Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Religion et éducation – Haïti'
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Croisy, Sylvie. "Haïti : école-borlette et réforme, une union possible." École doctorale Pratiques et théories du sens (Saint-Denis, Seine-Saint-Denis), 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA084011.
Full textThroughout this study regarding the evolution of education in Haiti, the author has explored historical writings, administrative documents and reports in order to research therein the pedagogical model that is the foundation for its education system. This thesis provides an analysis with the goal of discerning how educational reforms, regardless of necessity, have become obstacles to universal education in this country and been ineffective. This philosophical reflection is informed by direct experience as the author has organized twenty-four training seminars for more than thousand teachers. The borlette-school, under the author’s guidance during ten years, has upgraded in a primary school that serves as a practical reference. Since 1804, religion and education have gone together. Conveyed by Quakers teachers responsible for the establishment of mutual schools, then relayed after the 1860’s Charter by Christian Instruction Brothers, the model has been unaltered ever since. The thesis highlights the pedagogical misunderstanding between the French reformer’s thought and the implementation by Haitians in the schools themselves. Reading from teacher’s planning notebooks, recordings of classes, interviews, and collecting hundreds of responses from survey come to illustrate their difficulties to implement objective pedagogy and knowledge reflexivity. It demonstrates the inanity of reproducing an imported model in pointing to the sometimes conflicting values of two differing conceptions of education. It seeks to debate around the axes based on a model adapted to both the requirements of a modern way of teaching, and the philosophical roots that are the foundation of said model
Pierre, Josué. "Esprit d'entreprise et croyances chrétiennes des afro-descendants en Haïti : développement socioéconomique et facteurs religieux, éducatif et politique." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB069.
Full textThe links of affinity with the economy which were observed by Weber between the protestant ethics and the spirit of capitalism do not seem to be working in the middle of african descents as among westerners on economic level. Therefore, I suggested questioning this problem from observations and from a survey (investigation) of the field focusing on the object of new business start-up. It emerges several issues from it, among which indicators of mentality, issue of education and policy applied in haitian society. It follows that on historic plan, from the time of slavery until our days, social individual has been excluded and deprived of all opportunities of registering his development with prospect of creativity through education and inner influence of his religious belief. This object brings to the foreground at least the following questions: is this link too fragile to be culturally universal? Either, are religious, political and educational obstacles too numerous? Indeed, one thing is for sure, entrepreneurs and met experts have been describing a pathway full of pitfalls. But to identify weaknesses and threats, this is already power to build strategies of change and progress
Joint, Louis Auguste. "Système éducatif et inégalités sociales en Haïti : le cas des écoles catholiques congrégationistes Saint Martial, Saint Louis de Bourbon et Juvénat du Sacré-Coeur." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0041.
Full textThis thesis describes the evolution of the educational system in Haïti, a system that from its onset in 1804, was deeply founded on a logic of inequalities inspite of the numerous attempts to reform it, the most notable reform being the 1979 one. In this paper based on the postulate that the Haitian system of education is intrinsically unequal, and that these social disparities are reinforced by the practices of the roman catholic schools, the author questions the place and contribution of these schools in the organisation and functionning of education in Haiti. From 1998 to 2002 the author conducted a survey on the teachning and religious practices of three well-known catholic schools in Port-au-Prince : Saint-Martial, Saint-Louis de Bourbon and Juvénat du Sacré-Coeur. In this study he analyses the strategies of adaptation and reconstruction of these schools in response to the social mutations of the Haitian society between 1980 and 2000. This analysis shows that the 1979 reform has accelearated the privatization of the school system in Haiti. Indeed 83% of the schools are private and only 17ù are public. By implementing the principle of a social selection which consists mainly in recruiting only the performant pupils, the roman catholic schools have contributed to the reinforcement of the social separateness that so far has prevailes in the Haitian educational system. One of the paradox of this study is that is also reveals that these same elitist schools have established a policy of reveiving, at different hours of the day, pupils from lower social background. This ambigous policy is one of the challenge the roman catholic schools have to face in Haiti
Guignard, Pierre-Fred. "Ecole et milieu culturel en Haïti." Lyon 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO20025.
Full textThe Haitian school seems to be imposed as a code. Indeed, its purpose is to help haiti to become integrated into the group of civilised nations. But it actually serves as a justification of the very existence of the ruling classes. In fact, these la tters are using the school system to select representatives of the haitian-people and are thus able to enslave the greater part of the population. The problems of the haitian school seem to be insolvable less because of the chronic poverty of the people than because of the alienated and alienating conditions of the leaders who use the ignorance and misery of the people to assert themselves. Is haitian school vowed to serve as a relay of neo-imperialism ? Can undertake a structural reform of the haitian school ? How could the innovations in school that were attempted in the sixties in contries such as Guinea, Malia Tanzania, Peru and Cuba help us ? An education reform would succeed nly if it is par of a more global society reform. It woult have positive consequences if it is implanted in the haitian cultural environment. But, does haiti possess a particular cultural environment ? Yes: the voodoo. But unfortunately, it currently undergoes a fundamental crisis. .
Etienne, Carolde. "Le projet EXENP, une contribution à l'amélioration de la qualité de l'éducation en Haïti : bilan et perspectives." Thesis, Université Laval, 2008. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2008/25434/25434.pdf.
