Relevant bibliographies by topics / Physiological barrier

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Physiological barrier'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 5 June 2025
Last updated: 2 August 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Physiological barrier"

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Sobel, H. "Barrier dynamics in physiological aging." Medical Hypotheses 40, no. 1 (1993): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0306-9877(93)90200-a.

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McArthur, Simon. "Regulation of Physiological Barrier Function by the Commensal Microbiota." Life 13, no. 2 (2023): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life13020396.

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A fundamental characteristic of living organisms is their ability to separate the internal and external environments, a function achieved in large part through the different physiological barrier systems and their component junctional molecules. Barrier integrity is subject to multiple influences, but one that has received comparatively little attention to date is the role of the commensal microbiota. These microbes, which represent approximately 50% of the cells in the human body, are increasingly recognized as powerful physiological modulators in other systems, but their role in regulating b
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West, JB, and O. Mathieu-Costello. "Pulmonary Blood-Gas Barrier: A Physiological Dilemma." Physiology 8, no. 6 (1993): 249–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physiologyonline.1993.8.6.249.

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The blood-gas barrier needs to be extremely thin for gas exchange, but also immensely strong because the capillary wall stresses become very high during exercise. Failure of the barrier causes high-permeability pulmonary edema or hemorrhage. Avoiding stress failure poses a challenging problem for some animals.
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Sun, Tao, Lixin Huang, Qiuhua Zeng, et al. "Blood-nerve barrier: Structure and opening." Neurology Asia 29, no. 4 (2024): 869–86. https://doi.org/10.54029/2024kwz.

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Like the blood-brain barrier and blood-spinal cord barrier, the blood-nerve barrier (BNB) is one of the crucial tissue barriers of the nervous system. It plays a vital role in homeostasis, physiological protection, and pathological reactions. Various factors, such as biological, physical, and chemical factors, can lead to transient or permanent dysfunction of the BNB. With the advancements in biological techniques and the growing peripheral nerve injuries such as trauma and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, the BNB has gained increasing attention. Moreover, the defensive function of the BNB impe
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Fanea, Laura, Leontin I. David, Andrei Lebovici, Francesca Carbone, and Silviu A. Sfrangeu. "Theoretical Compartment Modeling of DCE-MRI Data Based on the Transport across Physiological Barriers in the Brain." Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/482565.

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Neurological disorders represent major causes of lost years of healthy life and mortality worldwide. Development of their quantitative interdisciplinaryin vivoevaluation is required. Compartment modeling (CM) of brain data acquiredin vivousing magnetic resonance imaging techniques with clinically available contrast agents can be performed to quantitatively assess brain perfusion. Transport of1H spins in water molecules across physiological compartmental brain barriers in three different pools was mathematically modeled and theoretically evaluated in this paper and the corresponding theoretical
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Mao-Qiang, Man, Kenneth R. Feingold, Carl R. Thornfeldt, and Peter M. Elias. "Optimization of Physiological Lipid Mixtures for Barrier Repair." Journal of Investigative Dermatology 106, no. 5 (1996): 1096–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1523-1747.ep12340135.

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Gonscherowski, Vera, Bernhard F. Becker, Louis Moroder, et al. "Calpains: a physiological regulator of the endothelial barrier?" American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 290, no. 5 (2006): H2035—H2042. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00772.2004.

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The intracellular protease calpain, abundant in endothelial cells (EC), is assumed to be inactive under physiological conditions but may account for Ca2+-linked pathophysiological events. However, nonstimulated EC contained autolyzed, activated calpain. Adding 12–48 μM calpain inhibitor I (CI) or 0.5–1 μM of the novel, membrane-permeable conjugate of calpastatin peptide-penetratin (CPP) caused rapid rounding and retraction of cultured EC (phase contrast, capacitance) and translocation of Syk, Rac, and Rho to the membrane, signifying activation upon inhibition of calpain. Isolated hearts (guine
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Selezneva, Inna Alexandrovna, F. N. Gilmiyarova, V. S. Tlustenko, et al. "Hematosalivarian barrier: structure, functions, study methods (review of literature)." Russian Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics 67, no. 6 (2022): 334–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.51620/0869-2084-2022-67-6-334-338.

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The human body consists of various systems (blood, tissues, extracellular fluid, intracellular contents) separated by biological membranes. Physiological barriers ensure the physico-chemical composition of the internal environment remains constant and protects the body from environmental changes. The permeability of the histohematic barrier depends on the concentration of substances in the blood, the body’s condition, external influences, and a number of other reasons caused by stimuli coming from the external or internal environment. Information about the state of the regulatory systems of th
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West, John B. "Thoughts on the pulmonary blood-gas barrier." American Journal of Physiology-Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology 285, no. 3 (2003): L501—L513. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajplung.00117.2003.

