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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Quality control organization

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Academic literature on the topic 'Quality control organization'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 30 May 2022

Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Quality control organization"

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Barkai, Ofer. "The Control Process Effectiveness: Organization Versus Customer." Journal of Business & Economics Research (JBER) 11, no. 8 (2013): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jber.v11i8.7978.

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This research project, which was implemented in an organization whose primary function is providing service (Telecommunication company), studies the scope of the correlation between the quality of service from the customers point of view (customer survey) and the organization (Telecommunication company systems). The research is important both for economic and scientific reasons. It involves many organizational control units which require significant monetary investments. From a scientific point of view, the research is important because it can shed light on the asymmetrical point of view existing between customers and organizations. Organizations that are service providers place high importance on the quality of service and their image as perceived by their customers. Quality of service is measured through internal control processes and from there is passed on to the staff who are directly involved in customer service. In this study, we focus on a large organization which implements control processes and then provides service to customers. Therefore, the activities of this organization are judged first and foremost on the basis of the service quality provided. The existing internal control processes of the organization, which measure the standard of service provided on the basis of organizational benchmarks are separate from those that measure customer satisfaction. In this project, we analyze the correlation between the outlook of the customer and the results of internal control processes.

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Jovanović, Marina, and Snežana Urošević. "THE QUALITY CONTROL AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT IMPACT ON PROCESS APPROACH DEVELOPMENT." Applied Researches in Technics, Technologies and Education 16, no. 2 (2018): 178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/artte.2018.02.015.

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This paper presents the influence of quality control and quality management on the development of process approach. One of the most important quality management principles is called process approach. Process approach is increasingly applied in business organizations, primarily because of the positive economic effects that it brings with it. One of the most significant advantages of process approach is the ability to manage quality in all business segments of the organization. In addition, the importance of process approach is reflected in emphasizing desires, needs and expectations of customers. Quality control systems and quality management can play a very important role in process approach development, primarily because of the fact that they represent extremely important elements of every process. The underlying hypothesis we want to demonstrate in our work is that quality control and quality management have a tremendous impact on the development of process approaches in organizations. Quality control and quality management, in modern business conditions, are of great importance for the realization of all business activities within the organization. The development and efficient application of the process approach are one of the most important prerequisites for long-term profitability of the organization's operations and their market success.

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Dotsenko, A. N., and O. V. Iovleva. "ECONOMIC SUBJECT’S PLANNING QUALITY CONTROL ORGANIZATION." Herald of the Belgorod University of Cooperation, Economics and Law 4, no. 71 (2018): 40–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.21295/2223-5639-2018-4-40-48.

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Yang, Jia. "Turbocharger Production Organization and Quality Control." Advanced Materials Research 422 (December 2011): 420–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.422.420.

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Turbocharger production in production is the basis for organizing the production. In a decentralized organization under the condition of the expansion of the scale of production and the mode of production of the dispersion area turbocharger production characteristics. In the scale of production expands unceasingly in the situation, the relevant enterprises and personnel are involved in this organization system. For a supercharger assembly production offerred rich component source. This phenomenon has enriched the turbocharger production models and production scale is continually expanding. In the turbocharger parts quality control is respective to the production control. But the overall quality control is not one or two enterprises or machine production enterprises can complete. Quality control needs of enterprises of the serial and parallel control. The ways of organizing production and product quality control has been formed a regional product characteristics. The final part quality control is made with the production capacity of enterprises through the parts detection. Turbocharger assembly process and experiment by production enterprises. The use effect of the product by the engine manufacturing plant through practical application effect detection.

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alá, Jana, and Ľubica Černá. "Information Quality, Its Dimension and the Basic Criteria for Assessing Information Quality." Research Papers Faculty of Materials Science and Technology Slovak University of Technology 20, Special-Number (2012): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10186-012-0015-4.

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Abstract Poor quality of information in modern organizations depends on many aspects. As such the size and nature of the information, human factors, organizational culture, experience and skills as a manager and other team members, technology, but also the quality of inputs including, but not least, include data quality. Applying methodology of quality control help organizations create effective management of its information. The method of quality information control depends on all those aspects. The importance of the organization should be given to dispose of an optimum amount of information in the required quality and especially to share this information. Quality information is the key to the success of the project management, but also in many other areas. Understanding the mechanics of control information management and class is essential, but it is experience that distinguishes successful information quality managers.

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Stolbova, I., E. Aleksandrova, M. Kraynova, and L. Kochurova. "Organization of Quality Control System Graphic Training." Геометрия и графика 4, no. 3 (2016): 73–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/21536.

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Loncar, Dragan. "Postmodern organization and new forms of organizational control." Ekonomski anali 50, no. 165 (2005): 105–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/eka0565105l.

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This article displays post bureaucratic organisational concept as an adequate representative of all emerging organizational forms which are natural result of persistent initiatives to flexibly and intensify working process. Under this term we assume all budding ?sub-representatives' such as Total Quality Management (TQM), Just-in-time concept (JIT), network systems and joint ventures, virtual organizations, teamwork and other related structures. The author concludes that main virtues of new organizational paradigm are flexibility, decentralization, higher employee empowerment, knowledge and information sharing, responsibility for the system as a whole and permanent learning. On the other hand, some downsides become obvious. Those are danger from anarchy, responsibility and stress, greater employees' insecurity and resistance to new practices. Furthermore, the paper shed light on power and identity dynamics through the lens of improved and still intentional methods of organizational control. The main argument is that compulsive desire to control never fades away, only the methods of control takes different, more advanced forms through organizational culture, vocabulary and discourses monitoring at a distance, peer evaluation inside teams, employee selection and many others.

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Yang, Jia, and Lijun Qiu. "Turbocharger in Regional Production Organization and Quality Control." Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering and Technology 5, no. 20 (2013): 4840–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.19026/rjaset.5.4329.

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Beeser, H., and J. Fischer. "QUALITY CONTROL ORGANIZATION OF COAGULATION TESTS IN GERMANY." Scandinavian Journal of Haematology 24, S37 (2009): 145–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0609.1980.tb01351.x.

