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1

ATROSHI, F., J. PARANTAINEN, S. SANKARI, and T. ÖSTERMAN. "Prostaglandins and glutathione peroxidase in bovine mastitis." Research in Veterinary Science 40, no. 3 (1986): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0034-5288(18)30551-4.

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2

Uchida, Koji. "Induction of glutathione S-transferase by prostaglandins." Mechanisms of Ageing and Development 116, no. 2-3 (2000): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0047-6374(00)00129-9.

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3

Xun, Luying, Sara M. Belchik, Randy Xun, et al. "S-Glutathionyl-(chloro)hydroquinone reductases: a novel class of glutathione transferases." Biochemical Journal 428, no. 3 (2010): 419–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20091863.

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Sphingobium chlorophenolicum completely mineralizes PCP (pentachlorophenol). Two GSTs (glutathione transferases), PcpC and PcpF, are involved in the degradation. PcpC uses GSH to reduce TeCH (tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone) to TriCH (trichloro-p-hydroquinone) and then to DiCH (dichloro-p-hydroquinone) during PCP degradation. However, oxidatively damaged PcpC produces GS-TriCH (S-glutathionyl-TriCH) and GS-DiCH (S-glutathionyl-TriCH) conjugates. PcpF converts the conjugates into TriCH and DiCH, re-entering the degradation pathway. PcpF was further characterized in the present study. It catalysed GS
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4

Green, Abigail R., Robert P. Hayes, Luying Xun, and ChulHee Kang. "Structural Understanding of the Glutathione-dependent Reduction Mechanism of Glutathionyl-Hydroquinone Reductases." Journal of Biological Chemistry 287, no. 43 (2012): 35838–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m112.395541.

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5

Puckett-Vaughn, DeAnna L., Julie A. Stenken, Dennis O. Scott, Susan M. Lunte, and Craig E. Lunte. "Enzymatic formation and electrochemical characterization of multiply substituted glutathione conjugates of hydroquinone." Life Sciences 52, no. 14 (1993): 1239–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(93)90107-e.

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6

Huang, Yan, Randy Xun, Guanjun Chen, and Luying Xun. "Maintenance Role of a Glutathionyl-Hydroquinone Lyase (PcpF) in Pentachlorophenol Degradation by Sphingobium chlorophenolicum ATCC 39723." Journal of Bacteriology 190, no. 23 (2008): 7595–600. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.00489-08.

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ABSTRACT Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a toxic pollutant. Its biodegradation has been extensively studied in Sphingobium chlorophenolicum ATCC 39723. All enzymes required to convert PCP to a common metabolic intermediate before entering the tricarboxylic acid cycle have been characterized. One of the enzymes is tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone (TeCH) reductive dehalogenase (PcpC), which is a glutathione (GSH) S-transferase (GST). PcpC catalyzes the GSH-dependent conversion of TeCH to trichloro-p-hydroquinone (TriCH) and then to dichloro-p-hydroquinone (DiCH) in the PCP degradation pathway. PcpC is susc
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7

Solecki, Gergely Morten, Isabel Anna Maria Groh, Julia Kajzar, et al. "Genotoxic Properties of Cyclopentenone Prostaglandins and the Onset of Glutathione Depletion." Chemical Research in Toxicology 26, no. 2 (2013): 252–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx300435p.

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8

Low, Lawrence K., Charles E. Lambert, J. Ralph Meeks, Paul A. Naro, and Carl R. Mackerer. "Tissue-Specific Metabolism of Benzene in Zymbal Gland and Other Solid Tumor Target Tissues in Rats." Journal of the American College of Toxicology 14, no. 1 (1995): 40–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10915819509008680.

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In vitro studies were carried out to investigate whether target organ susceptibility to benzene-induced solid tumor formation is governed by tissue-specific differences in metabolism. The ability of several target and nontarget tissues to deconjugate and conjugate polar metabolites, to metabolize benzene to phenolic metabolites, to carry out peroxidative biotransformations, and to trap tissue glutathione was evaluated. The Zymbal gland, the organ most sensitive to benzene-induced tumorigenicity, showed extensive phenyl- and aryl-sulfatase activity but no phenol sulfoconjugating activity. Simil
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9

Hayes, John D., Jack U. Flanagan, and Ian R. Jowsey. "GLUTATHIONE TRANSFERASES." Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology 45, no. 1 (2005): 51–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pharmtox.45.120403.095857.