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The pulmonary blood-gas barrier is an extraordinary structure because of its extreme thinness, immense strength, and enormous area. The essential components of the barrier were determined early in evolution and have been highly conserved. For example, the barriers of the African, Australian, and South American lungfish that date from as much as 400 million years ago have essentially the same structure as in the modern mammal or bird. In the evolution of vertebrates from bony fishes through amphibia, reptiles, and ultimately mammals and birds, changes in the pulmonary circulation occurred to li
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Zuniga, Kameel, Neda Ghousifam, Lucy Shaffer, et al. "Development of a Static Avascular and Dynamic Vascular Human Skin Equivalent Employing Collagen/Keratin Hydrogels." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 25, no. 9 (2024): 4992. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms25094992.

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One of the primary complications in generating physiologically representative skin tissue is the inability to integrate vasculature into the system, which has been shown to promote the proliferation of basal keratinocytes and consequent keratinocyte differentiation, and is necessary for mimicking representative barrier function in the skin and physiological transport properties. We created a 3D vascularized human skin equivalent (VHSE) with a dermal and epidermal layer, and compared keratinocyte differentiation (immunomarker staining), epidermal thickness (H&E staining), and barrier functi
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Physiological barrier"

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Hom, Sharon. "Modulation of the Blood-Brain Barrier During Hypertension Development." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/196090.

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Hypertension is involved in the exacerbation of stroke. Increased blood-brain barrier (BBB) permeability and cerebral edema formation are potentially lethal complications of cerebral infarction. It is unclear how BBB tight junction (TJ), ion transporter, and protein kinase C (PKC) signaling pathway proteins critical for maintaining brain homeostasis contribute to cerebral infarction during hypertension development. The hypothesis of this study is that hypertension leads to molecular changes in the BBB which predispose the brain to increased cerebral infarct damage following ischemic stroke.
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Ho, Maureen. "The ecophysiology of coral reef macroalgae and their plasticity to environmental changes." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/406055.

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Macroalgae, or seaweeds, are photosynthetic primary producers found in marine, freshwater, and estuarine environments; however, most diversity is found in marine environments. Macroalgae consist of a diverse range of functional groups including filamentous, fleshy and encrusting, and calcareous crustose or non-crustose algae. The diversity and complexity of macroalgae serve different ecological roles and their physiological response under various environments will have implications on community assemblages and overall reef community structure. On coral reefs, changing environments continue to
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Petruschke, Charlotte [Verfasser]. "Cutin, wax and stomatal mutants of Arabidopsis thaliana: chemical and physiological analysis of the leaf barrier properties / Charlotte Petruschke." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1198933666/34.

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Thompson, Brandon. "Hypoxia/Reoxygenation Stress Modulates Atorvastatin Transport at the Blood-Brain Barrier: A Role for Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/337292.

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Cerebral ischemia occurs when blood flow to the brain is insufficient to meet metabolic demand. This can result from cerebral artery occlusion that interrupts blood flow, limits CNS supply of oxygen and glucose, and causes an infarction/ischemic stroke. Ischemia initiates a cascade of molecular events in neurons and cerebrovascular endothelial cells including energy depletion, dissipation of ion gradients, calcium overload, excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, and accumulation of ions and fluid. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption is associated with cerebral ischemia and leads to vasogenic edema
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Bergstrom, Ellie R. "Carbon physiological strategies across dominant Great Barrier Reef crustose coralline algae in the context of evolutionary history and global change." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/402735.

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Crustose coralline algae (CCA) are calcifying marine red macroalgae that play key ecological roles in building and cementing reef structures, and contribute significantly to the coastal marine carbon cycle. Anthropogenic global change is advancing rapidly and its two main threats in the marine realm, ocean acidification (OA) and ocean warming, have been empirically shown to impair the physiology of CCA. However, the presence of CCA in the geological record dates back to more than 180 million years ago, indicating that CCA have endured periods of substantial fluctuation in oceanic temperature a
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Griffin, Marley A. "A model for examining antinuclear antibody circulation and binding capabilities of human serum from systemic lupus erythematosus patients." Virtual Press, 2007. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1371840.

