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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Opium trade

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Academic literature on the topic 'Opium trade'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 15 June 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Opium trade"

1

Fathoni, Ahmad, and Sarkawi B. Husain. "Pelaksanaan Opiumpacht: Monopoli Perdagangan Opium Melalui Perantara Bandar di Keresidenan Kediri, 1833-1900." Lembaran Sejarah 16, no. 1 (2020): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/lembaran-sejarah.59912.

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The opium trade in Kediri Residency was monopolized by Dutch East Indies government. The problem discussed in this study regarding opium trade monopoly at Kediri Residency through bookie intermediary (opiumpachter) in 1833-1900. The methods used in this research is historical methods which includes heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The result showed that the opium trade monopoly through bookie intermediary (opiumpachter) in Kediri Residency included auction and distribution processions also the sale of raw opium to opium dealers. Generally, the opium trade in Kediri Residency was controlled by Chinese. They become intermediary traders who sell government opium to people in Kediri Residency. The high tax offer at opium auction in Kediri Residency gave high profits to the country. On the contrary, that puts a great deal of pressure on the opium port. The crisis which occurred at the end of the 19th century, caused a setback in the opium trade monopoly through bookie intermediary (opiumpachter) in Kediri Residency.

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Pelechaty, Evan. "A Close Examination of Edward Fry and His Report on British Parliamentary Proceedings Pertaining to the Opium Wars and Subsequent Government Policies." General: Brock University Undergraduate Journal of History 7 (April 11, 2022): 112–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26522/tg.v7i1.3694.

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This paper analyzes Edward Fry’s 1876 report on parliamentary proceedings pertaining to the opium trade. In the report, Edward Fry criticized British involvement in the Opium Wars and subsequent opium trade by arguing that Britain should not force the import of opium into China because it was destroying the health and welfare of Chinese citizens. Instead, Fry suggested that the British Empire should assume responsibility by outlawing the sale of opium and refunding the opium farmers in China and India. Edward Fry was not advocating for the end of British presence in China, but he was promoting British imperialist rhetoric and ideology with the goal of extending western influence in China especially through the reputation of missionaries. Although Fry’s report condemned British involvement in the Opium Wars and their support of the trade, he still supported British imperialism in China. This paper provides a brief biography on Edward Fry and discusses his anti-opium stance, his predominant view on the opium trade during the 1870’s, and how these events reflected deeper colonial trends.

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Siagian, Muhnizar, and Tiffany Setyo Pratiwi. "Narcoterrorism in Afghanistan." Jurnal ICMES 2, no. 2 (2018): 158–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35748/jurnalicmes.v2i2.26.

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The existence of Afghanistan that dubbed The Golden Cresent is the birthplace of two global terrorist groups namely the Taliban and Al-Qaeda. Nearly 70% of drug activity in Afghanistan has been strongly controlled by Taliban terrorist groups since 2007. Using narcoterrorism and non-traditional security threat conceptual frameworks, this article explains the dynamics of the development of opium production and trade in Afghanistan, the Taliban track record in the opium trade in Afghanistan and the opium trade as a non-traditional security threat in Afghanistan. This article uses descriptive analysis of data obtained from books, journals, and mass media. In this study, there are two important points that obtained. First, the opium business which is a source of funding for the Taliban group is one of the main causes of the continuing acts of terrorism in Afghanistan and a source of various transnational crimes. Second, the opium trade and terrorism are non-traditional security threats that occur due to a combination of opium trade and acts of terrorism which have implications for the internal and external areas of Afghanistan.

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SOUZA, GEORGE BRYAN. "Opium and the Company: Maritime Trade and Imperial Finances on Java, 1684–1796." Modern Asian Studies 43, no. 1 (2009): 113–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x0700337x.

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AbstractWhile trade in opium was of limited financial significance in the eighteenth century to the larger accounts of the Dutch East India Company as a whole, this article shows its critical importance to the Company's comptoir accounts at Batavia. The article examines the VOC's commercial operations at Batavia in the eighteenth century and places opium trade and opium revenues within that larger context. It examines how the trade in Bengal opium through Batavia changed over time, based on a statistical analysis of the Company's accounts. These results show that opium dwarfed all other individual or groups of commodities that were available to the Company to sell profitably on Java and in the Indonesian Archipelago over the long eighteenth century.

