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Journal articles on the topic 'Polynesian Americans'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Allen, G. E. Kawika, Bryan S. K. Kim, Timothy B. Smith, and Ofa Hafoka. "Counseling Attitudes and Stigma Among Polynesian Americans." Counseling Psychologist 44, no. 1 (2015): 6–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000015618762.

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2

Allen, G. E. Kawika, and Timothy B. Smith. "Collectivistic coping strategies for distress among Polynesian Americans." Psychological Services 12, no. 3 (2015): 322–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ser0000039.

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3

Rull, Valentí. "Human Discovery and Settlement of the Remote Easter Island (SE Pacific)." Quaternary 2, no. 2 (2019): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/quat2020015.

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The discovery and settlement of the tiny and remote Easter Island (Rapa Nui) has been a classical controversy for decades. Present-day aboriginal people and their culture are undoubtedly of Polynesian origin, but it has been debated whether Native Americans discovered the island before the Polynesian settlement. Until recently, the paradigm was that Easter Island was discovered and settled just once by Polynesians in their millennial-scale eastward migration across the Pacific. However, the evidence for cultivation and consumption of an American plant—the sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas)—on the

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4

Sun, Hanxiao, Meng Lin, Emily M. Russell, et al. "The impact of global and local Polynesian genetic ancestry on complex traits in Native Hawaiians." PLOS Genetics 17, no. 2 (2021): e1009273. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.1009273.

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Epidemiological studies of obesity, Type-2 diabetes (T2D), cardiovascular diseases and several common cancers have revealed an increased risk in Native Hawaiians compared to European- or Asian-Americans living in the Hawaiian islands. However, there remains a gap in our understanding of the genetic factors that affect the health of Native Hawaiians. To fill this gap, we studied the genetic risk factors at both the chromosomal and sub-chromosomal scales using genome-wide SNP array data on ~4,000 Native Hawaiians from the Multiethnic Cohort. We estimated the genomic proportion of Native Hawaiian

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5

Jones, Terry L., and Kathryn A. Klar. "Diffusionism Reconsidered: Linguistic and Archaeological Evidence for Prehistoric Polynesian Contact with Southern California." American Antiquity 70, no. 3 (2005): 457–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40035309.

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While the prevailing theoretical orthodoxy of North American archaeology overwhelmingly discourages consideration of transoceanic cultural diffusion, linguistic and archaeological evidence appear to indicate at least one instance of direct cultural contact between Polynesia and southern California during the prehistoric era. Three words used to refer to boats - including the distinctive sewn-plank canoe used by Chumashan and Gabrielino speakers of the southern California coast - are odd by the phonotactic and morphological standards of their languages and appear to correlate with Proto-Central

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Barber, Ian G., and Thomas F. G. Higham. "Archaeological science meets Māori knowledge to model pre-Columbian sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas) dispersal to Polynesia’s southernmost habitable margins." PLOS ONE 16, no. 4 (2021): e0247643. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0247643.

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Most scholars of the subject consider that a pre-Columbian transpacific transfer accounts for the historical role of American sweet potato Ipomoea batatas as the kūmara staple of Indigenous New Zealand/Aotearoa Māori in cooler southwestern Polynesia. Archaeologists have recorded evidence of ancient Polynesian I. batatas cultivation from warmer parts of generally temperate-climate Aotearoa, while assuming that the archipelago’s traditional Murihiku region in southern South Island/Te Waipounamu was too cold to grow and store live Polynesian crops, including relatively hardy kūmara. However, arch

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7

Anderson, Atholl. "Polynesian Seafaring and American Horizons: A Response to Jones and Klar." American Antiquity 71, no. 4 (2006): 759–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40035888.

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The hypothesis presented by Jones and Klar (2005) that elements of prehistoric Chumash technology and language arrived from East Polynesia is considered. Trans-oceanic diffusion in general should not be rejected out of hand, but in this case it is improbable that it involved East Polynesia. There are substantial differences in the sewn-plank canoes at issue and the compound hooks are of a general form that is not confined to Polynesia. The chronology of East Polynesian colonization is probably too late for diffusion to southern California before A.D. 700. East Polynesian seafaring may have bee

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8

Gibson, Bentley, Erin Robbins, and Philippe Rochat. "White Bias in 3–7-Year-Old Children across Cultures." Journal of Cognition and Culture 15, no. 3-4 (2015): 344–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685373-12342155.

