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Journal articles on the topic 'Pollution Load Index (PLI)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2025

Last updated: 15 July 2025

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1

ELhariri, Khadija S., Mohamed S. Hamouda, and Mariam M. ELmughrbe. "Determining Pollution Level for the Marine Environment Using the Pollution Load Index." مجلة علوم البحار والتقنيات البيئية 8, no. 1 (2022): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.59743/jmset.v8i1.5.

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Monitoring means Monitoring, Data, Indicators, Assessment, and Knowledge. Based on this context the Pollution Load Index (PLI), has been applied using the data obtained from the analysis of water and algae. Algae and Posidonia oceanic were considered as good candidates among the different species selected by the United Nation Environmental Program (UNEP). The concentrations of the metals (Zn, Pb, Cd, and Cu) were measured in two marine green algae namely Ulva sp and Enteromorpha sp, that were collected from four Sites, during the winter and summer seasons. The results of the PLI calculated sho

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Sukri, Nor Sayzwani, Siti Amirah Aspin, Nurul Liyana Kamarulzaman, et al. "Assessment of metal pollution using enrichment factor (EF) and pollution load index (PLI) in sediments of selected Terengganu rivers, Malaysia." Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied Sciences 14, no. 2 (2018): 235–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/mjfas.v14n2.1065.

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Anthropogenic activities that happen in Terengganu River were contributed to sediment pollution at that area. The sediment pollution occurred when sediment are additional influenced with chemical adsorption between the metals, grain size, and organic matter. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the metal pollution using Enrichment Factor (EF) and Pollution Load Index (PLI) and compared with the previous study. A total of 15 sediment samples were collected from 5 different rives and metal concentration were analyzed using flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (ASS). The metal concentration r

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3

Sangilidurai, Karthika, Sivasubramanian Karuppusamy, Dhevagi Periyasamy, et al. "Ecological risk assessment of microplastics in agricultural soils of Coimbatore region, India." Natural Resources for Human Health 4, no. 2 (2024): 152–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53365/nrfhh/184013.

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Although plastics provide numerous conveniences for human life, concerns about ecosystems and human life are rising tremendously due to increased plastic production and consumption. The ubiquitous presence and undeniable distribution of microplastics (MPs) in agricultural usage created a major risk concern for soil ecology and human health. The ecological risk assessment of microplastics in agricultural sites in the Coimbatore region of South India has been evaluated using three ecological risk indices: Pollution Hazard Index (PHI), Pollution Load Index (PLI), and Potential Ecological Risk Ind

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Al-Dahar, Rashid K., Adel M. Rabee, and Riyam J. Mohammed. "Calculation of soil pollution indices with elements in residential areas of Baghdad city." Bionatura 8, no. 1 (2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2023.08.01.43.

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Estimation of elements: Pb, Zn, Mn, Cd, and Cu, which were conducted seasonally from October-2021 till March-2022 in residential areas of Baghdad City using Geoaccumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor ratios (EF), the factor of contamination (CF), contamination degree (Cd), index of pollution load (PLI) and index of potential ecological risk (Eif). The overall contamination factor in the research area is limited from low contamination with Cu, Mn, and Zn, moderately contaminated to very high contamination with Pb and Cd, while the assessment according to the I-geo index shows categories th

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Ramal, Majeed Mattar, and Huda Sulaiman Ghalib. "Heavy Metals Assessment in Sediments Beds of Habbaniyah Lake, Iraq." Journal of Applied Research and Technology, no. 2 (April 27, 2023): 281–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2023.21.2.1742.

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Heavy Metals (HMs) concentrations in a sediment sample from Habbaniyah Lake (HL), Iraq (Cr, Cd, Ni, Fe, Co, Zn, Pb, and Cu). 33 locations have been selected in the field of study from October 2020 to April 2021 to evaluate the contamination of HMs in sediments by using pollution load index (PLI), contamination factor (CF), Contamination degree (CD), and geo-accumulation index (I-geo). Atomic Absorption Spectrometer AAS was used to determine heavy metal concentrations (USA Phoenix-986). The following are the average concentrations: 2152.97 mg/kg for Fe, 47.35 mg/kg for Pb, 25.18 mg/kg for Cr, 1

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Mannaa, Ammar A., Athar Ali Khan, Rabea Haredy, and Aaid G. Al-Zubieri. "Contamination Evaluation of Heavy Metals in a Sediment Core from the Al-Salam Lagoon, Jeddah Coast, Saudi Arabia." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 8 (2021): 899. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080899.

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The Al-Salam Lagoon is one of the recreational sites along the Jeddah coast, showing the environmental impacts of urbanization along the coast. A sediment core (220 cm) was collected from the intertidal zone to evaluate the heavy metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, and Pb) and geochemical indices (contamination factor, geo-accumulation index, and pollution load index). In the organ-ic-rich muddy sediments (0–100 cm), there is a high metals content and a pollution load index of ~3, indicting anthropogenic impacts with high Cu contamination (CF:12) and moderate Fe, Mn, Cr, Ni, Zn, and Pb contaminati

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Wei, Wenchao, Yun Zhang, Licheng Wang, et al. "Microplastic Pollution and Its Ecological Risks in the Xisha Islands, South China Sea." Toxics 13, no. 3 (2025): 205. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13030205.

