Academic literature on the topic 'Point-To-Point (PtP)'
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Journal articles on the topic "Point-To-Point (PtP)"
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Wahyudi, Kaiji Sato, and Akira Shimokohbe. "Characteristics of practical control for point-to-point (PTP) positioning systems." Precision Engineering 27, no. 2 (April 2003): 157–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0141-6359(02)00226-x.
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Fang, Ji Wen, Zhi Li Long, Lu Fan Zhang, Jian Dong Cai, and Long Sheng Nian. "Control Analysis of Point-to-Point Positioning Based on Macro-Micro Stage." Applied Mechanics and Materials 278-280 (January 2013): 1563–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.278-280.1563.
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Macro-micro stage can achieve large travel range and high precision positioning. The macro stage is driven by voice coil motor (VCM). The micro stage is actuated by the piezoelectric (PZT). The positioning theory of macro-micro stage is described. In this paper, the compensating method of point-to-point (PTP) positioning is divided into two types: compensation before steady state (CBS) and compensation after steady state (CAS). The different control strategies are applied to meet CAS and CBS. Because of the structure of macro-micro stage and the saturation of micro stage, switching control plays an important role in realizing high precision PTP motion. When the error of the macro stage is less than the threshold and also the system meets the switching conditions, the compensation signal is sent to the PZT control loop for high resolution compensation. Finally, the numerical simulation results show that the positioning accuracy of dual stage is higher than single macro stage and can reach nanometer scale.
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Abe, Akira. "Energy-Saving Breakthrough in the Point-to-Point Control of a Flexible Manipulator." Applied Sciences 14, no. 5 (February 22, 2024): 1788. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14051788.
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This study aims to contribute academically valuable insights into energy-efficient drives for the positioning control of flexible structures. It focuses on the point-to-point (PTP) motion control of a flexible manipulator to suppress residual vibration and reduce driving energy simultaneously. The driving energy for PTP motion is influenced by the initial deflection of the flexible manipulator. Considering this phenomenon, the study proposes a trajectory planning method for the joint angle of a flexible manipulator. In this method, the evaluation function is defined as the sum of drive torques, and its minimization through particle swarm optimization generates an optimal trajectory that minimizes drive energy and suppresses residual vibration. Numerical simulations indicate that significant energy savings can be achieved by actively deforming the manipulator. These simulation results are corroborated by experimental data, which demonstrate the practical applicability and effectiveness of the proposed method.
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Wang, Xiaobang, Yang Yu, Siyu Li, Jie Zhang, and Zhijie Liu. "Point-to-Point-Based Optimization Method of Ballast Water Allocation for Revolving Floating Cranes with Experimental Verification." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 12, no. 3 (March 1, 2024): 437. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse12030437.
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The Revolving Floating Crane (RFC) is a specialized engineering vessel crucial for offshore lifting operations, such as offshore platform construction and deep-water salvaging. It boasts impressive lifting capacity, good adaptability to various environmental conditions, and high operational efficiency. Conventionally, the safety and stability of RFC operations heavily depend on manual ballast water allocation, which is directly influenced by factors such as personnel status and sea conditions. These manual operations often result in reduced lifting efficiency, higher energy consumption, and compromised operational safety. In response, this paper introduces a ballast water-allocation approach based on the Point-to-Point (PTP) theory for the intelligent operation process of the RFC. The fundamental principles of the PTP theory are analyzed, and a method tailored to optimize ballast water allocation for RFC is proposed. Considering the unique characteristics of the ballast system and the specific requirements of lifting operations, an optimization model for PTP-based ballast water allocation is established. Numerical experiments are conducted to verify the efficacy and reliability of the proposed method. Comparing it to the conventional approaches, the results demonstrate a notable 17.75% reduction in energy consumption and an impressive 73.49% decrease in decision-making time, showcasing the superiority of the proposed approach. Finally, the engineering feasibility of the PTP-based optimization method for ballast water allocation is validated through actual lifting experiments, underscoring its potential to enhance RFC operations.
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Carabin, Giovanni, and Renato Vidoni. "Energy-saving optimization method for point-to-point trajectories planned via standard primitives in 1-DoF mechatronic systems." International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology 116, no. 1-2 (June 17, 2021): 331–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00170-021-07277-y.
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AbstractIn this work, an analytical methodology to minimize the energy expenditure of mechatronic systems performing point-to-point (PTP) trajectories based on well-known motion primitives is developed and validated. Both PTP trajectory profiles commonly used in industrial motor drives and more complex ones are investigated. Focusing on generic 1-DoF mechatronic systems moving a constant inertia load (e.g., elevators, cranes, CNC machines, Cartesian axis) and possibly equipped or retrofitted with regenerative devices, the consumed energy formulation is firstly derived. Then, the analytical optimization considering all the selected PTP trajectory profiles is computed and a generic closed-form solution is determined. Finally, numerical and experimental evaluations are done showing the effectiveness of the theoretical results and proposed methodology. In addition, all the different trajectories are compared with respect to energy consumption.
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., Wahyudi, Riza Muhida, and Momoh J. E. Salami. "Fuzzy Anti-windup Schemes for NCTF Control of Point-to-point (PTP) Positioning Systems." American Journal of Applied Sciences 4, no. 4 (April 1, 2007): 220–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajassp.2007.220.228.
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Wahyudi, K. Sato, and A. Shimokohbe. "Robustness evaluation of three friction compensation methods for point-to-point (PTP) positioning systems." Robotics and Autonomous Systems 52, no. 2-3 (August 2005): 247–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.robot.2005.03.004.
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Smith, L. J., G. Tabor, and J. Williams. "A retrospective case control study to investigate race level risk factors associated with horse falls in Irish point-to-point races." Comparative Exercise Physiology 14, no. 2 (June 6, 2018): 127–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/cep170034.
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Horseracing as a high-risk sport can pose a significant risk to equine welfare. To date no epidemiological reviews of fall risk in horseracing have investigated the risks specific to point-to-point (PTP) racing. This study aimed to identify the main race level risk factors associated with horse falls in Irish PTP and to compare these to published findings for hurdle and steeplechase racing. The study used a retrospective case-control design. Relevant variables were identified and information was collated for all PTP races in the 2013/14 and 2014/15 seasons. Race-level variables were analysed through univariable analysis to inform multivariable model building. A final multivariable logistic regression model was refined, using fall/no fall as the dependent variable, through a backward stepwise process with variables retained if likelihood ratio test P-values were <0.05. During the study period 1,358 PTP races were recorded, 727 races (54%) included at least one horse fall. The fall frequency noted during the current study was 88/1000 starts. Race category impacted the odds of a fall occurring with all categories of maiden races having increased odds of falls compared to open races. Maiden races for 6 year olds and 6 and 7 year olds had the greatest chance of falling with 6.9 times increased odds. The chance of a race containing a fall increased 38% for each additional runner and was reduced by 25% for every horse that pulled up during the race. Using a larger data set could enable further sub-models to be developed. In the current study some of the variables had a low number of cases and/or controls which limited the analysis. Retrospective analysis of fall risk exposed some risk factors that have been previously identified in hurdle and steeplechase racing. The variables identified could inform future research and interventions aimed at improving horse and jockey safety whilst racing.
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Mohamed, Ibrahim M. M., and Saif AL-Islam Ateeya AL-Salheen. "A survivable Point-to-Point (PTP) Wireless Transmission Based On Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) Technique." Al-Mukhtar Journal of Engineering Research 7, no. 1 (May 10, 2024): 12–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54172/jszswq55.
