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Journal articles on the topic 'Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) Lymphoma'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Bednar, Martin M., Anthony Salerni, Martin E. Flanagan, and William W. Pendlebury. "Primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma." Journal of Neurosurgery 74, no. 4 (1991): 668–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1991.74.4.0668.

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✓ Primary central nervous system (CNS) T-cell lymphoma is extremely rare. The present case report provides immunocytochemical evidence for a cerebellar CNS T-cell lymphoma. The patient underwent surgery followed by radiation therapy and is alive and well 36 months postoperatively. The clinical and pathological features of primary CNS T-cell lymphoma as well as diagnostic measures and treatment options are discussed, together with a compilation of all previous case reports of primary CNS T-cell lymphomas.

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2

Schaff, Lauren. "Central Nervous System Lymphoma." CONTINUUM: Lifelong Learning in Neurology 29, no. 6 (2023): 1710–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/con.0000000000001356.

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ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE This article reviews the clinical presentation, diagnostic workup, staging, and treatment of primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma and common manifestations of secondary CNS lymphoma. LATEST DEVELOPMENTS Lymphoma can arise in the CNS de novo (primary CNS lymphoma) or as the result of systemic disease (secondary CNS lymphoma). Symptoms may include focal neurologic deficits related to the disease site, cognitive decline, and symptoms of increased intracranial pressure. Standard treatment may differ based on lymphoma subtype and location. A majority of CNS lymphoma is d

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Kadoch, Cigall, Patrick Treseler, and James L. Rubenstein. "Molecular pathogenesis of primary central nervous system lymphoma." Neurosurgical Focus 21, no. 5 (2006): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2006.21.5.2.

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✓ Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) typically associated with a worse prognosis than other localized extranodal lymphomas with similar histological characteristics. The defining feature of PCNSL is its confinement to the central nervous system (CNS), with proclivity for growth within the leptomeningeal as well as intraocular compartments. Primary CNS lymphoma rarely disseminates outside the CNS and accounts for less than 5% of all primary brain neoplasms. At least 95% of PCNSLs are of large B-cell histology, the most common subt

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Hochberg, Fred H., and Douglas C. Miller. "Primary central nervous system lymphoma." Journal of Neurosurgery 68, no. 6 (1988): 835–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1988.68.6.0835.

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✓ Primary lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS), including reticulum cell sarcoma, microglioma, and histiocytic lymphoma, represents less than 1% of all primary brain tumors. In the last 10 years, this tumor has tripled in frequency in the nonimmunosuppressed population. By 1991, the tumor will be the most common neurological neoplasm by virtue of the increase in sporadic occurrence and in the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) population. Three percent of AIDS patients will develop this tumor either prior to AIDS diagnosis or during their subsequent course. In addition to acquir

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Kawakami, Yasuto, Kazuo Tabuchi, Rinkichi Ohnishi, Shoji Asari, and Akira Nishimoto. "Primary central nervous system lymphoma." Journal of Neurosurgery 62, no. 4 (1985): 522–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1985.62.4.0522.

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✓ A retrospective analysis of 21 cases of primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is reported. All patients presented with a solitary mass in the supratentorial region. None had previously received immunosuppressive therapy. Neuroradiological studies included technetium-99m-pertechnetate brain scanning in eight cases, cerebral arteriography in all 21 cases, and computerized tomography (CT) in 14 cases. The characteristic features were increased uptake in brain scans, mass effect in arteriograms, and marked contrast enhancement on CT scans. Abnormal tumor vessels were occasionally seen on

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Kwok, Hoi Ming, Kwok Yan Li, Rois L. S. Chan, et al. "Different facets of intracranial central nervous system lymphoma and its imaging mimics." Journal of Clinical Imaging Science 12 (February 4, 2022): 4. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/jcis_135_2021.

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Lymphomas of the central nervous system (CNS) are broadly classified into primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) and secondary CNS lymphoma (SCNSL). PCNSL refers to lymphoma restricted to the brain, leptomeninges, spinal cord, or eyes without evidence of it outside the CNS at primary diagnosis, while SCNSL refers to secondary CNS involvement by systemic lymphoma. The brain is the most common site of involvement and intracranial CNS lymphoma has a highly variable imaging appearance and varies according to the patient’s clinical profile and immunity. This pictorial essay aims to illustrate the different f

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Forde, P., C. Grant, E. Smith, et al. "Primary central nervous system lymphoma: An Irish clinical experience." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): e13032-e13032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.e13032.