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China is facing increasing marine microplastic pollution. Despite the fact that the South China Sea is the largest marine area in China, the ecological danger and present state of microplastic contamination in this region have not been systematically and comprehensively investigated. This study analyzed the abundance, distribution, and characteristics of microplastics in different environmental media and biological samples from the Xisha Islands in the South China Sea, and then the ecological risk assessment of microplastic pollution in this area was conducted. The findings indicated that the

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8

Yadav, Arti, and Pawan Kumar Yadav. "Pollution Load Index (PLI) of field irrigated with wastewater of Mawaiya Drain in Naini suburbs of Allahabad District." Current World Environment 13, no. 1 (2018): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/cwe.13.1.15.

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Wastewater irrigation is practiced in outskirts of several cities of India. Enhanced growth and productivity of crops possess threat of heavy metal accumulation while irrigated with wastewater. Assessment of heavy metal accumulation in soil flooded with wastewater of Mawaiya drain in Naini region of Allahabad district, using parameter of contamination factor and pollution load index (PLI). Samples of soil were taken from the fields irrigated with wastewater and analyzed for heavy metals by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (AAS). The maximum accumulation of heavy metal was observed for iron

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9

Faiz, Y., S. Waheed, and N. Siddique. "Air Quality Assessment of Faisalabad and Gujranwala Cities of Pakistan: Application of Pollution Indices." Nucleus 52, no. 2 (2015): 55–62. https://doi.org/10.71330/thenucleus.2015.650.

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Urban air quality of industrial cities of Pakistan, namely Gujranwala and Faisalabad was assessed in terms of pollution level indicators such as pollution load index (PLI), geoaccumulation index (Igeo), pollution index (PI) and integrated pollution index (IPI). It was found that both cities have elevated metal concentrations indicating heavy to extreme contamination for most of the sites. Local anthropogenic activities and elevated geo-accumulation indices for different suite of elements were used to indicate possible pollutant sources in these two industrial cities to be traffic derived emiss

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10

Esmaeilzadeh, Marjan, Elham Mahmoudpuor, Somayeh Haghighat, Sara Esmaeilzadeh, Hamide Aliani, and Najmeh Yazdanfar. "Contamination and ecological risk assessment of trace elements in sediments of the Anzali Wetland, Northern Iran." Water Science and Technology 84, no. 9 (2021): 2578–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2021.455.

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Abstract In this paper, concentrations of some heavy metals in surficial sediments of the International Anzali Wetland were measured, this wetland is located in the northern part of Iran. Sediment pollution levels were examined and analyzed using reliable pollution indices including Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo) and Enrichment Factor (CF), and finally it was revealed that heavy metal pollution ranged from low to moderate loads in the wetland. According to Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs) and Ecological Risk Index (ERI), it was concluded that As and Ni may have sign

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GENC, Tuncer Okan, and Fevzi YILMAZ. "Risk Assessment and Accumulation of Metals in Sediment of Koycegiz Lagoon System, Turkey." JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN AGRICULTURE 6, no. 1 (2016): 804–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jaa.v6i1.5386.

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This paper focuses on metal (Cr, Cu, Pb, Mn and Zn) accumulation and degree of contamination in the sediments of the Koycegiz Lagoon Systems. Pollution by these metals was examined using several calculation methods: pollution load index (PLI), contamination factor (CF), geoaccumulation index (lgeo) and enrichment factors (EF). The mean value of contamination factor (CF) for Pb, Cu, Zn, Mn metals showed low degree of contamination (CF < 1), whereas Cr showed considerably degree (3CF< 6). Higher PLI values were observed in sampling sites III where discharge point of waste water and the PLI

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12

O.O, Sholadoye. "Heavy metals assessment of farmland soil in Bagega mining community, Zamfara State, Northwestern Nigeria." Biological and Environmental Sciences Journal for the Tropics 20, no. 3 (2024): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/bestj.v20i3.15.

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The present study was conducted to examine the level of heavy metals pollution of farmlandsoil at Bagega community, Anka Zamfara State as a result of artisanal and illegal mining activities going on in the community. Soil samples were collected from farmland soil at thedepth of 15cm, acid digestion was carried out and the solution was subjected to Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer model Varian AA240FS for the metal analysis. The level of soil contamination were assessed by Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo) and Pollution Load Index (PLI). The Geo-accumulation studies show that the soil was modera

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13

Prartono, Tri, Nyoman Metta Nyanakumara Natih, Agus Saleh Atmadipoera, et al. "Geochemical partitioning of Cu and Zn in Pelabuhanratu Bay sediment." BIO Web of Conferences 106 (2024): 03006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/202410603006.

