Relevant bibliographies by topics / Phobias

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Phobias'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Phobias"

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Loken, E. K., J. M. Hettema, S. H. Aggen, and K. S. Kendler. "The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for fears and phobias." Psychological Medicine 44, no. 11 (December 16, 2013): 2375–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291713003012.

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BackgroundAlthough prior genetic studies of interview-assessed fears and phobias have shown that genetic factors predispose individuals to fears and phobias, they have been restricted to the DSM-III to DSM-IV aggregated subtypes of phobias rather than to individual fearful and phobic stimuli.MethodWe examined the lifetime history of fears and/or phobias in response to 21 individual phobic stimuli in 4067 personally interviewed twins from same-sex pairs from the Virginia Adult Twin Study of Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Disorders (VATSPSUD). We performed multivariate statistical analyses using Mx and Mplus.ResultsThe best-fitting model for the 21 phobic stimuli included four genetic factors (agora-social-acrophobia, animal phobia, blood-injection-illness phobia and claustrophobia) and three environmental factors (agora-social-hospital phobia, animal phobia, and situational phobia).ConclusionsThis study provides the first view of the architecture of genetic and environmental risk factors for phobic disorders and their subtypes. The genetic factors of the phobias support the DSM-IV and DSM-5 constructs of animal and blood-injection-injury phobias but do not support the separation of agoraphobia from social phobia. The results also do not show a coherent genetic factor for the DSM-IV and DSM-5 situational phobia. Finally, the patterns of co-morbidity across individual fears and phobias produced by genetic and environmental influences differ appreciably.
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Kendler, Kenneth S., Michael C. Neale, Ronald C. Kessler, Andrew C. Heath, and Lindon J. Eaves. "Major depression and phobias: the genetic and environmental sources of comorbidity." Psychological Medicine 23, no. 2 (May 1993): 361–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291700028464.

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SynopsisIn a population based sample of 2163 personally interviewed female twins, substantial comorbidity was observed between DSM-III-R defined major depression (MD) and 4 subtypes of phobia: agoraphobia, social phobia, animal phobia and situational phobia. However, the level of comorbidity of MD with agoraphobia was much greater than that found with the other phobic subtypes. We conducted bivariate twin analyses to decompose the genetic and environmental sources of comorbidity between MD and the phobias. Our results suggest that a modest proportion of the genetic vulnerability to MD also influences the risk for all phobic subtypes, with the possible exception of situational phobias. Furthermore, the magnitude of comorbidity resulting from this shared genetic vulnerability is similar across the phobic subtypes. By contrast, the non-familial environmental experiences which predispose to depression substantially increase the vulnerability to agoraphobia, have a modest impact on the risk for social and situational phobias and no effect on the risk for animal phobias. The increased comorbidity between MD and agoraphobia results, nearly entirely, from individual-specific environmental risk factors for MD which also increase the risk for agoraphobia but not for other phobias.
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Bener, A. "Prevalence of common phobias and their socio-demographic correlates in children and adolescents in a traditional developing society." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)71978-2.

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BackgroundEpidemiological data indicate that anxiety disorders are the most common childhood disorders and phobias are the most common form of anxiety disorders.AimTo identify the most common phobias in children and adolescents and to determine the prevalence, age distribution, and socio-demographic correlates of phobias.DesignA cross sectional studySettingPublic and Private schools of the Ministry of Education, State of QatarSubjectsA total of 2188 children and adolescents aged 6 to 18 years were approached and 1703 (77.8%) students participated in this study.MethodsThe questionnaire included socio-demographic information, extra curricular activities and hobbies, behaviour at home and various phobic fears. Psychiatrists determined the definitive diagnosis for various phobias by checking and screening their symptoms.ResultsOf the studied subjects, 44% were males and 56% were females. The overall prevalence of phobia in children and adolescents was 19.7%. Among children with phobia, females had higher rates of phobias (62.4% vs 37.6%) than males. Social phobia (12.7%) was the commonest phobia found followed by Agoraphobia (8.6%). Secondary school children were highly afflicted with social phobia (14.9%), agoraphobia (11.7%) and specific phobia (9.6%), while preparatory students (8.3%) were more likely to have’medical’ phobia (fear of physical illness, medical tests and procedures). A significant difference was observed between the age groups in children with agoraphobia (p = 0.002).ConclusionThe overall prevalence of phobia in children and adolescents in Qatar was higher, with the most common phobias observed being social phobia, agoraphobia and specific phobia.
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Flatt, Natalie, and Neville King. "Building the Case for Brief Psychointerventions in the Treatment of Specific Phobias in Children and Adolescents." Behaviour Change 25, no. 4 (December 1, 2008): 191–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.25.4.191.

