Academic literature on the topic 'Nutrition – United States – Social aspects'
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Journal articles on the topic "Nutrition – United States – Social aspects":
1
O'Connell, Laurence J., Ronald E. Cranford, T. Patrick Hill, and Roberta Springer Loewy. "The United States Bishops' Committee Statement on Nutrition and Hydration Commentary." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 2, no. 3 (1993): 341–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100004357.
2
Schneiderman, Lawrence J., and Sharyn Manning. "The Baby K Case: A Search for the Elusive Standard of Medical Care." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 6, no. 1 (1997): 9–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180100007556.
Abstract:
An anencephalic infant, who came to be known as Baby K, was born at Fairfax Hospial in Falls Church, Virginia, on October 13, 1992. From, the moment of birth and repeatedly thereafter, the baby's mother insisted that aggressive measures be pursued, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation and ventilator support, to keep the baby alive as long as possible. The physicians complied. However, following the baby's second admission for respiratory failure, the hospital sought declaratory relief from the court permitting it to forgo emergency life support on the grounds that “a requirement to provide respiratory assistance would exceed the prevailing standard of medical care,” and that “because any treatment of their condition is futile, the prevailing standard of medical care for infants with anencephaly is to provide warmth, nutrition, and hydration.” The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit ruled in favor of the baby's mother, citing the federal Emergency Medical Treatment and Active Labor Act (popularly known as the “anti-dumping” act), which contained no “standard of care” exception to the requirement to provide “treatment necessary to prevent the material deterioration of the individual's condition.” An appeal to the United States Supreme Court was rejected. The baby died some two and one-half years later of cardiac arrest during her sixth visit to the emergency department of Fairfax Hospital for respiratory failure.
3
Hasib, Enam, Taufique Joarder, Kharisma Nugroho, Kelly Perry, Jennifer Crum, and Amy Weissman. "Bridging the Knowledge Gap in Bangladesh for Effective Locally Driven Conditional Cash Transfer in Multisectoral Nutrition Programming." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab035_038.
Abstract:
Abstract Objectives The USAID's Strengthening Multisectoral Nutrition Programming through Implementation Science Activity (MSNP) in Bangladesh gathered local knowledge to augment national data to ensure nutrition programming delivery was appropriately targeted. Such knowledge allowed MSNP's social protection conditional cash transfer (CCT) activity to reach most at-risk individuals. Methods Using structured field observation forms, six trained staff documented nutrition programming decision-making processes and MSNP project activities regarding appropriate beneficiary targeting in six districts. Numerous project documents were reviewed and site visits conducted to evaluate CCT implementation in action. Data were coded into three aspects of learning (challenges and methods to alleviate them, successes, and recommendations for future programming) and analyzed according to themes identified in research utilization literature. Results CCT, an incentive-based delivery mechanism targeting women based on locally collected data, positively influenced household decision-makers, including women, to provide effective health and nutrition care for themselves and their children. CCT, received upon completion of antenatal care visits and participation in nutrition education sessions, effectively supported the uptake of MSNP community workers’ nutrition advice led to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene practices in remote areas. Requiring CCT beneficiaries to open bKash accounts to ensure financial transparency and that funds reached the intended participants helped establish women as nutrition decision makers, improving financial inclusion for extreme-poor women. Conclusions CCT stimulates use of nutrition and health services, increasing household resources for nutrition-related behaviors and allowing women to exercise financial freedom. To improve evidence utilization in nutrition programming, national indicators must be complemented with local knowledge gathering processes, with local stakeholders and beneficiaries involved to ensure appropriate targeting and to transform knowledge into practice. Funding Sources United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
4
Dao, Maria Carlota, Sophie Thiron, Ellen Messer, Camille Sergeant, Anne Sévigné, Camille Huart, Melinda Rossi, et al. "Cultural Influences on the Regulation of Energy Intake and Obesity: A Qualitative Study Comparing Food Customs and Attitudes to Eating in Adults from France and the United States." Nutrients 13, no. 1 (December 28, 2020): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13010063.
Abstract:
(1) Background: The influence of food culture on eating behavior and obesity risk is poorly understood. (2) Methods: In this qualitative study, 25 adults in France with or without overweight/obesity participated in semi-structured interviews (n = 10) or focus groups (n = 15) to examine attitudes to food consumption and external pressures that influence eating behavior and weight management. Results were compared to an equivalent study conducted in the United States, thereby contrasting two countries with markedly different rates of obesity. Emerging key themes in the French data were identified through coding using a reflexive approach. (3) Results: The main themes identified were: (1) influence of commensality, social interactions, and pleasure from eating on eating behavior, (2) having a balanced and holistic approach to nutrition, (3) the role of environmental concerns in food consumption, (4) relationship with “natural” products (idealized) and food processing (demonized), (5) perceptions of weight status and management. Stress and difficulties in hunger cue discernment were viewed as important obstacles to weight management in both countries. External pressures were described as a major factor that explicitly influences food consumption in the U.S., while there was an implicit influence of external pressures through eating-related social interactions in France. In France, products considered “natural” where idealized and juxtaposed against processed and “industrial” products, whereas this was not a salient aspect in the U.S. (4) Conclusions: This first comparative qualitative study assessing aspects of food culture and eating behaviors across countries identifies both common and divergent attitudes to food and eating behavior. Further studies are needed to inform the development of effective behavioral interventions to address obesity in different populations.
5
Leskova, Irina, Dmitriy Ermakov, Elena Matushevskaya, and Ol'ga Nishnianidze. "Socio-medical aspects of the normalization of body mass." Obesity and metabolism 13, no. 4 (December 29, 2016): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.14341/omet2016449-52.