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In three studies we report data confirming and extending the finding of a tendency toward a White preference bias by young children of various ethnic backgrounds. European American preschoolers who identify with a White doll also prefer it to a Black doll. In contrast, same age African American children who identify with a Black doll do not show a significant preference for it over a White doll. These results are comparable in African American children attending either a racially mixed (heterogeneous), or an Afro-centric, all African American (homogenous) preschool. These results show the pers

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9

Thorsby, Erik. "The Polynesian gene pool: an early contribution by Amerindians to Easter Island." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 367, no. 1590 (2012): 812–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2011.0319.

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It is now generally accepted that Polynesia was first settled by peoples from southeast Asia. An alternative that eastern parts of Polynesia were first inhabited by Amerindians has found little support. There are, however, many indications of a ‘prehistoric’ (i.e. before Polynesia was discovered by Europeans) contact between Polynesia and the Americas, but genetic evidence of a prehistoric Amerindian contribution to the Polynesian gene pool has been lacking. We recently carried out genomic HLA (human leucocyte antigen) typing as well as typing for mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and Y chromosome mar

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10

Magelssen, Scott. "White-Skinned Gods: Thor Heyerdahl, the Kon-Tiki Museum, and the Racial Theory of Polynesian Origins." TDR/The Drama Review 60, no. 1 (2016): 25–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/dram_a_00522.

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Thor Heyerdahl’s 1947 performative experiment, to sail a raft from Peru to Polynesia, was lauded as a feat of ingenuity and endurance. Largely undertreated is the racially motivated theory undergirding Heyerdahl’s Kon-Tiki project—that the first settlers in Polynesia were a race of bearded, white-skinned supermen who remained deities in both South American and Polynesian mythology. Contemporary commemorations, however, emphasize feel-good stories of human achievement over Heyerdahl’s racist performance.

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11

Armstrong, Robin. "Time to Face the Music: Musical Colonization and Appropriation in Disney’s Moana." Social Sciences 7, no. 7 (2018): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci7070113.

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Despite Disney’s presentation of Moana as a culturally accurate portrayal of Polynesian culture, the film suffers from Western ethnocentrism, specifically in its music. This assertion is at odds with marketing of Moana that emphasized respect for and consultation with Polynesians whose expertise was heralded to validate the film’s music as culturally authentic. While the composers do, in fact, use Polynesian musical traits, they frame the sounds that are unfamiliar within those that are familiar by wrapping them with Western musical characteristics. When the audience does hear Polynesian music

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12

Kirch, P. V., T. L. Hunt, and Jason Tyler. "A Radiocarbon Sequence from the Toaga Site, Ofu Island, American Samoa." Radiocarbon 31, no. 1 (1989): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200044568.

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The Samoan Archipelago occupies a critical position for understanding the dispersal of early Austronesian-speaking peoples into the southwestern Pacific, including the initial colonization by humans of the Polynesian triangle. To date, the most easterly reported site of the Lapita cultural complex (Green, 1979; Kirch, 1984; Kirch & Hunt, 1988) is the Mulifanua site on Upolu Island, Western Samoa (Green & Davidson, 1974). Lapita colonists settled the larger, western Samoan Islands by the end of the second millennium bc. Archaeologic and linguistic evidence also suggest that the islands

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13

SMITH, TOM. "ISLANDERS, PROTESTANT MISSIONARIES, AND TRADITIONS REGARDING THE PAST IN NINETEENTH-CENTURY POLYNESIA." Historical Journal 60, no. 1 (2016): 71–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0018246x16000157.

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ABSTRACTIn this article, I consider Polynesian genealogies, which took the form of epic poems composed and recited by specialist genealogists, and were handed down orally through generations of Polynesians. Some were written down in the nineteenth century, reaching an English-speaking audience through a number of works largely neglected by historians. In recent years, some anthropologists have downplayed the possibility of learning anything significant about Polynesian thought through English-language sources, but I show that there is still fresh historical insight to be gained in demonstratin

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14

Hurles, Matthew E., Emma Maund, Jane Nicholson, et al. "Native American Y Chromosomes in Polynesia: The Genetic Impact of the Polynesian Slave Trade." American Journal of Human Genetics 72, no. 5 (2003): 1282–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/374827.

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15

Weiss, Elizabeth. "Kennewick Man's Funeral: the Burying of Scientific Evidence." Politics and the Life Sciences 20, no. 1 (2001): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400005141.

