Academic literature on the topic 'Pulp and seed powder'
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Journal articles on the topic "Pulp and seed powder"
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Matteucci, Enzo Agustín, María Eugenia Orqueda, Mariana Leal, et al. "Nutritional, Phytochemical, and Biological Characterization of Peel, Pulp, and Seed Powder from the Fruits of Berberis mikuna and Berberis burruyacuensis: Potential as a Functional Ingredient." Plants 14, no. 10 (2025): 1418. https://doi.org/10.3390/plants14101418.
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Berberis mikuna Job. (common name “mikuna”) and Berberis burruyacuensis O.R. Dantur, S. Radice, E. Giordani and Papini (common name “sacha mikuna”) are endemic native plant species from northwestern Argentina. The aim of this work was to evaluate, for the first time, the potential of the pulp, seed, and peel powders from B. mikuna and B. burruyacuensis fruits as functional food ingredients, with the purpose of adding value to these native resources and promoting their sustainable use. All powders exhibited nutritional value due to their protein, lipid, fiber, and ash content, especially the seed powder. Phenolic compounds (including xanthone, phenolic esters, coumarins, flavonoids, tannins, and anthocyanins), alkaloids, amino acids, lipids, and vitamins, totaling 33 compounds, were identified in the pulp, seed, and peel of both Berberis fruits through UHPLC-PDA-ESI-QT-MS/MS. High anthocyanin content was observed in the pulp and peel, mainly in B. mikuna (195.55 ± 7.75 and 283.49 ± 6.55 g C3GE/100 g of powder, respectively), while tannins were abundant in the seeds (3.64 ± 0.11 and 6.09 ± 0.06 mg PB2/100 g of powder for B. mikuna and B. burruyacuensis, respectively). The powders exhibited antioxidant activity (ABTS•+; H2O2) and the capacity to inhibit enzymes related to metabolic syndrome, such as α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and lipase. These findings suggest the potential of B. mikuna and B. burruyacuensis fruit powders as functional food ingredients, dietary supplements, or natural functional colorants for foods and beverages.
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Irmayanti, Irmayanti, Chairil Anwar, and Ika Rezvani Aprita. "Efektivitas Kernel Kelor dan Ampas Kernel Kelor (Moringa oleifera L.) sebagai Biokoagulan dan Desinfektan Alami pada Pengolahan Air Sungai." JURNAL SAINS TEKNOLOGI & LINGKUNGAN 5, no. 1 (2019): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jstl.v5i1.101.
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his study specifically aims to study the effectiveness of Moringa oleifera L. Moringa oleifera seed powder as a biocoagulant and disinfectant for river water treatment. This study use a factorial randomized block design (RBD) with four replications. The treatment in this study consisted of 2 factors, the variation factor of biocoagulants (v) and the biooagulants concentration (k). Moringa seed variation factor consists of 2 levels, namely Moringa seed powder (v1) and Moringa seed pulp (v2) powder, the factor of Moringa seed powder concentration and Moringa seed pulp powder consists of 3 levels, namely 0.025% (k1), 0.05 % (k2) and 0.075% (k3). Analysis carried out on river water, treated water and water after screening included pH, color, turbidity, manganese (Mn), iron (Fe) and total coli bacteria. The best quality processed water is treated with Moringa (v1) seed powder with a concentration of 0.05% (k2) with the following characteristics: pH 7.21, color 11.25 TCU (True Color Units), turbidity 2.38 NTU (Nephelometric Turbidity Units), manganese (Mn) levels 0.022 mg.L-1, iron content 0.036 mg.L-1, and coli bacteria total 0.08 x 102/100 ml samples
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Rohini, C., P. S. Geetha, R. Vijayalakshmi, and M. L. Mini. "Phytochemicals characterization of nutraceutical enriched fruits and nuts spread." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 13, SI (2021): 124–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v13isi.2810.
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The present study aimed to formulate a nutraceutical enriched fruits and nuts spreads and analyze the presence of phytochemicals in the formulated spread. The pumpkin seeds and cucumber seeds were roasted at 150° C for 15 mins and made into powder. The seed powder was mixed to the pulp of ?-carotene rich fruits like mango, papaya and muskmelon in order to make fruits and nuts spread. Treatments like Mango with pumpkin seed powder (T1), Papaya with pumpkin seed powder (T2), Muskmelon with pumpkin seed powder (T3), Mango with cucumber seed powder (T4), Papaya with cucumber seed powder (T5) and Muskmelon with cucumber seed powder (T6). The fruits and nuts spreads were analyzed for the presence of phytochemicals ?-carotene, polyphenols, tannins, flavonoids and antioxidant activity. The formulated fruits and nuts spreads were packed in polypropylene boxes, glass bottles and stored under refrigerated condition at 4°C. ?-carotene content was found to be high (634.21?g/g) in Mango with Pumpkin seed powder spread (T1), tannin content was higher (52.61 mg/g) in Papaya with Pumpkin seed powder spread (T2), flavonoid components were higher (3.25 mg/g) in Mango with Pumpkin seed powder spread (T1), and polyphenols content were found to be high (59.33 mg/g) in Papaya with Cucumber seed powder spread (T5). The antioxidant property was high in the Mango with Pumpkin seed powder spread (T1) when compared to all other treatments. Pumpkin seeds comprised of excellent amount of bioactive compounds. The pumpkin seed incorporated spread showed a high level of phytochemicals when compared to other spreads. This was ready to eat spread which had 3 months of shelf life under refrigerated condition is preferred for people of all age groups.
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Qasim, Areeb, Anum Nazir, Nizwa Itrat, et al. "Utilization of Date Pulp and Pit Powder to make Decaf Coffee to Improve Cognitive Health." Journal of Plant and Environment 5, no. 1 (2023): 37–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.33687/jpe.005.01.4418.
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The health-conscious consumers are interested in replacing health-deteriorating drinks with functional beverages in current epochs. There is no higher truth that coffee consumption reduces risk of type II diabetes, Alzheimer, and other brain anomalies but it is also the fact that CGA (chlorogenic acid) and caffeine in coffee may pose risk of cardiovascular diseases and unhealthy mood fluctuations. Various health concerns of coffee consumption urge the need to produce a caffeine-free healthy alternative to coffee, which should also acquire the taste attributes of coffee. The development of instant coffee powder using date seeds and pomace powder for improved cognitive function can break new grounds in the market. The goal of the current study was to investigate the compositional profile of coffee prepared from date pomace and date seed powder. Date seeds were roasted at 200 °C for 20 min and a blend was made in combination with date pomace, milk powder and coconut as flavor enhancer. Proximate analysis of coffee powder such as moisture, ash, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber and NFE percentages was determined. The results showed that prepared coffee powders contained significant fiber, low fat, less protein and a nearly equal percentage of moisture and ash as compared to Coffea arabica powder (control), with nearly zero caffeine content. Preliminary tests such as color, acidity, calories, total polyphenols, DPPH test, and FRAP assay were carried out because the study attempted to replace Arabica coffee beans with date beans. Phytochemical screening of coffee powders revealed that total phenolic content was highest for CB4 (20.90 ± 0.46 mg/g) which contained maximum date seed powder (35 %). Similarly, DPPH and FRAP assay were also found maximum for CB4 which were 81.11 ± 0.32 % and 23.17 ± 0.44 % respectively. Acidity and caffeine of prepared coffee powders were lower than control. It is hypothesized that decaf coffee may substitute caffeinated coffee for neurological health.
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Djebara, Soraya, Insaf Fatima Zohra Mansour, Fatima Zohra Elkadi, et al. "Growth of lactic ferments and sensory quality of a functional fermented milk based on pulp and seeds of Citrullus colocynthis." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 8, no. 6 (2019): 235–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.8(6).p235-247.
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The general objective of this work was to open perspectives for the use of health effect plants in industrial, domestic or artisan food formulas. This work involves incorporating Citrullus colocynthis at different rates into the milk and designing a yoghurt functional food. For this purpose, the chemical composition and the antioxidant capacity of the pulp and seeds of C. colo- cynthis were determined. Biochemical analyzes showed the importance of sugars (11.31 ± 1.08%) of fat (18.90 ± 0.78%) and proteins (13.58 ± 0.52%) in the seeds compared to the pulp. The polyphenols and avonoids of the methanolic and ethanolic seed extracts were quan ta vely greater than in the pupa. However, the an radical ac vi es were doses dependent and less important in the seeds than in the pulp. The pH values obtained indicate a more pronounced acidi ca on in the milk supplemented with seed powder (PGCco). The enumera on of lactic ferments Lactobacillus bulgaricus and Streptococcus thermophilus on milk medium supplemented with PGCco showed, contrary to the medium containing the pulp powder (PPCco), growth greater than that of the control from T4h (P <0.05). The sensory anal- ysis of yogurt-type fermented milk using classi ca on and triangular tests showed that the bi erness of the PGCco-based product was no ceable from 0.5g / 100ml while that of the PPCco product at 0.2g / 100ml. The associa- on probio c-an oxidants was compa ble and argues in favor of the design of a functional food with healing properties.
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Br Girsang, Eikel Sevania, Yuliana Reni Swasti, and Franciscus Sinung Pranata. "Potensi Bubuk Daging dan Biji Buah Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) sebagai Pengawet Alami Bakso Ikan." Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan 11, no. 1 (2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17728/jatp.10416.