Abstract:
Increased body mass index (BMI) in today's world has become one of the most common and extremely dangerous to humanity diseases. The expansion of fast food chains, high-calorie food, sedentary lifestyle, stress, accumulation of population in cities – the main causes of overweight. In the twenty-first century, in scientific literature introduced a new term "globesity", reflecting the global nature of global problems. However, studies in recent years, several break this logic: "overweight – obesity – the risk of chronic diseases – the risk of premature death." Often, those with elevated BMI have a greater life expectancy than patients with normal or decreased BMI. The latter causes the appearance of a new term "obesity paradox". Indeed, increased BMI significantly reduces the quality of life, increases the risk of social problems. Persons suffering from increased BMI, harder to find a job and to arrange his personal life. In the United States of America the presence of increased body mass index (BMI) results in a significant rise in the cost of health insurance. Reducing excess weight is completely dependent on patients who need along with medication to live a healthy lifestyle. An important direction of minimize obesity and its consequences seem to be a diet, refusal of personal transport, leisure, vacation travel. American society of specialists in the field of metabolic and bariatric surgery define obesity as a chronic, relapsing, multifactorial neurobehavioral disorder in which the increase of fat in the body contributes to the dysfunction of adipose tissue with the development of threat for physical and psychological health of the metabolic and psychosocial consequences.
6
McKinley, Erin. "Analysis of Prenatal Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy and Anxiety Surrounding Giving Birth During COVID-19 Among Pregnant Women in the United States." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab029_037.
Abstract:
Abstract Objectives To assess the relationship between perceived level of anxiety and concern with giving birth during COVID-19 and level of prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy among a sample of pregnant persons in the United States. Methods A sample of 849 pregnant persons, representing all 50 states and 5 US territories, were recruited via social media advertisements to take a 78-item web-based survey between May and December of 2020. The survey items assessed prenatal breastfeeding self-efficacy using the valid PREP to BF scale, breastfeeding intention, anxiety with giving birth during COVID-19, concern for the baby being exposed at birth, and confusion with pregnancy recommendations during COVID-19. Results The sample, mean age 28.9 years, had a relatively high mean PREP to BF score (308.52 ± 62.74; range 39–390). Over 95% indicated a plan to incorporate breastmilk into their infant feeding routine either exclusively (68.96%) or in combination (26.5%). Seventy-one % were not confused by safe pregnancy recommendations, while 50.7% were “concerned” or “very concerned” their baby would be exposed to COVID-19 at birth, and 63.3% indicated they were “anxious” or “very anxious” about giving birth during the pandemic. One-way ANOVAs revealed persons with higher perceived anxiety (P = .024), more confusion over recommendations (P < .001), and more concern for their baby's exposure (P = .002) had significantly lower PREP to BF scores than their counterparts. Conclusions A pregnant person's anxiety, confusion over recommendations, and concern for their baby's safety had significant negative effects on prenatal self-efficacy for successful breastfeeding after birth during COVID-19. Prenatal healthcare teams should aim to discuss these aspects and reassure of proven safety protocols with pregnant patients to ease anxiety, confusion, or fear while helping to maintain or improve self-efficacy for the intended infant feeding method. Funding Sources This material is based upon work supported by the National Institute of Food and Agriculture, US Department of Agriculture, Hatch project LAB94426.
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Sadarangani, Tina, Lydia Missaelides, Emily Eilertsen, Harini Jaganathan, and Bei Wu. "A Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Nurse-Led Community-Based Health Home for Ethnically Diverse Older Adults With Multimorbidity in the Adult Day Health Setting." Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice 20, no. 3 (August 2019): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1527154419864301.
Abstract:
Multimorbidity affects 75% of older adults (aged 65 years and older) in the United States and increases risk of poor medical outcomes, especially among the poor and underserved. The creation of a Medicaid option allowing states to establish health homes under the Affordable Care Act was intended to enhance coordinated care for Medicaid beneficiaries with multimorbidity. The Community-Based Health Home (CBHH) model uses the infrastructure of the Adult Day Health Center (ADHC) to serve as a health home to improve outcomes for medically complex vulnerable adults. Between 2017 and 2018, we used a sequential explanatory mixed-methods approach to (a) quantitatively examine changes in depression, fall risk, loneliness, cognitive function, nutritional risk, pain classification, and health care utilization over the course of 12 months in the program and (b) qualitatively explore the perspectives of key stakeholders (registered nurse navigators, participants, ADHC administrators, and caregivers) to identify the most effective components of CBHH. Using data integration techniques, we identified components of CBHH that were most likely driving outcomes. After 12 months in CBHH, our racially diverse sample ( N = 126), experienced statistically significant ( p < .05) reductions in loneliness, depression, nutritional risk, poorly controlled pain, and emergency department utilization. Stakeholders who were interviewed ( n = 40) attributed positive changes to early clinical intervention by the registered nurse navigators, communication with providers across settings, and a focus on social determinants of health, in conjunction with social stimulation and engagement provided by the ADHC. CBHH positions the ADHC as the locus of an effective health home site and is associated with favorable results. CBHH also demonstrates the unique capacity and skill of registered nurses in integrating health and social services across community settings. Continued exploration of CBHH among diverse populations with multimorbidity is warranted.
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Frank, David. "‘We’re Gonna Be Addressing Your Pepsi Use’." Journal of Extreme Anthropology 3, no. 2 (April 18, 2019): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.5617/jea.6737.