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e13032 Background: North American studies have demonstrated an increase in incidence of primary CNS lymphoma in recent decades. To our knowledge there have been no studies analyzing primary CNS lymphoma in the Irish setting. This prompted a review of cases diagnosed at our institution, the larger of two national neurosurgical/neuro-oncology referral centers. Methods: The records of 78 patients diagnosed with primary CNS lymphoma at our institution between January 1999 and October 2008 were reviewed. Patient's age, sex, and time to diagnosis were noted. Histology and radiology was reviewed for

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Ferreri, Andrés J. M., Matthias Holdhoff, Lakshmi Nayak, and James L. Rubenstein. "Evolving Treatments for Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma." American Society of Clinical Oncology Educational Book, no. 39 (May 2019): 454–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/edbk_242547.

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Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (PCNSL) is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that remains confined to the CNS neuroaxis during its natural history of disease and is therefore considered stage IE disease. PCNSL is diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) morphology in more than 95% of patients and is designated primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the CNS on the basis of the 2017 World Health Organization classification of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors. Rapidly evolving therapeutic paradigms have been linked to evidence of progress in PCNSL, a disease long considered

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9

Tun, Han W., David Personett, Karen A. Baskerville, et al. "Pathway analysis of primary central nervous system lymphoma." Blood 111, no. 6 (2008): 3200–3210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2007-10-119099.

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Abstract Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma (PCNSL) is a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) confined to the CNS. A genome-wide gene expression comparison between PCNSL and non-CNS DLBCL was performed, the latter consisting of both nodal and extranodal DLBCL (nDLBCL and enDLBCL), to identify a “CNS signature.” Pathway analysis with the program SigPathway revealed that PCNSL is characterized notably by significant differential expression of multiple extracellular matrix (ECM) and adhesion-related pathways. The most significantly up-regulated gene is the ECM-related osteopontin (SPP

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Sobrevilla-Moreno, Nora, Marcela Janka-Zires, Pedro Sobrevilla-Calvo, Luis Durazo-Cons, and Silvia Rivas-Vera. "Central Nervous System Involvement in Primary Nasal Lymphoma." Blood 114, no. 22 (2009): 2940. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v114.22.2940.2940.

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Abstract Abstract 2940 Poster Board II-916 Introduction. Nasal NK/T cell lymphoma (NNK/TCL) is a tumor with a low prevalence but is more frequent in Asia and South America. There is no standard treatment for these patients, although radiotherapy is usually recommended. Few reports describe the frequency of central nervous system (CNS) involvement in this type of lymphoma and, in consequence, little is known about the benefit of carrying out screening procedures such as cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) cytology or image studies, nor it is known if prophylactic radiotherapy to the CNS or intrathecal ch

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Okcu, Izel, Jihao Zhou, Yucai Wang, et al. "Incidence of central nervous system relapse in primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma: Implications for central nervous system prophylaxis." Journal of Clinical Oncology 42, no. 16_suppl (2024): 7080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2024.42.16_suppl.7080.

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7080 Background: Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) is an uncommon type of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma. PMBCL has distinct clinicopathologic features compared to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma but shares some clinical and biologic features with nodular sclerosis classic Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL). Central nervous system (CNS) relapse is exceedingly rare in cHL, therefore one may expect that CNS relapse in PMBCL is also uncommon. Herein, we examined the incidence of CNS relapse in patients with PMBCL. Methods: Patients with newly diagnosed PMBCL seen at Mayo Clinic between

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Jincheng, Fang*# and Yun Liu#. "Primary T Cell Central Nervous System Lymphoma: Case Report and Literature Review." Mega Journal of Case Reports 7, no. 3 (2024): 2001–6. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10894529.

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AbstractPrimary central nervous system lymphoma accounts for 5% of primary intracranial tumors, most of which arederived from B lymphocytes. Diffuse large B cell lymphoma makes up the majority of primary central nervoussystem lymphoma. It accounts for more than 90% of all primary CNS lymphomas. Less than 5% of patients sufferfrom primary central nervous system T-cell lymphoma. Primary T cell central nervous system lymphoma is rare andshould be took into account the possibility of getting it for patients whose clinical symptoms progress rapidly andimaging findings show single or multiple intrac

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Hossein-Zadeh, Zarrin, Saroja Geetha, Neha Seth, et al. "Rare secondary lymphomas involving the brain." Journal of Case Reports and Images in Pathology 10, no. 2 (2024): 27–31. https://doi.org/10.5348/100082z11zz2024cs.

