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Journal articles on the topic 'Phenyl isocyanate'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Xiao, Hong, Han X. Xiao, Kurt C. Frisch, and Nelson Malwitz. "Kinetic studies of the reactions between isocyanates and carboxylic acids." High Performance Polymers 6, no. 3 (1994): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0954-0083/6/3/006.

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Reaction kinetic studies between isocyanates and carboxylic acids were undertaken to evaluate the kinetic parameters. Various isocyanates (phenyl isocyanate, cyclohexyl isocyanate) and carboxylic acids (acetic acid, n-butyric acid, isobutyric acid, dimethylbutyric acid and benzoic acid) were used to study the kinetics of the reactions at different temperatures and in different solvents. It was found that these reactions followed the rate law of second-order reaction. From the Arrhenius plot, the activation energies of these reactions were computed.

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2

Habibi, Davood, Mohammad Ali Zolfigol, and Maliheh Safaee. "Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydropyridines Bearing a Carbamate Moiety on the 4-Position." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/495982.

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A good range of 1,4-dihydropyridines bearing a carbamate moiety on the 4-position were synthesized from the primary reaction of different hydroxyaldehydes with phenyl isocyanates and the subsequent reaction of the obtained carbamates with methyl acetoacetate in the presence of ammonium fluoride. When phenyl isothiocyanate was used in place of phenyl isocyanate in the same condition, the reaction did not take place.

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3

Kaenhin, Lalita, Pairote Klinpituksa, Adisai Rungvichaniwat, and Jean Francois Pilard. "Waterborne Polyurethane: Effect of Functional Groups in Aromatic Isocyanate and the Chain Length of Hydroxyl Terminated Natural Rubber." Advanced Materials Research 415-417 (December 2011): 2032–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.415-417.2032.

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Waterborne polyurethane (WPU) has its main applications in coatings and adhesives. Compared with the competing PU products from solvent-based processes, it has a more environmentally friendly manufacturing process. Its economic competitiveness could also be improved by the use of aromatic isocyanates that are widely available and cheaper than the currently used aliphatic isocyanates. We report on the synthesis and properties of WPU, based on natural rubber (NR) whose molecular structure has been altered, in combination with an aromatic isocyanate. The NR modification is by hydroxyl termination

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4

Abushammala, Hatem, and Jia Mao. "A Review of the Surface Modification of Cellulose and Nanocellulose Using Aliphatic and Aromatic Mono- and Di-Isocyanates." Molecules 24, no. 15 (2019): 2782. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24152782.

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Nanocellulose has been subjected to a wide range of chemical modifications towards increasing its potential in certain fields of interest. These modifications either modulated the chemistry of the nanocellulose itself or introduced certain functional groups onto its surface, which varied from simple molecules to polymers. Among many, aliphatic and aromatic mono- and di-isocyanates are a group of chemicals that have been used for a century to modify cellulose. Despite only being used recently with nanocellulose, they have shown great potential as surface modifiers and chemical linkers to graft

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5

Buckley, C. J., C. Phanopoulos, N. Khaleque, A. Engelen, M. E. J. Holwill, and A. G. Michette. "Examination of the Penetration of Polymeric Methylene Di-Phenyl-Di-Isocyanate (pMDI) into Wood Structure Using Chemical-State X-Ray Microscopy." Holzforschung 56, no. 2 (2002): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hf.2002.035.

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Summary The penetration behaviour of isocyanate-based wood resins was evaluated using x-ray microscopy. Aspen wood pieces were bonded together in a controlled manner. These were embedded in a methacrylate-based resinand thin sections were prepared, cut from the transverse face of thewoodcomposite. X-ray images of these sections were prepared at several selected x-ray energies to allow the isocyanate, cellulose, lignin and the embedding agent distributions to be mapped. The isocyanate resin was found to penetrate deeply into the wood. The resin enters large cell lumen, and wicks along the inner

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6

Er, Hui-Teng, David L. Pole, and John Warkentin. "(Alkylthio)- and (phenylthio)methoxycarbenes from oxadiazolines." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 74, no. 8 (1996): 1480–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v96-165.