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Kennewick Man, an early Holocene (9,000 years old) skeleton found in Washington State in 1996, has been a lightening rod for political discussion. Due to his alleged Caucasoid features, Kennewick Man controversially called into question who first peopled the Americas. A projectile point lodged in his hip also catapulted him to celebrity status. Spared the quick (within ninety days after an inquiry) repatriation typically required under the 1990 federal Native American Graves Protection and Repatriation Act (NAGPRA), Kennewick Man was fully examined by a team of scientists chosen by the governm

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16

Wade, Lizzie. "Polynesians, Native Americans met and mingled long ago." Science 369, no. 6500 (2020): 128. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.369.6500.128.

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17

Hunt, T. L., and P. V. Kirch. "Radiocarbon Dates from two Coastal Sites in the Manu'a Group, American Samoa." Radiocarbon 29, no. 3 (1987): 417–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033822200043800.

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Samples of inshore marine shell species (various taxa, see description below) were collected from controlled excavation of ceramic-bearing strata of two archaeologic sites in the Manu'a Island group, American Samoa. Located on the closely adjacent islands of Ta'u and Ofu (14° 14’ 30” S, 169° 30’ 40” E and 14° 10’ 55” S, 169° 39’ 0” E, respectively), these sites represent human occupation along shorelines undergoing a parallel depositional sequence of calcareous sand dune development and concomitant seaward progradation. Our primary objective was to obtain an initial age estimate for prehistori

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18

Wallin, Paul. "Native South Americans were early inhabitants of Polynesia." Nature 583, no. 7817 (2020): 524–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-01983-5.

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19

Tengan, Ty P. Kāwika, and Jesse Makani Markham. "Performing Polynesian Masculinities in American Football: From ‘Rainbows to Warriors’." International Journal of the History of Sport 26, no. 16 (2009): 2412–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09523360903466768.

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20

Allen, G. E. Kawika, Jon Cox, Timothy B. Smith, Ofa Hafoka, Derek Griner, and Mark Beecher. "Psychotherapy Utilization and Presenting Concerns Among Polynesian American College Students." Counseling Psychologist 44, no. 1 (2016): 28–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011000015617534.

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21

Kirch, Patrick V., Terry L. Hunt, Lisa Nagaoka, and Jason Tyler. "An Ancestral Polynesian occupation site at To'aga, Ofu Island, American Samoa." Archaeology in Oceania 25, no. 1 (1990): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/j.1834-4453.1990.tb00225.x.

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22

Langdon, Robert. "The banana as a key to early American and Polynesian history∗." Journal of Pacific History 28, no. 1 (1993): 15–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223349308572723.

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23

Herrera, Michael B., Spiridoula Kraitsek, Jose A. Alcalde, et al. "European and Asian contribution to the genetic diversity of mainland South American chickens." Royal Society Open Science 7, no. 2 (2020): 191558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.191558.

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Chickens ( Gallus gallus domesticus ) from the Americas have long been recognized as descendants of European chickens, transported by early Europeans since the fifteenth century. However, in recent years, a possible pre-Columbian introduction of chickens to South America by Polynesian seafarers has also been suggested. Here, we characterize the mitochondrial control region genetic diversity of modern chicken populations from South America and compare this to a worldwide dataset in order to investigate the potential maternal genetic origin of modern-day chicken populations in South America. The

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24

Young, Forrest Wade. "Articulating Rapa Nui: Polynesian cultural politics in a Latin American nation-state." Journal of Pacific History 51, no. 4 (2016): 473–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00223344.2016.1235492.

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25

Davis, James, Mark Jackson, and Richard Jackson. "Heritage tourism and group identity: Polynesians in the American West." Journal of Heritage Tourism 4, no. 1 (2009): 3–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17438730802139228.

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26

Phelippeau, Michael, Djaltou Aboubaker Osman, Didier Musso, and Michel Drancourt. "Epidemiology of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in French Polynesia." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 53, no. 12 (2015): 3798–804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.01560-15.

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As few data are available in the Pacific countries and territories of the Oceania region regarding nontuberculous mycobacteria, we retrospectively identified 87 such isolates from French Polynesia from 2008 to 2013 by hybridization using DNA-strip, matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) and partialrpoBgene sequencing. PartialrpoBgene sequencing classified 42/87 (48.3%) isolates in theMycobacterium fortuitumcomplex, 28 (32.2%) in theMycobacterium abscessuscomplex, 8 (9.2%) in theMycobacterium mucogenicumcomplex, and 5 (5.7%) in theMycobacteri

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Ioannidis, Alexander G., Javier Blanco-Portillo, Karla Sandoval, et al. "Native American gene flow into Polynesia predating Easter Island settlement." Nature 583, no. 7817 (2020): 572–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2487-2.

