Academic literature on the topic 'Psychiatric adverse effect'
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Journal articles on the topic "Psychiatric adverse effect"
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Joo, Sung Woo, Young-Gi Min, Sang-Cheon Choi, and Eun Jung Park. "The Intoxication of Beta Blocker with Psychiatric Drugs Focused on the Cardiovascular Adverse Effects." Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology 14, no. 2 (2016): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.22537/jksct.14.2.100.
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Purpose: Beta blocker (BB) has been prescribed for anxiety and panic disorder. Patients intoxicated by psychiatric drugs have often been exposed to BB. Moreover, BB overdose has adverse effects including cardiovascular effects, which can be life-threatening. This study was conducted to identify the characteristics of BB intoxication with psychiatric drugs and the adverse effects on the cardiovascular system. Methods: A single center, retrospective study was performed from January 2010 to December 2015. A total of 4,192 patients visited the emergency department (ED) with intoxication, and 69 with BB intoxication were enrolled. Results: Overall, 64 patients (92.8%) of enrolled patients were intoxicated with drugs prescribed for the purpose of psychiatric disorders. Propranolol was the most common BB (62 cases, 96.2%), and the median dose was 140.0 mg (25%-75% 80.0-260.0). Twenty-four patients (37.5%) had experienced cardiovascular events, and these patients tended to have decreased mentality, hypotension and coingestion with quetiapine. An initial mean arterial pressure (MAP) below 65 mmHg (odds ratio 10.069, 95% confidence interval 1.572-64.481, p=0.015) was identified as a factor of cardiovascular event upon multiple logistic regression analysis. Conclusion: Initial MAP below 65 mmHg was a factor of cardiovascular adverse effect in patients of BB intoxication with psychiatric drugs.
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Bramness, J. G. "Cannabis and cannabinoids for mental health indications: evidence of effect and adverse events." European Psychiatry 66, S1 (2023): S26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.101.
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AbstractCannabis and cannabinoids have been marketed and sold for a variety of different psychiatric conditions like e.g., anxiety, sleep problems, ADHD, PTSD, and even psychosis. Some of these indications may be reasonable, but for some a more conservative approach should be upheld. There are quite a few open studies and case reports on effects, while larger blinded RCTs either fail to find these effects or are lacking. The lecture aims at presenting the most recent evidence for the use of cannabis and cannabinoids for psychiatric indications, alongside a presentation of adverse effects.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared
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Mosin Kadr, Jyoti Perke. "Effect of Self-instructional Module on Knowledge Regarding Lithium Carbonate Therapy among the Staff Nurses in Selected Psychiatric Institutions of Mumbai City." Innovational Journal of Nursing and Healthcare 09, no. 04 (2023): 68–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.31690/ijnh.2023.v09i04.015.
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Introduction: Mental illness affects one in every eleven individuals in India, or approximately 50 million Indians are afflicted with psychiatric disorders. Approximately one in ten thousand individuals with psychiatric disorders will experience mood disorders at some point in their lives. Arecent NICE guideline from 2014 designates lithium as the initial maintenance treatment for bipolar affective disorder. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental, one group pre-test, post-test design has been adopted to assess the effectiveness of selfinstructional module (SIM) on knowledge, among the staff nurses on lithium carbonate therapy in selected psychiatric institutions. The study was conducted on 60 staff nurses who were working in selected psychiatric institution. Data were collected from May 2021 to July 2021. Astructured questionnaire has been utilized to assess the knowledge of staff nurses about general concept, pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic doses, laboratory monitoring, adverse effect, contraindication, measure to prevent adverse effect, management of adverse effects, and nursing implications to be taken while the patient on lithium carbonate therapy. Results: The data revealed that there is a significant difference in mean of pre-test score and mean of post-test score knowledge regarding lithium carbonate therapy among staff nurses in selected psychiatric institutions. The study’s key findings indicate that the SIM concerning lithium carbonate therapy effectively improves the knowledge of staff nurses. No statistically significant correlation was found between demographic variables and staff nurses’ knowledge of lithium carbonate therapy. Conclusion: The study concluded that it is necessary to provide study module on lithium carbonate therapy to enhance the knowledge of staff nurses which is essential.
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Nesic, Zorica, Dragan Delic, Milica Prostran, Radan Stojanovic, Sonja Vuckovic, and Zoran Todorovic. "Psychiatric adverse effects induced by recombinant interferon alfa in patients with chronic hepatitis C." Medical review 57, no. 5-6 (2004): 219–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0406219n.
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Introduction Hepatitis C virus infection is a slowly progressive chronic disease and the most common cause of chronic liver disease. Presently, interferon alfa based therapies, with or without ribavirin, are standard treatment for chronic hepatitis C virus infection. The most troublesome psychiatric side effects of interferon therapy in our patients are: insomnia, irritability, anxiety, mood changes, short temper, emotional and affective lability, impaired cognitive function, apathy, loss of motivation and the most serious depression with or without suicidal ideas. Material and methods In our study we treated 82 patients chronically infected with HCV divided into 3 groups: the first group of 31 patients (20 male and 11 female) received IFN-alfa in standard doses of 3 MU three times a week (t.i.w) during 24 weeks; the second group of 36 patients (25 male and 11 female) received IFN-alfa, 3 MU t.i.w plus ribavirin 1000-1200 mg per day during 24 weeks; the third group of 15 patients (11 male and 4 female) received IFN-alfa, 3 MU t.i.w plus ribavirin 1000-1200 mg per day during 48 weeks. The follow-up period after therapy in all groups lasted 24 weeks. Results During treatment, we observed at least one psychiatric side effect in 21 (26%) patients: insomnia in 11 (13%), emotional and affective lability in 9 (11%), anxiety, irritability and short temper in 8 (10%), impaired cognitive function in 7 (8%) apathia and loss of motivation in 6 (7%) treated patients. Depression, the most serious side effect, was established in 8 (10%) patients. All of these side effects were observed during later stages of treatment (between 5th and 22nd weeks of treatment). The incidence of all psychiatric side effects was significantly higher in women than in men (p < 0,01). We observed higher prevalence of depression among patients with history of alcohol and drug abuse. Treatment was temporarily discontinued (from 2 to 4 weeks) in all patients with depression, but it was not permanently discontinuated in any patient due to psychiatric side effects. Conclusion Interferon causes psychiatric disorders that are usually mild and reversible. They disappear either spontaneously, while patients are still receiving therapy or after temporary cessation of interferon alfa therapy. .
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Kumamoto, Asaki, Yuhei Chiba, Akira Suda, Akitoyo Hishimoto, and Akihiko Kase. "A Severe Dementia Case in End of Life Care with Psychiatric Symptoms Treated by Perampanel." Journal of Epilepsy Research 11, no. 1 (2021): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14581/jer.21012.
