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Books on the topic 'Progressive weakness'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kussmaul, Adolf. On a previously undescribed peculiar arterial disease (Periarteritis nodosa), accompanied by Bright's disease and rapidly progressive general muscle weakness. Mayo Foundation, 1996.

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2

Kussmaul, Adolf. On a previous undescribed peculiar arterial disease (Periarteritis nodosa), accompanied by Bright's disease and rapidly progressive general muscle weakness. Mayo Foundation, 1996.

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3

Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 48-Year-Old with Progressive Weakness and Pain. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0005.

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Guillain-Barré syndrome may present in several ways, although predominant proximal weakness is a common feature of the disease to recognize. The differential diagnosis may be extensive and can include infection, vasculitis, toxin exposure, and malignancy. A lumbar puncture must be done with minimal delay to evaluate for cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) albuminocytological dissociation, however results may be normal early in the course of the disease. EMG/NCS are helpful to support the diagnosis, and early treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) is essential. This chapter discusses the clinic

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4

Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 55-Year-Old Female with Slowly Progressive Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0010.

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Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIPD) typically presents with both proximal and distal weakness, areflexia, and distal sensory findings. Two-thirds of patients have a progressive course over many months to years, however one-third of patients have a relapsing course with partial or complete recovery. It is important to be aware of several systemic disorders which may be associated with CIDP. Immunoglobulin M antibody–producing neuropathies have a monoclonal protein that is usually detected with serum protein electrophoresis, which may mimic CIDP. This chapter emphasizes the

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5

Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. An 18-Year-Old Male with Slowly Progressive Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0028.

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Slow progression of proximal weakness in an adult may suggest Becker muscular dystrophy, but limb-girdle muscular dystrophy needs to be considered. This chapter discusses a diagnostic approach that includes the utility of ever-evolving genetic tests. Electromyography is helpful in cases of suspected muscular dystrophy without a family history, if creatine kinase levels are low, or in evaluation of possible female carriers for BMD who are symptomatic. Management considerations are also outlined. A muscular dystrophy clinic with a multidisciplinary approach is helpful for coordination of care. A

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Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 35-Year-Old Man with Progressive Left-Hand Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0001.

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Multifocal motor neuropathy (MMN) may be mistaken for common entrapment neuropathies, although absence of significant sensory findings is a helpful clue to the diagnosis. Multifocal motor neuropathy may also mimic motor neuron disease. Electrophysiological evidence of conduction block at a nerve site not typically prone to compression is consistent with MMN. A positive anti-GM1 antibody also supports the diagnosis. First-line treatment of MMN is intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG), and the majority of patients have rapid improvement of their weakness. The clinical features, differential diagnosi

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Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 30-Year-Old Male Requiring Management of Progressive Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0006.

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Management of Guillain-Barré syndrome involves several factors. Pulmonary function tests are important to monitor. Telemetry and blood pressure must be monitored because of the significant risk of autonomic dysfunction. Intravenous immunoglobulin is the immunotherapy of choice for this disease, as it is less complicated to administer than plasma exchange. Supportive management issues to address include deep vein thrombosis prophylaxis, bowel/bladder care as ileus and urinary retention may be develop secondary to dysautonomia, physical/occupational/speech therapy consults, nutrition, and pain c

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8

Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 68-Year-Old Female with Progressive Pain and Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0027.

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Statin myopathy can occur at anytime during use. This chapter discusses an approach to diagnosis, and emphasizes management considerations, including awareness of statin metabolism by the cytochrome P-450 system. A statin must be discontinued in any patient with evidence of myopathy or myalgias. A muscle biopsy should be done in cases that do not improve clinically or by creatine kinase level. It is important to note that there are cases of apparent statin myopathy which transform into a chronic autoimmune inflammatory myopathy. Antibodies to hydroxymethylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductas

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9

Shaibani, Aziz. Distal Leg Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199898152.003.0016.