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Filina, I. A. "Quality control in the balanced scorecard in pharmacy organization." Remedium. Journal about the Russian market of medicines and medical equipment, no. 10 (2014): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/1561-5936-2014-10-61-65.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Quality control organization"

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Milicic, Drazen, and Pontus Svensson. "Sparks to a living quality organization." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för programvaruteknik och datavetenskap, 1998. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2731.

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Майборода, Тетяна Миколаївна, Татьяна Николаевна Майборода, Tetyana Mykolaivna Mayboroda, and D. O. Lysak. "Features of application of KAIZEN and total quality management (TQM) approaches in quality management at enterprises." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/82530.

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Adam, Constantin. "Scalable Self-Organizing Server Clusters with Quality of Service Objectives." Licentiate thesis, KTH, School of Electrical Engineering (EES), 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-272.

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<p>Advanced architectures for cluster-based services that have been recently proposed allow for service differentiation, server overload control and high utilization of resources. These systems, however, rely on centralized functions, which limit their ability to scale and to tolerate faults. In addition, they do not have built-in architectural support for automatic reconfiguration in case of failures or addition/removal of system components.</p><p>Recent research in peer-to-peer systems and distributed management has demonstrated the potential benefits of decentralized over centralized designs: a decentralized design can reduce the configuration complexity of a system and increase its scalability and fault tolerance.</p><p>This research focuses on introducing self-management capabilities into the design of cluster-based services. Its intended benefits are to make service platforms dynamically adapt to the needs of customers and to environment changes, while giving the service providers the capability to adjust operational policies at run-time.</p><p>We have developed a decentralized design that efficiently allocates resources among multiple services inside a server cluster. The design combines the advantages of both centralized and decentralized architectures. It allows associating a set of QoS objectives with each service. In case of overload or failures, the quality of service degrades in a controllable manner. We have evaluated the performance of our design through extensive simulations. The results have been compared with performance characteristics of ideal systems.</p>

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Adam, Constantin. "A Middleware for Self-Managing Large-Scale Systems." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Skolan för elektro- och systemteknik (EES), 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-4178.

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This thesis investigates designs that enable individual components of a distributed system to work together and coordinate their actions towards a common goal. While the basic motivation for our research is to develop engineering principles for large-scale autonomous systems, we address the problem in the context of resource management in server clusters that provide web services. To this end, we have developed, implemented and evaluated a decentralized design for resource management that follows four principles. First, in order to facilitate scalability, each node has only partial knowledge of the system. Second, each node can adapt and change its role at runtime. Third, each node runs a number of local control mechanisms independently and asynchronously from its peers. Fourth, each node dynamically adapts its local configuration in order to optimize a global utility function. The design includes three fundamental building blocks: overlay construction, request routing and application placement. Overlay construction organizes the cluster nodes into a single dynamic overlay. Request routing directs service requests towards nodes with available resources. Application placement partitions the cluster resources between applications, and dynamically adjusts the allocation in response to changes in external load, node failures, etc. We have evaluated the design using complexity analysis, simulation and prototype implementation. Using complexity analysis and simulation, we have shown that the system is scalable, operates efficiently in steady state, quickly adapts to external events and allows for effective service differentiation by a system administrator. A prototype has been built using accepted technologies (Java, Tomcat) and evaluated using standard benchmarks (TPC-W and RUBiS). The evaluation results show that the behavior of the prototype matches closely that of the simulated design for key metrics related to adaptability and robustness, therefore validating our design and proving its feasibility.<br>QC 20100629

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Fortin, Amanda Michelle. "Exploring Communicative Aspects of Client Satisfaction, Loyalty, and Retention in a Private, Non-profit Organization: A Qualitative, Interview-Based Study of Catholic Charities." PDXScholar, 2014. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1695.

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This thesis focuses on Catholic Charities (Hereafter CC), a non-profit agency that provides pregnancy and adoption support to families in times of crisis. Research and agency data reflect a positive association between the amount of time clients engage in services and the resolution of crises. Both theoretically and empirically, a key determinant of the depth and breadth of clients' engagement with both for-profit and non-profit services is their satisfaction with such services. In 2009-2010, CC's in-house, client surveys reported a decreasing level of client engagement with services. One clear trend was that clients discontinued services after thirty days or less. Against this trend, CC aims to provide social services for an extended period of time (i.e. longer than thirty days) in order to insure that clients have fully recovered from crises. In order to understand possible reasons for clients' low or short engagement rates, this thesis analyzes clients' satisfaction with CC services. Using a grounded-theory approach, twenty semi-structured interviews with former and current CC clients were analyzed for communication-based themes involving clients' satisfaction with services. Four macro-themes emerged: (1) Positive Caseworker Personality, (2) Feeling Emotionally Supported, (3) Feeling Helped, and (4) Positive Counseling Environment. Findings have implications for both theories of satisfaction and the offering and practice of CC services.

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Larson, Curtis E. "Implementing Kaizen practices in U.S. organizations." Online version, 1998. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/1998/1998larsonc.pdf.

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Cossatis, Nataly de Almeida. "Qualidade microbiológica e vigilância sanitária de plantas medicinais brasileiras." reponame:Repositório Institucional da FIOCRUZ, 2015. https://www.arca.fiocruz.br/handle/icict/9950.