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Bakso ikan adalah suatu produk pangan olahan ikan yang masa simpannya singkat yaitu 12 – 24 jam pada suhu ruang. Pengawet alami dapat menjadi alternatif pengganti pengawet sintetik. Pengawet alami yang sudah banyak digunakan adalah daun dan bunga kecombrang. Penelitian ini menggunakan bubuk dan biji buah kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) sebagai pengawat alami. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberian bubuk daging dan biji buah kecombrang terhadap kualitas bakso ikan pada suhu ruang selama masa penyimpanan, dan menentukan konsentrasi optimum dalam memperpanjang masa simpan bakso. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial berdasarkan dua faktor yaitu faktor penyimpanan (0-3 hari) dan faktor perlakuan pemberian bubuk daging dan biji buah kecombrang (0-4,5%). Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi optimum pemberian bubuk daging dan biji buah kecombrang dalam memperpanjang masa simpan bakso ikan pada suhu ruang adalah 4,5% yaitu hingga penyimpanan hari ke-2 dengan jumlah total angka lempeng total (4,71 log CFU/g), jumlah S. aureus (0 log CFU/g), kadar air (56,22%), kadar protein (10,82%), total asam tertritrasi (2,73%), pH (6,29), dan tingkat kekenyalan (6,93 mm). Kesimpulan yang diperoleh adalah bubuk daging dan biji buah dapat digunakan untuk pengawet alami bakso ikan.Potential of Kecombrang (Etlingera elatior) Fruit Pulp and Seeds Powder as a Natural Preservative of Fish MeatballsAbstractFish meatball has known as manufactured fish food with a shelf life of 12 to 24 hours at room temperature. Natural preservatives can be a good alternative to synthetic preservatives. The pulp and seeds of the kecombrang fruit (Etlingera elatior) can be utilized as natural preservatives. This study aims to determine the ability of pulp and fruit seeds of kecombrang powder to inhibit the growth of Escherichia coli (Gram negative) and Staphylococcus aureus (Gram positive), determine the effect of giving pulp and fruit seeds of kecombrang on the quality of fish meatballs, and determine the optimum concentration of pulp and fruit seeds of kecombrang in extending the shelf life of meatballs. The experimental design used was a Factorial Complete Randomized Design based on two factors: duration of storage (0 to 3 days) and factor concentration of pulp and fruit seeds of kecombrang powder (0 to 4.5%). The results show that pulp and fruit seed kecombrang powder can inhibit the growth of E. coli and S. aureus. The optimum concentration in extending the shelf life of fish meatballs at room temperature was 4.5% which able to extended the shelf life until 2 days with the total plate count of 4,71 log CFU/g, total S. aureus of 0 log CFU/g, water content of 56.22%, protein content of 10.82%, total irritated acid of 2.73%, pH of 6.29, and springiness of 6.93 mm. As conclusion, pulp and fruit seed kecombrang might be used to extend the shelf life of fish meatball.
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Nyakang’i, Clinton O., Eunice Marete, Rebecca Ebere, and Joshua M. Arimi. "Physicochemical Properties of Avocado Seed Extract Model Beverages and Baked Products Incorporated with Avocado Seed Powder." International Journal of Food Science 2023 (May 31, 2023): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6860806.
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Consumption of avocado (Persea americana Mill.) has increased worldwide in recent years. The avocado pulp is used, but the peel and seed are discarded as waste. Studies have shown that the seeds are rich in phytochemicals that can be utilized in food systems. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of Hass avocado seed as a source of polyphenols in the processing of model beverages and baked products with functional properties. The proximate analysis of the avocado seed powder was carried out. The shelf life of phenols in avocado seed powder (ASP) stored in dark, amber-colored bottle and transparent bottle was studied for six months. The seed extract was incorporated into model beverages of different pHs stored at refrigerated and ambient temperatures, and the shelf life was monitored for 20 weeks. The seed powder was incorporated into baked products at 0, 15, 30, or 50% followed by total phenolic content and sensory property analysis. Proximate composition of the seed powder for moisture, ash, protein, fiber, fat, and total carbohydrates was 14.19, 1.82, 7.05, 4.00, 13.64, and 59.30 percent, respectively. During storage of the seed powder, there was no significant difference ( P > 0.05 ) in the phenol content under the different storage light conditions for six months. In the model beverages, lower pH levels (2.8, 3.8, and 4.8) and those stored at ambient temperatures (25°C) recorded lower phenol content than the control pH, i.e., 5.5, and those under refrigerated conditions throughout the storage period studied (20 weeks). The concentration of phenols in the baked products increased with increasing avocado seed powder. The color of all the queen cake formulations was liked very much by the sensory panel. The aroma of 0% and 15% ASP was liked very much, while the other formulations (30% and 50%) were liked moderately. The taste rating and overall acceptability decreased with an increasing avocado seed powder in the queen cake formulations. Avocado seed extracts can be incorporated to prepare functional beverages and functional baked products that are acceptable by sensory panelists.
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Li, Haiwen, Obaid Ullah Beg, Ahmed Reza Rafie, et al. "Characterization of Green and Yellow Papaya (Carica papaya) for Anti-Diabetic Activity in Liver and Myoblast Cells and Wound-Healing Activity in Fibroblast Cells." Nutrients 15, no. 8 (2023): 1929. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15081929.
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Obesity and diabetes, often characterized as “metabolic syndrome”, have been recognized as two of the most important public health issues worldwide. The objective of the present research was to evaluate green and yellow papaya for anti-oxidation and anti-diabetic properties. Leaves, skin, pulp, and seed samples from papayas were freeze-dried and then extracted in water or 80% methanol. The extracts were used to determine total polyphenolic content and anti-oxidation activities, and to determine biological activities, including glucose uptake, Glut-2 expression, triglyceride reduction, and wound-healing activity. Our data demonstrated that methanol and water extracts of green and yellow papaya have similar concentrations of polyphenols in skin (10–20 mg/g dry powder), leaf (25–30 mg/g dry powder), and pulp (1–3 mg/g dry powder) fractions. However, both methanol and water extracts of seeds from yellow papaya have substantially higher concentrations of polyphenols compared to green papaya. Both water and methanol extracts of yellow papaya exhibited higher anti-oxidation activity compared to green papaya in skin (50–60%), pulp (200–300%), and seeds (10–800%). Old leaves also showed greater anti-oxidation activity (30–40%) compared to new leaves. Pulp extracts from both yellow and green papaya stimulated greater glucose uptake, but only pulp from green papaya stimulated glucose uptake in muscle cells. Similarly, pulp extract stimulated glucose transporter Glut-2 expression in liver cells. The skin, pulp, and seeds of green or yellow papaya showed triglyceride-lowering activity in liver cells by 60–80%, but samples taken from yellow papaya had a more potent effect. Seeds from both green and yellow papaya significantly stimulated the migration of fibroblasts in the wounded area by 2–2.5-fold compared to the untreated control. Consistent with these data, seeds from both green and yellow papaya also significantly stimulated collagen synthesis in fibroblast cells by almost 3-fold. In conclusion, our data indicate that different parts of papaya produce stimulatory effects on glucose uptake, Glut-2 expression, TG reduction, and wound-healing activities. This study concludes that different parts of the papaya can be beneficial for preventing diabetes and diabetes-related wound healing.
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Rohini, C., P. S. Geeth, R. Vijayalakshmi, and E. Pasupathi. "Nutritional and rheological properties of pumpkin seed based fruits spread." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 14, SI (2022): 155–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v14isi.3602.
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Fruit spread is prepared by combining sugar with processed fruit juice, concentrated fruit juice, or whole fruit. Pumpkin (Curcurbita maxima) seeds are commonly seen as industrial waste and discarded. Pumpkin seed was roasted and made into powder form. β-carotene rich fruits such as mango, papaya, and muskmelon were used to extract the pulp. To obtain a desired consistency of fruit spread, the fruit pulp (25%) was blended with roasted seed powder (70%) Fruits were scattered at 5° to 10° Brix and sugar was added. To extend the shelf life and improve the quality of the spreads, they were pasteurised at 60°C for 30 minutes. The spreads were packaged in two different types of packaging material food grade glass containers and polypropylene containers. They were kept in refrigerated conditions at 4°C for further analysis. After organoleptic evaluation, the fruits spreads were analysed for nutritional content, textural properties and microbial content. Pumpkin seed based fruit spreads have 15.23 to 15.64% moisture, 6.7 to 7.18 % protein, 4.53 to 4.89% fat, 5.29 to 5.69% fiber and 15.36 to 28.67% carbohydrates. The pumpkin seed based fruit spreads had 15.41 to 23.04°Brix of total soluble solids. The fruit spreads had 85.82 to 764.54 g hardness, -88.54 to-205.45 g adhesiveness, 0.87 to 0.95 springiness,0.48 to 0.74 cohesiveness, 64.78 to 344.06 gumminess and 61.53 to 311.64 chewiness. The pumpkin seed based fruits spread had viscosities of 2.21 to 3.58 centipoises. The mango based fruit spreads had the highest score values among the fruit spreads. The fruit spread encompassed enormous bioactive compounds when compared to other fruit spreads available on the market.
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Dahab, Abeer, Rania Mahmoud, Hemat Abd El-Salam, Gehan Mahmoud, and Eman Ibrahim. "Local grape cultivars in Egypt: exploring their potential health benefits." Revista de la Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad del Zulia 42, no. 2 (2025): e254225. https://doi.org/10.47280/revfacagron(luz).v42.n2.ix.
