Academic literature on the topic 'Premature detachment of the placenta'

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Journal articles on the topic "Premature detachment of the placenta"

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LAZAREVA, A. YU, I. B. FATKULLINA, E. A. SAGATDINOVA, and T. KH DALAEVA. "Role of insulin resistance in predicting premature placental abruption." Practical medicine 22, no. 6 (2024): 68–73. https://doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2024-6-68-73.

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Premature detachment of a normally located placenta is an extremely severe complication of pregnancy, which is characterized by suddenness and peracute development, and the consequences of this condition can sometimes be irreparable. Placental abruption is one of the major obstetric syndromes, along with preeclampsia and fetal growth retardation, the pathogenesis of which is based on the so-called ischemic placental disease. Placentation disorders are associated with endothelial dysfunction, and insulin resistance is a morphological substrate of this pathology, along with other predictors. It is important to note that impaired glucose tolerance is the scourge of our time, so this topic is especially relevant. The purpose — to evaluate insulin resistance as a predictor of premature detachment of the placenta. Material and methods. 87 women were examined, who were divided into two groups: the main group with a history of placental abruption, and the control group without such history. The respondents were examined for insulin resistance using the HOMA-IR index. Results. Insulin resistance markers were detected in patients with a history of placental abruption. Conclusion. Insulin resistance can be considered as one of the predictors of premature detachment of the placenta.
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Ramya Satya Pavani Devi, Yenugudhati, and Vaddadi Adi Lakshmi. "INCIDENCE, RISK FACTORS AND FETOMATERNAL OUTCOME IN ABRUPTIO PLACENTA." International Journal of Advanced Research 11, no. 02 (2023): 1163–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/16360.

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Abruptio placenta is defined as placental detachment before and during delivery.It remains a major cause of maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality in developing countries.Over 50% of all perinatal deaths attributed to abruptio placenta are accompanied by premature delivery.In addition it accounts for 20-25% of antepartum hemorrhage,increased risk of DIC,maternal shock ,renal failure,PPH,and maternal death.This study aimed to determine the incidence ,risk factors and fetomaternal outcome in abruptio placenta.
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Borodynia, V. I., та O. A. Svyatchenko. "Передчасне відшарування плаценти коней (діагностика, лікування)". Scientific Messenger of LNU of Veterinary Medicine and Biotechnologies 19, № 82 (2017): 16–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/nvlvet8204.

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In case of a premature placenta abruption, diagnostics should be done quickly, because it affects survival and viability of a foal. Premature detachment of the placenta in the mares, which occurs before or during birth, is not a common parable. This pathological condition ranges from 5 to 10% of all cases of abortion, the birth of dead fetuses and perinatal mortality in horses. The general condition of a mare usually is without any abnormalities. Clinical obstetric examination includes vaginal and sonographic study. When conducting a vaginal examination, it is possible to see an open cervix and placenta bulging in a vagina. Sonography of an uterus enables to determine location of the placenta abruption and its volume. Typical symptoms of a premature abruption of a placenta in mares become visible only when foaling. For foaling with placenta previa typical is absence of ejection of amniotic fluid (allantois fluid) at the beginning of the second stage of foaling as chorioallantois remains intact. Fetus, all shells and fluids that are contained in a holistic chorioallantois, come out at once. In afterbirth of mares with premature placental abruption changes in structure of membranes are clearly observed. This pathological condition may significantly influence the unborn foal in the neonatal period. For mares, foaling with a diagnosis of premature placental abruption does not pose any danger. One of the most important factors in treatment is immediate dissection of chorioallantois and evacuating the fetus.
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Zainulina, Marina S. "On the pathogenetic mechanisms of premature detachment of the normally located placenta." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 53, no. 4 (2004): 19–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd88614.

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The aim of this study was to study the systemic and regional mechanisms of endothelial dysfunction and thrombophilia in the pathogenesis of premature detachment of the normally located placenta.
 To fulfill the assigned tasks, 340 women were examined. The main group included 72 women with premature detachment of the normally located placenta. The comparison groups consisted of 81 pregnant women in the III trimester of physiological pregnancy and 187 pregnant women in the III trimester with preeclampsia of varying severity.
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Gorikov, I. N., L. G. Nakhamchen, A. N. Odireev, et al. "Morphological changes in the bloodstream and chorionic villi in partial premature detachment of normally located placenta in women with exacerbation of herpesvirus and cytomegalovirus infection." Bulletin Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, no. 88 (July 4, 2023): 86–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.36604/1998-5029-2023-88-86-95.