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Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is rare in patients with Hodgkin lymphoma (HL). Accordingly, the clinical features and outcomes are not well described. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is a rare and aggressive type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that can arise in various parts of the body, including the central nervous system (CNS). Secondary ALCL involving the CNS is more common than primary disease. In general, these rare lymphomas in the CNS present with a predilection for parenchymal lesions with dural extension. Here we report two cases with metastatic/secondary lymphomas involving

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14

Loeffler, J. S., T. J. Ervin, P. Mauch, et al. "Primary lymphomas of the central nervous system: patterns of failure and factors that influence survival." Journal of Clinical Oncology 3, no. 4 (1985): 490–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1985.3.4.490.

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Primary lymphomas of the CNS are rare tumors accounting for less than 2% of all extranodal non-Hodgkin's lymphomas. The treatment for this disease has been disappointing. Radiation therapy and surgery have produced consistently poor control of this disease, with a median survival of 15 months. We have reviewed ten cases of primary lymphoma of the CNS treated at the Joint Center for Radiation Therapy or Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (Boston) from 1968 to 1981. All patients had biopsy-proven CNS lymphomas without systemic disease at presentation. In our series, control of CNS lymphoma was seen on

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Chamberlain, Marc C. "Lymphomatous meningitis in primary central nervous system lymphoma." Neurosurgical Focus 21, no. 5 (2006): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/foc.2006.21.5.7.

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✓Lymphomatous meningitis (LM) due to primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is an uncommon problem in neurooncology and can occur at time of diagnosis or recurrence. Notwithstanding frequent focal signs and symptoms, LM is a disease affecting the entire neuraxis, and therefore staging and treatment need to encompass all cere-brospinal fluid (CSF) compartments. Central nervous system staging of LM includes contrast agent–enhanced cranial computed tomography (CT) or Gd-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, Gd-enhanced spinal MR imaging, CT myelography, and radionuclide CSF flow study.

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Lauw, Marietya I. S., Calixto-Hope G. Lucas, Robert S. Ohgami, and Kwun Wah Wen. "Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas: A Diagnostic Overview of Key Histomorphologic, Immunophenotypic, and Genetic Features." Diagnostics 10, no. 12 (2020): 1076. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics10121076.

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Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma that primarily arises in the brain, spinal cord, leptomeninges, and vitreoretinal compartment of the eye. The term is sometimes used interchangeably with primary central nervous system diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (PCNS DLBCL) because DLBCL comprises a great majority (90–95%) of PCNSL. Although rare, other types of lymphomas can be seen in the central nervous system (CNS), and familiarity with these entities will help their recognition and further workup in order to establish the diagnosis. The l

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Sasaki, Nobuyoshi, Satoshi Kume, Kensuke Tateishi, et al. "GEN-13 PAIRED MUTATIONAL ANALYSIS IN SECONDARY NERVOUS SYSTEM LYMPHOMA AND PCNSL SYSTEMIC RELAPSE REVEALS DRIVER MUTATION CANDIDATES IN THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM." Neuro-Oncology Advances 4, Supplement_3 (2022): iii4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/noajnl/vdac167.014.

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Abstract Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is an aggressive extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma confined to the brain, eyes, and the spinal cord. The mechanism of central nervous system (CNS) tropism in PCNSL has not been fully elucidated. Diffuse large B cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) occasionally present with distant recurrence, which can involve inside and outside the CNS. Secondary central nervous system lymphomas (SCNSLs) are CNS relapse of systemic lymphoma. PCNSLs also rarely present with systemic relapse. We have previously reported in our study of whole exome sequencing that PCNSLs

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Fischer, L., A. Korfel, S. Pfeiffer, et al. "CXCL13 and CXCL12 in central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma patients." Journal of Clinical Oncology 27, no. 15_suppl (2009): 2071. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.2071.

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2071 Background: Homing of malignant lymphocytes to the CNS may play a role in the pathogenesis of CNS lymphoma. Recently, the expression of the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CXCR5 as well as their chemokine ligands CXCL12 and CXCL13 by tumor cells in primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) has been demonstrated. In this study, we evaluated CXCL12 and CXCL13 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of patients with CNS lymphoma. Methods: Samples from 30 patients with CNS lymphoma (23 with PCNSL and seven with secondary CNS lymphoma) and 40 controls (10 patients with other CNS malignancies and 30 without a

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Balık, Berrin, Yaşa Gül Mutlu, and Ömür Gökmen Sevindik. "Myeloid differentiation primary response 88 expression in central nervous system lymphomas." Journal of Current Hematology & Oncology Research 2, no. 4 (2024): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.51271/jchor-0045.