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Canton-Alvarez, Jose A. "From Reluctance to Reliance: Opium Smuggling in 18th-Century Macao." Journal of the Economic and Social History of the Orient 67, no. 1-2 (2024): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685209-12341614.

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Abstract This paper critically appraises the role of the opium trade in the politics of 18th-century Macao. By examining previously unexplored Portuguese accounts on opium smuggling, this study contributes new insights into the shift in attitudes of the Macanese authorities towards the opium trade in this period, which subsequently aided further European opium smuggling in the Pearl River Delta. Thus, this paper fills an important gap in our understanding of the transformation that took place in the period before opium became a bone of contention between the Qing dynasty and European powers, on the eve of the Opium Wars.

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Stepanov, Igor Nikolaevich. "American opium smuggling trade and John Jacob Astor." Genesis: исторические исследования, no. 10 (October 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-868x.2021.10.36620.

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The subject of this research is the activity of John Jacob Astor and his role in the American opium smuggling trade. Description is given to the differences between the American and British opium models in China. An attempt is made to determine the peculiarities of Astor's activity in the opium business. The article employs the following sources: works of the German historian Alexander Emmerich from the University of Augsburg dedicated to the American Germans and their fate in the United States; work of the American historian John (Jake) Chen on the history of Chinese diaspora in the United States; work of Jeff Goldberg who specialized in the history of psychotropic substances; article by the member of the Massachusetts School of History &nbsp;Fredrik Delano Grant, Jr. on the Roosevelt&rsquo; opium track&rsquo; text of the debate in the British Parliament of April 9, 1840. The novelty of this research lies in familiarization of the Russian-speaking audience with the problems of opium smuggling trade through the research works that have not been previously translated into the Russian language. The conducted analysis of the parliamentary debates in Great Britain determines the commonality of interests of the British and American opium traders with regards to China. The study confirmed the enormous fortune of John Jacob Astor in the American opium smuggling trade, although this type of commercial activity was not primary in his business. The article also describes his continued commercial activity (including opium) in the United States after leaving the Chinese market.

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Bailey, Warren, and Lan Truong. "Opium and Empire: Some Evidence from Colonial-Era Asian Stock and Commodity Markets." Journal of Southeast Asian Studies 32, no. 2 (2001): 173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002246340100008x.

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On the basis of a new database of stock and commodity prices, along with measures of government revenues, commodity exports and immigration, the article assesses the impact of the opium trade on the economies of colonial Malaya, the Netherlands Indies and China from 1873 to 1911. Stock returns for a few Malayan industries related to international trade are significantly correlated with opium price changes, as are prices for labour-intensive, Chinese-dominated export commodities such as tin and gambier. However, opium price changes explain, at most, only a small fraction of the behaviour of stock and commodity prices. On balance, stock and commodity markets ascribed only secondary importance to ups and downs in the opium trade as measured by the price of the drug.

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Nitesh, Sharma. "Pragmatics of Opium Trade: Tracing the Trajectory from Sea of Poppies till Contemporary Time in the Light of New Historicism." Criterion: An International Journal in English 15, no. 6 (2024): 249–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14605901.