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Four 2-methoxy-5,5-dimethyl-Δ3-1,3,4-oxadiazolines bearing an alkylthio or arylthio group at C2 were prepared. The oxadiazolines undergo thermolysis at 60–80 °C in solution to afford the corresponding oxythiocarbene intermediates. In the absence of carbene traps, dimers of the carbenes were formed. The carbenes were trapped with ethyl crotonate, with dichloromaleic anhydride, with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate, and with phenyl isocyanate. Phenyl isocyanate traps methoxy(methylthio)carbene to form two types of adducts, both fundamentally different from the product obtained from reaction of di

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7

??pírková, Milena, Miroslav Kubín, Pavel ??pa??ek, Ivan Krakovský, and Karel Du??ek. "Cyclotrimerization of isocyanate groups. I. Catalyzed reactions of phenyl isocyanate." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 52, no. 7 (1994): 895–904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1994.070520708.

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8

Kasten, W., and H. Dreizler. "Nitrogen Quadrupole Coupling in the Microwave Spectra of Phenyl Isocyanate and Phenyl Isothiocyanate." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung A 42, no. 1 (1987): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zna-1987-0113.

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The microwave spectra of phenyl isocyanate, C6H5NCO, and phenyl isothiocyanate, C6H5NCS, have been measured by microwave Fourier transform spectroscopy between 4.7 and 8.0 GHz and analysed for nuclear quadrupole hyperfine splitting due to 14N.

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9

Pole, David L., Pradeep K. Sharma, and John Warkentin. "Methoxy-(2-trimethylsilyl)ethoxycarbene. Reactions with Michael acceptors, with hydroxylic compounds, and with miscellaneous functional groups." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 74, no. 7 (1996): 1335–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v96-149.

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Methoxy-(2-trimethylsilyl)ethoxycarbene reacts with two equivalents of dimethyl acetylene dicarboxylate, methyl propiolate, phenyl acetylene, or phenyl isocyanate without rearrangement of the carbene group. N-Phenylmaleimide captures the carbene with 1:1 -stoichiometry. The structure of the product implies that a migration of the trimethylsilylethyl group from oxygen to carbon accompanies that reaction. A mechanism for that complex rearrangement is proposed. Phenol and tert-butyl alcohol afford the orthoformates expected from overall insertion of the carbene into the OH bond. Key words: dialko

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10

Mohammed, Issam A., and Govindarajan Sankar. "Synthesis, deblocking and cure reaction studies of secondary alcohol-blocked isocyanates." High Performance Polymers 23, no. 7 (2011): 535–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008311421833.

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A series of 1,3-dichloro-2-propanol-blocked diisocyanates, based on diisocyanates including 4,4′-methylene di(phenyl isocyanate), toluene-2,4-diisocyanate, isophorone diisocyanate and 1,6-diisocyanatohexane, were prepared and characterized thoroughly by Fourier transform infrared, 1 H-NMR, 13 C-NMR spectroscopic methods and elemental analysis (CHN). The blocking reaction of 1,3-dichloro 2-propanol with aromatic diisocyanates occurs faster than with the aliphatic isocyanates. The deblocking temperature of blocked isocyanates was determined by thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning ca

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11

Sun, Wenhao, Weslley G. D. P. Silva, and Jennifer van Wijngaarden. "Rotational Spectra and Structures of Phenyl Isocyanate and Phenyl Isothiocyanate." Journal of Physical Chemistry A 123, no. 12 (2019): 2351–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.8b11877.

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12

Servos, Mark A., Nathaniel C. Smart, Mark E. Kassabaum, Cody A. Scholtens, and Steven J. Peters. "Phenyl Isocyanate Anion Radicals and Their Cyclotrimerization to Triphenyl Isocyanurate Anion Radicals." Journal of Organic Chemistry 78, no. 8 (2013): 3908–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo4003008.

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13

Domańska, Agata, Anna Boczkowska, Marta Izydorzak-Woźniak, Zbigniew Jaegermann, and Małgorzata Grądzka-Dahlke. "Polyurethanes from the crystalline prepolymers resistant to abrasive wear." Polish Journal of Chemical Technology 16, no. 4 (2014): 14–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pjct-2014-0063.

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Abstract The research aimed at the selection of polyurethanes synthesized from poly(tetramethylene ether) glycol (PTMEG), as well as from two different isocyanates 4,4′-methylenebis(cyclohexyl)isocyanate (HMDI) and 4.4′-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI) in order to obtain polyurethane with increased resistance to abrasive wear and degradation for bio-medical application. Polyurethanes were fabricated from crystalline prepolymers extended by water. The paper presents preliminary results on polyurethane surface wettability, friction coefficient for different couples of the co-working materia

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14

Karol, Meryl H., and Jean A. Kramarik. "Phenyl isocyanate is a potent chemical sensitizer." Toxicology Letters 89, no. 2 (1996): 139–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0378-4274(96)03798-8.