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This review describes the three mammalian glutathione transferase (GST) families, namely cytosolic, mitochondrial, and microsomal GST, the latter now designated MAPEG. Besides detoxifying electrophilic xenobiotics, such as chemical carcinogens, environmental pollutants, and antitumor agents, these transferases inactivate endogenous α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, quinones, epoxides, and hydroperoxides formed as secondary metabolites during oxidative stress. These enzymes are also intimately involved in the biosynthesis of leukotrienes, prostaglandins, testosterone, and progesterone, as well as the
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10

Sunkara, Hari Priya, Krishna Rajesh Kilaru, Adusumilli Pramod Kumar, Hari Babu Ramineni, and Puvvada Rahul Krishna. "A case report on hydroquinone induced exogenous ochronosis." International Journal of Advances in Medicine 7, no. 2 (2020): 337. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20200091.

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Exogenous ochronosis is an infrequent skin disorder characterised by bluish-black or grayish brown pigmentation on dermis. It is the most common condition caused due to long term application of Hydroquinone skin preparations for melasma, skin brightening, cholasma, acne induced pigmentation etc. This report refers to a case of 39-year-old female patient who presented to the hospital with chief complaints of progressive formation of dark lesions over face, neck since one and half-year. She had history of usage of hydroquinone (4%) cream for skin brightening for a period of three months. Based o
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11

Brechbuhl, Heather M., Elysia Min, Chirag Kariya, Barbara Frederick, David Raben, and Brian J. Day. "Select cyclopentenone prostaglandins trigger glutathione efflux and the role of ABCG2 transport." Free Radical Biology and Medicine 47, no. 6 (2009): 722–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2009.06.005.

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12

Belchik, Sara M., and Luying Xun. "S-glutathionyl-(chloro)hydroquinone reductases: a new class of glutathione transferases functioning as oxidoreductases." Drug Metabolism Reviews 43, no. 2 (2011): 307–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03602532.2011.552909.

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13

Hill, B. A., K. L. Davison, D. M. Dulik, T. J. Monks, and S. S. Lau. "Metabolism of 2-(Glutathione-S-yl)Hydroquinone and 2,3,5-(Triglutathion-S-yl)Hydroquinone in the in Situ Perfused Rat Kidney: Relationship to Nephrotoxicity." Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 129, no. 1 (1994): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/taap.1994.1235.

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14

Kondo, Mitsuhiro, Tomoko Oya-Ito, Takeshi Kumagai, Toshihiko Osawa, and Koji Uchida. "Cyclopentenone Prostaglandins as Potential Inducers of Intracellular Oxidative Stress." Journal of Biological Chemistry 276, no. 15 (2001): 12076–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m009630200.

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In the present study, we find that cyclopentenone prostaglandins (PGs) of the J2series, naturally occurring derivatives of PGD2, are potential inducers of intracellular oxidative stress that mediates cell degeneration. Based on an extensive screening of diverse chemical agents on induction of intracellular production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), we found that the cyclopentenone PGs, such as PGA2, PGJ2, Δ12-PGJ2, and 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2, showed the most potent pro-oxidant effect on SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. As the intracellular events that mediate the PG cytotoxicity, we observed
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15

Sakuma, Satoru, Ikuo Yamamoto, Yohko Fujimoto, and Tadashi Fujita. "Inhibition of the metabolism of prostaglandins in rabbit kidney cortex by glutathione disulfide." Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 58 (1992): 384. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-5198(19)49646-7.

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16

Mertens, J. J. W. M., N. W. Gibson, S. S. Lau, and T. J. Monks. "Reactive Oxygen Species and DNA Damage in 2-Bromo-(glutathione-S-yl) hydroquinone-Mediated Cytotoxicity." Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 320, no. 1 (1995): 51–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/abbi.1995.1341.