Abstract:
Methadone Maintenance Treatment (MMT) in the United States has recently adopted an approach based on the principles of the Recovery movement — a view of treatment informed by addiction-as-disease models but also incorporating social, psychological, and spiritual components. Although organizations that administer drug treatment services claim that the shift represents a more client-centered, individualistic approach, it may not meet the needs of the many individuals who use MMT to reduce the harms of drug use, like overdose, rather than as a way to become abstinent. In this article, I use interview data from treatment providers to argue against institutional claims of Recovery as an individualistic model. My research demonstrates how — despite the wide variety of treatment goals among people on MMT — the Recovery discourse positions and organizes treatment strictly as abstinence-based, self-help. Moreover, I show how the Recovery model serves as the justification for an expansion of clinics’ ability to surveil and intervene in aspects of people’s lives which had previously been seen as outside of MMT’s purview, including nutrition, public service, and spirituality. In conclusion, I argue that Recovery restricts MMT’s ability to reduce harms, like overdose, in the lives of people who use drugs, and recommend that MMT adopt a more open-ended, low-threshold approach to treatment.
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Kalagin, Yuriі. "Crisis of masculinity and health of male servicemen." Grani 23, no. 11 (November 25, 2020): 51–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/1720101.
Abstract:
The article looks at the problems of preserving social health and individuality in the context of realizing gender stereotypes. The author suggests the results of social research, which was conducted at the laboratory of applied social research of the department of social science and political science of NTU "KhPI" in 2020. Relevance is stipulated by the need to protect human resources in all forms, so that the shosty riches protect sovereignty and territoriality of Ukraine. The personnel of military formations in Ukraine is composed mainly of men, so it is extremely important to support and preserve the health of men. The problem lies in the fact that social media ideology is often panicky, often sponing people to take away the strategy of special behaviors is not a problem for social health. At the middle of the twentieth century, science at large turned out to be a huge respect for the nutrition of healthy’s health and social problems of complicity. In fact, even more than one studio in the United States has earned respect for up to date realization of masculine and ideological ideas for individual health. Віччнінії науковіці долуджудували вкмі Aspects of the flood of masculine ideology, ale better understanding of the context of the social protection of the form of Ukraine in Ukraine on the cob of the 21st table was not carried out. The author has added to the behavior of those stereotypes such as “do not cry”, “say that you are strong but strong”, “say that you’re the mother of the year of birth” to bring back the negative effects. The results of the previous show showed that ideological masculine formук stereotypes, which can be negatively attributed to a healthy person. Namaganiya cholіkіv, so as not to have more than one resource, follow stereotypes of masculine and ideological ideas to negative insights. That, to the author’s thought, is necessary to formulate more critical criticism to sound stereotypes about the “reference person”.
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Craig, Lee A., Barry Goodwin, and Thomas Grennes. "The Effect of Mechanical Refrigeration on Nutrition in the United States." Social Science History 28, no. 2 (2004): 325–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0145553200013183.
Abstract:
Although the principles of refrigeration have been understood for thousands of years, the widespread use of mechanical refrigeration in the processing, shipping, and storing of perishable commodities began only in the 1890s. Because refrigeration facilitated the hygienic handling and storage of perishables, it promoted output growth, consumption, and nutrition through the spatial and temporal integration of markets for perishables. We estimate the impact of mechanical refrigeration on output and consumption, and hence on human nutrition, concentrating on the contribution from refrigerated dairy products, an important source of nutrients, particularly proteins and calcium. We conclude that the adoption of refrigeration in the late-nineteenth-century United States increased dairy consumption by 1.7% and overall protein intake by 1.25% annually after the 1890s. The increase in protein consumption was particularly important to the growth of the human organism. According to our lower-bound estimates, refrigeration directly contributed at least 5.1% of the increase in adult stature of the postrefrigeration cohorts, and combined with the indirect effects associated with improvements in the quality of nutrients and the reduction in illness, the overall impact was considerably larger.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Nutrition – United States – Social aspects":
1
Evans, Gina. "Psychosocial and cultural predictors of dietary fat intake in African American women." Virtual Press, 2006. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1354641.
Abstract:
The present study explored whether African American women's level of dietary fat intake could be predicted by the variables of food preferences and preparation methods, support for healthy eating from family and friends, attitudes toward health, and acculturation. The present study also explored whether African American women's level of dietary fat intake could be predicted by the variables of food preferences and preparation methods, support for healthy eating from family and friends, and attitudes toward health, as moderated by acculturation.Information was obtained from five hundred and nintey nine African American females between the ages of eighteen and forty four. The women were recruited from a Midwestern univeristy, an undergraduate and graduate chapter of an African American sorority, two African American professional organizations, and through the snowball method. Particpants completed a Demographic Questionnaire, The Eating Behavior Patterns Questionnaire, The African American Acculturation Scale Short Form, The Health Attitudes Scale, The Social Support Scale, and The Eating Patterns Subscale on the Eating Habits Questionnaire. The data was collected via hardcopy and InQsit, an online survey program.Numerous preliminary tests were run to screen the data for outliers, linearity, and multicollinearity. Then, two forced entry multiple regressions were performed. In the first analysis, the overall model was a significant predictor of dietary fat intake. African American women's preferred foods, positive and negative support from friends, overallconcern for health, and intentions to adopt positive health practices are significant predictors of their level of dietary fat intake. In fact, these variables acccounted for almost half of the amount of variance in dietary fat intake. The second model was not significant and acculturation was not a significant predictor or moderator of dietary fat intake. Although acculturation was proven to be influential to dietary behaviors in African Americans in previous literature, the findings were not confirmed in this study.Multiple possibilies may explain the lack of significant findings between level of acculturation and dietary fat intake. The women in the current study were of a higher educational and income status than women in previous studies indicating significant findings. This difference in education and income, among other factors, may account for the difference in significant findings. The information gained in this study can be used to develop pschoeducational and treatment programs aimed at helping African American women prevent or treat health problems associated with poor eating habits. Several research implications are also noted.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Glass, Thomas Westbrook. "Essays on the distributional aspects of Social Security /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
3
Moore, Kelly. "Doing good while doing science: The origins and consequences of public interest science organizations in America, 1945-1990." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186307.