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The biological activities of phytochemical compounds in grapes have recently attracted increasing attention due to their potential health benefits for humans. In this study, seven local grape cultivars of Egypt (Gharibi, Fayoumi, Bez El-Naka, Romy Ahmer, Edkawy, Matrouh Eswid and Baltim Eswid) were investigated to determine their phytochemical composition, antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Tannins, total phenols, total flavonoids and resveratrol content of grape pulp and seed extract were measured. The 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to determine the level of antioxidant activity. Polyphenolic compounds were identified using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Technique (LC-MS/MS). The findings revealed that, the Edkawy and Baltim Eswid cultivars presented the highest content of tannins in the seeds (0.68 and 0.65 %, respectively), and total flavonoids in the pulp and seeds (0.06 and 0.08 %, respectively). Baltim Eswid showed the best total phenols content (0.11 %) in the pulp. Overall antioxidant capacity of grape seed extracts was extremely superior to that of the pulp, where Baltim Eswid was the best in this concern. The maximum values of resveratrol for pulp and seed (46.24 and 307.12 mg.100g-1, respectively), were observed in Baltim Eswid. The main compounds found in the seed extract were the catechins, ranging from 26.51 % in Fayoumi to 35.8 % in Bez El-Naka. The study demonstrated that grape seed extract has antimicrobial properties with potential application as an antimicrobial agent in the industrial area and as an alternative treatment in the medical sector.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pulp and seed powder"
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AraÃjo, Silas Rafael Figueiredo de. "Development of powder mixtures of pulp and acerola papaya." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=10025.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior<br>The acerola tropical fruit and papaya are of great industrial interest for its nutritional and sensory characteristics. Due to the perishable nature of these fruits to adopt conservation methods is necessary. The present study aimed at obtaining "blends" powder from freeze-drying the pulp of acerola and papaya. First were performed compounds central rotational schedules, which evaluated the influence of lyophilization time and maltodextrin concentration and humidity on the hygroscopicity of the powders. From the results of the design were produced powders from acerola and papaya in optimal process conditions based on lower hygroscopicity, moisture was not considered by the planning because the powders obtained were within the standards established by Brazilian legislation. From the physico-chemical characterizations of the pulps and the pulps fresh powder was noticed good nutritional quality for both pulps primarily by ascorbic acid, in addition to considerable amounts of anthocyanins and carotenoids in relation to adsorption isotherms both the powders exhibited type III curves concave-shaped "J" typically associated with the food powders from fruit, yet papaya pulp powder showed reversal of the effect of temperature on adsorption capacity for water a range of water activity of 0,8. The Oswin model was the best fit curves for the prediction of the pulp powder at all temperatures analyzed for papaya pulp, the model proposed by BET was the best fit the data. Then experiment was conducted mixtures simplex centroid increased to three components (acerola pulp, papaya pulp and maltodextrin) to obtain the "blend" lyophilized powder, by determining the effect of the proportions of the mixture on the hygroscopicity , solubility, time and degree of rehydration Caking. The time lyophilization of "blends" was the simple arithmetic average between the times of lyophilization obtained by central composite design for the pulp powder acerola and papaya. The results of qualitative analysis of the mixture enabled the choice of test 6 with the proportions 25% acerola pulp, 50% papaya pulp and 25% maltodextrin as best assay for production of "blend" powder. The "blend" powder obtained under optimum conditions showed good physicochemical characteristics, in relation to sorption isotherms, the GAB model was the best fit the experimental data, where the curves were type III. Then there was the study of the stability of the "blend" powder in storage period of 20 days packed in polyethylene wrapped in aluminum foil. Thus, it was concluded that, after this storage period, the "blend" powder, the patient was still in powder form and has good chemical-physical characteristics and hygroscopic.<br>A acerola e mamÃo sÃo frutos tropicais de grande interesse industrial por suas caracterÃsticas nutricionais e sensoriais. Em virtude do carÃter perecÃvel desses frutos a adoÃÃo de mÃtodos de conservaÃÃo faz-se necessÃria. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo obter âblendsâ em pà a partir da liofilizaÃÃo das polpas de acerola e mamÃo. Primeiramente foram realizados planejamentos compostos central rotacionais, onde se avaliou a influÃncia do tempo de liofilizaÃÃo e concentraÃÃo de maltodextrina sobre a higroscopicidade e umidade dos pÃs obtidos. A partir dos resultados do planejamento foram produzidos os pÃs de acerola e mamÃo em condiÃÃes Ãtimas, baseadas na menor higroscopicidade. A umidade nÃo foi considerada pelo planejamento, pois os pÃs encontravam-se dentro do especificado pela legislaÃÃo brasileira. A partir das caracterizaÃÃes fÃsico-quÃmicas das polpas in natura e das polpas em pà percebeu-se boa qualidade nutricional para ambas as polpas principalmente pelo teor de Ãcido ascÃrbico, alÃm de considerÃveis teores de antocianinas e carotenÃides, em relaÃÃo Ãs isotermas de adsorÃÃo, ambos os pÃs apresentaram curvas do tipo III, cÃncavas em formato de âJâ, tipicamente associado a pÃs a base de frutos, contudo a polpa de mamÃo em pà apresentou inversÃo do efeito da temperatura sobre a capacidade de adsorÃÃo da Ãgua em uma faixa de atividade de Ãgua de 0,75. O modelo de Oswin foi o que melhor se ajustou na prediÃÃo das curvas para polpa de acerola em pà nas temperaturas analisadas. Para a polpa de mamÃo, o modelo proposto por BET foi o que melhor se ajustou aos dados. Em seguida realizou-se delineamento experimental de misturas simplex centrÃide aumentado para 3 componentes (polpa de acerola; polpa de mamÃo e maltodextrina) para obter-se âblendâ em pà liofilizado, atravÃs da determinaÃÃo do efeito das proporÃÃes da mistura sobre a higroscopicidade, solubilidade, tempo de reidrataÃÃo e grau de Caking. O tempo de liofilizaÃÃo dos âblendsâ foi à mÃdia aritmÃtica simples entre os tempos de liofilizaÃÃo obtidos pelo planejamento composto central para as polpas em pà de acerola e mamÃo. Os resultados da anÃlise qualitativa da mistura possibilitou a escolha do ensaio 6 com as proporÃÃes 25% de polpa de acerola, 50% de polpa de mamÃo e 25% de maltodextrina como melhor ensaio para produÃÃo do âblendâ em pÃ. O âblendâ em pà nas condiÃÃes Ãtimas apresentou boas caracterÃsticas fÃsico-quÃmicas, em relaÃÃo Ãs isotermas de sorÃÃo, o modelo de GAB foi o que melhor se ajustou aos dados experimentais, onde as curvas foram do tipo III. Em seguida, realizou-se o estudo da estabilidade do âblendâ em pÃ, pelo perÃodo de 20 dias acondicionados em embalagem de polietileno envolvidos em folha de alumÃnio. Com isso, concluiu-se que, apÃs este perÃodo de armazenamento, o âblendâ em pÃ, ainda apresentava-se na forma de pà e com boas caracterÃsticas fÃsico-quÃmicas e higroscÃpicas.
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Lima, NatÃlia Duarte de. "Composite drink powder containing acerola pulp (Malpighia emarginata D.C.) and dairy whey : production and stability." Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2015. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=15998.
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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior<br>The idea of uniting acerola pulp, tropical product, whey by-product of the dairy industry, led to this experiment to develop a new product with different properties, rich in ascorbic acid, proteins and minerals out. Thus, this study aimed to obtain drink made in containing acerola pulp powder and whey through drying spray-dryer. First, we evaluated the influence of process conditions (temperature:. 115-186  C and air flow rate from 3.57 to 4.43 m3 / min) on the hygroscopicity, degree of caking, moisture, color (L *, a *, b *) solubility, ascorbic acid and total protein powders using an experimental design type central composite (CCRD). The established from the best drying conditions (. 175  C and 3.7 m3 / min), an outline Simplex centroid mixtures for obtaining the best formulation of the powder mix was made containing three components: acerola pulp, whey, maltodextrin. Powders produced were analyzed the following parameters: acidity, pH, soluble solids, humidity, water activity, ascorbic acid, reducing and total sugars, lipids, protein, ash, color parameters (L *, a *, b *) , solubility, hygroscopicity, caking grade and carotenoids. The products produced by the spraying process proved to be of high quality and physical condition and satisfactory physico-chemical, the best formulation was the sample with 50: 25: 25% (m / m) of acerola pulp, whey and maltodextrin, respectively. Next, we assessed the stability of these powders during 75 days of storage laminated packaging and vacuum sealed. It was concluded that the storage kept drinking with good physical and physical-chemical characteristics, as well as ascorbic acid source (1 146.13 mg / 100g) and proteins (0.49% m / m).<br>A ideia de unir polpa de acerola, produto tropical, com soro lÃcteo subproduto da indÃstria de laticÃnios, conduziu a este experimento a desenvolver um novo produto com propriedades diferenciadas, rico em Ãcido ascÃrbico, proteÃnas e sai minerais. Neste sentido, este trabalho teve como objetivo a obtenÃÃo de bebida composta em pà contendo polpa de acerola e soro lÃcteo por meio da secagem em spray-dryer. Primeiramente, avaliou-se a influÃncia das condiÃÃes de processo (temperaturas: 115 a 186 ÂC e vazÃo de ar de 3,57 a 4,43 m3 / min.) sobre a higroscopicidade, grau de caking, umidade, cor (L*, a*, b*) solubilidade, Ãcido ascÃrbico e proteÃnas totais dos pÃs atravÃs de um planejamento experimental do tipo composto central rotacional (DCCR). A partir das melhores condiÃÃes de secagem estabelecida (175 ÂC e 3,7 m3 / min.), foi feito um delineamento de misturas Simplex Centroide para obtenÃÃo da melhor formulaÃÃo da mistura em pà contendo trÃs componentes: polpa de acerola, soro de leite e maltodextrina. Os pÃs produzidos foram analisados nos seguintes parÃmetros: acidez titulÃvel, pH, sÃlidos solÃveis, umidade, atividade de Ãgua, Ãcido ascÃrbico, aÃÃcares redutores e totais, lipÃdeos, proteÃnas, cinzas, parÃmetros de cor (L*, a*, b*), solubilidade, higroscopicidade, grau de caking e carotenoides. Os produtos produzidos pelo processo de aspersÃo mostraram-se com qualidade e condiÃÃes fÃsicas e fÃsico-quÃmicos satisfatÃrias, a melhor formulaÃÃo foi da amostra com 50:25:25% (m/m) de polpa de acerola, soro lÃcteo e maltodextrina, respectivamente. Em seguida, avaliou-se a estabilidade destes pÃs, durante 75 dias de armazenamento em embalagem laminada e selada a vÃcuo. Concluiu-se que o armazenamento manteve a bebida com boas caracterÃsticas fÃsicas e fÃsico-quÃmicas, alÃm de fonte de Ãcido ascÃrbico (1 146,13 mg / 100g) e proteÃnas (0,49% m/m).
