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Journal articles on the topic 'Phase of formation'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 28 May 2022

Last updated: 30 July 2025

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1

Barbier, Jacques, and Jörg Neuhausen. "Phase formation in the system (Ca,Sr)Al2O4." European Journal of Mineralogy 2, no. 3 (1990): 273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/ejm/2/3/0273.

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2

Syväjärvi, Mikael, L. Nasi, Gholam Reza Yazdi, et al. "Formation of Ferromagnetic SiC:Mn Phases." Materials Science Forum 483-485 (May 2005): 241–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.483-485.241.

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Ferromagnetic phases in as-grown SiC have been studied. An interpretation about the formation based on details of the phase appearance in the layers from optical microscopy, AFM, and TEM investigations is related to the growth. Some phases were found to have a nucleation at the edge of the phase and detailed TEM investigations show that the phases have an increased grain density at the edge while the main part of the phase is monocrystalline.

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3

Doland, C. M., and R. J. Nemanich. "Phase formation during reactive molybdenum-silicide formation." Journal of Materials Research 5, no. 12 (1990): 2854–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1990.2854.

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Silicide formation due to thermal treatment of thin (5–10 nm) molybdenum films on single-crystal, polycrystalline, and hydrogenated amorphous silicon substrates in the temperature range of 100 to 1000 °C was studied, with an emphasis on the initial interactions. The molybdenum deposition, annealing, and characterization using Raman scattering and Auger electron spectroscopy was carried out in UHV in order to minimize the effects of contaminants. Raman spectroscopy is used to distinguish between tetragonal (t-MoSi2) and hexagonal MoSi2 (h-MoSi2). The Raman spectrum of bulk tetragonal MoSi2 exhi

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4

Isaev, Vladimir A., and Olga V. Grishenkova. "Galvanostatic phase formation." Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 18, no. 9 (2014): 2383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10008-014-2489-9.

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5

Chen, Sinn-wen. "Phase stability, phase transformations, and reactive phase formation." JOM 61, no. 1 (2009): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-009-0012-z.

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6

Tanaka, Fumihiko. "Phase formation of associating polymers: gelation, phase separation and microphase formation." Advances in Colloid and Interface Science 63 (January 1996): 23–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0001-8686(95)00275-8.

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7

Lee, S. M., B. H. Kim, D. H. Kim, and W. T. Kim. "Quasicrystalline phase formation in Al62Cu22.5Fe12.5 and Al55Cu22.5Fe12.5Be7 alloys." Journal of Materials Research 16, no. 6 (2001): 1535–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2001.0213.

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Formation of the icosahedral quasicrystalline phase in conventionally cast Al62Cu25.5Fe12.5 and Al55Cu25.5Fe12.5Be7 alloys were investigated. The icosahedral phase (I-phase) forming ability was greatly improved by partial replacement of Al by 7 at.% Be. The as-cast Al55Cu25.5Fe12.5Be7 alloy consisted of dendritic primary I-phase and interdendritic τ-phase, whereas that of an as-cast Al62Cu25.5Fe12.5 alloy consisted of various phases such as the β-, I-, and τ-phases, together with a small amount of the λ- and η-phases. The kinetic barrier for transformation into single I-phase by heat treatment

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8

Tainaka, K., S. Fukazawa, H. Nishimori, M. Yokosawa, and S. Mineshige. "Spatial Pattern Formation of Interstellar Medium." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 134 (1993): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100014007.

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AbstractPopulation dynamics of multi-phased interstellar medium (ISM) is investigated by using the lattice model in position-fixed reaction. Interactions between three distinct phases of gas, cold clouds, warm gas, and hot gas give rise to cyclic phase changes in ISM. Such local phase changes are propagated in space, and stochastic steady-state spatial pattern is finally achieved. We obtain the following two characteristic patterns: (1)When the sweeping rate of a warm gas into a cold component is relatively high, cold clouds associated with warm gas form small-scale clumps and are dispersively

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9

Bendersky, L. A., F. S. Biancaniello, and R. J. Schaefer. "Amorphous phase formation in Al70Si17Fe13 alloy." Journal of Materials Research 2, no. 4 (1987): 427–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1987.0427.