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Aims: A prominent adaptor protein that signals from many receptors called myeloid differentiation primary response 88 (MYD88) coded by MYD88 gene was evaluated. Our aim was to record the level of MYD88 expression and its relation with clinicopathological parameters in both primary and secondary Central Nervous System (CNS) Lymphomas. Methods: MYD88 protein expression was analyzed by two different classification using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in ten patients who were diagnosed in our hospital. The samples that were collected from patients before treatment were evaluated and specified by a hem

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Wang, Xiuli, Ryan Urak, Walter Miriam, et al. "New Therapeutic Approach for Central Nervous System Lymphoma By Intracerebroventricular Delivery of CD19CAR T Cells." Blood 128, no. 22 (2016): 2161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v128.22.2161.2161.

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Abstract Central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) is a lymphoid malignancy in which tumors from lymph tissue start in the brain, spinal cord, eye, and/or meninges (primary CNSL) or present as a result of metastasis from initial systemic sites to the CNS (secondary CNSL). The most common CNS lymphomas (about 90%) are B-cell lymphomas. The incidence of primary CNS lymphoma has been increasing over the past 20 years. Multifocal lesions are common. CNS lymphomas carry a worse prognosis than systemic lymphoma. Only a few chemotherapeutic drugs can cross and achieve a therapeutic concentration in the

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Plasswilm, L., U. Herrlinger, A. Korfel, et al. "Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma in immunocompetent patients." Annals of Hematology 81, no. 8 (2002): 415–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00277-002-0498-8.

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22

Chávez, Elizabeth Escamilla, Julio César Delgado Arce, Edinson David Berrio Perea, et al. "Primary central nervous system lymphoma: A mirror type presentation in an immunocompetent patient." Surgical Neurology International 15 (April 26, 2024): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.25259/sni_65_2024.

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Background: Primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma is a very rare extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The bilateral pattern, as we call it “mirror type”, has been identified in other CNS lesions such as gliomas, metastases, and demyelinating lesions, so the differential diagnosis includes imaging studies such as magnetic resonance imaging contrasted with spectroscopy, ruling out immunodeficiency or metastatic disease. Case Description: A 65-year-old female presented progressing headache, loss of memory and language alterations, as well as sensory alterations. Neuroimaging showed the presen

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Orlando, Carrillo-Torres, Rivero-Sigarroa Eduardo, and Loeza-Guemez Alejandro. "Case Report: A Woman with Fever, Acute Changes in Mental State, and Progressive Neurological Degeneration." Journal of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Reports 4, no. 3 (2018): 17–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.13107/jaccr.2018.v04i03.106.

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Introduction: Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL), which was first described by Stein in 1985 as a feature of CD30 positivity, is now acknowledged as a distinct subset of T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHL). It accounts for approximately 3% of adult NHL while constitutes as many as 30%–40% of pediatric large-cell lymphomas. It is rarely metastasized to other sites, especially to the central nervous system (CNS). Case Report: We present a case of a 73-year-old woman hospitalized for fever, acute behavioral changes, and progressive neurological degeneration; a rare case of systemic ALCL which m

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Murray, Kevin, Larry Kun, and James Cox. "Primary malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system." Journal of Neurosurgery 65, no. 5 (1986): 600–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.1986.65.5.0600.

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✓ Eleven patients with primary malignant lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS) were treated at the Medical College of Wisconsin Affiliated Hospitals between 1964 and 1984. Three patients had a prior history of immunosuppressive therapy following renal transplantation. All patients had biopsy-proven disease and 10 of the 11 were treated with external radiation therapy. The doses to the primary tumor ranged from 34 to 59.4 Gray (Gy). Actuarial (life-table) survival rate was 82% at 1 year and 43% at 3 years. No recurrence was seen after 13 months. Eighty-six reports totaling 693 cases of p

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Bödör, Csaba, Donát Alpár, Dóra Marosvári, et al. "Molecular Subtypes and Genomic Profile of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma." Journal of Neuropathology & Experimental Neurology 79, no. 2 (2019): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jnen/nlz125.