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17

Cadenas, Enrique. "Effect of superoxide dismutase on hydroquinone autoxidation during DT-diaphorase catalysis and glutathione reductive addition." Free Radical Biology and Medicine 9 (January 1990): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0891-5849(90)90626-t.

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18

Hebert, Hans, Ingeborg Schmidt-Krey, Kaoru Mitsuoka, et al. "Electron Crystallography of a Small Membrane-Bound Enzyme, Microsomal Glutathione Transferase." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (2000): 232–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600033651.

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Microsomal glutathione transferase 1, MGST1, belongs to a recently characterised superfamily named MAPEG (membrane associated proteins in eicosanoid and glutathione metabolism) which has evolved divergent functions to protect against reactive lipid intermediates (lipid hydroperoxides and hydroxyalkenals) or indeed harness these molecules for key physiological functions (leukotrienes and prostaglandins). The most thoroughly studied member of this superfamily is MGST1 which is an abundant detoxication enzyme displaying both glutathione transferase and peroxidase activities.The MGST1 monomer has
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19

Nishizawa, Chiho, Keizo Takeshita, Jun-ichi Ueda, Ikuo Nakanishi, Kazuo T. Suzuki, and Toshihiko Ozawa. "Reaction ofpara-hydroxybenzoic acid esters with singlet oxygen in the presence of glutathione produces glutathione conjugates of hydroquinone, potent inducers of oxidative stress." Free Radical Research 40, no. 3 (2006): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10715760500485036.

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20

Margalit, Alon, Scott D. Hauser, Ben S. Zweifel, Melissa A. Anderson, and Peter C. Isakson. "Regulation of prostaglandin biosynthesis in vivo by glutathione." American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 274, no. 2 (1998): R294—R302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1998.274.2.r294.

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Intraperitoneal administration of urate crystals to mice reduced subsequent macrophage conversion of arachidonic acid (AA) to prostaglandins (PGs) and 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid for up to 6 h. In contrast, levels of 12-hydroxyheptadecatrienoic acid (12-HHT) were markedly elevated. This metabolic profile was previously observed in vitro when recombinant cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes were incubated with reduced glutathione (GSH). Analysis of peritoneal GSH levels revealed a fivefold elevation after urate crystal administration. The GSH synthesis inhibitorl-buthionine-[ S, R]-sulfoximine part
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21

Lam, L. K. Metthew, Zhicheng Zhang, Philip G. Board, and Luying Xun. "Reduction of Benzoquinones to Hydroquinones via Spontaneous Reaction with Glutathione and Enzymatic Reaction byS-Glutathionyl-Hydroquinone Reductases." Biochemistry 51, no. 25 (2012): 5014–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi300477z.

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22

Whalen, Kristen E., Amy L. Lane, Julia Kubanek, and Mark E. Hahn. "Biochemical Warfare on the Reef: The Role of Glutathione Transferases in Consumer Tolerance of Dietary Prostaglandins." PLoS ONE 5, no. 1 (2010): e8537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008537.

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23

Li, Yunbo, Amalia Lafuente, and Michael A. Trush. "Characterization of quinone reductase, glutathione and glutathione s-transferase in human myeloid cell lines: Induction by 1,2-dithiole-3-thione and effects on hydroquinone- induced cytotoxicity." Life Sciences 54, no. 13 (1994): 901–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0024-3205(94)00626-1.

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24

Benvidi, Ali, Parisa Dehghan, Afsaneh Dehghani-Firouzabadi, Hamideh Emtiazi, Hamid R. Zare, and Mohammad Mazloum-Ardakani. "Construction of a nanocomposite sensor by the modification of a carbon-paste electrode with reduced graphene oxide and a hydroquinone derivative: simultaneous determination of glutathione and penicillamine." Analytical Methods 7, no. 13 (2015): 5538–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5ay00549c.

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25

Han, Qian, Fang Zhou, Yue Wang, et al. "A Redox-Switchable Colorimetric Probe for “Naked-Eye” Detection of Hypochlorous Acid and Glutathione." Molecules 24, no. 13 (2019): 2455. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24132455.