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Epilepsy is known to comorbid with Alzheimer's disease. It can promote cognitive decline, and eventually worsen their prognosis and mortality. It is sometimes difficult to find a suitable drug because of the adverse effects. Perampanel has a unique mechanism of action that antagonizes α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid type glutamate receptor. Here, we report a case of severe dementia due to Alzheimer's disease with intractable epilepsy, which perampanel effected for controlling seizures with less adverse effects. The subject is an 89-year-old Japanese woman with severe dementia due to Alzheimer's disease and intractable myoclonic epilepsy. She also had psychiatric symptoms, such as circadian rhythm disorder and irritability. Valproic acid, lacosamide, or carbamazepine were prescribed, but none of them was effective. Shortly after perampanel started, however, myoclonus and these psychiatric symptoms improved. Moreover, it did not cause any obvious adverse effects, which made it possible to continue perampanel until the end of her life. Perampanel may be useful for controlling intractable epilepsy accompanied by Alzheimer's disease. It may also improve psychiatric symptoms with less adverse effect. Accumulation of studies is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of perampanel on the epilepsy of Alzheimer's disease patients and further understand that mechanism.
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Krull, Florian, Ibrahim Akkouh, Timothy Hughes, et al. "Dose-dependent transcriptional effects of lithium and adverse effect burden in a psychiatric cohort." Progress in Neuro-Psychopharmacology and Biological Psychiatry 112 (January 2022): 110408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pnpbp.2021.110408.
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Breggin, Peter R. "Intoxication Anosognosia: The Spellbinding Effect of Psychiatric Drugs." Ethical Human Psychology and Psychiatry 8, no. 3 (2006): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/ehppij-v8i3a003.
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Why do so many individuals persist in taking psychoactive substances, including psychiatric drugs, after adverse mental and behavioral effects have become severe and even disabling? The author has previously proposed the brain-disabling principle of psychiatric treatment that all somatic psychiatric treatments impair the function of the brain and mind. Intoxication anosognosia (medication spellbinding) is an expression of this drug-induced mental disability. Intoxication anosognosia causes the victim to underestimate the degree of drug-induced mental impairment, to deny the harmful role that the drug plays in the person’s altered state, and in many cases compel the individual to mistakenly believe that he or she is functioning better. In the extreme, the individual displays out-of-character compulsively destructive behaviors, including violence toward self and others.
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Burgess, C., A. O’Donohoe, and M. Gill. "Agony and ecstasy: a review of MDMA effects and toxicity." European Psychiatry 15, no. 5 (2000): 287–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(00)00396-5.
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SummaryBackgroundBackground – Ecstasy is a recreational drug with an anecdotal reputation for safety. However, reports of adverse effects and fatalities have increased in the medical and popular press.MethodsMethod – Literature search and review.ResultsResults – Acute Ecstasy toxicity does not appear to be due to overdose and cannot be solely attributed to the nature of the usual ambient environment. Adverse effects include hyperthermia, seizures, cardiac arrhythmias, hepatotoxicity, hyponatraemia and many psychiatric disorders. Ecstasy causes serotonergic neurotoxicity in the brains of animals at doses close to those used by humans, but its long-term effect on the human brain is unknown.ConclusionsConclusion – Ecstasy toxicity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a variety of medical and psychiatric conditions. Given its popularity, both the acute and the potential long-term effects are a cause for concern.
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K Bajwa, Waheed, Smrithi Divakaran, and Jessica Demotts. "Dose Related Psychiatric Adverse Effect of Lamotrigine in Management of Bipolar Disorder." Journal of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Disorders 01, no. 04 (2017): 208–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.26502/jppd.2572-519x0021.
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Jermain, Donna M., and M. Lynn Crismon. "Psychotropic Drug-Related Rhabdomyolysis." Annals of Pharmacotherapy 26, no. 7-8 (1992): 948–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/106002809202600719.
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OBJECTIVE: The objective of this review is to discuss the pathophysiology and potential etiologies of rhabdomyolysis in psychiatric patients, with an emphasis on psychotropic drug-induced rhabdomyolysis. DATA SOURCES: References were obtained through an on-line search of MEDLINE, using English-language and human literature only. STUDY SELECTION: Because the topic is a potential drug-induced adverse effect, no controlled studies are available. Most of the literature are case reports and series of case reports. DATA EXTRACTION: The quality of case reports was assessed using the Food and Drug Administration guidelines for assessing the causality of a potential adverse drug reaction. DATA SYNTHESIS: The results of this review are based on qualitative data and indicate that rhabdomyolysis in psychiatric patients can be from multiple etiologies, including agitation, dehydration, and intramuscular injections, as well as an adverse effect of psychotropic medications. Although the deficiencies of this type of data are recognized, it is the only type of data often available to assess the etiology and causality of an uncommon adverse event. CONCLUSIONS: Rhabdomyolysis in psychiatric patients can be caused by many factors, both drug- and non—drug-related. Rhabdomyolysis is more likely to occur when patients are faced with a combination of risk factors. When combinations of factors are present (e.g., aggression and restraints, intramuscular injections, and extrapyramidal effects), or when muscle trauma from an individual factor is sufficiently traumatic, muscle necrosis may occur to the point that rhabdomyolysis ensues.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Psychiatric adverse effect"
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Edvinsson, Dan. "Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder in Adults : Prevalence, Psychiatric Comorbidities and Long-term Outcome." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Psykiatri, Akademiska sjukhuset, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-327892.
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Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was originally thought to occur only in children, but is increasingly recognised as causing functional impairment also in adulthood. The overall aim of this thesis was to achieve a comprehensive understanding of ADHD in adulthood. A questionnaire based on the DSM-IV criteria of ADHD, reported childhood symptoms, reading and spelling problems, difficulties and suffering and general assessment of functioning (GAF) was distributed to three samples: the general population (GP), outpatient psychiatry (OPP) and female prison inmates. Symptoms consistent with ADHD were more than three times higher in the OPP sample than in the GP sample (6.6 versus 2.1%). ADHD symptoms and related problems occurred in 50% of the prison inmates. A cohort of 168 patients diagnosed with ADHD in adulthood was interviewed about current ADHD symptoms and psychiatric comorbidity on axis I and II. The lifetime prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity on axis I was 92% and current comorbidity, including autism spectrum disorders and Tourette’s syndrome, was 47%. The sex-specific pattern of the comorbid disor-ders was similar to that in the general population. Forty-six per cent of the patients endorsed the specific criteria for at least one personality disorder. After a mean follow-up of six years, there was remission of adult ADHD in about 30% of the patients, regardless of whether there was ongoing medication or not. There were no differences in function and quality of life, except for global general improvement, which was better in patients currently on medication. The most prevalent long-term side effects of pharmacological treatment with mainly stimulants were decreased appetite, dry mouth, anxiousness/restlessness and an increase in pulse frequency. The discontinuation rate was about 50%: 29% discontinued because of a perceived lack of effect, followed by elevated mood or hypomania (11%). No detectable evidence of tolerance and increased need for dosage over time was observed. To conclude, Symptoms of ADHD is highly overrepresented in OPP and in female inmates compared with the GP. Furthermore, adults diagnosed with ADHD have a high lifetime prevalence of psychiatric comorbidity. Long-term pharmacological treatment with stimulants is safe with relatively mild and tolerable adverse effects. Continued medication, however, is not related to remission.
