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Journal articles on the topic 'Platinum Group Metals (PGM)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 8 June 2024

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Thompson, David T. "Catalysis by Gold/Platinum Group Metals." Platinum Metals Review 48, no. 4 (2004): 169–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1595/003214004x484169172.

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The recent surge of new interest in catalysis by gold (–) has led researchers to investigate the effects of adding other metals to the gold. As a result, there are a number of reactions with potential for industrial application where combinations of gold with a platinum group metal (pgm) have been shown to have advantages over either gold or the pgm alone. These findings are expected to lead to applications in chemical processing, pollution control and fuel cell applications. Here, a number of catalytic processes that have benefited from the synergy between a pgm and gold are described, and so

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Kulikov, M., and E. Kopishev. "Review: Extraction of platinum group metals from catalytic converters." BULLETIN of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Chemistry. Geography. Ecology Series 142, no. 1 (2023): 37–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6771-2023-142-1-37-71.

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Platinum group metals (PGM) are widely used in catalytic industry due to their outstanding physical and chemical properties (high-temperature stability, high catalyst activity, high heat resistance, high corrosion resistances). They are used in medical fields, electronics, oil refining, production of ammonia, fuel cells, automotive industry. Catalytic wastes are an important secondary source of metals because recycling of wastes is more economical and ecological way of metals obtaining compared to mining from ores. Spent automotive catalyst is a rich source of platinum group metals [PGM: plati

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Kulikov, M., and E. Kopishev. "Review: Extraction of platinum group metals from catalytic converters." BULLETIN of L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. CHEMISTRY. GEOGRAPHY. ECOLOGY Series 142, no. 1 (2023): 36–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-6771-2023-142-1-36-73.

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Platinum group metals (PGM) are widely used in catalytic industry due to their outstanding physical and chemical properties (high-temperature stability, high catalyst activity, high heat resistance, high corrosion resistances). They are used in medical fields, electronics, oil refining, production of ammonia, fuel cells, automotive industry. Catalytic wastes are an important secondary source of metals because recycling of wastes is more economical and ecological way of metals obtaining compared to mining from ores. Spent automotive catalyst is a rich source of platinum group metals [PGM: plati

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4

Diac, Cornelia, Florentina Iuliana Maxim, Radu Tirca, et al. "Electrochemical Recycling of Platinum Group Metals from Spent Catalytic Converters." Metals 10, no. 6 (2020): 822. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10060822.

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Platinum group metals (PGMs: Pt, Pd, and Rh) are used extensively by the industry, while the natural resources are limited. The PGM concentration in spent catalytic converters is 100 times larger than in natural occurring ores. Traditional PGM methods use high temperature furnaces and strong oxidants, thus polluting the environment. Electrochemical studies showed that platinum can be converted to their chloride form. The amount of dissolved PGM was monitored by inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectroscopy and the structure was identified by ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. An elec

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Murray, Angela J., I. P. Mikheenko, Elzbieta Goralska, N. A. Rowson, and Lynne E. Macaskie. "Biorecovery of Platinum Group Metals from Secondary Sources." Advanced Materials Research 20-21 (July 2007): 651–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.20-21.651.

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Since 1998 demand for the platinum group metals (PGM) has exceeded supply resulting in large price increases. Undersupply, combined with rising costs prompts environmentally friendly recycling technologies. Leachates containing PGM were produced from secondary waste sources using microwave leaching technology with the aim of recovering precious metals using bacterial biomass. Previous studies showed that metallised biomass exhibits catalytic activity; hence metal is not only recovered but can be converted into a valuable product. Cells of Escherichia coli MC4100 that had been pre-metallised wi

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Du, Lei, Gaixia Zhang, and Shuhui Sun. "Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells with Platinum Group Metal (PGM)-Free Cathode." Automotive Innovation 4, no. 2 (2021): 131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42154-021-00146-0.

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AbstractProton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells have gained increasing interest from academia and industry, due to its remarkable advantages including high efficiency, high energy density, high power density, and fast refueling, also because of the urgent demand for clean and renewable energy. One of the biggest challenges for PEM fuel cell technology is the high cost, attributed to the use of precious platinum group metals (PGM), e.g., Pt, particularly at cathodes where sluggish oxygen reduction reaction takes place. Two primary ways have been paved to address this cost challenge: one named

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Devyatykh, E. A., T. O. Devyatykh, and A. N. Boyarsky. "Survey of Methods of Refining Catalysts for the Extraction of Platinum Group Metals." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 528–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.528.

