Relevant bibliographies by topics / Optional Protocol

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Optional Protocol'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 3 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Optional Protocol"

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Lee, Yanghee. "Communications procedure under the Convention on the Rights of the Child: 3rd Optional Protocol." International Journal of Children's Rights 18, no. 4 (2010): 567–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181810x527239.

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AbstractThe adoption of the Convention on the Rights of the Child by the UN General Assembly in 1989 marked a shift in paradigm from viewing children as the possession of parents and objects of welfare to individuals with rights. At the outset of the second millennium, two optional protocols to the Convention (Optional Protocol on Children in Armed Conflict and Optional Protocol on Sale of Children, Child Prostitution, Child Pornography) were adopted in 2000. The need for a communications procedure was suggested from the very beginning of the drafting process. This article will discuss develop
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Happold, Matthew. "The Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict." Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law 3 (December 2000): 226–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1389135900000635.

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On 25 May 2000, the United Nations General Assembly, adopted, without a vote, the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict (‘the Optional Protocol’). The adoption of the Optional Protocol was the culmination of a long process, extending over some ten years and originating in the dissatisfaction felt by a number of states and NGOs at the level of protection afforded to children by the 1989 Convention on the Rights of the Child (‘the CRC’). The Optional Protocol marks a significant step towards the prohibition of the recruitm
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Stohl, Rachel. "Children in conflict: assessing the Optional Protocol." Conflict, Security & Development 2, no. 02 (2002): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14678800200590614.

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Sokhi-Bulley, B. "The Optional Protocol to CEDAW: First Steps." Human Rights Law Review 6, no. 1 (2006): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hrlr/ngi029.

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Bijnsdorp, Mireille G. E. "The Strength of the Optional Protocol to the United Nations Women's Convention." Netherlands Quarterly of Human Rights 18, no. 3 (2000): 329–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/092405190001800303.

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The article contains an analysis of the potential strength of the Optional Protocol to the United Nations Women's Convention. This Protocol was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in October 1999. The author discusses five stricking aspects (elements) of this new Protocol: the scope of the standing provision; the scope ratione materiae of the Protocol; the power of CEDAW to impose interim measures; the introduction of an inquiry procedure; and finally the prohibition of reservations. The author concludes that these five elements reveal a potentially strong Optional Protocol which co
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Hodson, L. "Women's Rights and the Periphery: CEDAW's Optional Protocol." European Journal of International Law 25, no. 2 (2014): 561–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ejil/chu027.

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Jones, Ashley, Cynthia Torkel, David Stanley, Jamila Nasim, Justin Borevitz, and Benjamin Schwessinger. "High-molecular weight DNA extraction, clean-up and size selection for long-read sequencing." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (2021): e0253830. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253830.

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Rapid advancements in long-read sequencing technologies have transformed read lengths from bps to Mbps, which has enabled chromosome-scale genome assemblies. However, read lengths are now becoming limited by the extraction of pure high-molecular weight DNA suitable for long-read sequencing, which is particularly challenging in plants and fungi. To overcome this, we present a protocol collection; high-molecular weight DNA extraction, clean-up and size selection for long-read sequencing. We optimised a gentle magnetic bead based high-molecular weight DNA extraction, which is presented here in de
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Dolan, Chris. "The Optional Protocol: in the best interest of whom?" Conflict, Security & Development 2, no. 02 (2002): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14678800200590615.

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Spronk, Sarah. "Realizing Children’s Right to Health." International Journal of Children’s Rights 22, no. 1 (2014): 189–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718182-55680013.

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This contribution sketches the background and development of the Optional Protocol on a Communications Procedure for Children under the Convention on the Rights of the Child. It analyzes the additional value of the Optional Protocol for realizing children’s right to health. It does so by analyzing how children’s right to participation is integrated in the Protocol and how this influences the possibility to make complaints on deficits in realizing economic, social and cultural rights, most specifically children’s right to health. It concludes by suggesting ways to strengthen opportunities for c
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Haldız, Ayse Cebecioglu. "The Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 6, no. 1 (2017): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v6i1.p37-44.