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Activities such as fishing ports and power plants on the coast of Pelabuhanratu Bay have recently developed and hence, their input of metal-containing waste may influence the seawater quality of the bay as the fishing grounds. This study aimed to determine the potential sources (i.e., anthropogenic and natural) and pollution status in sediments. Sediment samples were collected once at 10 stations in the bay using a Van Veen grab. The geochemical partitioning of non-residual and residual phases of metals was used to assess the anthropogenic and natural sources, respectively. The status of metal

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14

Shomanova, Zhanat, Yuriy Nossenko, Meruert Yerkibayeva, et al. "Environmental risk assessment for sustainable industrial urban development: The case of northern industrial zone of Pavlodar, Kazakhstan." PLOS ONE 20, no. 4 (2025): e0320835. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0320835.

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This study assesses heavy metal (HM) contamination in soils of an urban industrial zone using statistical and spatial analysis methods. Concentrations of 12 key HMs, including Zn, Pb, Cu, and Ni, were measured using X-ray fluorescence (XRF), with values exceeding background levels several times in certain areas. Pollution indices such as the Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Total Pollution Indicator (Zc) revealed moderate to high contamination levels, with PLI values ranging from 1.05 to 3.38 and Zc values between 0.67 and 51.34. Health risk assessments indicated that the hazard quotients (HQ) e

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15

El-Sharkawy, Ghada, Modhi O. Alotaibi, Raghda Zuhair, et al. "Ecological Assessment of Polluted Soils: Linking Ecological Risks, Soil Quality, and Biota Diversity in Contaminated Soils." Sustainability 17, no. 4 (2025): 1524. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17041524.

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Understanding the correlation between soil pollution, environmental indices, humic substances, and soil biota diversity is critical for assessing ecological health, particularly in areas with prolonged contamination. In this study, 90 soil samples were collected from ten locations in El-Mahla El-Kobra area, Egypt, affected by industrial pollution and unsustainable agricultural practices. Significant variations in organic matter, humic substances, microbial biomass carbon, and microbial populations were observed. Heavy metal contamination was highest in site S3, with a contamination degree (CD)

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16

Yang, Hae Jong, Tae-Woo Kang, Byungwoong Choi, Soon Hong Hwang, Dongseok Shin, and Won-Pyo Park. "Potential Sources of Heavy Metals in Sediments of an Urban‒Agricultural Watershed and Relationship with Land Use Using a Statistical Approach." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (2022): 9444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159444.

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This study verified pollution levels through evaluation of the Sediment Quality Guidelines (SQGs), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (PERI) by analyzing the concentrations of heavy metals in sediments of an urban‒agricultural watershed in the Yeongsan River basin, South Korea. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the relationships between pollution levels and land use, and potential sources of pollution were identified. For spatial distributions, Pb, Zn, Cu, Cd, and Hg concentrations were highest at mid-upstream, but As, Cr, and Ni concentrations were

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17

Santikanuri, Arisda Maryama, Riyanto Haribowo, and Sri Wahyuni. "Water Pollution Index and Microplastic Ecological Risk in The North Coastal Area of Situbondo." Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan IPA 11, no. 4 (2025): 926–35. https://doi.org/10.29303/jppipa.v11i4.10990.

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Microplastic pollution in rivers can harm ecosystems and water quality. This study aims to assess water quality and the ecological risk of microplastics in 15 locations in the North Coastal Area of Situbondo, which include rivers and estuaries. Water samples were analyzed based on water quality parameters, such as pH, TDS, ammonia, salinity, turbidity, DO, and BOD. Microplastics were identified using binocular microscopes and FTIR, with characteristics (size, shape, color) recorded. The Water Pollution Index (IP) showed a mild level of pollution with values ranging from 1.322 to 3.897, where I

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18

RAUF, Annisa Utami, Anwar MALLONGI, Anwar DAUD, et al. "SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGICAL RISK OF POTENTIALLY TOXIC ELEMENTS IN MAROS REGENCY, INDONESIA." Carpathian Journal of Earth and Environmental Sciences 17, no. 1 (2022): 93–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.26471/cjees/2022/017/203.

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Air pollution is a major environmental problem in Indonesia. Potentially toxic elements (PTEs) which bounded to particulate matter (PM) samples were collected from Maros karst area, the second largest karst in the world. The seasonal levels of PTEs and ecological risk assessment were used to investigate the pollution levels near the residential areas using pollution load index (PLI) and potential ecological risk index (PERI). Spatial distributions of ecological risks based on the PTEs concentration have been explored with Empirical Bayesian Kriging method. The result indicated the mean concent

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19

Dauvalter, Vladimir, Zakhar Slukovskii, Dmitry Denisov, and Alina Guzeva. "A Paleolimnological Perspective on Arctic Mountain Lake Pollution." Water 14, no. 24 (2022): 4044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14244044.