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Currently, about 80% of all industrial chemical reactions are carried out with the help of catalysts or depend on catalytic processes. In this case, catalysts containing platinum group metals (hereinafter - PGM) occupy a special position, due to their high catalytic activity and selectivity. A significant part of the net global demand for PGM is for the production of catalysts, accounting for approximately 45% for platinum, 30% for palladium, 92% for rhodium, 35% for ruthenium, 15% for iridium. The most important condition for the economical use of catalysts containing precious metals is their

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Hutchinson, David, Jeffrey Foster, Hazel Prichard, and Sarah Gilbert. "Concentration of Particulate Platinum-Group Minerals during Magma Emplacement; a Case Study from the Merensky Reef, Bushveld Complex." Journal of Petrology 56, no. 1 (2015): 113–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/petrology/egu073.

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Abstract The petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry of a section of the Merensky Reef at Bafokeng Rasimone Platinum Mine (BRPM) are described. A model for the formation of platinum-group minerals (PGM), sulphide and chromitite is proposed that explains the stratigraphic relationships observed in the Merensky Reef, both at BRPM and at other locations in the Bushveld Complex. To achieve this it is necessary to understand platinum-group element (PGE) behaviour in naturally occurring mafic systems and for this reason comparisons are drawn from core TN207 through the Platreef at Tweefontein. The co

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Prichard, Hazel M., Saioa Suárez, Peter C. Fisher, Robert D. Knight, and John S. Watson. "Placer platinum-group minerals in the Shetland ophiolite complex derived from anomalously enriched podiform chromitites." Mineralogical Magazine 82, no. 3 (2018): 491–514. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2017.081.099.

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ABSTRACTHighly anomalous platinum-group element (PGE) concentrations in the podiform chromitites at the Cliff and Harold's Grave localities in the Shetland ophiolite complex have been well documented previously. The focus of this study is alluvial platinum-group minerals (PGM) located in small streams that drain from the PGE-rich chromitites. The placer PGM assemblage at Cliff is dominated by Pt-arsenides (64%) and Pd-antimonides (17%), with less irarsite–hollingworthite (11%) and minor Pd-sulfides, Pt–Pd–Cu and Pt–Fe alloys and laurite. Gold also occurs with the PGM. Alluvial PGM have average

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Alven, Sibusiso, Sendibitiyosi Gandidzanwa, Basabele Ngalo, et al. "Platinum Group Metals Nanoparticles in Breast Cancer Therapy." Pharmaceutics 16, no. 9 (2024): 1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics16091162.

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Despite various methods currently used in cancer therapy, breast cancer remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Current therapeutics face limitations such as multidrug resistance, drug toxicity and off-target effects, poor drug bioavailability and biocompatibility, and inefficient drug delivery. Nanotechnology has emerged as a promising approach to cancer diagnosis, imaging, and therapy. Several preclinical studies have demonstrated that compounds and nanoparticles formulated from platinum group metals (PGMs) effectively treat breast cancer. PGMs are chemically stable,

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Men Truong, Van, Julian Richard Tolchard, Jørgen Svendby, et al. "Platinum and Platinum Group Metal-Free Catalysts for Anion Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells." Energies 13, no. 3 (2020): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13030582.

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The development of active hydrogen oxidation reaction (HOR) and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) catalysts for use in anion exchange membrane fuel cells (AEMFCs), which are free from platinum group metals (PGMs), is expected to bring this technology one step closer to commercial applications. This paper reports our recent progress developing HOR Pt-free and PGM-free catalysts (Pd/CeO2 and NiCo/C, respectively), and ORR PGM-free Co3O4 for AEMFCs. The catalysts were prepared by different synthesis techniques and characterized by both physical-chemical and electrochemical methods. A hydrothermally

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Aiglsperger, Thomas, José M. González-Jiménez, Joaquín A. Proenza, et al. "Open System Re-Os Isotope Behavior in Platinum-Group Minerals during Laterization?" Minerals 11, no. 10 (2021): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min11101083.