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Wireless transmission can be affected by severe weather conditions such as heavy rain. Such a temporary weather condition leads to decrease the received power and thus reduce the signal-to-noise ratio, which degrades the overall performance. In some cases, in which a high bit rate is being transmitted where a specific amount of signal-to-noise ratio is required, the wireless transmission drops down completely. Adaptive Coding and Modulation technique could provide the feature of adaptation during transmission. In Adaptive Coding and Modulation, transmission parameters such as modulation scheme and/ or code rate can be altered based on signal-to-noise ratio measurements. In this paper, a survivable point-to-point wireless transmission was established using Adaptive Coding and Modulation technology. A concentration on the Adaptive Modulation was made in this work by using the AF-11FX equipment which is capable of modulate carriers using different modulation schemes (QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM, 256QAM, and 1024QAM). In this context, the wireless point-to-point link was examined with and without the use of Adaptive Modulation. A survivable transmission was achieved in which an automatic switching mechanism is performed among the aforementioned modulation schemes based on signal-to-noise ratio measurements, which led to increase the average transmission rate.
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Wu, Bin, Hongxi Yin, Jie Qin, Chang Liu, Anliang Liu, Qi Shao, and Xiaoguang Xu. "Design and implementation of flexible TWDM-PON with PtP WDM overlay based on WSS for next-generation optical access networks." Modern Physics Letters B 30, no. 25 (September 20, 2016): 1650324. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217984916503243.
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Aiming at the increasing demand of the diversification services and flexible bandwidth allocation of the future access networks, a flexible passive optical network (PON) scheme combining time and wavelength division multiplexing (TWDM) with point-to-point wavelength division multiplexing (PtP WDM) overlay is proposed for the next-generation optical access networks in this paper. A novel software-defined optical distribution network (ODN) structure is designed based on wavelength selective switches (WSS), which can implement wavelength and bandwidth dynamical allocations and suits for the bursty traffic. The experimental results reveal that the TWDM-PON can provide 40 Gb/s downstream and 10 Gb/s upstream data transmission, while the PtP WDM-PON can support 10 GHz point-to-point dedicated bandwidth as the overlay complement system. The wavelengths of the TWDM-PON and PtP WDM-PON are allocated dynamically based on WSS, which verifies the feasibility of the proposed structure.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Point-To-Point (PtP)"
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Hannachi, Abir. "Block turbo codes for next generation optical communications." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Atlantique Bretagne Pays de la Loire, 2025. http://www.theses.fr/2025IMTA0462.
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Cette thèse étudie l’application des codes produits Reed Solomon (RS) dans les systèmes de communication optique, visant à améliorer la correction d’erreurs et optimiser les performances tout en réduisant la complexité. Cela permet l’utilisation de composants à faible coût, essentiel dans les réseaux d’accès optiques où l’aspect économique est crucial. La thèse présente les réseaux optiques passifs (PON) et leurs avancées, en mettant l’accent sur les configurations Point-à-Point (PtP). Elle aborde également la nécessité de correction d’erreurs fiable et explore la théorie des codes de canal, notamment les codes RS, leur construction, propriétés et décodage. Une contribution importante de cette thèse est l’association des codes RS avec des codes Single Parity Check (SPC), analysée à travers des simulations de performance avec de paquets de taille dynamiques. Enfin, la thèse évalue la performance des codes produits RS de faible complexité dans les canaux optiques, notamment dans des systèmes de 50 et 100 Gb/s dans les sens montant et descendant, utilisant la modulation binaire (NRZ) et la modulation d’amplitude en impulsions (PAM4) associées à une modulation d’intensité et détection directe (IM/DD). Les résultats montrent que les codes produits RS améliorent la correction d’erreurs dans les réseaux optiques, en augmentant la fiabilité tout en équilibrant coût et complexitéThis thesis studies the application of Reed Solomon (RS) product codes in optical communication systems, with a focus on improving error correction and optimizing system performance while reducing complexity. This allows the use of low-cost components, a crucial factor in optical access networks where cost is a key consideration. The thesis introduces Passive Optical Networks (PON) and their advances, with emphasis on Point-to-Point (PtP) configurations. It also discusses the need for reliable error correction and explores the channel coding theory, in particular RS codes, their construction, properties and decoding. An important contribution of this thesis is the association of RS codes with Single Parity Check (SPC) codes, analyzed through performance simulations with dynamic packet sizes. Lastly, the thesis evaluates the performance of low-complexity RS product codes in optical channels, particularly in downstream and upstream 50 and 100 Gb/s systems using NRZ and pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) with intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD). The findings show that RS-based product codes improve error correction in optical networks, enhancing reliability while balancing cost and complexity
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Deliktas, Hilmi Can. "Investigation on the contribution of GLONASS observations to GPS Precise Point Positioning (PPP)." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1468936251.
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Rovira, Garcia Adrià. "Consolidation and assessment of a technique to provide fast and precise point positioning (Fast-PPP)." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398141.
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The research of this paper-based dissertation is focused on the Fast Precise Point Positioning (Fast-PPP) technique. The novelty relies on using an accurate ionosphere model, in combination with the standard precise satellite clock and orbit products, to reduce the convergence time of state-of-the-art high-accuracy navigation techniques from approximately one hour to few minutes.
My first contribution to the Fast-PPP technique as a Ph.D. student has been the design and implementation of a novel user navigation filter, based on the raw treatment of undifferenced multi-frequency code and carrier-phase Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements. The innovative strategy of the filter avoids applying the usual ionospheric-free combination to the GNSS observables, exploiting the full capacity of new multi-frequency signals and increasing the robustness of Fast-PPP in challenging environments where the sky visibility is reduced. It has been optimised to take advantage of the corrections required to compensate the delays (i.e., errors) affecting the GNSS signals. The Fast-PPP corrections, and most important, their corrections uncertainties (i.e., the confidence bounds) are added as additional equations in the navigation filter to obtain Precise Point Positioning (PPP) in few minutes.
A second contribution performed with the new user filter, has been the consolidation of the precise ionospheric modelling of Fast-PPP and its extension from a regional to a global scale. The correct use of the confidence bounds has been found of great importance when navigating in the low-latitude areas of the equator, where the ionosphere is difficult to be accurately modelled. Even in such scenario, a great consistency has been achieved between the actual positioning errors with respect to the formal errors, as demonstrated using similar figures of merit used in civil aviation, as the Stanford plot.