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Marzaro, M. "Corn seed coated with neonicotinoids: environmental contamination and bee losses in spring." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3422604.
Full textAbstract:
The last ten years have witnessed, both at a national and an international level, a crisis in the beekeeping sector due to the death of bees often causing a complete depopulation of hives. This phenomenon has assumed a particularly serious intensity in the three years 2005-2008 with a loss of up to 40% of hives in some states in Europe, amongst these Italy, and losses up to 40-60% in the United States. The name “Colony Collapse Disorder has been coined to describe these generalised bee deaths and a number of questions have been raised as to the causes, amongst these are the spread of parasites such as Varroa destructor or Nosema spp., ever more extreme beekeeping techniques and the widespread environmental pollution due in great measure the use of phyto-sanitary products. The colony losses that have been observed in the Autumn in particular, are generally due to the instance of varroa, while the Spring losses, before the banning of neonicotinoids in 2008, appeared at the same time as the Spring sowing of maize seed where seed coated with insecticide of the neonicotinoid family were sown using pneumatic seed drills.
This text studies in depth aspects which are concerned with the death of bees, particularly in the Spring period. It is possible, in fact, to distinguish the causes which differentiate the losses in the Autumn, caused essentially by the bee mite Varroa destructor from the Spring losses the cause of which is associated with the sowing of maize with neonicotinoids. The means by which poisoning occurred were virtually unknown until the start of the present thesis. Up to this point the deaths had in fact been attributed to poisoning by sub-lethal doses which bees had picked up from the self-sown vegetation surrounding the sowing areas. Instead, the hypothesis has been considered that there exist sources of acute poisoning connected to the sowing of maize. Two different poisoning mechanisms were hypothesised. The first consisted of the release of droplets containing substantial quantities of active ingredient with which the bees could come into contact through a physiological phenomenon called guttation; the second mechanism considered was poisoning with insecticide through the sowing of coated maize seed, whereby large quantities of dust, containing high concentrations of insecticide, poisoned the bees in flight.
Young plants which develop raised root pressure frequently show an emission of liquid around the edge of the leaves, a phenomenon called guttation. The “drops of dew” seen on the leaves of graminaceous plants in the morning are, for most part, guttation drops, in particular on the points of the leaves. The drops are produced and remain on the lamina of the leaves of maize seedlings, often for some hours, but they can drop off or dry out rapidly if wind is present. Guttation can even remain in the calyx of the plant for the whole day. During the Spring period such drops can be used by bees as a water source with which to moisten the hive
The first two studies in this thesis illustrate and show the results of the first year of doctoral activity, that is the discovery that the droplets of guttation contain elevated concentrations, some hundreds of ppm, of inscticides (neonicotinoids) employed in the seed coating. This insecticide, being systemic (water soluble), enters into the circulation of the plant, and is thus released through guttation. Such concentrations, if we consider a bees capacity to ingest (estimated around 20-30µl), proves to be well above the lethal dose for ingestion or, even for contact (ca. 20-40µl of a.i. per bee). However, the implication of guttation in the catastrophic Spring deaths has been excluded through the observations in the field, in which it came to light that such droplets do not constitute a normal water source for bees, unless we assume a long period of drought.
Therefore, in subsequent studies the hypothesis was considered that the toxic effects of neonicotinoids used for the coating of maize seed could be directly related the exposure of bees to the dust emitted during the maize sowing. Field trials were undertaken, both with regard to the emission of particulates, and to determine the mechanisms and the factors that caused the lethal poisoning of bees.
From chemical analysis (conducted by the Department of Chemistry of the University of Padua) it was shown that, even after a single flight in the vicinity of the seed drill, that quantities from between about 50 and 1000 ng per bee were present with a maximum encountered equal to 11µg/bee. In parallel with the field trials steps were taken to quantify the amount of dust emitted by the seed drill with great precision (six trials), and at the same time to determine the dimensions of the “toxic cloud” made up of particulates projected into the air during the sowing. In the fifth study in this thesis, the presence of a toxic cloud around the machine was demonstrated which, in the absence of a sustained wind, had an ellipsoidal form of approximately 20 metres in diameter and at least 3 metres in height. Among the various results obtained, it is also important to underline the setting up of a simple biological test to establish the toxic effect to bees flying near the seed drill. These results are in precise agreement with the analytical data of emissions and/or the fall of particulates emanating from the seed drill.
The chemical analysis, in particular, allowed the putting on place of an innovative protocol to determine the amount of neonicotinoid insecticide in a single bee (seventh study); up to that point all the analysis reported in the literature concerned the examination of at least several hundreds of bees (for example kg of dead insects). It follows that the more refined chemical analysis allows the quantification of contamination in a single insect with an evident advantage in the understanding and evaluation of the cause of poisoning.<br>Negli ultimi dieci anni si è assistito, a livello nazionale ed internazionale, ad una crisi nel settore dell’apicoltura dovuto a morie di api che portano spesso ad un completo spopolamento degli alveari. Questo fenomeno ha assunto intensità particolarmente gravi nel triennio 2005-2008, con perdite fino al 40% del totale degli alveari produttivi in alcuni stati europei, tra cui l’Italia e sino al 40-60% negli Stati Uniti. Questa generalizzata moria delle api, denominata “Colony Collapse Disorder” (CCD) ha comportato una serie di interrogativi sulle cause, tra le quali la diffusione di parassiti come la Varroa destructor oppure il Nosema spp., le tecniche apistiche sempre più spinte e il diffuso inquinamento ambientale dovuto in gran parte all’uso di prodotti fitosanitari. In particolare, la perdita di colonie che si osserva in autunno è dovuta nella generalità dei casi alla varroa, mentre le perdite primaverili, osservate prima del bando dei neonicotinoidi nel 2008, avvengono in corrispondenza delle semine primaverili del mais, dove si impiegano sementi conciate con insetticidi appartenenti alla famiglia dei neonicotinoidi e seminatrici pneumatiche.
In questa tesi si sono approfonditi gli aspetti che riguardano la moria delle api, soprattutto in riferimento al periodo primaverile. Si possono infatti distinguere le cause che differenziano le perdite delle colonie nel periodo autunnale provocate essenzialmente dall’acaro Varroa destructor, dalle perdite primaverili, le cui cause, pur essendo associate alle semine del mais con neonicotinoidi, erano praticamente sconosciute nel modalità di intossicazione sino all’inizio della presente tesi; si attribuiva infatti la morte delle api a dosi sub letali acquisite dalla vegetazione spontanea circostante i seminativi. Si è considerata invece l’ipotesi che esistessero fonti di intossicazione acuta legate alla semina del mais. Si sono ipotizzati due diversi meccanismi d’azione nell’avvelenamento delle api. Il primo consiste nel rilascio, sottoforma di gocce, attraverso un fenomeno fisiologico chiamato guttazione, di ingenti quantità di principio attivo con le quali le api potrebbero venire a contatto; l’altro meccanismo considera l’intossicazione da insetticidi attraverso la semina di mais conciato con la liberazione nell’aria di particolato contenente concentrazioni altissime di insetticida con il quale le api si intossicano in volo.
Le giovani piante che sviluppano una pressione radicale elevata, mostrano frequentemente la fuoriuscita di liquido dai margini delle foglie, un fenomeno detto guttazione. Le “gocce di rugiada” osservate sulle foglie delle graminacee al mattino sono per lo più gocce di guttazione, in particolare se presenti sulla punta delle foglie. Le gocce sono prodotte e permangono sulla lamina delle foglie delle piantine di mais anche per parecchie ore, ma possono cadere o asciugarsi rapidamente in presenza di vento. Nel calice, la guttazione permane anche per tutto il giorno. Tali gocce durante il periodo primaverile possono venir utilizzate dalle api come fonte idrica anche per umettare l’alveare.