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The chemical composition of sediments from the Arctic mountain Lake Bolshoy Vudjavr, situated in the western part of the Russian Arctic zone, was studied. The lake has been under intense anthropogenic load for more than 90 years since the development of the richest apatite–nepheline deposits in the world started. A 27 cm thick sediment core was sampled in the central part of the lake at the maximum depth of 37.4 m. The concentrations of more than 50 elements were analyzed by the mass spectral method, ICP-MS. The lake sedimentation rate established from the change in the content of the radioact

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20

Reeta, Kori, Saxena Alok, Wankhade Harish, et al. "Heavy Metal Contamination in Soil of Industrial Area, Dewas, Madhya Pradesh, India." International Journal of Environmental & Agriculture Research 6, no. 11 (2020): 62–69. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4297924.

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<strong>Abstract</strong><strong>—</strong> A study has been conducted to assess the heavy metal contamination in soil of Dewas industrial area of Madhya Pradesh, India. Total eight locations and one control location were selected in Dewas industrial area for soil quality monitoring w.r.t. heavy metals. The nine soil samples were monitored for heavy metals such as Chromium (Cr), Manganese(Mn), Nickel (Ni), Copper (Cu), Zinc (Zn), Iron (Fe), Cadmium (Cd), Lead (Pb) and Cobalt (Co) analysis during different four quarters from April 2019 to March 2020. The heavy metal contamination with w.r

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21

Wang, Min, Ruilin Zhang, Beibei Yan, Chengyuan Song, Yang Lv, and Hengyi Zhao. "Prediction of Soil Pollution Risk Based on Machine Learning and SHAP Interpretable Models in the Nansi Lake, China." Toxics 13, no. 4 (2025): 278. https://doi.org/10.3390/toxics13040278.

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To assess and predict the Nansi Lake soil pollution risk, we evaluate the soil environmental quality in the Nansi Lake region using machine learning techniques, combined with the SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) model for interpretability. The primary objective was to predict the level of soil pollution caused by heavy metals, incorporating the traditional Pollution Load Index (PLI) and Potential Ecological Risk Index (PERI) methods. Through the integration of statistical characteristics, PLI, and PERI evaluations, a new assessment method was created, categorizing soil pollution into “Clas

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Panayotova, Marinela, Nikolay Stoyanov, and Svetlana Bratkova. "Review of worldwide experience and the European legislation related to groundwater pollution assessment. Pollution indices and criteria." Engineering Geology and Hydrogeology 33, no. 1 (2019): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.52321/igh.33.1.51.

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A brief review of the European legislation related to groundwater protection and the legislation’s transposition in Bulgaria has been made. The existence of the necessary regulatory framework for ensuring groundwater protection has been pointed out. The basic guidance documents that help to meet the requirements set out in the Water Framework Directive and its daughter directives are outlined. The worldwide scientific experience regarding introduction of different indices and criteria for assessing the groundwater pollution is briefly presented and discussed. The outlined indexes and criteria

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23

Kumar, Amit, Marina Cabral-Pinto, Amit Kumar, Munesh Kumar, and Pedro A. Dinis. "Estimation of Risk to the Eco-Environment and Human Health of Using Heavy Metals in the Uttarakhand Himalaya, India." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (2020): 7078. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207078.

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In the modern era, due to the rapid increase in urbanization and industrialization in the vicinity of the Himalayas, heavy metals contamination in soil has become a key priority for researchers working globally; however, evaluation of the human and ecological risks mainly in hilly areas remains limited. In this study, we analyzed indices like the contamination factor (CF), degree of contamination (DC), enrichment factor (EF), geochemical index (Igeo), pollution ecological risk index (PERI), and pollution load index (PLI), along with cancer risk (CR) and hazard indices (HI), to ascertain the ec

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Chaparro, Mauro A. E., Marcos A. E. Chaparro, and Daniela A. Molinari. "A Fuzzy-Based Analysis of Air Particle Pollution Data: An Index IMC for Magnetic Biomonitoring." Atmosphere 15, no. 4 (2024): 435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos15040435.

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Airborne magnetic particles may be harmful because of their composition, morphology, and association with potentially toxic elements that may be observed through relationships between magnetic parameters and pollution indices, such as the Tomlinson pollution load index (PLI). We present a fuzzy-based analysis of magnetic biomonitoring data from four Latin American cities, which allows us to construct a magnetic index of contamination (IMC). This IMC uses four magnetic parameters, i.e., magnetic susceptibility χ, saturation isothermal remanent magnetization SIRM, coercivity of remanence Hcr, an

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Safarov, Ruslan, Zhanat Shomanova, Yuriy Nossenko, Zhandos Mussayev, and Ayana Shomanova. "Digital Visualization of Environmental Risk Indicators in the Territory of the Urban Industrial Zone." Sustainability 16, no. 12 (2024): 5190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16125190.

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This study focused on predicting the spatial distribution of environmental risk indicators using mathematical modeling methods including machine learning. The northern industrial zone of Pavlodar City in Kazakhstan was used as a model territory for the case. Nine models based on the methods kNN, gradient boosting, artificial neural networks, Kriging, and multilevel b-spline interpolation were employed to analyze pollution data and assess their effectiveness in predicting pollution levels. Each model tackled the problem as a regression task, aiming to estimate the pollution load index (PLI) val

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Zhang, Haixia, Angzu Cai, Xiaojian Wang, et al. "Risk Assessment and Source Apportionment of Heavy Metals in Soils from Handan City." Applied Sciences 11, no. 20 (2021): 9615. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11209615.

