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Journal articles on the topic 'Phonetic structures'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Taff, Alice, Lorna Rozelle, Taehong Cho, Peter Ladefoged, Moses Dirks, and Jacob Wegelin. "Phonetic structures of Aleut." Journal of Phonetics 29, no. 3 (2001): 231–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jpho.2001.0142.

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2

Midtlyng, Patrick J., and Alan C. L. Yu. "Phonetic structures of Washo." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 117, no. 4 (2005): 2490. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.4787861.

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3

Chen, Chun-Mei. "Phonetic structures of Paiwan." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 34 (January 1, 2004): 30–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.34.2004.201.

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This study focuses upon a detailed description and analysis of the phonetic structures of Paiwan, an aboriginal language spoken in Taiwan, with around 53,000 speakers, Paiwan, a member of the Austronesian language family, is not typologically related to the other languages such as Mandarin and Taiwanese spoken in its geographically contiguous districts, Earlier work on phonological features of Paiwan (Chang, 1999; Tseng, 2003) sought an account in terms of segments and isolated facts about reduplication and stress, without accounting for the possible roles of phrase-level and sentence-Ievel pr

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4

Gierut, Judith A., Christina L. Simmerman, and Heidi J. Neumann. "Phonemic structures of delayed phonological systems." Journal of Child Language 21, no. 2 (1994): 291–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000900009284.

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ABSTRACTThe phonemic inventories of 30 children (aged 3;4–5;7) with phonological delays were examined in terms of featural distinctions in order to address universal vs. individual accounts of acquisition. Phonetic inventories of these same children were also identified for comparison purposes. Across children, four hierarchical and implicationally related types of phonemic inventory were identified. The typology uniquely captured common distinctions maintained by all children, and at the same time, allowed for individual differences in the specific phonemic composition of each system. These c

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Ladefoged, Peter, Jenny Ladefoged, Alice Turk, Kevin Hind, and St John Skilton. "Phonetic Structures of Scottish Gaelic." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 28, no. 1-2 (1998): 1–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100300006228.

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Scottish Gaelic is an endangered language with very few fluent speakers under 60. Recordings were collected in the neighbourhood of Greater Bernera, Lewis, from 11 native speakers. Aerodynamic and palatographic data were collected from one 70-year-old male speaker. Palatographic data made in 1955 by Frederick Macaulay, a Gaelic speaker from South Uist, provided additional information. Analysis showed that all the stops were voiceless unaspirated or aspirated, with the aspirated stops being preaspirated intervocalically. Spectra of various consonants were also determined. Vowel analyses showed

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Gordon, Matthew, and Ayla Applebaum. "Phonetic structures of Turkish Kabardian." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 36, no. 2 (2006): 159–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100306002532.

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This paper reports results of a quantitative phonetic study of Kabardian, a Northwest Caucasian language that is of typological interest from a phonetic standpoint. A number of cross-linguistically rare properties are examined. These features include the phonetic realization of Kabardian's small vowel inventory, which contains only three contrastive vowel qualities (two short vowels and one long vowel), spectral characteristics of the ten supralaryngeal voiceless fricatives of Kabardian, as well as the acoustic, palatographic, and aerodynamic characteristics of ejective fricatives, an extremel

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7

Gordon, Matthew, Jack B. Martin, and Linda Langley. "Some Phonetic Structures of Koasati." International Journal of American Linguistics 81, no. 1 (2015): 83–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/679043.

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Gordon, Matthew, Brian Potter, John Dawson, Willem de Reuse, and Peter Ladefoged. "Phonetic Structures of Western Apache." International Journal of American Linguistics 67, no. 4 (2001): 415–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/466470.

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9

Flemming, Edward, Peter Ladefoged, and Sarah Thomason. "Phonetic structures of Montana Salish." Journal of Phonetics 36, no. 3 (2008): 465–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2007.10.002.

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10

Sands, Bonny, Ian Maddieson, and Peter Ladefoged. "The phonetic structures of Hadza." Studies in African Linguistics 25, no. 2 (1996): 171–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/sal.v25i2.107401.