Nei primi due lavori presenti in questa tesi sono illustrati i risultati del primo anno dell’attività di dottorato, cioè la scoperta che le gocce di guttazione contengono concentrazioni elevate, anche centinaia di ppm, di insetticidi (neonicotinoidi) impiegati nella concia dei semi: queste molecole essendo idrosolubili entrano in circolo nella pianta e sono quindi parzialmente rilasciati attraverso le guttazioni. Tali concentrazioni, se si considera la capacità di ingestione di un’ape ( stimata attorno a 20-30 µl), risultano ben al di sopra della dose letale sia per ingestione ed anche per contatto (circa 20-40 ng di p.a./ape). Si è tuttavia esclusa l’implicazione delle guttazioni nelle catastrofiche morie primaverili attraverso osservazioni di campo che hanno messo in luce come tali gocce non costituiscano di norma una fonte idrica per le api a meno che, si suppone, non perduri un lungo periodo di siccità.
Nei lavori successivi si è quindi considerata l’ipotesi che l’effetto tossico dei neonicotinoidi usati per la concia del seme di mais, fosse direttamente connesso all’esposizione delle api alle polveri emesse durante la semina. Si sono svolte prove in campo, sia per quanto riguarda l’emissione del particolato, sia sul meccanismo e i fattori che provocavano un intossicazione letale alle api.
Dalle analisi chimiche (eseguite dal Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche dell’Università di Padova), le quantità di insetticidi rinvenuti su api morte, anche dopo un solo volo vicino alla seminatrice, sono comprese tra circa 50 e 1000 ng per ape, con una punta massima riscontrata pari a 11 µg/ape.
Parallelamente alle prove in campo, si è provveduto a quantificare con maggior precisione la quantità di polvere che viene emessa dalla seminatrice (sesto lavoro) e contemporaneamente a determinare la dimensione della “nube tossica” formata dal particolato proiettato in aria durante la semina. Nel quinto lavoro presente nella tesi, è stata dimostrata così la presenza di una nube tossica attorno alla macchina, che in assenza di vento sostenuto, ha la forma di un elissoide di circa 20 metri di diametro e di almeno 3 metri d’altezza. Tra i vari risultati ottenuti è rilevante sottolineare anche la messa a punto un semplice test biologico per saggiare l’effettiva intossicazione delle api in vicinanza delle seminatrici i cui risultati sono in ottimo accordo con i dati analitici di emissione e/o di ricaduta delle particelle originate con la semina.
Le analisi chimiche, in particolare, hanno consentito di mettere a punto un protocollo innovativo per la determinazione di insetticidi neonicotinoidi in singole api (settimo lavoro); sino ad ora tutte le analisi riportate in letteratura riguardano l’esame di campioni di almeno alcune decine di api (es. kg di insetti morti). Ne consegue che l’analisi chimica più raffinata permette di quantificare la contaminazione del singolo insetto con un evidente vantaggio per la comprensione e valutazione delle cause di intossicazione.
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Balayara, Assa. "An Invasive Fruit Fly, Bactrocera dorsalis (Tephritidae), on Mango in Senegal: Impact on Mango Crop Production and Value, Marketing Practices, and Management." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/81513.
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The oriental fruit fly, Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel, is an economic tephritid that invaded Senegal in 2004 (Vayssieres et al. 2011). This work determined 1) Impact of B. dorsalis on mango crop production and value, and marketing practices, 2) Effect of neem and kaolin on its behavior and development (laboratory and field), and 3) Effect of treated soil with neem seed cake (NSC) and neem seed powder (NSP) on the larval-pupal survival and development (laboratory and field). Results revealed crop value (price/kg) was associated with infestation levels. P<0.0001, crop value decreased in highly infested orchards. Southern Orchards were heavily infested than northern orchards. Early harvest, orchard sanitation, decreasing the purchase quantity, sorting infested mangoes and lowering prices were strategies used by growers and traders. Laboratory bioassays showed females landed and spent time on fruit identically on control and neem. On kaolin there were fewer landings and less time spent. P<0.0001, mean pupae was higher in control than in treated mangoes. In the field, percent of infested mangoes was higher in neem than in control and kaolin. However, the number of emerged flies was higher in the control than in either the neem or kaolin-treated fruit. Treated soil with NSC and with NSP did not have effect on pupation; all larvae pupated in the lab. However, treated soil decreased significantly the number of emerged flies. In the field, there were no significant differences between untreated and treated soil in number of emerged flies.<br>Master of Science in Life Sciences
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Wilson, Alexsis Jane. "Insect frugivore interactions : the potential for beneficial and neutral effects on host plants." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2008. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/17023/1/Alexsis_Wilson_Thesis.pdf.
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Frugivorous insects, specialised herbivores that consume fruit and seeds, are considered detrimental to host plant fitness. Their direct link to genetic fitness via consumption of plant reproductive tissue, and their negative socioeconomic association with agriculture exacerbates their harmful status. However, empirical testing of insect frugivore effects on host plants, and ecological research on the contribution of insect frugivores to multitrophic frugivory systems, is lacking. In the current study, direct effects of a non-mutualistic, insect frugivore/host plant system were tested and results showed variable effects. Beneficial, detrimental, but predominantly neutral effects on germination and seed production were observed between the Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni) and tomato and capsicum plants. Significant effects on seed production were unexpected because infestation occurs after seed set. It was also found that eggplant, although a recorded host of B. tryoni, is inconsistent in its ability to sustain B. tryoni larvae through to its final instar. These results confirmed a simplification and presumption associated with insect frugivore (specifically fruit fly)/host plant interactions. Larval movement, infestation-induced fruit decay, pulp removal and germination were then investigated. For all hosts (tomato, apple and paw paw), treatments infested by B. tryoni decayed significantly quicker and to a greater extent than uninfested treatments, with obvious but variable changes to the texture and appearance. The movement of B. tryoni larvae, pattern of infestation-induced decay and pulp removal was unique and host dependent for all hosts. Only seeds from infested tomato were shown to germinate during the experiment. This indicated that host fruit characteristics are responsible, in part, for variable direct effects on host plant fitness by insect frugivores. Variable direct effects between insect frugivores and host plants, combined with the more rapid decay of infested fruits is likely to have implications for seed dispersal and seed predation by a third trophic level. The characteristics of fruit that are changed by infestation by an insect frugivore were then tested for their effect on a vertebrate frugivore, to illustrate the importance of recognising multitrophic interactions and indirect effects in frugivory. Specifically, seed predating rodents were incorporated into the study and their response to infested and uninfested fruits were recorded, as well as their reaction to the changes in fruit caused by insect frugivores (i.e. texture,
smell, larvae presence and sound). Apple and pear infested with B. tryoni larvae were found to attract rodents, while infested tomato and paw paw had a neutral effect on the native rats. This differed from the predominant finding in the literature, which was a deterrent effect on avian seed dispersers. Vertebrate response to fruit infested with insect frugivores therefore, is variable. Assessing the indirect effect of insect frugivores on host plant fitness by attracting or deterring another trophic level requires knowledge of the direct effect between the introduced trophic level and the host plant. For example, the attraction of a seed predator may be as detrimental to host plant fitness as the deterrence of a seed disperser. This illustrates the complexity associated with assessing insect frugivore effects on host plant fitness. Results also indicated that differences in pulp texture, caused by infestation, have a significant effect on rodent preference for infested or uninfested treatments. Pulp texture is likely to effect rodent foraging efficiency, whereas the presence of B. tryoni larvae was observed to be inconsequential to rodent response to fruits. For rodents, and indeed any trophic level motivated by foraging efficiency, this finding raises the issue that for long lived fruiting plants, outside factors such as food abundance and competition for food, may cause a variable response to fruits infested by insect frugivores. From these investigations it has become apparent that insect frugivores are not consistently harmful to host plant fitness, as suggested by their negative stigma, but are likely to contribute variable effects, directly and indirectly, on multiple components of plant fitness and multitrophic frugivory systems.
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Wilson, Alexsis Jane. "Insect frugivore interactions : the potential for beneficial and neutral effects on host plants." Queensland University of Technology, 2008. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/17023/.