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Abstract Primary central nervous system lymphomas (PCNSL) are aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphomas affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Although immunophenotyping studies suggested an uniform activated B-cell (ABC) origin, more recently a spectrum of ABC and germinal center B-cell (GC) cases has been proposed, with the molecular subtypes of PCNSL still being a matter of debate. With the emergence of novel therapies demonstrating different efficacy between the ABC and GC patient groups, precise assignment of molecular subtype is becoming indispensable. To determine the molecular subtype of 7

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Grossman, Rachel, Erez Nossek, Nir Shimony, Michal Raz, and Zvi Ram. "Intraoperative 5-aminolevulinic acid–induced fluorescence in primary central nervous system lymphoma." Journal of Neurosurgery 120, no. 1 (2014): 67–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2013.9.jns131076.

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The authors report a case of primary CNS lymphoma located in the floor of the fourth ventricle that showed intense fluorescence after preoperative administration of 5-aminolevulinic acid. The authors believe that this is the first demonstration of a 5-aminolevulinic acid–induced fluorescence pattern in primary CNS lymphoma.

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Reynolds, Renee, and Allan Friedman. "Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma." Contemporary Neurosurgery 32, no. 24 (2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.cne.0000391300.70463.78.

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Pospelova, T. I., E. N. Voropaeva, V. S. Karpova, et al. "Central nervous system involvement in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma." JOURNAL of SIBERIAN MEDICAL SCIENCES 6, no. 4 (2022): 112–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31549/2542-1174-2022-6-4-112-132.

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Introduction. Current approaches used to predict the recurrence of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) with involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) need to be improved. Data from national studies on the incidence and clinical and laboratory characteristics of primary CNS DLBCL and secondary CNS involvement in systemic DLBCL are fragmentary and do not allow us to assess the overall picture. Aim. An assessment on the territory of the Siberian metropolis of data on the incidence and clinical and laboratory characteristics of DLBCL patients with primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) and secondary

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Cote, Gregory M., Yang Feng, Aliyah R. Sohani, et al. "Secondary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: A Single Center Experience." Blood 118, no. 21 (2011): 5181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v118.21.5181.5181.

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Abstract Abstract 5181 Background: Secondary CNS non-Hodgkin lymphoma (SCNSL) is estimated to occur in ∼5% of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and it carries a poor prognosis. Early CNS relapse (i.e. during treatment or within the first 6 months following chemotherapy) may represent subclinical CNS lymphoma present at the time of diagnosis. DLBCL is the most common histology seen in SCNSL and primary CNS (PCNSL) lymphoma. PCNSL DLBCL is usually characterized by an activated B-cell like (ABC) phenotype; it is unknown whether SCNSL follows the same pattern or if it includes germinal center B-

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Lehman, Norman L., Dikran S. Horoupian, Roger A. Warnke, Uma N. Sundram, Kendra Peterson, and Griffith R. Harsh. "Dural marginal zone lymphoma with massive amyloid deposition: rare low-grade primary central nervous system B-cell lymphoma." Journal of Neurosurgery 96, no. 2 (2002): 368–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/jns.2002.96.2.0368.

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✓ The authors report the case of a 63-year-old woman who presented with a primary dural extranodal marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) associated with massive kappa light chain amyloidosis of the meninges. Extranodal MZL is a low-grade B-cell lymphoma that may show variable degrees of plasmacytic differentiation. Like solitary plasmacytoma of soft tissue, which can also be associated with amyloid, extranodal MZL generally responds well to local therapy and has a good prognosis. It is important to distinguish these entities from high-grade primary central nervous system (CNS) B-cell lymphomas and more

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Reynolds, Renee, and Allan Friedman. "Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma." Contemporary Neurosurgery 32, no. 23 (2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.cne.0000391298.24721.b9.

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Fu, Haiying, Songsheng Shi, Lusan Chen, et al. "Primary central nervous system Hodgkin's lymphoma: a case report." Journal of International Medical Research 49, no. 4 (2021): 030006052199953. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0300060521999533.

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Primary central nervous system Hodgkin's lymphoma (CNS-HL) is extremely rare. This current case report describes a 60-year-old male patient that presented with numbness of the left lower extremity and worsening headache. After a full range of investigations and a partial resection of the right cerebellum, external ventricular drainage reservoir placement and cranioplasty, he was diagnosed with primary CNS-HL. The patient was treated with 3 g/m2 methotrexate (intravenous [i.v.], once a day, day 1) and 1 g/m2 cytarabine (i.v., every 12 h, days 2 + 3), followed by anti-programmed cell death prote

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Gandhi, Sangeetha, N. Nora Bennani, Sonia Fortin, et al. "Central Nervous System Involvement in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphoma." Blood 134, Supplement_1 (2019): 5293. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-131965.