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The alloy Al70Si17Fe13 was subjected to a range of rapid solidification conditions and the resulting microstructures were evaluated. It was found that when solidification was sufficiently rapid to bypass the formation of primary intermetallic phases, the alloy consisted of spherical regions of amorphous (or microquasicrystalline) material surrounded by a crystalline phase(s). This microstructure is interpreted as the result of solidification of the amorphous phase from the melt by a first-order transformation. The structure of the amorphous phase is different from that of a liquid (or usual me

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10

Zimakova, Galina, Valentina Solonina, Marina Zelig, and Viktor Orlov. "Effect of fine-grained components on concrete properties and structure formation." MATEC Web of Conferences 143 (2018): 02004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201814302004.

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The paper investigates the influence of fine-grained components on the synthesis of new formations and structure of cellular concrete. Grain size composition was defined with the aid of a laser diffraction analyzer of particles ANALYSETTE 22 NanoTecplus. The composition of the obtained hydrated phases was studied using electron microscopy and X-ray phase analysis. The introduction of silica and aluminosilicate components with the specific surface area >350 m2/kg enabled to directly influence the mechanism of the hydrated phases formation. Complex hydrated calcium aluminosilicates of the fra

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11

Cook, M., A. Lapi, and G. L. Granato. "Two-phase galaxy formation." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 397, no. 1 (2009): 534–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.14962.x.

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12

Fujita, Hiroshi. "Non-equilibrium phase formation." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 4 (1990): 506–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100175661.

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The most important advantage of EM’s is in situ experiments on detailed processes of the same phenomena that occur in bulk materials. In recent years, in situ experiments with HVEM’s, in particular with a 3MV ultra-HVEM , has made it possible to create non-equilibrium phases, which do not exist in nature, or to control and design materials on an atomic scale. Namely, HVEM’s have developed to “Micro-Laboratory”, in which various material-treatments can be done, for natural science from powerful tools for characterization and/or identification of materials.l.The General Rule for Solid Amorphizat

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13

Girin, Oleg. "ELECTROCHEMICAL POLYMORPHIC PHASE FORMATION IN METALS." Acta Metallurgica Slovaca 27, no. 3 (2021): 139–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.36547/ams.27.3.1011.

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The phenomenon of electrochemical phase formation in metals and alloys via a supercooled liquid state stage was discussed. Assuming the electrodeposited metal to be a product of formation and ultrarapid solidification of supercooled metallic liquid, a possibility of metastable phase formation during electrodeposition of polymorphous metals was suggested. It was anticipated that the polymorphic transition of the metal’s metastable form to the stable one occurs by shear, as does the martensitic transformation. To enable revealing an orientation relationship between grains of the two phases, a me

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14

Wang, Chao-hong, and Sinn-wen Chen. "Cruciform pattern formation in Sn/Co couples." Journal of Materials Research 22, no. 12 (2007): 3404–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0422.

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CoSn3 phase is formed in Sn/Co couples reacted at 200 °C. The reaction phase shows a unique cruciform pattern that is observed for the first time in the solid/solid reaction. The reaction phase layers are thick and uniform along the edges of the Co substrate, and there are no reaction phases at the corners. A continuous reaction layer is formed in Sn/Co couples reacted at 180 °C. A metastable CoSn4 phase is formed at the corner, and the reaction phase along the edge of the Co substrate is the CoSn3 phase. The reaction CoSn3 phase region shows a cruciform pattern if the CoSn4 phase region is ig

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15

Ilyasly, T. M., D. T. Hasanova, and I. I. Aliyev. "PHASE EQUILIBRIUM AND GLASS FORMATION IN THE AsS-ErS SYSTEM." Azerbaijan Chemical Journal, no. 2 (June 2, 2022): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.32737/0005-2531-2022-2-87-92.

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Phase equilibrium and glass formation between AsS and ErS compounds were studied by methods of physicochemical analysis: differential-thermal (DTA), X-ray phase (XRD), microstructural analysis (MSA), as well as by measuring microhardness and density. The T-x phase diagram of the AsS–ErS system was constructed. It has been established that the phase diagram of the AsS–ErS system is quasi-binary, of the eutectic type and is characterized by the formation of the chemical compound ErAsS2. The ErAsS2 compound is formed as a result of the peritectic reaction M+ErS↔ ErAsS2 at 7500C and crystallizes i

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16

Saunders, N., and A. P. Miodownik. "Thermodynamic aspects of amorphous phase formation." Journal of Materials Research 1, no. 1 (1986): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1986.0038.