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Submitted by Alexandre Sousa (alexandre.sousa@incqs.fiocruz.br) on 2015-04-10T14:28:00Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Nataly.PDF: 1054218 bytes, checksum: 3c023839345bc1fb63d761be1a4ad97d (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Alexandre Sousa (alexandre.sousa@incqs.fiocruz.br) on 2015-04-10T14:28:16Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Nataly.PDF: 1054218 bytes, checksum: 3c023839345bc1fb63d761be1a4ad97d (MD5)<br>Approved for entry into archive by Alexandre Sousa (alexandre.sousa@incqs.fiocruz.br) on 2015-04-10T14:28:30Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Nataly.PDF: 1054218 bytes, checksum: 3c023839345bc1fb63d761be1a4ad97d (MD5)<br>Made available in DSpace on 2015-04-10T14:28:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertacao_Nataly.PDF: 1054218 bytes, checksum: 3c023839345bc1fb63d761be1a4ad97d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015<br>Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde<br>O sistema público de saúde no Brasil ainda não supre completamente as necessidades básicas de saúde da população. Considerando a necessidade de ampliar o atendimento à saúde da população e disponibilizar opções de medicina tradicional e práticas complementares, o governo brasileiro criou políticas e programas de saúde pública para incentivar o uso de plantas medicinais e medicamentos fitoterápicos. Assim, plantas medicinais reconhecidamente eficazes vêm sendo utilizadas no atendimento das necessidades básicas de saúde da população para a cura de uma variedade doenças e sintomas. Grande parte da população brasileira utiliza plantas medicinais, incluindo pacientes de faixas etárias e grupos de risco diversos, e que muitas vezes residem em locais em precárias condições de saneamento básico. Portanto, as plantas medicinais devem ser produtos de qualidade garantida, para que seu uso seja seguro e não possua riscos à saúde dos consumidores. Neste estudo, 15 amostras de plantas medicinais das espécies Baccharis trimera, Bauhinia forficata e Tabebuia avellanedae, de lotes diferentes e de 4 marcas, compradas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro, foram avaliadas quanto à qualidade microbiológica. A análise consistiu na quantificação dos microrganismos viáveis e na pesquisa de patógenos presentes nas amostras. A escolha dos limites de contaminação microbiana e dos patógenos a serem pesquisados foi realizada com base nas possíveis formas de preparo e uso de plantas medicinais. Foi realizada a quantificação de bactérias aeróbias, bactérias Gram-negativas bile tolerantes e bolores e leveduras viáveis, e a pesquisa dos outros patógenos Escherichia coli, espécies de Salmonella, espécies de Shigella, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus e Candida albicans. As plantas medicinais analisadas apresentavam contaminação bacteriana e fúngica variável, onde 93,3% possuía carga de contaminação microbiana acima dos limites de contaminação permitidos para bactérias aeróbias e bolores e leveduras. Adicionalmente, foi identificada a contaminação pelos patógenos S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli e bactérias Gram negativasbile tolerantes em 20%, 20%, 46,6% e 100% das amostras, respectivamente. Nenhuma das amostras de plantas medicinais apresentou qualidade sanitária suficiente para ser aprovada para o uso (100% de reprovação), constituindo um problema para a saúde pública, visto que um produto terapêutico contaminado é disponibilizado para uma população que já se encontra enferma, e demonstrando a necessidade de um melhor controle e regulamentação para estes produtos.<br>The public health system in Brazil does not yet supplies completely the population basic needs for health. Considering the necessity to expand the health care and to provide traditional and complementary medicine options, the brazilian government created public health politics and programs to encourage the use of medicinal plants and phytotherapic drugs. Thus, medicinal plants admittedly effective have been used for the care of the population’s basic needs, to heal a variety of diseases and symptoms. A large portion of the brazilian population use medicinal plants, including a diversity of age and risk group patients, whose many times resides in places with precarious sanitary conditions. Therefore, medicinal plants need to be assured quality products, to be used safely and not bring risks to the user’s health. In this study, 15 medicinal plants samples of Baccharis trimera, Bauhinia forficata and Tabebuia avellanedae species, all from different batches from 4 brands, bought in the city of Rio de Janeiro, were evaluated about their microbiological contamination. The assay consisted in the quantification of viable microorganisms and in the search of pathogens present in the samples. The choosing of the microbiologic contamination limits and the pathogens to be searched was made based on the possible preparation methods and use of medicinal plants. Quantification of viable aerobic bacteria, bile tolerant Gram negative bacteria and yeasts and molds, and search of the others pathogens Escherichia coli, Salmonella species, Shigella species, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans were executed. The medicinal plants samples analyzed had variable bacterial and fungal contamination, where 93,3% had microbial contamination load above the allowed contamination limits for aerobical bacteria and yeasts and molds. Additionally, contamination by S. aureus, P. aeruginosa, E. coli, and bile tolerant Gram negative bacteria were identified in 20%, 20%, 46,6% and 100% of samples, respectively. No samples of medicinal plants had enough sanitary quality to be approved to use (100% disapproval), constituting a public health problem, since a highly contaminated therapeutic product is made available to a population who already is diseased, showing the need of better control and regulation to these products.

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Bäckström, Ingela. "On the Relationship between Sustainable Health and Quality Management : Leadership and organizational behaviours from Swedish organizations." Doctoral thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Institutionen för teknik och hållbar utveckling, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-8985.