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Plantar flexion and/or extension weakness is usually neuromuscular in nature. Rarely, focal foot dystonia, ankle arthritis, and spasticity lead to diagnostic confusion. Painful sequential foot drop is a common feature of vasculitis. Preserved EDB bulk in the face of foot drop is a feature of myopathy. Progressive painless weakness of the foot flexion and extension with normal sensation and brisk deep tendon reflexes are typically seen in ALS. In patients with chronic bilateral foot drop, examination of the scapulae is essential to rule out scapuloperoneal syndrome and FSHD. In inflammatory neu

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Shaibani, Aziz. Distal Leg Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0016.

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Plantar flexion and extension weakness are usually neuromuscular in nature. Rarely, focal foot dystonia, ankle arthritis, and spasticity lead to diagnostic confusion. Painful, sequential foot drop is a common feature of vasculitis. Preserved extensor digitorum brevis (EDB) bulk in the face of foot drop is a feature of myopathy. Progressive, painless weakness of the foot flexion and extension with normal sensation and brisk deep tendon reflexes (DTRs) are typically seen in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). In patients with chronic, bilateral foot drop, examination of the scapulae is essentia

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11

Shaibani, Aziz. Distal Arm Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199898152.003.0015.

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Distal arm weakness may be caused by involvement of the intrinsic hand muscles (interossi, thenar and hypothenar muscles, lumbricals) or extrinsic hand muscles (long finger flexors and extensors). ALS is typical for the former type, and IBM is typical for the latter type. Incoordination of skilled finger movement due to cerebellar disease is associated with normal strength. Poor mobility due to joints pain and swelling should not be confused with muscle weakness. Mononeuropathies such as ulnar, radial, median, and AIN,lesions usually cause differential loss of function. Myasthenia sometimes ca

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Shaibani, Aziz. Distal Arm Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0015.

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Distal arm weakness may be caused by involvement of the intrinsic hand muscles (interossi, thenar and hypothenar muscles, lumbricals) or extrinsic hands muscles (long fingers flexors and extensors). Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is typical of the former type, and inclusion body myositis (IBM) is typical for the later type. Incoordination of skilled finger movement due to cerebellar disease is associated with normal strength. Poor mobility due to joint pain and swelling should not be confused with muscle weakness. Mononeuropathies such as ulnar, radial, median, and anterior interosseus ne

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13

Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson, and Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 56-Year-Old Woman with Small-Fiber Neuropathy and Progressive Leg Pain and Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0021.

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The sudden onset of leg weakness and pain may be mistaken for an acute lumbosacral radiculopathy due to a herniated disc. However, in diabetics it is also essential to consider the entity of Bruns-Farland syndrome, or diabetic lumbosacral plexopathy (DLSP). DLSP is uncommon compared with lumbosacral radiculopathy, so delays in diagnosis are the rule rather than the exception. In this chapter we present the clinical characteristics of DLSP and the key features that can help with making a prompt diagnosis. The use of nerve conduction studies and EMG for confirmation of DLSP is reviewed. Treatmen

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Shaibani, Aziz. Tongue Signs. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199898152.003.0006.

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The tongue is heavily innervated and plays a central role in articulation, swallowing, and tasting. Unilateral weakness is usually well tolerated. Intermittent weakness of the tongue is highly suspicious of myasthenia gravis, while progressive weakness and atrophy are typical for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis(ALS). Tongue weakness without atrophy or fasciculations is a sign of upper motor neuron or cerebellar involvement. Lingual dysarthria should be differentiated from other types of dysarthria. Tongue tremor is common and may be confused with fasciculations. Inspection of the tongue is often

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Kaplan, Tamara, and Tracey Milligan. Demyelinating Diseases 1: Multiple Sclerosis (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190650261.003.0013.

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The video in this chapter explores demyelinating diseases, and focuses on multiple sclerosis (MS). It discusses the causes of MS, its etiology, symptoms (optic neuritis, sensory changes, weakness, spasticity, and bowel and bladder dysfunction), and subtypes (relapsing remitting (RRMS), secondary progressive (SPMS), and primary progressive (PPMS)).

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Shaibani, Aziz. Tongue Signs. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0006.