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An Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) was adopted by the UN General Assembly on 10 December 2008 and it came into force on 5 May 2013. The protocol gives individuals the right to raise complaints about violations of their rights which are enshrined by the covenant. Although, an optional protocol regulating the complaint procedure for its sister treaty, the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, was entered into force in 1976, it was postponed for ICESCR until 2013 because of the historic debate discussing whether thes
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Optional Protocol"

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Holmes, Erin. "The Politics of Torture, Human Rights, and Oversight: The Canadian Experience with the UN's Optional Protocol to the Convention Against Torture (OPCAT)." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23800.

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Torture has long been denounced by the international community; the need to protect citizens from abuse at the hands of the state is a principle enshrined in international law. One area where abuse is common is within the correctional system and as a result, there is a need for oversight in places of detention. The Optional Protocol to the UN’s Convention Against Torture (OPCAT) is an international human rights instrument that acts as a preventive measure to monitor all places of detention through regular visits. Supportive of the OPCAT since its adoption, Canada has considered signature/ratif
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Larsson, Kajsa. "Barns rätt till individuell klagorätt : En analys av för- och nackdelar med ett svenskt ratificerande av barnkonventionens tredje tilläggsprotokoll." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-443563.

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There are three Optional Protocols to the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child. The first one is about children in armed conflict and the second about the Sale of children, Child Prostitution and Child Pornography. The third Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the Child, which was adopted by the UN in 2011, provides children with an international complaints mechanism to address violations on their rights. The third Optional Protocol is ratified by close to fifty states, but Sweden has neither ratified or signed the protocol - despite pressure both nationally and internatio
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Gavrilovic, Bojan [Verfasser], and Markus [Akademischer Betreuer] Kotzur. "Universal Panacea for Ill-treatment or Much Ado About Nothing : Assessment of National Mechanisms for the Prevention of Torture Established Under the Optional Protocol to the UN Convention against Torture / Bojan Gavrilovic ; Betreuer: Markus Kotzur." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1192912993/34.

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Poulatova, Chaditsa. "Protecting children in war and armed conflict : an examination of the UN's processes for implementing the Convention on the Rights of the Child and the optional protocol on the Involvement of Children in Armed Conflict." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.548010.

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Galliker, Doris. "The potential impact of the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights on the realisation of socio-economic rights in the international arena: what can be learnt from the justiciability of socio-economic rights in South Africa?" Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4694.

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The Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (the 'Optional Protocol' or the 'OP-ICESCR') has recently been adopted by the General Assembly of the United Nations. This document establishes a new complaints procedure for economic, social and cultural rights ('ESCR') within the United Nations human rights system. Hence, those rights ' as it is already the case for civil and political rights (CPR) ' will become quasi-justiciable at international level. Once the Optional Protocol will enter into force, individuals and groups victims of violations of a
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Vanier, Fiona Olivia. "An evaluation of the process engineering options for a multi step biotransformation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300042.

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Ackermann, Marilize. "An assessment of South Africa's obligations under the United Nations Convention against torture." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/2638.

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Magister Legum - LLM<br>I attempt to analyze South Africa's legal position pertaining to torture, in relation to the international legal framework. Since it has been established that torture and cruel inhuman and degrading treatment (CIDT) usually occur in situations where persons are deprived of personal liberty, I examine legislation, policies and practices applicable to specific places of detention, such as correctional centres, police custody, repatriation centers, mental health care facilities and child and youth care centers. I establish that although South Africa has ratified the UNCAT
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Semenets, Natasha. "“Girls for sale” : Understanding the difficulties in protecting girls in Nepal from being exploited for prostitution." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-384403.

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The number of girls that are being exploited for prostitution in Nepal has increased in recent years, and girls suffer a high risk of being exposed when they come from already poorly conditions. Previously, uneducated girls could be found in the adult entertainment sector, but nowadays even educated girls are being exploited. This thesis aims to gain further understanding to why girls are being exposed and why it is difficult to protect them. By conducting qualitive interviews with employees from several NGOs working to protect girls from being exploited for prostitution, insights has been giv
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Höhne, Niklas. "What is next after the Kyoto Protocol? : assessment of options for international climate policy post 2012 /." Amsterdam : Techne Press, 2006. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0735/2007369092-b.html.

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Mannheimer, Clara. "Barns rätt att hävda sina rättigheter i Sverige - En argumentationsanalys om barnkonventionens klagomålsmekanism." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23809.