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In this short communication, we present preliminary data on the Re-Os isotopic systematics of platinum-group minerals (PGM) recovered from different horizons in the Falcondo Ni-laterite in the Dominican Republic. The results show differences in the Os-isotope composition in different populations of PGM: (i) pre-lateritic PGM yield 187Os/188Os varying from 0.11973 ± 0.00134 to 0.12215 ± 0.00005 (2σ uncertainty) whereas (ii) lateritic PGM are more radiogenic in terms of 187Os/188Os (from 0.12390 ± 0.00001 to 0.12645 ± 0.00005; 2σ uncertainty). We suggest that these differences reflect the openin

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13

Tobón, Mónica, Marion Weber, Joaquín A. Proenza, et al. "Geochemistry of Platinum-Group Elements (PGE) in Cerro Matoso and Planeta Rica Ni-Laterite deposits, Northern Colombia." Boletín de la Sociedad Geológica Mexicana 72, no. 3 (2020): A201219. http://dx.doi.org/10.18268/bsgm2020v72n3a201219.

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Platinum-group elements (PGE) are included among the so-called critical metals, and are essential metals for the technological industry. However, there are very few deposits in the world from which these metals can be extracted. The present work investigates three Ni-laterite profiles (hydrous Mg silicate type) formed over the ultramafic rocks of Cerro Matoso and Planeta Rica in Colombia. The main goal is to determine their PGE concentration and distribution, as well as to identify the carrier phases of these noble metals. The highest PGE contents in Cerro Matoso and Planeta Rica are concentra

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Nassar, N. T. "Limitations to elemental substitution as exemplified by the platinum-group metals." Green Chemistry 17, no. 4 (2015): 2226–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4gc02197e.

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Aleksandrova, Tatyana, and Cyril О’Connor. "Processing of platinum group metal ores in Russia and South Africa: current state and prospects." Journal of Mining Institute 244 (July 30, 2020): 462–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31897/pmi.2020.4.9.

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The presented study is devoted to a comparative review of the mineral raw material base of platinum group metals (PGMs) and technologies of their processing in South Africa and Russia, the largest PGM producers. Mineralogical and geochemical classification and industrial value of iron-platinum and platinum-bearing deposits are presented in this work. The paper also reviews types of PGM ore body occurrences, ore processing methods (with a special focus on flotation processes), as well as difficulties encountered by enterprises at the processing stage, as they increase recovery of the valuable c

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Swider-Lyons, Karen, Sejal Patel, and Chris Rainford. "Projected Fuel Cell Stack Costs Using Non-PGM Cathode Electrocatalysts." ECS Transactions 112, no. 4 (2023): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/11204.0225ecst.

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Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells presently contain platinum (Pt) at their cathode and anode for catalysis of oxygen and hydrogen, respectively. Replacing the Pt at the fuel cell cathode with electrocatalysts having no precious group metals (non-PGM or PGM-free) is a vibrant research area, aiming to protect against any rapid increase in the cost ofplatinum. However, the activity of non-PGM catalysts is presently low, so more cells, including the PEM, bipolar plates, etc., are needed to reach a rated power for a stack with a non-PGM cathode. Technoeconomic analysis (TEA) shows that a st

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SUZUKI, Shigeki, Masahiko OGINO, and Takeshi MATSUMOTO. "Recovery of Platinum Group Metals at Nippon PGM Co., Ltd." Journal of MMIJ 123, no. 12 (2007): 734–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2473/journalofmmij.123.734.

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18

Andersen, Shuang Ma, and Raghunandan Sharma. "PGM Recovery: Maximizing PGM Dissolution through Minimizing Ostwald Ripening." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-02, no. 40 (2023): 1952. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-02401952mtgabs.

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Efficient recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs) through electrochemical means using mild conditions is of significant impact from both the industrial and the environmental points of view. Owing to their large surface-to-volume ratio, fast dissolution of PGM nanoparticles is possible through potential cycling between oxidizing and reducing potentials, leading to formation and dissolution of surface-oxide layer (transient dissolution). However, at reducing potentials, reduction of the dissolved metal species on the source nanoparticles leads to enhance the Ostwald ripening process1 and hence

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Odularu, Ayodele T., Peter A. Ajibade, Johannes Z. Mbese, and Opeoluwa O. Oyedeji. "Developments in Platinum-Group Metals as Dual Antibacterial and Anticancer Agents." Journal of Chemistry 2019 (November 6, 2019): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5459461.