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15

Zhang, Kainan, Pramod R. Chopade, and Janis Louie. "Coupling of vinyl aziridines and phenyl isocyanate." Tetrahedron Letters 49, no. 27 (2008): 4306–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2008.04.121.

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16

Lubczak, Renata, and Jacek Lubczak. "Reactions of hydroxyalkyl esters with phenyl isocyanate." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 96, no. 4 (2005): 1357–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.21563.

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17

Ming-Yu, Deng, Yao Ying-Ming, Zhou Yu-Fang, Zhang Li-Fen, and Shen Qi. "Lanthanide Complexes for Oligomerization of Phenyl Isocyanate." Chinese Journal of Chemistry 21, no. 5 (2010): 574–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.20030210519.

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18

Gololobov, Yu G., G. D. Kolomnikova, and T. O. Krylova. "A new insertion reaction of phenyl isocyanate." Russian Chemical Bulletin 44, no. 1 (1995): 181–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00696987.

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19

Abdel-Megeed, Mohamed Farghali, and Abderrahman Teniou. "Synthesis of some 3-substituted 4(3H)-quinazolinone and 4(3H)-quinazolinethione derivatives and related fused biheterocyclic ring systems." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 53, no. 2 (1988): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19880329.

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The reactions of 2-phenyl-4(3H)-quinazoline, 2-phenyl-3-amino-4(3H)-quinazolinone, and corresponding thiones with phenyl isocyanate or phenyl isothiocyanate were investigated. The resulting urea and thiourea quinazolinone or quinazolinethione derivatives reacted with hydrazine hydrate, phenylhydrazine, and urea or thiourea to form fused biheterocyclic ring systems with potential biological activities. The products were identified by IR, 1H NMR, and mass spectroscopy.

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20

Imhof, Wolfgang. "N-Phenyl-2-(phenyliminomethyl)pyrrole-1-carboxamide." Acta Crystallographica Section E Structure Reports Online 63, no. 11 (2007): o4265. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s1600536807048416.

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The title compound, C18H15N3O, was prepared from phenyl(1H-pyrrol-2-ylmethylene)amine and phenyl isocyanate in the presence of catalytic amounts of [Pd(PPh3)4]. The conformation of the molecular structure is determined by an intramolecular hydrogen bond between the amide NH function and the imine N atom. The molecule is essentially planar. Only the peripheral phenyl substitutents are bent out of the plane.

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21

Fukuda, Mayu, Rafael Rodríguez, Zulema Fernández, et al. "Macromolecular helicity control of poly(phenyl isocyanate)s with a single stimuli-responsive chiral switch." Chemical Communications 55, no. 55 (2019): 7906–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9cc03555a.

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22

David, Geta, and Bogdan C. Simionescu. "Poly[( N-Acylimino)ethylene] Derivatives for Advanced Materials." High Performance Polymers 21, no. 5 (2009): 596–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954008309339932.

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New segmented polyurethanes containing soft and hard segments of different polarity and hydrophilicity, based on 4,4′-methylenebis-(cyclohexyl isocyanate, 4,4′-methylenebis-(phenyl isocyanate) and poly(tetramethylene oxide) or poly(ethylene oxide) were prepared including poly[( N-acylimino) ethylene] sequences as a chain extender. They were comparatively characterized by spectral, thermal and mechanical techniques. Some preliminary investigations on their nanocomposites with montmorillonite as an inorganic component are presented.

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23

Yao, Tu, Pengfei Xu та Xin Xu. "Scandium complexes containing β-diketiminato ligands with pendant phosphanyl groups: competition between Sc/γ-C [4 + 2] cycloaddition and Sc/P frustrated Lewis pair reactions". Dalton Transactions 48, № 22 (2019): 7743–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9dt01035a.

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24

Kraushaar, Konstantin, Marcus Herbig, Dana Schmidt, Jörg Wagler, Uwe Böhme, and Edwin Kroke. "Insertion of phenyl isocyanate into mono- and diaminosilanes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 72, no. 11 (2017): 909–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2017-0149.