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The tongue is heavily innervated and plays a central role in articulation, swallowing, and tasting. Unilateral weakness is usually well tolerated. Intermittent weakness of the tongue is highly indicative of myasthenia gravis (MG), while progressive weakness and atrophy is typical for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Tongue weakness without atrophy or fasciculations is a sign of upper motor neuron (UMN) or cerebellar involvement. Lingual dysarthria should be differentiated from other types of dysarthria. Tongue tremor is common and may be confused with fasciculation. Inspection of the tongu

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17

Turner, Martin R. Motor neuron disease. Edited by Patrick Davey and David Sprigings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0232.

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Motor neuron disease (MND) is characterized by progressive muscular weakness due to simultaneous degeneration of lower and upper motor neurons (L/UMNs). Involvement of LMNs, arising from the anterior horns of the spinal cord and brainstem, leads to secondary wasting as a result of muscle denervation. Involvement of the UMNs of the motor cortex and corticospinal tract results in spasticity. In ~85% of cases, there is clear clinical involvement of both, and the condition is termed ‘amyotrophic lateral sclerosis’ (ALS; a term often used synonymously with MND). In ~13% of cases, there may be only

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18

Brady, Stefen, and David Hilton-Jones. Muscular dystrophies and other genetic myopathies. Edited by Hector Chinoy and Robert Cooper. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754121.003.0006.

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Muscular dystrophies are a genetically and phenotypically heterogeneous group of progressive muscle diseases. Modern molecular genetic techniques have made it possible to clarify the genetic mutations responsible for most muscular dystrophies. Despite advances in genetics, the importance of the clinical history and physical examination has increased rather than diminished. It is only through correctly identifying the clinical features that the appropriate diagnostic investigations will be performed. Although muscular dystrophies are typically slowly progressive disorders in which muscle atroph

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19

Shaibani, Aziz. Scapular Winging. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199898152.003.0011.

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Scapulae play a central role in arms abduction, and their failure causes poor abduction despite preserved arm abductors (deltoids and supraspinati). A good knowledge of the anatomy of the scapulae and their muscles and nerves is necessary. Unilateral winging is usually due to nerve pathology, but frank asymmetry is also typical for FSHD. Progressive bilateral scapular winging is seen in many myopathies, including muscular dystrophies and scapuloperoneal syndromes. Weakness of different scapular muscles leads to different scapular positions during arm movement. When the underlying disease is no

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20

Murray, E. Lee, and Veda V. Vedanarayanan. Neuromuscular Disorders. Edited by Karl E. Misulis and E. Lee Murray. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259419.003.0021.

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The hospital neurologist may encounter neuromuscular disorders as known chronic conditions that are exacerbated by a hospital stay, be the principal reason for admission, or develop during a prolonged hospitalization. This chapter details the presentation, diagnosis, and management of conditions affecting the peripheral nerves and neuromuscular junction, such as myasthenia gravis, Lambert-Eaton (myasthenic) syndrome, botulism, and tick paralysis; as well as muscular weakness from various causes such as rhabdomyolysis, critical illness neuromyopathy, inflammatory myopathies, muscular dystrophie

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Shaibani, Aziz. Scapular Winging. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0011.

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Scapulae play a central role in arm abduction, and their failure causes poor abduction despite preserved arm abductors (deltoids and supraspinati). A good knowledge about the anatomy of the scapulae and their muscles and nerves is necessary. Unilateral winging is usually due to nerve pathology, but frank asymmetry is typical for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD). Progressive bilateral scapular winging is seen in many myopathies, including muscular dystrophy (MD) and scapuloperoneal syndrome (SPS). Weakness of different scapular muscles leads to different scapular positions during a

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22

Margot, Young. Part V Rights and Freedoms, B Rights and Freedoms under the Charter, Ch.37 Section 7: The Right to Life, Liberty, and Security of the Person. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780190664817.003.0037.