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ANKER, ARTHUR. "The mud-shrimp genus Axianassa Schmitt, 1924 (Crustacea, Decapoda, Axianassidae) in the Indo-West Pacific, with description of a new species from French Polynesia." Zootaxa 2557, no. 1 (2010): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.2557.1.5.

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A new species of the mud-shrimp genus Axianassa Schmitt, 1924 is described based on four specimens collected in a muddy near-shore area inside the Moorea lagoon, Society Islands, French Polynesia. Axianassa ngochoae n. sp. constitutes the first Indo-West Pacific record of this genus, previously known only from the western and eastern coasts of the Americas. A key to all species of Axianassa is provided.

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29

Bower, Bruce. "Chicken of the sea: Poultry may have reached Americas via Polynesia." Science News 171, no. 23 (2009): 356. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/scin.2007.5591712305.

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30

Quintus, Seth, and Jeffrey T. Clark. "Space and structure in Polynesia: instantiated spatial logic in American Sāmoa." World Archaeology 48, no. 3 (2016): 395–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00438243.2016.1195576.

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31

Ohkura, Sadayuki, Masahiro Yamashita, Luis Cartier, et al. "Identification and phylogenetic characterization of a humanT-cell leukaemia virus type I isolate from a native inhabitant (Rapa Nui) of Easter Island." Journal of General Virology 80, no. 8 (1999): 1995–2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-80-8-1995.

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Human T-cell leukaemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is endemic in Melanesia, one of the three ethnogeographic regions of the Pacific; in the other two regions, Polynesia and Micronesia, the incidence of the virus is relatively low. In an effort to gain new insights into the prevalence of HTLV-I in the Pacific region, we did a seroepidemiological survey on Easter Island, which is located on the eastern edge of Polynesia. Of 138 subjects surveyed, including 108 Rapa Nui (the native inhabitants of this island), we identified one HTLV-I-seropositive Rapa Nui. The new HTLV-I isolate derived from this carr

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Aldrich, Robert. "The Decolonisation of the Pacific Islands." Itinerario 24, no. 3-4 (2000): 173–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115300014558.

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At the end of the Second World War, the islands of Polynesia, Melanesia and Micronesia were all under foreign control. The Netherlands retained West New Guinea even while control of the rest of the Dutch East Indies slipped away, while on the other side of the South Pacific, Chile held Easter Island. Pitcairn, the Gilbert and Ellice Islands, Fiji and the Solomon Islands comprised Britain's Oceanic empire, in addition to informal overlordship of Tonga. France claimed New Caledonia, the French Establishments in Oceania (soon renamed French Polynesia) and Wallis and Futuna. The New Hebrides remai

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Anderson, Atholl, P. V. Kirch, and T. L. Hunt. "The To'aga Site: three millennia of Polynesian occupation in the Manu'a islands, American Samoa." Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute 1, no. 4 (1995): 838. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3034969.

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34

Clark, Jeffrey T., and Michael G. Michlovic. "An Early Settlement in the Polynesian Homeland: Excavations at'Aoa Valley, Tutuila Island, American Samoa." Journal of Field Archaeology 23, no. 2 (1996): 151–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/009346996791973927.

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35

Griffin, Joshua. "INDONESIAN AND PACIFIC ISLAND PALAEOECOLOGY GAUGING THE IMPACT OF PREHISTORIC SETTLEMENT." Berkala Arkeologi 31, no. 1 (2011): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.30883/jba.v31i1.414.

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Anthropogenic optimal foraging models have provided a theoretical foundation for evaluating fluctuations in human resource use, thereby providing archaeology with a platform to present various theories on prehistoric island resource exploitation and habitat alteration. This paper cross-examines three major elements of remains found in island assemblages: those being avifauna, marine fauna, and palaeobotanical remains (from Henderson Island, American Samoa and Hawaii, and eastern Indonesia respectively). In doing so, the sequence of prehistoric resource depression or extinction should be readil

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Clark, Jeffrey T., and Michael G. Michlovic. "An Early Settlement in the Polynesian Homeland: Excavations at 'Aoa Valley, Tutuila Island, American Samoa." Journal of Field Archaeology 23, no. 2 (1996): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/530501.