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Soil-heavy metals are potentially harmful to the ecosystem and human health. Quantifying heavy metals sources is conducive to pollution control. In this study, 64 surface-soil samples were collected in Handan city. Cr, Mn, Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb were determined; then, their spatial distribution in the sampling area was drawn by ArcGIS. The pollution index (PI) method, geo-accumulation index (Igeo) method, Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI) and pollution load index (PLI) were used to evaluate the pollution level of heavy metals in surface soil; then, an ecological and health risk assessme

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Mashiatullah, A., M. Z. Chaudhary, T. Javed, et al. "METAL POLLUTION ASSESSMENT IN SEDIMENTS OF KARACHI COAST, PAKISTAN." Nucleus 48, no. 3 (2011): 223–30. https://doi.org/10.71330/thenucleus.2011.836.

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Concentrations of eight metals (Fe, Mn, Cr, Mo, Ni , Pb , Sr and Zn ) in surface sediments of Karachi Coast- Pakistan were determined to evaluate their distribution and pollution assessment. Measured metals in the sediments were found to be in the range of: Fe: 0.84 â€“ 6.96 %, Mn: 300- 1300 Âµg/g, Cr: 12.0 â€“ 319 Âµg/g, Mo: 0.49-2.03 Âµg/g, Ni: 1.53-58.9 Âµg/g, Pb: 9.0-49.5 Âµg/g, Sr:192-1185 Âµg/g, Zn: 15.6-666 Âµg/g. There is no significant correlations among most of these metals, indicating different anthropogenic and natural sources. To assess ecotoxic potential of marine sediments, Nume

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Bawuro, A.A., R.B. Voegborlo, A.A. Adimado, and S.D. Ahmed. "Evaluation of Heavy Metal Distribution in Sediments of Lake Geriyo, Adamawa State, Nigeria." Nigerian Research Journal of Engineering and Environmental Sciences 6, no. 2 (2021): 530–39. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5805112.

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<em>Monitoring of pollution level in Lake Geriyo, Adamawa State, Nigeria was conducted to assess concentration of metals (Zn, Cu, Pb and Cd) in sediments of the lake. The order of the mean concentrations of the metals investigated were Zn > Cu > Pb > Cd. Zn and Cd were below the background concentration while Pb and Cu were slightly above. The results indicated that the metals exhibit lower values than sediment quality guideline (SQG). Thus, Lake Geriyo sediment can be classified as unpolluted. Geo-accumulation index (Igeo), enrichment factor (EF), contamination factor (CF), degree of

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OLU, Joshua, Hajara Oyiza YUSUF, Charity Irekpita AKHIGBE, and Oluchi Cynthia ABIAMERE. "Heavy metal contamination, pollution indices and health risk assessment of soil around an asphalt production company in Badagry, Lagos, Nigeria." Environmental Studies Journal 1, no. 1 (2022): 14–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.36108/esj/2202.10.0120.

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In the environment, heavy metal contamination tends to be ecologically important considering its toxicity and pollution of the soil. It constitutes some levels of risks and hazards to humans and the ecosystem. This study assessed the heavy metal contamination, pollution indices and associated health risk of soil around an asphalt production company. A total of 13 soil samples were obtained around asphalt plant. The heavy metals such as cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), lead (Pb), cobalt (Co) and zinc (Zn) were analyzed. Also determined were the contamination factor (CF), cancer risk (CR), degree of con

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Pietruszewski, Wojciech, and Anna Podlasek. "Multi-Indicator Assessment of Heavy Metals Contamination and Ecological Risk Around the Landfills of the Boruta Zgierz Dye Industry Plant in Central Poland." Sustainability 17, no. 12 (2025): 5425. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17125425.

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This study assesses the extent of heavy metals (HMs) contamination and the associated ecological risks in soils surrounding waste landfills at the former Boruta Dye Industry Plant in Zgierz, Poland. Soil samples were collected during two sampling campaigns (summer 2023 and winter 2024) from 13 locations. Concentrations of Cu, Ni, Zn, Pb, and Cd were measured, and contamination levels were evaluated using several indices: geoaccumulation index (Igeo), pollution index (PI), pollution load index (PLI), Nemerow integrated pollution index (NIPI), ecological risk factor for a single metal (Eri), ind

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Proshad, Ram, Md Saiful Islam, and Tapos Kormoker. "Assessment of heavy metals with ecological risk of soils in the industrial vicinity of Tangail district, Bangladesh." International Journal of Advanced Geosciences 6, no. 1 (2018): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijag.v6i1.9791.