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Section 7 jurisprudence shows strong application of the rights to life, liberty, and security of the person to a range of state action and actors. However, courts have significantly limited the progressive potential of these rights through two doctrinal concerns: the negative/positive rights distinction and causation issues. The result is a bounded jurisprudence reflecting both the strengths and weakness of liberal legalism. In particular, claims targeting the twenty-first century crises of Canadian society—social and economic inequality, as well as environmental degradation—while meaningfully

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23

Hollak, Carla E. M. Approach to the Patient with Respiratory Signs and Symptoms. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0071.

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The respiratory system is frequently involved in inborn errors of metabolism, either primarily or secondary to severe systemic disease. In disorders with progressive neurological disease, recurrent chest infections are a result of aspiration. Patients with cachexia and muscle weakness can develop breathing difficulties. Metabolic acidosis causes tachypnea. These secondary problems, occurring in the context of a multisystem disease with prominent other features, are well covered elsewhere and are not discussed in this chapter. The focus of the current chapter is the adult patient who presents w

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Hollak, Carla E. M. Hematological Abnormalities. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0077.

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The respiratory system is frequently involved in inborn errors of metabolism, either primarily or secondary to severe systemic disease. In disorders with progressive neurological disease, recurrent chest infections are a result of aspiration. Patients with cachexia and muscle weakness can develop breathing difficulties. Metabolic acidosis causes tachypnea. These secondary problems, occurring in the context of a multisystem disease with prominent other features, are well covered elsewhere and are not discussed in this chapter. The focus of the current chapter is the adult patient who presents w

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25

Gladman, Matthew, and Lorne Zinman. Symptomatic Management in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0024.

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Although ALS remains an incurable disease, there are specific treatments that can significantly improve quality of life and some that can modify survival. Patients are best followed in multidisciplinary ALS clinics where a number of medical experts can address a wide range of symptoms. Additional studies are needed to develop evidenced-based best practice guidelines to further improve care for patients with ALS. Bulbar dysfunction eventually affects the vast majority of ALS patients, and progressive dysphagia results from weakness and spasticity of the muscles involved in swallowing. Dysphagia

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Machado, Pedro M. Inclusion body myositis. Edited by Hector Chinoy and Robert Cooper. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198754121.003.0011.

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Sporadic inclusion body myositis (IBM) is an acquired muscle disorder associated with ageing, for which there is no effective treatment. It is characterized by a typical early clinical phenotype with (often asymmetric) weakness of the knee extensors and finger flexors, potential involvement of pharyngeal and upper-oesophageal muscles (which may contribute to malnutrition and aspiration), and progressive and slow deterioration, which may lead to severe disability and loss of quality of life. Muscle biopsy shows chronic myopathic features, lymphocytic infiltration with invasion of non-necrotic f

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Thaisetthawatkul, Pariwat, and Eric Logigian. Guillain-Barré Syndrome and Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy in Pregnancy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190667351.003.0026.

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Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) and chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) are both immune-mediated diseases of the peripheral nervous system that typically present with symmetric, progressive muscle weakness, areflexia, and sensory symptoms or signs. GBS evolves rapidly with a nadir at 2–4 weeks usually with an antecedent viral illness, while CIDP progresses more slowly over months to years. GBS is sometimes complicated by life-threatening respiratory failure or dysautonomia. Onset of GBS and relapse of CIDP can occur during pregnancy or postpartum. But with appropriat

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28

van der Ploeg, Ans T., and Pascal Laforêt. Pompe Disease. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199972135.003.0055.

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Pompe disease, also named acid maltase deficiency and glycogen storage disease type II (GSDII), is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by the deficiency of the glycogen-degrading lysosomal enzyme acid α‎-glucosidase. The clinical spectrum of this disease is broad, varying from a lethal infantile-onset generalized myopathy including cardiomyopathy, to late-onset slowly progressive muscle weakness mimicking limb-girdle muscular dystrophy. Respiratory insufficiency is a frequent complication and the main cause of death. The prognosis of Pompe disease has changed considerably with the use o

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29

Berman, Jay S. Police Administration and Progressive Reform. Praeger, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400697623.