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AbstractSpecific phobias are one of the most prevalent childhood anxiety disorders. Research suggests that phobias in children, such as animal or situational phobias, lead to significant impairments in peer relations, social and academic competence. Hence it is imperative to treat phobias within children and adolescents early to avoid more serious, engrained symptoms later in the lifespan. This review focuses on traditional exposure-based cognitive–behavioural therapies, and the more recent one-session exposure therapy for phobia treatment (Ost, 1987), a procedure that has only begun to be administered to children. Further, controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of 1-session exposure therapy with phobic children are urgently required. We also address challenges for researchers using psycho-education to control nonspecific treatment effects.
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Petersen, João, Vítor Carvalho, João Tiago Oliveira, and Eva Oliveira. "Usability Analysis of a Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy Serious Game for Blood Phobia Treatment: Phobos." Electronics 13, no. 7 (April 3, 2024): 1350. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13071350.

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Phobias are characterized as the excessive or irrational fear of an object or situation, and specific phobias affect about 10% of the world population. Blood-injection-injury phobia is a specific phobia that has a unique physical response to phobic stimuli, that is, a vasovagal syncope that causes the person to faint. Phobos is a serious game intended for blood phobia treatment that was created to be played in virtual reality with an HTC Vive that has photorealistic graphics to provide a greater immersion. We also developed a console application in C# for electrocardiography sensor connectivity and data acquisition, which gathers a 1 min baseline reading and then has continuous data acquisition during gameplay. Usability tests were conducted with self-reported questionnaires and with a case study population of 10 testers, which gave insight into the previous game experience of the tester for both digital games and virtual reality games, evaluating the discomfort for hardware on both the sensor and the virtual reality headset, as well as the game regarding usability, user experience, level of immersion, and the existence of motion sickness and its source. The results corroborate that the immersion of the game is good, which suggests that it will help with triggering the phobia.
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Czajkowski, N., K. S. Kendler, K. Tambs, E. Røysamb, and T. Reichborn-Kjennerud. "The structure of genetic and environmental risk factors for phobias in women." Psychological Medicine 41, no. 9 (January 7, 2011): 1987–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291710002436.

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BackgroundTo explore the genetic and environmental factors underlying the co-occurrence of lifetime diagnoses of DSM-IV phobia.MethodFemale twins (n=1430) from the population-based Norwegian Institute of Public Health Twin Panel were assessed at personal interview for DSM-IV lifetime specific phobia, social phobia and agoraphobia. Comorbidity between the phobias were assessed by odds ratios (ORs) and polychoric correlations and multivariate twin models were fitted in Mx.ResultsPhenotypic correlations of lifetime phobia diagnoses ranged from 0.55 (agoraphobia and social phobia, OR 10.95) to 0.06 (animal phobia and social phobia, OR 1.21). In the best fitting twin model, which did not include shared environmental factors, heritability estimates for the phobias ranged from 0.43 to 0.63. Comorbidity between the phobias was accounted for by two common liability factors. The first loaded principally on animal phobia and did not influence the complex phobias (agoraphobia and social phobia). The second liability factor strongly influenced the complex phobias, but also loaded weak to moderate on all the other phobias. Blood phobia was mainly influenced by a specific genetic factor, which accounted for 51% of the total and 81% of the genetic variance.ConclusionsPhobias are highly co-morbid and heritable. Our results suggest that the co-morbidity between phobias is best explained by two distinct liability factors rather than a single factor, as has been assumed in most previous multivariate twin analyses. One of these factors was specific to the simple phobias, while the other was more general. Blood phobia was mainly influenced by disorder specific genetic factors.
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Cottraux, J., E. Mollard, and A. Duinat-pascal. "Agoraphobia with panic attacks and social phobia: a comparative clinical and psychometric study." Psychiatry and Psychobiology 3, no. 1 (1988): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0767399x00001310.