Full textAbstract:
Frugivorous insects, specialised herbivores that consume fruit and seeds, are considered detrimental to host plant fitness. Their direct link to genetic fitness via consumption of plant reproductive tissue, and their negative socioeconomic association with agriculture exacerbates their harmful status. However, empirical testing of insect frugivore effects on host plants, and ecological research on the contribution of insect frugivores to multitrophic frugivory systems, is lacking. In the current study, direct effects of a non-mutualistic, insect frugivore/host plant system were tested and results showed variable effects. Beneficial, detrimental, but predominantly neutral effects on germination and seed production were observed between the Queensland fruit fly (Bactrocera tryoni) and tomato and capsicum plants. Significant effects on seed production were unexpected because infestation occurs after seed set. It was also found that eggplant, although a recorded host of B. tryoni, is inconsistent in its ability to sustain B. tryoni larvae through to its final instar. These results confirmed a simplification and presumption associated with insect frugivore (specifically fruit fly)/host plant interactions. Larval movement, infestation-induced fruit decay, pulp removal and germination were then investigated. For all hosts (tomato, apple and paw paw), treatments infested by B. tryoni decayed significantly quicker and to a greater extent than uninfested treatments, with obvious but variable changes to the texture and appearance. The movement of B. tryoni larvae, pattern of infestation-induced decay and pulp removal was unique and host dependent for all hosts. Only seeds from infested tomato were shown to germinate during the experiment. This indicated that host fruit characteristics are responsible, in part, for variable direct effects on host plant fitness by insect frugivores. Variable direct effects between insect frugivores and host plants, combined with the more rapid decay of infested fruits is likely to have implications for seed dispersal and seed predation by a third trophic level. The characteristics of fruit that are changed by infestation by an insect frugivore were then tested for their effect on a vertebrate frugivore, to illustrate the importance of recognising multitrophic interactions and indirect effects in frugivory. Specifically, seed predating rodents were incorporated into the study and their response to infested and uninfested fruits were recorded, as well as their reaction to the changes in fruit caused by insect frugivores (i.e. texture,
smell, larvae presence and sound). Apple and pear infested with B. tryoni larvae were found to attract rodents, while infested tomato and paw paw had a neutral effect on the native rats. This differed from the predominant finding in the literature, which was a deterrent effect on avian seed dispersers. Vertebrate response to fruit infested with insect frugivores therefore, is variable. Assessing the indirect effect of insect frugivores on host plant fitness by attracting or deterring another trophic level requires knowledge of the direct effect between the introduced trophic level and the host plant. For example, the attraction of a seed predator may be as detrimental to host plant fitness as the deterrence of a seed disperser. This illustrates the complexity associated with assessing insect frugivore effects on host plant fitness. Results also indicated that differences in pulp texture, caused by infestation, have a significant effect on rodent preference for infested or uninfested treatments. Pulp texture is likely to effect rodent foraging efficiency, whereas the presence of B. tryoni larvae was observed to be inconsequential to rodent response to fruits. For rodents, and indeed any trophic level motivated by foraging efficiency, this finding raises the issue that for long lived fruiting plants, outside factors such as food abundance and competition for food, may cause a variable response to fruits infested by insect frugivores. From these investigations it has become apparent that insect frugivores are not consistently harmful to host plant fitness, as suggested by their negative stigma, but are likely to contribute variable effects, directly and indirectly, on multiple components of plant fitness and multitrophic frugivory systems.
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Божко, Наталія Володимирівна, Наталья Владимировна Божко, Nataliia Volodymyrivna Bozhko, В. І. Тищенко та Р. М. Радько. "Дослідження впливу порошку виноградного насіння на окислювальні процеси варено-копчених ковбас". Thesis, Дніпро, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/79160.
Full textAbstract:
Вивчали питання ефективності використання насіння винограду для гальмування окислювальних процесів у технології м’ясомістких варено-копчених ковбас із високим вмістом жиру.<br>Изучали вопрос эффективности использования семян винограда для торможения окислительных процессов в технологии мясосодержащих варено-копченых колбас с высоким содержанием жира.<br>The effectiveness of the use of grape seeds to inhibit oxidative processes in the technology of meat-containing cooked and smoked sausages with high fat content was studied.
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Tang, Yi-Ju, and 唐宜鉅. "Manufacture and Stability of Carotenoid Powder from Carrot Pulp Waste." Thesis, 1997. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70552831420698125323.
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Yakimishen, Ryan W. "An evaluation of oil extraction technologies for sea buckthorn seed and pulp oils." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/17919.
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Kronfli, Rosanna. "A Novel Design for Fully Printed Flexible AC-driven Powder Electroluminescent Devices on Paper." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/65567.
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ACPEL devices were fabricated onto various paper substrates. The dielectric and phosphor layers were mask printed, a PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT ink was inkjet-printed for the cathode and a translucent conductor was applied with a paintbrush for the anode resulting in a maximum luminance of 8.05 cd/m2 at 300 VAC and 60 Hz. It was found that the conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS/SWCNT ink on the various paper types was affected by the coating and paper thickness. Novel ACPEL devices were also fabricated by incorporating paper as the dielectric layer of the device. The maximum luminance achieved was 7.24 cd/m2 at 300 VAC and 60 Hz. It is shown that the dielectric constant of the paper and hence the performance of the resulting EL device may be enhanced by filling the sheet with BaTiO3 and by the surface treatment of the sheet.
Books on the topic "Pulp and seed powder"
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Nava, Stefano, and Luca Fasano. Ventilator Liberation Strategies. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0039.
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The weaning process should ideally begin as soon as the patient is intubated and continue through the treatment of the cause inducing acute respiratory failure. Weaning includes the assessment of readiness to extubate, extubation, and post-extubation monitoring; it also includes consideration of non-invasive ventilation which has been shown to reduce the duration of invasive mechanical ventilation in selected patients. Weaning accounts for approximately 40% of the total time spent on mechanical ventilation and should be achieved rapidly, since prolonged mechanical ventilation is associated with increased risk of complications and mortality and with increased costs. During mechanical ventilation, medical management should seek to correct the imbalance between respiratory load and ventilatory capacity (reducing the respiratory and cardiac workload, improving gas exchange and the ventilatory pump power). Ventilator settings delivering partial ventilatory pump support may help prevent ventilator-induced respiratory muscles dysfunction. Daily interruption of sedation has been associated with earlier extubation. Critically ill patients should be repeatedly and carefully screened for readiness to wean and readiness to extubate, and objective screening variables should be fully integrated in clinical decision making.
Book chapters on the topic "Pulp and seed powder"
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Mittal, Vikas, Ali Usman Chaudhry, and Nadejda B. Matsko. "Biocomposites with Biopolyesters and Date Seed Powder." In Spherical and Fibrous Filler Composites. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527670222.ch10.
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Devi, T. Aruna, R. Jeykumar, and R. Ilangovan. "An Experimental Study on Removal of Cadmium Using Annona Squamosa Seed Powder and Phyllanthus Acidus Seed Powder." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4629-4_45.
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Harun, Noor Faizah Che, Muhamad Mohd Rosli, Mohd Aizuddin Shahmi A’zim, Haniza Kahar, and Mizah Ramli. "Bio-Based Adhesive from Extracted Durian Seed Powder." In Materials Innovations and Solutions in Science and Technology. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-26636-2_4.
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Stiles, E. W. "The influence of pulp lipids on fruit preference by birds." In Frugivory and seed dispersal: ecological and evolutionary aspects. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1749-4_16.
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Sivasathya, B., A. Kalaicelvi, and K. K. Kavitha. "Bioremediation of Dye Effluent Using Dodonae Viscosa Seed Powder." In Environmental Science and Engineering. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64122-1_10.
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Hari, B. S., S. Anandakumar, V. Prasanna, R. Rajasekar, P. Rathish, and D. Dinesh. "Estimation of Mechanical Properties of Nylon 6 Containing Dates and Tamarind Seed Powder." In Springer Proceedings in Materials. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-7071-7_19.
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Karunakaran, Ravikumar. "Comprehensive Zeta Potential Analysis of Moringa oleifera-Based Coagulants for Heavy Metal Removal." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-4355-1_58.
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AbstractThis study investigates the efficacy of Moringa oleifera-derived coagulants for removing Cd, Cr, and Pb from water through zeta potential analysis. The surface charge characteristics of Moringa oleifera seed, gum powder, bentonite clay, and clay-polymer composites are explored, emphasizing their role in coagulation-flocculation processes. The isoelectric point (IEP) is identified as a crucial parameter, underlining its significance in the colloidal system. Results highlight promising heavy metal removal by Moringa oleifera seed, gum, and their composite coagulants. The research offers unique insights into the zeta potential characteristics of these coagulants, emphasizing pH’s importance in heavy metal removal. This holistic examination of Moringa oleifera-derived coagulants presents a promising avenue for sustainable water purification practices.
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Do, Quang Duy, Hung Quang Tran, Thien Bat Le, Lan Xuan Phung, and Trung Kien Nguyen. "Thermal Analysis by Finite Element Model for Powder Screw Extruder for 3D Printing Method." In The AUN/SEED-Net Joint Regional Conference in Transportation, Energy, and Mechanical Manufacturing Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-1968-8_66.
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Gokulkumar, S., T. Kannan, N. Karthi, et al. "Development and Characterization of Glycine Max Seed Powder Blended with Unidirectional Agave Fourcroydes Reinforced Epoxy Nanocomposite." In Springer Proceedings in Materials. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-5567-1_12.
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Karagecili, Hasan. "Grape Seeds Using As Natural Antioxidant Sources." In Natural Antioxidants and in Vitro Antioxidant Assays. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053359333.11.
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Grape seeds (GS) are waste products from the manufacturing of wine, molasses, and fruit juice. They are the portion of grapes that have the highest concentration of phenolic and antioxidant chemicals, second only to the fruits. In addition to highly polymerized procyanidins, the GS contains catechin, epicatechin, gallocatechin, epigallocatechin, and gallic acid. GS may be a good substitute for being used in the creation of new goods with a high added value, such as antioxidant-rich smart foods that are extremely concentrated. Because of its strong antioxidant, anticancer, antibacterial, anti-aging, antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory properties, grape seed extracts (GSE) is frequently used as a dietary supplement and is generally considered safe. Analysis of grape cultivars’ seeds, pulp, and peel revealed that the seeds’ capacity to scavenge DPPH was noticeably greater than that of the peels and pulps. Grape seed is effective against common metabolic diseases such as diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, cancer, hypertension, and microbial pathogens, as proven by in vitro and in vivo experiments, due to the antioxidant molecules it contains. It is responding to a growing consumer demand to replace other synthetic antioxidants in fortifying and extending the shelf life of many foods, such as cheese, milk, and meat. Grape seeds are a natural antioxidant source of functional foods, food additives and pharmacological compounds with their rich bioactive molecule content.