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Background: Central nervous system (CNS) involvement by peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a rare condition. Among primary CNS lymphomas, only 2% are secondary to PTCL, while the risk of CNS relapse in all cases of PTCL is estimated at 2% to 6%. Little is known about the presentation and outcomes of PTCL patients with CNS involvement given the rarity of this entity. In this study, we describe patient characteristics, histology, and clinical course of patients with CNS involvement by PTCL. Methods: The Mayo Clinic Lymphoma Database was used to identify PTCL patients with primary or secondary

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Salvarani, Carlo, Robert D. Brown, Teresa J. H. Christianson, et al. "Primary central nervous system vasculitis associated with lymphoma." Neurology 90, no. 10 (2018): e847-e855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000005062.

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ObjectivesTo record the clinical findings, response to therapy, and course of patients with primary CNS vasculitis (PCNSV) associated with lymphoma.Patients and MethodsWe reviewed the histories of 936 patients with a diagnosis of any type of vasculitis and lymphoma who were seen at the Mayo Clinic over a 32-year period. Ten patients with both PCNSV and lymphoma were identified. We compared the findings in these 10 patients with those from 158 patients with PCNSV without lymphoma seen over 29 years.ResultsTen of a total of 168 (5.9%) patients with PCNSV also had a history of lymphoma: 6 with Ho

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Montesinos-Rongen, Manuel, Frauke G. Purschke, Anna Brunn, et al. "Primary Central Nervous System (CNS) Lymphoma B Cell Receptors Recognize CNS Proteins." Journal of Immunology 195, no. 3 (2015): 1312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.1402341.

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Rubenstein, James L., Jane Fridlyand, Arthur Shen, et al. "Gene expression and angiotropism in primary CNS lymphoma." Blood 107, no. 9 (2006): 3716–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2005-03-0897.

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Primary CNS lymphoma is an aggressive form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma whose growth is restricted to the central nervous system. We used cDNA microarray analysis to compare the gene expression signature of primary CNS lymphomas with nodal large B-cell lymphomas. Here, we show that while individual cases of primary CNS lymphomas may be classified as germinal center B-cell, activated B-cell, or type 3 large B-cell lymphoma, brain lymphomas are distinguished from nodal large B-cell lymphomas by high expression of regulators of the unfolded protein response (UPR) signaling pathway, by the oncogenes c-

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Esptein, Leon G., Frederick J. DiCarlo, Vijay V. Joshi, et al. "Primary Lymphoma of the Central Nervous System in Children With Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome." Pediatrics 82, no. 3 (1988): 355–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.82.3.355.

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Three children with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and primary lymphoma of the CNS are described. All three children had clinical signs of focal mass lesions and progressive neurologic deficits. In one child the deterioration was extremely rapid. New lesions appeared on serial CT scans every few days, simulating an infectious process and leading to death within 3 weeks. Results of neuroradiologic studies in these patients demonstrated multicentric lesions that were often periventricular. On CT scans, the lesions were hyperdense before contrast and were enhanced with contrast medium. Double

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Dubenko, O. Ye, H. V. Kulinich, M. V. Moskalenko, and L. L. Vasylyev. "Clinical and diagnostic observation of primary lymphoma of the central nervous system." Український радіологічний та онкологічний журнал 31, no. 2 (2023): 243–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46879/ukroj.2.2023.243-252.

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Background. Lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS), both primary and secondary, is a rare but very aggressive type of non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) refers to cases confined to the CNS parenchyma, dura mater, leptomeninges, cranial nerves, and spinal cord or intraocular region. The prognosis of PCNSL has been very dismal with an overall survival of 1.5 months without treatment and a 5-year survival rate of 30%. Due to the introduction of high-dose methotrexatebased chemotherapy regimens, there has been substantial progress in treating patients with lymphomas of the

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Korfel, Agnieszka, Uwe Schlegel, Derek R. Johnson, Timothy J. Kaufmann, Caterina Giannini, and Takanori Hirose. "Case-based review: primary central nervous system lymphoma." Neuro-Oncology Practice 4, no. 1 (2017): 46–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nop/npw033.