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The inception of the British rule in the form of colonialism is chiefly traced from the late sixteenth century, gradually developed across the seventeenth and eighteenth century, and catapulted to heights in the nineteenth and early twentieth century with overseas possessions and maritime expansion for overseas trade to vie with France and other European powers. The empire’s expansion can be understood from the technologically-advanced trading posts like the East India Company to establish the trading monopoly of the goods that brought out lucrative consequences of the British endeavours in India. With the establishment of the British East India Company in 1600 in India, the country’s prominence as a significant textile-producing region gradually reduced to a major supplier of raw cotton, opium, indigo and tea. In the second half of the eighteenth century, the British Empire utilized opium to correct the trade imbalance with China since it was high in demand over there, a demand that was created by the British themselves. The importance of opium, which carried traditional medicinal value was transferred to becoming a commodity of widespread addiction and social upheaval, especially for China. It became a commodity of profitable trade for the British coupled with the rise of colonial injustice, imperialism, slave trade and indentured labour. This paper traces the pragmatics of the opium trade till the contemporary period, with a special focus on Amitav Ghosh’s <em>Sea of Poppies </em>(2008),<em> </em>highlighting the origin, development, and colonial history of opium in British India, and all by adopting a New Historicist framework. The article also takes into account the symbolic presence of opium in the novel, to explore the historical, cultural, and socio-political dimensions of the opium trade within the British Empire and the colonial legacy that still haunts the contemporary world. In addition to discussing subaltern voices, imperial power dynamics, and global capitalism, this analysis will demonstrate how <em>Sea of Poppies</em> functions as a literary re-creation of colonial history, offering valuable insights into the long-term consequences of the opium trade.

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Hodes, Cyrus, and Mark Sedra. "Chapter Three: The Opium Trade." Adelphi Papers 47, no. 391 (2007): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/05679320701737505.

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Rozaini Ahmad and Mohd Annas Shafiq Ayob. "Penglibatan Orang Cina dalam Perniagaan Candu di Kedah (1907–1934): Satu Analisis Interim." KEMANUSIAAN The Asian Journal of Humanities 32, no. 1 (2025): 147–65. https://doi.org/10.21315/kajh2025.32.1.8.

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Opium became a commodity brought into Malaya on a large scale by the Chinese beginning in the early 18th century. The high demand for opium, especially in Kedah, allowed the opium market to be dominated by the Chinese. However, the arrival of the British broke the Chinese monopoly on the opium trade. This article discusses the role of the Chinese community in the opium trade in Kedah from 1907 to 1934. This research highlights the content analysis method as the main method of collecting data on the history of the Chinese in Kedah through the National Archives of Malaysia for the analysis of data on the role and contribution of the Chinese in the opium trade sector. The results of the study found that based on the Kedah government report records, the Chinese were actively involved in the opium trade starting at the end of the 19th century. Before the arrival of the British, the Chinese had to get permission from the Kedah government to run an opium business with a leasing system. Next, they invested capital to develop the opium business sector, resulting in the existence of opium farms and opium shops and became entrepreneurs and owners of opium shops. Most opium leases were monopolised by the Chinese, but the opium business was tightly controlled by the government after the arrival of the British with the establishment of the Monopoly and Customs Department. As a result, several policies involving the opium business were introduced by the government, causing a decline in Chinese involvement in the opium business. Candu menjadi satu komoditi yang dibawa masuk ke Tanah Melayu secara besar-besaran oleh orang Cina bermula pada awal kurun ke-18. Permintaan terhadap candu yang tinggi khususnya di Kedah membolehkan pasaran candu dikuasai oleh orang Cina. Namun begitu, kedatangan British telah memecahkan monopoli perniagaan candu oleh orang Cina. Artikel ini membincangkan peranan masyarakat Cina dalam perniagaan candu di Kedah dari tahun 1907 sehingga 1934. Penelitian ini mengetengahkan metode analisis kandungan sebagai metode utama pengumpulan data berkenaan sejarah orang Cina di Kedah melalui Arkib Negara Malaysia bagi penganalisisan data berkenaan peranan dan sumbangan orang Cina dalam sektor perniagaan candu. Hasil kajian mendapati bahawa berdasarkan rekod laporan kerajaan Kedah, orang Cina terlibat secara aktif dalam perdagangan candu bermula pada penghujung abad ke-19. Sebelum kedatangan British, orang Cina perlu mendapat kebenaran dari pemerintah Kedah bagi menjalankan perniagaan candu dengan sistem pajakan. Seterusnya, orang Cina menanamkan modal untuk membangunkan sektor perniagaan candu menyebabkan wujudnya ladang candu dan kedai candu, dan seterusnya menjadi pengusaha dan pemilik kedai-kedai candu. Kebanyakan pajakan candu dimonopoli oleh orang Cina, namun perniagaan candu dikawal ketat oleh kerajaan setelah kedatangan British dengan tertubuhnya Jabatan Monopoli dan Kastam. Kesannya, beberapa polisi membabitkan perniagaan candu diperkenalkan oleh kerajaan menyebabkan kemerosotan penglibatan orang Cina dalam perniagaan candu.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Opium trade"

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Cheung, Tsui-ping Lucy. "The opium monopoly in Hong Kong, 1844-1887 /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1986. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B12324814.