Abstract:
Over the past thirty years, public interest science organizations have had significant and varied effects on the course of several contemporary social movements, on public knowledge of science, and on policy ranging from weapons to toxic waste to recombinant DNA. This dissertation considers the origins of these organizations, and their differential ability to survive. Archival, interview, and secondary data analyses of three prominent public interest science organizations: Scientists' Institute for Public Information, Science for the People, and the Union of Concerned Scientists are used to examine these questions. This research shows that these organizations were formed by scientists in the 1950s and 1960s who found that their political commitments were increasingly at odds with scientific demands for objectivity and value-neutrality. The tension arose as a result of three factors: the liberalization of the political climate in the 1950s and 1960s, the development of political protest that charged science with being complicit making war possible and the encouragement, even demand, that Leftists find ways to join their professional and political lives. As a result, some scientists created new organizations that publicly defined scientists as socially responsible. Once created, however, these organizations faced a rapidly changing political, scientific and organizational climate that made their survival difficult. I show how early choices about goals, membership, activities, and division of labor in each group strongly shaped the differential ability of organizations to survive over time. Adaptive survival is shown to be related to the ability of an organization to engage in repeated and routinized exchanges with other individuals and groups, which is in turn dependent on choices organizations make within months of their founding. The last section of the dissertation suggests how public interest science organizations (both individually and collectively) expand the political capacities of scientists and the public, affect the practice and subject matter of science, and shaped the lives of the participants.
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Al-Aulaqi, Nader. "Arab-Muslim views, images and stereotypes in United States." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2275.
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Haddad, Khristina. "Women, AIDS, and invisibility in the United States : using feminist theory to understand sources and consequences of definitions." Thesis, McGill University, 1994. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=68098.
Abstract:
The practical project of this thesis is to create a critical account of the experiences of women in the AIDS crisis in the United States. The theoretical project is to refine a concept of invisibility of various kinds of problems and obstacles women have been confronted with. The question that both parts of this project seek to answer is roughly the following: "What is it that we can learn about improving the lives of women by looking at the AIDS crisis as a lens into American social conditions at the end of the Twentieth Century?" Feminist theories provide a basis for this inquiry as well as the theoretical work on a concept of invisibility.
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Huttlinger, Kathleen Wilson. "The experience of pregnancy in teenage girls." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184453.
Abstract:
Pregnancy in unmarried teenaged girls in America today is a growing concern to health care workers, educators, government officials and parents. Pregnancy during adolescence is not an issue because births to teenagers are increasing but because teenage pregnancy is no longer a societal option. This paper describes adolescent pregnancy from within the context of the subculture of adolescence and from the perspective of 16 pregnant, teenaged girls. The findings revealed a description of the life experiences of pregnant teenagers and introduced health-care issues that were not previously disclosed in other research studies of pregnant teens. The anthropological concepts of liminality, the double-bind, social labeling, and schizmogenesis served to guide the research. The concepts also helped to explain many behaviors and observations that were made of the informants throughout the research. An ethnographic approach using participant observation and ethnographic interviews was used to collect data from 16 pregnant, unmarried, teenaged girls in a large Southwestern, urban area. The informants ranged in age from 14 through 19 years and represented various backgrounds. Nine informants resided in a home for unwed, pregnant teenagers with the remainder residing in diverse locations. Data analyses occurred concurrently with data collection as part of an ongoing process. Data were ordered and transcribed within a framework designed to enhance thematic analysis. Transcribed interview and observational data were transferred onto the Ethnograph, a data-management software program. Data were coded using substantive and conceptual codes. Codes were linked according to patterns of association and frequency of occurrence which in turn led to the revealing of recurrent thematic patterns. In all, eight themes were revealed: (1) pregnancy is bad; (2) loneliness; (3) waiting it out; (4) dependency; (5) looking bad; (6) giving up baby; (7) losing what was; and (8) losing control. Thematic content also disclosed many inconsistencies and double-binds between the larger Western macroculture and adolescent subculture. Ethnographic themes and expressions of these themes provided new information for constructing health-related interventions with pregnant teens.
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Dean, Robert Dale. "Manhood, reason, and American foreign policy: The social construction of masculinity and the Kennedy and Johnson administrations." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187268.
Abstract:
This dissertation explores the ways that specific constructions of "masculinity" and related "gendered" discourses of political power helped shape the foreign policy decisions of the Kennedy and Johnson administrations. I argue that both prescriptive and proscriptive aspects of an elite "ideology of masculinity" played an important role in Kennedy administration innovations like counterinsurgency programs or the Peace Corps. The U.S. intervention in Vietnam under both Presidents was shaped in significant ways by a decision-making process embedded in a gendered discourse that equated negotiation with "appeasement," "softness," feminized weakness, and the collapse of boundaries; the use of force was construed as "tough-minded," a pragmatic "hardness" to buttress vital imperial and domestic political boundaries. This dissertation places analytical and interpretive emphasis on the heretofore largely unexamined role of gender and culture in American foreign policy of the Cold War. The study has two aspects. The first focuses on the creation of elite masculine "identity-narratives"; I examine the patterns of masculine socialization common to Kennedy and the elite "establishment" figures he recruited to staff his national security bureaucracy. I discuss patterns of experience in sex-segregated educational, fraternal, and military institutions, and the ritual ordeals employed by those institutions to create overlapping brotherhoods of privilege and power. I examine their experience of the gendered and sexualized political discourse of the nineteen-fifties, and the lessons they learned from the government purges which equated "subversion" and "sex perversion" when targeting victims. The second aspect of the study examines the "real world" consequences of the prescriptive and proscriptive ideology of masculinity shared by the national security staff of Kennedy and Johnson. I look at the ways that programs like counterinsurgency or the Peace Corps were shaped by ideals of masculine strenuousness and heroism, and in turn used as a political theater of masculinity for domestic political purposes. Decision-making about Vietnam was inextricably bound up with "private" identity-narratives of masculine power, and a public political discourse revolving around questions of "strength" or "weakness" in leaders. The politics of masculinity shaped the cost-benefit reason of U.S. policy-makers.