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The glass-forming ability of the three alloy systems Co–Zr, Cu–Zr, and Ni–Zr has been analyzed for three distinct production routes: (1) liquid quenching, (2) vapor deposition, and (3) solidstate reaction. Using the free energy and heats of formation curves obtained from the thermodynamic characterization of the respective alloy systems, a satisfactory rationale can be obtained for amorphous phase formation by all three routes. The analysis shows that while amorphous phase formation by quenching from the high-temperature liquid is clearly dependent on factors such as quench rate and the value

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17

Yu, Zhiqing, Xiaotao Li, Zhenning Ma, Xun Wang, and Xing Li. "Investigation on Thermodynamic Stability of 10H and 14H Long Period Stacking Ordered Phase in Mg-Zn-Y Alloy." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2425, no. 1 (2023): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2425/1/012029.

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Abstract In this paper, enthalpies of formation and electronic structures of long period stacking ordered phases in ternary Mg-Zn-Y alloys are calculated by first-principles. Through calculations of the enthalpies of formation, it was found that enthalpies of formation of 10H phase and 14H phase are negative, and the enthalpy of formation of 10H phase less than that of 14H phase. It shows that both phases can form stable structure. The energy of transformation calculations show that 14H phase is more stable than 10H phase. The analysis of electronic structure shows that the difference between

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18

Palkin, M. V., and I. P. Titkov. "Satellite Formation Flying Maneuver Control." Mekhatronika, Avtomatizatsiya, Upravlenie 20, no. 5 (2019): 308–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.17587/mau.20.308-313.

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A problem of a formation flying satellites maneuver control is presented. Among the most important criteria for satellite formation flying control system are active period maximization, precision of the configuration, secure motion (without collisions of satellites). Several methods for group configuration are presented: periodic impulse correction of each flying satellite position formation ("continuous order"); method of a satellite positioning on non-coplanar orbits ("variable order"). Other methods include combinations of methods mentioned above. Recommendations for their application are g

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19

Anlage, Steven M., Brent Fultz, and Kannan M. Krishnan. "Icosahedral phase formation in rapidly quenched aluminum-ruthenium alloys." Journal of Materials Research 3, no. 3 (1988): 421–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1988.0421.

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Systematic rapid quenching experiments on the icosahedral phase-forming system Al1 − xRux were performed for × < 20 at. %. The solidified alloys have been studied by electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction to determine their composition, constituent phases, and phase morphology. It has been determined that the icosahedral phase must form directly from the liquid and, at these quench rates, is always found in the presence of second or third phases. The results have been summarized in a metastable phase diagram appropriate for rapid solidification of Al1 − xRux at piston and anvil quench ra

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20

Kyllesbech Larsen, K., N. Karpe, J. B⊘ttiger, and R. Bormann. "Ion irradiation induced phase formation in Al–Ni." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 4 (1992): 861–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.0861.

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The phase formation of elemental multilayered thin Al100−xNix films during 500 keV Xe+ irradiation has been investigated using transmission electron microscopy. The whole composition range has been covered for various substrate temperatures during the irradiation. At low temperatures, only structurally simple crystalline and amorphous phases are observed. Thermodynamic data for these simple phases were calculated using the CALPHAD method, and nonequilibrium phase diagrams were derived and discussed in the context of the experimental findings.

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21

Muramatsu, Mayu, Tatsuya Kawada, and K. Terada. "A Simulation of Ferroelastic Phase Formation by Using Phase Field Model." Key Engineering Materials 725 (December 2016): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.725.208.

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In order to incorporate the mechanical behavior of ferroelastic phase into the stress analysis of solid oxide fuel cell in consideration of elastic, creep, thermal and reduction strains, we propose a mathematical model to predict the formation of ferroelastic phases in crystal grains of La0.6Sr0.4Co0.2Fe0.8O3-δ. The phase field model equipped with the elastic energy is introduced to realize the morphology formation of ferroelastic phases in a crystal grain. By the use of the developed mathematical model, some numerical examples are performed to reproduce the deformation-induced nucleation and

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22

Vasihoun, Mahary, and Eduardo Guendelman. "Bag formation from gauge condensate." International Journal of Modern Physics A 30, no. 02 (2015): 1550009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x15500098.