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We report the development of a new colorimetric probe (L-ol) for investigations of the redox process regulated by hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and glutathione (GSH). The HOCl/GSH redox-switching cycle process was investigated in detail by UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, colorimetric analysis assay and high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS). The switchable absorbance responses were attributed to the HOCl-induced oxidation of the p-methoxyphenol unit to the benzoquinone derivative (L-one) and sequential reduction of L-one to hydroquinone (L-ol’) by GSH. In phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) buffer, t
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26

Sánchez-Gómez, Francisco J., Beatriz Díez-Dacal, María A. Pajares, Oscar Llorca, and Dolores Pérez-Sala. "Cyclopentenone Prostaglandins with Dienone Structure Promote Cross-Linking of the Chemoresistance-Inducing Enzyme Glutathione Transferase P1-1." Molecular Pharmacology 78, no. 4 (2010): 723–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1124/mol.110.065391.

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27

Gayarre, Javier, Konstantinos Stamatakis, Marta Renedo та Dolores Pérez-Sala. "Differential selectivity of protein modification by the cyclopentenone prostaglandins PGA1and 15-deoxy-Δ12,14-PGJ2: Role of glutathione". FEBS Letters 579, № 25 (2005): 5803–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.febslet.2005.09.069.

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28

Xun, L., E. Topp, and C. S. Orser. "Glutathione is the reducing agent for the reductive dehalogenation of tetrachloro-p-hydroquinone by extracts from a Flavobacterium sp." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 182, no. 1 (1992): 361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-291x(05)80153-6.

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29

Shamsipur, Mojtaba, Sayed Habib Kazemi, Abdolhamid Alizadeh, Mir Fazlollah Mousavi, and Mark S. Workentin. "Self-assembled monolayers of a hydroquinone-terminated alkanethiol onto gold surface. Interfacial electrochemistry and Michael-addition reaction with glutathione." Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry 610, no. 2 (2007): 218–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jelechem.2007.07.014.

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30

Miyauchi, Keisuke, Seug-Kyo Suh, Yuji Nagata та Masamichi Takagi. "Cloning and Sequencing of a 2,5-Dichlorohydroquinone Reductive Dehalogenase Gene Whose Product Is Involved in Degradation of γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane by Sphingomonas paucimobilis". Journal of Bacteriology 180, № 6 (1998): 1354–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.180.6.1354-1359.1998.

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ABSTRACT Sphingomonas (formerly Pseudomonas)paucimobilis UT26 utilizes γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (γ-HCH), a halogenated organic insecticide, as a sole carbon and energy source. In a previous study, we showed that γ-HCH is degraded to 2,5-dichlorohydroquinone (2,5-DCHQ) (Y. Nagata, R. Ohtomo, K. Miyauchi, M. Fukuda, K. Yano, and M. Takagi, J. Bacteriol. 176:3117–3125, 1994). In the present study, we cloned and characterized a gene, designated linD, directly involved in the degradation of 2,5-DCHQ. The linD gene encodes a peptide of 343 amino acids and has a low level of similarity to proteins whi
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31

Ousji, Ons, and Lekha Sleno. "Identification of In Vitro Metabolites of Synthetic Phenolic Antioxidants BHT, BHA, and TBHQ by LC-HRMS/MS." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 24 (2020): 9525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21249525.

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Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and its analogs, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA) and tert-butyl-hydroquinone (TBHQ), are widely used synthetic preservatives to inhibit lipid oxidation in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries. Despite their widespread use, little is known about their human exposure and related biotransformation products. The metabolism of these compounds was investigated using in vitro incubations with human and rat liver fractions. Liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry was employed to detect and characterize stable and reactive spec
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32

Sanchez-Ferrer, C. F., J. C. Burnett, R. R. Lorenz, and P. M. Vanhoutte. "Possible modulation of release of atrial natriuretic factor by endothelium-derived relaxing factor." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 259, no. 3 (1990): H982—H986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.259.3.h982.