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Apple, Angela L. "Apocalypse how? : a generic criticism of on-line Christian Identity rhetoric as apocalyptic rhetoric." Virtual Press, 1998. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1100451.
Abstract:
This study explores the complex relationship between radical right rhetoric and the genre of apocalyptic rhetoric. The radical right consists of the White Nationalist and Patriot movements, two common "hate group" movements in the United States. The Klanwatch (1998d) explains that the number of hate groups in the United States grew by 20 percent in 1997. They attribute much of this growth to the movement's use of the Internet. Although these hate groups are highly diverse, Christian Identity is a common theology to which many members of the radical right adhere.This study analyzes two artifacts representational of Christian Identity rhetoric. These artifacts were found on the Web site of the Northwest Kinsmen, a radical right group from the Pacific Northwest. Christian Identity is a "pseudo-Christian" theology that claims that white Christians are the true Israelites and that Jews are actually "children of Satan." Christian Identity followers believe that there will be a racial war (i.e., racial apocalypse) in which white Christians will triumph over the forces of evil (Abanes, 1996).This study utilizes the rhetorical method of generic criticism to determine that the Christian Identity rhetoric present on the Northwest Kinsmen's Web site is apocalyptic rhetoric. Generic theory, the theoretical foundation of this study, argues that rhetorical genres have common situational, substantive, and stylistic features and a common "organizing principle" that unifies the genre. Therefore, this study compares the key features of apocalyptic rhetoric to the Northwest Kinsmen artifacts. Through this study, a greater understanding of the social reality, beliefs, attitudes, and values of the radical right, Christian Identity rhetors is obtained.This study discovers that the Christian Identity rhetoric found on the Northwest Kinsmen's Web site is apocalyptic rhetoric. This study illustrates that these Christian Identity rhetors believe that they are living in a chaotic world of inexplicable problems. Through apocalyptic rhetoric, the rhetors help explain the "crises" facing the audience and therefore restore order in their lives. Specifically, this study shows how these apocalyptic rhetors utilize conspiracy theories to restore order. Additionally, it illustrates how the rhetorical strategies associated with apocalyptic rhetoric (i.e., typology, transfer, and style and language) are used to enhance the credibility of the rhetor and the legitimacy of even the most racist assertions. Finally, this study provides insight into the use of the Internet by radical right groups.Department of Speech Communication
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Wells, Camille. "Social and economic aspects of eighteenth-century housing on the northern neck of Virginia." W&M ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539623857.
Abstract:
This study is an attempt to discern what eighteenth-century houses--their forms, dimensions, internal organization, and external settings--have to contribute to scholarly understanding of colonial Virginia's society, economy, and culture.;Historic Virginia houses usually were built more recently than traditional scholars and popular writers have supposed, and standing eighteenth-century houses are, almost without exception, far larger and finer than the dwellings most colonial Virginians inhabited. Yet even lightly constructed and shabbily finished houses stood at the center of a complex of buildings where most of the planter's household and agricultural work was performed. Thus eighteenth-century Virginia houses were more mundane and unpretentious yet more symbolically and functionally dominant components of the landscape than surviving houses and their isolated rural sites can suggest.;This dissertation employs documentary, architectural, and archaeological evidence to address three questions. What can a close reading of written sources convey about the character and context of houses in eighteenth-century Virginia? What can a close inspection of surviving houses, their archaeological remains, and their associated documentary histories convey about the circumstances of their construction and use, the significance of their form and presentation? Finally, what was the economic background and the social significance of a pretentious Virginia house which was built, accoutred, and inhabited during a time and in a place where such structures were exceedingly rare?
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Schroeder, Monica Denney. "Women's sports coverage and female sportswriters : a content analysis of the sports sections of six Indiana newspapers." Virtual Press, 1994. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/917020.
Abstract:
The impact of a female sportswriter's presence on a newspaper staff was examined by content analysis, studying photo and copy space devoted to both male and female sports coverage. Composite weeks, one each from each quarter of the year following the woman's date of hire were selected from the only four newspapers in the state of Indiana hiring female sportswriters. Compared to similar Indiana newspapers without female sportswriters, those with female staffers were found to devote more copy and photo space to women's coverage in the entire sports section, and on the sports section front page, papers with female sportswriters used more photos of women and devoted more total space (photos and copy) to women's sports coverage. The effect was consistent regardless of the newspaper's market size.Department of Journalism
Books on the topic "Nutrition – United States – Social aspects":
1
Cadwell, Karin. Reclaiming breastfeeding for the United States: Protection, promotion and support. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers, 2002.
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United States. Congress. Senate. Special Committee on Aging. The relationship between nutrition, aging, and health: A personal and social challenge : hearing before the Special Committee on Aging, United States Senate, Ninety-ninth Congress, first session, Albuquerque, NM, December 14, 1985. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1986.