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Cavalcante, Giuliana IgnÃcio Teixeira. "Estudo comportamental e neuroquÃmico em ratos periadolescentes submetidos ao tratamento agudo e subcrÃnico com efavirenz." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2011. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=7639.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior<br>A terapia antirretroviral revolucionou o tratamento dos pacientes portadores do vÃrus da imunodeficiÃncia humana (HIV) porque melhorou o estado clÃnico destes pacientes. à essencial que no mÃnimo uma das drogas utilizadas nesta terapia atravesse bem a barreira hemato-encefÃlica, jà que o HIV alcanÃa o sistema nervoso central (SNC), causando danos. O Efavirenz à um antirretroviral capaz de atravessar bem a barreira hemato-encefÃlica, sendo bastante utilizado no tratamento para HIV. Entretanto, pacientes tratados com Efavirenz vÃm apresentando alteraÃÃes neuropsiquiÃtricas como depressÃo, ansiedade, mania, pensamentos suicidas, psicoses e alucinaÃÃes. Baseado nestes fatos, o presente estudo objetivou avaliar se as alteraÃÃes comportamentais ansiedade, depressÃo e convulsÃo ocorrem em animais tratados com Efavirenz com uma Ãnica dose e por um perÃodo de 15 dias, atravÃs de modelos padronizados de comportamento animal, bem como verificar se o tratamento com o fÃrmaco à capaz de causar alteraÃÃes de monoaminas e de aminoÃcidos. Foram utilizados ratos Wistar machos (35 dias, n=6-8). Os animais foram tratados uma Ãnica vez com efavirenz, no caso do tratamento agudo, ou por 15 dias, para o tratamento subcrÃnico. Os animais tratados e controles foram submetidos aos testes comportamentais de Labirinto em Cruz Elevado (Plus Maze), Nado ForÃado, Campo Aberto e ConvulsÃo induzida por pilocarpina. Para a avaliaÃÃo neuroquÃmica, as cobaias foram sacrificadas e o cÃrebro foi removido para anÃlise das seguintes Ãreas de interesse: corpo estriado, cÃrtex prÃ-frontal e hipocampo. Foram dosadas as monoaminas e seus metabÃlitos, os aminoÃcidos e os nÃveis de malonildialdeÃdo (MDA). Os resultados mostraram que o Efavirenz ocasionou, nos testes comportamentais, ansiedade apÃs administraÃÃo aguda, causou depressÃo no teste comportamental apÃs tratamento subcrÃnico, nÃo interferiu na latÃncia de convulsÃo e alterou monoaminas e metabÃlitos, alÃm de elevar os nÃveis de MDA. Desse modo, conclui-se que o efavirenz, de acordo com este estudo, promove alteraÃÃes neuroquÃmicas no sistema nervoso central causando distÃrbios neuropsiquiÃtricos.<br>Antiretroviral therapy has revolutionized the treatment of patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) because it improved the clinical status of these patients. It is essential that at least one of the drugs used and in this therapy cross the blood-brain barrier, since HIV reaches the central nervous system (CNS), causing damage. Efavirenz is an antiretroviral widely used in HIV and able to cross the blood-brain barrier. However, patients treated with efavirenz are presenting neuropsychiatric disorders such as depression, anxiety, mania, suicidal thoughts, psychosis and hallucinations. Based on these facts, this study aimed to assess whether the behavioral changes anxiety, depression and seizures induced by pilocarpine occur in animals treated with efavirenz with a single dose and for a period of 15 days, using standard models of animal behavior as well as check if the treatment with drug can cause changes in monoamines and amino acids. We used male Wistar rats (35 days, n = 6-8). The animals were treated once with efavirenz in the case of an acute treatment, or 15 days for a subchronic treatment. The treated animals and controls were tested for behavioral elevated plus maze (Plus Maze), Forced Swim, Open Field and seizure induced by pilocarpine. To assess neurochemistry, mice were sacrificed and the brain was removed for the analysis of the following areas of interest: striatum, prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Were measured monoamines and their metabolites, amino acids and the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). The results showed that efavirenz caused anxiety and motor abnormalities similar to psychogenic drugs in behavioral tests after acute administration, caused depression in the behavioral test after subchronic treatment, had no effect on the latency of convulsion, altered monoamine metabolites and increased levels MDA. Thus, it is conclude that efavirenz, according to this study, promotes neurochemical changes in the central nervous system, causing neuropsychiatric disorders.
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Bareis, Natalie. "Person-Centered Treatment to Optimize Psychiatric Medication Adherence." VCU Scholars Compass, 2017. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/4743.
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Objectives: Adherence to psychotropic medication is poor among individuals with bipolar disorder (BD). To understand treatment experiences and associated adherence among these individuals, we developed a novel construct of Clinical Net Benefit (CNB) using psychiatric symptoms, adverse effects and overall functioning assessments. We tested whether adherence differed across classes of CNB, whether individuals transitioned between classes over time, and whether these transitions were differentially associated with adherence.
Methods: Data come from individuals aged 18+ during five years of the Systematic Treatment Enhancement Program for Bipolar Disorder (STEP-BD). Latent class analysis identified groups of CNB. Latent transition analysis determined probabilities of transitioning between classes over time. Adherence was defined as taking 75%+ of medications as prescribed. Associations between CNB and adherence were tested using multiple logistic regression adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics.
Results: Five classes of CNB were identified during the first two years (high, moderately high, moderate, moderately low, low), and four classes (removing moderately high) during the last three years. Adherence did not differ across classes or time points. Medication regimens differed by class; those with higher CNB taking fewer medications had lower odds of adherence while those with lower CNB taking more medications had higher odds of adherence compared with monotherapy. Probability of transitioning from higher to lower CNB, and lower to higher CNB was greatest over time.
Conclusions: CNB is heterogeneous in individuals treated for BD, and movement between classes is not uncommon. Understanding why individuals adhere despite suboptimal CNB may provide novel insights into aspects influencing adherence.
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Humble, Mats B. "Obsessive-compulsive disorder, serotonin and oxytocin : treatment response and side effects." Doctoral thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för medicinska vetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-51438.