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Abstract Primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare diffuse large B-cell lymphoma originating within the central nervous system. The overall incidence of PCNSL is rising, particularly in the elderly population. Immunosuppression is a strong risk factor, but most patients with this tumor are apparently immunocompetent. Diagnosis of PCNSL can be challenging. Non-invasive or minimally invasive tests such as ophthalmological evaluation and spinal fluid analysis may be useful, but the majority of patients require tumor biopsy for definitive diagnosis. Our knowledge concerning optimum treatment of PCNSL

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Au, Ka Loong Kelvin, Sarah Latonas, Afshin Shameli, Iwona Auer, and Christopher Hahn. "Cerebrospinal Fluid Flow Cytometry: Utility in Central Nervous System Lymphoma Diagnosis." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 47, no. 3 (2020): 382–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2020.22.

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ABSTRACT:Background:Flow cytometry of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is used in isolation or as an adjunct to cytology to increase the sensitivity of detecting central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. We aimed to evaluate the sensitivity of CSF flow cytometry as a diagnostic screening tool for primary CNS lymphoma in patients presenting with undifferentiated neurologic symptoms.Methods:We retrospectively reviewed all CSF samples received by the Calgary Laboratory Services Flow Cytometry Laboratory from 2012 to 2015. Clinical data, laboratory investigations, radiologic imaging studies, and patholo

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Kusano, Yoshiharu, Noriko Nishimura, Kyoko Ueda, Masahiro Yokoyama, Yasuhito Terui, and Kiyohiko Hatake. "Intrathecal Prophylaxis Might Be Required For Primary and Secondary Breast Lymphoma to prevent Central Nervous System Relapse." Blood 122, no. 21 (2013): 5082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v122.21.5082.5082.

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Abstract Background Breast lymphomas is a rare type of malignant lymphoma. The major histopathological type of breast lymphoma is diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL). Although conventional treatment regimen is cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and predonisolone with rituximab (R-CHOP), the optimal cycles of chemotherapy, role of additional radiotherapy, and efficacy of intrathecal (IT) prophylaxis are still unclear. Method We retrospectively analyzed the clinical features and treatment outcomes of 22 patients with newly diagnosed primary breast lymphoma (PBL) of stage IE and IIE a

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Mumtaz, Hassan, Shahzaib Ahmad, Fatima Yasin, and Muhammad Ahsan Shafiq. "PRIMARY CNS LYMPHOMA MIMICKING TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION - A CASE REPORT." PAFMJ 71, no. 6 (2022): 2245–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.51253/pafmj.v71i6.7116.

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Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare variety of extra nodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma that reportedly involves leptomeninges, the brain, spinal cord, eyes, or may involve other organs systemically. We present a case of 46-yearold woman with complaints of headache and fever for three weeks, associated with right-sided weakness & altered state of consciousness for one week. The most common presentation of primary central nervous lymphoma is diffuse or multifocal supratentorial masses causing cognitive deterioration and involvement of vitreous, retina, and optic nerve. Most ca

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Kariya, Shin, Kazunori Nishizaki, Katsuya Aoji, and Hirofumi Akagi. "Primary malignant lymphoma in the cerebellopontine angle." Journal of Laryngology & Otology 112, no. 5 (1998): 476–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022215100140824.

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AbstractPrimary malignant lymphoma is an uncommon disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Immunocompromised patients are at high risk of development of malignant lymphoma. We describe a case of primary CNS lymphoma presenting as a solitary cerebellopontine angle lesion. The patient had undergone extirpation of rectal cancer four years previously. Malignant lymphoma presenting as a cerebellopontine angle mass is extremely rare, with only 10 such cases (seven were primary, and the others secondary) previously reported.

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Klimova, Aneta, Jarmila Heissigerova, Eva Rihova, et al. "Combined treatment of primary vitreoretinal lymphomas significantly prolongs the time to first relapse." British Journal of Ophthalmology 102, no. 11 (2018): 1579–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2017-311574.

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BackgroundVitreoretinal lymphomas belong to the family of central nervous system (CNS) lymphomas. The optimal approach for the treatment of isolated primary vitreoretinal lymphoma is unclear because of the lack of large comparative clinical series. Combination of intravitreal and systemic chemotherapy is recommended in many reports. The aim of our retrospective study was to compare the survival rate and prognosis of patients with vitreoretinal lymphoma with and without CNS involvement.MethodsTwenty patients with vitreoretinal lymphomas were observed between the years 2004and2016, 10 patients w

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Au, KLK, S. Latonas, A. Shameli, I. Auer, and C. Hahn. "Cerebrospinal fluid flow cytometry: utility in central nervous system lymphoma diagnosis." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 48, s1 (2021): S2—S3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2021.89.