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As it is well known, one can lower the energy of the trivial perturbation QCD vacuum by introducing a nonvanishing chromomagnetic field strength. This happens because radiative corrections produce an effective action of the form [Formula: see text] with f′(y0) = 0 for some y0≠0. However, a vacuum with a nonzero field strength is not consistent with Poincaré Invariance (PI). Generalizing this type of effective action by introducing, in the simplest way, a four-index field strength ∂[μAναβ], which can have an expectation value without violating PI, we are lead to an effective action that can des

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23

Cheung, C. T., and E. Ruckenstein. "Formation route of higher member phases from lower ones in the Tl–Ca–Ba–Cu–O system." Journal of Materials Research 5, no. 9 (1990): 1860–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1990.1860.

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An experiment was designed to follow the formation of higher member phases from lower member phases in the Tl2Can−1Ba2CunO2n+4 series. Coarse particles of the lower member phase were directly interfaced with various Ca–Cu–O sources and the pressed pellets were heat treated in air in a gold pocket at 850 °C for a period of 2–4 h. The reacted samples were polished and examined by scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry analysis (EDS). For the 2021 based reaction systems, the results suggest that the 2122 phase can be formed via reactions which involve the decomposi

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24

Massarotti, V., M. Bini, and D. Capsoni. "Structural and Defect Study of LiMn2O4 Formation." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 51, no. 4 (1996): 267–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1996-0406.

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Abstract The LiMn2O4 formation from MnO and Li2CO3 mixtures with lithium cationic fraction 0.31 <̲ x <̲ 0.40 was studied by structural profile refinement from X-ray data, thermal (TGA and DSC) measurements and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observations. Quantitative phase analysis, structural and microstructural parameters and composition of the coexisting phases were obtained. Different behaviours were observed in the composition ranges 0.33 <̲ x <̲ 0.35 and x >̲ 0.37. In the former range only the stoichiometric spinel phase was obtained, in the latter, in addition to the

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25

Tainaka, Kei-ichi, Shusaku Fukazawa, and Shin Mineshige. "Spatial Pattern Formation of an Interstellar Medium." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 45, no. 1 (1993): 57–64. https://doi.org/10.1093/pasj/45.1.57.

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Abstract The population dynamics of a multi-phased interstellar medium (ISM) was investigated using a lattice model in the position-fixed reaction limit, which was originally developed for use regarding ecosystems. We assumed three components of the medium in interstellar space: cold clouds, warm gas, and hot gas. Interactions between distinct phases of gas give rise to cyclic phase changes in ISM. Such local phase changes are propagated in space, and a stochastic stationary pattern is finally self-organized. We obtained the following two characteristic patterns: (1) When the sweeping rate of

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26

Wang, Jun, Fan Zhao, and Xinhua Liu. "Nb Phase Position Marking for Clarifying the Formation Process of Cu-Al Composite Interfacial Phases in Continuous Composite Casting." Metals 13, no. 6 (2023): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13061045.

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Cu-Al composites are widely applied materials exhibiting advanced properties of both matrix metals. Controlling the brittle interfacial phases is a key factor in improving the interfacial strength of Cu-Al composites. This paper studied the interfacial formation process of Cu-Al composites fabricated by continuous composite casting. The phase formation sequence, growth direction and formation mechanism were clarified via element marking and thermodynamic calculations. The spatial distribution of the interfacial phases from the aluminum side to the copper side is as follows: the α + θ layer (α-

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27

Tellouche, Gamra, Khalid Hoummada, Dominique Mangelinck, and Ivan Blum. "A Model for Formation and Consumption of Transient Phase." Solid State Phenomena 172-174 (June 2011): 646–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.172-174.646.