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Bakhala, Franklin. "Indian opium and Sino-Indian trade relations 1801-1858." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389672.

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Cheung, Tsui-ping Lucy, and 張翠屛. "The opium monopoly in Hong Kong, 1844-1887." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1986. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B12324814.

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(Uncorrected OCR) Abstract of thesis entitled 'The Opium Monopoly in Hong Kong, 1844 - 1887', submitted by CHEUNG TSUI PING, LUCY for the degree of MASTER OF PHILOSOPHY at the University of Hong Kong in SEPTEMBER, 1986. The period between 1884 - 1887 was one of rapid consolidations following the establishment of Hong Kong as a British Crown Colony. The British colonial administration and the local mercantile community began to establish a firm base for a major commodity - opium. My thesis examines in detail the initiation and development of the monopoly/farm. This internal, small- - scale retail sale of opium was handled by Chinese hongs. The monopoly/farm was the colonial government's device to raise revenue through granting the right to the highest bidder to sell a certain amount of opium within Hong Kong. Although small in scale, the opium monopoly/farm had been a vital source of income to the colonial administration since its inception in 1844.�Besides being an important source of revenue indispensable to the smooth running of a government, the monopoly/farm created social and economic repercussions within the Chinese communities in Hong Kong which brought about far-reaching results in the history of the colony during its formative years. Moreover, the opium monopoly/farm produced a number of wealthy Chinese businessmen in Hong Kong. Some of them, especially those in the 1870s and 1880s, were men of philanthropic disposition and they were socially involved in such a way that they became part of the channel of communication between the Hong Kong government and the Chinese communities. ii<br>abstract<br>toc<br>History<br>Master<br>Master of Philosophy

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Salvi, Tiziana. "The last fifty years of legal opium in Hong Kong, 1893-1943." Thesis, Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31326353.

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Padwa, Howard Philip. "Narcotics vs. the nation the culture and politics of opiate control in Britain and France, 1821-1926 /." Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1610056031&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Ahmad, Diana Lynn. ""Caves of oblivion" : opium dens and exclusion laws, 1850-1882 /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9842505.

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Meehan, Patrick. "The political economy of the opium/heroin trade in Shan State, Myanmar, 1988-2012." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 2016. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/22807/.

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This thesis examines the relationship between processes of state consolidation and the illicit opium/heroin economy in Shan State since 1988. Over the past twenty-five years, the government of Myanmar (Burma) has established greater authority over large parts of Shan State, neutralizing much of the threat posed by armed groups and strengthening its hold over revenue extraction. During this period Myanmar has retained its position as the world's second largest producer of illicit opium/heroin, the majority of which is produced in Shan State. This thesis seeks to answer the overarching research question: What role has the opium/heroin economy played in fortifying and/or fragmenting processes of state consolidation in Shan State, Myanmar, in the period since 1988? In addressing this question, my study tests the hypothesis that rather than necessarily being a cause of disorder and state breakdown, illegal drug economies can play an important role in processes of state consolidation. In order to test this hypothesis I break down my overarching research question into four sub-questions: First, why have the Shan borderlands with China and Thailand become central to the government's statebuilding aspirations? Second, what strategies has the government deployed in order to extend its power and authority in borderland regions? Third, how have these strategies been imposed, resisted and brokered within the Shan borderlands? Fourth, what is the relationship between contested processes of state consolidation and the drug economy in Shan State in the period since 1988? In addressing these questions I argue that it is increasingly anachronistic to view the drug economy narrowly as part of the insurgent war economy. Alongside the continued role it plays in financing armed opposition to the government, the drug trade has also become deeply embedded within processes of illiberal state consolidation and capitalist development. Through an analysis of the specific spatial dynamics of power relations, material interests and institutional arrangements, this study renders visible the messy and fragmented multiplicity of motivations and actors (including insurgents, ceasefire groups, the military, government-sanctioned militias, national and transnational investors, and local populations) which have shaped changing configurations of power across Shan State. In doing so, it provides new ways to account for the uneven political topography of the Myanmar state, the repertoires of violence enacted across Shan State and the different kinds of 'institutions of extraction' that have emerged around borderland resources.