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Sickness absence not only causes significant costs for organizations but also leads to other negative consequences for individuals and societies. Previous research has shown that working with organizational values within Quality Management affects job satisfaction and results in increased profitability and customer satisfaction. There would, in addition, seem to be great gains if managers, by working with Quality Management, can manage to establish sustainable health among co-workers. The purpose of the research described in this thesis was to examine how Quality Management could be practised in order to support sustainable health among co-workers and what it is within Quality Management that influences sustainable co-worker health. Accordingly, the purpose was also to contribute to the understanding of the relation between sustainable health and Quality Management. To fulfil this purpose, three research questions were asked. The results are described in three parts related to the three research questions and are the product of six case studies carried out in seven different organizations. Interviews with managers and workshops with co-workers were carried out to investigate how Quality Management can be practised within organizations in order to promote sustainable co-worker health. These investigations took place in four organizations that had received awards. Three had been awarded for their excellence in leadership, work environment and co-workership, along with improved profitability; one for its successful implementation of quality programmes. The results are descriptions of methodologies, behaviours, values and organization structure used by the organizations to support sustainable health. These are exemplified with practical examples. The methodologies, behaviours, values, and organizational structure are considered possible for other organizations to adopt and all of them are already supported in the quality, management and leadership literature. Support from the health literature is also found for most of the behaviours, methodologies, values, and organizational structure. Surveys and focus groups interviews were carried out in five different organizations in order to find out what is of most importance when practising Quality Management in order to influence sustainable co-worker health. The results pointed to ‘Leadership Commitment’ as the most central of the values for achieving sustainable health among the co-workers. Furthermore, the values ‘Continuous Improvements’, ‘Participation of Everybody’ and ‘Customer Orientation’ were found to be related to sustainable health among the co-workers. The values ‘Leadership Commitment’ and the value ‘Participation of Everybody’ were then further elaborated to find aspects of importance for sustainable co-worker health. From the value ‘Leadership Commitment’ four aspects were extracted. These were labelled ‘Empathy’, ‘Presence and Communication’, ‘Integrity’, and ‘Continuity’. The results showed relations between the value ‘Leadership Commitment’ within Quality Management and sustainable health among the co-workers. Thus it is essential for leaders to work in accordance with that value to achieve results in the work towards sustainable co-worker health. The results indicate that this requires management and leadership that are characterized by the aspects above. The leaders have to: • Really understand the co-workers and their work situation. • Be present and available for co-workers and communicate with them. • Act as a role model, be fair and keep their promises. • Stay in their positions long enough to build up trust and confidence. The value ‘Participation of Everybody’ has also been shown to be related to sustainable health among the co-workers. This indicates that it is important to work in accordance with that value in the struggle to achieve sustainable health among the co-workers. The results imply that this value is characterized by the aspects ‘Development’, ‘Influence’ and ‘Being informed’. This could be done by: • Giving the co-workers opportunities to develop their skills and develop personally. • Letting the co-workers influence their work situation and taking suggestions and proposals from them seriously. • Having good communication within the whole organization. To manage this; the managers have to delegate more and empower the co-workers. These results were then further elaborated within another organization in order to develop a measurement approach that can clarify the extent to which the values, ‘Leadership Commitment’ and ‘Participation of Everybody’ permeate an organization. The developed measurement approach can be used to clarify the extent to which the organization is practising the health-promoting values within Quality Management and in what areas improvement is needed to increase co-worker health. The approach can also help the organization to detect those shortcomings within the management which are important for co-worker well-being. The developed measurement approach can be used to establish and enhance co-worker health by improving their well-being, satisfaction and motivation.

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Motwani, Jaideep G. (Jaideep Gridhari). "Quality Assurance Practices by Indian Manufacturing Organizations: A Conceptual Framework and an Empirical Investigation." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332601/.

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The purpose of this study is three-fold. First, based on the synthesis of literature on quality concepts, critical factors that must be practiced to achieve effective quality management in an organization were identified. A framework to be used by organizations to evaluate their quality assurance practices were developed. Second, a field survey was conducted to identify the degree to which quality assurance is being practiced in Indian Manufacturing organizations and to locate the organizational areas where better management control can make the quality assurance system more effective. Finally, an attempt was made to develop models that could be used to forecast the level of quality achieved.

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Richards, James. "Developing a theoretical basis for the concept of organizational behaviour." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/185.

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Workplace misbehaviour is seen to be a neglected feature of organizational study (Ackroyd and Thompson; Vardi and Weitz, 2004). Where research has been undertaken into misbehaviour the emphasis tends fall into two broad categories. First of all, organizational behaviour theorists use the term misbehaviour as a means to highlight how the ‘negative’ behaviour of employees gets in the way of formal organizational goals. Secondly, radical sociologists tend to use the term misbehaviour as a means to critique Foucauldian labour process theory. Here an argument is made that suggests the disciplinary affects of new management practices associated with human resource management and total quality management have been overstated. Furthermore, radical sociologists also use the term misbehaviour as means to critique organizational behaviour accounts, which are believed to paint overly optimistic accounts of organizational life. However, on further examination it was discovered that neither a radical sociological approach, nor a traditional organizational behaviour approach, sufficiently addresses the current deficit in our understandings and explanations for workplace misbehaviour. Hence, one of the main themes of this thesis was to design a theoretical and methodological framework to address the deficit in our understandings and explanations. As such, a view was taken of how a radical sociological approach (orthodox labour process analysis) combined with an emerging social psychological perspective (a social identity approach (Haslam, 2001)) could help overcome previous theoretical problems associated with researching misbehaviour. Empirical support for this approach is provided by the detailed examination of the objective and subjective working conditions of four different sets of low status workers. The findings are based on longitudinal covert participant observations, as well as covert interviews and the covert gathering of company documents. The findings depart from previous insights into workplace misbehaviour in stressing the importance of acknowledging and investigating both the organizational and sub-group social identities of low status workers, in relation to such activities. As such, a great deal of the misbehaviour noted in the findings can be attributed to the poor treatment of low status workers by management, yet misbehaviour is equally if not more attributable to the empowering or inhibitive qualities of the many psychological groups that worker can associate with or disassociate themselves from. Recommendations are made about the direction of future research into workplace misbehaviour. There are many suggestions made and include examining misbehaviour in a wider range of settings, sectors and levels of organizations.

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Books on the topic "Quality control organization"

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Vroman, H. William. Managing organization quality. Irwin, 1994.

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N, Chorafas Dimitris. Quality Control Applications. Springer London, 2013.

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Institute, Six Sigma Research, and Motorola University Press, eds. Application of Six Sigma concepts to a facilities organization. Addison-Wesley, 1993.

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Lillrank, Paul. Organization for continuous improvement: Quality Control Circle activity in Japanese industry. s.n., 1987.

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Personal accountability: Powerful and practical ideas for you and your organization. Denver Press, 1998.

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1961-, Collard Debbie J., ed. The making of a world-class organization. ASQ Quality Press, 2008.

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Quality service pure and simple: A primer for improving service in your organization. ASQC Quality Press, 1991.

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Greeley, Hugh P. Streamlining quality monitoring. Opus Communications, 1995.

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1935-, Finnigan Jerome P., ed. TQManager: A practical guide for managing in a total quality organization. Jossey-Bass, 1993.

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United States. Government Accountability Office. Clinical lab quality: CMS and survey organization oversight should be strengthened : report to congressional requesters. The Office, 2006.

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Book chapters on the topic "Quality control organization"

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Freakley, Philip K. "Process Control and Quality Control." In Rubber Processing and Production Organization. Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2375-4_7.