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Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), with a prevalence of 1-2 %, frequently leads a chronic course. Persons with OCD are often reluctant to seek help and, if they do, their OCD is often missed. This is unfortunate, since active treatment may substantially improve social function and quality of life. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SRIs) have welldocumented efficacy in OCD, but delayed response may be problematic. Methods to predict response have been lacking. Because SRIs are effective, pathophysiological research on OCD has focussed on serotonin. However, no clear aberrations of serotonin have been found, thus other mechanisms ought to be involved. Our aims were to facilitate clinical detection and assessment of OCD, to search for biochemical correlates of response and side-effects in SRI treatment of OCD and to identify any possible involvement of oxytocin in the pathophysiology of OCD. In study I, we tested in 402 psychiatric out-patients the psychometric properties of a concise rating scale, “Brief Obsessive Compulsive Scale” (BOCS). BOCS was shown to be easy to use and have excellent discriminant validity in relation to other common psychiatric diagnoses. Studies II-V were based on 36 OCD patients from a randomised controlled trial of paroxetine, clomipramine or placebo. In study II, contrary to expectation, we found that the change (decrease) of serotonin in whole blood was most pronounced in non-responders to SRI. This is likely to reflect inflammatory influence on platelet turnover rather than serotonergic processes within the central nervous system. In studies IV-V, we found relations between changes of oxytocin in plasma and the anti-obsessive response, and between oxytocin and the SRI related delay of orgasm, respectively. In both cases, the relation to central oxytocinergic mechanisms is unclear. In males, delayed orgasm predicted anti-obsessive response.
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Aroke, Edwin N. "A Pilot Study of the Pharmacogenetics of Ketamine-Induced Emergence Phenomena: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2016. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsn_diss/43.
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Background: Up to 55% of patients administered ketamine, experience an emergence phenomena (EP) that closely mimics schizophrenia and increases their risk of injury. While genetics accounts for about 50% of severe adverse drug reactions, no studies have investigated genetic association of ketamine-induced EP in healthy patients. Ketamine is metabolized by CYP 2B6 enzymes and CYP 2B^8^ allele significantly alter ketamine metabolism. In addition, ketamine exerts most of its effects by inhibiting the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMADR), and NMDAR genes (GRIN2B) are associated with learning and memory impairment and schizophrenia.
Purpose: To investigate the relationship between CYP2B6*6 and GRIN2B single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and ketamine-induced emergence phenomena (EP).
Methods: This cross-sectional pharmacogenetic study recruited 75 patients having minor orthopedic, hand, foot, anorectal surgeries from two outpatient surgical centers. EP was measured with the Clinician Administered Dissociative State Scale (CADSS). DNA was genotyped using standard Taqman assays and protocols. Genetic association of CYP2B6*6 and GRIN2B (rs1019385 & rs1806191) SNPs and ketamine induced EP occurrence and severity were tested using multivariate logistic and linear regression, adjusting for age, ketamine dose, duration of anesthesia, and time since ketamine administration.
Results: Forty-seven patients (63%) received ketamine and were genotyped. Nineteen EP cases were identified (CADSS > 4), leaving 28 non-EP controls. For our population, CADSS has an internal consistency reliability Cronbach’s alpha of 0.82, and could reliably distinguish ketamine from non-ketamine cases. Occurrence and severity of EP were not associated with CYP2B6*6 or GRIN2B (p > 0.1). Models removing genotype and containing age, ketamine dose, duration of v anesthesia, and time since ketamine administration significantly predicted EP occurrence (p = 0.001) and severity (p = 0.007). Presence and severity of EP did not affect patient satisfaction with care.
Discussion: Younger age, higher dose and longer duration of anesthesia significantly predicted EP occurrence and severity among our sample. This study provides effect size estimates useful for the design of adequately powered future genetic association studies. The feasibility of recruitment from patients undergoing elective, outpatient surgeries and ease of post-operative EP assessment with CADSS supports our approach. However, the small sample size may have limited about ability to determine significant differences.
Conclusion: Fully powered studies are needed to investigate this important phenomena. Determining factors for anesthesia-related EP symptoms may reduce risks and costs associated with this adverse medication effect.
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Jazi, Sarra. "Étude rétrospective sur l’adhésion aux lignes directrices canadiennes (CAMESA) de monitoring des effets métaboliques des antipsychotiques de seconde génération chez les enfants et les adolescents." Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/24495.
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Les antipsychotiques de seconde génération (ASG) peuvent induire des effets métaboliques tels
qu’une prise de poids, des troubles cardio-métaboliques, des effets endocriniens et dans de très
rares cas une mort soudaine d’origine cardiaque. Les effets indésirables métaboliques potentiels
des ASG doivent être surveillés. L’Alliance canadienne pour la surveillance de l’efficacité et de
l’innocuité des antipsychotiques (CAMESA) propose des lignes directrices à cet effet. Les objectifs
de cette étude rétrospective sont d’évaluer, à long terme, les taux d’enfants et d’adolescents
recevant pour la première fois un ASG bénéficiant d’un monitoring dans les cliniques de santé
mentale et de documenter les facteurs qui peuvent les influencer. À cet effet, les dossiers médicaux
de 180 enfants et adolescents (âge moyen 13,3 ± 3,1 ans, 54,4 % garçons), traités pour la première
fois par ASG entre janvier 2016 et juin 2018, ont été examinés. Les périodes de monitoring ont été
divisées en baseline, de 1 à 6 et de 9 à 24 mois. La population étudiée a été stratifiée en enfants (4-
12 ans) vs adolescents (13-18 ans). Les caractéristiques sociodémographiques, le diagnostic
psychiatrique et les comorbidités, les types d’ASG et les comédications prescrites, les mesures
anthropométriques (MA), la pression artérielle (PA), les bilans sanguins (BS),
l’électrocardiogramme (ECG) et les années de pratique du psychiatre ont été collectés. Des
tableaux croisés ont été utilisés pour présenter les taux de monitoring. Les catégories ont été
comparées par analyse de co-variable. Les taux de patients monitorés ont été comparés à travers
les catégories de monitoring, en ayant recours au test exact de Fisher. Nos résultats démontrent des
taux de monitoring pour MA, BS et PA de : 55 %, 47,8 % et 46,7 % au baseline ; 50 %, 41,7 % et
45,2 % à 1-6 mois ; et 47,2 %, 41,5 % et 40,6 % à 9-24 mois, respectivement. Des taux de
monitoring plus élevés étaient associés de manière significative au statut d’adolescent (MA, BS et
PA au baseline ; MA et PA à 1-6 mois), à un diagnostic de trouble psychotique et / ou affectif (MA,
BS et PA au baseline ; MA et PA à 1-6 mois; BS à 9-24 mois), avoir ≤ 1 comorbidités
psychiatriques (BS à 1-6 mois), et à l’expérience du clinicien (BS et ECG à 1-6 mois). En
conclusion, cinq ans après les recommandations de CAMESA, le monitoring métabolique est
effectué chez moins de la moitié des patients et diminue tout au long de la durée du traitement.