A third contribution within this dissertation has been the characterisation of the accuracy of different ionospheric models currently used in GNSS. The assessment uses actual, unambiguous and undifferenced carrier-phase measurements, thanks to the centimetre-level modelling capability within the Fast-PPP technique. Not only the errors of the ionosphere models have been quantified in absolute and relative terms, but also, their effect on navigation.La investigació d'aquesta Tesi Doctoral per compendi d'articles es centra en la tècnica de ràpid Posicionament de Punt Precís (Fast-PPP). La novetat radica en l'ús d'un model ionosfèric precís que, combinat amb productes estàndard de rellotge i de l'òrbita de satèl·lit, redueix el temps de convergència de les actuals tècniques de navegació precisa d'aproximadament una hora a pocs minuts. La meva primera contribució a la tècnica Fast-PPP com a estudiant de Doctorat ha estat el disseny i la implementació d'un filtre de navegació d'usuari innovador, basat en el tractament de múltiples freqüències de mesures de codi i fase sense diferenciar (absolutes). La estratègia del filltre de navegació evita l'aplicació de l'habitual combinació lineal lliure de ionosfera per a aquests observables. Així, s'explota la capacitat completa dels senyals multi-freqüència en el nous Sistemes Globals de Navegació per Satèl·lit (GNSS) i s'augmenta la robustesa del Fast-PPP en entorns difícils, on es redueix la visibilitat del cel. S'ha optimitzat per tal de prendre avantatge de les correccions necessàries per a compensar els retards (és a dir, els errors) que afecten els senyals GNSS. Les correccions de Fast-PPP i més important, les seves incerteses (és a dir, els intervals de confiança) s'afegeixen com a equacions addicionals al filltre per aconseguir Posicionat de Punt Precís (PPP) en pocs minuts. La segona contribució ha estat la consolidació del modelat ionosfèric precís de Fast-PPP i la seva extensió d'un abast regional a una escala global. La correcta determinació i ús dels intervals de confiança de les correccions Fast-PPP ha esdevingut de gran importància a l'hora de navegar en zones de baixa latitud a l'equador, on la ionosfera és més difícil de modelar amb precisió. Fins i tot en aquest escenari, s'ha aconseguit una gran consistència entre els errors de posicionament reals i els nivells de protecció dels usuaris de Fast-PPP, tal com s'ha demostrat amb figures de mèrit similars a les utilitzades en l'aviació civil (els diagrames de Stanford). La tercera contribució d'aquesta Tesi Doctoral ha estat la caracterització de l'exactitud dels models ionosfèrics utilitzats actualment en GNSS. L'avaluació utilitza mesures de fase, sense ambigüitats i sense diferenciar, gràcies a la capacitat de modelatge centimètric emprat a la tècnica de Fast-PPP. No només els errors dels models de la ionosfera han estat quantificats en termes absoluts i relatius, sinó també, el seu efecte sobre la navegació
La investigación de esta Tesis Doctoral, por compendio de artículos, se centra en la técnica de rápido Posicionamiento de Punto Preciso (Fast-PPP). La novedad, radica en el uso de un modelo ionosférico preciso que, combinado con productos estándard de reloj y órbita de satélite, reduce el tiempo de convergencia de las actuales técnicas de navegación precisa de una hora a pocos minutos.Mi primera contribución a la técnica Fast-PPP como estudiante de Doctorado ha sido el diseño y la implementación de un filtro de navegación de usuario innovador, basado en el tratamiento de múltiples frecuencias de medidas de código y fase sin diferenciar (absolutas). La estrategia del filtro de navegación evita la aplicación de la habitual combinación lineal libre de ionosfera para dichos observables. Así, se explota la capacidad de la señal multi-frecuencia en los nuevos Sistemas Globales de Navegación por Satélite (GNSS) y se aumenta la robustez del Fast-PPP en entornos difíciles, donde se reduce la visibilidad del cielo. Se ha optimizado para tomar ventaja de las correcciones necesarias para compensar los retardos (es decir, los errores) que afectan las señales GNSS. Las correcciones de Fast-PPP y más importante, sus incertidumbres (es decir, los intervalos de confianza) se añaden como ecuaciones adicionales al filtro para conseguir Posicionamiento de Punto Preciso (PPP) en pocos minutos. La segunda contribución ha estado la consolidación del modelado ionosférico preciso de Fast-PPP y la extensión de su cobertura regional a una escala global. La correcta determinación y uso de los intervalos de confianza de las correcciones Fast-PPP ha sido de gran importancia a la hora de navegar en zonas de latitudes ecuatoriales, donde la ionosfera es más difícil de modelar con precisión. Incluso en dicho escenario, se ha conseguido una gran consistencia entre los errores de posicionamiento reales y los niveles de protección de los usuarios de Fast-PPP, tal como se ha demostrado con figuras de mérito similares a las utilizadas en la aviación civil (los diagramas de Stanford).La tercera contribución de esta Tesis Doctoral ha sido la caracterización de la exactitud de los modelos ionosféricos utilizados actualmente en GNSS. El método usa medidas de fase, sin ambigüedad y sin diferenciar, gracias a la capacidad de modelado centimétrico empleado en la técnica de Fast-PPP. No solo los errores de los modelos de la ionosfera han sido cuantificados en términos absolutos y relativos, sino también, su efecto sobre la navegación.
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RamaSarma, Vaidyanathan. "A Coverage Area Estimation Model for Interference-Limited Non-Line-of-Sight Point-to-Multipoint Fixed Broadband Wireless Communication Systems." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/35276.
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First-generation, line-of-sight (LOS) fixed broadband wireless access techniques have been around for several years. However, services based on this technology have been limited in scope to service areas where transceivers can communicate with their base stations, unimpeded by trees, buildings and other obstructions. This limitation has serious consequences in that the system can deliver only 50% to 70% coverage within a given cell radius, thus affecting earned revenue. Next generation broadband fixed wireless access techniques are aimed at achieving a coverage area greater than 90%. To achieve this target, these techniques must be based on a point-to-multipoint (PMP) cellular architecture with low base station antennas, thus possessing the ability to operate in true non-line-of-sight (NLOS) conditions. A possible limiting factor for these systems is link degradation due to interference.
This thesis presents a new model to estimate the levels of co-channel interference for such systems operating within the 3.5 GHz multichannel multipoint distribution service (MMDS) band. The model is site-specific in that it uses statistical building/roof height distribution parameters obtained from practically modeling several metropolitan cities in the U.S. using geographic information system (GIS) tools. This helps to obtain a realistic estimate and helps analyze the tradeoff between cell radius and modulation complexity. Together, these allow the system designer to decide on an optimal location for placement of customer premises equipment (CPE) within a given cell area.Master of Science
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Wolf, Michael D. C. "Amplituden der Kernphasen im Bereich der Kaustik B und Untersuchung der Struktur der Übergangszone zum inneren Erdkern mit spektralen Amplituden der diffraktierten Phase PKP(BC)." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2002. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2005/60/.
