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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Platinum Group Metals (PGM)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Zhang, Jingshu Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "A bottom-up prospective dynamic materials flow assessment for platinum group metals (PGM) global demand forecast." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/93048.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2014.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 71-77).<br>by Jingshu Zhang.<br>S.M.

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2

Machado, Norma Maria Pereira. "Rheological study of nuclear glass melts containing Platinum Group Metal aggregates." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LORR0018.

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En France, les produits de fission nucléaire issus du retraitement des combustibles usés sont conditionnés au sein de matrices de verres borosilicatés. Lors du processus de vitrification à haute température (1200 °C), les éléments à confiner réagissent chimiquement avec les additifs de vitrification pour former un verre homogène. Cependant, parmi ces éléments, les platinoïdes ne sont pas solubles dans le bain de verre et restent en suspension sous forme de particules de quelques microns. Ces particules présentent une forte tendance à l'agrégation et les suspensions peuvent alors présenter une

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3

Alshana, Usama Ahmed. "Separation And Quantitation Of Some Platinum Group Metals By Rp-hplc." Master's thesis, METU, 2005. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12605760/index.pdf.

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In this study, a reversed-phase high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method has been developed to separate and determine Pt and Pd after formation of their chelates with N,N-diethyl-N&#039<br>-benzoylthiourea (DEBT). With the aim of reducing the number of steps in treating the samples, the method developed does not require the elimination of excess chelating reagent before the analysis of metal chelates. The different physical and chemical parameters affecting separation were examined in details. The whole analysis was completed on a C18 column in 16 min at 280 nm, with the mobile

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4

Kriek, R. J. "Leaching of selected PGMs : a thermodynamic and electrochemical study employing less aggressive lixiviants." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/5611.

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Includes abstract.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 74-79).<br>Historically the platinum group metals (PGMs) have been, and are still being dissolved by means of rather aggressive methods, e.g. aqua regia. Limited research has been conducted into the dissolution of the PGMs using different oxidizing agents. The dissolution of gold on the other hand has been afforded extensive research, and numerous papers and review articles have been published on the subject. The last number of years has seen the biggest application by volume of the PGMs as part of autocatalysts towards the degr

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5

Aiglsperger, Thomas Hans. "Mineralogy and geochemistry of the platinum group elements (PGE), rare earth elements (REE) and scandium in nickel laterites." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/396340.

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Ni laterites are considered worthy targets for critical metals (CM) exploration as rare earth elements (REE), Sc and platinum group elements (PGE) can be concentrated during weathering as a result of residual and secondary enrichment. In this investigation geochemical and mineralogical data of CM from two different nickel laterite types (i) from the Moa Bay mining area in Cuba (oxide type) and (ii) from the Falcondo mining area in the Dominican Republic (hydrous Mg silicate type) are presented. Emphasis is given on examining their potential to accumulate CM and on processes involved. Results s

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6

Van, der Horst Charlton. "Development of a bismuth-silver nanofilm sensor for the determination of platinum group metals in environmental samples." University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4451.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD<br>Nowadays, the pollution of surface waters with chemical contaminants is one of the most crucial environmental problems. These chemical contaminants enter rivers and streams resulting in tremendous amount of destruction, so the detection and monitoring of these chemical contaminants results in an ever-increasing demand. This thesis describes the search for a suitable method for the determination of platinum group metals (PGMs) in environmental samples due to the toxicity of mercury films and the limitations with methods other than electroanalytical methods. This stu

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7

Necib, Ammour Ouarda. "Effect of platinum group metal (PGM) additions on the stress corrosion cracking resistance of type 304 stainless steel in pressurised water reactors." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/effect-of-platinum-group-metal-pgm-additions-on-the-stress-corrosion-cracking-resistance-of-type-304-stainless-steel-in-pressurised-water-reactors(d7578933-6268-4fe8-819e-7b9b066f5c2e).html.

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In pressurised water reactors (PWRs), hydrogen overpressure is used to keep the corrosion potential below the threshold for onset of intergranular stress corrosion cracking (IGSCC) in type 304 SS. However, some regions may contain higher oxygen levels resulting in an increase in the potential. These 'dead space' regions are difficult to access and during refuelling; oxygen may become trapped in these locations. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of PGM additions on IGSCC susceptibility of type 304 stainless steels (SS) in the sensitised state within PWRs. The work pre

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8

Sýkora, Jiří. "Využití iontoměničů pro prekoncentraci platinových kovů." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-295670.