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SummarySeventy one agoraphobie patients with panic attacks, and 54 social phobics, diagnosed according to DSM III criteria have been compared. The two groups were balanced for age, sex, and educational level. Statistical comparisons of clinical, and psychometric variables differentiated the two groups. Panic attacks frequency characterized the agoraphobie patients, while very low assertion scores on Radius’ Assertiveness Schedule characterized social phobies. An association with simple phobias was more frequently found in agoraphobic patients. Comparable levels of generalized anxiety and avoidance were found in the two groups. MMPI mean profile was more disturbed in social phobics. Psychasthenia scale, and anxiety index, were significantly higher in social phobics. Social phobias started earlier, but these patients sought treatment later, and took less psychotropic medication. There was no correlation between assertiveness and panic attacks frequency in the two sub-samples. Principal components analysis of MMPI scales and Assertiveness Schedule confirmed the heterogeneity of the two syndromes. Results are discussed in regard of the extensive use of panic attacks as a general model of anxiety.
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AuBuchon, Peter G., and Karen S. Calhoun. "The Effects of Therapist Presence and Relaxation Training on the Efficacy and Generalizability of in vivo Exposure." Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy 18, no. 3 (July 1990): 169–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0141347300009666.

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The present study examined the effects of therapist presence and the addition of relaxation training on the efficacy and generalizability of in vivo exposure procedures in the treatment of multiply-phobic individuals. Thirty-two individuals who were severely phobic of at least two objects/situations were assigned to one of three treatment groups or a waiting list control group, but received treatment for only one phobia. The Exposure Alone group received prolonged exposure to a phobic stimulus while alone in a room with that stimulus. The Exposure + Relaxation group were also exposed to a phobic stimulus but had received additional training in a relaxation technique. Subjects in the Exposure + Therapist group were accompanied by a nonanxious/nonavoiding “therapist” during exposure sessions. All treatment groups improved significantly, but the Exposure + Therapist group demonstrated significantly greater extinction of fear responses related to the treated phobias than the other groups. The Exposure + Relaxation group demonstrated the greatest generalization of treatment effects to untreated phobias. Clinical and theoretical implications are discussed.
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KENDLER, K. S., K. C. JACOBSON, J. MYERS, and C. A. PRESCOTT. "Sex differences in genetic and environmental risk factors for irrational fears and phobias." Psychological Medicine 32, no. 2 (February 2002): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329170100513x.

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Background. For irrational fears and their associated phobias, epidemiological studies suggest sex differences in prevalence and twin studies report significant genetic effects. How does sex impact on the familial transmission of liability to fears and phobias?Methods. In personal interviews with over 3000 complete pairs (of whom 1058 were opposite-sex dizygotic pairs), ascertained from a population-based registry, we assessed the lifetime prevalence of five phobias and their associated irrational fears analysed using a multiple threshold model. Twin resemblance was assessed by polychoric correlations and biometrical model-fitting incorporating sex-specific effects.Results. For agoraphobia, situational and blood/injury fear/phobia, the best fit model suggested equal heritability in males and females and genetic correlations between the sexes of less than +0·50. For animal fear/phobias by contrast, the best fit model suggested equal heritability in males and females and a genetic correlation of unity. No evidence was found for an impact of family environment on liability to these fears or phobias. For social phobias, twin resemblance in males was explained by genetic factors and in females by familial–environmental factors.Conclusion. The impact of sex on genetic risk may differ meaningfully across phobia subtypes. Sex-specific genetic risk factors may exist for agoraphobia, social, situational and blood-injury phobias but not for animal fear/phobia. These results should be interpreted in the context of the limited power of twin studies, even with large sample sizes, to resolve sex-specific genetic effects.
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Solyom, L., B. Ledwidge, and C. Solyom. "Delineating Social Phobia." British Journal of Psychiatry 149, no. 4 (October 1986): 464–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.149.4.464.