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Das Ziel dieser Arbeit ist es, die Strukturen im äußeren Erdkern zu untersuchen und Rückschlüsse auf die sich daraus ergebenden Konsequenzen für geodynamische Modellvorstellungen zu ziehen. Die Untersuchung der Kernphasenkaustik B mit Hilfe einer kumulierten Amplituden-Entfernungskurve ist Gegenstand des ersten Teils. Dazu werden die absoluten Amplituden der PKP-Phasen im Entfernungsbereich von 142 ° bis 147 ° bestimmt und mit den Amplituden synthetischer Seismogramme verglichen. Als Datenmaterial dienen die Breitbandregistrierungen des Deutschen Seismologischen Re-gionalnetzes (GRSN 1 ) und des Arrays Gräfenberg (GRF). Die verwendeten Wellen-formen werden im WWSSN-SP-Frequenzbereich gefiltert. Als Datenbasis dienen vier Tiefherdbeben der Subduktionszone der Neuen Hebriden (Vanuatu Island) und vier Nuklearexplosionen, die auf dem Mururoa und Fangataufa Atoll im Südpazifik stattgefunden haben. Beide Regionen befinden sich vom Regionalnetz aus gesehen in einer Epizentraldistanz von ungefähr 145 °. Die Verwendung eines homogen instrumentierten Netzes von Detektoren und die Anwendung von Stations- und Magnitudenkorrekturen verringern den Hauptteil der Streuung bei den Amplitudenwerten. Dies gilt auch im Vergleich zu Untersuchungen von langperiodischen Amplituden im Bereich der Kernphasenkaustik (Häge, 1981). Ein weiterer Grund für die geringe Streuung ist die ausschließliche Verwendung von Ereignissen mit kurzer impulsiver Herdzeitfunktion. Erst die geringe Streuung der Amplitudenwerte ermöglicht eine Interpretation der Daten. Die theoretischen Amplitudenkurven der untersuchten Erdmodelle zeigen im Bereich der Kaustik B einen gleichartigen Kurvenverlauf. Bei allen Berechnungen wird ein einheitliches Modell für die Güte der P- und S-Wellen verwendet, das sich aus den Q-Werten der Modelle CIT112 und PREM 2 zusammensetzt. Die mit diesem Q-Modell berechneten Amplituden liegen in geringem Maße oberhalb der gemessenen Amplituden. Dies braucht nicht berücksichtigt zu werden, da die kumulierte Amplituden-Entfernungskurve anhand der Lage des Maximums auf der Entfernungsachse ausgewertet wird. Folglich wird darauf verzichtet, ein alternatives Q-Modell zu entwickeln.Hinsichtlich der Lage des Kaustikmaximums lassen sich die untersuchten Erdmodelle in zwei Kategorien einteilen. Eine Gruppe besteht aus den Modellen IASP91 und 1066B, deren Maxima bei 144.6 ° und 144.7 ° liegen. Zur zweiten Gruppe von Modellen zählen AK135, PREM und SP6 mit den Maxima bei 145.1 ° und 145.2 ° (SP6). Die gemessene Amplitudenkurve hat ihr Maximum bei 145 °. Alle Entfernungsangaben beziehen sich auf eine Herdtiefe von 200 km. Die Kaustikentfernung für einen Oberflächenherd ist jeweils um 0.454 ° größer als die angegeben Werte. Damit liegen die Maxima der Modelle AK135 und PREM nur 0.1 ° neben dem der gemessenen kumulierten Amplitudenkurve. Daher wird auf die Erstellung eines eigenen Modells verzichtet, da dieses eine unwesentlich verbesserte Amplitudenkurve aufweisen würde. Das Ergebnis der Untersuchung ist die Erstellung einer gemessenen kumulierten Amplituden-Entfernungskurve für die Kaustik B. Die Kurve legt die Position der Kaustik B für kurzperiodische Daten auf ± 0.15 ° fest und bestimmt damit, welche Erdmodelle für die Beschreibung der Amplituden im Entfernungsbereich der Kaustik B besonders geeignet sind. Die Erdmodelle AK135 und PREM, ergänzt durch ein einheitliches Q-Modell, geben den Verlauf der Amplituden am besten wieder. Da die Amplitudenkurven beider Modelle nahe beieinander liegen, sind sie als gleichwertig zu bezeichnen.
Im zweiten Teil der Arbeit wird die Struktur der Übergangszone in den inneren Erdkern anhand des spektralen Abklingens der Phase PKP(BC)diff am Punkt C der Laufzeitkurve untersucht. Der physikalische Prozeß der Beugung ist für die starke Abnahme der Amplituden dieser Phase verantwortlich. Die Diffraktion beeinflußt das Abklingverhalten verschiedener Frequenzanteile des seismischen Signals auf unterschiedliche Weise. Eine Deutung des Verhaltens erfordert die Berechnung von Abklingspektren. Dabei wird die Abschwächung des PKP(BC)diff Signals für acht Frequenzen zwischen 6.4 s und 1.25 Hz ermittelt und als Spektrum dargestellt. Die Form des Abklingspektrums ist charakteristisch für die Beschaffenheit der Geschwindigkeitsstruktur direkt oberhalb der Grenze zum inneren Erdkern (GIK). Die Beben, deren Kernphasen im Regionalnetz als diffraktierte Kernphasen BCdiff registriert werden, liegen in einem Entfernungsbereich jenseits von 150 °. In dieser Distanz befinden sich die Erdbebenherde der Tonga-Fidschi-Subduktionszone, deren Breitbandaufzeichnungen verwendet werden. Die Auswertung unkorrigierter Wellenformen ergibt Abklingspektren, die mit plausiblen Erdmodellen nicht in Einklang zu bringen sind. Aus diesem Grund werden die Daten einer spektralen Stationskorrektur unterzogen, die eigens zu diesem Zweck ermittelt wird. Am Beginn der Auswertung steht eine Prüfung bekannter Erdmodelle mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeitsstrukturen oberhalb der GIK. Zu den untersuchten Modellen zählen PREM, IASP91, AK135Q, PREM2, SP6, OICM2 und eine Variante des PREM. Die Untersuchung ergibt, daß Modelle, die einen verringerten Gradienten oberhalb der GIK aufweisen, eine bessere Übereinstimmung mit den gemessenen Daten zeigen als Modelle ohne diese Übergangszone. Zur Verifikation dieser These wird ein Erdmodell, das keinen verringerten Gradienten oberhalb der GIK besitzt (PREM), durch eine Reihe unterschiedlicher Geschwindigkeitsverläufe in diesem Bereich ergänzt und deren synthetische Seismogramme berechnet. Das Resultat der Untersuchung sind zwei Varianten des PREM, deren Frequenzanalyse eine gute Übereinstimmung mit den Daten zeigt. Das Abklingspektrum des Erdmodells PD47, das in einer 380 km mächtigen Schicht einen negativen Gradienten besitzt, zeigt eine große Ähnlichkeit mit den gemessenen Spektren. Dennoch kann es nicht als realistisches Modell angesehen werden, da der Punkt C in einer zu großen Entfernung liegt. Darüber hinaus müßte die zu kurze Differenzlaufzeit zwischen PKP(AB) und PKP(DF) beziehungsweise PKIKP durch eine größere Änderung der Geschwindigkeitsstruktur im inneren Kern kompensiert werden. Es wird deshalb das Modell PD27a favorisiert, das diese Nachteile nicht aufweist. PD27a besitzt eine Schicht konstanter Geschwindigkeit oberhalb der GIK mit einer Mächtigkeit von 150 km. Die Art des Geschwindigkeitsverlaufs steht im Einklang mit der geodynamischen Modellvorstellung, nach der eine Anreicherung leichter Elemente oberhalb der GIK vorliegt, die als Ursache für die Konvektion im äußeren Erdkern anzusehen ist.
In this thesis the structure of the outer core is investigated with PKP core phases. The knowledge of the physical properties of the earth′s deep interior in this region is important for the understanding of geodynamical processes like the convective flow in the liquid outer core and the differential rotation of the earth′s inner core.
The first part of this thesis describes the investigation of the PKP caustic point B near 145 °. For this purpose a cumulative amplitude distance curve is determined and compared with theoretical amplitude distance curves of different standard earth models. The data are broadband seismograms of the German Regional Seismic Network (GRSN) and the Gräfenberg Array (GRF). In order to measure the absolute amplitudes of the PKP phases, a WWSSN-SP filter is applied to the seismograms. The source regions are located in the South Pacific near Vanuatu Island (4 earthquakes) and on the French atolls Mururoa and Fangataufa (4 explosions). The advantage of a standardized network of seismic stations and the usage of station and magnitude corrections is a reduction of the scatter of the amplitude data. There is even less scatter than in studies with long period amplitude data (Häge, 1981). Another reason for the reduced scattering is the use of events with an impulsive source time function. Only the low scattering of the amplitude values makes it possible to interpret the data. More scattering of the data would have prevented an interpretation. The theoretical amplitude curves are similar in the caustic B distance range. The Q depth distribution for P and S waves used for calculating the synthetic seismograms is a combination of the values of the models CIT112 and PREM. The amplitudes determined with the help of this kind of model are slightly higher than the actually measured amplitudes. However, this needs not be taken into account because the interpretation is based on the position of the caustic peak. Therefore I rejected the computation of an improved Q model.