Dans notre échantillon, les catégories d’âge, de diagnostic, de comorbidités psychiatriques et d’expérience du clinicien ont influencé les taux de monitoring. Toutefois, des progrès importants
doivent encore être réalisés pour parvenir à un taux de monitoring satisfaisant.<br>Second generation antipsychotics (SGA) can induce metabolic effects such as weight gain, cardiometabolic
disorders, endocrine effects and in very rare cases sudden cardiac death. The potential
metabolic side effects of second generation antipsychotics need to be monitored. The Canadian
Alliance for Monitoring the Efficacy and Safety of Antipsychotics (CAMESA) offers guidelines
for this purpose. The objectives of this retrospective study are to evaluate, the long-term rates of
youths receiving monitoring in mental health clinics and document the factors that may influence
them. To this end, the charts of 180 children and adolescents (average age 13.3 ± 3.1 years, 54.4
% males) receiving SGA treatment for the first time between January 2016 and June 2018 were
reviewed. Monitoring was divided into baseline and 1 to 6 and 9 to 24-month periods. The
population under study was stratified into children (4-12 years) vs adolescents (13-18 years). Sociodemographic characteristics, psychiatric diagnosis and comorbidities, prescribed SGAs and
comedications, anthropometric measurements (AM), blood pressure (BP), blood tests (BT),
electrocardiogram (ECG) and the psychiatrist’s years of practice were collected. Cross tables were
used to present the monitoring rates. Categories were compared by covariate analysis. Rates of
patients monitored across categories were compared using Fisher’s exact test. Our results show
that monitoring rates for AM, BT, and BP were: 55 %, 47.8 %, and 46.7 % at baseline, 50 %, 41.7
%, and 45.2 % at 1 to 6 months, and 47.2 %, 41.5 %, and 40.6 % at 9 to 24 months, respectively.
Higher monitoring rates were significantly associated with adolescent status vs child (baseline AM,
BT, and BP; 1-6-month AM and BP), a diagnosis of psychotic and/or affective disorder (baseline
AM, BT, and BP; 1-6-month AM and BP; 9-24-month BT), having ≤ 1 psychiatric comorbidities
(1-6-month BT), and clinician’s experience (1-6-month BT and ECG). In conclusion, five years
after publication of the CAMESA guidelines, metabolic monitoring is conducted for less than half
of patients and decreases over time. In our sample, age, diagnostic category, psychiatric
comorbidities, and clinician’s experience influenced the monitoring rates. Major progress still
needs to be made before reaching a satisfactory level of monitoring.
Books on the topic "Psychiatric adverse effect"
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Citizens Commission on Civil Rights (U.S.). Psychiatry destroying morals: A travesty of help. Citizens Commission on Human Rights, 1995.
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J, Castle David, and Murray, Robin, MD, M Phil, MRCP, MRC Psych, eds. Marijuana and madness: Psychiatry and neurobiology. Cambridge University Press, 2004.
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Sabit, Gabay, Harris Joseph, and Ho Beng T. 1932-, eds. Metal ions in neurology and psychiatry. A.R. Liss, 1985.
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Breggin, Peter Roger. Medication madness: A psychiatrist exposes the dangers of mood-altering medications. St. Martin's Press, 2008.
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Melissa, Piasecki, ed. Nicotine in psychiatry: Psychopathology and emerging therapeutics. American Psychiatric Press, 2000.
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Maris, Ronald W. Pillaged: Psychiatric medications and suicide risk. The University of South Carolina Press, 2015.
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J, Peters Timothy, ed. Alcohol misuse: A European perspective. Harwood Academic Publishers, 1996.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Psychiatric adverse effect"
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Cannon, Kristen. "Adverse Effects of Drugs." In Absolute Geriatric Psychiatry Review. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58663-8_34.
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Cho, Stephanie H., and Catherine Crone. "Neuropsychiatric Adverse Effects of Immunosuppressant Agents." In Transplant Psychiatry. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15052-4_35.
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Kendell, R. E. "Alcoholism and Its Adverse Effects." In Current Themes in Psychiatry. Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-07746-5_13.
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Hirsch, Calvin H., Shyam Maharaj, and James A. Bourgeois. "The Chief Adverse Effects of Medications." In On-Call Geriatric Psychiatry. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30346-8_12.
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Kim, Suck Won, and Jon E. Grant. "Electroconvulsive Therapy: Indications, Use and Adverse Effects." In The Medical Basis of Psychiatry. Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-2528-5_41.
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Costello, Caitlin R., and Lauren T. Schumacher. "Psychopharmacology and Medication-Induced Movement Disorders and Other Adverse Effects of Medication." In Child and Adolescent Psychiatry for the Specialty Board Review, 5th ed. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003308805-13.
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Diaz, Ariel, and Philip Hazell. "Physical Wellbeing." In Longer-Term Psychiatric Inpatient Care for Adolescents. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1950-3_16.
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AbstractRegular physical exertion is protective against depression, promotes healthy sleep and may counteract the adverse metabolic effects of psychotropic agents. The Walker programme benefited for a time from the input of a sports psychologist, who provided tailored exercise programmes for most patients. The nursing team has continued to champion physical activity through use of an exercycle and rowing machine, ‘beep’ tests, group walks and games. Seizure disorders and Type 1 diabetes are the most common comorbid medical problems amongst the patient population, and usually require physician consultation. Metabolic health is monitored and managed per protocol when patients are prescribed second generation antipsychotics. Surgical problems arising from self-harm are common and include laceration, wound interference, ingestion of objects, and insertion of objects.
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Montag, Christian, Zsolt Demetrovics, Jon D. Elhai, et al. "Social Media Use in Childhood and Adolescence: Minimizing Its Adverse Effects Through Corporate Social Responsibility and European Union Regulations." In Handbook of Children and Screens. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-69362-5_65.
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AbstractThe present chapter revisits the prevailing data business model of the social media industry and explains how it stands in conflict with psycho-developmental tasks in children and adolescents. In this realm, issues surrounding the current “APIcalypse” (based on the term application program interfaces (APIs); closed APIs hindering the study of social media use on the platforms) are discussed, along with the need to foster interdisciplinary research that brings together psychological, psychiatric, neuroscientific, and computer sciences to truly understand social media impacts on well-being and mental health. Given the billion users of social media around the globe, many of whom are minors, much is at stake, and it is urgent to address the numerous knowledge gaps surrounding the effects of social media use on mental health.