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Aim. To assess the morphological changes in the bloodstream and chorionic villi with partial premature detachment of a normally located placenta in women with exacerbation of herpesvirus (HSV type 1) and cytomegalovirus infection (CMVI). Materials and methods. An X-ray phlebographic and histological examination of 87 placentas was carried out in uncomplicated pregnancy and partial premature detachment of a normally located placenta, developed after reactivation of HSV type 1 and CMVI in patients in the second trimester of gestation. The first group included 32 placentas from women with CMV-seronegative uncomplicated pregnancy, the second group included 21 placentas from patients with exacerbation of HSV type 1, the third – 18 placentas from women with CMVI reactivation, in the fourth – 16 placentas from patients with combined exacerbation of HSV type 1 and CMVI. In all cases, a dosed injection of red lead on drying oil (1:3) was carried out through the umbilical cord vein into the placental blood vessels. In the same areas of the intact placenta and with partial premature detachment of the normally located placenta, the morphological structure of the biopsy specimens was analyzed before and after the introduction of contrast into the bloodstream. When isolating DNA in the tissues of the organ, PCR was used. Results. In the second group, in comparison with the first one, placental hypoplasia was diagnosed in 14.3% (0%), hematomas on its fetal part in 19% (3.1%, p>0.05), hemorrhages in the maternal part in 38% (6.2%, p<0.01), foci of sclerosis in 9.5% (9.3%, p>0.05), tortuosity of the veins of the first order in 14.3% (6.2%, p>0.05), the phenomenon of “amputation” of veins in 19% (9.3%, p>0.05). Cotyledons with weakly contrasted vessels occurred in 4 cases (in the first group 3, p>0.05), and with non-visualized bloodstream – in 3 cases (in the first group 2, p>0.05). A clear-cut structure of veins of the 2nd order was found in 3 cases, and extravasation in the tissues of the organ – in 2 cases. CMV DNA was isolated in 14.3% of biopsies. In the second group, unlike the first one, terminal villi with partial desquamation of syncytiotrophoblast were visualized in 23.8% (9.3%, p>0.05), with necrosis and calcification of syncytial kidneys in 23.8% (6.25%, p>0.05), with clots in the veins in 9.5% (6.25%, p>0.05), with moderate plethora in 76.1% (65.6%, p>0.05) and with pronounced plethora in 28.5% (12.5%, p>0.05). More often, villi with edema, an increase in collagen fibers, fibrinoid and vascular inflammation, as well as avascular terminal villi were found. The third group, unlike the first one, was characterized by an increase in the number of hematomas on the fetal to 27.8% (p<0.05) and on the maternal parts of the placenta up to 55.6% (p<0.001), as well as blind-ended vessels up to 38.9% (p<0.05). In 5.6% of cases, CMV DNA was determined, as well as pronounced sclerotic changes (50%, p<0.05), inflammation of the walls of blood vessels and stroma of the villi. In the fourth group, HSV DNA was identified in 31.3%, and CMV DNA – in 37.5% of cases (p<0.05), in comparison with the third group, partial desquamation of syncytiotrophoblast was a frequent morphological finding (75%, p<0,05), necrosis and calcification of syncytial nodules (87.5%, p<0.05), calcium deposit in clots of the veins of the stem villi of the I and II order (56.2%, p<0.05) and a pronounced plethora of capillaries of the terminal villi (81 .2%, p<0.01) against the background of a decrease in the number of villi with moderate blood filling (18.7%, p<0.01), which contributed to ischemia, premature stimulation of endothelial activity and contraction of the smooth muscle elements of the blood vessels of the placenta and uterus. Conclusion. With partial premature detachment of a normally located placenta caused by reactivation of combined HSV type 1 and CMVI, compared with that initiated by mono-HSV type 1 or mono-CMVI, the frequency of morphological markers of damage to the venous bed increases in cotyledons, as a result of the cyto- and angiodestructive influence of pathogens infections.
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Guseva, Elena M. "BLEEDINGS IN THE HIGH-RISK GROUP OBSTETRIC HOSPITAL." V.F.Snegirev Archives of Obstetrics and Gynecology 5, no. 1 (2018): 37–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/2313-8726-2018-5-1-37-40.

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Massive hemorrhage and hemorrhagic shock as main causes of deaths in pregnancy, occupy up to 25% in the structure of mortality rate in obstetrics. In the past decade, the decline in the share of deaths of mothers has occurred due to postpartum bleedings and bleedings in detachment or placenta previa. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and structure of massive bleedings in a high-risk group obstetric hospital. Methods. A retrospective descriptive cohort study was executed in 2 stages: at the 1st stage - a study of 396 deliveries histories with main nosological forms leading to possible pathological hemorrhage, in the II stage - analysis of 55 cases of massive blood loss. The object of the study was puerperas with placenta previa; puerperas with deliveries complicated by hypotonic bleeding or premature detachment of the placenta; puerperas with the massive blood loss. Duration of the study: from 01.01.2011 to 31.12. 2015. Results. The most frequent nosological form leading to abnormal blood loss is premature placental abruption. The frequency of cases of massive blood loss (more than 1000 ml) is 0.28% of the total number of deliveries and is more common in primigravidae (56.4%), mainly during surgical delivery (88%). Out of all massive bleedings, 45.5% are due to uterine hypotension. Amputation of the uterus was performed in 18.2% of the number of all cases of the massive hemorrhage. Conclusion. The high prevalence rate of the premature detachment of the placenta is explained by the uncontrollability of this pathology, in contrast to hypotonic bleeding in the postpartum period. The organ-preserving management in massive obstetric hemorrhages is not widely used.
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В., С. Ольшевський, and В. Ольшевська О. "OPERATIVE DELIVERY IN WOMEN WITH BENIGN UTERINE TUMORS." REPRODUCTIVE ENDOCRINOLOGY, no. 48 (August 29, 2019): 68–76. https://doi.org/10.18370/2309-4117.2019.48.68-76.