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This study was conducted to assess the ecological risk of heavy metals in soils collected from the industrial vicinity of Tangail district in Bangladesh. In this study, the levels of six heavy metals namely chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) in 15 sampling sites around the industrial vicinity of Tangail district in Bangladesh were assessed. The mean concentration of Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd and Pb in studied soils were 11.56, 23.92, 37.27, 6.11, 2.01, and 17.46 mg/kg, respectively. Certain indices, including the enrichment factor (EF), contamination fa

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Panggabean, Surya Sumando Putra, Zuli Rodhiyah, Freddy Ilfan, and Mahya Ihsan. "Indeks Beban Pencemar Sebagai Penentu Tingkat Pencemaran Pada Lahan Bekas Pertambangan Emas Tanpa Izin." INSOLOGI: Jurnal Sains dan Teknologi 1, no. 5 (2022): 565–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.55123/insologi.v1i5.942.

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Sarolangun Regency is a district that has the potential for gold metal mineral natural resources. This potential causes many illegal gold mining activities (PETI) in the area. It is also suspected that PETI activities can cause environmental damage and pollution in the activity area and downstream from the PETI location. Environmental pollution that occurs is caused by the disposal of gold processing waste (tailings) into water bodies and groundwater. Waste generated from gold mining activities mainly contains mercury (Hg) and lead (Pb). The purpose of this study was to analyze the level of he

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Ma, Long, Jilili Abuduwaili, and Wen Liu. "Spatial Distribution and Ecological Risks of the Potentially-Toxic Elements in the Surface Sediments of Lake Bosten, China." Toxics 8, no. 3 (2020): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics8030077.

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Aiming at the pollution and ecological hazards of the lake sediments of Bosten Lake, once China’s largest inland lake, the spatial distribution and influencing factors of the potentially-toxic elements in its surface sediments were studied with the methods of spatial autocorrelation, two-way cluster analysis, and redundancy analysis. Finally, based on the background value of potentially-toxic elements extracted from a sediment core, a comprehensive evaluation of the risk of these potentially-toxic elements was conducted with the potential-ecological-risk index and the pollution-load index. Wit

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El-Safa, Magda M. Abou, Salah Elsayed, Osama Elsherbiny, et al. "Environmental Assessment of Potentially Toxic Elements Using Pollution Indices and Data-Driven Modeling in Surface Sediment of the Littoral Shelf of the Mediterranean Sea Coast and Gamasa Estuary, Egypt." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 6 (2022): 816. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10060816.

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Coastal environmental assessment techniques have evolved into one of the most important fields for the long-term development and management of coastal zones. So, the overall aim of the present investigation was to provide effective approaches for making informed decisions about the Gamasa coast sediment quality. Over a two-year investigation, sediment samples were meticulously collected from the Gamasa estuary and littoral shelf. The inductively coupled plasma mass spectra (ICP-MS) was used to the total concentrations of Al, Fe, Ti, Mg, Mn, Cu, P, V, Ba, Cr, Sr, Co, Ni, Zn, Pb, Zr, and Ce. Sin

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Othman, B. A., and E. S. Kakey. "PESTICIDES BIOACCUMULATION AND THEIR SOIL POLLUTANT EFFECT." IRAQI JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES 52, no. 1 (2021): 36–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v52i1.1234.

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This study was aimed to investigate pesticides bioaccumulation and their soil pollutant effect. The experiment was included sixteen active greenhouses in Erbil plane, and conducted during September 2017 and March 2018. The present study revealed that the pesticides residue of pyridabine, thiamethoxam, abamectin and spirodiclofen were detected in greenhouse soil samples. The values of soil heavy metals contaminations factor (CF) revealed, that the studied greenhouse soil samples were ranged from low to very high contamination, while for pesticides were ranged from non to high contaminated. Soil

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Saleh, Ali H., Mohamed Gad, Moataz M. Khalifa, et al. "Environmental Pollution Indices and Multivariate Modeling Approaches for Assessing the Potentially Harmful Elements in Bottom Sediments of Qaroun Lake, Egypt." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9, no. 12 (2021): 1443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse9121443.

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This research intends to offer a scientific foundation for environmental monitoring and early warning which will aid in the environmental protection management of Qaroun Lake. Qaroun Lake is increasingly influenced by untreated wastewater discharge from many anthropogenic activities, making it vulnerable to pollution. For that, six environmental pollution indices, namely contamination factor (Cf), enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo), degree of contamination (Dc), pollution load index (PLI), and potential ecological risk index (RI), were utilized to assess the bottom sediment

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Nazzal, Yousef, Alina Bărbulescu, Fares Howari, et al. "Assessment of Metals Concentrations in Soils of Abu Dhabi Emirate Using Pollution Indices and Multivariate Statistics." Toxics 9, no. 5 (2021): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9050095.

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The aim of this study was twofold. Firstly, we performed a land capability class determination of the agricultural soils from the Abu Dhabi Emirate, the United Arab Emirates, based on the concentrations of 17 chemical elements determined in the soil samples collected from 84 locations. Secondly, we assess the soil pollution with different metals, using several pollution indices. The results of Principal Component Analysis (PCA) shows that four principal components (PCs) are responsible for describing the total metals concentrations’ variance, the highest contribution on PC1 being that of Mn, a

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Faiz, Y., N. Siddique, and M. Tufail. "POLLUTION LEVEL ASSESSMENT OF ROAD DUST FROM ISLAMABAD EXPRESSWAY." Nucleus 50, no. 3 (2013): 241–51. https://doi.org/10.71330/thenucleus.2013.751.