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Sharma, Manu S., Ives Cavalcante Passos, and André F. Carvalho. "Untoward side effects of psychiatric drugs." In Mental Disorders in Primary Care. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198746638.003.0020.
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Adverse effects are an unavoidable risk of medication treatment. Clinical trials alone do not adequately assess the entire side effect profile, and it is important to pay attention to post-marketing surveillance and long-term follow up studies. Psychotropic medications are responsible for a wide variety of adverse effects, which can affect almost any part/system of the body. Adverse effects can vary from mild nausea and vomiting to life-threatening blood dyscrasias and arrhythmias. A high number of adverse effects are associated with the action of the psychotropic medications on their primary targets outside the brain, and the additional action on the autonomic nervous system. In order to minimize the risk of adverse effects most psychotropic medications should be started with low-dose trials followed by slow titration. Care should be taken to look for drug-drug interactions and pre-existing medical and metabolic conditions which may pre-dispose a patient to certain adverse effects.
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Mirzaa, Aliya Rayyesa. "Psychiatric Conditions." In Evidence-Based Pharmacotherapy in Clinical Practice. THINKPLUS PHARMA PUBLICATIONS, 2025. https://doi.org/10.69613/8kzns526.
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Pharmacological interventions in psychiatric disorders require systematic assessment of symptom profiles, severity metrics, and functional impairment indicators. Depression management incorporates selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, novel antidepressants, and augmentation strategies, with emphasis on response monitoring and suicide risk assessment. Anxiety disorder treatment utilizes multiple medication classes including antidepressants, anxiolytics, and psychological interventions based on specific disorder characteristics. Bipolar disorder management requires careful selection of mood stabilizers, antipsychotics, and maintenance strategies with monitoring of mood cycles and metabolic parameters. Schizophrenia treatment incorporates first and second-generation antipsychotics with selection based on efficacy profiles, side effect burden, and adherence factors. Sleep disorder protocols utilize targeted interventions for specific sleep pathologies while considering safety profiles and dependency risks. Treatment strategies emphasize long-term outcome optimization through systematic monitoring of therapeutic response, adverse effects, and functional recovery.
Conference papers on the topic "Psychiatric adverse effect"
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Lotsaris, Kleomenis, Vasiliki Sofia Grech, Ioanna Grech, Vasiliki Kefala, and Efstathios Rallis. "Isotretinoin and psychiatric adverse effects: A literature review." In 1st Conference of the Hellenic Scientific Society of Aesthetics. PHARMAKON-Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.61873/vuqt8301.
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This literature review article discusses the use of isotretinoin and examines its association with psychiatric adverse effects, particularly depression and suicidal ideation. The article presents historical and molecular data on isotretinoin and delves into the literature regarding its psychiatric side effects in the treatment of acne vulgaris. It tries to answer in questions about whether the scientific community has overlooked the significance of the underlying disease and explores the awareness of healthcare professionals regarding these potential adverse effects. Additionally, it investigates the likelihood of these effects based on the available literature to date.
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Pâslaru, Ana Maria, Ana Maria Fătu, Alexandru Nechifor, Laura Florentina Rebegea, Diana Bulgaru Iliescu, and Anamaria Ciubara. "PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY. CASE PRESENTATION." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.35.
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Increased survival of oncology patients brings to attention new aspects of adverse effects due to antineoplastic treatment. Psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disorders as well as the progressive incidence of multiple primary neoplasia are some of the most common side effects. Aim: Care of the oncology patient undergoes an important period of change, from the management of tumor disease to the multidisciplinary approach, centered on improving the quality of life. Method: We present the case of a 75-year-old patient, whose personal pathological history reveals the presence of a diagnosis of left testicular seminoma, in 1978, for which he received radiochemical therapy. An oncological patient under long-term medical supervision for several decades is diagnosed in November 2017 with urothelial carcinoma, infiltrative, invasive in his own muscle patch, pT2NxMx. Approximately 40 years later, the second neoplastic site, the malignant bladder tumor, appears. Facing this diagnosis, the patient becomes anxious, anticipates catastrophic consequences, isolates himself. The family and friends support is essential in these moments, the patient tries cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy, as well as various relaxation techniques, which have positive results for the patient attitude towards the disease. He admits, to complete staging, to follow the recommendations of the oncologist, perform proton emission tomography, which detects the presence of two lesions on the right lung. In January 2018, the surgical intervention is done by straight thoracotomy, atypical upper lobe resection and inferior lobectomy is performed. The histopathological and immunohistochemical results describe the presence of the third primary adenocarcinoma neoplasia. The initial emotional reaction is one of anger, denial, followed by demoralization, easy crying, sadness. The patient is examined by the psychiatrist, thus receiving the diagnosis of a severe depressive episode without psychotic symptoms. He follows an anxiolytic, antidepressant, sedative treatment but continues also the cognitive-behavioral therapy. The patient shows good compliance with psychopharmacological treatment and accepts adjuvant chemotherapy courses, which are well tolerated. Throughout the antineoplastic therapy, there was a close collaboration between the psychiatrist and the oncologist, to avoid drug interactions that could have led to interruption of the treatment. Under the oncology supervision, the patient receives another bad news, in September 2018, the fourth neoplastic localization, the prostatic adenocarcinoma pT2bN0M0, is discovered. In this case, in the presence of the combination of synchronous and methacrone tumors, the patient's psyche is deeply affected, continuing the psychopharmacological treatment. Conclusions: Psychiatric disorders are common among oncological patients, and they may suffer serious impairments in quality of life and treatment compliance, psycho-oncological collaboration being indispensable for the success of antineoplastic treatment.
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"CANNABIS USE AND ANXIETY DISORDERS DURING PREGNANCY - DUAL DISORDER TO DUAL PATIENTS." In 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021p144s.
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Objectives From clinical cases of patients observed in Perinatal Psychiatry - Setúbal Hospital Center (Portugal), we conducted a review of the impact of both cannabis use and anxiety disorders during pregnancy. Methods and material Case reports and literature review of PubMed for cannabis use, anxiety disorders and pregnancy. Results and conclusions In Outpatient Perinatal Psychiatry we observed women with anxiety disorders who reported using cannabis during pregnancy. Indeed, pregnancy is a highly vulnerable period to the onset or worsening of previous anxiety symptoms. Anxiety disorders may adversely impact not only the mother, but also fetal maturation and child development. In fact, preterm labor and low birth weight are consistently linked with anxiety during pregnancy. Recent studies reveal a general increase in the use of cannabis during pregnancy, representing the most commonly used illicit drug during the perinatal period. The endocannabinoid system appears to be involved in the regulation of human fertility and pregnancy. Although still conflicting, there is data demonstrating that cannabis use during pregnancy is associated with stillbirth, preterm birth, small for gestational age, low birth weight, smaller head circumferences and increased admission to neonatal intensive care units. The use of cannabis during pregnancy is frequently a way to improve symptoms of anxiety disorders. All patients should be screened to substance use comorbid to other frequent psychiatric disorders during pregnancy, such as anxiety disorders, in order to improve the health and well-being not only of the mother, but also of the developing baby, as a dual disorder has a negative effect in both individuals.