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The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of inhibitors of endothelium-dependent relaxing factor on the release of atrial natriuretic factor from isolated rat atria. Electrical stimulation of the tissue produced a frequency-dependent increase in secretion of atriopeptide from basal levels. Saponin (0.3 mg/ml for 45 min) augmented the basal release of the peptide. Methylene blue (10(-5)M), oxyhemoglobin (10(-6)M), or hydroquinone (10(-5)M), agents that inhibit the effects of endothelium-derived relaxing factor by different mechanisms, caused an increase in the basal secretio
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33

Twerdok, Lorranine E., Stephen J. Rembish, and Michael A. Trush. "Induction of quinone reductase and glutathione in bone marrow cells by 1,2-dithiole-3-thione: Effect on hydroquinone-induced cytotoxicity." Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology 112, no. 2 (1992): 273–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0041-008x(92)90197-z.

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34

Haenen, H. E. M. G., E. Bleijlevens, H. Elzerman, J. H. M. Temmink, J. H. Koeman, and P. J. Van Bladeren. "Cytotoxicity of 2-tert-butyl hydroquinone glutathione conjugates after apical and basolateral exposure of rat renal proximal tubular cell monolayers." Toxicology in Vitro 10, no. 2 (1996): 141–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0887-2333(95)00116-6.

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35

Erve, John C. L., Mats A. Svensson, Hans von Euler-Chelpin, and Eva Klasson-Wehler. "Characterization of Glutathione Conjugates of the Remoxipride Hydroquinone Metabolite NCQ-344 Formed in Vitro and Detection following Oxidation by Human Neutrophils." Chemical Research in Toxicology 17, no. 4 (2004): 564–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx034238n.

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36

ISHIKAWA, Toshihisa, Kunihiro AKIMARU, Makoto NAKANISHI, et al. "Anti-cancer-prostaglandin-induced cell-cycle arrest and its modulation by an inhibitor of the ATP-dependent glutathione S-conjugate export pump (GS-X pump)." Biochemical Journal 336, no. 3 (1998): 569–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3360569.

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The A and J series of prostaglandins (PGs) accumulate in the nuclei to suppress the proliferation of cancer cells. Here we report that Δ7-PGA1 methyl ester, a synthetic anti-cancer PG, increased the level of mRNA for the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21 in human leukaemia HL-60 cells. The induction of p21 was associated with the accumulation of hypophosphorylated retinoblastoma protein (pRB) and the suppression of c-myc gene expression. Since the p53 gene is deleted in HL-60 cells, the anti-cancer PG is suggested to inhibit cancer cell growth by inducing p21 via a p53-independent pathway.
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37

Ordoñez, I. D., and E. Cadenas. "Thiol oxidation coupled to DT-diaphorase-catalysed reduction of diaziquone. Reductive and oxidative pathways of diaziquone semiquinone modulated by glutathione and superoxide dismutase." Biochemical Journal 286, no. 2 (1992): 481–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2860481.

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DT-diaphorase [NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase; EC 1.6.99.2] catalysed the two-electron reduction of the anti-tumour quinone 2,5-bis-(1-aziridinyl)-3,6-bis(ethoxycarbonylamino)-1,4-benzoquino ne (AZQ) to the hydroquinone form (AZQH2). Although DT-diaphorase catalysis of AZQ was not significantly affected by pH, the hydroquinone product was effectively stabilized by protonation at pH values below 7, whereas, above that pH, hyroquinone autoxidation, evaluated in terms of H2O2 production, increased exponentially. The autoxidation of AZQH2 entailed the formation of diverse radicals, such as O2-.,HO
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38

Bratton, Shawn B., Serrine S. Lau, and Terrence J. Monks. "The Putative Benzene Metabolite 2,3,5-Tris(glutathion-S-yl)hydroquinone Depletes Glutathione, Stimulates Sphingomyelin Turnover, and Induces Apoptosis in HL-60 Cells." Chemical Research in Toxicology 13, no. 7 (2000): 550–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/tx0000015.