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Abstrakt:Barnkonventionen var länge den enda av FN:s kärnkonventioner som inte hade någon klagomålsmekanism, men år 2014 trädde en sådan mekanism i kraft. Denna C-uppsats ämnar belysa diskursen kring barnkonventionens tredje tilläggsprotokoll, om en individuell klagorätt för barn. Detta görs med hjälp av metoden argumentationsanalys, genom fallet Sverige. I uppsat¬sen analyseras pro-argumenten i diskursen, om huruvida barn har rätt till en klagomålmekanism. Då bedöms även dessa pro-arguments rimlighet och hållbarhet. Teorierna som kopplas till metoden är: viljeteorin, intresseteorin, maktteori
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Books on the topic "Optional Protocol"

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United Nations. Human Rights Committee. Selected decisions under the optional protocol. United Nations, 1990.

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Vandewiele, Tiny. Optional protocol: The involvement of children in armed conflicts. Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, 2006.

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United Nations. Human Rights Committee. Human Rights Committee: Selected decisions under the optional protocol. United Nations., 1985.

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Elina, Steinerte, Evans, Malcolm D. (Malcolm David), 1959-, and Hallo de Wolf Antenor, eds. The Optional Protocol to the UN Convention Against Torture. Oxford, 2011.

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Committee, United Nations Human Rights. Selected decisions under the optional protocol: Second to sixteenth sessions. United Nations, 1985.

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India. National Commission for Protection of Child Rights. Convention on the Rights of the Child: With optional protocol. National Commission for Protection of Child Rights, 2012.

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United Nations. Human Rights Committee. Selected decisions under the optional protocol: Second to sixteenth sessions. United Nations, 1985.

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United Nations. Human Rights Committee. Selected decisions of the Human Rights Committee under the Optional Protocol. United Nations, 2004.

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Centre, UNICEF Innocenti Research. Handbook on the optional protocol on the sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography. UNICEF Innocenti Research Centre, 2009.

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Sullivan, Donna J. Overview of the rule requiring the exhaustion of domestic remedies under the optional protocol to CEDAW. International Women's Rights Action Watch Asia Pacific, 2008.

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Book chapters on the topic "Optional Protocol"

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Della Fina, Valentina. "The Individual Communications Procedure Under the Optional Protocol." In The Committee on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39415-7_6.

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Patricia, Schulz, Halperin-Kaddari Ruth, Rudolf Beate, and Freeman Marsha A. "Optional Protocol." In The UN Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women and its Optional Protocol. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192862815.003.0034.

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This chapter explores the Optional Protocol (OP) to the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW), which was adopted by consensus by the UN General Assembly (UNGA) on 6 October 1999. As of 31 December 2021, 114 States from all regions of the world were party to the Protocol, thereby enabling individuals or groups of individuals claiming to be victims of violations of the Convention by those States parties to complain of the alleged violations to the CEDAW Committee. The OP also invests the Committee with competence to conduct an inquiry into reliable al
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Stephanie, Krisper. "National Preventive Mechanism." In The United Nations Convention Against Torture and its Optional Protocol. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198846178.003.0039.

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This chapter discusses Article 3 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, covering the chronology of draft texts, analysis of Working Group discussions, and issues of interpretation. Article 3 of the Optional Protocol introduces the national visiting body of the Optional Protocol's two-pillar system by obliging the States parties to set up, designate, or maintain one or more domestic visiting bodies for the pevention of torture and other ill-treatment, referred to as a national preventive mechanism. This obligatio
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"Procedure Under the Optional Protocol." In Defining Civil and Political Rights. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315576244-6.

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Tina, Stavrinaki. "Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities." In The UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198810667.003.0052.

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This chapter examines the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). The Optional Protocol was adopted along with the CRPD on 13 December 2006 by the United Nations General Assembly, and entered into force on 3 May 2008. The Optional Protocol establishes the competence of the Committee on the Rights of the Persons with Disabilities to examine individual complaints with regard to alleged violations of the Convention by states parties to the Optional Protocol, and to undertake inquiries in case of reliable evidence of grave and systematic violations of
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Vandenhole, Wouter, Gamze Erdem Türkelli, and Sara Lembrechts. "OPTIONAL PROTOCOL ON A COMMUNICATIONS PROCEDURE." In Children’s Rights. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4337/9781035316847.00059.