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Platinum-group (PG) complexes have been used as antibacterial and anticancer agents since the discovery of cisplatin. The science world still requires improvement on these complexes because of multidrug and antineoplastic resistances. This review observes discoverers and history of these platinum-group metals (PGMs), as well as their beneficial applications. The focus of this study was biological applications of PGMs in relation to human health. Sandwich and half-sandwich PGM coordination compounds and their metal nanoparticles give improved results for biological activities by enhancing effic

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Trinh, Ha Bich, Seunghyun Kim, Jaeryeong Lee, and Jae-chun Lee. "Variation in the determination of platinum group metals using ICP OES induced by the effect of complex matrices and the correction method based on multivariate calibration." Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry 37, no. 2 (2022): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ja00442e.

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We reveal the effect of matrix complexity on the quantitative determination of platinum group metals (PGMs) using inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. The variation in PGM determination is compensated by employing the multivariate calibration technique.

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Straka, Martin, Peter Kacmary, and Jakub Kovalcik. "Technology and possibilities of recycling catalysts." Acta Tecnología 09, no. 04 (2023): 129–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.22306/atec.v9i4.182.

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The presented article focuses on the possibilities of recycling three types of catalysts. These catalyst types will undergo examination, measurement, and analysis with the aim of identifying which of these catalysts contains the necessary number of precious metals (PGM - Platinum Group Metals). PGM metals are among the rarest and most challenging-to-obtain elements on Earth, carrying a high risk of supply shortage. Nevertheless, they are crucial for the European Union (EU) and the automotive industry. Not every catalyst used in the market is suitable for recycling due to the absence of these p

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Petek, Urša, Francisco Ruiz-Zepeda, Marjan Bele, and Miran Gaberšček. "Nanoparticles and Single Atoms in Commercial Carbon-Supported Platinum-Group Metal Catalysts." Catalysts 9, no. 2 (2019): 134. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9020134.

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Nanoparticles of platinum-group metals (PGM) on carbon supports are widely used as catalysts for a number of chemical and electrochemical conversions on laboratory and industrial scale. The newly emerging field of single-atom catalysis focuses on the ultimate level of metal dispersion, i.e. atomically dispersed metal species anchored on the substrate surface. However, the presence of single atoms in traditional nanoparticle-based catalysts remains largely overlooked. In this work, we use aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscope to investigate four commercially available n

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ALEKSEEV, YAROSLAV, YEVSEI ZASKIND, and OLGA KONKINA. "Mineral resource base of platinum group metals in Russia: state, development and prospects until 2040." Domestic geology, no. 2 (May 25, 2022): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.47765/0869-7175-2022-10006.

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In this work, we present the state and reproduction structure of the mineral resource base (MRB) of platinum group metals (PGM) from 2005 to 2020 as well as a forecast of its development up to 2040. Moreover, the analysis the movement of reserves and their redemption by types of deposits was carried out.

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Bai, Lu, Jingjun Liu, Chun Jin, Jin Zhang, and Feng Wang. "Heteroatom-doped carbon interpenetrating networks: a signpost to achieve the best performance of non-PGM catalysts for fuel cells." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 8, no. 36 (2020): 18767–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ta06794f.

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Non-platinum group metal (non-PGM) catalysts, constructed from cheap and abundant carbon, nitrogen and 3d transition metals as bricks, have been regarded as the most promising candidates for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) in fuel cells and metal–air batteries.

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Zimmermann, S., A. von Bohlen, J. Messerschmidt, and B. Sures. "Accumulation of the precious metals platinum, palladium and rhodium from automobile catalytic converters in Paratenuisentis ambiguus as compared with its fish host, Anguilla anguilla." Journal of Helminthology 79, no. 1 (2005): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/joh2004261.

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AbstractThe platinum group metals (PGM) Pt, Pd and Rh are emitted into the environment mainly by catalytic exhaust gas converters of cars. As PGM accumulate in sediments of aquatic ecosystems, the study was focused on the uptake of the noble metals by European eels, Anguilla anguilla infected with the acanthocephalan Paratenuisentis ambiguus. Eels were exposed to ground catalytic converter material for six weeks. After exposure Pt and Pd were detected in the liver and kidney of the eels and in the parasites. Palladium was also found in fish muscle and intestine. No Rh uptake by the eel tissues

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Mack, C. L., B. Wilhelmi, J. R. Duncan, and J. E. Burgess. "Biosorptive recovery of platinum from platinum group metal refining wastewaters by immobilised Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Water Science and Technology 63, no. 1 (2011): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2011.025.