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39

van Ommen, Ben, Arjen Koster, Hans Verhagen, and Peter J. van Bladeren. "The glutathione conjugates of tert-butyl hydroquinone as potent redox cycling agents and possible reactive agents underlying the toxicity of butylated hydroxyanisole." Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 189, no. 1 (1992): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0006-291x(92)91559-9.

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40

Al-Matubsi, Hisham Y., Ghaleb A. Oriquat, Mahmoud Abu-Samak, Othman A. Al Hanbali та Maher D. Salim. "Effects of Lipoic Acid Supplementation on Activities of Cyclooxygenases and Levels of Prostaglandins E2and F2αMetabolites, in the Offspring of Rats with Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes". Journal of Diabetes Research 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9354937.

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Background.Our aim was to evaluate the protective effect of lipoic acid (LA) on fetal outcome of diabetic mothers.Methods.Diabetes was induced in female rats using streptozotocin and rats were made pregnant. Pregnant control (group 1;n=9; and group 2;n=7) or pregnant diabetic (group 3;n=10; and group 4;n=8) rats were treated daily with either LA (groups 2 and 4) or vehicle (groups 1 and 3) between gestational days 0 and 15. On day 15 of gestation, the fetuses, placentas, and membranes were dissected, examined morphologically, and then homogenized, to measure cyclooxygenase (COX) activities and
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41

Farooqui, Tahira, and Akhlaq A. Farooqui. "Lipid-Mediated Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in the Pathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease." Parkinson's Disease 2011 (2011): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4061/2011/247467.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative movement disorder of unknown etiology. PD is characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra, depletion of dopamine in the striatum, abnormal mitochondrial and proteasomal functions, and accumulation ofα-synuclein that may be closely associated with pathological and clinical abnormalities. Increasing evidence indicates that both oxidative stress and inflammation may play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of PD. Oxidative stress is characterized by increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and depletion o
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42

KOSS, GÜNTER, MARGA LOSEKAM, JUTTA SEIDEL, KLAUS STEINBACH, and WOLFGANG KORANSKY. "Inhibitory Effect of Tetrachloro-p-Hydroquinone and Other Metabolites of Hexachlorobenzene on Hepatic Uroporphyrinogen Decarboxylase Activity with Reference to the Role of Glutathione." Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 514, no. 1 Mechanisms of (1987): 148–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb48769.x.

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43

Gerhart, Allyson K., and David M. Janz. "Toxicity of Aqueous L-Selenomethionine and Tert-Butyl Hydroperoxide Exposure to Zebrafish (Danio rerio) Embryos Following Tert-Butyl Hydroquinone Treatment." Toxics 7, no. 3 (2019): 44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics7030044.

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Aqueous L-selenomethionine (SeMet) embryo exposures represent a rapid and simplified method for investigating the embryotoxic effects of SeMet. Using zebrafish (Danio rerio) as a model organism, the objective of the present study was to characterize the effects of waterborne exposure to both SeMet and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (tBOOH) to early life stages of zebrafish pre-treated with the antioxidant tert-butyl hydroquinone (tBHQ) in an attempt to investigate the mechanism of Se toxicity as it relates to oxidative stress. During the initial concentration range finding experiment, recently ferti
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Banning, Antje, Stefanie Deubel, Dirk Kluth, Zewen Zhou, and Regina Brigelius-Flohé. "The GI-GPx Gene Is a Target for Nrf2." Molecular and Cellular Biology 25, no. 12 (2005): 4914–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mcb.25.12.4914-4923.2005.

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ABSTRACT The gastrointestinal glutathione peroxidase (GI-GPx, GPx2) is a selenoprotein that was suggested to act as barrier against hydroperoxide absorption but has also been implicated in the control of inflammation and malignant growth. In CaCo-2 cells, GI-GPx was induced by t-butyl hydroquinone (tBHQ) and sulforaphane (SFN), i.e., “antioxidants” known to activate the “antioxidant response element” (ARE) via electrophilic thiol modification of Keap1 in the Nrf2/Keap1 system. The functional significance of a putative ARE in the GI-GPx promoter was validated by transcriptional activation of re
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Venkova, K., and J. Krier. "A nitric oxide and prostaglandin-dependent component of NANC off-contractions in cat colon." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 266, no. 1 (1994): G40—G47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.1994.266.1.g40.