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The natural history-including psychiatric symptoms, precipitating factors, onset and course of illness, and personality characteristics-of 47 social phobics, 80 agoraphobics, and 72 simple phobics was examined. The social phobia group differed from the agoraphobia group by having a lower mean age, fewer females and married members, and a higher educational and occupational status. They were less fearful generally, less obsessive, and less likely to follow a fluctuating or phasic course. There was overlap between the two groups with regard to main phobias, and they were similar with regard to adjacent symptomatology. Both the social and agoraphobia groups differed in similar and significant ways from simple phobics.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Phobias"

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Maki, Kristen M. "The Effects of Stress Induction on Pre-attentive and Attentional Bias for Threat in Social Anxiety." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2003. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/MakiKM2003.pdf.

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Cavanagh, Kate. "UCS expectancy biases and specific phobias." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300600.

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There is now considerable evidence that phobic responding is associated with a bias towards expecting aversive or traumatic outcomes following encounters with the phobic stimulus (e.g. Davey, 1995). In terms of conditioning contingencies, this can be described as a bias towards expecting an aversive or traumatic outcome (the unconditioned stimulus - UCS) following a phobic stimulus (the conditioned stimulus - CS). Research into the role of UCS expectancy biases in the development and maintenance of specific phobias has three basic requirements. First, it is not clear whether the ues expectancy biases evidenced in specific phobias represent a stimulus specific response or a more generalised associative phenomenon. Second, it is not clear what dispositional or state factors might contribute to the development and maintenance of such ues expectancy biases. Third, it is not clear what type of cognitive mechanisms might underlie UCS expectancy biases. This thesis uses a thought experiment version of a threat conditioning procedure to explore these requirements. The key findings indicate that spider phobics tend to overestimate the likelihood of aversive outcomes following phobic, but not other fear relevant stimuli, and tend to underestimate the likelihood of aversive outcomes following fear irrelevant stimuli in comparison to non-phobic controls. This dichotomous ues expectancy bias is mirrored both in the evaluation of stimuli in terms of dangerousness and valance, and in the generation of harm and safety cues with regards to these stimuli. Both positive and negative mood states, but not arousal states contributed to ues expectancy inflation, and in the case of revulsive animals induced state disgust also increased reported ues expectancies. The thesis concludes with an evaluation of the role of UCS'S expectancies in the development and maintenance of specific phobias, and a discussion of the implications of these findings for our understanding of the information processing mechanisms underlying the specific phobias.
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Kenwright, Mark Stuart. "Computer-aided self-treatment for phobias." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429942.

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Kwon, Remi Jounghuem. "Anxiety activating virtual environments for investigating social phobias." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2010. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/3915/.