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Hadza is one of three East African languages with clicks. Previous field repons on this language have disagreed on several of its phonetic chanacteristics, including the number and nature of the clicks. This paper-based on acoustic and aniculatory analyses of data collected in recent fieldwork-presents a more detailed picture than any previous work. Special attention is given to the articulation of the click types and the acoustic features of the click accompaniments, the role of aspiration in distinguishing classes of consonants, and the fonnant structure of vowels.

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11

Fan, Xiaochao, Hongfei Lin, Liang Yang, et al. "Phonetics and Ambiguity Comprehension Gated Attention Network for Humor Recognition." Complexity 2020 (April 29, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2509018.

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Humor refers to the quality of being amusing. With the development of artificial intelligence, humor recognition is attracting a lot of research attention. Although phonetics and ambiguity have been introduced by previous studies, existing recognition methods still lack suitable feature design for neural networks. In this paper, we illustrate that phonetics structure and ambiguity associated with confusing words need to be learned for their own representations via the neural network. Then, we propose the Phonetics and Ambiguity Comprehension Gated Attention network (PACGA) to learn phonetic st

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12

Maddieson, Ian, Heriberto Avelino, and Loretta O’Connor. "The Phonetic Structures of Oaxaca Chontal." International Journal of American Linguistics 75, no. 1 (2009): 69–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/598205.

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13

Heo, Yong. "Consonantal Structures in Phonetics and Phonology." Cross-cultural studies review 1, no. 1-2 (2020): 47–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.38003/ccsr.1.1-2.3.

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The purpose of this study is to present and compare two different approaches (a phonetic approach and a phonological one) for the speech sound systems of natural languages. To this end, this study investigates natural speech sound systems with the consonantal systems of four Slavic languages, Russian, Polish, Czech and Serbian and Croatian, on the basis of phonetic and phonological approaches. In the phonetic approach, the consonant inventories of the four Slavic languages are analyzed with the theory of maximal and sufficient dispersion and the size principle, together with a frequency-based

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14

Zang, Kehe. "On the cognitive strategy of ideographic writing: Taking the semanto-phonetic structure of Chu bamboo-strip scripts as an example." Journal of Chinese Writing Systems 2, no. 1 (2018): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2513850217748208.

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Ideographic writings, such as Chinese characters, do not lay stress on the pronunciation of characters. However, the so-called function of indicating meaning has been reduced in the long history of evolution. A question then arises as to whether it is necessary to maintain such complex structures for modern writings. The main structural type of Chinese character system became the ‘semanto-phonetic structure’ long ago. Shuowen jiezi is the earliest extant compilation of Chinese characters, in which semanto-phonetic characters account for about 81% of the total characters. In fact, the Chu bambo

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15

Ladefoged, Peter, and Ian Maddieson. "Phonetic structures of endangered languages: Investigative techniques." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95, no. 5 (1994): 2876–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.409414.

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16

Ladefoged, Peter, Jenny Ladefoged, and Daniel Everett. "Phonetic Structures of Banawá, an Endangered Language." Phonetica 54, no. 2 (1997): 94–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000262213.

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17

Murashkina, O. V. "Problems in teaching standard Spanish pronunciation to Russian-speaking students." Язык и текст 5, no. 3 (2018): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2018050308.

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The article deals with the problem of the formation of phonological hearing in the process of teaching Spanish as a foreign language. The difference between phonetic systems and phonological structures of native and studied foreign languages is the main reason for linguistic interferences, that is why it is important to shape the allophonic picture when learning the phonetics of the Spanish language.

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18

Coleman, John. "The phonetic interpretation of headed phonological structures containing overlapping constituents." Phonology 9, no. 1 (1992): 1–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675700001482.

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In this paper I shall present a theory of phonetic interpretation of headed phonological representations. The phonological representations in question are non-segmental, hierarchical, graphical objects similar to those in common use in autosegmental, metrical, dependency and ‘government and charm’ phonology, although the details of the phonological formalism I employ are different in some respects from each of these. The theory of phonetic interpretation is based on a parametric, dynamic model of phonetic representation. The distinction between ‘head’ and ‘non-head’ constituents is central to

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19

Vinay, Jean-Paul. "L'enseignement de la prononciation: L'un des buts de l'Association Phonétique International." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 16, no. 1 (1986): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002510030000311x.