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Lambertus, Joshua John. "Analysis of Taliban revenue and the importance of the opium trade to the insurgency." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/5782.

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Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.<br>The current Taliban insurgency in Afghanistan has multiple funding sources. The importance of the opium production and smuggling has been touted as essential to the continuation of the Taliban insurgency in today's media. This thesis aims to understand the true value of the opium trade to the Taliban and to explore alternative revenues sources for the Taliban both inside and from outside of Afghanistan and whether the opium trade is essential to sustain the current level of activity by the insurgency. The problem that the coalition faces is not as one-dimensional as is portrayed in the media when it comes to financially crippling the Taliban insurgency. It is also important to break down the complex situation the population in Afghanistan faces and how this contributes to the growth of the opium production. Understanding the tribal, agricultural and governmental factors helps to determine the true nature of the opium trade. Media sources often equate the Taliban and the essential link to the opium trade, coercion of the populous and opium revenue as critical factors for the success of the Taliban. The Taliban have had a mixed history in their tolerance of opium production and poppy cultivation. During their control of 95 percent of Afghanistan from 1996 through 2001, they moved from tolerating poppy cultivation to imposing a complete ban. After the coalition invasion and the Taliban resurgence as an insurgency they have encouraged poppy cultivation in the areas they exert control over. However, the revenue from the opium is not the only revenue source, and the other revenue sources are quite significant and surprising. In addition the history of Afghanistan is rife with examples of the nature of funding for warfare, which need to be understood as a cultural norm. Ultimately this thesis aims to demonstrate that the focus of coalition efforts to interdict opium trafficking should not be their main focus, rather only the successful training and implementation of local competent security forces will affect the funding revenue from both narcotics and the myriad of other illicit sources.

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Ma, Guang. "Conflicts of interest : the opium problem in Guangdong, 1858-1917." Thesis, University of Macau, 2010. http://umaclib3.umac.mo/record=b2536990.

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Feder, Daniel. "The influence of the drug trade on economic globalization." Thesis, Boston University, 2002. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/28566.

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Boston University. University Professors Program Senior theses.<br>PLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.<br>This paper will show that the trade in psychoactive substances has in fact been a major facilitator of the process now known as globalization. Not only has the drug trade fed off of globalization, globalization feeds off of and is driven by it. The perspective I will take here is a historical one. My thesis, that the drug trade has been an influential force on what is known as "globalization," is a reevaluation of the relationship between three historical processes: 1} The development over several centuries of a global system for the production, trade, and distribution of drugs 2} The "cold war" for economic and geopolitical hegemony between capitalist and communist power structures 3} The development and expansion of a global economic system, known in its current liberal phase as "globalization"<br>2031-01-02

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Books on the topic "Opium trade"

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Miron, Jeffrey A. The opium wars, opium legalization, and opium consumption in China. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Miron, Jeffrey A. The opium wars, opium legalization, and opium consumption in China. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2005.

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Basu, Kunal. The opium clerk. Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2001.

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Martin, Booth. Opium: A history. Simon & Schuster, 1996.

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Basu, Kunal. The opium clerk. Phoenix, 2002.

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Kunal, Basu. The Opium clerk. Penguin, 2001.

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Zoe, Hunter, Oakley Robert B. 1931-, and National Defense University. Institute for National Strategic Studies, eds. Combating opium in Afghanistan. Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, 2006.