Regarding the position of the caustic point there are two categories of earth models. The first group consists of the models IASP91 and 1066B with their maxima at 144.6 ° and 144.7 ° respectively. AK135, PREM and SP6 belong to a second group of models with caustic peaks at 145.1 ° and 145.2 ° (SP6). The measured curve has its maximum at 145 °. All distances refer to a source depth of 200 km. For a surface focus the increase in distance is 0.454 °. Therefore the peaks of the models AK135 and PREM are only 0.1 ° beside the maximum of the measured amplitude curve. The main result of this investigation is the amplitude distance curve in the vicinity of the cusp B. The curve determines the position of this point with an accuracy of ± 0.15 ° and points to earth models which would be good for modeling the amplitudes in the distance range of the PKP caustic B. The synthetic seismograms calculated for AK135 and PREM together with a standardized Q model fit the measured amplitude curve equally well.
In the second part of this study the structure of the transition zone to the earth′s inner core is investigated by using the spectral decay of the diffracted wave PKP(BC)diff at point C of the travel time curve. The physical process of diffraction is responsible for the strong reduction in amplitude of this wave. The influence of the diffraction on the seismic signal strongly depends on frequency. The interpretation of this phenomenon requires a calculation of decay spectra. In practice the attenuation of the PKP(BC)diff signal for eight frequencies between 6.4 s and 1.25 Hz are measured and visualized as a decay spectrum. The shape of a spectrum is characteristic of the velocity gradient above the inner core boundary (ICB). Those earthquakes whose core phases are recorded as diffracted core phases BCdiff lie beyond 150 °. In this distance range there are the epicenters of the Tonga-Fiji slab. The broadband waveform data of the earthquakes in this region is used in this study. Decay spectra of waveform data which are not corrected for station site effects are incompatible with standard earth models. Therefore a spectral station correction is applied, which was especially determined for this purpose. The investigation starts with a review of a number of well-known earth models like PREM, IASP91, AK135Q, PREM2, SP6, OICM2 and a version of PREM. All these models have different velocity structures at the ICB. It is shown that models with a reduced velocity gradient above the ICB agree with the data rather than models without such a transition zone. For verification purposes a model without such a reduced gradient (PREM) is completed with different kinds of gradient zones to calculate synthetic seismograms. Two variants of the PREM correspond with the measured decay constants. The decay constants of model PD47 are very close to the measured ones. This model has a 380 km thick negative gradient above the ICB. Nevertheless it is not a realistic model because point C lies in a unrealistic great distance. As a result of the low velocity zone above the inner core there is a differential travel time between the PKP(AB) and the PKP(DF) phase (also PKIKP) which is too short. This would have to be compensated by a correction of the velocities in the inner core. Thus PD27a is the most suitable model which does not have the above mentioned disadvantages. PD27a has a 150 km thick layer of constant velocity above the ICB. This kind of velocity model is compatible with geodynamical theories according to which an enrichment of light elements above the ICB is present and powers the convection in the outer earth core by its buoyancy.
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Laias, Elmabruk M. "Performance Analysis and Enhancement of QoS Framework for Fixed WiMAX Networks. Design, analysis and evaluation of 802.16 Point-to-Multipoint (PMP) Quality of Service Framework based on uplink scheduler and call admission control analysis." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4318.
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Given the current developments and advances in the scientific and technological aspects of human knowledge and introducing new approaches in various fields of telecommunication technologies and industries, there has been an increasing growth in its players' plans and a positive change in their outlooks in order to achieve the target of "anywhere and anytime access". Recent developments of WiMAX (Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access) networks, as a sign of increasing needs and demands for new telecommunication services and capabilities, have led to revolutions in global telecommunication which should be perceived properly in terms of the commercial and technical aspects in order to enjoy the new opportunities. Most experts believe that WiMAX technology is a preliminary step to develop Fourth Generation networks known as 4G technologies. It has not only succeeded in the utilization of several of the latest telecommunication techniques in the form of unique practical standards, but also paved the way for the quantitative and qualitative developments of high-speed broadband access. IEEE 802.16 Standard introduces several advantages, and one of them is the support for Quality of Services (QoS) at the Media Access Control (MAC) level. For these purposes, the standard defines several scheduling classes at MAC layer to treat service flow in a different way, depending on QoS requirements. In this thesis, we have proposed a new QoS framework for Point-to-Multi Point (PMP) 802.16 systems operating in Time Division Duplexing (TDD) mode over a WirelessMAN-OFDM physical layer. The proposed framework consists of a Call Admission Control (CAC) module and a scheduling scheme for the uplink traffic as well as a simple frame allocation scheme. The proposed CAC module interacts with the uplink scheduler status and it makes its decision based on the scheduler queue status; on the other hand, the proposed scheduling scheme for the uplink traffic aims to support realtime flows and adapts the frame-by-frame allocations to the current needs of the connections, with respect to the grants boundaries fixed by the CAC module. Extensive OPNET simulation demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed architecture.
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Wang, Cyong-Yi, and 王瓊儀. "Switching the function of PLP-dependent human serine racemase to serine dehydratase and vice versa by point mutation." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/67116262348429902645.
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碩士臺灣大學
生化科學研究所
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Serine racemase catalyzes the production of D-serine, a co-agonist of the NMDARs in the brain. Mammalian serine racemase is involved in the reversible conversion of L- to D-serine, as well as the dehydration activity toward L- and Dserine. We observed human serine racemase gene shows 23% identity with that of the human serine dehydratase (SD), which catalyzes the dehydration of L-serine to yield ammonia and pyruvate. Sequence alignment shows that the corresponding residue Ala65 in the human serine dehydratase is aligned with the catalytic Ser84 in the human serine racemase. One such mutant protein is a serine to alanine substitution at residue 84, located at the active site of human serine racemase. The S84A mutation caused the loss of isomerization activity and D-serine dehydratase of serine racemase. Whereas it retained the capability to act as an L-serine dehydratase activity. The single mutant of human serine dehydratase A65S protein increased 5-fold D-serine dehydratase activity at pH=9. To improve our understanding of the relationship between human serine racemase and human serine dehydratase mechanism, we have determined the X-ray crystal structure of the human serine dehydratase A65S mutant protein at 1.54Å resolution. Our results show that the S84 residue in human serine racemase, proximity to the substrate in an ideal orientation, plays an important role in shuttling the proton required for isomerization. The biological activity analysis of target mutagenesis and useful structural information have paved the way for mechanistic studies and have provided a framework for interpretation of those results.
Books on the topic "Point-To-Point (PtP)"
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Cannon, Gary. A technical approach to building electronics Product Recall Point (PRP). [San Diego, California]: National University, 2013.
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Young, Rosemary. Consumer behaviour at the point-of-purchase: Is ambient POP an effective alternative to traditional POP in terms of inducing impulsive purchasing behaviour within the consumer?. London: LCP, 2000.
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Chu, Yiu-Wai. Hong Kong Pop Culture in the 1980s. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463728669.
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This book deals with the 1980s – the “golden decade” of Hong Kong pop culture – in which a cosmopolitan lifestyle of pop and chic emerged in the city. Bookended by two major historical incidents, the 1980s will probably enter the annals of Hong Kong history as the decade that defined its future after reversion to Mainland China. Having witnessed and experienced the rise of Hong Kong pop culture to unprecedented heights in this decade, the author enhances its context through a story about his own personal belongings. Examining popular genres including television, film, music, fashion, disco and city magazine, this book teases out the distinctive aspects of Hong Kong pop culture that defined (his) Hong Kong. As Hong Kong has been undergoing drastic changes in recent years, it is necessary to point toward new imaginaries by re-examining its development. Toward this end, this book will shed light on an important research area of Hong Kong Studies as an academic discipline.
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Korolev, Vitaliy, Dmitriy Berdnikov, Aleksandr Geller, Oksana Kirillova, Sergey Vasin, Roman Kirillov, Ivan Kapitonov, et al. Antimonopoly and tariff regulation in the system of state control of the Russian Federation. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1862723.