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Objective of the study: to determine the role of operative delivery in the childbirth tactics for women with benign uterine tumors based on the identification of pathogenetically substantiated criteria for operative birth, to prevent obstetric and perinatal complications. Materials and methods. In 110 women with uterine leiomyoma (LM) – 77 (70.0%) with one node (Group 1) and 33 (30.0%) with multiple nodes (Group 2) delivery tactics were defined. For this purpose, the type of LM, the location of the nodes relative to the placenta, complications of pregnancy, childbirth were revealed and analyzed. Study results and discussion. The revealed coincidence of the location for І–ІV types LM nodes and placenta in 33 (42.86%) cases of one node and in 23 (69.70%) of multiple LM caused complications in the gestational period: placental insufficiency – in 44.16% and 45.45%; threat of interruption – in 30.30% and 5.96%; partial detachment of the placenta – in 18.18% and 27.27%; myomectomy – in 7.70% and 15.15%; fetal distress – in 31.17% and 36.36%; the threat of premature birth – in 24.68% and 24.24% of cases with the one node and multiple LM respectively and necessitated the determination of delivery tactics. Caesarean section was done in 42 (38.18%) cases: in 28 (36.36%) women with one node and in 14 (42.42%) with multiple nodes. The tendency to a higher frequency of operative delivery with multiple LM is due to the greater frequency of coincidence of the nodes location and placenta and pregnancy complications. Urgent delivery was made in 28.57% cases with one node of LM and in 14.28% with multiple nodes due to premature detachment of the placenta and bleeding, fetal distress. A smaller percentage of urgent operative delivery is due to an increase frequency of elective caesarean section for LM. Conclusions. The coincidence of II–IV types LM node/nodes and placenta location is considered to be a pathogenetic factor in placental insufficiency, placental abruption in the gestational period and during childbirth, bleeding, fetal distress, and the prognostic criterion for obstetric and perinatal complications. Among pathogenetically substantiated criteria for operative delivery along with other factors consider: coincidence of the location of the placenta and II–IV types LM node or multiple І-ІV types LM nodes; myomectomy. Presence of these criteria determines the planned caesarean section by the method of choice in the childbirth tactics for women with LM.
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Zharkin, N. A., E. M. Lavenyukova, and A. E. Miroshnikov. "Premature detachment of normally situated placenta. Epidemiology, risk factors, prognosis, outcomes." Rossiiskii vestnik akushera-ginekologa 18, no. 3 (2018): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/rosakush201818320-24.

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Dodkhoeva, Munavvara, and Zumrat Salimova. "PREMATURE PLACENTAL ABRUPTION: EPIDEMIOLOGY, RISK FACTORS, AND MEDICAL AND SOCIOECONOMIC ASPECTS." AVICENNA BULLETIN 26, no. 4 (2024): 556–66. https://doi.org/10.25005/2074-0581-2024-26-4-556-566.

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Objective: To study epidemiology, risk factors, and medical and socioeconomic aspects of premature placental abruption (PPA) of a normally located placenta in the settings of a level III maternity care hospital. Methods: An analysis was conducted on 183 antenatal and delivery records of the women admitted to Maternity Hospital № 1 in Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan (RT), between 2019 and 2023. Among the women diagnosed with PPA, there were 19 cases of complete PPA and 164 cases of partial PPA. Results: The study has highlighted a growing trend in the incidence of PPA among pregnant women. However, there has been a notable decrease in severe cases due to improved prenatal care and the implementation of new National Standards on Managing Complications in Pregnancy and Childbirth and on Bleeding, Eclampsia, 2010-2014 and evidence-based strategies as a result of United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA) interventions. Nevertheless, the study revealed a high prevalence of previous complicated pregnancies, as well as past and current comorbidities such as anemia, kidney disease, hyperemesis gravidarum, and hypertensive disorders. Conclusion: To minimize the occurrence of PPA and its effects, it is crucial to actively prevent, promptly diagnose, and effectively treat PPA risk factors. Keywords: Pregnancy, premature detachment of a normally located placenta, bleeding, risk factors, preeclampsia.
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Romanenko, T. G., та O. M. Sulimenko. "Великі акушерські синдроми – сучасні можливості профілактики". HEALTH OF WOMAN, № 6(132) (30 липня 2018): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/hw.2018.132.67.