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The aim of this thesis is the elaboration of a detailed literature review on the use of ion exchangers for the preconcentration of platinum group metals. This work contains an actual literature review on this issue. In this work you will find information about the current occurrence of platinum metals in the environment, their impact on health, properties, resources and the use. There are also described ways of decomposition, extraction and use of ion exchangers. In the experimental part this thesis deals with optimization of ion exchangers and following application of real samples from the ci

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9

Gxoyiya, Babalwa Siliziwe Blossom. "Synthesis and evaluation of PGM-selective ligands." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007849.

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A series of polydentate POM-selective, sulfur-containing amide ligands have been synthesized from ro-dibromoalkanes and mercaptoacetanilide, The resulting 3,6- dithiaoctanediamides and 3,7-dithianonanediamides, some of which contain a polymerisable group, were all characterized by high-resolution MS, IR, I Hand I3C NMR spectroscopic methods. Various approaches to the polymerisable ligands were explored, the most efficient proving to be the incorporation of an allyl ether moiety in the mercaptoacetanilide. The corresponding Pd(U) and Pt(II) complexes were also prepared from the metal chloride s

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10

Caddy, Irene. "A platinum life cycle assessment : potential benefits to Anglo Platinum / I. Caddy." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/6279.

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There has been an increased awareness of the inter-dependence between man and the environment since the 1960’s. Environmental awareness has evolved from representing fairly radical views opposing all development, to a current emphasis on sustainable development between development and the environment. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is defined as the identification and quantification of the environmental impacts of a product, process or service during the entire life cycle being studied. The life cycle starts at the extraction of raw materials and the production of energy used to create the produc

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11

Tooze, R. P. "Organometallic compounds of platinum group metals." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37880.

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12

Isbilir, Amina. "Tridentate ligands with platinum group metals." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/42777.

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In this thesis, a series of symmetrical and unsymmetrical pincer ligands are synthesised and explored as supports for platinum group metals, such as palladium, platinum and ruthenium. In Chapters 2 and 3, the synthesis and characterisation of novel pyridine-based dianionic aryl-containing [C,NPy,O] and phenol-containing [O,NPy,O] pincer pro-ligands and their reactivity towards palladium(II) and ruthenium(II) metal precursors is described. [C,NPy,O]-type pincer pro-ligands have been shown to promote sp2 C-H activations upon reaction with palladium(II) and ruthenium(II) metal salts. Phenol-conta

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13

Roberts, Yvonne V. "Macrocyclic complexes of platinum group metals." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/11897.

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A series of half-sandwich complexes, [M([9]aneS<SUB>3</SUB>)*XY]<SUP>n</SUP>+ have been synthesised from MCl<SUB>2</SUB> [M = Pd, Pt,X = Y = Cl<SUP>-</SUP>(n = 0), PPh<SUB>3</SUB>0.5dppm, 0.5dppe,0.5x2, 2'-bipy(n = 2), X = Cl<SUP>-</SUP>, Y = PPh<SUB>3</SUB>(n&61 1); M = Pd, X = Y = 0.5oxytriphos, 0.5x1, 10-phen(n = 2), X = Cl<SUP>-</SUP>, Y = PCy<SUB>3</SUB>(n = 1)]. All but one of the crystal structures [M = Pd, X = Y = Cl<SUP>-</SUP>, PPh<SUB>3</SUB>, 0.5dppm, 0.5oxytriphos, 0.5x2,2'-bipy, 0.5x1,10-phen, X = Cl<SUP>-</SUP>, Y&61 PPh<SUB>3</SUB>; M = Pt, X = Y&61 PPh<SUB>3</SUB>, 0.5dppm] so

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14

Fotheringham, John David. "Heterobimetallic complexes of the platinum group metals." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10906.

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15

Shams, Leyla. "Accumulation of platinum group elements by the marine microalga, Chlorella stigmatophora." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/309.

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Very little information exists on the marine biogeochemistry of Rh, Pd and Pt, or the platinum group elements (PGE), an emerging group of contaminants whose principal emissions are associated with the abrasion of the catalytic converter in motor vehicles and chemotherapy drugs discharged in hospital wastes. In this study, Rh(III), Pd(II) and Pt(IV) were added individually and in combination to cultures of the marine microalga, Chlorella stigmatophora, maintained in coastal seawater at 15oC and under fluorescence lighting both in the presence and absence of trace nutrients (e.g. Fe, Co, Zn and

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16

Harding, Nigel Anthony. "β-thia-alkyl complexes of platinum group metals". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.283721.