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Thirteen road dust and four soil samples were analyzed using Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) and Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy (FAAS) to determine the elemental composition of road dust collected from Islamabad Expressway. Pollution parameters and indicators such as Enrichment Factors (EFs), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Pollution Index (PI) and Integrated Pollution Index (IPI) were calculated and showed that the area around Islamabad Expressway is low to moderately polluted especially by elements such as Mg and Sb. The IPI of the elements was

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Isa Osu, Usman, Agbaji Edith Bolanle, and Omenesa Hadiza. "Heavy metals assessment of soils in and around Kama-Otto and Kwotto artisanal mining of mica, cassiterite and tantalite in Nasarawa state, Nigeria." International Journal of Advanced Chemistry 6, no. 2 (2018): 135. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijac.v6i2.10630.

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This study assesses the level of heavy metal in Soils within the vicinity of artisanal mining of Mica, Cassiterite and Tantalite in Nasarawa State, Nigeria. Soil samples of Kama-otto and Kwotto artisanal mining were collected and analyzed using mass-plasma Atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES). Samples were also collected in Angwan-Mada, a non-artisanal mining environment, for comparison. Pollution assessment of soil samples using the following geochemical parameters such as contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), and Enrichment factor (EF), Nemerow index method (IIN) and Geo-ac

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Uwem, Useh Mercy. "Heavy Metals Pollution of Soil Around Solid Waste Dumpsites in Abuja Metropolis." Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research 16, no. 2 (2025): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajacr/2025/v16i2323.

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There has been an increase in solid waste generation due to urbanization and improper dumping of wastes in developing countries like Nigeria causing severe adverse effect and impact on human health and the environment. This study was conducted to determine the level and associated risk of heavy metals (Cr, Mn, Pb, Cu, Fe, Cd, Zn) pollution of soils around solid waste dumpsites in Abuja Metropolis using standard methods. Soil samples were collected from ten municipal solid waste dumpsites within Abuja metropolis and a control sample was also collected and studied. From the results, the mean con

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Ahmad Zubir, A. A., F. N. Mohd Saad, and F. A. Dahalan. "The Study of Heavy Metals on Sediment Quality of Kuala Perlis Coastal Area." E3S Web of Conferences 34 (2018): 02018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20183402018.

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The contamination of heavy metals gives bad implications to the aquatic environment. Thus, a study was conducted to assess the sediment quality by using different contamination indices such as Enrichment Factor (EF), Geo-accumulation Index (Igeo), and Pollution Load Index (PLI). Each sediment sample was collected at the surface (0-15cm) at 5 locations based on the land use activity; jetty port (A), seaside restaurant (B), roadside area (C), power plant (D) and residential area (E). All samples were undergoes acid digestion and analyzed with AAS. Four elements identified from the sediment sampl

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Trifonova, T. A., I. N. Kurochkin, and Yu N. Kurbatov. "Heavy metals in soils of various functional zones of urbanized territories: assessment of the content and environmental risk." Theoretical and Applied Ecology, no. 2 (June 26, 2023): 38–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.25750/1995-4301-2023-2-038-046.

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In order to analyze heavy metal pollution of urbanized soils of the city of Vladimir, the selection and study of soil samples was carried out. Soil samples were analyzed for lead, zinc, copper, nickel, manganese, cobalt and chromium. The obtained indicators were compared with the maximum permissible concentrations and background values. The regularities between the proximity of the studied sites to industrial enterprises and the concentration of heavy metals in the soil are established. The coefficients of accumulation of heavy metals in soils have been calculated and metals that are priority

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Zhang, Qi, E. Chongyi, Baji Xian, Qiang Peng, Zhaokang Zhang, and Shuaiqi Zhang. "Distribution of magnetic susceptibility of surface dust in Xining City and its indicative significance to heavy metal pollution." E3S Web of Conferences 536 (2024): 03025. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202453603025.

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The establishment of heavy metal pollution grade standards based on the magnetic susceptibility of surface dust can provide a simpler magnetic method for the evaluation of heavy metal pollution of surface dust. A total of 251 urban soil surface samples were collected in Xining City, and As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Pb were determined V and Zn contents, as well as low-frequency magnetic susceptibility (χLF) and high-frequency magnetic susceptibility (χHF). The common Kriging interpolation method was used to explore the spatial distribution of χLF, and the pollution load index (PLI) was used to evalu

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He, Liwei, Guangye Chen, Xinze Wang, et al. "Pollution Characteristics and Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Sediments of the Inflow Rivers of Dianchi Lake, China." Toxics 12, no. 5 (2024): 322. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics12050322.