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Social phobia has become one of the commonest manifestations of fear in any society. This fear is often accompanied by major depression or social disabilities. With the awareness that fear can be aggravated in social situations, virtual reality researchers and psychologists have investigated the feasibility of a virtual reality system as a psychotherapeutic intervention to combat social phobia. Virtual reality technology has rapidly improved over the past few years, making for better interactions. Nevertheless, the field of virtual reality exposure therapy for social phobia is still in its infancy and various issues have yet to be resolved or event uncovered. The key concept of virtual reality exposure therapy in the treatment of social phobia is based on its characteristic of perceptual illusion - the sense of presence - as an anxiety-activating system, instead of conventional imaginal or in-vivo exposure techniques. Therefore, in order to provoke a significant level of anxiety in virtual environments, it is very important to understand the impact of perceptual presence factors in virtual reality exposure therapy. Hence, this research mainly aims to investigate all the aspects of the correlation between anxiety and the components of the virtual environment in a computer-generated social simulation. By understanding this, this thesis aims to provide a framework for the construction of effective virtual reality exposure therapy for social phobia care which enables anxiety stimuli to be controlled in a gradual manner as a conventional clinical approach. This thesis presents a series of experimental studies that have been conducted with a common theme: the function of 3D inhabitants and visual apparatus in anxiety-activating virtual social simulation, a job-interview. However, each study is conducted using different research objectives. The experimental results are presented in this thesis, with psycho-physiological approach, revealing a variation of the distribution of participants' anxiety states across various VR conditions. The overall conclusion of this research is that an appropriate realism of VR stimuli is essential in sustaining the state of anxiety over the course of VR exposure. The high fidelity of virtual environment generally provoke a greater degree of anxiety, but this research also shows that aspects of VR fidelity is more related to the mental representation of individuals to the context of the stressful situation rather than any technology that is being used.
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Lively, Suzanne. "Misinterpretation of Ambiguous Bodily Sensations and Situational Phobias." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506927.

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Thorpe, Susan Jane. "Cognitive processes in specific phobias and their treatment." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:e6697f28-16f3-4771-af14-4aa47aaaf4d3.

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Haberkamp, Anke [Verfasser], and Thomas [Akademischer Betreuer] Schmidt. "Enhanced information processing of phobic natural images in participants with specific phobias / Anke Haberkamp. Betreuer: Thomas Schmidt." Kaiserslautern : Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1047796295/34.

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Trigo, Algar Antonio Rafael. "Serious Games For Overcoming Phobias : The Benefits of Game Elements." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-9513.

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This thesis analyses the benefits of applying game elements to a Virtual Reality application for overcoming phobias, with a special focus on acrophobia, i.e. the fear of heights. Two different prototypes using the Oculus Rift head-mounted display were developed with a gradually exposure to heights. Both prototypes shared the same acrophobic scenario, but one included extra features from games such as engagement, motivation or goals. Twenty-four participants, divided into two groups of twelve, with moderate aversion to heights tested the prototypes. The participants’ heart rate and the time that they looked down from high altitudes were also measured and evaluated. The study showed slightly higher results regarding motivation for the prototype which included the additional game elements. Future studies should include a different head-mounted display, which would allow a longer time of play without motion sickness, and the participation of people diagnosed with acrophobia.
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Overveld, Waltherus Johannes Maria van. "Disgust in specific phobias a dirt road to anxiety disorders /." Maastricht : Maastricht : Universitaire Pers ; University Library, Universiteit Maastricht [host], 2008. http://arno.unimaas.nl/show.cgi?fid=14318.

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Oar, Ella. "Blood-Injection-Injury Phobia in Children and Adolescents." Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366586.

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Blood-Injection-Injury (BII) phobia is a complex and debilitating condition that is associated with excessive fear and avoidance of seeing blood or injuries, receiving injections or invasive medical procedures (American Psychiatric Association (APA), 2013). It effects 3 to 4% of adults and 0.8 to 1% of children and adolescents, and can lead to serious health consequences as sufferers may avoid seeking assistance from health professionals or receiving medical treatments for diagnosed illnesses (Depla, ten Have, van Balkom, & Graaf, 2008; Essau, Conradt, & Petermann, 2000; Öst & Hellström, 1997). BII phobia has largely been neglected in the child and adolescent literature. To date the majority of the research relating to this disorder has been conducted with adults. From the adult literature it is evident that BII phobia has a complex clinical presentation that is characterised by a unique physiological (e.g., fainting) and emotional (e.g., disgust) response. Behavioural and cognitive behavioural therapies (CBT) have received the strongest empirical support for the treatment of adult BII phobia. The efficacy of CBT approaches with children and adolescents however is less clear, as these youth have been excluded from a number of the large randomised controlled trials (RCT) for childhood specific phobia (Ollendick et al., 2015; Ollendick et al., 2009), owing to their unique physiological response (e.g., fainting), difficulties associated with the delivery of treatment (e.g., the involvement of medical professionals) and their arguably poorer treatment response (Öst, Svensson, Hellstrom, & Lindwall, 2001).
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Applied Psychology
Griffith Health
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Books on the topic "Phobias"

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Buchanan, Heather, and Neil Coulson. Phobias. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36370-0.