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The objective: was to reduce the incidence and severity of the development of «Great Obstetrical Syndromes»: miscarriage of pregnancy, placental insufficiency, fetal growth retardation and / or fetal distress, preeclampsia, premature detachment of a normally located placenta, premature delivery, by developing an algorithm for prophylaxis during pregnancy in women at high risk for their development. Materials and methods. Clinical and statistical analysis of pregnancy in 88 pregnant women with high risk of decompensation of placental insufficiency was conducted. Depending on the method of preventing complications, 2 groups were formed. The I group included 58 pregnant women who were offered the following algorithm: micronized progesterone 200 mg PV from 6 to 20 weeks of gestation; from 21 to 26 weeks of gestation and from 31 to 36 weeks; phleboprotector with ultra-micronized fractions of bioflavonoids (Flego) 15 ml per os; with subsequent appointment from 21 to 26 weeks of gestation; and from 31 to 36 weeks. Group II included 30 pregnant women who had abandoned any proposed prophylactic measures. The control group consisted of 30 healthy pregnant women. Clinical and statistical analysis of pregnancy in the study groups was conducted. During statistical processing, personal computer and software Microsoft Excel XP and Statistica 6.0 Windows, methods of descriptive statistics, correlation analysis were used. The reliability of the difference between the indicators is estimated by the Student-Fisher criterion. Results. The method of prophylaxis of «Great Obstetrical Syndromes» by sequential administration from the early stages of pregnancy of micronized progesterone with the following appointment – from the second trimester of pregnancy – showed a high efficacy of the phleboprotector, which is manifested in a significantly lower number of cases of preeclampsia in the main group of 3.5% (2) versus 50% (15) in the control group, placental insufficiency was 13.8% (8) versus 100% (30); fetal growth retardation was 5.2% (3) versus 56.7% (17); fetal distress was 3.5% (2) versus 43 , 3% (13), preterm labor 1.7% (1) versus 13.3% (4) and in the absence of premature detachment normal but located on the placenta, severe forms of preeclampsia and placental insufficiency. Conclusions. Pregnant of «Great Obstetrical Syndromes» risk groups need timely prophylactic measures to reduce the likelihood of a pathological pregnancy and improve perinatal outcomes. The proposed prophylaxis scheme significantly lowered the incidence of large obstetric syndromes and improved neonatal outcomes. Key words: great obstetrical syndromes, pathological pregnancy, placental dysfunction, phleboprotector.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Premature detachment of the placenta"

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Kyrklund-Blomberg, Nina. "Smoking and pregnancy : with special reference to preterm birth and feto-placental unit /." Stockholm : Karolinska Institutet, 2006. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2006/91-7140-580-1/thesis.pdf.

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Vance, Carlos Jacob. "Alterations in Uterine and Placental Sodium Pump Abundance May Contribute to the Onset of Mouse Labor." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2005. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/299.

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Objective: Reductions in sodium pump (SP) abundance can give rise to increases in contractile force in uterine and vascular smooth muscle as well as an increased secretion in secretory cells, including potentially those of the placenta. To determine whether the mouse might serve as a model for human pregnancy in terms of the SP and to determine whether changes in SP abundance anticipate or follow labor, we studied pregnant mice over the final trimester of their pregnancy. Study Design: C57Bl6 dams (n=46) were bred and studied during their pregnancy. Animals (n=4) were sacrificed at specific gestational time points. Other mice had labor induced with LPS on Gestational day 15 and were then studied at specific time points after induction. Specimens were studied for mRNA abundance as well as protein abundance using methods such as Real time RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. Data were analyzed by ANOVA with post hoc Duncan's pair-wise comparisons. Results: Levels of uterine SP α3 isoform mRNA were most abundant on day 14 near the beginning of the third trimester. There was a significant fall in SP &alpha3 mRNA abundance by day 18 with a slightly lower level on the day of birth but an increased SP α3 mRNA abundance by one day post partum. Contrary to the uterus, SP α3 mRNA levels in the placenta increased over the last trimester, from day 14 to the day of birth. Western blot analysis on the two tissues demonstrated a somewhat similar pattern. In the LPS studies of uterus and placenta, the SP α3 isoform protein abundance appeared to fall when compared to the 2 hour time point. Those animals which were injected with a vehicle control showed very little change in SP α3 abundance after injection. While protein levels were reduced, there was no significant reduction in mRNA for all specimens. Conclusion: Uterine SP α3 isoform protein expression fell late in mouse pregnancy but prior to labor and appeared to be mediated by reductions in its mRNA. These reductions paralleled changes observed in term pregnant women. Such reductions would increase the sensitivity of the uterus to agents causing contraction but may directly increase the force, duration and frequency of contractions. Placental SP α3 isoform protein expression had no significant change over the final trimester. However, unlike uterine protein, the placental protein may not be mediated by its mRNA. Reductions in SP α3 protein abundance were also seen in preterm labor produced by LPS induction. These changes may not be mediated by mRNA. Taken together, changes in the SP α3 isoform may represent a fundamental mechanism in the initiation and/ or progression of term labor and in preterm in mouse and potentially in human.
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Sultana, Zakia. "Increased oxidative damage and premature placental aging contribute to the aetiology of stillbirth." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1391445.