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Young, Forrest Wade. "Articulating Rapa Nui: Polynesian Cultural Politics in a Latin American Nation-State by Riet Delsing." Contemporary Pacific 29, no. 2 (2017): 376–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cp.2017.0038.

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Muñoz, Diego. "Articulating Rapa Nui. Polynesian Cultural Politics in a Latin American Nation-State by Riet Delsing." Rapa Nui Journal 29, no. 2 (2015): 57–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/rnj.2015.0017.

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Rawlinson, William. "Pregnancy, the placenta and Zika virus (ZIKV) infection." Microbiology Australia 37, no. 4 (2016): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ma16057.

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Zika virus (ZIKV) infections have been recognised in Africa and Asia since 1940. The virus is in the family Flaviviridae and genus Flavivirus, along with Dengue, Japanese encephalitis virus, Tick borne encephalitis, West Nile virus, and Yellow fever virus. These viruses share biological characteristics of an envelope, icosahedral nucleocapsid, and a non-segmented, positive sense, single-strand RNA genome of ~10kb encoding three structural proteins (capsid C pre-membrane/membrane PrM/M, envelope E), and seven non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2A, NS2B, NS3, NS4A, NS4B and NS5). ZIKV has three kno

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Albert, Donald Patrick. "Teehuteatuaonoa aka ‘Jenny’, the most traveled woman on the Bounty: Chronicling female agency and island movements with Google Earth." Island Studies Journal 16, no. 1 (2021): 190–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.24043/isj.153.

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Teehuteatuaonoa (or ‘Jenny’ by her English nickname) was one of 12 Polynesian women reaching Pitcairn Island with the HMS Bounty mutineers in 1790. She was the most traveled of these women and the first to return to Tahiti after 29 years away. Her journey is chronicled with Google Earth using a screenshot and caption for each waypoint. The journey included 15 links totaling 24,090 km or 60% of the Earth’s circumference. Her longest link was 7,400 km aboard the Sultan, an American ship from Boston, which brought her from Coquimbo, Chile, to The Marquesas. Jenny’s life provides an excellent exam

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Hsieh, Ying-Hen. "Temporal patterns and geographic heterogeneity of Zika virus (ZIKV) outbreaks in French Polynesia and Central America." PeerJ 5 (March 21, 2017): e3015. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.3015.

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Background Zika virus (ZIKV) transmission has been reported in 67 countries/territories in the Oceania region and the Americas since 2015, prompting the World Health Organization (WHO) to declare ZIKV as a Public Health Emergency of International Concern in February 2016, due to its strong association with medical complications such as microcephaly and Guillain–Barré Syndrome (GBS). However, a substantial gap in knowledge still exists regarding differing temporal pattern and potential of transmission of ZIKV in different regions of the world. Methods We use a phenomenological model to ascertai

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Kilarski, Marcin, and Katarzyna Dziubalska-Kołaczyk. "On extremes in linguistic complexity." Historiographia Linguistica 39, no. 2-3 (2012): 279–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.39.2-3.05kil.

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Summary This article examines common motifs in the accounts of the sound systems of Iroquoian, Polynesian and Khoesan languages as the most well-known cases of extremes in phonetic complexity. On the basis of examples from European and American scholarship between the 17th and early 20th century, we investigate continuities in the description of their seemingly ‘exotic’ inventories and phonotactic structures when viewed from the perspective of European languages. We also demonstrate the influence of phonetic accounts on the interpretation of other components of language and their role in the c

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Freeman, Derek. "Margaret Mead's Coming of Age in Samoa and Boasian Culturalism." Politics and the Life Sciences 19, no. 1 (2000): 101–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0730938400008947.

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The history of Margaret Mead's Samoan research is an important anthropological issue. In 1925, Franz Boas, “the father of American anthropology,” faced by what he called “the difficulty of telling what part of our behavior is socially determined and what is generally human,” arranged for his 23-year-old-student, Margaret Mead, to go to Samoa in Western Polynesia. Her task was to obtain, under his direction, an answer to “the problem of which phenomena of adolescence are culturally and which physiologically determined.” In 1928, in Coming of Age in Samoa, after a woefully inadequate period of f

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Gwalani, Harsha, Faris Hawamdeh, Armin Mikler, and Katherine Xiong. "Modeling the 2013 Zika Outbreak in French Polynesia: Intervention Strategies." Applied System Innovation 1, no. 3 (2018): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/asi1030031.