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17

Auer, Derek. "Flow-injection analysis of the platinum-group metals." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17511.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>To date the principle methods for the determination of the platinum-group metals (PGMs) use an "off-line" assay with flame-atomic absorption spectrometry and visible spectrometry. Both suffer numerous interferences and involve time-consuming and arduous laboratory separation methods prior to analysis. An "on-line" method for the rapid assay of the PGMs is indeed a lacking component in the analysts' repertoire of methods. This study describes the development of spectrophotometric methods for the determination of the PGMs using flow-injection analysis (FIA

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18

Bradley, Ena. "Electrochemistry of platinum group metals in ionic liquids." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.705896.

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19

Harlow, Karsten James. "Imidazolidene and alkylidene complexes of the platinum group metals." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313729.

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20

Rioche, Cyrille Christophe. "An investigation of platinum group metals for environmental catalysis." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.492038.

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Environmental concerns and more stringent regulations have stimulated the development of new cleaner technologies to decrease the emissions of greenhouse gases and other hazardous gas emissions. In this study, the steam reforming of biooil as well as NOx storage and reduction catalysts were investigated. The production of hydrogen by steam reforming of bio-oils obtained from the fast pyrolysis of biomass requires the development of efficient catalysts able to cope with the complex chemical nature of the reactant. Steam reforming of a few model compounds and that of an actual bio-oil was invest

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21

Heaton, Stephen Nicholas. "Vinylsilane and silyl hydride complexes of platinum group metals." Thesis, University of York, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295650.

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22

Totland, Marina. "Determination of the platinum group metals in geological materials." Thesis, University of London, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390298.

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23

Savage, Paul David. "Organometallic compounds of rhenium and the platinum group metals." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46494.

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24

Arnold, Philip M. "Coordination chemistry of platinum group metals with sulphur-containing ligands." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249298.

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25

Jeffery, Edward. "Hydrogenation of ketones over platinum group metals : a DFT study." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2007. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/54642/.

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The enantioselective hydrogenation of a-ketoesters over a platinum surface modified by cinchona alkaloids has been studied using accurate computational modelling. A series of small prototype compounds were used to interact with the metal surface, leading to the study of acetone adsorption on a platinum surface. It was found that the enol and enolate isomers of acetone may play a crucial role in the surface chemistry. The enol form of acetone was significantly more stable than the keto-form, and the enolate form was also more stable. Vibrational frequency analysis suggests that the enolate form

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26

Freestone, Timothy. "Some aspects of the biocompatibility of the platinum group metals." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.316572.

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27

McKenzie, S. G. "The effect of platinum group metals on duplex stainless steel." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/37782.

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28

Morton-Fernández, Brian. "Synthesis and characterisation of dithiolato complexes with platinum group metals." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/3556.

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The interest in biosensors can be attributed to the first described enzyme containing sensor used to detect levels of glucose in 1962. Although research into biosensors was initially slow to pick up, the field has become increasingly popular and research has been widespread for the last 20 years. The continuing research into biosensors is crucial as this will improve current devices to become smaller, faster and more economical and yield new biosensors. This thesis is mostly concerned with the development of an integral component of a biosensor, the redox mediator. Complexes of ruthenium incor

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29

Wilson, Andrew Matthew. "Ditopic reagents for the solvent extraction of platinum group metals." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16864.

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This work aims to develop solvent extractants to recover platinum and palladium from highly acidic chloride solutions bearing other platinum group metals (PGMs). In general, metal values can be recovered by solvent extraction through three different mechanisms: metal cation extraction (1); metalate anion extraction (2); or metal salt extraction (3). Mn- + n(LH)(org) ⇌ [M(L)n](org) + nH+ (1) MClx n- + nL(org) + nH+ ⇌ [MClx(LH)n](org) (2) MClx + nL(org) ⇌ [MClxLn](org) (3) The main objective of this thesis is to establish whether ditopic extractants can be developed which have chemical functiona

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30

Flynn, Allison. "Transition metals as anti-tumoral agents : some structure-function relationships of the platinum group metals /." Master's thesis, This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-03022010-020016/.