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The following text was read at the VIIIth International Congress of Phonetic Sciences, held at the University of Leeds in August 1972. Its contents gave rise to quite a lively discussion, but it was never published. I think the problem still calls for a close scrutiny, particularly at a time when the Association is reconsidering its aims and procedures. Speaking from my experience, I based my argument on the problems of teaching pronunciation of second languages between the two World Wars. This was one of the more important tasks of phoneticians, especially in the UK and, to a lesser extent, i

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20

Blankenship, Barbara. "Phonetic structures of an endangered language: Khonoma Angami." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95, no. 5 (1994): 2875–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.409408.

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21

Flemming, Edward. "Phonetic structures of an endangered language: Montana Salish." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95, no. 5 (1994): 2876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.409410.

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22

Maddieson, Ian, and Peter Ladefoged. "Phonetic structures of endangered languages: Observations and findings." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 95, no. 5 (1994): 2876. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.409412.

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23

Herman, Rebecca. "Phonetic markers of global discourse structures in English." Journal of Phonetics 28, no. 4 (2000): 466–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jpho.2000.0127.

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24

Berkovets, Vira. "Functional field of phonetic word in the modern Ukrainian." Ukrainian Linguistics, no. 47 (2017): 103–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/um/47(2017).103-111.

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This study is devoted to the identification and description of areas of functioning of phonetic words (rhythmical structures, accent-rhythmical structures, rhythmical groups, tacts) in modern Ukrainian. The article highlights the features of using of phonetic words as means of language play in the colloquial, artistic, journalistic (media) functional styles. Also there were investigated the figurative and expressive potential of phonetic words in fiction; the derivational specificity of such words in aspects of general language and occasional derivation in different functional styles in modern

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25

Kim, Eun-Sook. "Morphologically Motivated Prosodic and Metrical Structures." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 29, no. 1 (2003): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v29i1.994.

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Proceedings of the Twenty-Ninth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society: General Session and Parasession on Phonetic Sources of Phonological Patterns: Synchronic and Diachronic Explanations (2003)

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26

Hasan, Aveen Mohammed, and Baydaa Mohammed Saeed Mustafa. "Repetitions, Their Phonetic Features And Functions In Kurmanji Kurdish." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 20 (2016): 250. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n20p250.

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The study deals with the analysis of repetitions, their phonetic structures and functions as demonstrated in the organisation of talk-ininteraction in Kurdish. The repetitions are described as complex phonetic objects whose design has received no previous attention and are neglected by the scholars in the fields of discourse and conversation analysis studies in Kurdish. The main aims of the study are to identify the phonetic characteristics of repetitions in Kurdish, their functions and the relationship between differences in the phonetic features and their functions in speech. The study integ

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27

Bybee, Joan. "Grammatical and lexical factors in sound change: A usage-based approach." Language Variation and Change 29, no. 3 (2017): 273–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954394517000199.

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AbstractThe question of whether or not grammatical factors can condition or block sound change has been discussed from many perspectives for more than a century without resolution (Melchert, 1975). Here we consider studies of sound change in progress which show that words or phrases that are used frequently in the phonetic environment for change undergo the change before those whose use is less frequent in these contexts. Because words of different categories and with different structures also have different distributions, they may occur preferentially in certain phonetic environments. Thus, s

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28

杨, 婉晴. "The Influence of Phonetic Consistency in Different Structures of Phonogram Characters." Advances in Psychology 07, no. 07 (2017): 939–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/ap.2017.77118.

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29

Haładewicz-Grzelak, Małgorzata. "Zabrocki’s structural phonetics in the case study of velar POA assimilation in Latinate prefixation in RP English." Lingua Posnaniensis 56, no. 2 (2014): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/linpo-2014-0011.