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Apple, Rima D. Vitamania: Vitamins in American culture. New Brunswick, N.J: Rutgers University Press, 1996.
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Massaro, Thomas. Catholic social teaching and United States welfare reform. Collegeville, Minn: Liturgical Press, 1998.
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Zuckerman, Harriet. Scientific elite: Nobel laureates in the United States. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 1996.
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National Research Council (U.S.). Panel on Monitoring the Social Impact of the AIDS Epidemic. The social impact of AIDS in the United States. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1993.
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Staudenmaier, John M. United States technology and adult commitment. St. Louis, MO: Seminar on Jesuit Spirituality, 1987.
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Kedrowski, Karen M. Breastfeeding rights in the United States. Westport, Conn: Praeger Publishers, 2008.
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United States. Dept. of Health and Human Services. Office of Inspector General. Office of Audit. Review of selected aspects of the financial interchange between the Social Security Administration and the Railroad Retirement Board, Social Security Administration. [Washington, D.C.?]: Office of Inspector General, Office of Audit, 1987.
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Gist, Yvonne J. We the people: Aging in the United States. [Washington, DC]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, Economic and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, 2004.
Book chapters on the topic "Nutrition – United States – Social aspects":
1
Jasanoff, Sheila. "Cultural Aspects of Risk Assessment in Britain and the United States." In The Social and Cultural Construction of Risk, 359–97. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3395-8_15.
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Donlon, Regina. "A Reputation of Respectability: Social and Cultural Aspects of Immigrant Life." In German and Irish Immigrants in the Midwestern United States, 1850–1900, 121–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-78738-1_6.
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Pedraza, S. "Migration to the United States: Gender Aspects." In International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 9834–39. Elsevier, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-08-043076-7/02198-7.
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Brown, J. Larry. "Nutrition." In Social Injustice and Public Health, 273–86. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190914653.003.0014.
Abstract:
Poor nutritional status leads to adverse health outcomes in both developing and high-income countries. Poor nutrition in vulnerable populations is strongly associated with poverty, inequality, and other manifestations of social injustice. This chapter focuses mainly on the adverse health effects of inadequate nutrition in the United States. The author states that hunger in the United States could be reduced by better funding for the Food Stamp Program and by expanding the coverage of other existing federal nutrition programs. The author also asserts that the root cause of food insecurity in the United States needs to be addressed. A text box addresses the obesity epidemic in the United States.
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Baarda, Rachel, and Rocci Luppicini. "Shaping Digital Democracy in the United States." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 213–31. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-6122-6.ch014.
Abstract:
Ethical challenges that technology poses to the different spheres of society are a core focus within the field of technoethics. Over the last few years, scholars have begun to explore the ethical implications of new digital technologies and social media, particularly in the realms of society and politics. A qualitative case study was conducted on Barack Obama's campaign social networking site, my.barackobama.com, in order to investigate the ways in which the website uses or misuses digital technology to create a healthy participatory democracy. For an analysis of ethical and non-ethical ways to promote participatory democracy online, the study included theoretical perspectives such as the role of the public sphere in a participatory democracy and the effects of political marketing on the public sphere. The case study included a content analysis of the website and interviews with members of groups on the site. The study's results are explored in this chapter.
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Lofgren, C. S., and C. T. Adams. "Economic Aspects of the Imported Fire Ant in the United States." In The Biology of Social Insects, 124–28. CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429309113-26.
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Baldwin, Nicholas, and Amy Lynn Fletcher. "Asteroid Futures." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 291–301. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6772-2.ch020.
Abstract:
This chapter evaluates the emerging industry of asteroid mining and the pivotal role of the United States in shaping the new rules for an extra-terrestrial economy. The Outer Space Treaty 1967 (OST) governs the use of space, with over 100 signatories, including the United States and China. However, as space exploration expands to encompass both public and private stakeholders, there is a growing international debate about whether the OST's provisions prohibit the assertion of sovereignty and, hence, property rights, in outer space. With the Commercial Space Launch Competitiveness Act (2015), the United States has pursued a legal framework that facilitates commercial asteroid mining and a political strategy that focuses on bilateral space exploration agreements with countries such as Luxembourg, Italy, and the United Arab Emirates. Due to its dominant position in the space sector, the United States will strongly influence the regulatory roadmap for the era of Space 2.0.
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Hooke, Angus, and Lauren Alati. "Technology and Gross World Product." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 1–22. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6772-2.ch001.
Abstract:
This chapter divides the economic history of humans into technological eras and uses a population multiplied by per capita income approach to estimate gross world product in each era and, therefore, for the history of humankind. It also provides an overview of the major technologies that introduced each era and supported growth during the era. The chapter uses a model developed by the authors to predict gross world product during the remainder of the 21st century (2021-2100). It also considers which economies might have been the largest in the world since the dawn of civilisation about 6,000 years ago. The chapter concludes with the prediction that China, India, and the United States will remain the dominant economic powers during the remainder of the 21st century, that the gross domestic product (GDP) of India will pass that of the United States in the late 2030s and the GDP of China in the late 2040s, and will be more than 50% larger than that of second-placed China by 2100.
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Duncan, Terrence, Gary James Hanney, Darrell Norman Burrell, and Emad Rahim. "Effective Integration of Technology and Human Capital Development in Healthcare." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 268–85. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-9810-7.ch011.