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AbstractThe aminosilanes MenSi(NRR′)4−n (n=2,3) with NRR′=ethylamino (NHEt), n-propylamino (NHnPr), sec-butylamino (NHsBu), n-octylamino (NHnOct), n-dodecylamino (NHnDodec), allylamino (NHAll), tert-butylamino (NHtBu), diethylamino (NEt2), and anilino (NHPh) were synthesized and their reactions with phenyl isocyanate were studied. In all cases of these silanes Me3SiNRR′ and Me2Si(NRR′)2 formal insertion of the –NCO group into their Si–N bonds was observed, i.e. formation of products with Si–N (rather than Si–O) bonds was found. In some cases, the products could be crystallized and their molecu

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25

Takei, Takayuki, Masahiro Yoshida, Tomonori Nagayoshi, Yasuo Hatate, Kouichiro Shiomori, and Shiro Kiyoyama. "Preparation and Characterisation of Phase Change Material-Loaded Polyurea Microcapsules Several Hundred Micrometres in Diameter." Polymers and Polymer Composites 17, no. 6 (2009): 365–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096739110901700604.

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In the present study, we attempted to prepare phase-change material (PCM)-loaded polyurea microcapsules several hundred micrometres in diameter via oil-in-water emulsion polymerisation. An oil phase with two types of isocyanate monomers (2,4-toluene diisocyanate (TDI) and phenyl isocyanate (PI)) and tetradecane as PCM was dispersed in an aqueous phase with hexamethylene diamine (HMD). The polyurea shell of microcapsules was formed by reaction of the isocyanate monomers with the amine groups derived from HMD and hydrolysed isocyanate monomers. A suitably adjusted agitation rate made it possible

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26

Vavasori, Andrea, and Lucio Ronchin. "Phosgene-free synthesis of 1,3-diphenylurea via catalyzed reductive carbonylation of nitrobenzene." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 3 (2012): 473–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-07-15.

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1,3-Diphenylurea (DPU) has been proposed as a synthetic intermediate for phosgene-free synthesis of methyl N-phenylcarbamate and phenyl isocyanate, which are easily obtained from the urea by reaction with methanol. Such an alternative route to synthesis of carbamates and isocyanates necessitates an improved phosgene-free synthesis of the corresponding urea. In this work, it is reported that Pd(II)-diphosphine catalyzed reductive carbonylation of nitrobenzene in acetic acid (AcOH)-methanol proceeds in high yield and selectivity as a one-step synthesis of DPU. We have found that the catalytic ac

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27

Weaver, F. William, and Noel L. Owen. "Isocyanate-Wood Adhesive Bond." Applied Spectroscopy 49, no. 2 (1995): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1366/0003702953963751.

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We have used infrared spectroscopy to study the reaction between phenyl isocyanate and glucose, cellulose, lignin, and wood. In the latter instance we have investigated oven-dried wood, wood at its fiber saturation point, and wood at 19% and 7% moisture levels. Our results show that the isocyanate reacts with all these entities, but that its reaction with water is quicker than with any of the other hydroxyl-containing compounds, and when water is present the water-isocyanate reaction dominates all others. Lignin was found to react more readily than any of the sugar derivatives. In oven-dried w

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28

Andraos, John. "A green metrics assessment of phosgene and phosgene-free syntheses of industrially important commodity chemicals." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 3 (2011): 827–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-06-12.

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Synthesis plans for the following important industrial commodity chemicals using phosgene and phosgene-free chemistries have been analyzed and compared by green metrics to determine the most material-efficient routes so far developed (number of plans given in parentheses): dimethyl carbonate (DMC) (31), diphenyl carbonate (DPC) (40), diphenylurea (DPU) (23), methyl carbamate (MC) (8), methyl chloroformate (MCF) (6), methyl N-phenylcarbamate (MNPC) (25), methyl phenyl carbonate (MPC) (32), phenyl isocyanate (PI) (19), phenyl chloroformate (PCF) (10), and urea (13). Implications of these results

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29

Ansari, Mohammed M., Shirish P. Deshmukh, Rizwan Khan, and Mohammed Musaddiq. "Synthesis Antimicrobial and Anticancer Evaluation of 1-Aryl-5-(o-methoxyphenyl)-2-S-benzyl Isothiobiurets." International Journal of Medicinal Chemistry 2014 (November 20, 2014): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/352626.