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Jay Stuart Berman has written a clear, useful, and persuasive book. Regardless of Theodore Roosevelt's precise role in police reform, this study sheds considerable light on a crucial period in the development of American law enforcement, and Berman's analysis of the important relationship between a Progressive reform and the birth of the modern police makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of the history of the police in America.Criminal Justice Review While recent research in criminal justice has made major contributions to the rapid advancements and changes that have occurred in

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30

Spinal Muscular Atrophy. Exon Publications, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/spinal-muscular-atrophy.

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Spinal Muscular Atrophy is a genetic condition that affects the nerves responsible for controlling muscles, leading to progressive muscle weakness and physical challenges. This article is a comprehensive guide designed to help patients, families, and caregivers understand the condition, its causes, and how it is managed. It begins with an introduction to what Spinal Muscular Atrophy is and provides detailed information about its prevalence and types, ranging from severe forms that affect infants to milder adult-onset types. The guide explains the genetic basis of the condition, focusing on the

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Tay-Sachs Disease. Exon Publications, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.36255/tay-sachs-disease.

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Tay-Sachs Disease is a rare genetic disorder that causes progressive damage to the nervous system, primarily affecting infants and young children. This article begins by explaining the genetic cause of the disease, which involves mutations in the HEXA gene leading to the absence of beta-hexosaminidase A, an enzyme essential for breaking down fatty substances in the brain. It describes the symptoms of the condition, including developmental delays, muscle weakness, vision and hearing loss, and seizures. The diagnostic process is explained, highlighting the role of enzyme testing, genetic analysi

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32

Maegawa, Gustavo H. B. Lysosomal Storage Disorders. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199937837.003.0068.

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The lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs) are a group of inborn organelle disorders, clinically heterogeneous, and biochemically characterized by accumulation of nondegraded macromolecules primarily in the lysosomal and other cellular compartments. Given the common and essential cellular function of the lysosomal system in different organs and systems, patients afflicted with these disorders present a broad range of clinical problems, including neurological problems, visceromegaly, and skeletal deformities. Onset of symptoms may range from fetal period to adulthood. The neurological problems incl

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Rafferty, Gerrard, and John Moxham. Assessment of Peripheral and Respiratory Muscle Strength in ICU. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0047.

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Skeletal muscle weakness affecting the respiratory and peripheral muscles is common in critically ill patients and can lead to difficulties in weaning, prolonged ICU admission, and significant morbidity in survivors. A number of techniques can be used to assess muscle strength. In the peripheral muscles, volitional techniques employing scoring systems or portable hand dynamometers are relatively simple and quick to use, requiring little or no specialist equipment. Such techniques can, however, only be applied to conscious and cooperative patients, preventing assessment of muscle weakness in ma

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Gosselink, R., and J. Roeseler. Physiotherapy in critically ill patients. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0033.

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Physiotherapists are involved in the management of patients with critical illness. Physiotherapy assessment of critically ill patients is less driven by medical diagnosis; instead, there is a strong focus on deficiencies at a pathophysiological and functional level. An accurate and valid assessment of respiratory conditions (retained airway secretions, atelectasis, and respiratory muscle weakness), physical deconditioning, and related problems (muscle weakness, joint stiffness, impaired functional exercise capacity, physical inactivity, and emotional function) allows the identifying of targets

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Gosselink, R., and J. Roeseler. Physiotherapy in critically ill patients. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0033_update_001.

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Physiotherapists are involved in the management of patients with critical illness. Physiotherapy assessment of critically ill patients is less driven by medical diagnosis; instead, there is a strong focus on deficiencies at a pathophysiological and functional level. An accurate and valid assessment of respiratory conditions (retained airway secretions, atelectasis, and respiratory muscle weakness), physical deconditioning, and related problems (muscle weakness, joint stiffness, impaired functional exercise capacity, physical inactivity, and emotional function) allows the identifying of targets

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Herndon, Robert M. Outcome Measures in Multiple Sclerosis. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199341016.003.0011.