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Maj, Mario, Hagop S. Akiskal, Juan José López-Ibor, and Ahmed Okasha, eds. Phobias. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470014113.

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(Firm), Learning Channel, and Films for the Humanities (Firm), eds. Phobias. Princeton, N.J: Films for the Humanities & Sciences, 2005.

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Neil, Coulson, ed. Phobias. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012.

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association), MIND (Mental health, ed. Phobias. London: MIND, 2000.

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1953-, Maj Mario, ed. Phobias. Chichester, West Sussex, England: J. Wiley, 2004.

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M, Hovanec Erin, ed. Phobias. New York: Rosen Pub., 2012.

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Henley, Arthur. Phobias: The crippling fears. Secaucus, N.J: Lyle Stuart, 1987.

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Stelingowska, Barbara. Arachnofobia: Metaforyczne odsłony kobiecych lęków : peregrynacje w przestrzeniach kultury. Siedlce: Instytut Filologii Polskiej i Lingwistyki Stosowanej UPH w Siedlcach, 2013.

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Pyle, Corinne. Funky Phobias. New York, NY, USA: Lemon Drop Press, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Phobias"

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Marks, Isaac, and David Mataix-Cols. "Diagnosis and Classification of Phobias: A Review." In Phobias, 1–60. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470014113.ch1.

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Andrews, Gavin. "Epidemiology of Phobias: A Review." In Phobias, 61–115. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470014113.ch2.

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Stein, Dan J., Bavanisha Vythilingum, and Soraya Seedat. "Pharmacotherapy of Phobias: A Review." In Phobias, 117–77. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470014113.ch3.

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Barlow, David H., David A. Moscovitch, and Jamie A. Micco. "Psychotherapeutic Interventions for Phobias: A Review." In Phobias, 179–244. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470014113.ch4.

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Ollendick, Thomas H., Neville J. King, and Peter Muris. "Phobias in Children and Adolescents: A Review." In Phobias, 245–302. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470014113.ch5.

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Demyttenaere, Koen, Ronny Bruffaerts, and Andy De Witte. "Social and Economic Burden of Phobias: A Review." In Phobias, 303–53. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/0470014113.ch6.

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Buchanan, Heather, and Neil Coulson. "Phobia: An introduction." In Phobias, 1–15. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36370-0_1.

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Buchanan, Heather, and Neil Coulson. "Specific phobia: Diagnosis and classification." In Phobias, 16–40. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36370-0_2.

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Buchanan, Heather, and Neil Coulson. "Development of specific phobia: Explanations and perspectives." In Phobias, 41–66. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36370-0_3.

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Buchanan, Heather, and Neil Coulson. "Specific phobia: Treatment." In Phobias, 67–91. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-230-36370-0_4.

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Conference papers on the topic "Phobias"

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Pascal, Simona alexandra, Catalin Nedelcea, and Ioana roxana Podina. "THE ROLE OF DISGUST AND FEAR IN THE EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT: THEORETICAL ASPECTS AND PROPOSAL OF A COMPUTERIZED INTERVENTION." In eLSE 2019. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-19-044.