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The actions of NO synthase inhibitors and indomethacin, a cyclooxygenase inhibitor, on the nonadrenergic noncholinergic (NANC) mechanical responses of cat distal colon were studied in vitro using muscle strips orientated in the axis of the longitudinal muscle layer with pelvic nerves attached. Electrical field stimulation (EFS) or pelvic nerve stimulation (PNS) caused inhibition of spontaneous contractions followed by off-contractions. Indomethacin (10-30 microM) caused concentration-dependent reductions in amplitude and duration of EFS- and PNS-evoked off-contractions but not latency. The NO
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Kasraee, Behrooz, Farhad Handjani, and Fatemeh S. Aslani. "Enhancement of the Depigmenting Effect of Hydroquinone and 4-Hydroxyanisole by All-Trans-Retinoic Acid (Tretinoin): The Impairment of Glutathione-Dependent Cytoprotection?" Dermatology 206, no. 4 (2003): 289–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000069938.

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Sánchez-Gómez, Francisco J., Javier Gayarre, M. Isabel Avellano, and Dolores Pérez-Sala. "Direct evidence for the covalent modification of glutathione-S-transferase P1-1 by electrophilic prostaglandins: Implications for enzyme inactivation and cell survival." Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 457, no. 2 (2007): 150–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.abb.2006.10.032.

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Chen, Hung-Lin, Junko Kasuya, Patrick Lansdon, et al. "Reduced Function of the Glutathione S-Transferase S1 Suppresses Behavioral Hyperexcitability in Drosophila Expressing Mutant Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels." G3: Genes|Genomes|Genetics 10, no. 4 (2020): 1327–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1534/g3.119.401025.

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Voltage-gated sodium (Nav) channels play a central role in the generation and propagation of action potentials in excitable cells such as neurons and muscles. To determine how the phenotypes of Nav-channel mutants are affected by other genes, we performed a forward genetic screen for dominant modifiers of the seizure-prone, gain-of-function Drosophila melanogaster Nav-channel mutant, paraShu. Our analyses using chromosome deficiencies, gene-specific RNA interference, and single-gene mutants revealed that a null allele of glutathione S-transferase S1 (GstS1) dominantly suppresses paraShu phenot
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Kumar, Kunwar Manoj, Amit Kumar Pandey, Aayushi Mohan, and Surya Kant Ojha. "Role of different topical modalities in improvement of facial hyperpigmentation and skin rejuvenation." International Journal of Research in Dermatology 5, no. 4 (2019): 861. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/issn.2455-4529.intjresdermatol20194683.

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<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> Facial hypermelanosis is a psychologically stressful condition for modern men and women who are cosmetically more conscious than their ancestors. There are various lightening agent used for several months before effect becomes apparent and are much more effective when pigment is epidermal. these topical agents include hydroquinone, liquorice derivatives niacinamide, glycolic acid, arbutin and deoxyarbutin, ascorbic acid, 4-n-butyl resorcinol, retinoids topical steroids mequinol, kojic acid, azelaic acid, 5% tranexmic acid, glut
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Steinmeier, Johann, Sophie Kube, Gabriele Karger, Eric Ehrke та Ralf Dringen. "β-Lapachone Induces Acute Oxidative Stress in Rat Primary Astrocyte Cultures that is Terminated by the NQO1-Inhibitor Dicoumarol". Neurochemical Research 45, № 10 (2020): 2442–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11064-020-03104-0.

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Abstract β-lapachone (β-lap) is reduced in tumor cells by the enzyme NAD(P)H: quinone acceptor oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) to a labile hydroquinone which spontaneously reoxidises to β-lap, thereby generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative stress. To test for the consequences of an acute exposure of brain cells to β-lap, cultured primary rat astrocytes were incubated with β-lap for up to 4 h. The presence of β-lap in concentrations of up to 10 µM had no detectable adverse consequences, while higher concentrations of β-lap compromised the cell viability and the metabolism of astrocytes
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