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To explore the contamination status and identify the source of the heavy metals in the sediments in the major inflow rivers of Dianchi Lake in China, sediment samples were collected and analyzed. Specifically, the distribution, source, water quality, and health risk assessment of the heavy metals were analyzed using correlation analysis (CA), principal component analysis (PCA), the heavy metal contamination factor (Cf), the pollution load index (PLI), and the potential ecological risk index (PERI). Additionally, the chemical fractions were analyzed for mobility characteristics. The results ind

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Zhang, Jie, Lei Hong, Ke Wu, et al. "Research Progress of Microplastic Pollution Status and Risk Assessment of Typical Rivers in China." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2706, no. 1 (2024): 012087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2706/1/012087.

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Abstract Microplastics (MPs) have received a lot of attention since they were recognized as an emerging pollutant. Rivers transport 80 % of the land’s MPs to the oceans. With so many rivers in China, the problem of MPs pollution cannot be ignored. This paper collects data related to MPs in typical rivers in China, summarizes the sources of river MPs, and analyses the status of river MPs pollution and risk evaluation. The results show that riverine MPs mainly originate from sewage treatment plants, surface runoff, atmospheric deposition and plastic breakage. MPs abundance is closely related to

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Khosheghbal, Maryam Zare, and Marjan Esmaeilzadeh. "Evaluating of heavy metal pollution in Amir-Kalayeh wetland using geochemical and statistical analyses." Water Science and Technology 78, no. 6 (2018): 1276–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2018.396.

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Abstract Metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems has created concern due to its toxicity, environmental stability and ability to transfer into the food chain, and monitoring the metal source is one way to decrease the environmental impact. The present study aimed to investigate metal concentrations of Al, Fe, Mg, P, As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pb, V and Zn, their spatial distribution, origin of the contaminants, contamination factor (CF), pollution load index (PLI), enrichment factor (EF), and geoaccumulation index (Igeo) in surface sediments of the Amir-Kalayeh wetland. Using statistical me

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Gololobova, Anna, and Yana Legostaeva. "An Assessment of the Impact of the Mining Industry on Soil and Plant Contamination by Potentially Toxic Elements in Boreal Forests." Forests 14, no. 8 (2023): 1641. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f14081641.

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This study was conducted in the territory of the industrial site of the Udachny Mining and Processing Division (Yakutia, northeast Russia). The objects of study were permafrost soils and two species of shrubs (Betula middendorffii T. and Duschekia fruticose R.). Soil and plant samples were analyzed using atomic absorption spectrometry for the presence of PTEs (Pb, Ni, Mn, Cd, Co, Cr, Zn, Cu, and As). The bioaccumulation factor (BAF), frequency of occurrence (Hi), pollution index (PI), and pollution load index (PLI) were calculated. The PI and PLI are calculated for both soil and two plant spec

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Osisanya, O. W., I. F. Agho, A. S. Saleh, and E. Thompson. "Hydrogeochemical Characterization and Quality Assessment of Groundwater Based on Water Quality Index in Imo state, South Eastern Nigeria." Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 26, no. 12 (2022): 1989–2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v26i12.13.

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Water Quality Index (WQI), Principal Component Analysis (PCA), Correlation matrix, Metal Pollution Index (MPI), Contamination Factor (CF), Pollution Load Index (PLI), Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), Health Risk Assessment, and Hydrogeochemical facies were used to analyze statistical indexes and hydrogeochemical facies in groundwater resources in Imo state, Nigeria. All across the study area, twenty (20) groundwater samples were collected in a systematic manner. The samples were examined in accordance with the American Public Health Association standard (APHA) method. Findings from the study reve

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Khan, Zafar Iqbal, Ifra Saleem Malik, Jing Ma, et al. "Assessment of Cadmium in Maize and Millet of Different District using Canal and Wastewater Irrigation." Revista de Chimie 71, no. 7 (2020): 406–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.20.7.8258.

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The article is focused on concentration of cadmium in maize and millet collected in 2018-2019 from different district (Sargodha, Faisalabad, Sheikhupura, Lahore and Kasur) of Punjab under different irrigation sources Canal and wastewater. The values of Bioconcentration factor, Translocation factor, Pollution load index, Daily intake of metal, Health Risk Index and Enrichment factor were studied to evaluate the effect of heavy metal accumulation on grains quality and human health. Most of the metals observed in wastewater were present in high amount. Cd concentration increased considerably unde

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Panda, Unmesh Chandra, Prasanta Rath, Kali Charan Sahu, Sabyasachi Majumdar, and Sanjay K. Sundaray. "Environmental Quantification of Heavy Metals in the Subarnarekha, Estuary and Near-shore Environment, East Coast of India." Asian Journal of Water, Environment and Pollution 3, no. 2 (2006): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/ajw-2006-3_2_14.

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Concentration of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg, Cu, Ni, Co, Cr, Mn and Fe) in the sediments was measured from the river, estuarine and coastal environment off Subarnarekha River, Bay of Bengal. The degree of contamination of the sediments was evaluated through enrichment factor (EF), geo-accumulation index (Igeo) and pollution load index (PLI). The high ER's and Igeo values for Cu and Cr were due to the chromite and copper mines, and Cu ore processing plants situated on the upstream catchments of the river. PLI for Subarnarekha estuary and coastal environments were calculated with respect to world

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