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Thornberry, Patrick. "Article 27 and the Optional Protocol." In International Law and the Rights of Minorities. Oxford University PressOxford, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198256205.003.0023.

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Abstract The first ‘case’ under the Protocol with Article 27 as its focal point appears in the Human Rights Committee’s report for 1981. Cases such as Lovelacev. Canadacontribute to the interpretation of the Covenant and provide contemporary illustrations of the practical difficulties in implementing any general principle of minority protection. The original ‘communication’ from Sandra Lovelace who was born and registered as a ‘Maliseet Indian’ is dated 29 December 1977. The substance of the complaint was that she lost her status and rights as an Indian in accordance with the Indian Act of Can
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Goldrick, Dominic Mc. "The Optional Protocol to the ICCPR." In The Human Rights Committee. Oxford University PressOxford, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198252788.003.0005.

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Abstract 4.1 This chapter examines the work of the HRC in implementing the OP to the ICCPR. A right of petition (communication) to or against governments is of long historical standing both in national and international law. Proposals to include such a right in the international bill of rights proved controversial. That controversy is briefly examined in section A. Section B concerns the structure and terms of the OP. Section C deals with the status of the OP and of communications submitted under it. Section D examines in detail how the practices and procedures of the HRC have developed the st
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Stephanie, Krisper. "System of Preventive Visits to Places of Detention." In The United Nations Convention Against Torture and its Optional Protocol. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198846178.003.0037.

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This chapter discusses Article 1 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, covering the chronology of draft texts, analysis of Working Group discussions, and issues of interpretation. Article 1 of the Optional Protocol defines the objective of the Protocol by highlighting its main features: First, the Optional Protocol creates a two-pillar system by visits being carried out by both international and national mechanisms. Second, the obligation of States parties to permit regular visits to places of detention is esta
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Stephanie, Krisper. "Relation to Regional Systems of Preventive Visits to Places of Detention." In The United Nations Convention Against Torture and its Optional Protocol. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198846178.003.0067.

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This chapter discusses Article 31 of the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment, covering the chronology of draft texts, analysis of Working Group discussions, and issues of interpretation. This provision reflects the principle of cooperation, which is at the heart of the Optional Protocol's preventive approach. It aims to ensure not only that the work of other monitoring bodies in the field of torture prevention shall not be undermined by the Subcommittee on Prevention (SPT), but also that the experiences gained so far
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Conference papers on the topic "Optional Protocol"

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Barragán, Miguel Mateus, Miguel Antonio Manrique Rojas, and José Alexander Estevez Lizarazo. "FBE Test Protocol for Temperatures up to 150°C." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01535.

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Abstract The exploration and production of deeper oilfields over the past six years has demonstrated an increase in temperature of around 40°C, raising the pipelines temperature up to 120°C. It appears that operating temperatures will continue to increase. Steel pipelines for hydrocarbon transportation have always been protected from corrosion through a coating system. Fusion bonded epoxy coatings, in combination with cathodic protection have been established as the best protective option for many years. Nowadays, failure of FBE coating systems is a fact, due to the increase in temperature of
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Gilliland, Gary. "Architectural Enablement for Time Sensitive Communications." In Vertical Flight Society 80th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0080-2024-1062.

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Deos includes an industry standard lightweight TCP/IP stack (LwIP) with a DAL-A sockets library so it can provide data transport during in flight or on ground as part of its standard package. While it may have high data integrity (e.g., through CRC or other such mechanisms), TCP/IP over Ethernet is a non-deterministic protocol. As such, it is not suitable for avionics applications that require determinism or high robustness. In contrast, there are several are several redundant and deterministic data network technologies such as ARINC-664/AFDX, time triggered ethernet (TTE), and time sensitive
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Harris, George, Cedric D. Adams, and James D. Garber. "Use of a Corrosion Prediction Program as an Engineering Tool." In CORROSION 1997. NACE International, 1997. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1997-97607.