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Ward, Christopher. Afghanistan's opium drug economy. World Bank, 2004.

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Khana Kammakān hǣng Sāt Lāo phư̄a Kūatkā læ Khūapkhum Yāsēptit, ed. Laos opium survey 2005. United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime, 2005.

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Butel, Paul. L' opium, histoire d'une fascination. Perrin, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "Opium trade"

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Motono, Eiichi. "Conflict over the Opium Trade." In Conflict and Cooperation in Sino-British Business, 1860–1911. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403932808_5.

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Gelber, Harry G. "It’s More Than Trade, Stupid! Canton 1835–38." In Opium, Soldiers and Evangelicals. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230000704_3.

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Nankoe, Hakiem, Jean-Claude Gerlus, and Martin J. Murray. "The Origins of the Opium Trade and the Opium Regie in Colonial Indochina." In The Rise and Fall of Revenue Farming. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-22877-5_11.

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Gutierrez, Eric D. U. "The strange bedfellows of the illicit drug trade." In Rethinking Illicit Economies in Opium and Cocaine. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003396642-2.

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Das, Rup Narayan. "Opium Trade and Unequal Treaties: The Birth of Hong Kong." In The Hong Kong Conundrum. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003364986-1.

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Wang, Kai. "Review of Urban Spatial Development History in Modern China." In Urban Sustainability. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7729-7_4.

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AbstractThe Opium War in 1840 ushered in the era of semi-feudal and semi-colonial society in China. The capitalist invaders forced the Qing government to sign a series of unequal treaties, helping them open the door to China, which led to the development of commerce and trade in the coastal port cities. Against the background of “Westernization Movement”, national capitalism also developed to a certain extent, leading to the rapid development of the industrial and commercial cities along the coast.

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De Angeli, Aglaia. "Captured Glimpses of Modernity and War in Late Qing China." In Connessioni. Studies in Transcultural History. Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0242-8.11.

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This chapter evaluates the role of photography in witnessing the modernising process in China during the late Qing period and conflicts which stemmed from it. The camera, introduced in China during the First Opium War (1839–1842), allowed Western eyes to record the establishment of trade routes and associated facilities. The photos examined here were taken immediately before and during the Russo-Japanese War. The photographs appear to have been focusing on technological developments in trade infrastructure, but they also captured the conspicuous Japanese and Russian military presence. Consequently, the photographs reveal the Western role in the “development” of China by its incorporation into global trading networks and violent conflicts fought over control of this infrastructure.

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Gao, Hao. "Imagining the Opium Trade: Britain’s Justification for the First Anglo-Chinese War." In Imagining Britain’s Economic Future, c.1800–1975. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71297-0_2.

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Devine, T. M. "Addicting the Dragon? Jardine, Matheson & Co in the China Opium Trade." In The Scottish Experience in Asia, c.1700 to the Present. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43074-4_10.

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McCoy, Alfred W. "Heroin as a Global Commodity: A History of Southeast Asia's Opium Trade." In War on Drugs. Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429268557-13.

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Conference papers on the topic "Opium trade"

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LIU, WENQING. "STUDY ON CROSS-CULTURAL COMMUNICATION FUNCTION OF NORTH-CHINA HERALD IN THE 1860S." In 2023 9TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON SOCIAL SCIENCE. Destech Publications, Inc., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/isss2023/36072.

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North China Herald is the first commercial English newspaper founded by British businessmen in Shanghai. Its editorial group is closely related to the British business community. Based on the historical materials of North China Herald's newspapers and magazines, this study discusses the role of public opinion in modern British trade with China and analyzes the basic views of foreign businessmen on China. Focusing on the interpretation of the historical materials of the North China Herald, this paper collates the public opinion of the North China Herald towards China after the Second Opium War, studies the changes in the attitude and position of foreign businessmen towards China at that time, and judges the function realization of North China Herald in cross-cultural communication.

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Reports on the topic "Opium trade"

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Keller, Wolfgang, Ben Li, and Carol Shiue. Shanghai's Trade, China's Growth: Continuity, Recovery, and Change since the Opium War. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17754.

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