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The textbook extensively covers the most pressing issues of antimonopoly and tariff regulation.
The basics of antimonopoly and tariff regulation are outlined, the main activities of the Federal Antimonopoly Service as a state regulator, its functions, powers and responsibilities in the implementation of state antimonopoly control and tariff policy, as well as issues of sectoral tariff regulation and control over economic concentration are considered.
Separate chapters are devoted to: types of unfair advertising and measures of responsibility for its placement; control of procurement activities. Various approaches to assessing the prospects for the development of corporations in a competitive environment are presented, for example, PPP, which, on the one hand, acts as a development tool, and on the other — as an object of antimonopoly regulation. The essence of the antimonopoly compliance method, which is used to prevent regulatory risks, is disclosed.
Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation.
For students studying in the areas of training "Management" and "Jurisprudence" (bachelor's and master's levels), studying issues of competition, antimonopoly control and tariff policy from the point of view of management in these areas.
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Milgrim, David. See Pip Point: Ready-To-Read Pre-Level 1. Simon & Schuster, Limited, 2016.
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Comentale, Edward P. ( ). University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037399.003.0006.
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This chapter concerns the formal silence that pervades pop music in the late modern era, which both allows for greater experimentation in music and preserves, in the face of complete commercial appropriation, the utopian possibility of some more subtle form of engagement with modernity. It argues that Buddy Holly's music represents the moment when popular music became “pop music,” and moreover that both John Cage and Holly pursued silence to the point of freeing song (and specifically lyrical song) from the expressive demands of identity and tradition. The chapter then draws from Jacques Derrida's Speech and Phenomena to show that Holly's vocals work via a process of “indication” rather than “expression” and thus point toward the very world that they fail to name or include. Finally, this chapter links Holly's music—and pop music in general—to the Pop Art movement of the late 1950s and early 1960s.
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Sloan, Nate, and Charlie Harding. Switched On Pop. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190056650.001.0001.
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Switched On Pop: How Pop Music Works, and Why It Matters illuminates the essential musical concepts behind two decades of chart-topping songs. The book moves through close studies of sixteen modern pop classics by artists from Beyoncé to Zedd, each chapter bringing out key aspects of a particular song as well as introducing core concepts such as rhythm, melody, harmony, form, and timbre. As the book progresses, more complex concepts such as syncopation, counterpoint, rhyme, and modulation are covered, culminating in an examination of genre, identity, and musical meaning. Accessible prose and engaging illustrations break down pop hits and musical ideas in clear, jargon-free language, and point toward a new way of listening to the modern soundtrack of pop.
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Milgrim, David. Adventures of Otto Ready-To-Read Value Pack: Go, Otto, Go!; See Pip Point; Ride, Otto, Ride!; Swing, Otto, Swing!; See Otto; See Pip Flap. Simon Spotlight, 2022.
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Hansen, Kai Arne. Pop Masculinities. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190938796.001.0001.
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Pop Masculinities investigates the performance and policing of masculinity in pop music as a starting point for grasping the broad complexity of gender and its politics in the early twenty-first century. Drawing together perspectives from critical musicology, gender studies, and adjacent scholarly fields, the book presents extended case studies of five well-known artists: Zayn, Lil Nas X, Justin Bieber, The Weeknd, and Take That. By directing particular attention to the ambiguities and contradictions that arise from these artists’ representations of masculinity, author Kai Arne Hansen argues that pop performances tend to operate in ways that simultaneously reinforce and challenge gender norms and social inequalities. Providing a rich exploration of these murky waters, the author merges the interpretation of recorded song and music video with discourse analysis and media ethnography in order to engage with the full range of pop artists’ public identities as they emerge at the intersections between processes of performance, promotion, and reception. In so doing, he advances our understanding of the aesthetic and discursive underpinnings of gender politics in twenty-first century pop culture and encourages readers to contemplate the sociopolitical implications of their own musical engagements as audiences, critics, musicians, and scholars.
Book chapters on the topic "Point-To-Point (PtP)"
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Fazel, Khaled, and Volker Engels. "A Digital Microwave Point-to-Multi-Point (PMP) System Based on Multi-Carrier FDMA Transmission." In Multi-Carrier Spread Spectrum & Related Topics, 71–78. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-4463-0_8.
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Moon, Jongbae, and Yongyun Cho. "A Point-Based Inventive System to Prevent Free-Riding on P2P Network Environments." In Computational Science and Its Applications - ICCSA 2011, 462–71. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21898-9_39.
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Blanco, Marcos, Jorge Torres, Miguel Santos-Herrán, Luis García-Tabarés, Gustavo Navarro, Jorge Nájera, Dionisio Ramírez, and Marcos Lafoz. "Recent Advances in Direct-Drive Power Take-Off (DDPTO) Systems for Wave Energy Converters Based on Switched Reluctance Machines (SRM)." In Ocean Wave Energy Systems, 487–532. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78716-5_17.
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AbstractThis chapter is focused on Power Take-Off (PTO) systems for wave energy converters (WEC), being one of the most important elements since PTOs are responsible to transform the mechanical power captured from the waves into electricity. It presents Direct-Drive PTO (DDPTO) as one of the most reliable solutions to be adapted to some particular types of WEC, such as point absorbers. A discussion about modularity and adaptability, together with intrinsic characteristics of direct-drive PTOs, is also included. Among the different technologies of electric machines that can be used in direct-drive linear PTOs, switched reluctance machines (SRM) are described in further detail. In particular, the Azimuthal Multi-translator SRM is presented as a suitable solution in order to increase power density and reduce costs. Not only the electric machine, but also the associated power electronics are described in detail. The description includes the different configurations and topologies of power converters and the most appropriate control strategies. Finally, a superconducting linear generator solution is described, presenting it as a reliable alternative for the application of direct-drive PTOs. An example of concept and preliminary design is included in order to highlight the main challenges to be faced during this process.
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Ibrahim, Jimoh, Christoph Loch, and Kishore Sengupta. "Two Express Road Rehabilitation Projects." In How Megaprojects Are Damaging Nigeria and How to Fix It, 161–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-96474-0_9.
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AbstractThe Lagos-Ibadan and Lagos-Badagry roads were built in the 1970s and 1990s, but had become outgrown by traffic needs and catastrophically congested, so widening and refurbishing projects were initiated. The Lagos-Ibadan Road will likely be completed in 2022, but it is not an example of a good project. It was started with a private–public partnership (PPP) scheme, which was then sabotaged after a government change, so funding became unstable leading to walk outs by contractors. Finally, the government repossessed the project and may finally get to completion, but only after design degradations, delays and overruns.The Lagos-Ibadan project is stalled, an example of overambitious design, unreliable funding, questionable accounting and misrepresentations to the public, with excuses that point away from the sources of the problems. The currently visible final result is a reduction of the project to “palliative measures” (i.e. repairing what is there rather than the expansion that the project started out to achieve).
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Lutz, Alexander, and Axel Lachmeyer. "SciPPPer: Automatic Lock-Passage for Inland Vessels – Practical Results Focusing on Control Performance." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 959–68. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_85.