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Abstract Zabrocki understood structural phonetics as a branch of phonetics concerned with analyzing acodal (substantial) systems (cf. Bańczerowski 1980: 13). In this theory, each sound has a specific acoustic and articulatory substance. Zabrocki constructed linear substantial sound structures based on measuring the amount of substance implied in the articulation. Diachronic structural phonetics, in turn, is the application of synchronically defined phonetic and acoustic relations to the study of language change. This paper investigates a synchronic scenario for velar POA assimilation in Latina

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30

Kavrakova, Lidiya, Mariya Genova, and Mariya Genova. "A TECHNOLOGICAL APPROACH TO OVERCOME SPECIFIC PHONOLOGICAL ERRORS MADE BY FOREIGN STUDENTS LEARNING BULGARIAN." Knowledge International Journal 28, no. 7 (2018): 2279–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28072279l.

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The purpose of this article is to suggest a technological approach in order to help foreign students learning Bulgarian to overcome specific phonological mistakes at a beginning level.The complex psychological process which takes place during foreign language acquisition is unavoidably accompanied by mother tongue interference. The interference takes place on various levels; however, it is definitely most noticeable with the new phonetic system acquisition. Differentiating phonemes which sound similar is a problematic area in Bulgarian language learning. Foreign students, regardless of their n

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31

López, Verónica González. "Spanish and English word-initial voiceless stop production in code-switched vs. monolingual structures." Second Language Research 28, no. 2 (2012): 243–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0267658312439821.

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The present study examines the production outcomes of late second language (L2) learners in order to determine if the mechanisms that allow the creation of phonetic categories remains available during the lifespan, as the Speech Language Model (SLM) claims. In addition, the study focuses on the type of interaction that exists between the first language (L1) and L2 phonological subsystems. Given the participants’ proficiency level, L1 influence on the L2 is expected, while a bidirectional L1–L2 interaction is unlikely. The main tool used to examine language interaction and category development

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Kilarski, Marcin, and Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kołaczyk. "On extremes in linguistic complexity." Historiographia Linguistica 39, no. 2-3 (2012): 279–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.39.2-3.05kil.

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Summary This article examines common motifs in the accounts of the sound systems of Iroquoian, Polynesian and Khoesan languages as the most well-known cases of extremes in phonetic complexity. On the basis of examples from European and American scholarship between the 17th and early 20th century, we investigate continuities in the description of their seemingly ‘exotic’ inventories and phonotactic structures when viewed from the perspective of European languages. We also demonstrate the influence of phonetic accounts on the interpretation of other components of language and their role in the c

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33

Murashkina, O. V. "To the Issue of Communicative Teaching Foreign Languages." Язык и текст 7, no. 2 (2020): 54–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/langt.2020070206.

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The article deals with the issue of teaching foreign languages with the usage of methods communicative. Communicative approach and communicative method are two interrelated concepts. Language competence developed in social context is the basis for successful communication in the target language. The article deals with the problem of the formation of phonological hearing in the process of teaching Spanish as a foreign language. The problem of learning the correct pronunciation is key in learning Spanish at the initial stage due to the diverse dialectal variability of the Spanish language. The m

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34

Kohler, Klaus J. "Articulatory dynamics of vowels and consonants in speech communication." Journal of the International Phonetic Association 31, no. 1 (2001): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025100301001013.

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This paper provides a statistical account of schwa elision and vowel nasalization, and of nasalization and deletion of plosives in a large corpus of German spontaneous dialogues in comparison with an equally large data base of read speech (sentences and texts) from large groups of North German speakers. The phonetic variability of these phrase-level processes is projected onto the articulatory dynamics in global opening and closing gestures, which are taken to be basic phonetic structures of speech communication. Trends for gesture reorganization are derived from statistics, and related to ext

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35

Tanvi Rajesh Balwani, Surekha Godbole Dubey, Seema Sathe, and Aditi Chandak. "Demystifying Role of Phonetics in Complete Denture." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (2020): 2037–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4417.

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Speech, as formulated, perceived and decoded, is unique to humans. Speech is a learned process which makes use of the anatomical structures designed primarily for deglutition and respiration. The production of sounds requires selective modification and control of an outgoing air stream, which originates from the respiratory apparatus. Speech is a very sophisticated autonomous and unconscious activity. Speech in matured man in a learned habitual neuromuscular pattern which makes use of anatomical structures designed primarily for respiration and deglutition. Because oro-dental morphological fea

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36

Plummer, Andrew R., and Patrick F. Reidy. "Computing low-dimensional representations of speech from socio-auditory structures for phonetic analyses." Journal of Phonetics 71 (November 2018): 355–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.wocn.2018.09.008.