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Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)<br>Stillbirth is a neglected public health problem affecting more than two million women and families globally each year with devastating and long-lasting psychosocial and financial impact. Rates of stillbirth, even in high-income countries with access to optimal obstetric care, have remained static in the past two decades. The causes of, or associations with, stillbirth that have been identified clinically include fetal factors such as genetic/structural abnormalities and growth restriction, maternal factors such as preeclampsia and infections and placental factors such as abruption and placenta previa. However, no specific cause has been established for the majority of stillbirths at term, and the rate of this category of death rises drammatically as gestation progresses beyond 38 weeks. Taking into account the functional definition of aging that is an increase in the risk of death with time, and the existence of placental pathologies in the unexplained stillbirth pregnancies resembling aging in other organs, we hypothesise that premature placental aging may be the primary factor in the aetiology of unexplained stillbirth. Premature aging may occur when cells experience increased oxidative stress that causes damage to cellular macromolecules, including DNA, RNA and lipids, and alters protein expression patterns, especially those that are crucial for cellular survival and function. Therefore, the primary aim of this thesis was to investigate evidence that the placenta from late-gestation shows biochemical signs of oxidative damage and aging that would also be present in placentas associated with stillbirths. A further aim was to investigate the pathways that mediate the oxidative damage and aging in the placenta in pathologic pregnancies. We have shown that placentas from both late-term and stillbirth pregnancies show biochemical signs of aging in the form of increased DNA and lipid oxidation. Also, the expression of aldehyde oxidase 1 (AOX1), which is known to be involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and oxidative stress, is increased in placental tissues obtained from both late-gestation and stillbirth pregnancies. We tested the association of AOX1 in stillbirth pregnancy as an RNA sequencing study performed in our laboratory identified a significant increase in AOX1 mRNA in late-term placentas compared to term healthy placentas (unpublished). The demonstration of G-protein coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER1), a cell surface estrogen receptor, localisation on the apical surface of the normal placental syncytiotrophoblast and its role in the reduction of ROS generation and oxidative damage indicate that this receptor may be a critical step in the pathway of placental ROS induced oxidative damage. Using a placental explant and a cell line culture model, we then tested the pathways that regulate placental oxidative damage and aging. Results presented in this thesis revealed that growth factor removal resulted in placental oxidative damage, with impaired mitochondrial function, decreased expression of sirtuins (proteins that control aging), alteration of nutrient sensing mammalianTORC1, and energy sensing AMP activated protein kinase pathways, all the changes are known to be associated with oxidative damage and aging in other tissues. Inhibition of AOX1 or stimulation of estrogen activation at GPER1 resulted in the blocking of all the changes observed after removal of growth factors. Together, these findings support the hypothesis that placental oxidation is regulated by estrogen activation at the GPER1 and inhibition of AOX1 leading to the inhibition of ROS generation and oxidative stress. Our study identifies potential biomarkers of oxidative damage and aging in stillbirth placentas that raise the possibility that these biomarkers of placental oxidative damage and aging may be released into the maternal blood where they may have diagnostic value in predicting the fetus at risk for stillbirth. Treatment targeting AOX1 and/or GPER1 may arrest the oxidative damage in the placenta in pregnancies identified at risk and may lead to novel therapeutic strategies for delaying placental aging, as well as preventing stillbirth and other age-related adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Books on the topic "Premature detachment of the placenta"

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Waldmann, Carl, Neil Soni, and Andrew Rhodes. Obstetric emergencies. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199229581.003.0031.

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Pre-eclampsia 518Eclampsia 520HELLP syndrome 522Postpartum haemorrhage 524Amniotic fluid embolism 526Pre-eclampsia is a common complication of pregnancy, UK incidence is 3–5%, with a complex hereditary, immunological and environmental aetiology.Abnormal placentation is characterized by impaired myometrial spiral artery relaxation, failure of trophoblastic invasion of these arterial walls and blockage of some vessels with fibrin, platelets and lipid-laden macrophages. There is a 30–40%, reduction in placental perfusion by the uterine arcuate arteries as seen by Doppler studies at 18–24 weeks gestation. Ultimately the shrunken, calcified, and microembolized placenta typical of the disease is seen. The placental lesion is responsible for fetal growth retardation and increased risks of premature labour, abruption and fetal demise. Maternal systemic features of this condition are characterized by widespread endothelial damage, affecting the peripheral, renal, hepatic, cerebral, and pulmonary vasculatures. These manifest clinically as hypertension, proteinuria and peripheral oedema, and in severe cases as eclamptic convulsions, cerebral haemorrhage (the most common cause of death due to pre-eclampsia in the UK), pulmonary oedema, hepatic infarcts and haemorrhage, coagulopathy and renal dysfunction....
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Book chapters on the topic "Premature detachment of the placenta"

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McCue, Patrick M. "Premature Separation of the Placenta." In Equine Reproductive Procedures. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118904398.ch81.

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Coughlin, Megan A., Nicole L. Werner, Joseph T. Church, et al. "An Artificial Placenta Protects Against Lung Injury and Promotes Continued Lung Development in Extremely Premature Lambs." In American Society for Artificial Internal Organs (ASAIO) Platinum 70th Anniversary Special Edition. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003543480-54.

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Gray, Brian W., Ahmed El-Sabbagh, Alvaro Rojas-Pena, et al. "Respiratory Support: Development of an Artificial Placenta IV: 24-Hour Venovenous Extracorporeal Life Support in Premature Lambs." In American Society for Artificial Internal Organs (ASAIO) Platinum 70th Anniversary Special Edition. CRC Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003543480-39.

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"Labor Complications." In Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4357-3.ch006.