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The ongoing Zika virus (ZIKV) in the Americas has been a serious public health emergency since 2015. Since Zika is a vector-borne disease, the size of the vector population in the affected area plays a key role in controlling the scale of the outbreak. The primary vectors for Zika, the Aedes Agypti and Aedes Albopictus species of mosquitoes, are highly sensitive to climatic conditions for survival and reproduction. Additionally, increased international travel over the years has caused the disease outbreak to turn into a pandemic affecting five continents. The mosquito population and the human

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Sheffield, Marcus L. "Melville's Puritan Imagination." Prospects 25 (October 2000): 69–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0361233300000582.

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To a remarkable degree the literary works of Herman Melville (1819–91) have been read as subversive to traditional American religious aspirations. Some early reviewers, while praising the vivid recreations of the smell of salt air and the taste of hardtack, noted the blasphemy, perversion, and immoral elements they perceived in Melville's narratives of life among the peoples of Polynesia. Especially prominent for reviewers were Melville's literary assaults on Christian missionaries. Later, as his career progressed, he appeared to abandon the vivid for the mystifying and turned to regaling his

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Clark, Jeffrey T., Seth Quintus, Marshall I. Weisler, et al. "Marine Reservoir Correction for American Samoa Using U-series and AMS Dated Corals." Radiocarbon 58, no. 4 (2016): 851–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rdc.2016.53.

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AbstractRadiocarbon dating of marine samples requires a local marine reservoir correction, or ΔR value, for accurate age calibrations. For the Samoan Archipelago in the central Pacific, ΔR values have been proposed previously, but, unlike some Polynesian archipelagoes, ΔR values seem not to vary spatially and temporally. Here, we demonstrate such variability by reporting a ΔR of –101±72 ΔR for the Manu‘a Group—the eastern-most islands in the archipelago—for the colonization period. This value is based on accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) 14C and uranium-thorium (U-Th) series dating of indivi

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Yuan, Ling, Xing-Yao Huang, Zhong-Yu Liu, et al. "A single mutation in the prM protein of Zika virus contributes to fetal microcephaly." Science 358, no. 6365 (2017): 933–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aam7120.

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Zika virus (ZIKV) has evolved into a global health threat because of its unexpected causal link to microcephaly. Phylogenetic analysis reveals that contemporary epidemic strains have accumulated multiple substitutions from their Asian ancestor. Here we show that a single serine-to-asparagine substitution [Ser139→Asn139 (S139N)] in the viral polyprotein substantially increased ZIKV infectivity in both human and mouse neural progenitor cells (NPCs) and led to more severe microcephaly in the mouse fetus, as well as higher mortality rates in neonatal mice. Evolutionary analysis indicates that the

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Pearl, Frederic B., and William A. Sauck. "Geophysical and Geoarchaeological Investigations at Aganoa Beach, American Samoa: An Early Archaeological Site in Western Polynesia." Geoarchaeology 29, no. 6 (2014): 462–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gea.21491.

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De Deckker, Paul. "Decolonisation Processes in the South Pacific Islands: A Comparative Analysis between Metropolitan Powers." Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 26, no. 2 (1996): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v26i2.6172.

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The South Pacific islands came late, by comparison with Asia and Africa, to undertake the decolonising process. France was the first colonial power in the region to start off this process in accordance with the decision taken in Paris to pave the way to independence for African colonies. The Loi-cadre Defferre in 1957, voted in Parliament, was applied to French Polynesia and New Caledonia as it was to French Africa. Territorial governments were elected in both these Pacific colonies in 1957. They were abolished in 1963 after the return to power of General de Gaulle who decided to use Moruroa f

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Lee, Y. H., and S.-C. Bae. "Association between functional NLRP3 polymorphisms and susceptibility to autoimmune and inflammatory diseases: a meta-analysis." Lupus 25, no. 14 (2016): 1558–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961203316644336.

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Objective This study determined whether NLRP3 polymorphisms rs35829419 C/A and rs10754558 C/G were associated with autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. Methods An association between the NLRP3 rs35829419 C/A and rs10754558 C/G polymorphisms and autoimmune and inflammatory diseases was determined by performing a meta-analysis by using (1) allele contrast, (2) recessive, (3) dominant, and (4) co-dominant models. Results Thirty comparative studies involving 8069 patients and 8824 controls were included in the meta-analysis. No association was observed between autoimmune and inflammatory diseases

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