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This chapter discusses the challenges involved in measuring disease activity and progression in multiple sclerosis and how different aspects of the disease are measured in clinical trials. Metrics have been developed to assess multiple aspects of the disease., These include, in addition to more global instruments, measures of specific functions such as, cognition, mobility, quality of life, fatigue, and so on. These scales are discussed along with their strengths and weaknesses.

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Jordan, Nancy C., Lynn S. Fuchs, and Nancy Dyson. Early Number Competencies and Mathematical Learning. Edited by Roi Cohen Kadosh and Ann Dowker. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642342.013.010.

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Early number competencies predict later mathematical learning. Weaknesses in number, number relations, and number operations can be reliably identified before school entry in first grade. Income status, associated early home and preschool opportunities, and general cognitive capacity all influence children’s level of numerical knowledge. Interventions based on a developmental progression and targeted to specific areas of number, such as the ability to count and sequence numbers, compare numerical quantities, and add and subtract small quantities, have shown positive, meaningful, and lasting ef

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Hopko, Derek R., Crystal C. McIndoo, Michael Gawrysiak, and Stevie Grassetti. Psychosocial Interventions for Depressed Breast Cancer Patients. Edited by C. Steven Richards and Michael W. O'Hara. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199797004.013.004.

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Clinical depression affects many people and is associated with several risk factors that include being diagnosed with a serious medical illness such as breast cancer. Objectives of this chapter were to elucidate the prevalence of depression in breast cancer patients, the impact of depression as it pertains to life functioning and quality of life, highlight the bidirectional relationship of breast cancer and depression, outline assessment strategies and measurement issues relevant to assessing depression, and review the treatment outcome literature addressing the efficacy of psychosocial interv

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Chan, Alfred L. Xi Jinping. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197615225.001.0001.

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This book, in one convenient volume, is the first comprehensive exploration of all episodes of Xi Jinping’s (b. 1953) life history and his political career, begun at age seventeen. Part I explores Xi’s formative childhood and youth experience as well as his governance record spanning every administrative level from the village to the capital. Part II focuses on Xi’s first five-year term as general secretary (2012–2017) and as president (2013–2018). The book discusses all major issues, including Xi’s legitimacy building, consolidation of power, ideological redefinition, party rectification, ant

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Raggi, Paolo, and Luis D’Marco. Imaging for detection of vascular disease in chronic kidney disease patients. Edited by David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0116.

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The well-known severity of cardiovascular disease in patients suffering from chronic kidney disease (CKD) requires an accurate risk stratification of these patients in several clinical situations. Imaging has been used successfully for such purpose in the general population and it has demonstrated excellent potential among CKD patients as well. Two main forms of arterial pathology develop in patients with CKD: atherosclerosis, with accumulation of inflammatory cells, lipids, fibrous tissue and calcium in the subintimal space, and arteriosclerosis. The latter is characterized by accumulation of

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41

Yang, Dali L. Wuhan. Oxford University PressNew York, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197756263.001.0001.

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Abstract Dali L. Yang’s Wuhan offers a penetrating study of China’s management of the COVID-19 outbreak in Wuhan, a momentous event that has reverberated globally as the most severe pandemic in a century. Yang’s work sheds light on the advantage Chinese health decision makers had, including access to the novel coronavirus’s genomic sequences from several laboratories, as early as the end of December 2019. At this time an emergency action program was initiated to combat the burgeoning outbreak in Wuhan. Regrettably, the severity of the outbreak was grossly underestimated, leading to the adoptio

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42

Kenworthy, Lane. Social Democratic America. Oxford University PressNew York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199322510.001.0001.

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Abstract For decades, scholars and commentators have differentiated the US from Europe by pointing to the relative weakness of the American social welfare state. European social democracies--particularly the Nordic ones--have erected broad and deep social insurance systems to buffer the effects of the capitalist marketplace, and as consequence virtually all citizens have access to housing, health care, and transfer payments that alleviate the effects of unemployment/underemployment. In combination, these policies have made Northern European societies among the most comfortable and egalitarian

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