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A complication of labor is a problem that poses a risk to the mother's or baby's health that occurs during birth. There are also pregnancy complications; those are the health problems that occur in the pregnant woman or in the developing fetus before the onset of labour. Complications of birth may occur during labor or the delivery and can have serious repercussions for both mother and newborn. Some complications that women develop during pregnancy like preeclampsia (high blood pressure with protein in the urine) may lead to premature detachment of the placenta from the uterus (placental abruption) and problems in the newborn. Some other labor complications may sometimes develop spontaneously and unexpectedly. Hence, it becomes easier to anticipate such problems during pregnancy through regular antenatal check-up by a physician or a certified nurse/midwife. Thus, intrapartum care of women with a complicated labor and delivery is recommended to improve the chances of having a healthy baby and safe delivery.
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Melekoğlu, Rauf, and Ayşe Şebnem Erenler. "Advancing Medical Frontiers: Unveiling the Potential of Artificial Placenta in Perinatal Medicine." In Current Researches in Health Sciences-II. Özgür Yayınları, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58830/ozgur.pub128.c689.

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Advancements in medical technology have led to the development of artificial placenta systems, which aim to support the survival and development of extremely premature infants. The placenta plays a vital role in fetal development by facilitating nutrient exchange and waste removal. Premature birth poses significant challenges in neonatal care, with preterm infants facing increased risks of morbidity and mortality. Respiratory failure is a major concern due to the underdeveloped lungs of preterm infants. Artificial placenta models have been designed to mimic fetal and utero-placental physiology, offering potential solutions to these challenges.&#x0D; This abstract reviews the history and components of artificial placenta systems, highlighting the importance of pumpless arterio-venous (AV) circuits, low-resistance oxygenators, umbilical access, and immersion in sterile fluid. The development of these components has led to improved survival rates and stability in experimental models. However, challenges such as cardiac afterload, optimization of circuit design, and prevention of infection and inflammation remain to be addressed.&#x0D; Promising artificial placenta models have been developed by research groups at the University of Michigan, Tohoku University (Sendai, Japan), and the University of Western Australia (Perth). These models have demonstrated increased survival times, stable hemodynamics, and successful organ maturation. The Philadelphia Children's Hospital model, known as EXTEND AW, has shown particular success, with lambs surviving up to 28 days and exhibiting normal organ development and neurological maturation.&#x0D; Despite these advancements, there are still challenges to overcome before artificial placenta technology can be implemented in clinical practice. These include reducing oxygenator surface area, improving hemocompatibility, optimizing nutrition and amniotic fluid composition, standardizing patient selection criteria, and developing efficient cannulation techniques.&#x0D; In conclusion, artificial placenta technology is a promising field with the potential to revolutionize neonatal care. With further advancements and research, artificial placenta systems may offer a solution to the challenges faced by extremely premature infants, improving their chances of survival and long-term health outcomes.
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Plewka, Andrzej, Danuta Plewka, and Grayna Nowaczyk. "Expression of Estrogen Receptors in Placentas Originating from Premature Deliveries Induced by Arterial Hypertension." In Recent Advances in Research on the Human Placenta. InTech, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/32336.

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LIMÃO DE SOUZA, ISABELLE, MYLENA CAMPOS NASCIMENTO, MARIA LENI ALVES SILVA, et al. "FATORES DE RISCOS E CAUSAS RELACIONADAS À PREMATURIDADE DE RECÉM-NASCIDOS." In ESTUDOS MULTIDISCIPLINARES SOBRE SAÚDE DA CRIANÇA E DO ADOLESCENTE. Editora Academic, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58871/ed.academic.00033.v2.

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Prematurity is characterized according to the gestational age (GA), in deliveries that occur between GA equal to 28 weeks or less being considered an extreme prematurity and during 31 to 33 weeks it is already considered a moderate prematurity where it no longer implies risks for the fetus. RN. Thus, the question can be raised: What are the risk factors and causes for premature birth? To add to the academic debate, this study aims to understand the causes of prematurity in newborns (NBs) in a maternity hospital in Cariri. This is a retrospective, exploratory and descriptive documentary study with a quantitative and qualitative approach, carried out in a hospital institution in the interior of Ceará. The population consisted of 60 premature newborns, who had complete records at the institution in the last 5 years. The search for premature NBs was carried out in the birth book of the Obstetric Center of the institution and data were collected from the clinical records of the NBs and their mothers. Data collection was through the application of a script for data collection, making use of a checklist in order to allow the analysis made by the medical records to be complemented by other detailed questions momentarily. The survey showed a high prevalence of moderately premature births (32 to 37 weeks). Most patients did not experience complications after birth around (66.67% of patients) and only (33.33% presented complications) such as respiratory discomfort in which they needed to go to the ICU to normalize the discomfort. It is concluded after the study that the most frequent causes for the birth of premature NBs were premature displacement of the placenta and loss of amniotic fluid, where pain in the lower abdomen that ends up leading to premature birth is quite evident as the reason for hospital admission. hypertensive diseases specific to pregnancy, circulatory system disease, coagulopathies.
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Silva, Ana Caroline Cardozo, Camilla Emanuelle Neves Antunes, Cássia Pérola dos Anjos Braga Pires, Mateus Andrade Vilela, and Matheus Mendes Pereira. "Pregnancy and COVID-19: Gestational profile of patients infected with SARS-Cov-2." In EMERGING ISSUES RELATED TO THE CORONA VIRUS PANDEMIC (COVID 19). Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/emerrelcovid19-036.