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Dey, Pranab. "Quality Control and Laboratory Organization." In Basic and Advanced Laboratory Techniques in Histopathology and Cytology. Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-8252-8_27.

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Stanta, Giorgio, Ermanno Nardon, and Renzo Barbazza. "Internal Quality Control (IQC) Organization." In Guidelines for Molecular Analysis in Archive Tissues. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17890-0_51.

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Schmidt, Ute, and Edouard Bertrand. "Processing of mRNA and Quality Control." In Genome Organization and Function in the Cell Nucleus. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527639991.ch11.

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Habschied, Kristina, and Krešimir Mastanjević. "Maintaining the Quality Control of Beer." In 30th International Conference on Organization and Technology of Maintenance (OTO 2021). Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-92851-3_33.

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Burmeister, Rodger. "Quality Assurance for Concurrent Software – An Actor-Based Approach." In Autonomous Systems – Self-Organization, Management, and Control. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-8889-6_13.

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Eppink, Berina, Jeroen Essers, and Roland Kanaar. "Interplay and Quality Control of DNA Damage Repair Mechanisms." In Genome Organization and Function in the Cell Nucleus. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527639991.ch16.

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Ootaki, Atsushi. "Application of Statistical Binary Tree Analysis to Quality Control." In Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization. Springer Japan, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-65950-1_76.

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Steinleitner, Alex. "Statistical Process Control Analysis to Assess Laboratory Variation as a Means of Quality Control in ART Labs." In Organization and Management of IVF Units. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29373-8_13.

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Esposito, Vincenzo, and Germana Scepi. "A Non Symmetrical Generalised Co-Structure Analysis for Inspecting Quality Control Data." In Studies in Classification, Data Analysis, and Knowledge Organization. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60126-2_23.

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Conference papers on the topic "Quality control organization"

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Ratnamiasih, Ina, Rajesri Govindaraju, Budhi Prihartono, and Iman Sudirman. "The influence of organization control on hospital service quality." In 2012 IEEE 6th International Conference on Management of Innovation & Technology (ICMIT 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmit.2012.6225823.

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Qiao Junfei, Jia Yanmei, and Han Honggui. "Water quality parameters prediction method based on Self-Organization Neural Network." In 2008 Chinese Control and Decision Conference (CCDC). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccdc.2008.4597793.

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Sрakhgiraev, Ismail. "Manufactured Product Quality Control In Organization As The Spoilage Prevention Mean." In SCTCMG 2019 - Social and Cultural Transformations in the Context of Modern Globalism. Cognitive-Crcs, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2019.12.04.381.

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Mediawati, Elis. "Internal Control and Quality of Financial Reporting in Zakat Management Organization." In 2016 Global Conference on Business, Management and Entrepreneurship. Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/gcbme-16.2016.3.

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Özbay, Gülçin, and Mehmet Sarıışık. "The Conceptual Research on the Quality Control Circles." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01198.

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Quality circles occurred in Japan after the Second World War, and the forefront of the competition today, has an important role in improving the quality and efficiency. The main philosophy of the quality circle is to achieve quality with a participative management approach. Quality circles, only to find not only identify problems also suggests a variety of solutions. It is settled principle that the employees can do the best work by themselves and, according to this it is tried to provide more opportunities for employees. This situation motivates the staff, and thus prepares the ground to increase the quality of goods or services. Customer satisfaction and management objectives are carried out. Considering all these factors, quality circles has emerged as a concept that should be investigated. In this study, it was examined quality circles that considered as a factor of enhancing success in the operations and having an important role inquality management. The study carries a descriptive qualification that is prepared literature review. In the first section of the study was investigated the purpose of the quality control that the steps followed and the methods used in this process. The second section was focused on quality circles. In this section, it has tried to explain shortly the definition of quality circles, history, characteristics, comparison with other groups and objectives. Benefits of quality circles were examined separately for businesses and employees, and determined the business sectors. The organizational structure of quality circles and organization members’ tasks was explained.

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Mezentseva, N. I., and S. V. Laptev. "PROGRAM DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF EXTERNAL QUALITY CONTROL OVER COVID-19 PCR DIAGNOSTICS." In Molecular Diagnostics and Biosafety. Federal Budget Institute of Science 'Central Research Institute for Epidemiology', 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.36233/978-5-9900432-9-9-155.

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Yongtao Qin, Liping Zhao, Yiyong Yao, and Damin Xu. "A Study on Inter-enterprise Quality Control Function self-organization Reconfiguration Based Fractal Networks." In 2007 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics (ROBIO '07). IEEE, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/robio.2007.4522427.

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Fardal, Harald, and Jan-Oddvar Sornes. "IS Strategic Decision-Making: A Garbage Can View." In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3262.

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Developing information systems (IS) strategies and choosing the right IS portfolio for an organization require, among other things, identifying the most appropriate IS projects, determining how best to organize the IS staff, and arranging for IS procurement. All of these actions involve decision-making. This paper analyzes IS strategic decision-making in organizations, with the Garbage Can Model (GCM) of decision-making providing the theoretical framework. Our findings show that IS strategic decision-making often happens through GCM processes, and while these processes are hard to control and predict, the decision quality tends to be high at the organizational level. At the individual level, however, Garbage Can processes tend to return low-quality IS strategic decisions.

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Singh, Himanshu Kumar, Umesh Uppili, and Ujwala Pavuluri. "Making Continual Code Quality Monitoring and Control Processes Work in a Global Delivery Organization: COSMOS." In 2013 IEEE 8th International Conference on Global Software Engineering (ICGSE). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icgse.2013.30.

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Koshetsyan, Lusine. "Research Issues of Exploring the Link Between Turnover Intention and Turnover Behavior with Organization’s Motivation Profile." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Education. VGTU Technika, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibme.2015.10.