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The process of platinum group metal (PGM) refining can be up to 99.99% efficient at best, and although it may seem small, the amount of valuable metal lost to waste streams is appreciable enough to warrant recovery. The method currently used to remove entrained metal ions from refinery wastewaters, chemical precipitation, is not effective for selective recovery of PGMs. The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been found capable of sorbing numerous precious and base metals, and is a cheap and abundant source of biomass. In this investigation, S. cerevisiae was immobilised using polyethyleneimine

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Oberthür, Thomas, Frank Melcher, Tobias Fusswinkel, Alfons M. van den Kerkhof, and Graciela M. Sosa. "The hydrothermal Waterberg platinum deposit, Mookgophong (Naboomspruit), South Africa. Part 1: Geochemistry and ore mineralogy." Mineralogical Magazine 82, no. 3 (2018): 725–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.2017.081.073.

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ABSTRACTThe Waterberg platinum deposit is an extraordinary example of a vein-type hydrothermal quartz-hematite-PGE (platinum-group element) mineralization. This study concentrates on the geochemical character of the ores and the platinum-group mineral (PGM) assemblage by application of reflected-light and scanning electron microscopy followed by electron probe microanalysis.The PGM-bearing quartz veins show multiple banding indicating numerous pulses of fluid infiltration. Mineralization was introduced contemporaneously with the earliest generation of vein quartz and hematite. High oxygen and

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Perez Bakovic, Sergio Ivan, Alex Keane, Marcelo Carmo, and Diana De Porcellinis. "Reaching PEM Performance Parity with Anion Exchange Membrane Electrolyzers." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, no. 36 (2023): 2065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01362065mtgabs.

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Anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolyzers promise to combine the benefits from proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolyzers and liquid alkaline electrolyzers. They offer both the compact stack design and high current densities that PEM electrolyzers provide, while also taking advantage of using non-platinum-group-metals (non-PGM) and titanium-free components similar to traditional alkaline electrolyzers. However, AEM stacks and systems must demonstrate competitive performance and durability to allow widespread commercial adoption. As part of AEM development efforts, a comprehensive study has

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Sugimoto, Wataru, Keisuke Muramatsu, and Daisuke Takimoto. "Electrochemistry of 2D Nanosheets Based on Platinum Group Metals." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2024-01, no. 12 (2024): 977. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2024-0112977mtgabs.

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Electrocatalysts and electrode materials based on platinum group metal (PGMs) and thier oxides are one of the most well studied materials for energy storage and conversion applications.1,2 As such materials are scarce, downsizing is critical for practical applications and various nanomaterials have been synthsized so far. 2D nanostructures (nanosheets) are particularly promising, owing not only to the high surface/volume ratio, but also to the stability originating from the 2D extended bonds. This talk will attempt to provide a summary of state-of-the-art PGM nanosheets and a critical assessme

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Rao, C. R. M., and G. S. Reddi. "Platinum group metals (PGM); occurrence, use and recent trends in their determination." TrAC Trends in Analytical Chemistry 19, no. 9 (2000): 565–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0165-9936(00)00031-5.

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Julsing, H. G., and R. I. McCrindle. "The recovery of precious metals from acidic effluents using sodium formate." Water Science and Technology 42, no. 5-6 (2000): 63–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0496.

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At Western Platinum Refinery in South Africa, zinc was used for the reduction of the platinum group metals (PGMs) in acidic effluent (palladium filtrate). Owing to the increasing cost of zinc and the risk of zinc pollution, sodium formate was investigated as an alternative reductant. It was found that pH 1.5 was the optimum starting pH for sodium formate reduction. The optimum concentration of sodium formate was found to be 18 g/dm3 at a temperature of approximately 100°C where the process time was 5 hours. The addition of sodium formate increased the pH of the final reaction mixture to approx

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Samotaev, Nikolay, Andrey Antonov, Grigory Tsarev, and Andreas Tietz. "Effective Recycling of Spent Auto Catalytic Converters by Using Electrochlorination Method." MATEC Web of Conferences 207 (2018): 03024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201820703024.

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Modern methods of recycling spent automotive catalysts and their main disadvantages in industrial practice are considered. The electrochlorination method is proposed as the basis of the platinum-group metals (PGM) recycling technology. As the test of proposed technology a few tons of spent automotive catalysts were processed. The results of the work on the extraction of platinum, palladium, rhodium are analyzed. The extraction rates during experiments were reached for Pt - 97%, Pd - 97% and Rh - 80%.

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Miroslaw, Barbara. "Homo- and Hetero-Oligonuclear Complexes of Platinum Group Metals (PGM) Coordinated by Imine Schiff Base Ligands." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 10 (2020): 3493. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21103493.