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Disgust represents an important emotion in the maintenance of anxiety symptoms, especially in phobias, but it is disregarded in the assessment of symptoms, even if studies show that disgust could change their manifestation. So far, the main emotion studied in specific phobias is fear, which is almost always provoked, persistent, and accompanied by the avoidance of the phobic object. Children exposed to a frightening event are at risk to develop specific phobias. Once developed, it may be maintained by cognitive biases and can interfere with daily activities. In the light of these issues, the current research provides a summary of the relevant studies made on emotions in children and adolescents with anxiety symptoms and the main implications in educational environment. Relevant research made on both emotions emphasize that even if fear has a more essential role in anxiety disorders, disgust also has an impact on specific phobias reactions; these two emotions have different relative influence in phobias. The aim of this research is to propose a computerized intervention for managing emotions in adolescents. The intervention is based on virtual exposure to stimuli related to specific phobia described in DSM-5 (animals, injury, situational). It is a computerized version of exposure technique protocol and participants will be gradually exposed to those stimuli that increase the level of disgust and fear. Using this application for managing emotions, the intervention aims to increase adaptive behaviors that could be used by participants in phobic situations. Also, theoretical and practical implications in educational environment will be discussed.
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Stefanova, Milena, Margherita Pillan, and Alberto Gallace. "Influence of Realistic Virtual Environments and Humanlike Avatars on Patients With Social Phobia." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-70265.

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Abstract The practice of treating phobias with Virtual Reality-based therapies is a well-established field. Understanding the level of realism required by the therapy to be most effective is an essential matter of study. This research aims to explore the effects of visual realism on the emotional response in subjects with social phobia when exposed to VR-based applications. Social phobias are triggered by the presence of other people, which translated into virtual environments, refers to avatars. Our hypothesis is that patients with social phobia experience different emotional response to humanlike avatars compared to people without social phobia. To try the hypothesis, a prototype-based survey is conducted. Three types of avatars are implemented with different levels of human likeness: low, medium, and high. The analysis of the collected data suggests that for people with social phobias the anxiety is lowest for avatars with high levels of human likeness. This result is in direct contrast with the uncanny valley effect theory. The research explores how we should design virtual environments to make them more effective in the treatment of phobias. Moreover, the research produces new knowledge about the perception of humanlike avatars in virtual reality.
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Stanica, Iulia cristina, Mariaiuliana Dascalu, Alin Moldoveanu, Constantanicoleta Bodea, and Sorin Hostiuc. "A SURVEY OF VIRTUAL REALITY APPLICATIONS AS PSYCHOTHERAPEUTIC TOOLS TO TREAT PHOBIAS." In eLSE 2016. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-16-056.

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The current paper presents a survey on virtual reality applications and analyses their utility as tools for learning how to overcome phobias, thus improving one's quality of life. Nowadays, phobias do not have a universal treatment, even though medicine is a constantly evolving field. There are hundreds of well-known phobias, such as Arachnophobia (fear of spiders), Agoraphobia (fear of open spaces), Claustrophobia (fear of closed spaces), as well as bizarre ones, such as Coulrophobia (fear of clowns). In some cases, specialists consider that avoiding the phenomenon which causes the phobia is the sufficient treatment; in others, the exact opposite, being gradually exposed to the object of fear may lead to a cure. We have to start looking for other psychotherapeutic methods, innovative ones, in order to help people surpass their immense fears and improve their life quality. Virtual Reality (VR) is a major current trend, a technology which creates a realistic artificial environment that can have a lot of day-to-day applications. Using IT-based solutions for treating real-life problems, especially medical conditions, can be viewed as controversial and provoke scepticism. The current methods of dealing with phobias will be reviewed, as well as the computer-based or VR-based tools used for this genre of treatment. We will analyse the existent VR applications, the concept behind their mechanism and the possibility of exploiting them in a medical environment. There are a lot of challenges coming from such an innovative field, therefore the paper debates whether these IT instruments are useful, difficult to implement or if they can be tested on real subjects. Based on the results of the survey, we will propose a model of a virtual reality application containing some phobias that it should treat, as well as the principle on which it is based.
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Cooper, Rob. "Overcoming phobias using virtual reality." In ACM SIGGRAPH 96 Visual Proceedings: The art and interdisciplinary programs of SIGGRAPH '96. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/253607.253686.

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Van Treuren, Richard. "Explosion - or Fire? Understanding H2 Phobias." In AIAA Lighter-Than-Air Systems Technology (LTA) Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-1318.