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Employee turnover has always been a problem for both employees and employers. Replacing employees may be costly, both in recruiting and training employees to obtain satisfactory levels of performance over time. The main theme discussed in the paper is turnover intention and it’s connection with organization’s motivation profile. High levels of employee turnover may decrease the quality and stability of services that organizations provide and as a result, that will increase client dissatisfaction with the services provided by the organization. That’s why it is very important for organizations to control their turnover percentage. The purpose of the study is to analyze the turnover intention based on key variables and connect them with organization’s motivation profile. The main principal objectives in the research are: to differentiate factors that influence employee turnover; to reduce turnover by changing organization’s motivation profile.In the research as main methods content analysis, interviewing and case studies will be used. A survey will be conducted, questioners to collect information from respondents will be made. And as mentioned, for data collection case studies, interviewing will be used.

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Reports on the topic "Quality control organization"

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Савченко, Лариса Олексіївна. Characteristic of the future specialists professional preparation to the quality educational assessment. Педагогічна думка, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/365.

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To consider the characteristics of the levels of formation of professional readiness of future specialists to pedagogical diagnostics of quality of education. Diagnostics of levels of formation of professional training of future teachers is realized through a number of research methods: observation, testing, interview, analysis of the results. The basis of the diagnostic systems research on three-level assessment scale, supplemented by «high level», which allows to adapt to local conditions and to enrich the features of a particular region. Analysis of modern works on the organization of control of educational achievements of students; the log books of progress and attendance of students in classes, conversations with teachers and our own observations have proved that in educational practice there are different models of the organization of control of educational achievements of students in pedagogical disciplines and professional subject training, validation should be carried out using various schemes and scales of evaluation present different approaches to the calculation of rating of students (in some cases even within the same University) and others. The analysis proved that the existing complex control tasks and tasks for independent work is only seventy percent of jobs differentiated by professional orientation, the rest of the job for the overall development of pedagogical competence of students. In our opinion, well developed task, that is, those that consist mainly of problems of professional and pedagogical orientation that enhance future teachers ‘ motivation to learn pedagogical disciplines. The quality of education becomes the main reference point that determines the credibility and competitiveness of educational institutions on regional, national level and international arena.

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Cyr, Lee. Insufficient Effort Responding on Mturk Surveys: Evidence-Based Quality Control for Organizational Research. Portland State University Library, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6337.

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Beuermann, Diether, Nicolas L. Bottan, Bridget Hoffmann, Jeetendra Khadan, and Diego A. Vera-Cossio. Suriname COVID-19 Survey. Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003266.

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This dataset constitutes a panel follow-up to the 2016/2017 Suriname Survey of Living Conditions. It measures welfare related variables before and after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic including labor market outcomes, financial literacy, and food security. The survey was executed in August 2020. The Suriname COVID-19 Survey is a project of the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). It collected data on critical socioeconomic topics in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic to support policymaking and help mitigate the crisis impacts on the populations welfare. The survey recontacted households interviewed in 2016/2017 by the Suriname Survey of Living Conditions (SSLC) and was conducted by phone due to the mobility restrictions and social distancing measures in place. It interviewed 1,016 households during August 2020 and gathered information about disease transmission, household finances, labor, income, remittances, spending, and social protection programs. Data and documentation of the 2016/2017 Suriname Survey of Living Conditions can be found at: https://publications.iadb.org/en/suriname-survey-living-conditions-2016-2017 The survey was designed and implemented by Sistemas Integrales. This publication describes the main methodological aspects, such as sample design, estimation procedures, topics covered by the questionnaire, field organization and quality control. It also presents the structure and codebook for the two resulting publicly available datasets.

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Tyshchenko, Yelyzaveta Yu, та Andrii M. Striuk. Актуальність розробки моделі адаптивного навчання. [б. в.], 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2889.

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The learning process can be made most effective by transferring the educational process to the electronic environment. Thanks to adaptive testing, the accuracy, quality, reliability of training and student interest are enhanced, which allows him to be more motivated. This is a new approach for the student to master most of the information. The introduction of an adaptive testing system ensures the improvement of student learning performance. From the proper organization of the control of knowledge depends on the effectiveness of the educational process. Adaptive testing involves changing the sequence of tasks in the testing process itself, taking into account the answers to the tasks already received. In the process of passing the test, a personality model is built that learns for later use in selecting the following testing tasks, depending on the level of knowledge of the student and his individual characteristics. When calculating the assessment, the adaptive testing system takes into account the probability that the student can guess the answer, the number of attempts to pass the test and the average result achieved during all attempts. The complex of tasks for adaptive testing can be developed taking into account a separate type of perception of information by each student, that is, the student is offered tasks that he is able to cope with and which are interesting for him, which means he is more confident in his abilities and aims at successful completion of the course.

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Foreit, James R. FRONTIERS capacity building: An overview. Population Council, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2002.1005.

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The Population Council’s Frontiers in Reproductive Health Program is a cooperative agreement with USAID to improve family planning and reproductive health service delivery through operations research (OR). Frontiers builds on more than 20 years of research to improve family planning service delivery programs. A major goal of Frontiers is to transfer skills in OR so that public and private agencies in developing countries can conduct OR and apply research findings to reproductive health programs and policies. OR addresses problems in operational effectiveness, access, quality, and efficiency by investigating facets of programs that managers can control and change. As concluded in this overview report, Frontiers seeks to institutionalize capacity building by increasing the number of service delivery organizations that use OR and increasing the number of research organizations capable of conducting and teaching OR. Investment in capacity building will ensure that OR will make a continuing, significant contribution to reproductive health and family planning programs and policies.

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Бондаренко, Ольга Володимирівна, Світлана Вікторівна Мантуленко, and Андрій Валерійович Пікільняк. Google Classroom as a Tool of Support of Blended Learning for Geography Students. CEUR-WS.org, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/2655.