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31

Kaukonen, R. (Risto). "Sulfide-poor platinum-group element deposits:a mineralogical approach with case studies and examples from the literature." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2008. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514289545.

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Abstract Sulfide-poor deposits of platinum-group elements (PGE) occur in two main types: silicate-type and oxide-type. In the silicate-type mineralization PGE form discrete platinum-group minerals (PGM) that occur as inclusions in various silicate minerals. In the oxide-type mineralization PGM may have different modes of occurrence. They may be associated with silicates or they may occur as inclusions in chromite, magnetite or ilmenite, for example. In some cases they may even be associated with base metal sulfides. The approach chosen in this work is mainly a mineralogical one. PGM paragenes

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32

Shi, Peipei. "Geochemical assessment of the bioavailability of platinum group metals for phytomining." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/57880.

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Phytomining is suggested as a novel technology to obtain platinum group metals (PGMs) nanoparticles from plants grown on the mineralized soil, rock, or on mine wastes. The primary determinant of metal uptake by a plant is the bioavailability of the metal in the soil-plant system. In this thesis project, the bioavailability of PGMs of several PGM-rich materials is assessed with respect to phytomining. Notably, feed, concentrate and tailings from North American Palladium (NAP) in Canada, and two gossan samples from Broken Hill (BH) mineral complex in Australia are assessed in the context of phyt

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33

Wright, Edward Anthony. "A study of the hydrogen evolution reaction on platinum group metals." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414258.

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34

Morales-Morales, David. "New sulphur complexes of platinum group metals as potential homogeneous catalysts." Thesis, University of Essex, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.242265.

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35

Javu, Bulelwa Patricia. "Multi-component Platinum Group Metals for the methanol electro-oxidation process." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6571.

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>Magister Scientiae - MSc<br>The purpose of this study was to develop a high performance-lower cost catalyst to be applied in Direct Methanol Fuel Cells (DMFC). The study also aimed to prepare plurimetallic supported platinum (Pt), platinum-ruthenium (PtRu), platinum-ruthenium-vanadium (PtRuV) and platinum ruthenium-vanadium-iron (PtRuVFe) upon multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) as well as upon multiwalled carbon nanotube-titanium oxide (MWCNT/TiO2) supports. Platinum is very active but prone to poisoning by carbon monoxide (CO), which may be present in the fuel used in fuel cells. Th

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36

McInnes, Eric J. L. "Physico-chemical studies of coordination complexes of the platinum group metals." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/12617.

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This thesis is concerned with the electrochemistry and spectroscopy of redox-active late transition metal complexes of the 2,2'-bipyridine ligand (bpy) and their reduction products. Complexes of general formula [Ph(4,4'-X<SUB>2</SUB>-bby)L<SUB>2</SUB>] (where L is a non redox-active ligand and X = NH<SUB>2</SUB>, OEt, Me, H, Ph, C1, CO<SUB>2</SUB>Me) undergo two one-electron reductions as revealed by cyclic voltammetry. The absorption spectra of the one-electron reduction products reveal the first of these reductions to be localised on the bpy ligand giving rise to radical anion ligand complex

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37

Zhou, Yi. "Platinum group metals catalyzed steam methane reforming via micro-channel reactor." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8703.

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Includes bibliographical references.<br>Steam methane reforming is a well-established industrial process used for generating hydrogen and synthesis gas. By performing this reaction in micro-channel reactors it is possible to take advantage of increased heat and mass transfer rates, allowing equipment size and residence times to be decreased by an order of magnitude which, in turn, leads to the possible utilisation of small scale steam reformers for portable fuel cell power systems. In this study, two commercial steam reforming catalysts, namely catalysts YR and XR, and a single in-house synthe

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38

Surakitbanharn, Yosyong. "The efficient separation of platinum group metals using centrifugal partition chromatography." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186074.

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Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (CPC) is a multistage liquid-liquid countercurrent distribution technique which utilizes rotating teflon cartridges to hold a liquid phase stationary while the other liquid phase is pumped at a constant flow rate. It has been demonstrated to be a valuable technique for the base line separations of families of metal ions such as the platinum group metals (PGM)--Pt, Pd, Rh and Ir. The separations of these metals as their anionic chloro complexes were achieved using the heptane-water phase pair with a stable and relatively inexpensive extractant trioctylphosph

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39

Wang, Sherrie Fang. "The coordination chemistry of tripodal phosphine chalcogenide ligands with platinum group metals." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ34289.pdf.