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Antinuclear antibodies (ANA) are used in screening and diagnosis of autoimmune connective tissue disorders including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). CNS related disorders are prevalent in SLE patients (–80%) and ANA binds specific sites within the brain. To investigate ANA infiltration across the blood-brain barrier (BBB), an ANA injectable Lewis rat model was created using 3 rat groups (saline, ANA, and ANA with histamine; since histamine promotes BBB permeability). ANA serum levels were tested for all three rat groups and rats injected with histamine demonstrated signs of histadelia. Bra
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Doo, Steve Shao-Jen. "Understanding the functional role of large benthic foraminifera on coral reefs in a changing climate." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16577.

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Concerns regarding the response of calcifying species in future warmer and more acidic oceans have been raised in many studies. In coral reefs, calcifiers such as large benthic foraminifera (LBFs) play an important role in carbon sequestration and generating carbonate sediments. This thesis documents the importance of LBFs in coral reef environments using satellite imagery in conjunction with ground-truthed photographs to characterize LBF habitats, and subsequently reef-scale biomass on a seasonal scale at One Tree Reef (OTR), Southern Great Barrier Reef. Based on previous models of entire ree
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Wolfe, Steven A. "Implementation of Spatial Learning Assays for Behavioral Assessment of Neuronal Pathology." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1278513916.

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Lindqvist, Mia. "Assessment of the permeability of physiological membranes : A. A study of Stichodactyla helianthus toxin’s potential to penetrate the buccal mucosa and - B. An investigation of the permeability alterations in the blood brain barrier associated with Alzheimer’s disease." Thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-167399.

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A. A study of Stichodactyla helianthus toxin’s potential to penetrate the buccal mucosa Introduction:  Buccal mucosa is an alternative route for drug administration and has advantages over other conventional routes by avoiding both enzymes in the gastro intestinal system and the hepatic first passage mechanism. Stichodactyla helianthus toxin (ShK) is a peptide toxin that blocks potassium channels in T lymphocytes and could be a future treatment for autoimmune diseases when finding a suitable way of administration. Aim:  The purpose of this part of the study was to develop a robust and reproduc
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Cangin, Causenge. "Association of depression with anaerobic muscle strengthening activity, moderate intensity physical activity, long term lipophilic statin usage, and selected co-morbidity: NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey) 1999-2012." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1460067114.

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Books on the topic "Physiological barrier"

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Agner, Tove. Skin barrier function. Karger, 2016.

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Tessler, Gordon S. Breaking the fat barrier. Genesis Way, 1993.

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Thomas, Förster, ed. Cosmetic lipids and the skin barrier. Marcel Dekker, 2002.

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Hammarlund-Udenaes, Margareta, Elizabeth C. M. de Lange, and Robert G. Thorne. Drug delivery to the brain: Physiological concepts, methodologies, and approaches. Edited by American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists. AAPS Press, 2014.

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Alfred Benzon Symposium (45th 1998 Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters). Brain barrier systems: Proceedings of a symposium held at the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences and Letters, August 23-27, 1998. Edited by Moos Knudson Gitte, Moos Torben, and Paulson Olaf B. Munksgaard, 1999.

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Akiyama, Watanabe, ed. Dopamine research advances. Nova Biomedical Books, 2008.

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C, Porter John, Ježová Daniela, and International Congress of Physiological Sciences (31st : 1989 : Helsinki, Finland), eds. Circulating regulatory factors and neuroendocrine function. Plenum Press, 1990.

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1957-, Washington Clive, Wilson Clive George, and Wilson Clive George, eds. Physiological pharmaceutics: Barriers to drug absorption. 2nd ed. Taylor & Francis, 2001.

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Wilson, Clive George. Physiological pharmaceutics: Biological barriers to drug absorption. E. Horwood, 1989.

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1961-, Washington Neena, ed. Physiological pharmaceutics: Biological barriers to drug absorption. E. Horwood, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Physiological barrier"

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Reiss, Carol Shoshkes, and Nannan Chen. "Physiological Pathways Responsible for the Breakdown of the Blood Brain Barrier during Viral Encephalitis." In Blood—Brain Barrier. Springer US, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0579-2_17.

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Fröhlich, Eleonore, and Eva Roblegg. "Mucus as Physiological Barrier to Intracellular Delivery." In Intracellular Delivery II. Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-8896-0_7.

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Alvarez-figueroa*, M. J., and Pablo M. González. "Chapter 6.1. Physiological and Mechanistic Issues of the Skin Barrier." In Drug Discovery. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849735292-00303.