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Chemistry of Schiff base (SB) ligands began in 1864 due to the discovery made by Hugo Schiff (Schiff, H., Justus Liebigs Ann. der Chemie 1864, 131 (1), 118–119). However, there is still a vivid interest in coordination compounds based on imine ligands. The aim of this paper is to review the most recent concepts on construction of homo- and hetero-oligonuclear Schiff base coordination compounds narrowed down to the less frequently considered complexes of platinum group metals (PGM). The combination of SB and PGM in oligonuclear entities has several advantages over mononuclear or polynuclear spe

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Baloyi, Nomsa Precilla, Willie Nheta, Vusumuzi Sibanda, and Mehdi Safari. "Mineralogical Insights into PGM Recovery from Middle Group (1–4) Chromite Tailings." Minerals 14, no. 9 (2024): 924. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min14090924.

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Variations in the recovery of platinum group metals (PGMs) are often attributed to mineralogical and other natural ore-type variations. To increase the recovery of PGMs by the flotation process, a comprehensive understanding of gangue and valuable minerals is essential for optimising the extraction and processing of metals. Recoveries may be improved if the questions of how, where, and why losses occur can be answered with a certain degree of confidence. A requirement is the availability of statistically reliable mineralogical data. The PGMs of MG-1–4 chromite tailings dumps of the western lim

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Saternus, M., A. Fornalczyk, and J. Cebulski. "Analysis of Platinum Content in Used Auto Catalytic Converter Carriers and the Possibility of its Recovery." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 59, no. 2 (2014): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/amm-2014-0092.

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Abstract At present, every launched car must be equipped with a catalytic converter, in which the precious metals such as platinum, palladium and rhodium play catalytic role. Catalytic converters have a limited life time, therefore they have to be replaced and become a valuable source of platinum group metals (PGM). Currently in the world, used auto catalytic converters are processed in pyrometallurgical or hydrometallurgical way. However, the first step of such treatment should be a chemical analysis. In the paper catalytic carriers were analysed taking into account the level of platinum. Sca

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Antonov, Andrey, Nikolay Samotaev, Andreas Tietz, Grigory Tsarev, Denis Veselov, and Andrey Kirichenko. "Effective Method for the Platinum Group Metals Extracting from Spent Diesel Autocatalysts." Materials Science Forum 977 (February 2020): 218–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.977.218.

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The team of authors described a solution to the problem of developing a fundamentally new technology for the industrial processing of spent diesel automotive catalysts containing platinum group metals (PGM) and SiC carrier, which has such advantages as carrying out a full processing cycle in one hardware module. The processing of SiC catalyst is extremely difficult by pyrometallurgical methods, but proposed technology is based on the electrochlorination method. The scientific novelty of the proposed method lies in the superposition of two independent electrolysis processes in direct and altern

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Fornalczyk, A., M. Kraszewski, J. Willner, et al. "Dissolution of Metal Supported Spent Auto Catalysts in Acids." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 1 (2016): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0043.

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Metal supported auto catalysts, have been used in sports and racing cars initially, but nowadays their application systematically increases. In Metal Substrate (supported) Converters (MSC), catalytic functions are performed by the Platinum Group Metals (PGM): Pt, Pd, Rh, similarly to the catalysts on ceramic carriers. The contents of these metals make that spent catalytic converters are valuable source of precious metals. All over the world there are many methods for the metals recovery from the ceramic carriers, however, the issue of platinum recovery from metal supported catalysts has not be

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Araújo, Henrique F., Julián A. Gómez, and Diogo M. F. Santos. "Proton-Exchange Membrane Electrolysis for Green Hydrogen Production: Fundamentals, Cost Breakdown, and Strategies to Minimize Platinum-Group Metal Content in Hydrogen Evolution Reaction Electrocatalysts." Catalysts 14, no. 12 (2024): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal14120845.

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Green hydrogen (H2) has emerged as a promising energy carrier for decarbonizing the industrial, building, and transportation sectors. However, current green H2 production technologies face challenges that limit cost reduction and scaling up. Platinum-group metals (PGMs), including platinum and iridium, present exceptional electrocatalytic properties for water splitting, but their high cost is a significant barrier. This directly impacts the overall cost of electrolyzers, thus increasing green H2 production costs. The present work covers the fundamentals of water electrolysis, the currently ava

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Link, Achim, Patrick Furer, Matthew L. Clarke, and Marc Müller. "Towards the Industrial Implementation of Mn-based Catalyst for the Hydrogenation of Ketones and Carboxylic Esters." CHIMIA 78, no. 3 (2024): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2024.118.