Abstract:
Human capital development is important for organizations and most industries in the United States of America (USA). In the healthcare industry, human capital development is a priority due to the variety of skilled and unique positions within one of the most regulated industries within the USA. Integration of work processes, operational efficiencies, and assimilating regulatory changes are a pre-requisite for human resource professionals to remain competitive as well as remain operationally relevant. Information technology adoption in healthcare must continue to improve to address some of the industry's largest challenges: turnover, retention, and education. The intent of this chapter is to outline the existing challenges of human capital development in healthcare and how information technology provides significant value to closing the gaps of the alarming trends that exist in the industry.
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Harris, Maurita T., and Wendy A. Rogers. "Facilitating the Adoption of Digital Health Technologies by Older Adults to Support Their Health." In Advances in Human and Social Aspects of Technology, 164–79. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-6453-0.ch007.
Abstract:
With over 50% of older adults in the United States managing at least one chronic condition, it is crucial to understand how to promote their self-management of positive health behaviors. Health interventions through digital health technologies are becoming more commonplace. Theoretical models related to health behavior change and technology acceptance can guide the design of these healthcare tools and lead to adoption by older adults to support their health. This chapter provides an overview of health behavior change and technology acceptance models to inform the development of digital health technology for older adults. This chapter illustrates the application of these models by describing two design personas that represent human factors designers. This chapter discusses the lack of inclusion of technology adoption and other long-term concepts and the need for further exploration that could inform understanding of technology integration into everyday health activities.
Conference papers on the topic "Nutrition – United States – Social aspects":
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Grigalashvili, Vephkhvia, and Khatuna Abiashvili. "CONCEPTUAL REVIEW OF THE UNITED STATES CRITICAL INFRASTRUCTURE ARCHITECTURE: POLICY, LAW AND ADMINISTRATION." In Proceedings of the XXVIII International Scientific and Practical Conference. RS Global Sp. z O.O., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31435/rsglobal_conf/25042021/7522.
Abstract:
The United States` Critical Infrastructure System (CIs) represents an umbrella concept grouping all those resources that are essential for national economic, financial, and social system. These critical infrastructures are vital and without them, or with any damages to them, would cripple the nation, states, and/or local communities and tribes. Based on a systematic review approach (methodology), this paper aims to review the United States’ Critical Infrastructure Protection System (USCIPS) at tree aspects. In section one, the policy pillars of USCIPS are outlined based on studding Presidential Policy Directive 21 (PPD-21) and National Infrastructure Protection Plan (NIPP). Section two discusses the interdependent nature of the sixteen critical infrastructure sectors and identified the further designation of life-line sectors. Final sector introduces USCIPS stakeholders, collaboration and partnership across between the private sector and public sector stakeholders.
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"Perspectives on Historically Marginalized Doctoral Students in the United States and South Africa." In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4210.
Abstract:
[This Proceedings paper was revised and published in the 2019 issue of the International Journal of Doctoral Studies, Volume 14] Aim/Purpose: This work expands discussions on the application of cultural frameworks on research in doctoral education in the United States and South Africa. There is an emphasis on identifying and reinterpreting the doctoral process where racial and cultural aspects have been marginalized by way of legacies of exclusions in both contexts. An underlying premise of this work is to support representation of marginalized students within the context of higher education internationalization. Background: Decades of reporting provide evidence of statistical portraits on degree attainment. Yet, some large-scale reporting does not include representation of historically marginalized groups until the 1970’s in the United States, and the 2000’s for South Africa. With the growth of internationalization in higher education, examination of the impact of marginalization serves to support representation of diversity-focused discussions in the development of regional international education organizations, multilateral networks, and cross-collaborative teaching and research projects. Methodology: Qualitative research synthesis of literature focused on a dimensional framework of diversity provides a basis for this discussion paper regarding the potential of Sankofa as a cultural framework for examining the historically marginalized doctoral experience in the United States and South Africa. Contribution: A major contribution of this work offers critical questions on the use of cultural frameworks in doctoral education in the US and South Africa and broader dynamics of higher education internationalization. Findings: Sankofa reveals critical insight for reinterpretation of the doctoral process through comparison of perspectives on the historically marginalized doctoral experience in the United States and South Africa. They include consideration of the social developments leading to the current predicament of marginalization for students; awareness of the different reporting strategies of data; implementation of cultural frameworks to broaden the focus on how to understand student experiences; and, an understanding of the differences in student-faculty relationships. Recommendations for Practitioners: Recommendations for practitioners highlight the application of cultural frameworks in the development and implementation of practical strategies in the support of historically marginalized doctoral students. Recommendations for Researchers: Recommendations for researchers consider the application of cultural frameworks in the development of scholarship supporting historically marginalized doctoral students within a global context. Impact on Society: Intended outcomes for this work include increasing awareness about historically marginalized doctoral students. Recommendations are focused on improving their academic and career experiences in the United States and South Africa with global implications for this student population. Future Research: Future research should consider the application of cultural frameworks when examining the historically marginalized doctoral experience within global, national, and local contexts.
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Wong, Kau-Fui V., Thomas Hutley, and Emma Salgado. "Offshore Wind Power and its Potential for Development in the West Wind Drift." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39825.