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Abstract The development of an accurate and user friendly computer model for the prediction of tubing life in gas condensate wells has led to its use as a tool for engineering applications. The USL Corrosion Model Phase V-version 2 provides the user with an accurate physical description of the flowing conditions inside a gas well in addition to the predicted tubing life. This information can be used to assist in determining the mechanism which is responsible for the predicted corrosion rate. With this kind of information, the engineer can then run “what if” scenarios to estimate the effect var
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Specht, Fred R. "Control Systems for Induction Heat Treating: Obsolete Methods and the Newest Designs." In HT 2013, edited by B. Lynn Ferguson. ASM International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ht2013p0081.

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Abstract This paper examines the evolution and current state of induction heat-treating system controls, ranging from the rudimentary timer and push-button configurations to sophisticated computer systems integrating color touch screens with programmable logic controllers (PLCs). It addresses the challenges of maintaining aging systems, particularly when obsolete components such as PLCs, monitors, or keypads fail and halt production. The discussion encompasses replacement options, upgrade pathways, and emerging control technology and software trends. The presentation provides a comprehensive o
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Hartt, William H. "Exposure Testing of Chloride Exposed Reinforced Concrete and Potential Misrepresentation of Service Performance." In CORROSION 2015. NACE International, 2015. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2015-05460.

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Abstract Exposure testing of concrete block or slab specimens by cyclic chloride ponding has been widely utilized for ranking or qualifying different reinforcement types and concrete mix designs and for projecting service performance. However, experimental issues such as inadequate bar end isolation, ponding bath leakage, and inappropriate specimen design and testing methodology can result in data that misrepresents long-term service performance. Further, the fact that most testing protocols employ cyclic chloride solution ponding can lead to erroneous ranking of different corrosion resistant
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Gregg, M. R., Weidong Li, and K. Bartrip. "Inhibitor Developments Managing Oxygen Degradation Corrosion on Carbon Steel Surfaces Immersed in Oxygen Saturated Brine." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03076.

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Abstract Pre-filmed carbon steel coupons immersed in corrosive oxygen saturated brine were studied at varying levels of shear stress. The laboratory evaluation assessed ‘batch applied’ inhibitor films for providing mitigating benefits against oxygen degradation corrosion. Test protocols were designed to simulate a field pipeline environment in Western Canada challenging ‘continuous injection type’ corrosion control strategies, using Zinc / phosphate chemistry for protecting carbon steel assets from further oxygen corrosion damage. The percent protection afforded by the batch filming inhibitors
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Walker, Cameron, Randy Moore, and David Walker. "Implications of NSF Std. 61 Changes and an Asset Management-Based Data Driven Protocol for Potable Water Coatings Selection." In CONFERENCE 2022. AMPP, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2022-18026.

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Abstract The National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) has recently revised the NSF/ANSI/CAN Std. 61 “Drinking Water System Components –Health Effects Standard” resulting in the creation of a new standard, NSF/ANSI/CAN Std. 600 “Health Effects Evaluation and Criteria for Chemicals in Drinking Water”. This results in changes in potable water asset owners’ options for protective coating systems. As well, in June 2021 AWWA published a new revision of the AWWA D102-21 Coating Steel Water-Storage Tanks. Many owners fail to realize a protective coatings system is itself an asset, and asset management pri
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Addis, Thu Tran, Andy Bodington, Carmen Fonseca, and Benjamin T. A. Chang. "Evaluation of Offshore Coating Systems on Pitted Stainless Steels." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-10487.

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Abstract External pitting corrosion is a serious concern for offshore stainless steel vessels, tanks and piping. Protective coating is an economic option to mitigate the pitting corrosion of offshore stainless steels. However, in the literature, there is a lack of publications on the selection of proper coating systems on pitted stainless steels to minimize pitting growth and prevent new pitting formation. The objective of this study was to 1) develop a test protocol to test coating performance on pitted stainless steel 2) compare the performance of protective coating systems on various surfac
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Chughtai, Omer, Nasreen Badruddin, and Azlan Awang. "Distributed on-demand multi-optional routing protocol in multi-hop wireless networks." In TENCON 2014 - 2014 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2014.7022284.

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Xinli Zhou, Tong Xi, and Anglv Wang. "A fast and low-consumption security protocol with optional off-line readers." In 2012 IEEE 14th International Conference on Communication Technology (ICCT). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icct.2012.6511289.