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The phase formation sequence of Ni silicide for different thicknesses is studied by in situ X ray diffraction and differential scanning calorimetry measurements. The formation of a transient phase is observed during the formation of δ-Ni2Si; transient phases grow and disappear during the growth of another phase. A possible mechanism is proposed for the transient phase formation and consumption. It is applied to the growth and consumption of θ-Ni2Si. A good accordance is found between the proposed model and in situ measurement of the kinetics of phase formation obtained by x-ray diffraction and

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28

Han, Yongming, Xinyuan Cao, Yonghao Lu, and Tetsuo Shoji. "Deformation Properties of Thermally Aged E308L Stainless Steel During Tensile Test with Carbide Effects." Materials 17, no. 24 (2024): 6070. https://doi.org/10.3390/ma17246070.

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Microstructure and deformation properties of both unaged and aged cladding material were studied at 400 °C for 10,000 h. The results indicated that carbide formation occurred in the cladding material, while thermal aging treatment resulted in spinodal decomposition and G-phase formation in the aged ferrite phase. Furthermore, intensive straight slip bands formed in both unaged and aged austenite phases. Continual straight slip bands formed in the unaged ferrite phase, while curvilinear slip bands formed in the aged ferrite phase during the plastic deformation process. Microcracks preferred to

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29

Ruckenstein, E., and C. T. Cheung. "Reaction pathways in the formation of the Tl–Ca–Ba–Cu superconducting phases." Journal of Materials Research 4, no. 5 (1989): 1116–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1989.1116.

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The 2223, 1223, 1324, and 1122 phases in the Tl–Ca–Ba–Cu system were prepared from sample mixtures having the same stoichiometry as the final phase. Powder x-ray diffraction analysis was used to follow the formation of these phases at 867 °C for up to 2 h. The formation of the 2223 phase is shown to occur via the sequential transformations 2021 → 2122 → 2223. For the 1–2–2–3 and 1–3–2–4 samples, the sequential transformations 1021 → 2021 → 2122 → 2223 occur before the final 1223 and 1324 phases are obtained. For the 1122 phase the formation is preceded by the 1021 → 2021 → 2122 transformations

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30

Mao, Z. L., H. Chen, and Ai-Lien Jung. "Formation of Ni80P20 solid solution phase under high pressure." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 8 (1994): 1927–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.1927.

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A Ni-P solid-solution phase was obtained by quenching from the melt under a pressure of 4.5 GPa. It was considered as a metastable high-pressure phase. Metastable phases with the same composition as the melt, such as supersaturated solid solutions and amorphous phases, are easily prepared using a high pressure quenching method.

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31

Kozlovskiy, A. L. "FLUENCE OF PHASE FORMATION PROCESSES IN LITHIUM ZIRCONATECERAMICS ON STRENGTHAND THERMAL PROPERTIES." Eurasian Physical Technical Journal 19, no. 2 (40) (2022): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022no2/13-18.

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The article is devoted to the study of the properties of lithium zirconate ceramics obtained by solid-phase synthesis. The choice of lithium zirconateceramics as objects of study is due to the great prospects for their use as materials for tritium propagation. Results of a study of the influence of the LiO/ZrO2/Li2ZrO3→ LiO/Li2ZrO3 → Li2ZrO3type phase transformations in ceramics, depending on the annealing temperature, on the strength and thermophysical parameters of ceramics are obtained. During the studies, it was found that the change in hardness and crack resistance are directly dependent

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32

Mohney, S. E., and Y. A. Chang. "Phase equilibria and ternary phase formation in the In–Ni–P system." Journal of Materials Research 7, no. 4 (1992): 955–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1992.0955.

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Isothermal sections of the In–Ni–P phase diagram have been determined at 600 °C and 470 °C. Two new ternary phases not previously identified in bulk samples were found. A phase with the composition Ni57In22P21 is present at both 600 °C and 470 °C and was found by differential thermal analysis to melt at 736 °C. The phase Ni2InP was found to be in equilibrium with InP at 470 °C, but it does not appear in the 600 °C isotherm since it melts at 526 °C. The phases (In), Ni2P, Ni5P4, and NiP2 are in equilibrium with InP at both temperatures studied.

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33

Chernenko, I. M. "Computer simulation of vanadium dioxide semiconductor phase formation in supersaturated solutions." Semiconductor Physics Quantum Electronics and Optoelectronics 14, no. 1 (2011): 51–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/spqeo14.01.051.