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Abstract. The article reveals the experience of organizing blended learning for geography students using Google Classroom, and discloses its potential uses in the study of geography. For the last three years, the authors have tested such in-class and distance courses as “Cartography and Basics of Topography”, “Population Geography”, “Information Systems and Technologies in Tourism Industry”, “Regional Economic and Social World Geography (Europe and the CIS)”, “Regional Economic and Social World Geography (Africa, Latin America, Asia, Anglo-America, Australia and Oceania)”, “Socio-Economic Cartography”. The advantages of using the specified interactive tool during the study of geographical disciplines are highlighted out in the article. As it has been established, the organization of the learning process using Google Classroom ensures the unity of in-class and out-of-class learning; it is designed to realize effective interaction of the subjects learning in real time; to monitor the quality of training and control the students’ learning achievements in class as well as out of it, etc. The article outlines the disadvantages that should be taken into account when organizing blended learning using Google Classroom, including the occasional predominance of students’ external motivation in education and their low level of readiness for work in the classroom; insufficient level of material and technical support in some classrooms; need for out-of-class pedagogical support; lack of guidance on the content aspect of Google Classroom pages, etc. Through the test series conducted during 2016-2017, an increase in the number of geography students with a sufficient level of academic achievements and a decrease of those with a low level of it was revealed.

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Shiihi, Solomon, U. G. Okafor, Zita Ekeocha, Stephen Robert Byrn, and Kari L. Clase. Improving the Outcome of GMP Inspections by Improving Proficiency of Inspectors through Consistent GMP Trainings. Purdue University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5703/1288284317433.

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Approximately 90% of the pharmaceutical inspectors in a pharmacy practice regulatory agency in West Africa have not updated their training on Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) inspection in at least eight years. However, in the last two years the inspectors relied on learning-on-the job skills. During this time, the agency introduced about 17% of its inspectors to hands-on GMP trainings. GMP is the part of quality assurance that ensures the production or manufacture of medicinal products is consistent in order to control the quality standards appropriate for their intended use as required by the specification of the product. Inspection reports on the Agency’s GMP inspection format in-between 2013 to 2019 across the six geopolitical zones in the country were reviewed retrospectively for gap analysis. Sampling was done in two phases. During the first phase sampling of reports was done by random selection, using a stratified sampling method. In the second phase, inspectors from the Regulatory Agency from different regions were contacted on phone to send in four reports each by email. For those that forwarded four reports, two, were selected. However for those who forwarded one or two, all were considered. Also, the Agency’s inspection format/checklist was compared with the World Health Organization (WHO) GMP checklist and the GMP practice observed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reporting skills and the ability of inspectors to interpret findings vis-à-vis their proficiency in inspection activities hence the efficiency of the system. Secondly, the study seeks to establish shortfalls or adequacies of the Agency’s checklist with the aim of reviewing and improving in-line with best global practices. It was observed that different inspectors have different styles and methods of writing reports from the same check-list/inspection format, leading to non-conformances. Interpretations of findings were found to be subjective. However, it was also observed that inspection reports from the few inspectors with the hands-on training in the last two year were more coherent. This indicates that pharmaceutical inspectors need to be trained regularly to increase their knowledge and skills in order to be kept on the same pace. It was also observed that there is a slight deviation in placing sub indicators under the GMP components in the Agency’s GMP inspection format, as compared to the WHO checklist.

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Visser, R., H. Kao, R. M. H. Dokht, A. B. Mahani, and S. Venables. A comprehensive earthquake catalogue for northeastern British Columbia: the northern Montney trend from 2017 to 2020 and the Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area from 2019 to 2020. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329078.

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To increase our understanding of induced seismicity, we develop and implement methods to enhance seismic monitoring capabilities in northeastern British Columbia (NE BC). We deploy two different machine learning models to identify earthquake phases using waveform data from regional seismic stations and utilize an earthquake database management system to streamline the construction and maintenance of an up-to-date earthquake catalogue. The completion of this study allows for a comprehensive catalogue in NE BC from 2014 to 2020 by building upon our previous 2014-2016 and 2017-2018 catalogues. The bounds of the area where earthquakes were located were between 55.5°N-60.0°N and 119.8°W-123.5°W. The earthquakes in the catalogue were initially detected by machine learning models, then reviewed by an analyst to confirm correct identification, and finally located using the Non-Linear Location (NonLinLoc) algorithm. Two distinct sub-areas within the bounds consider different periods to supplement what was not covered in previously published reports - the Northern Montney Trend (NMT) is covered from 2017 to 2020 while the Kiskatinaw Seismic Monitoring and Mitigation Area (KSMMA) is covered from 2019 to 2020. The two sub-areas are distinguished by the BC Oil &amp; Gas Commission (BCOGC) due to differences in their geographic location and geology. The catalogue was produced by picking arrival phases on continuous seismic waveforms from 51 stations operated by various organizations in the region. A total of 17,908 events passed our quality control criteria and are included in the final catalogue. Comparably, the routine Canadian National Seismograph Network (CNSN) catalogue reports 207 seismic events - all events in the CNSN catalogue are present in our catalogue. Our catalogue benefits from the use of enhanced station coverage and improved methodology. The total number of events in our catalogue in 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020 were 62, 47, 9579 and 8220, respectively. The first two years correspond to seismicity in the NMT where poor station coverage makes it difficult to detect small magnitude events. The magnitude of completeness within the KSMMA (ML = ~0.7) is significantly smaller than that obtained for the NMT (ML = ~1.4). The new catalogue is released with separate files for origins, arrivals, and magnitudes which can be joined using the unique ID assigned to each event.

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Lazonick, William. Investing in Innovation: A Policy Framework for Attaining Sustainable Prosperity in the United States. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp182.