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Lechardeur, Delphine, Pierre Wils, Bertrand Schwartz, and Daniel Scherman. "Functional Expression of Multidrug Resistance P-Glycoprotein in Cellular Models of Physiological Barriers." In Biology and Physiology of the Blood-Brain Barrier. Springer US, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9489-2_30.

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Maher, Sam, Katie B. Ryan, Tauseef Ahmad, Caitriona M. O'driscoll, and David J. Brayden*. "Chapter 2.1. Nanostructures Overcoming the Intestinal Barrier: Physiological Considerations and Mechanistic Issues." In Drug Discovery. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849735292-00039.

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Wilson*, Clive G., and Lay Ean Tan. "Chapter 4.1. Nanostructures Overcoming the Ocular Barrier: Physiological Considerations and Mechanistic Issues." In Drug Discovery. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849735292-00173.

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Lalatsa, Aikaterini, Andreas G. Schätzlein, and Ijeoma F. Uchegbu*. "Chapter 7.1. Nanostructures Overcoming the Blood-Brain Barrier: Physiological Considerations and Mechanistic Issues." In Drug Discovery. Royal Society of Chemistry, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/9781849735292-00329.

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Epstein, Scott K. "Physiological Barriers." In A Practical Guide to Mechanical Ventilation. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470976609.ch20.

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Uchida, Yasuo, Ryohei Goto, Takuya Usui, Masanori Tachikawa, and Tetsuya Terasaki. "Blood-Arachnoid Barrier as a Dynamic Physiological and Pharmacological Interface Between Cerebrospinal Fluid and Blood." In Drug Delivery to the Brain. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-88773-5_4.

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Bekku, Yoko, and Toshitaka Oohashi. "Under the ECM Dome: The Physiological Role of the Perinodal Extracellular Matrix as an Ion Diffusion Barrier." In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology. Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-32-9636-7_8.

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Conference papers on the topic "Physiological barrier"

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Mora-Mendoza, J. L., A. A. Padilla-Viveros, G. Zavala-Olivares, et al. "Electrochemical Kinetics of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria Isolated from a Gas Pipeline." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03548.

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Abstract A strain of sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) was isolated from the inner deposits of a pipeline that transports sour gas in the Marine Region of Mexico. The sample was collected from the 36” Atasta - NohochA pipeline. The strain was identified by 16S rRNA sequential analysis as Desulfovibrio sp. The physiological kinetics in Posgate C media showed sulfate consumption and 30 mM sulfide production up to 250 h. The corrosion rate was evaluated with API XL 52 probes by weight loss and three electrochemical techniques: Rp, EIS and electrochemical noise. When Desulfovibrio sp. was inoculated
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Púa, Lizeth Gutiérrez, Virginia Paredes Méndez, Ana María Fonseca Reyes, Juan Carlos Rincón Montenegro, and Lily Margareth Payares. "Enhanced Corrosion Resistance and Biocompatibility of Pure Magnesium Modified by Calcium Phosphate / Biomass of Chlorella Sp. Coating for Orthopedic Applications." In CONFERENCE 2022. AMPP, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2022-18513.

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Extended Abstract Biomedical metallic materials can be harmful to the human body in the long term due to the release and accumulation of metallic particles resulting from the degradation and corrosion of the material, a consequence of the wear suffered by the implant. Therefore, biodegradable materials have been studied that reduce the risk to health and the need for a second surgical intervention to remove the implant when the tissue is regenerated. Magnesium alloys are possible candidates as degradable biomaterials for temporary implants in various specialties such as traumatology, cardiolog
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Quispe, Rodrigo, Jorge A. Trevino, Faizan Khan, and Vera Novak. "Strategies for nose-to-brain drug delivery." In the 8th International Workshop on Innovative Simulation for Healthcare. CAL-TEK srl, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46354/i3m.2019.iwish.017.

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"Intranasal drug administration is an effective method that has shown promise for delivering drugs directly to the brain. This approach is associated with many challenges, and efficacy in bypassing blood-brain barrier (BBB) is debated. This review describes the pathways of nose-to-brain drug delivery, physicochemical drug properties that influence drug uptake through the nasal epithelium, physiological barriers, methods to enhance nose-to-brain absorption, drug bioavailability and biodistribution, and intranasal devices for nose-to-brain drug delivery. The mechanism of each device is described
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Bell, E. David, Rahul S. Kunjir, and Kenneth L. Monson. "Biaxial and Failure Mechanical Properties of Passive Rat Middle Cerebral Arteries." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53830.