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COVID-19 presents clinical manifestations from asymptomatic cases to deaths and causes vulnerability among several groups, pregnant women being one of them. Complications were related, as well as fetal death that seems to be associated with contamination by sars-cov-2. Method: this was a descriptive study of the case series type, which aims to identify the probability of occurrence of a disease or the clinical circumstance or the event that is the subject of the research. The data obtained after applying the semi-structured questionnaire to 61 out of a total of 132 pregnant women were descriptively tabulated and analyzed using a statistical program. Results: 53% of pregnant women had health conditions related to pregnancy: systemic arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, placenta previa, urinary tract infection, and placental displacement, among others. At the end of the pregnancy, 88.5% of the deliveries were full-term, 3.3% were premature and 8.2% did not complete the pregnancy due to miscarriage or fetal death. It was also found that the percentage of death was 2.3%. Conclusion: it was observed that the vast majority of the public interviewed in this study did not have clinical complications after infection with covid-19. The gestational outcome came to term, but a small group had maternal and perinatal sequelae.
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Cabral, Juliano da Silva, Alan Oliveira Ferrer, Jussara Miranda de Paula, and Manoel Carlos Melillo Felzener. "Metformin for Gestational Diabetes: Is it effective?" In CONNECTING EXPERTISE MULTIDISCIPLINARY DEVELOPMENT FOR THE FUTURE. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/connexpemultidisdevolpfut-155.

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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus is a pathology related to increased insulin resistance and glucose intolerance, with changes in blood glucose detected for the first time during the gestational period. Faced with these situations, several therapies are considered, insulin being considered the gold standard, but with recognition of new options involving oral drugs, such as metformin. The objective was to discuss the effectiveness of the use of metformin against gestational diabetes. This is an integrative literature review, through a search in the MEDLINE, LILACS databases, via the VHL and SciELO, using the Health Sciences Descriptors: Pregnancy, Diabetes and Metformin, in association with the Boolean operator “AND”. A total of 16 studies were reached to compose the review. The use of metformin generated positive results, such as lower total cholesterol, uric acid and microalbuminuria, lower risks of premature birth and the development of congenital anomalies, helped with postprandial blood glucose, lower maternal weight gain and avoided maternal hypoglycemia. and neonatal. The general effectiveness is proven, however it is still a topic that needs further studies, as it also presents negative results and can lead to maternal and fetal complications, since metformin is a medication that crosses the placenta, which can lead to fetal harm.
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Himani, Dr. "SCIENTIFIC TECHNOLOGY IN ARTIFICIAL WOMB." In Futuristic Trends in Biotechnology Volume 3 Book 2. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bgbt2p1ch6.

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Pregnancy occurs when a sperm fertilizes an egg released from the ovary during ovulation. The fertilized egg then implants in the uterus. Pregnancy can be affected by various factors, including pathologies such as abnormal vaginal discharge, congenital deformities of the uterus and vagina, vaginal agenesis, and carcinoma cervix during pregnancy. As the lungs of a fetus are still in the process of formation, artificial womb technology imitates the natural conditions of a human womb. This reduces the need for the developing child to breathe. This technology also provides health benefits to pregnant women by offering a safe alternative to high-risk pregnancies and reducing the chances of premature birth. The term for gestation that occurs outside the body is ectogestation. An artificial uterus, often referred to as an "exo-womb," would need to remove waste and provide a growing fetus with nutrition and oxygen. In addition to this, an artificial uterus system could include an interface that takes over the functions of the placenta, an amniotic tank that acts as the amniotic sac, and an umbilical cord. EctoLife has opened the world's first artificial womb facility, where customers can choose from a range of baby features. Transparent "growth pods" in the lab allow EctoLife to produce up to 30,000 offspring every year. The concept behind EctoLife is to offer parents the ability to create customized children using artificial wombs.
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Conference papers on the topic "Premature detachment of the placenta"

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Ahmad, S., O. A. Ashiru, and M. N. Al-Sonidah. "High Temperature Oxidation and Sulfidation Damages of a Waste Heat Boiler Bypass Damper Connected to a Sulfur Furnace." In CORROSION 2003. NACE International, 2003. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2003-03465.

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Abstract A damper from an internal bypass line in a waste heat boiler was removed during shutdown in a fertilizer plant because of severe metal loss. The damper was connected to a sulfur furnace – it failed due to detachment of the flapper from its hollow shaft. In the plant, sulfur is burnt in the furnace (1051οC) to produce sulfur dioxide. The damper assembly consists of flapper and a hollow shaft which are fixed together using 3 pins. Chemical analysis showed that the flapper and hollow shaft material were constructed from SS 310 and SS 309 respectively, while the pins were made of plain carbon steel. The pins suffered premature, rapid, and severe high temperature oxidation attack. Consequently, the sulfur dioxide gas leaked into the hollow shaft to inflict severe sulfidation and oxidation attacks. Cross-sectional microstructural examination of the damaged hollow shaft revealed adherent deposits of oxide on the outer surface followed by layers of sulfidation damages penetrating through the bulk metal. X-ray mapping indicated that the sulfides were basically of chromium and iron and mainly present in the inner scale and in few grains in the base material. Remedial actions were suggested to mitigate the problem.
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Weed, Benjamin, Ali Borazjani, Sourav Patnaik, et al. "Stress State Dependence of Human Placenta Mechanical Behavior." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53775.