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AbstractNavigating through locks is one of the most challenging tasks that skippers have to perform in inland navigation. Typical dimensions of a ship (width = 11.45 m) and a lock (width = 12 m) result in an error margin of less than 30 cm to the left and to the right of the ship when navigating within a lock chamber. Typical inland vessels on European waters have a length of 82 to 186 m. The wheel house on cargo vessels is located close to the stern of the vessel. This leads to low visibility of the bow in the lock chamber. In order to cope with this issue, a deck hand monitors the bow and announces distances to the skipper via radio. The quality of this information depends on the deck hand’s ability to judge distances correctly and is prone to error. This highly demanding maneuver needs to be performed up to 15 times per day. Each lock passage can take up to 30 minutes. The research project SciPPPer aims at automating this complex navigational task.The German acronym SciPPPer stands for Schleusenassistenzsystem basierend auf PPP und VDES für die Binnenschifffahrt – lock assistant system based on PPP and VDES for inland navigation. The idea is to fully automate the navigation into and out of a lock using high-precision GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) with PPP (precise point positioning) correction data which is transmitted from shore to ship using VDES (VHF Data Exchange System), an extension to AIS (Automatic Identification System). This absolute measurement data is complemented by relative measurement data using LiDAR and automotive RADAR and fused with inertial measurement data delivered by a mechanical gyro system. Apart from the challenge of precisely measuring the position and orientation of the vessel within the lock chamber, the control task poses an interesting problem as well. This contribution introduces both, the measuring and the control problem. However, the focus lies on the results of the control performance that was achieved on a full-bridge simulator as well as during real-world trials. A full-bridge simulator was used in order to test the control strategy and its algorithms safely. A number of different actuator configurations were investigated. Typical inland cargo vessels use one or two propellers with Kort nozzle and a twin rudder behind each propeller and a 360° turnable bow thruster. Typical inland passenger vessels use several (2–4) 360° turnable rudder propellers as main propulsion as well as a 360° turnable bow thruster or a classical tunnel thruster which can only apply forces to starboard or portside. These typical configurations were examined by simulation. The real-world trials were performed on a passenger vessel with three rudder propellers as main propulsion as well as a classical tunnel bow thruster acting left and right.This contribution presents the results of the simulator study as well as the real-world trials in terms of control performance. It explains specific challenges due to the navigation within an extremely confined space. The contribution concludes with lessons learned as well as an outlook focusing on the potential of the introduction of such a system to the inland navigation market.
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Chow, Yiu Fai, Jeroen de Kloet, and Leonie Schmidt. "Forbidden Love, Forgetting Gender." In Contemporary East Asian Visual Cultures, Societies and Politics, 109–36. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-6710-0_4.
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AbstractSince their inception, Tat Ming Pair has been famous, or in some circles, notorious, for their gender and sexuality politics. It is of an advantage that when spoken, the Chinese language makes no distinction between “he” or “she,” thus allowing for more gender ambivalence. This ambivalence extents to sexuality; in their campy, extravagant performances, the duo exudes a queer aesthetics, without ever coming out as such—what Helen Leung calls Hong Kong’s “queer undercurrent” (2008). But then, as an unexpected blast that cracks open the undercurrents of queer invisibility and unrepresentability, reality overtook theory, and surprised and challenged it, in the year 2012. The coming out of Anthony Wong during a Tat Ming Pair live performance marked the turning point. This act was soon followed by similar acts of coming out of other pop stars. Chapter 4 investigates the articulation between sexuality and popular music, in particular Tat Ming, in the context of Hong Kong and mainland China. In doing so, we will trace the emergence of a Chinese movement to find indigenous ways of understanding sexual diversity. Interwoven with such resistance against dominant Western theories and practices, particularly the politics of visibility, is a local cultivation of ambivalence and invisibility, itself a complex manifestation of the ongoing interaction between queer identity and Hong Kong identity. Reflecting upon the events in 2012, we will come back to—and try to make sense of—the disruptive surprise of public figures coming out, apparently in accordance with Western models and in contrast to earlier local sexual politics of ambivalence and invisibility. However, as we will finally show, in the years following 2012, the potentiality of this disruptive surprise has shifted and has been, sadly, pushed back. First, by national policies against effeminate masculinities and sexuality- and gender-related activism at large. Second, by increasingly strict policies towards NGOs and social movements. Paradoxically, and again sadly, the political activities of Anthony Wong in and after the Umbrella Movement may have further jeopardised the potentialities of queer politics. Ironically, these political developments may well inspire a strategic move back towards a politics of invisibility and ambivalence.
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García-Álvarez, David, and Javier Lara Hinojosa. "Global Thematic Land Use Cover Datasets Characterizing Vegetation Covers." In Land Use Cover Datasets and Validation Tools, 373–98. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90998-7_19.
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AbstractVegetation covers were one of the first land covers to receive special attention when thematic Land Use Cover (LUC) maps first appeared. Interest in this subject has remained strong since then because of the valuable information that these datasets provide for monitoring forests, deforestation and climate change, among other issues. A wide variety of thematic LUC datasets characterizing vegetation covers are currently available. In this chapter, we review eleven of these datasets, most of which provide long series of LUC maps, so permitting the study of LUC change. In thematic terms, most of the maps provide information on the vegetation or tree cover fraction per pixel, so characterizing the vegetation covers on Earth in great detail. A specific dataset has been found that maps mangrove distribution across the globe at 30 m for one date (1997/00). It is not included in this review because of its high specificity, which means it is only of interest to certain communities of users. Of all the products reviewed here, the World’s Forests 2000 is probably the most basic, providing information about three wooded cover categories for the year 1995/96 at a spatial resolution of 1 km. SYNMAP is a very specific thematic map designed to meet the needs of the carbon cycle and vegetation modelling community, which was produced at a spatial resolution of 1 km and with a legend of 48 categories. Among the maps providing information on the fraction of vegetation cover per pixel, the Hybrid Forest Mask 2000 (1 km) and the PTC Global Version (500 m–1 km) offer relatively coarse resolutions and few points in time: just one date in the former (2000) and two in the latter (2003, 2008). The Forests of the World 2010 is also available for just one year (2010), albeit at a more detailed spatial resolution (250 m). Various datasets provide information on the cover fraction for long periods of time at medium and high spatial resolutions. FCover provides the longest time series (1999-present) at 1 km, although since 2014 this dataset is also available at 300 m. Modis VCF also offers a long data series (2000–2019) at a spatial resolution of 250 m. MEaSUREs Vegetation Continuous Fields (VCF) is another thematic LUC dataset providing information on the tree cover fraction of the earth surface for a very long time period: 1982–2016. However, it is not reviewed here because of its coarse spatial resolution (around 5.6 km at the Equator). At very detailed spatial resolutions, GFCC30TC Landsat VCF (30 m) provides data on the cover fraction for four different points in time, between 2000 and 2015. It also gives information on forest change for two periods (1990–2000/2000–2005) through the associated GFCC30FCC dataset. The Hansen forest map (30 m) also provides one of the longest time series, from 2000 to 2019. Global FNF is the dataset with the highest resolution (25 m) of all those reviewed. It is available for two periods of time: 2007–2010 and 2015–2017. In thematic terms, however, this dataset is less detailed, in that it only differentiates between forest and non-forest covers. TanDEM-X Forest/Non-Forest also provides information on the forest extent at high spatial resolution (50 m). However, the map is only available for one point in time. Like Global FNF, it was also obtained from the classification of radar data.
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Jayshree, Gopalakrishnan Seetharaman, and Debadatta Pati. "Comparative Study of Hybrid Optimizations Technique for On-Chip Interconnect in Multimedia SoCs." In Advances in Parallel Computing. IOS Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/apc210069.