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37

Local, John, and Gareth Walker. "Methodological Imperatives for Investigating the Phonetic Organization and Phonological Structures of Spontaneous Speech." Phonetica 62, no. 2-4 (2005): 120–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000090093.

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38

Lopatina, Ludmila, Ludmila Baryaeva, and Mariya Ivleva. "Dynamic spectral characteristics of defective sounds pronunciation in students with minimal dysarthric disorders." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 12088. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127312088.

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The article is devoted to the analysis of the spectrographic characteristics of defective sounds pronunciation in children with minimal dysarthric disorders (mild dysarthria). These characteristics were obtained in the process of an experimental-phonetic study. It involved the study of the nature of changes that occur during the transition from one sound to another and also during the pronunciation of a single sound. The article presents the results of the experiment carried out on the basis of a qualitative analysis of dynamic spectrograms of syllables; describes the most permanent signs char

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39

Florence, S. Metilda, and S. Mohan. "An Adaptive Approach to Identify Genre in Music Videos Using Word2Vec Model." International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Science and Software Engineering 7, no. 8 (2017): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.23956/ijarcsse.v7i8.11.

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The vector representations of words presented by Word2Vec model have been shown to be very useful in many application developments due to the semantic information they convey. This paper proposes a similar form, the MusicGenre2Vec. MusicGenre2Vec represents the numerical genre features of music segments inside the vector with the intention to describe the phonetic systems of the tune segments in an excellent way. We are hoping the vector representations obtained in this way can describe more precisely the phonetic structures of the Music indicators, so the Music segments that sound alike would

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Cho, Junmo, and Hae-Kyeong Park. "A Comparative Analysis of Korean-English Phonological Structures and Processes for Pronunciation Pedagogy in Interpretation Training." Meta 51, no. 2 (2006): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013253ar.

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Abstract This paper discusses the rationale for providing pronunciation training in B language to students of interpretation working into B. It also provides a thorough comparative analysis of Korean-English phonological structures and processes followed by pedagogical suggestions for instructors of interpretation. This study concludes that with the proper knowledge on the contrastive analyses of phonetic/phonological structures and processes and with proper instruction and practice, Korean students of interpretation will acquire better speech delivery and interpretation quality into English.

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Ganswindt, Brigitte. "Historische Mündlichkeit." Linguistik Online 99, no. 6 (2019): 35–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.13092/lo.99.5963.

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The article demonstrates how to reconstruct an oral historical variety by using modern methods. The phonetic-phonological phenomens of the Regional High German in the 19th century are presented for Segeberg (a town in the North Low German dialect area). Afterwards, the spatial structures of this historical prestigious variety are analysed using statistical methods (cluster analysis and implication analysis).

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HOUGH, CAROLE. "Towards an explanation of phonetic differentiation in masculine and feminine personal names." Journal of Linguistics 36, no. 1 (2000): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226799007975.

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Recent research has identified characteristic differences between the phonetic structures of names and of ordinary nouns, with particularly distinctive patterns being exhibited by feminine personal names. No explanation has yet been found. This paper suggests that the solution lies not in the English sound system, as has previously been assumed, but in differences between the linguistic origins of the various types of material.

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43

Adi, Tom. "The Semantic Dominance of Emotional Templates in Cognitive Structures." International Journal of Synthetic Emotions 6, no. 2 (2015): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijse.2015070101.

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Deep semantics explains how the use of natural language influences human behaviour in all its domains. As it turns out, the phonetic structure of each word root in any language symbolizes an abstract template. In a fully functional human being, this abstract template is subconsciously converted into a practical concrete template that can be used to manage a specific human function in a certain domain. Many such templates have been presented and discussed in the past for the domains of emotions, cognition, economics, and others. In this paper, the author will demonstrate that the manner in whic

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44

Flynn, Suzanne. "Adult L2 Acquisition of Two Distinct Phonetic Forms of Anaphora." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 34, no. 4 (1989): 419–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100024312.