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There is a constant pressure in industry to move away from platinum group metals (PGM) and achieve more environmentally friendly and sustainable production processes in the future. Recently developed Mn-based catalysts offer an interesting opportunity to complement established catalysts based on Ru. In this article, recent achievements in the field are highlighted and recent achievements in the collaboration of Solvias AG with the group of Prof. M. Clarke towards the implementation of these catalysts on industrial scale are outlined.

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Osmieri, Luigi, and Piotr Zelenay. "(Invited) Towards Entirely Platinum Group Metal-Free Water Electrolyzers: Innovative Electrocatalysts for Oxygen Evolution and Hydrogen Evolution Reactions." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-01, no. 34 (2022): 1379. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-01341379mtgabs.

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Making the production of “green” hydrogen (H2) cost-effective requires the development of high-performance and affordable low-temperature water electrolyzers (LTWE).1 Currently, the most mature technology for H2 production using renewable electricity is the liquid alkaline electrolysis (AE). This technology suffers several major drawbacks such as gas crossover, relatively low current density, and the use of highly corrosive concentrated alkaline solutions (20-40% KOH). Proton exchange membrane (PEM) electrolysis, a valid alternative to AE technology, already commercialized on a large scale, en

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Braynchaninova, N. I., A. B. Makeyev, and A. R. Makavetskas. "«Platinum» from the collection of A.F. Keller in the State geological museum RAS." Proceedings of higher educational establishments. Geology and Exploration, no. 3 (June 28, 2017): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.32454/0016-7762-2017-3-70-77.

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The microprobe tests of the supposed platinum from the collection of F.A. Keller at the State geological museum of Russian Academy of Sciences have been carried out for the first time. The results have shown that the samples were indeed acquired in the XIX century in the Urals in Nizhnyi Tagil, a famous industrial area, supplied from Gospodskaya mine, being operated in that times. Concentrate platinum according to the shape and mineral compound corresponds to Isovsko-Turinskaya concentrates from Svetloborsky concentrically zoned dunite-clinopyroxenite platinum-bearing massif. Analyses of the c

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Saveliev, D. E. "PGM in chromitites of Kraka massifs (the Southern Urals): diversity and origin." Georesources 26, no. 4 (2025): 275–86. https://doi.org/10.18599/grs.2024.4.8.

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The paper provides results of study of platinum group minerals (PGMs) from 18 ore occurrences and deposits of the Kraka massifs, most of these located in ultramafic rocks of the upper mantle section (15), and several occurrences in a crust-mantle transition complex (3). It is shown that chromitites in the upper mantle section have refractory geochemical specialization (Os-Ir-Ru), while chromitites of the transition complex typically contain Pt and Pd minerals. The highest concentrations of the platinum group elements (PGE) are observed in chromitites of the transition complex (up to 2500 ppb o

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Petrov, Georgiy, Irina Zotova, Tatiana Nikitina, and Svetlana Fokina. "Sorption Recovery of Platinum Metals from Production Solutions of Sulfate-Chloride Leaching of Chromite Wastes." Metals 11, no. 4 (2021): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11040569.

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This paper discusses the scientific rationale for methods of platinum metals sorption centralization from saturated solutions with a high content of macrocomponents. Methods of sorption centralization of platinum and iridium using local anionites such as AH-31, AB-17-8, Purolite S985 are described. The sorbents used were conditioned to remove organic and mineral impurities. The sorption isotherms of platinum group metals 1/EC=f(1/Cp) at a temperature of 20 °C and a duration of 24 h were plotted. The data on the sorption recovery of platinum and iridium from individual and combined sulfate-chlo

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Grilli, Maria Luisa, Anca Elena Slobozeanu, Claudio Larosa, Daniela Paneva, Iakovos Yakoumis, and Zara Cherkezova-Zheleva. "Platinum Group Metals: Green Recovery from Spent Auto-Catalysts and Reuse in New Catalysts—A Review." Crystals 13, no. 4 (2023): 550. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst13040550.