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Zaytzeva, E. L. "Phobias Implementation Through Political Media Discourse." In RPTSS 2017 International Conference on Research Paradigms Transformation in Social Sciences. Cognitive-Crcs, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2018.02.7.

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Mohammed RASHID, Abbas. "COMPULSIVE PHOBIA AND HOW TO TREAT IT IN THE LIGHT OF THE HOLY QURAN." In III. International Research Congress ofContemporary Studiesin Social Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/rimarcongress3-11.

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Phobias or compulsive disorder is considered in the International Classification of Diseases to avoid the largest inherent in the use of the terms (disease-disease) or (illness) and is used here to express the presence of a group of diseases or behaviors that can be distinguished clinically (clinically) and which are accompanied in some cases by distress and confusion of functions in Personal and religious and social deviation or conflict that is not accompanied by a performance defect in personality should not be included within the mental disorders defined within the International Classification of Mental Diseases, so the nature of the research required that I divided it into several demands The first requirement: the causes of phobia and obsessive disorder in the light of the Holy Qur’an The second requirement: his purposes The third requirement: its effects The fourth requirement: its treatment in the light of the Noble Qur’an Finally: the conclusion and the most important sources
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Cruz, Telmo, Susana Bras, Sandra C. Soares, and Jose Maria Fernandes. "Monitoring physiology and behavior using Android in phobias." In 2015 37th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2015.7319206.

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Shunnaq, Sherazade, and Mateus Raeder. "VirtualPhobia: A Model for Virtual Therapy of Phobias." In 2016 XVIII Symposium on Virtual and Augmented Reality (SVR). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/svr.2016.20.

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Cosma, Calin, Alin Moldoveanu, Anca Morar, Florica Moldoveanu, Oana Balan, and Cristian Taslitchi. "TREATING ACROPHOBIA WITH THE HELP OF VIRTUAL REALITY." In eLSE 2017. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-17-150.

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Over the last couple of years, the technology of virtual reality had a massive breakthrough, extending its offerings into multiple fields such as education, arts, therapy, entertainment, architecture, sports, film and many others. In this paper, we will focus on the influence of virtual reality in therapy, with emphasis on treating acrophobia with the help of virtual reality. Using virtual reality to treat acrophobia has proved to be very effective, as numerous studies have shown. As medication and standard cognitive behavioural therapy manage to alleviate the symptoms, the most effective therapies require confronting the trauma itself. Hence, virtual reality therapy is becoming more popular, as it is adopted by hospitals and medical centres. Virtual Reality therapy is used to treat patients with different phobias. The patient is exposed to an artificially created environment, the phobia being triggered by both visual and auditory stimuli. During the session, the therapist can monitor the patient’s reactions and adjust the exposure to the environment - exposure therapy, which implies gradually increasing or decreasing the intensity of the exposure, based on the current level of anxiety.
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Reports on the topic "Phobias"

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Betts, R. R. The PHOBOS experiment. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/166367.

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Shea, J. Y., and A. C. Mignerey. Changes in the PHOBOS magnet design. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/374574.

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Record, Jeffrey. Failed States and Casualty Phobia: Implications for Force Structure and Technology Choices. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada425499.

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Zhang S. Y. Vertical Bump Effect at PHOBOS in Run-4. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1061771.

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Zhang S. Y. Estimate of Cu-Cu Run Experimental Background at Phobos. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1061777.

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Rumolo G. and W. Fischer. Observations on background in PHOBOS and related electron cloud simulations. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1061738.

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One-session treatment is as effective as multi-session therapy for young people with phobias. National Institute for Health Research, April 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/nihrevidence_57627.

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Children with a Specific Phobia do better in Individual CBT than Group CBT and guided parent-led CBT. Acamh, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.13056/acamh.10595.

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Children often present to health care settings with highly impairing and disabling anxiety disorders, including Specific Phobia, Social Anxiety Disorder, Generalised Anxiety Disorder and Separation Anxiety Disorder.
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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Phobias' for particular source types:
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