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Flow cytometry of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is used in isolation or as an adjunct to cytology to increase the sensitivity of detecting primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma. We aim to evaluate the sensitivity of CSF flow cytometry as a diagnostic tool for primary CNS lymphoma in patients presenting with undifferentiated neurologic symptoms. We retrospectively reviewed all CSF samples received by the Calgary Laboratory Services Flow Cytometry Laboratory from 2012- 2015. Clinical data, laboratory investigations, radiologic imaging studies, and pathological data were analyzed. Clinica

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Morales-Martinez, Andrea, Fernando Lozano-Sanchez, Alberto Duran-Peña, Khe Hoang-Xuan, and Caroline Houillier. "Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma in Elderly Patients: Management and Perspectives." Cancers 13, no. 14 (2021): 3479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers13143479.

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The management of elderly patients suffering from primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma, who represent a rapidly growing population, is challenging. Despite the advances made in PCNSL treatment, the prognosis in older patients remains unsatisfactory. The high risk of systemic and CNS toxicity induced by a high-dose chemotherapy regimen and radiation therapy, respectively, limits the use of consolidation phase treatments in elderly patients and contributes to the poor outcome of these patients. Here, we review the current treatment strategies and ongoing trials proposed for elderly PCNS

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DeAngelis, Lisa M., and Fabio M. Iwamoto. "An Update on Therapy of Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma." Hematology 2006, no. 1 (2006): 311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/asheducation-2006.1.311.

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AbstractThe most important advance in primary central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma treatment has been the convincing data that high-dose methotrexate-based chemotherapy regimens improve survival compared to historical controls treated with radiotherapy alone. However, the optimal treatment approach is still unclear and therapy can be associated with long-term neurotoxicity. Current research focuses on maximizing survival while minimizing neurologic sequelae.

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Zajdel, Michalina, Grzegorz Rymkiewicz, Maria Sromek, et al. "Tumor and Cerebrospinal Fluid microRNAs in Primary Central Nervous System Lymphomas." Cancers 11, no. 11 (2019): 1647. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11111647.

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Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare, highly aggressive, extranodal form of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, predominantly diagnosed as primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system (CNS DLBCL). Fast and precise diagnosis of PCNSL is critical yet challenging. microRNAs, important regulators in physiology and pathology are potential biomarkers. In 131 patients with CNS DLBCL and with non-malignant brain lesions (n-ML), miR-21, miR-19b and miR-92a, miR-155, miR-196b, miR-let-7b, miR-125b, and miR-9 were examined by RT-qPCR in brain biopsy samples (formalin-fixed p

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Gandhi, Sangeetha, Grzegorz S. Nowakowski, Thomas M. Habermann, Kay M. Ristow, and Patrick Johnston. "Non-Diffuse Large B-Cell Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma." Blood 132, Supplement 1 (2018): 4208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2018-99-119741.

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Abstract Background: The majority of subjects with a diagnosis of primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCSNL) have diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as their histology. However, there are a sub-set of PCSNL patients who present with other histologies. This retrospective study was conducted to evaluate histological morphology, risk factors and clinical course in subjects with non-diffuse large B-cell primary CNS lymphoma. Methods: We used the Mayo Clinic Lymphoma Database to search for patients with PCSNL during the time period from January 1995 to June 2018. One hundred and fifty nine

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Ellin, Fredrik, Jenny Landström, Mats Jerkeman, and Thomas Relander. "Patterns of Central Nervous System Relapse in Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas – Population-Based Data from the Swedish Lymphoma Registry." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 1632. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.1632.1632.

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Abstract Introduction Disease relapse involving the central nervous system (CNS) carries a dismal prognosis in patients with aggressive lymphoma. Risk factors for CNS-relapse have included involvement of lymphoma at specific anatomical sites, proliferation rate and high tumor burden. The risk and importance of CNS-relapse in peripheral T-cell lymphomas (PTCL) has been very little studied. So far, the only study focusing on CNS-relapse in PTCL found elevated LDH and paranasal sinus involvement to be independent risk factors and that CNS-relapse was associated with an inferior survival. Recently

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