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Maternal trauma affects 5–8% of all pregnancies and is the leading nonobstetric cause of maternal death in the United States [1]. The most common cause of trauma is motor vehicle accident (MVA) and the most common pathology is abruptio placentae, detachment of the placenta from uterus, which leads to serious maternal and fetal consequences [2].
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Totpal, Alexander D., Firas F. Siala, and James A. Liburdy. "Flow Energy Harvesting of an Oscillating Foil With Rigid and Passive Surface Flexibility." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69238.

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The aerodynamic performance of an oscillating pitching and plunging foil operating in the energy harvesting mode is experimentally investigated. Experiments are conducted in a closed-loop recirculating wind tunnel at Re of 24,000 to 48,000, and reduced frequencies (k) of 0.04 to 0.08. Foil kinematics are varied through the following parameter space: heaving amplitude of 0.3c, pitching amplitudes of θ0 = 45° to 75°, as well as phase lag between sinusoidal pitching and heaving motions of Φ = 30° to 120°. Aerodynamic force measurements are collected to show the energy extraction performance (power coefficient and efficiency) of the foil. Coupled with the force measurements, flow fields are collected using particle image velocimetry. The flow field characteristics are used to supplement the force results, shedding light into flow features that contribute to increased energy extraction at these k values. In addition, inertia-induced passive chord-wise flexibility at the leading edge (LE) of the foil is investigated in order to assess its feasibility in this application. Results indicate that favorable performance occurs near θ0 = 45°, Φ = 90° and k = 0.08. When k is decreased (through increased U∞) to 0.04, overall extraction performance becomes insensitive to θ0 and Φ. This is supported by the flow field measurements, which show premature leading edge vortex (LEV) evolution and detachment from the foil surface. Although overall performance was reduced with the passive LE flexibility, these results indicate that a proper tuning of the LE may result in a delay of the LEV detachment time, yielding increased energy harvesting at this otherwise inefficient operating parameter space.
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Epaarachchi, E. A. K., and B. S. S. De Silva. "Common Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes of Pregnancies Diagnosed with Endometriosis." In SLIIT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES [SICASH]. Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/lkwu4144.

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Endometriosis is a progressive stirring disease marked by the appearance of endometrial glands and stroma exterior of the uterus. It affects 8%–10% of reproductive-age women, and is linked to develop primary or secondary infertility in 30% of these women.The main objective of this systematic review was to critically analyse the current related literature to explore the maternal and neonatal outcomes of pregnancies diagnosed with endometriosis. Pregnant women with endometriosis are more likely to develop negative pregnancy outcomes and complicated neonatal outcomes, and therefore they may benefit from extra screening and early detection. Related literature within 5years (2016 - 2021) was searched from databases like CINAHL, MEDLINE, and PUBMED, Additionally, a few numbers of studies prior to 2016 were taken due to the availability of related information.A total number of 23 articles related to the search criteria was found and out of that, eight articles were selected due to their extreme relevancy. After critically analysing the eight studies authors explored that pregnant women diagnosed with endometriosis are at elevated risk to develop Placenta previa, hypertensive disorders, postpartum hemorrhage, emergency caesareans and preeclampsia as common maternal outcomes and premature birth, Low birth weight and still birth as common neonatal outcomes. In conclusion, women with endometriosis are at elevated risk of developing adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes in their pregnancies. Keywords: Endometriosis, Maternal outcomes, Neonatal outcomes, adverse effects
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Piacenza, Joseph, Susan Piacenza, Salvador Mayoral, Alexia Kenney, and Nikolai Shields. "Design Opportunities for Sea Turtle Satellite Tracking Devices." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85583.

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Satellite-linked platform terminal transmitters (PTTs) enable biologists to study movements of sea turtles. However, PTTs often fail due to limited battery life, antenna breakage, biofouling, saltwater switch failure, and premature tag detachment. Also, PTTs induce hydrodynamic drag and may bias sea turtle behavior. Advances in technology continue to improve PTTs, however, design opportunities remain so that deployment duration is increased and behavioral biases are limited. We review how PTTs are used to obtain information on sea turtle biology, the current state-of-the-art, review recent innovations and highlight potential areas for design improvements. There remain several areas to focus on design improvements: (1) improve attachment methods so as to stretch as juveniles grow but do not add additional height to tag profile, (2) improve tag profile and attachment location on the turtle carapace to limit hydrodynamic drag, (3) experiment with different energy harvesting options to extend deployment duration, and (4) improve antenna design and material to enhance robustness and transmission quality. Capitalizing on emerging technology that allows for increasing miniaturization will likely create tags that extend deployment duration and induce negligible behavioral biases and will create data that best represents the true biology of sea turtle species in-water.
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