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Reports on the topic "Optional Protocol"

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Mirsky, G., X. Min, H. Nydell, R. Foote, A. Masputra, and E. Ruffini. Simple Two-Way Active Measurement Protocol Optional Extensions. RFC Editor, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc8972.

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Li, C., H. Zheng, and S. Litkowski. Extension for Stateful PCE to Allow Optional Processing of Path Computation Element Communication Protocol (PCEP) Objects. RFC Editor, 2025. https://doi.org/10.17487/rfc9753.

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Cox-Ammann, Karah, Mirella Cortez, Eric Dinger, and Alexis Necarsulmer. Rocky intertidal monitoring: 2021–2022 results from Redwood National and State Parks. National Park Service, 2025. https://doi.org/10.36967/2309092.

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This report presents survey results from 2021 and 2022 for the rocky intertidal community at 3 sites at Redwood National and State Parks (RNSP) in Del Norte County, California. These sites are part of MARINe (Multi-Agency Rocky Intertidal Network), a regional intertidal monitoring network sponsored by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), with additional funding and support from local and state governments, universities, and private organizations (see www.marine.ucsc.edu). Funding for annual monitoring in RNSP is provided by the National Park Service (NPS) Klamath Network (KLMN) throug
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Ammann, Karah, Eric Dinger, and David Lohse. Rocky intertidal monitoring: 2019?2020 results from Redwood National and State Parks. National Park Service, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/2301673.

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This report presents the results of the monitoring surveys done in 2019 and 2020 of the rocky intertidal community at three sites within the Redwood National and State Parks (RNSP) in Del Norte County, California. These sites are part of MARINe (Multi-Agency Rocky Intertidal Network), a regional intertidal monitoring network sponsored by the Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), with additional funding and support from local and state governments, universities, and private organizations (see www.marine.ucsc.edu). Funding for annual monitoring in RNSP is provided by the National Park Servic
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Shamblin, Robert, Kevin Whelan, Mario Londono, and Judd Patterson. South Florida/Caribbean Network early detection protocol for exotic plants: Corridors of invasiveness. National Park Service, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2293364.

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Exotic plant populations can be potentially catastrophic to the natural communities of South Florida. Aggressive exotics such as Brazillian Pepper (Schinus terebinthifolius) and Melaleuca (Melaleuca quinquinervia) have displaced native habitats and formed monocultures of exotic stands (Dalrymple et al. 2003). Nearby plant nurseries, especially the ones outside the boundaries of Biscayne National Park (BISC) and Everglades National Park (EVER), are a continuous source of new exotic species that may become established within South Florida’s national parks. Early detection and rapid response to t
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Allende López, Marcos, and Adrián Pareja. Open configuration options GAS Distribution Protocol for Permissioned-Public Ethereum-Based Blockchain Networks. Edited by Alejandro Pardo and Mariana Gutierrez. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004243.

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This paper presents a protocol to manage decentralized access and use of Permissioned Public Blockchain Networks using Ethereum technology as the underlying protocol. It proposes a solution to avoid DDOS and enforce accountability while eliminating transaction fees. The protocol has been tested and implemented in the LACChain Blockchain Networks.
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Perkins, C., and E. Guttman. DHCP Options for Service Location Protocol. RFC Editor, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2610.

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Schulzrinne, H., and B. Volz. Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCPv6) Options for Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) Servers. RFC Editor, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3319.

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Boucadair, M., T. Reddy.K, and J. Shallow. Constrained Application Protocol (CoAP) Hop-Limit Option. RFC Editor, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc8768.

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Esquivel, Maricarmen, Tsuneki Hori, Sergio Lacambra Ayuso, et al. Index of Governance and Public Policy in Disaster Risk Management (iGOPP): Application Protocol. Inter-American Development Bank, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010634.

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The protocol describes in detail the necessary steps for the measurement of indicators, including the information to be compiled, the assessment process, recommendations and examples based on the application conducted, as well as on the experiences of other countries in the Region. Additionally, the protocol contains some hypothetical examples with situations that could be found in the countries and suggestions on options to collect information in different contexts. Also, in order to adapt its methodology and indicator assessment process, this protocol is sensitive to those legal/constitution
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