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“Sustainable prosperity” denotes an economy that generates stable and equitable growth for a large and growing middle class. From the 1940s into the 1970s, the United States appeared to be on a trajectory of sustainable prosperity, especially for white-male members of the U.S. labor force. Since the 1980s, however, an increasing proportion of the U.S labor force has experienced unstable employment and inequitable income, while growing numbers of the business firms upon which they rely for employment have generated anemic productivity growth. Stable and equitable growth requires innovative enterprise. The essence of innovative enterprise is investment in productive capabilities that can generate higher-quality, lower-cost goods and services than those previously available. The innovative enterprise tends to be a business firm—a unit of strategic control that, by selling products, must make profits over time to survive. In a modern society, however, business firms are not alone in making investments in the productive capabilities required to generate innovative goods and services. Household units and government agencies also make investments in productive capabilities upon which business firms rely for their own investment activities. When they work in a harmonious fashion, these three types of organizations—household units, government agencies, and business firms—constitute “the investment triad.” The Biden administration’s Build Back Better agenda to restore sustainable prosperity in the United States focuses on investment in productive capabilities by two of the three types of organizations in the triad: government agencies, implementing the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, and household units, implementing the yet-to-be-passed American Families Act. Absent, however, is a policy agenda to encourage and enable investment in innovation by business firms. This gaping lacuna is particularly problematic because many of the largest industrial corporations in the United States place a far higher priority on distributing the contents of the corporate treasury to shareholders in the form of cash dividends and stock buybacks for the sake of higher stock yields than on investing in the productive capabilities of their workforces for the sake of innovation. Based on analyzes of the “financialization” of major U.S. business corporations, I argue that, unless Build Back Better includes an effective policy agenda to encourage and enable corporate investment in innovation, the Biden administration’s program for attaining stable and equitable growth will fail. Drawing on the experience of the U.S. economy over the past seven decades, I summarize how the United States moved toward stable and equitable growth from the late 1940s through the 1970s under a “retain-and-reinvest” resource-allocation regime at major U.S. business firms. Companies retained a substantial portion of their profits to reinvest in productive capabilities, including those of career employees. In contrast, since the early 1980s, under a “downsize-and-distribute” corporate resource-allocation regime, unstable employment, inequitable income, and sagging productivity have characterized the U.S. economy. In transition from retain-and-reinvest to downsize-and-distribute, many of the largest, most powerful corporations have adopted a “dominate-and-distribute” resource-allocation regime: Based on the innovative capabilities that they have previously developed, these companies dominate market segments of their industries but prioritize shareholders in corporate resource allocation. The practice of open-market share repurchases—aka stock buybacks—at major U.S. business corporations has been central to the dominate-and-distribute and downsize-and-distribute regimes. Since the mid-1980s, stock buybacks have become the prime mode for the legalized looting of the business corporation. I call this looting process “predatory value extraction” and contend that it is the fundamental cause of the increasing concentration of income among the richest household units and the erosion of middle-class employment opportunities for most other Americans. I conclude the paper by outlining a policy framework that could stop the looting of the business corporation and put in place social institutions that support sustainable prosperity. The agenda includes a ban on stock buybacks done as open-market repurchases, radical changes in incentives for senior corporate executives, representation of workers and taxpayers as directors on corporate boards, reform of the tax system to reward innovation and penalize financialization, and, guided by the investment-triad framework, government programs to support “collective and cumulative careers” of members of the U.S. labor force. Sustained investment in human capabilities by the investment triad, including business firms, would make it possible for an ever-increasing portion of the U.S. labor force to engage in the productive careers that underpin upward socioeconomic mobility, which would be manifested by a growing, robust, and hopeful American middle class.

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Jordan, Ramon L., Abed Gera, Hei-Ti Hsu, Andre Franck, and Gad Loebenstein. Detection and Diagnosis of Virus Diseases of Pelargonium. United States Department of Agriculture, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1994.7568793.bard.

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Pelargonium (Geranium) is the number one pot plant in many areas of the United States and Europe. Israel and the U.S. send to Europe rooted cuttings, foundation stocks and finished plants to supply a certain share of the market. Geraniums are propagated mainly vegetatively from cuttings. Consequently, viral diseases have been and remain a major threat to the production and quality of the crop. Among the viruses isolated from naturally infected geraniums, 11 are not specific to Pelargonium and occur in other crops while 6 other viruses seem to be limited to geranium. However, several of these viruses are not sufficiently characterized to conclude that they are distinct agents and their nomenclature and taxonomy are confusing. The ability to separate, distinguish and detect the different viruses in geranium will overcome obstacles te developing effective detection and certification schemes. Our focus was to further characterize some of these viruses and develop better methods for their detection and control. These viruses include: isolates of pelargonium line pattern virus (PLPV), pelargonium ringspot virus (PelRSV), pelargonium flower break virus (PFBV), pelargonium leaf curl (PLCV), and tomato ringspot virus (TomRSV). Twelve hybridoma cell lines secreting monoclonal antibodies specific to a geranium isolate of TomRSV were produced. These antibodies are currently being characterized and will be tested for the ability to detect TomRSV in infected geraniums. The biological, biochemical and serological properties of four isometric viruses - PLPV, PelRSV, and PFBV (and a PelRSV-like isolate from Italy called GR57) isolated from geraniums exhibiting line and ring pattern or flower break symptoms - and an isolate ol elderbeny latent virus (ELV; which the literature indicates is the same as PelRSV) have been determined Cloned cDNA copies of the genomic RNAs of these viruses were sequenced and the sizes and locations of predicted viral proteins deduced. A portion of the putative replicase genes was also sequenced from cloned RT-PCR fragments. We have shown that, when compared to the published biochemical and serological properties, and sequences and genome organizations of other small isometric plant viruses, all of these viruses should each be considered new, distinct members of the Carmovirus group of the family Tombusviridae. Hybridization assays using recombinant DNA probes also demonstrated that PLPV, PelRSV, and ELV produce only one subgenomic RNA in infected plants. This unusual property of the gene expression of these three viruses suggests that they are unique among the Carmoviruses. The development of new technologies for the detection of these viruses in geranium was also demonstrated. Hybridization probes developed to PFBV (radioactively-labeled cRNA riboprobes) and to PLPV (non-radioactive digoxigenin-labeled cDNAs) were generally shown to be no more sensitive for the detection of virus in infected plants than the standard ELISA serology-based assays. However, a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction assay was shown to be over 1000 times more sensitive in detecting PFBV in leaf extracts of infected geranium than was ELISA. This research has lead to a better understanding of the identity of the viruses infecting pelargonium and to the development of new tools that can be used in an improved scheme of providing virus-indexed pelargonium plants. The sequence information, and the serological and cloned DNA probes generated from this work, will allow the application of these new tools for virus detection, which will be useful in domestic and international indexing programs which are essential for the production of virus-free germplasm both for domestic markets and the international exchange of plant material.

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