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This manuscript reviews the current trends in the recovery of Platinum Group Metals (PGMs) from end-of-life autocatalysts and the aims of the recently funded Marie Sklodowska-Curie Project “Chemistry of Platinum Group Metals-CHemPGM” towards the greening of PGMs recovery processes and the reusing of recovered PGMs for preparation of new catalysts. Together with the analysis of the state of the art recovery of PGMs from spent autocatalysts through pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical routes and the recent trends in reducing their environmental impact, also emerging sustainable and green tec

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Spooren, Jeroen, and Atia Thomas Abo. "Combined Microwave Assisted Roasting and Leaching to Recover Platinum Group Metals from Spent Automotive Catalysts." Minerals Engineering 146 (January 15, 2020): 106153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mineng.2019.106153.

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A microwave assisted two-step platinum group metal (PGM) extraction process for spent automotive ceramic catalysts was developed. The first step consists of a microwave (MW) sulfation roasting process of spent catalyst in the presence of NaHSO<sub>4</sub>∙H<sub>2</sub>O or KHSO<sub>4</sub> and NaClO<sub>3</sub>, for which the roasting parameters (<em>i.e.</em> MW power, roasting time, ClO<sub>3</sub><sup>-</sup>:HSO<sub>4</sub><sup>-</sup> molar ratio, salt:catalyst weight ratio) were studied and optimized. During roasting a solid salt mixture and spent catalyst (weight ratio salt:spent cataly

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Gil, S., W. Bialik, M. Saternus, and A. Fornalczyk. "Thermal Balance of the Magneto-Hydro-Dynamic Pump for Recovery of Platinum Group Metals from Spent Auto Catalysts." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 61, no. 1 (2016): 253–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2016-0047.

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Every new car should be equipped with the catalyst, which limits the amount of harmful chemical compounds such as NOx, CH and CO emitted to the air. Auto catalyst consists of the ceramic or metallic carrier, on which is the layer with Platinum Group Metals playing catalytic role. There are many methods using for recovery those valuable metals from spent auto catalyst, however evry of those methods have some limitations. Proces described in the article is the modified method of metal collector, which used magnetohydrodynamic pump. Rotary electromagnetic field generates in the liquid metal rotar

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Rinkovec, Jasmina. "Platinum, palladium, and rhodium in airborne particulate matter." Archives of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 70, no. 4 (2019): 224–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aiht-2019-70-3293.

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AbstractMeasurable quantities of platinum, palladium, and rhodium, even in remote areas of the planet, evidence the global nature of pollution with these metals, mostly from catalytic converters of modern vehicles (other sources are jewellery production, chemical industry, and anticancer drugs). The amount of the platinum group metals (PGMs) emitted from automobile catalysts varies with the type, age, and condition of the engine and the catalyst, as well as the style of driving. Current literature suggests that the concentrations of these metals have increased considerably over the last twenty

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Sobrova, Pavlina, Josef Zehnalek, Vojtech Adam, Miroslava Beklova, and Rene Kizek. "The effects on soil/water/plant/animal systems by platinum group elements." Open Chemistry 10, no. 5 (2012): 1369–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/s11532-012-0073-7.

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AbstractEmissions of toxic substances such as oxides of carbon, nitrogen, sulphur, and, in addition, aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes and heavy metals are the most serious problem of road traffic affecting landscape. Platinum group elements (PGE), which are the main component of the catalyst, are one of the main sources of heavy metals in the environment. Here, we review the way by which emissions and forms of the emitted PGE end up in the environment especially to the soil-water-plant-animal system. The major points discussed are the following: 1) the main sources of PGE emission are automobi

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Khan, Iqra Arabia Ali, Ujwal Shreenag Meda, Amrit Aman, Suresh R, and Rajalakshmi Mudbidre. "Alternatives to Conventional Platinum-Based Catalysts in Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cells." ECS Transactions 107, no. 1 (2022): 5487–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/10701.5487ecst.

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The demand for environmentally friendly power technology for a variety of aircraft applications has risen considerably in recent years as the aviation sector expands to meet the needs of a growing global population. The hydrogen fuel cell, which is a device that converts chemical energy directly to electrical energy, seems to be an alternative solution to conventional systems. The use of Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) or the Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) for onboard energy generation is gaining importance. PEMFCs have many advantages over other fuel cells and their room temper

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Schäfer, J., and H. Puchelt. "Platinum-Group-Metals (PGM) emitted from automobile catalytic converters and their distribution in roadside soils." Journal of Geochemical Exploration 64, no. 1-3 (1998): 307–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0375-6742(98)00040-5.

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