Conference papers on the topic "Pulp and seed powder"
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Tirumala, Sarat, Zhenhua Guo, and William H. Renninger. "> 1 MW Peak Power at 1300 nm through Efficient Fiber Parametric Chirp-Matched Amplification." In CLEO: Science and Innovations. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/cleo_si.2024.stu3d.1.
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Efficient fiber parametric amplification of ultrashort pulses is achieved at 1300 nm by tailoring the relative chirp between passively synchronized pump and seed sources. 180-fs pulses with >1-MW peak power are observed, in agreement with numerical predictions.
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Thomas, Charles, Liam Rowlands, Keith Lichti, and Nathan Gibson. "Failure Analysis of a Vacuum Pump Component in a Geothermal Power Plant." In CONFERENCE 2023. NACE International, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19044.
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Abstract A cast stainless steel vacuum pump element failed after 10 years of service in a geothermal power plant where it was used to provide vacuum for operation of a direct contact condenser operating at 0.1 bar. The environment encountered included some wetness and non-condensable gases CO2, H2S, NH3 from the geothermal steam and some O2 derived from the recirculating cooling water taken from the cooling tower coldwell. The primary damage mechanisms were localized pitting corrosion and Stress Corrosion Cracking (SCC) in the aerated sulfur containing environment. The source of the stress was a combination of service loads and residual stress in the type 316 alloy CF8M (UNS J92900) casting. This paper provides a summary of the failure investigation work and compares the observed damage mechanisms with those seen previously in Slow Strain Rate tests in simulated geothermal power station recirculating cooling water and with heated U-Bends with a drip solution containing low levels of chloride and sulfide. Identification of the primary damage mechanisms facilitated the development of guidelines for determining the replacement material criteria.
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Reich, Stefan, and Christian Pfütze. "Material composition for sustainable interior building elements." In IABSE Symposium, Tokyo 2025: Environmentally Friendly Technologies and Structures: Focusing on Sustainable Approaches. International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2025. https://doi.org/10.2749/tokyo.2025.3233.
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<p>The supply of many traditional building materials will face considerable procurement difficulties in the near future, whether due to material shortages, changes in industrial production processes or rising costs of CO2 emissions. The development of new substitute materials is therefore urgently needed and should be a high priority in the construction industry.</p><p>The shortage of gypsum and gypsum plasterboard due to the conversion of coal-fired power plants to renewable energy generation will be eminent due to the lack of flue gas desulphurization and its by-product gypsum.</p><p>The paper-lime material developed appears to be a suitable building material for indoor use, the properties of which have now been adapted and improved. The article describes the background, secondary raw materials, material mixture, production and testing of the mechanical properties.</p><p>The primary materials are waste paper, limestone powder or brick chippings or glass abrasion and lime, which is used as a binder. The previously shredded waste paper is used as aggregate to reduce the amount of additives, which can be primary or secondary raw materials.</p><p>The material promises a significantly lower release of CO2 during its life cycle, as high process temperatures are largely avoided during production. High energy consumption due to hot production temperatures only occurs during binder production. All other materials are either secondary raw materials, recycled materials or low-energy primary raw materials.</p><p>The production process involves making a pulp from shredded paper, limestone powder and stone or glass grinding powder and lime in a suitable mixing ratio.</p><p>The properties of the different mixtures were determined by testing the produced prisms of 40mmx40mmx160mm. The test specimens were tested for compressive and flexural strength according to the 3-point bending test of EN 196-1. Element tests with a standardized masonry test according to EN 1052.</p>
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Carrijo-Gonçalves, Gabriel A., Idalina V. Aoki, Tácia C. Veloso, and Vera R. Capelossi. "Modified Salt Spray Test to Evaluate Zinc Electroplating Coating with Co-deposited Natural Particles." In LatinCORR 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/lac23-20590.
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Extended Abstract Among the electroplating techniques, the co-deposition of non-metallic particles has become a prominent alternative due their specific properties. The use of natural compounds from agro-industrial residues, such as avocado seed powder (ASP) and garlic peel powder (GPP), in the electroplating bath can improve corrosion resistance, change roughness profile, and modify the coating wettability. This work aims to evaluate the influence of different concentration of agro-industrial residues co-deposited in the zinc coating employing salt spray test (SST), adapting ASTM B117. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images were used to characterize the morphology of deposits and it was correlated with salt spray test (SST) results. The coated samples have been monitored every hour until the 8th hour, finishing after 24 h. Different concentrations of ASP and GPP (0.060 g/L, 0.330 g/L, and 0.600 g/L) were evaluated and compared to the coating without natural particles. In the first hours of exposure, the samples began to show corrosion points characteristic of zinc coating. ASP samples did not resist as much as GPP samples after 4 h of exposure. The GPP samples were almost intact after 8 h of exposure. After 24 h, all samples showed generalized corrosion. The GPP samples presented the most homogeneous, compact, brighter, and refined grain deposits by SEM images analysis. This procedure was sensitive enough to indicate that the 0.330 g/L GPP sample showed greater corrosion resistance.
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Ramirez, Andrea Marciales, Tesfaalem Haile, Behzad Ahvazi, and Tamer Crosby. "Parametric Studies on the Performance of Lignin as a Corrosion Inhibitor on AISI 1018 Carbon Steel Immersed in Model Brackish Water." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-12885.
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Abstract This work evaluates the suitability of lignin as corrosion inhibitor when AISI 1018 carbon steel coupons were used as tests specimens. A stock solution of lignin powder, provided by an Albertan Pulp and Paper mill company, was tested for its inhibition efficiency in Rotating Cylinder Electrode (RCE) system according to ASTM G185-06. The testing environment consisted of modelled brackish water at different temperatures and pH values (30°C, 50°C and 85°C; pH=6 and 8). The corrosion rates of the test specimens calculated by both linear polarization resistance (LPR) and weight loss methods indicated optimum lignin performance for all the temperature conditions tested and a pH of 6. The test medium containing lignin reduced the corrosion rate by more than 90% compared to the baseline corrosion rate measurement (medium without lignin). The corrosion potential of the baseline test specimens were &lt;-700 mV (more negative) and became more positive after lignin was added to the model brackish water system, indicating corrosion severity of the test medium in the absence of the inhibitor. Then after test optical imaging of the corrosion coupons showed no significant general corrosion and pitting in those test conditions containing lignin compared to the control specimens.
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Goranova, Zhivka, Todorka Petrova, Ivan Bakalov, and Marianna Baeva. "Application of pumpkin seed powder in sponge cakes." In Resource and Energy Saving Technologies of Production and Packing of Food Products as the Main Fundamentals of Their Competitiveness: Proceedings of the 7th International Specialized Scientific and Practical Conference. National University of Food Technologies, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.24263/res-2019-8.
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Wang, Ya, Ping Zhao, Shangzhen Zhou, Jiayin Li, Haining He, and Qinglian Song. "Enzymatic browning and its control during potato pulp powder processing." In 2011 International Conference on New Technology of Agricultural Engineering (ICAE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icae.2011.5943927.
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Narain, Narendra, Anderson Santos Fontes, Maria Terezinha Santos Leite-Neta, et al. "Aroma retention during drying of caja-umbu fruit pulp." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7811.
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This study was aimed to obtain and characterize the dried powder of cajá-umbu (Spondias spp) fruit pulp obtained by spray-drying and lyophilization. Spray-drying of the pulp was done at different temperatures. Analysis of bioactive compounds and volatile compounds was performed. The total phenolic compounds content was high in the dried powder obtained at the temperature of 140 °C. The volatiles analysis of dried powders revealed that the powder dried at 140°C contained a larger number of compounds. The cajá-umbu powder showed that it is a better alternative for storage and conservation since it retained the majority of volatile compounds. Keywords: Cajá-umbu, volatile compounds, gas chromatography, mass spectrometry.
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Sahlan, Muhamad, Vina Damayanti, Dewi Tristantini, Heri Hermansyah, Anondho Wijanarko, and Yuko Olivia. "Antimicrobial activities of pomelo (Citrus maxima) seed and pulp ethanolic extract." In 2ND BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING’S RECENT PROGRESS IN BIOMATERIALS, DRUGS DEVELOPMENT, AND MEDICAL DEVICES: Proceedings of the International Symposium of Biomedical Engineering (ISBE) 2017. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5023949.
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Narain, Narendra, P. M. Nogueira, M. T. Leite Neta, H. C. S. Araújo, M. S. Jesus, and S. Shanmugam. "Effect of spray drying on volatile compounds of acerola pulp." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7808.