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40

Mwase, James Malumbo. "Hydrometallurgical extraction of platinum group metals from a low-grade ore concentrate." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8966.

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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 143-153).<br>The aim of this study is to investigate the economic and technical feasibility of processing platinum group metals (PGMs) and base metals (BMs) from a low-grade ore concentrate produced in the concentrator plant at Lonmin Pic. The PGMs of particular interest are platinum, palladium, ruthenium and rhodium, while the BMs of interest are copper and nickel. The ore concentrate, as a by-product, represents only 5 % of the total PGM value but as much as 70 % of the total tonnage of material processed in the concentrator plant. Further upgradin

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41

Chatterjee, Sayandev. "Cooperative Two-Electron Reagents of Lower Transition Metals of Group 10." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1250266435.

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42

Nassar, Roger Abdo. "Coordination of some monodentate and hybrid multidentate phosphine ligands to platinum group metals." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30050.

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A range of low-valent late transition-metal triarylphosphine complexes have been prepared and characterised by a combination of 1H, 31P and 19F (as appropriate) NMR and IR spectroscopies and mass spectrometry. Some of these complexes have been isolated as single crystals and characterised by X-ray diffraction. The triarylphosphine ligands used in this study were P(4-CH3OC6H4)3, P(4-HOC6H4)3, P(2-CH3OC6H4)3, PPh2(2-CH3OC6H4), P(2-HOC6H4)3 and PPh2(2-C2H3C6H4) whilst the transition-metals were platinum(II), palladium(II), rhodium(I), rhodium(III), osmium(II) and ruthenium(II). This work has show

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43

Bernardis, Francesco Luigi. "Development of novel chromatographic media for the separation of the platinum-group metals." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.410220.

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44

Murray, Angela Janet. "Recovery of platinum group metals from spent furnace linings and used automotive catalysts." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2012. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7210/.

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The availability of finite resources is uncertain due to the worldwide increase in population growth and global industrialisation. Consequently, there is a pressing need for substitutive replacements and methods of replenishing stocks by recycling. The platinum group metals (PGMs) are rare, expensive elements with an unpredictable supply chain and a wide range of industrial applications for which there are often no substitutes. Mining from primary ores is environmentally damaging; hence recycling is vital to minimise losses and maintain stock at sustainable levels. This work investigates the f

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45

Tsoureas, Nikolaos. "Synthesis of phosphine - and pyridine - functionalised N-heterocyclic carbene complexes of platinum group metals." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494717.

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46

Brothwood, Susan. "Vehicle related emissions of platinum group elements and other heavy metals in the urban environment." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289175.

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47

Mulwanda, James. "Recovery of dissolved platinum group metals from a pregnant copper sulphate leach solution by precipitation." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86538.

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Thesis (MEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In Base Metal Refineries (BMRs), the copper sulphate leach solution produced during the final pressure leaching stage contains impurities such as selenium and tellurium, as well as other precious metals (OPMs, namely Rh, Ru, and Ir). Se and Te are removed by precipitation with sulphur dioxide prior to electrowinning of Cu. While a small percentage of the dissolved OPMs precipitate with the Se and Te, the largest portion remains in solution and is recycled to the first stage leach. If a larger portion of the OPMs in solutio

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48

Hyman, Matthew P. "A theoretical study of the electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction and related reactions on platinum group metals." Connect to online resource, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3273680.

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Monahan, Jennifer L. "Skeletal Pathology of Tibiotarsi in Chick Embryos Exposed to Platinum Group Metals by Micro-Raman Spectroscopy." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1278554763.

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50

Mack, Cherie-Lynn. "Screening of technologies for the recovery of rhodium (III) metal ions from a precious metal refinery wastewater." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1004046.

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Abstract:

The selective recovery of rhodium from wastewaters, in which the metal would be otherwise lost, would be highly profitable if the process were suitably low-cost. Current recovery processes are generally high maintenance and high-cost, whereas biological processes can be engineered to run with little external input in terms of cost and maintenance. Three emerging technologies were chosen based on their reported efficiency when removing base metals from wastewaters. The first technology screened, the sulphide-extraction membrane bioreactor (SEMB), consists of a sulphate-reducing prokaryote (SRP)

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