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A series of S-benzyl aryl thiourea were condensed with o-Methoxy phenyl isocyanate to yield respective isothiobiuret derivatives. The newly synthesized compounds were characterized by 1H-NMR, IR, and Mass Spectral studies and tested for biological activities.

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30

Nehéz, M., G. W. Fischer, I. Nehéz, H. Scheufler, and I. Dési. "Investigations on the acute toxic, cytogenetic, and embryotoxic activity of phenyl isocyanate and diethoxyphosphoryl isocyanate." Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety 17, no. 2 (1989): 258–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0147-6513(89)90045-6.

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31

Balmer, Markus, Manuel Kapitein, and Carsten von Hänisch. "Improved reactivity of a cyclic 13/15 compound by increased steric demand." Dalton Transactions 46, no. 21 (2017): 7074–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7dt00950j.

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The reactivity of a masked flp was investigated for the sterically overloaded group 13/15 ring compound [tBu<sub>2</sub>GaP(H)tBu<sub>2</sub>Ph]<sub>2</sub>, as can be seen from its reaction with phenyl-isocyanate.

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32

Cheikh, Wafaa, Zsófia Borbála Rózsa, Christian Orlando Camacho López, et al. "Urethane Formation with an Excess of Isocyanate or Alcohol: Experimental and Ab Initio Study." Polymers 11, no. 10 (2019): 1543. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11101543.

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A kinetic and mechanistic investigation of the alcoholysis of phenyl isocyanate using 1-propanol as the alcohol was undertaken. A molecular mechanism of urethane formation in both alcohol and isocyanate excess is explored using a combination of an accurate fourth generation Gaussian thermochemistry (G4MP2) with the Solvent Model Density (SMD) implicit solvent model. These mechanisms were analyzed from an energetic point of view. According to the newly proposed two-step mechanism for isocyanate excess, allophanate is an intermediate towards urethane formation via six-centered transition state (

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33

Bedel, Olivier, Dominique Urban, and Yves Langlois. "Oxazoline azomethine imines preparation and cycloaddition with phenyl isocyanate." Tetrahedron Letters 43, no. 4 (2002): 607–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0040-4039(01)02244-4.

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34

Yavari, Issa, and Manijeh Nematpour. "Copper-CatalyzedN-Arylation of 1,1,3,3-TetramethylguanidinePhenyl Isocyanate Adduct." Helvetica Chimica Acta 97, no. 8 (2014): 1132–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.201300418.

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35

GOLOLOBOV, YU G., G. D. KOLOMNIKOVA, and T. O. KRYLOVA. "ChemInform Abstract: A New Insertion Reaction of Phenyl Isocyanate." ChemInform 26, no. 30 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199530200.

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36

Jeon, Jei Gyeong, Hyun Chan Kim, Jaehwan Kim, and Tae June Kang. "Polystyrene nanocomposites reinforced with phenyl isocyanate-treated cellulose nanofibers." Functional Composites and Structures 2, no. 1 (2020): 015002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2631-6331/ab729e.

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37

Zeng, Xiao Peng. "Modified Reduced Graphene Oxide with Enhanced Solubility and Conductivity and its Application." Advanced Materials Research 989-994 (July 2014): 859–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.989-994.859.

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Graphene oxide was modified with phenyl isocyanate first, and then reduced by a two step method-reduction with hydrazine hydrate first and an additional reduction in H2/Ar. The reduction with hydrazine hydrate in the first step can effectively remove the epoxy groups on the graphene, and the disposure of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) with H2 will change the residual amides and carbamate esters into conjugated C=N-ph structure. The introduced phenyl isocyanate not only acts as a functionalized group to prevent the aggregation of graphene but also will increase the electron concentration because

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38

FÖRNER, WOLFGANG, and HASSAN M. BADAWI. "ROTATIONAL BARRIERS AND VIBRATIONAL SPECTRA OF PHENYL KETENE, AZIDE, AND ISOCYANATE." Journal of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry 09, no. 02 (2010): 511–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219633610005797.

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Our interest in conjugation effects in substituted phenyl compounds has turned our attention to the highly reactive compounds phenyl ketene, azide, and isocyanate, which due to their reactivity are of utmost importance in organic synthesis. We performed local density functional theory (DFT) calculations using a 6-311G** basis set to calculate the structures and potential functions of the internal rotation. Further for the minimum structures we computed the vibrational infrared and Raman spectra of the three molecules. In order to confirm that DFT works rather well in these systems we performed

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39

Rasmussen, C. R., F. J. Villani, M. S. Mutter, and E. A. Griffin. "Reactions of 4,5-dihydro-2-thiazolamine with phenyl isothiocyanate and phenyl isocyanate: a reinvestigation." Journal of Organic Chemistry 51, no. 10 (1986): 1910–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jo00360a052.