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The objective of this work was to optimize the drying conditions in order to obtain acerola powder and to focus on the product aroma quality. Acerola fruits were selected, washed and sanitized before extracting the pulp. An emulsion was obtained by adding maltodextrin in the pulp. The dehydrated powders were obtained in spray dryer by drying at inlet temperatures of 128 and 152 ºC. Twenty five volatile compounds were identified in fresh acerola pulp and in the dehydrated powder. These results prove that use of maltodextrin in spray drying of acerola pulp helps in retention of key aroma compounds in acerola powder. Keywords: Acerola, Spray drying, dehydration, volatiles, aroma, GC-MS.
Reports on the topic "Pulp and seed powder"
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Salcedo, Felipe, Jose Bejarano, Juan Diaz, Yina Ortega, and Ariel Vaca. Production of a starch-based polymeric coating with incorporation of bioactive principles from chemical synthesis to extend the shelf life of cavendish banana. Universidad de los Andes, 2024. https://doi.org/10.51573/andes.pps39.ss.bbb.4.
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Crown rot is a severe postharvest disease affecting tropical and subtropical fruits like mango, avocado, papaya, and banana. It is caused by fungal pathogens that penetrate the fruit, reducing its pulp and leading to premature ripening. Systemic fungicides have been used to control these fungi, typically applied to seeds, leaves, or fruits to prevent disease spread. However, traditional fungicides can pose toxicity risks to the environment and human health. Essential oils are chemical substances that can be found in plants and have antifungal capacity. Essential oils are being investigated as an alternative to traditional fungicides since they are less toxic to the environment and human health; however, they are more expensive and less efficient than traditional fungicides. Accordingly, chemically synthesizing the chemical compounds that are the active antifungal agent inside essential oils can be an ecological and effective approach to produce a new generation of antifungals. In this study, modified starch was investigated as a carrier for thymol (active antifungal agent in thyme oil) incorporation using four distinct methods. Emulsions of starch and thymol were prepared and spray dried to obtain a soluble powder that was used to produce coatings. The most effective method for thymol incorporation yields a retention of approximately 40% according to gas chromatography analysis. In-vitro results indicated that thymol incorporated into the matrix exhibited antifungal effects against key fungi responsible for crown rot disease in Cavendish bananas at concentrations greater than 6% w/w relative to the coating matrix.
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Simmonds, Philippa, and Clare Lally. Green skills in education and employment. Parliamentary Office of Science and Technology, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58248/pn711.
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Green skills can be defined as “the knowledge, abilities, values and attitudes needed to live in, develop and support a society which reduces the impact of human activity on the environment”. Several definitions exist, with some being focused on technical skills for jobs that play a major role in reaching net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050 (for example, heat pump installation). Other definitions are broader, and include enabling skills and attitudes, such as public engagement and systems thinking. The lack of a consistent definition can make it challenging to analyse the supply and demand for different skills in the UK workforce. Evidence suggests that developing green skills will be achieved mainly by upskilling the current workforce, but all components of the education system will play a role in increasing skills and raising awareness of green career paths. The vocational education pathway will be particularly important. There is low public awareness of green skills and green career paths, and commentators propose that this could be improved through public engagement and improved careers advice in schools and further education colleges. Sectors such as power generation, construction, waste and resources are likely to see growth and a significant update in skills as part of the net zero transition. These sectors also tend to have an ageing workforce with a substantial proportion approaching retirement. Stakeholders propose that improving diversity in key sectors may help to mitigate green skills shortages. Other challenges include regional variation in demand for and access to green skills development, and shifting policy priorities leading to a lack of investment in training by employers. Training has also seen an overall reduction in investment in training by both the UK Government and employers. Stakeholders have advocated that green skills development could align with levelling up ambitions. There is strong consensus that policy certainty from government would support private sector investment in green technologies, demand for green skills, and provision of green skills training.
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Kozhakhiyeva, Madina, Stefan Dragoev, Yasin Uzakov, and Almagul Nurgazezova. Improving of the Oxidative Stability and Quality of New Functional Horse Meat Delicacy Enriched with Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Fruit Powder Extracts or Seed Kernel Pumpkin (Cucurbita pero L.) Flour. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.01.18.
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Kozhakhiyeva, Madina, Stefan Dragoev, Yasin Uzakov, and Almagul Nurgazezova. Improving of the Oxidative Stability and Quality of New Functional Horse Meat Delicacy Enriched with Sea Buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides) Fruit Powder Extracts or Seed Kernel Pumpkin (Cucurbita pero L.) Flour. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/grabs2018.1.18.
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น้อยตั้ง, ศจี, ศรินทิพ สุกใส, เรืองวิทย์ สว่างแก้ว та วีระเดช สุขเอียด. ความสามารถในการอุ้มน้ำมันและฤทธิ์ในการต้านอนุมูลอิสระของผลิตภัณฑ์ผงเมล็ดแมงลัก. จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย, 2018. https://doi.org/10.58837/chula.res.2018.101.
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งานวิจัยนี้มีวัตถุประสงค์เพื่อ 1) เพื่อศึกษาคุณสมบัติต่างๆ ของผงเมล็ดแมงลัก ประกอบด้วย องค์ประกอบทางเคมี, ความสามารถในการอุ้มน้ำ และปริมาตรในการพองตัวเฉพาะ 2) เพื่อการทดสอบฤทธิ์ในการต้านอนุมูลอิสระของสารสกัดจากผงเมล็ดแมงลัก (Ocimum seed powder) ที่สกัดด้วยน้ำกึ่งวิกฤต และตัวทำละลายต่างๆ โดยงานวิจัยนี้ ผงเมล็ดแมงลักที่นำมาศึกษา มีความชื้น โปรตีน ไขมัน เส้นใยหยาบ เถ้า และคาร์โบไฮเดรต (ร้อยละ 6.41, 16.87, 5.23, 32.15, 7.06 และ 32.29 ตามลำดับ) รวมถึงมีคุณสมบัติเด่นคือมีปริมาตรในการพองตัว (189.03 มิลลิลิตร/กรัม) และความสามารถในการอุ้มน้ำ (71.02 กรัม/กรัม) ผลของความสามารถในการอุ้มน้ำมันของผงเมล็ดแมงลักเมื่อเปรียบเทียบกับผลิตภัณฑ์ต่างๆ ได้แก่ ไคโตซาน กัมอะราบิก แซนแทนกัม และกัวร์กัม พบว่า ไคโตซานและกัมอะราบิกให้ค่าความสามารถในการอุ้มน้ำมัน (2.94 กรัมน้ำมันต่อกรัมตัวอย่าง) สูงที่สุด โดยที่ผงเมล็ดแมงลักที่ยังไม่ผ่านการฆ่าเชื้อจะให้ค่าความสามารถในการอุ้มน้ำมัน (2.76 กรัมน้ำมันต่อกรัมตัวอย่าง) มากกว่าผงเมล็ดแมงลักที่ผ่านการฆ่าเชื้อแล้ว แซนแทนกรัม และ กัวร์กัม (2.65, 2.54 และ 2.38 กรัมน้ำมันต่อกรัมตัวอย่าง ตามลำดับ) เมื่อนำมาทำการสกัดสารด้วยวิธีดังนี้ น้ำกึ่งวิกฤต (121 องศาเซลเซียส นาน 60 นาที 3 รอบ) และตัวทำละลายต่างๆ (โดยใช้ความเข้มข้นกรดไฮโดรคลอริกร้อยละ 1 ในน้ำ และ กรดไฮโดรคลอริกร้อยละ 0, 0.1 และ 1 ในเอทานอลร้อยละ 95) พบว่าน้ำกึ่งวิกฤตสามารถสกัดสารพอลิแซ็กคาไรด์ (16.77 มิลลิกรัมกลูโคสต่อกรัมสารสกัด) และโปรตีน (ร้อยละ 7.01) ได้มากที่สุด รองลงมาคือ กรดไฮโดรคลอริกความเข้มข้นร้อยละ 1 ในน้ำ สามารถสกัดสารพอลิแซ็กคาไรด์ได้ 10.81 มิลลิกรัมกลูโคสต่อกรัมสารสกัด และโปรตีนได้ร้อยละ 6.22) และเมื่อนำสารสกัดที่ได้มาทดสอบฤทธิ์ในการต้านอนุมูลอิสระโดยวิธี ดีพีพีเอส พบว่าสารสกัดที่ได้จากการสกัดด้วยตัวทำละลายที่ความเข้มข้น กรดไฮโดรคลอริกร้อยละ 1 ในน้ำให้ค่าความเข้มข้นที่สารนั้นมีประสิทธิภาพในการยับยั้งที่ร้อยละ 50 (IC₅₀) ที่น้อยที่สุดคือ 0.002 มิลลิกรัมต่อมิลลิลิตร (2 พีพีเอ็ม) แต่การสกัดด้วยน้ำกึ่งวิกฤตทำให้ค่า IC₅₀ ของสารสกัดมากที่สุดคือ 4.405 มิลลิกรัมต่อมิลลิลิตร ในการวิเคราะห์ปริมาณสารประกอบฟีนอลิกทั้งหมด พบว่าการสกัดด้วยน้ำกึ่งวิกฤตให้ปริมาณสารประกอบฟีนอลิกมากที่สุด รองลงมาคือ การสกัดด้วยกรดไฮโดรคลอริกที่ความเข้มข้นร้อยละ 0.1 ในน้ำ (48.42 และ 41.03 มิลลิกรัมกรดแกลลิกต่อกรัมสารสกัด) ซึ่งสารประกอบฟีนอลิกเป็นสารที่สามารถละลายน้ำได้ดี