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Runcan, Remus. "SOCIAL WORK IN ROMANIA IN THE TIME OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: STRENGTHS AND WEAKNESSES." In NORDSCI International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2020/b1/v3/28.
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The Covid-19 pandemic has posed great challenges for all social work clients and their families, caregivers, medical and mental health care providers, and support systems. Social work clients are vulnerable to the detrimental effects of restrictions (isolation) and are confronted with adverse consequences from distancing and new rules, which may trigger or worsen psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, self-harm, substance abuse, suicidal behaviour and thoughts), according to recent literature (March-May 2020). This paper presents the results of a survey of Romanian social workers aimed at identifying both positive and negative effects of the Covid-19 pandemic on both social workers and their clients.
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Figueiredo, Camila Angelo Vidal de, Kaline dos Santos Kishishita Castro, and Sílvia Raimunda Costa Leite. "Therapeutic management of movement disorders present in Huntington’s Disease: a literature review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.430.
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Background: Huntington’s Disease (HD) is a hereditary neurodegenerative genetic disease with motor, cognitive and behavioral repercussions that interferes in several areas of the patients’ lives. Therefore, to increase the quality of life for patients the therapeutic management of symptoms is necessary. Objective: to elucidate the main forms of treatment that reduces motor disorders present in HD. Methods: an integrative literature review was conducted using scientific articles published between 2016-2020 about this topic found in Pubmed and Google Scholar databases. Results: the chorea treatment in HD can be done using Tetrabenazine, deutetrabenazine or antipsychotics. During a study by the Huntington Study Group (HSG), tetrabenazine proved its efficacy, however, due to several adverse effects, its use was reduced. Thus, deutetrabenazine was created, which consists in a tetrabenazine deuterated version, with a longer half- life and less adverse effects. Studies by the HSG found that besides reducing chorea, it also improves motor function in general in patients. Antipsychotics are used when the patient has behavioral and psychiatric symptoms that prevent him from using the other drugs. The dystonia treatment involves physiotherapy and botulinum toxin injections, which are also used in the bruxism therapy, along with mouth protectors. Abnormal gait and balance problems can be reduced with psychomotor rehabilitation, physiotherapy, and using a walker. Conclusion: the control of HD motor symptoms is an important way to increase patients’ quality of life. Therefore, more studies are necessary to expand the effective therapeutic options.
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Rădulescu, Ionuţ Dragoș, Letiția Dobri Mirona, Codrina Moraru, Petronela Nechita, Ciprian Vlad, and Cezar Bichescu. "PHARMACOLOGICAL ADD-ON TREATMENTS IN MANAGING ANTIPSYCHOTIC-INDUCED WEIGHT GAIN." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.24.
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Introduction: One of the most common antipsychotic (AP) related adverse drug reactions is weight gain, with a large proportion of patients started on AP even from the onset of schizophrenia, ending up gaining considerable weight. Aim: The study was designed to research current evidence for reducing weight gain through pharmacological supplementation or other practical interventions, in patients treated with APs. Method: A review of the published works found on MEDLINE and PubMed from 2015 to 2019 was done, concentrating mostly on research that specifically examined changes in body weight in individuals taking AP medications along with various pharmaceutical supplements. There were 14 major eligible articles found and examined. We have concentrated on many meta-analyses that evaluated various pharmacological classes, including appetite suppressants, anti-obesity medications, anti-diabetics, gastrointestinal medicines, and anticonvulsants, in avoiding or lowering weight gain in patients receiving AP. Conclusions: Maintaining a balanced weight has a major impact on the patient’s quality of life. In addition to having a detrimental effect on the patient's physical and mental health, weight increase makes it more challenging for them to adhere to their treatment schedule. Antipsychotics can cause weight gain, however, there are numerous effective treatments for this condition. Given that they are both well tolerated in the short term, we found topiramate and metformin to be the most effective among them when compared to a placebo. To advance this topic, larger and more comprehensive investigations are required.
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Souza, Ellen Lelis de, Marianna Tonaco Silva, Marianne Morais de Pinho da Fonseca, and Wanderson Stewart Parreira Miranda. "Integrative review, XIII Paulista Congress of Neurology, May 2021; São Paulo (SP). Efficacy of cannabidiol in improving the quality of life of Parkinson´s Patient; ITPAC-Palmas (TO); 2021." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.109.
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Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease, caused by an imbalance between the inhibitory action of dopamine and the excitatory action of acetylcholine due to dopamine restriction, characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. The phytocannabinoid cannabidiol (CBD) may be effective for the treatment of symptoms in PD, offering better quality of life. Objectives: To verify the evidence for the efficacy of cannabidiol in the treatment of patients with PD about the improvement of quality of life. To analyze its applicability in controlling involuntary movements in PD patients. Methods: A search in the databases LILACS, BIREME, SCIELO, SCIENCE, EBSCO, PUBMED, using the bibliographic research method, and by means of integrative review. The descriptor cannabidiol was associated with the words: therapeutic use, parkinsonism, and quality of life. The selection included articles published between 2000 and 2020, in Portuguese, English and German languages. Results: Therapeutic effects of cannabidiol were promising in PD, such as neuroprotective action, reduction of motor symptoms, cognitive and quality of life improvement with few relevant adverse effects. Among the 16 articles, 8 demonstrate an improvement in symptoms and the others cite improvement in psychiatric and cognitive symptoms, thus reflecting that cannabidiol is a promising for quality of life improvement. Conclusion: Although cannabidiol has shown efficacy in the therapy of Parkinson’s patients in clinical and preclinical studies, there is still a need for further studies and investigations on the therapeutic effects of this compound. Thus, cannabidiol may become a first choice treatment for PD, promote patients and families a better living with the disease, and positive reflexes.
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Calixto, Nicole Melo, Juliana Ferreira Leal, Julyanna Lucas Nascimento, and Jean Colacite. "Prevalence of methylphenidate use without medical prescription among university students: a review of the current reality." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.565.