Abstract:
Offshore wind power is an emerging technology capable of providing coastal cities, states, and countries with a substantial portion of their energy needs. The vast potential of offshore wind power has not been fully explored. This work endeavors to perform a review of the literature on offshore wind power. Structural, economic, and environmental aspects are discussed keeping in mind the current status of offshore wind power development around the world. Offshore wind power is a relatively new technology being used by countries such as Denmark, the United Kingdom, the United States, Germany, and China to provide larger and larger portions of their total energy needs. In 1991 Denmark opened its first commercial offshore wind farm in Vindeby producing a mere 4.95 MW of power. More ambitious projects followed and in 2001 the Middelgrunden, Copenhagen wind farm opened producing 40 MW of power. Then in 2000 the Horns Rev wind farm was put online producing 160 MW of power. The United Kingdom has many offshore wind power projects as well. The Blyth Offshore was opened in 2000 and produces 3.8 MW of power and several others in the United Kingdom produce anywhere from 10 to 90 MW of power. By 2007 end, Denmark had 402 MW and the UK had 395 MW, Ireland, Sweden and the Netherlands had varying amounts. Countries such as China and Germany are also leaders in the development of offshore wind power. In the United States, commercial offshore wind projects had a late start. The first operational offshore wind farms opened in 2007. However, the United States does not lag behind in wind power. In 2008 the United States produced more megawatt of wind power than any other country, making them the leader of wind power production. Offshore wind, however, only constitutes a tiny portion of the total wind power production of the United States. Recent advancements in the technology associated with wind power as a renewable energy source have made it a feasible form of climate change mitigation. Recent development has led countries such as Denmark, Portugal, and Spain to devote as much as 19% of their total energy production to wind power as of 2008, and is encouraging many other developed countries to do the same. This paper performs a review of the status of offshore wind projects internationally. It considers specifically the potential of the West Wind Drift near the southernmost tip of South America and the Antarctic Peninsula as a geographically and meteorologically advantageous location for the implementation of these wind technologies. Many of the more general problems associated with the use of wind turbines are eliminated by location alone. The winds that cause the Antarctic Circumpolar Currents (ACC) have a consistent west to east pattern and are some of the strongest winds on Earth, both ideal qualities when considering the possibility of wind power, and the wind in this area has very low intermittency. The average wind speed between 40°S and 60°S is 15 to 24 knots with strongest winds typically between 45°S and 55°S. Cape Horn is about 56°S [1]. Historically, the ACC has been called the ‘West Wind Drift’ because the prevailing westerly wind and current are both eastward. Owing to the remoteness of the Cape Horn area and Antarctica, many of the social matters associated with the development of wind farms are eliminated. Obvious factors must be considered when developing in such an area. The paper will cover the engineering requirements of turbines functioning in subzero temperatures consistently as well as the long distance transmission associated with development in this area and its economic feasibility. It will also cover the environmental and regulatory issues associated with the development in such an area.
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Brunner, Martin, and Alfred Sigg. "Waste-to-Energy in Europe and Technology Highlights From Von Roll Inova Projects." In 15th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec15-3200.
Abstract:
Von Roll Inova is a major provider of thermal treatment technologies ranging from combustion, energy recovery, air pollution control, and residue processing. The company is headquartered in Switzerland and its portfolio includes over 300 WTEs around the world, processing more than 100,000 metric tons of solid wastes per day. This paper discusses the technological and political trends in Europe regarding waste-to-energy, the state-of-the-art-technology and presents an an overview of recently executed projects by Von Roll Inova. During the hiatus on new plant construction in the U.S., European countries pursued a variety of different approaches. Not all the results showed environmental, social or economic promise. Of the aspects developed since the mid-nineties, some are applicable to the United States. Particularly the advances in air pollution control technology and improved thermal efficiency will be useful as new Waste-to-Energy capacity is added in the U.S. and delays in permitting may be avoided by taking advantage of such experience transfers.
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Şaykol, Ediz. "On the Economical Impacts of Cloud Computing in Information Technology Industry." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c05.00851.
Abstract:
Cloud computing, as defined by United States National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), “... is a model for enabling convenient, on-demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources (e.g., networks, servers, storage, applications, and services) that can be rapidly provisioned and released with minimal management effort or service provider interaction.” Goal of the study is to highlight the positive economical impacts of cloud computing for companies, which can be assessed by focusing on their business goals to make more profit. Under the cloud computing model, firms can rent as many virtual machines as they need at any given time, and either design or use off-the-shelf solutions to integrate company-wide data and then easily distribute access to users within and outside of the company. Hence, cloud computing converts fixed capital costs to variable costs, prevents under or over provisioning, and allows minute by minute flexibility. Hence, the companies concentrate on their own business goals on top on a stable and effective information technology backbone. Most literature on cloud computing reside in computer science resources. However, there is little work focusing on the social and economic significance of cloud computing in the economics literature. Hence, this paper first discusses the basics of the cloud computing along with its implications on information technology (IT) field, with paying special attention to economical aspects. Then, empirical results and elaborations are to be given to yield a conclusion.
Reports on the topic "Nutrition – United States – Social aspects":
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Haider, Huma. Mainstreaming Institutional Resilience and Systems Strengthening in Donor Policies and Programming. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.101.
Abstract:
This rapid review synthesises evidence on key aspects of mainstreaming institutional resilience and systems strengthening in donor policies and programming in FCAS (Fragile and Conflict-affect States) contexts, particularly in nutrition (food security), health, WASH and the economic sector. Institutional resilience is the ability of a social system (society, community, organisation) to absorb and recover from external shocks, while positively adapting and transforming to address long-term changes and uncertainty. Investing in strong, well-functioning and adaptable social systems, such as health, education and social protection systems, can build resilience, as this help to cushion the negative economic and social effects of crises. While development actors have established guidance on how institutions can be made more effective, inclusive and accountable, there is much less literature on institutional resilience and how development actors can help to foster it. Much of the literature notes a lack of systematic evidence on applying the concept of resilience. These gaps extend to a dearth of guidance on how development actors can mainstream institutional resilience and systems strengthening into their policies and programmes. This rapid review draws on common factors discussed in the literature that are considered important to the strengthening of resilience and particular systems. These may, in turn, provide an indication of ways in which to mainstream institutional resilience and systems strengthening into development policy and programming