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Perhaps the most pervasive issue in the study of adult second language (L2) acquisition concerns the relative contribution of prior first language (L1) experience — the contrastive component — and universal grammatical principles — the constructive component — to this language learning process. Concern with this issue stems in part from basic linguistic and psychological questions about the nature of language learning in the adult and in part from the desire to integrate these two components within a framework that can provide for a unified theory of language learning in general. Current resea

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Daidone, Danielle, and Sara Zahler. "A Variationist Analysis of Second Language Spanish Trill Production." Studies in Hispanic and Lusophone Linguistics 14, no. 1 (2021): 1–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/shll-2021-2038.

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Abstract The current study examines the production of the Spanish trill by advanced second language (L2) learners using a variationist approach. Findings indicate that learners produced less multiple occlusion trills than native speakers and their variation was not constrained by the same factors as native speakers. Phonetic context conditioned the use of the multiple occlusion variant for native speakers, whereas frequency and speaker sex conditioned this variation for learners, and in the opposite direction of effect as expected from previous native speaker research. Nevertheless, the majori

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이봉형. "Modeling phonetic perception vis-à-vis L2 phonological structures in Korean loanword adaptation and transmission." Korean Journal of English Language and Linguistics 14, no. 3 (2014): 377–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.15738/kjell.14.3.201410.377.

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47

Lorenz, David, and David Tizón-Couto. "Chunking or predicting – frequency information and reduction in the perception of multi-word sequences." Cognitive Linguistics 30, no. 4 (2019): 751–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2017-0138.

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Abstract Frequently used linguistic structures become entrenched in memory; this is often assumed to make their consecutive parts more predictable, as well as fuse them into a single unit (chunking). High frequency moreover leads to a propensity for phonetic reduction. We present a word recognition experiment which tests how frequency information (string frequency, transitional probability) interacts with reduction in speech perception. Detection of the element to is tested in V-to-Vinf sequences in English (e.g., need to Vinf), where to can undergo reduction (“needa”). Results show that reduc

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Erofeeva, Tamara I., and Anastasija S. Chernousova. "WORD MEMORIZATION PROCESS: LINGUISTIC INTERPRETATION (ANALYSIS OF TWO EXPERIMENTS)." Theoretical and Applied Linguistics, no. 2 (2019): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/24107190_2019_5_2_5_17.

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This paper examines the process of memorizing words that are traditional for psychological science from the point of view of linguistic and sociolinguistic approaches. The focus is on memorizing a word as a linguistic symbol, which is a combination of semantic, phonetic and pragmatic structures. We correlate psychological aspects with linguistic ones, address the problem of interaction between mental and linguistic activities, and the way they are manifested in each other; we also determine what effect the word itself has on memorization, and which parameters become “signals” (conditions) for

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Toft, Zoë. "phonetics and phonology of some syllabic consonants in southern British English." ZAS Papers in Linguistics 28 (January 1, 2002): 111–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/zaspil.28.2002.162.

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This article presents new experimental data on the phonetics of syllabic /l/ and syllabic /n/ in Southern British English and then proposes a new phonological account of their behaviour. Previous analyses (Chomsky and Halle 1968:354, Gimson 1989, Gussmann 1991 and Wells 1995) have proposed that syllabic /l/ and syllabic /n/ should be analysed in a uniform manner. Data presented here, however, shows that syllabic /l/ and syllabic /n/ behave in very different ways, and in light of this, a unitary analysis is not justified. Instead, a proposal is made that syllabic /l/ and syllabic /n/ have diffe

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PARADIS, CAROLE, and DARLENE LACHARITÉ. "Apparent phonetic approximation: English loanwords in Old Quebec French." Journal of Linguistics 44, no. 1 (2008): 87–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226707004963.

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A key debate in loanword adaptation is whether the process is primarily phonetic or phonological. Is it possible that researchers on each side are viewing equally plausible, but different, scenarios? Perhaps, in some language situations, adaptation is carried out mainly by those without access to L2 phonology and is, perforce, perceptually driven. In other situations, adaptation may be done by bilinguals who actively draw upon their knowledge of L2 phonology in adapting loanwords. The phonetic strategy would most likely be favored in situations where the vast majority of the population did not

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