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Introduction: Methylphenidate is a neuropsychotropic agent, indicated for the treatment of Attention Deficit / Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy, and is commonly prescribed for school and university age patients. The growing prescription of the drug and the misuse of methylphenidate by academics without a diagnosis of ADHD and / or narcolepsy have raised concerns on the part of medical societies of psychiatry. The over-the-counter use of this substance causes potential dependence and adverse effects such as hallucinations, anxiety, dry mouth and visual disturbances. Unfortunately, there is a precarious amount of epidemiological data on the use of methylphenidate without prescription by university students. In view of this reality. Objectives: The present study proposed to review the assessment of the prevalence of methylphenidate consumption without medical prescription in university environments worldwide, with sources published between 2016-2021. Methods: To perform this research, the PubMed (https://pubmed.ncbi. nlm.nih.gov/) and Scielo (https://www.scielo.org/) databases were used as a search tool, using the Key words “non-medical”, “methylphenidate” and “university students”. Results: So far, 10 articles related to the study (carried out in China, Australia, Brazil, South Africa, Iran, Israel, Pakistan and the United States) have been identified, with 8 articles obtained from PubMed and 2 articles acquired from Scielo. The selected articles show that in 6 of these articles the groups of academics studied were undergraduate and graduate students in general areas, and 4 articles in medical students. The studies present cases of students who confirmed the use of methylphenidate without a prescription, with the justification that it improves academic performance even in healthy students. Conclusion: Therefore, further studies on epidemiology and effects on academic performance with the improper consumption of this drug are recommended.
Reports on the topic "Psychiatric adverse effect"
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Leavy, Michelle B., Danielle Cooke, Sarah Hajjar, et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Report on Registry Configuration. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcregistryoutcome.
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Background: Major depressive disorder is a common mental disorder. Many pressing questions regarding depression treatment and outcomes exist, and new, efficient research approaches are necessary to address them. The primary objective of this project is to demonstrate the feasibility and value of capturing the harmonized depression outcome measures in the clinical workflow and submitting these data to different registries. Secondary objectives include demonstrating the feasibility of using these data for patient-centered outcomes research and developing a toolkit to support registries interested in sharing data with external researchers. Methods: The harmonized outcome measures for depression were developed through a multi-stakeholder, consensus-based process supported by AHRQ. For this implementation effort, the PRIME Registry, sponsored by the American Board of Family Medicine, and PsychPRO, sponsored by the American Psychiatric Association, each recruited 10 pilot sites from existing registry sites, added the harmonized measures to the registry platform, and submitted the project for institutional review board review Results: The process of preparing each registry to calculate the harmonized measures produced three major findings. First, some clarifications were necessary to make the harmonized definitions operational. Second, some data necessary for the measures are not routinely captured in structured form (e.g., PHQ-9 item 9, adverse events, suicide ideation and behavior, and mortality data). Finally, capture of the PHQ-9 requires operational and technical modifications. The next phase of this project will focus collection of the baseline and follow-up PHQ-9s, as well as other supporting clinical documentation. In parallel to the data collection process, the project team will examine the feasibility of using natural language processing to extract information on PHQ-9 scores, adverse events, and suicidal behaviors from unstructured data. Conclusion: This pilot project represents the first practical implementation of the harmonized outcome measures for depression. Initial results indicate that it is feasible to calculate the measures within the two patient registries, although some challenges were encountered related to the harmonized definition specifications, the availability of the necessary data, and the clinical workflow for collecting the PHQ-9. The ongoing data collection period, combined with an evaluation of the utility of natural language processing for these measures, will produce more information about the practical challenges, value, and burden of using the harmonized measures in the primary care and mental health setting. These findings will be useful to inform future implementations of the harmonized depression outcome measures.
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Leavy, Michelle B., Costas Boussios, Robert L. Phillips, Jr., et al. Outcome Measure Harmonization and Data Infrastructure for Patient-Centered Outcomes Research in Depression: Final Report. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcwhitepaperdepressionfinal.
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Objective. The objective of this project was to demonstrate the feasibility and value of collecting harmonized depression outcome measures in the patient registry and health system settings, displaying the outcome measures to clinicians to support individual patient care and population health management, and using the resulting measures data to support patient-centered outcomes research (PCOR). Methods. The harmonized depression outcome measures selected for this project were response, remission, recurrence, suicide ideation and behavior, adverse effects of treatment, and death from suicide. The measures were calculated in the PRIME Registry, sponsored by the American Board of Family Medicine, and PsychPRO, sponsored by the American Psychiatric Association, and displayed on the registry dashboards for the participating pilot sites. At the conclusion of the data collection period (March 2020-March 2021), registry data were analyzed to describe implementation of measurement-based care and outcomes in the primary care and behavioral health care settings. To calculate and display the measures in the health system setting, a Substitutable Medical Apps, Reusable Technology (SMART) on Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resource (FHIR) application was developed and deployed at Baystate Health. Finally a stakeholder panel was convened to develop a prioritized research agenda for PCOR in depression and to provide feedback on the development of a data use and governance toolkit. Results. Calculation of the harmonized outcome measures within the PRIME Registry and PsychPRO was feasible, but technical and operational barriers needed to be overcome to ensure that relevant data were available and that the measures were meaningful to clinicians. Analysis of the registry data demonstrated that the harmonized outcome measures can be used to support PCOR across care settings and data sources. In the health system setting, this project demonstrated that it is technically and operationally feasible to use an open-source app to calculate and display the outcome measures in the clinician’s workflow. Finally, this project produced tools and resources to support future implementations of harmonized measures and use of the resulting data for research, including a prioritized research agenda and data use and governance toolkit. Conclusion. Standardization of outcome measures across patient registries and routine clinical care is an important step toward creating robust, national-level data infrastructure that could serve as the foundation for learning health systems, quality improvement initiatives, and research. This project demonstrated that it is feasible to calculate the harmonized outcome measures for depression in two patient registries and a health system setting, display the results to clinicians to support individual patient management and population health, and use the outcome measures data to support research. This project also assessed the value and burden of capturing the measures in different care settings and created standards-based tools and other resources to support future implementations of harmonized outcome measures in depression and other clinical areas. The findings and lessons learned from this project should serve as a roadmap to guide future implementations of harmonized outcome measures in depression and other clinical areas.
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Proceedings report of webinar on mental health and bullying. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2022/0085.
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Bullying among adolescents has been identified as a significant public health concern. It is a life-changing experience that has drastically affected more than a third of adolescents in schools globally. There are important negative consequences to victims, perpetrators, schools, families and communities at large. Several studies have shown that victims of bullying are at increased odds of adverse outcomes including physical health problems, emotional and behavioural problems, and psychiatric disorders. At the mental health level, evidence has linked being a victim of bullying to higher rates of depression, insomnia, feelings of hopelessness, loneliness, low self-esteem, suicide ideation and suicide attempts8. Due to the potential mental health effects on everyone involved, it’s important to heed the warning signs of bullying and to highlight intervention and prevention strategies. This webinar sought to understand the impact of bullying on mental health, the mental health of those who experience and witness it and to identifying intervention and prevention strategies.