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Cerebral blood vessels are critical in maintaining the health and function of the brain, but their function can be disrupted by traumatic brain injury (TBI), which commonly includes damage to these vessels [1]. However, even in cases where there is not apparent mechanical damage to the cerebral vasculature, TBI can induce physiological disruptions that can lead to breakdown of the blood brain barrier or loss of cerebral autoregulation.
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Bell, E. David, and Kenneth L. Monson. "Cerebrovascular Dysfunction Following Sub-Failure Axial Stretch." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14306.

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Cerebral blood vessels are critical in maintaining the health and function of the brain, but their function can be disrupted by traumatic brain injury (TBI), which commonly includes damage to these vessels [1]. However, even in cases where there is not apparent mechanical damage to the cerebral vasculature, TBI can induce physiological disruptions that can lead to breakdown of the blood brain barrier or loss of cerebral autoregulation.
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Walsh, D., J. F. Boylan, and P. Mcloughlin. "VEGFR2-Dependent Restoration of Pulmonary Endothelial Barrier Function by Perfusion with Optimal Physiological Viscosity Solution Following Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury." In American Thoracic Society 2022 International Conference, May 13-18, 2022 - San Francisco, CA. American Thoracic Society, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2022.205.1_meetingabstracts.a2009.

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Masiuk, D. M., V. S. Nedzvetsky, and A. V. Kokariev. "MODULATION OF IMMUNITY AND BARRIER FUNCTION IN PRE- AND POSTNATAL ANIMAL ONTOGENESIS. PHYSIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF NATURAL RESISTANCE IN SOWS." In MODERN ASPECTS OF NATURAL SCIENCE RESEARCH IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF SOCIETY. Baltija Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-395-8-12.

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Чистоградова, Ольга Александровна. "FEATURES OF ADAPTATION OF FOREIGN STUDENTS TO THE POLYCULTURAL EDUCATIONAL ENVIRONMENT." In Педагогика как основа развития современного общества: сборник статей международной научной конференции (Архангельск, Декабрь 2022). Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37539/221205.2022.11.43.004.

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В статье рассматриваются особенности адаптации иностранных студентов в образовательную и социокультурную среду страны обучения. Выделяются виды адаптации: физиологическая, психологическая, социальная. Актуализируется необходимость развития международного сотрудничества в сфере образовательных услуг. Уточнены такие понятия, как языковой барьер, культурный шок, городская среда, бытовая адаптация. The article discusses the features of the adaptation of foreign students to the new educational and socio-cultural environment. Types of adaptation are distinguished: physiological, psychological, socia
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Daley, Michael L., George A. Burghen, David Meyer, and Paul Maisky. "Racial Difference of Blue-Sensitive Mechanism." In Advances in Color Vision. Optica Publishing Group, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/acv.1992.fb9.

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Acquired loss of color vision is associated with diseases which produce vascular complications that affect the eye.1,2 In particular, the early loss of color vision associated with diabetes mellitus initially influences the blue-sensitive mechanism. Generally, as the disease progresses, loss of green vision becomes evident, and finally, red vision is involved.3 The patho-physiological mechanisms which produce the visual loss appear to be related to optical and neural changes within the eye.4,5 The optical loss may be caused by light scattering produced by plasma proteins which leak into the re
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Antonijević, Marko, Žiko Milanović, Edina Avdović, Dušica Simijonović, and Zoran Marković. "ANOTHER LOOK AT THE BIOLOGICAL ROLES OF A PLANT ALKALOID-BERBERINE." In XXVII savetovanje o biotehnologiji. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Agronomy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/sbt27.455a.

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For millennia, berberine extracts or berberine itself has been the effective traditional drug with wide application due to its broad spectrum of antibiotic activity. A significant aspect of the berberine’s physiological activity that is often overlooked is the ability to go through the blood-brain barrier and has an impact on different processes and irregularities in the brain such as dementia and Alzheimer’s disease. Potential inhibitory activity towards enzymes for which is believed to be involved in these diseases, in this paper is confirmed by molecular docking simulations. Binding energie
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Reports on the topic "Physiological barrier"

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Committee on Toxicology. COT FSA PBPK for Regulators Workshop Report 2021. Food Standards Agency, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.tyy821.

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The future of food safety assessment in the UK depends on the Food Standards Agency’s (FSA) adaptability and flexibility in responding to and adopting the accelerating developments in science and technology. The Tox21 approach is an example of one recent advancement in the development of alternative toxicity testing approaches and computer modelling strategies for the evaluation of hazard and exposure (New Approach Methodologies (NAMs). A key aspect is the ability to link active concentrations in vitro to likely concentrations in vivo, for which physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) mod
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