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This paper presents the design and analysis of on-chip interconnect architectures for real time Multimedia Systems-on-Chip (MSoC) targeting Internet of Things (IoT) applications. The interconnect architecture provides high flexibility in connection for hardware implementation of reconfigurable neural network. Due to technology’s miniaturization in ultra-deep submicron technology, the on-chip interconnect performance and power consumption become a bottle-neck. In this paper, the hybrid optimization technique is proposed to address these challenges using schmitt trigger as a repeater and tapering. Here, the proposed optimization technique is incorporated with a dedicated point to point based interconnection (PTP-BI) configuration. A comparative study with others without optimization technique (Model–I) shows the effectiveness of the proposed optimization technique (Model–II). The technology node scaling impacts are also analyzed for both techniques. Finally, the percentage reduction of latency and power consumption are evaluated in two different cases to observe the impacts of varying the interconnect length.
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Avraham, Yehonatan, and Monika Pinchas. "Performance of the Modified MSE Upper Bounds Under Packet Loss and the gfGn Surroundings for the PTP Scenario." In Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications. IOS Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/faia231244.
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A time synchronization system utilized by computer networks is the PTP. The packet loss phenomenon may cause degradation in the clock skew or offset estimators’ performances from the mean square error (MSE) point of view. Recently, the same authors provided an algorithm for estimating the missing time stamps and MSE upper bounds for the modified clock skew estimators (the two-way delay (TWD) clock skew estimator and the one-way delay (OWD) clock skew estimators for the Forward and Reverse paths). Those MSE upper bounds help to estimate the entire amount of packets required by the system (from the perspective of the MSE) in the event of packet loss. The recently discovered upper bounds for the MSE are applicable to the fractional Gaussian noise (fGn) setting with a Hurst exponent parameter (H) between half and one. However, practical PTP systems may also be characterized as generalized fractional Gaussian noise (gfGn), with the a parameter in the range of 0 < a ≤ 1. The three revised clock skew estimators are tested in this study under the gfGn environment and packet loss scenario, and new MSE upper limits are provided for this case. The newly derived upper limits for the MSE applicable for the gfGn scenario are very useful, as will demonstrated by simulation results.
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"IP on Point-to-Point Links: PPP." In Local Networks and the Internet, 529–70. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118599822.ch15.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Point-To-Point (PtP)"
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Wang, Rebecca, Juan Blanch, and Todd Walter. "Constellation Fault Monitoring to Support a Precise Point Positioning (PPP) Integrity Service." In 37th International Technical Meeting of the Satellite Division of The Institute of Navigation (ION GNSS+ 2024), 628–42. Institute of Navigation, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.33012/2024.19784.
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Ghanbari, Elmira, Alireza Saatchi, Danyil Kovalov, Bruno Kursten, and Digby D. Macdonald. "The Influence of Halide Ions on the Passivity Breakdown of Carbon Steel Based on the Point Defect Model." In CORROSION 2018, 1–8. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11025.
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Abstract An important factor in determining the breakdown of the barrier layer of the passive film on carbon steel in halide-containing solutions is the anion size. In this study, the influence of the size of aggressive anions on the passivity breakdown of UNS K02700 grade carbon steel exposed to saturated Ca(OH)2 solutions with the addition of different halides was investigated by using the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) experiments. The PDP results were interpreted by using a mechanistic description based on the Point Defect Model (PDM). The experimental results revealed a linear dependence of the critical breakdown potential (Ec) on the logarithm of the activity of the breakdown-inducing halide (F-, Cl-, Br-, and I-), as predicted by the PDM. Furthermore, the PDM successfully accounted for the order with which the halides induce passivity breakdown, F- < Cl- > Br- > I-, in terms of competitive Gibbs free energy of anion dehydration and expansion of surface oxygen vacancies, into which the halide must absorb as the initial event in the breakdown process.
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Gaillard, Georges, Fabienne Saliou, Dylan Chevalier, Gaël Simon, Philippe Chanclou, Luiz Anet Neto, Michel Morvan, and Bruno Fracasso. "A Versatile Point-to-Point Network Architecture with Multi-Rate Adaptability from 100 Gbit/s to 10 Gbit/s." In Optical Fiber Communication Conference. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/ofc.2024.w2a.29.
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PtP networks are optimized with optical switch and extended reach (25-50 km) to another CO to allow flexible band width and power consumption. Different transmission capacities and scenarios are experimented with a DFB, from 100 Gbit/s to 10 Gbit/s with/without FEC and SOA.
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Wahyudi, Wali Ahmad, and Myo Min Htut. "Neural-tuned PID controller for Point-to-point (PTP) positioning system: Model reference approach." In Its Applications (CSPA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cspa.2009.5069204.
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Wahyudi, Tarig F. Ibrahim, and Momoh J. E. Salami. "Robustness evaluation of fuzzy-based NCTF control of point-to-point (PTP) positioning systems." In 2007 IEEE/ASME international conference on advanced intelligent mechatronics. IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/aim.2007.4412448.
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Purtojo and Wahyudi. "Integral anti-windup scheme of full-state feedback control for point-to-point (PTP) positioning system." In 2008 International Conference on Electronic Design. ICED 2008. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iced.2008.4786777.
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Schneier, Bruce, and Mudge. "Cryptanalysis of Microsoft's point-to-point tunneling protocol (PPTP)." In the 5th ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/288090.288119.
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Laborde, Romain, Michel Kamel, François Barrère, and Abdelmalek Benzekri. "PEP = Point to Enhance Particularly." In 2008 IEEE Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks - POLICY. IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/policy.2008.13.
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Goodarzi, B., and H. Sarbazi-Azad. "Task Migration in Mesh NoCs over Virtual Point-to-Point Connections." In 2011 19th Euromicro International Conference on Parallel, Distributed and Network-Based Processing (PDP). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pdp.2011.71.
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Meckstroth, Christopher, and Jeffrey Brown. "Point Cloud to Parameter: An Inverse Geometric Approach to Probabilistic Design." In ASME Turbo Expo 2019: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2019-91652.
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Abstract A method is presented to enable probabilistic design based on manufacturing blade variation. The goal of Point Cloud to Parameter (P2P) process is to autonomously extract design parameters from measured, three-dimensional scans of turbine engine blade profiles. Rather than simply determining statistical field variation in the blade surface, these extracted design parameters relate back to the creation of the original blade geometry, such that they could be utilized to recreate the blade in a CAD program. Designers can then use these results to compare and quantify design intent dimensions with manufacturing dimensions, and similarly, the intended performance of the blade. Results are presented of initial tests performed on a measured point cloud of blisk geometry with 18 blades. The parameters extracted using the P2P algorithm are compared to the results of a mesh deformation effort performed on the same geometry and it is shown that the P2P parameters correlate well with FEA computed frequencies.
Reports on the topic "Point-To-Point (PtP)"
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Simpson, W. The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). RFC Editor, December 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1548.
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Simpson, W., ed. The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). RFC Editor, July 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1661.
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Hamzeh, K., G. Pall, W. Verthein, J. Taarud, W. Little, and G. Zorn. Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP). RFC Editor, July 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc2637.
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Carlson, J., and R. Winslow. Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Vendor Protocol. RFC Editor, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3772.
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Perkins, D., and R. Hobby. Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) initial configuration options. RFC Editor, July 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1172.
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Higashiyama, M., F. Baker, and T. Liao. Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) Bridging Control Protocol (BCP). RFC Editor, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3518.
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Schryver, V. IANA Considerations for the Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP). RFC Editor, June 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3818.
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Simpson, W. The Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) for the Transmission of Multi-protocol Datagrams over Point-to-Point Links. RFC Editor, May 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc1331.
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Liu, D., J. Halpern, and C. Zhang. ifStackTable for the Point-to-Point (P2P) Interface over a LAN Type: Definition and Examples. RFC Editor, August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc9296.
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Housley, R., and T. Moore. Certificate Extensions and Attributes Supporting Authentication in Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) and Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN). RFC Editor, May 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.17487/rfc3770.
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