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40

Loscutoff, Paul W., Keith T. Wong, and Stacey F. Bent. "Reaction of Phenyl Isocyanate and Phenyl Isothiocyanate with the Ge(100)-2 × 1 Surface." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 114, no. 33 (2010): 14193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp104388a.

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41

Wong, Shaio-Wen, and Kurt C. Frisch. "Catalysis in competing isocyanate reactions. II. Competing phenyl isocyanate reactions catalyzed with N,N′,N″-pentamethyldipropylenetriamine." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 24, no. 11 (1986): 2877–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1986.080241116.

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42

SHEN, Baochun, Datong ZHANG, Jianyong YUAN, Beijia XU, and Xiuzhu XU. "Evaluation and Comparison of a 3,5-Dimethylphenyl Isocyanate Teicoplanin and Phenyl Isocyanate Teicoplanin Chiral Stationary Phases." Chinese Journal of Chemistry 27, no. 4 (2009): 628–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cjoc.200990102.

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43

Duff, David W., and Gary E. Maciel. "Monitoring postcure reaction chemistry of residual isocyanate in 4,4'-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) based isocyanurate resins by nitrogen-15 and carbon-13 CP/MAS NMR." Macromolecules 24, no. 2 (1991): 387–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00002a008.

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44

K. Bilakhiya, Anvarhusen, Frank W. Heinemann, and Andreas Grohmann. "Carbamoyl Derivatives of a Pyridine-Based Tetraamine." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 62, no. 4 (2007): 519–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2007-0405.

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The reaction of four equivalents of phenyl or tert-butyl isocyanate with the pyridine-derived tetraamine 2,6-C3H3N[CMe(CH2NH2)2]2 in toluene gives high yields of the quadruply ureido substituted products 2,6-C5H3N[CMe(CH2R)2]2 [R = -NH(CO)NHPh and -NH(CO)NHtBu]. Full spectroscopic data for both compounds are given. A single crystal X-ray structure determination of the phenyl derivative reveals an intricate network of both intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds involving the C=O and both NH functionalities in all ureido groups.

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45

Nguyen, Thanh Tung, Anh Vy Tran, Hye Jin Lee, Jayeon Baek, and Yong Jin Kim. "Palladium-catalyzed reductive carbonylation of nitrobenzene for producing phenyl isocyanate." Tetrahedron Letters 60, no. 50 (2019): 151310. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tetlet.2019.151310.

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46

Gunasekaran, Ananthakrishnan, Nan Zhu, Edwin D. Stevens, and Joseph H. Boyer. "An Adduct (1:2) from Diphenylcyclopropenone Oxime and Phenyl Isocyanate." Chemistry Letters 21, no. 7 (1992): 1367–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1246/cl.1992.1367.

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47

Paul, Frédéric, John A. Osborn, Jean Fischer, and Philippe Ochsenbein. "Metallacyclic Interconversions in the Chemistry of Palladium with Phenyl Isocyanate." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 32, no. 11 (1993): 1638–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.199316381.

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48

Chang, Ming-Chow, and Show-An Chen. "Kinetics and mechanism of urethane reactions: Phenyl isocyanate–alcohol systems." Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 25, no. 9 (1987): 2543–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1987.080250919.

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49

Wang, Jiancheng, Yunqiao Ding, Shijie Wang, and Pengfei Yang. "Diamine-catalyzed urethane reaction of 1,3-propanediol with phenyl isocyanate." Journal of Coatings Technology and Research 10, no. 6 (2013): 859–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11998-013-9523-1.

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50

Krakovský, Ivan, and Milena Špírková. "A Discussion of the Cyclotrimerization Mechanism of Isocyanates." Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 58, no. 11 (1993): 2663–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19932663.

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Abstract:

A reaction scheme of cyclotrimerization of phenyl isocyanate in the presence of potassium 2-ethylhexanoate as a catalyst was proposed. From kinetic equations, the reaction orders and concentrations of the intermediates were calculated using quasistationary approximation. Concentrations of biuret and urea (product of reaction intermediates with water) can provide information on the reaction mechanism.

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