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34

Bencist, Ilaria, Francesco Di Benedetto, Massimo Innocenti, et al. "Phase composition of CuxS thin films: spectroscopic evidence of covellite formation." European Journal of Mineralogy 24, no. 5 (2012): 879–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1127/0935-1221/2012/0024-2229.

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35

Ostapenko, N. I., Y. V. Ostapenko, and O. A. Kerita. "Formation of the Liquid-Crystalline Phase in Poly(Di-n-Hexylsilane)." Ukrainian Journal of Physics 59, no. 3 (2014): 276–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/ujpe59.03.0276.

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36

Kumar Sharma, Nigvendra. "Investigation of Atom Diffusivity and Phase Formation in Bi-System Superconductors." International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 12, no. 7 (2023): 2127–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/sr23727212859.

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37

Gertzricken, D. S., V. F. Mazanko, T. V. Zaporozhets, and Andriy Gusak. "Phase Formation under Pulse Loading." Defect and Diffusion Forum 237-240 (April 2005): 715–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.237-240.715.

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Pulse loading of diffusion couples leads to the formation of the broad metastable solid solutions. Under higher temperatures, combined with high deformation rates, intermetallics also can form. Possible mechanisms of this phenomenon are discussed. Formation of nanostructure under uniaxial compression/decompression (observed in MD simulations) seems to be one of the possibilities.

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38

Chen, Hai-Lin, and Ake Jansson. "Phase formation in A3003 alloys." Materials Today: Proceedings 10 (2019): 296–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2018.10.409.

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39

Cistola, David P., and Donald M. Small. "Micelle formation and phase separation." Journal of the American Chemical Society 112, no. 8 (1990): 3214–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00164a054.

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40

Stenina, Irina A., Mikhail N. Kislitsyn, Il’ya Yu Pinus, and Andrei B. Yaroslavtsev. "Phase transition through intermediate formation?" Mendeleev Communications 14, no. 5 (2004): 191–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1070/mc2004v014n05abeh001907.

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41

Martin, G., and P. Bellon. "Metastable phase formation under irradiation." Journal of the Less Common Metals 140 (June 1988): 211–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-5088(88)90382-7.

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42

Isaev, V. A., and A. N. Baraboshkin. "Three-dimensional electrochemical phase formation." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 377, no. 1-2 (1994): 33–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-0728(94)03450-8.

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43

Ustinovshikov, Y., Chen Shiren, and M. Shirobokova. "Laves phase formation in solids." Journal of Materials Science 29, no. 5 (1994): 1411–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00975096.

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44

Skomski, R. "Phase formation in L10 magnets." Journal of Applied Physics 101, no. 9 (2007): 09N517. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2711801.

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45

Franceschi, E. A. "Stability and intermediate phase formation." Journal of Thermal Analysis 30, no. 6 (1985): 1301–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01914299.

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46

Abrahamyan, M. G., and L. I. Matveenko. "Initial phase of protostar formation." Astrophysics 55, no. 3 (2012): 397–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10511-012-9246-5.

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Bobkova, N. M., L. V. Boloban, and S. A. Gailevich. "Phase formation in titanium glazes." Glass and Ceramics 54, no. 1-2 (1997): 17–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02782518.

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Limbach, C. T., and U. Gonser. "Controlled quenching and phase formation." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 106, no. 1-3 (1988): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3093(88)90297-9.

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Chen, Sinn-wen. "Phase stability, phase transformation, and reactive phase formation in electronic materials." JOM 59, no. 1 (2007): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11837-007-0006-7.

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Burström, Thommie, Jussi Harri, and Timothy L. Wilson. "Nascent Entrepreneurs Managing in Networks: Equivocality, Multiplexity and Tie Formation." Journal of Enterprising Culture 26, no. 01 (2018): 51–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218495818500036.

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Abstract:

This paper studies the dynamics of network development in early phases of venture development. Seven ventures were studied through interviews and visualization techniques. An equivocal three-phase process was studied — conceptualization, early foundation and early establishment. This paper defines network equivocality, draw on multiplexity theory and contributes by fine-tuning the concept of tie formation. The paper presents a conceptual model where the dynamics behind network development in early phases of venture development is explained. It is proposed that each phase of development is divi

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