Full textPicard, Michel. "Système scolaire et société en Hai͏̈ti : identification des obstacles à l'apprentissage et essai de remédiation." Grenoble 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE29062.
Full textThis thesis has brought to light the in-efficiency of the haitian schoel system, however this is mot due to the organisation. Looking at this with european eyes, we aste the question why is there such discorder and how this could de remedied. The identification and analysis of the problems presented in the learning process reveal two determinating factors : the real social situation in haiti and the way in which the haitian community study. This thesis is based on three interconnected studies : a survey to analyse the education system and a survey of haitian society ; the results of the first survey contribute to the analysis of the second. There is so a field research based on the two previous surveys. The presentation of the theoretical background and the methodology used explained in the first part of this document allows one to show that is spite of a tremondous show of good will by the haitian students, the results are not forth-coming. The analysis of the surveys found in the second part reveal that the realities social and historical are not conducive to a learning system as accepted in westera cultures. In the third part of the thesis, certain solutions are suggested drawing on information collected from part one and two of the thesis
Azarre, Wilfrid. "L'accompagnement pédagogique des enseignants du premier et du deuxième cycle de l'école fondamentale en Haïti." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24802.
Full textAmicy, Anne-Suze. "L’éducation relative à l’environnement dans le programme des deux premiers cycles du niveau fondamental en Haïti. Analyse comparative des programmes de sciences expérimentales de France, Haïti et Ontario (Canada)." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0006/document.
Full textThis research is part of a dynamics of quality assessment and applicability of education on the environment in the science curriculum in elementary Haiti, while taking into account what is being practiced in France and Canada (Ontario). The analysis of the content of curricula of experimental sciences of these three (3) countries has served to mark such an approach. Irresponsible behaviors towards the environment faced with serious problems are aggravating factors that directly affect the entire population. Accelerated environmental degradation of the Republic of Haiti is a major concern that requires to look for more concrete and lasting actions in order to greatly contribute to solving these numerous problems. These findings require a different approach, a different way of thinking. It is a matter of orienting education and teaching to new paradigms including education on the environment enshrined in international forums as an important tool in the resolution of environmental problems and whose aim is to create citizens endowed with genuine environmental awareness. The analysis of the sciences curricula of elementary schools of the three countries under study allows to see that the school systems are moving more towards an education which tends to transmit and to make acquire knowledge about EE for the environment instead of placing the child in the real learning environment where he may develop close relationships with the environment. This observation led us to interview 50 school officials and 212 teachers of the fundamental level in Haiti about their vision, their knowledge and the place reserved to this concept in their teaching schedules. The result of the analysis of these data shows great ignorance of the concept in the school environment under study and in addition to that EE just widens the gap of school inequalities already obvious in Haiti
Joseph, Kysly. "Nouveaux fondements philosophiques et sociologiques pour l’éducation à la citoyenneté en Haïti : la parole et l’action de Joseph Wresinski pour une éducation à une citoyenneté de la rencontre en Haïti." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20029/document.
Full textHaiti has invented a nation that is also a patriotic republic: the first independant black Republic. However after 200 years of history, a recurrent social economical and anthropological cleavage pervades between two categories of the population. A great number of Haitian "citizens"are in fact excluded from the practice of citizenship. This type of exclusion questions especially education. It necessitates a radical educational reform that gives birth to a new kind of citizenship. This thesis studies the contribution of the message and action of Joseph Wresinski as something original in the education to citizenship in Haiti. It examines the philosophical foundations of education through anthropological approaches on civilization and on different types of civilizations, in the work of the Haitian and West Indian thinkers ANTENOR FIRMIN and EDOUARD GLISSANT respectively. The theoretical framework is similar to that of "the political action as sudden appearance of novelty and of common action with others" according to Hannah Arendt. It is also close to the context of "the nation as community of citizens" by Dominique Schnapper. ATD FOURTH WORLD implements the social and educational thought of their founder JosephWresinski in such a way that the acknowledgement of the experiences and know-how of excluded individuals contributes to complete citizenship in Haiti. Research based on a sociolological survey made by the researcher who is deeply concerned by the project has enabled us to collect the representations of citizenship by members of ATD FOURTH WORLD and to compare them with those established by other individuals. Members of the movement from different social backgrounds have shown how they establish a community of thought and action that associates the approaches of the school and those of the family, the contribution of the community and districts where people live together with that of the "elite". It's what we call "encounter citizenship". Which, as the thesis can be achieved from and through the action of Joseph Wresinski in Haïti, although with some difficulties and a certain number of contradictions
Daniellou, Emmanuelle. "Les Enseignantes en Bretagne aux XVIIème et XVIIIème siècles : religion, éducation et société." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR20019.
Full textAlthough women were rarely taught to read and write in Brittany under the Old Regime, the education of girls was not totally ignored, it was even an importat factor of the Catholic Reform. The development of monasteries in the 17th century particularly helped educational establishmets. The Ursulin nuns who settled in the province were quickly perceived as being the ideal religious teacher because of their special vocation, educating the poor in classes during the day, and even boarding young girls. In fact a large majority of religious congregations and orders usually offered free education and boarding for the very poor. During the Age of enlightenment and parallel to this strong religious model, gradually emerged a movemet of lay women teachers for the young. And also several no-cloistered congregations were started in the 18th century thus promoting education in the rural areas. Teaching under the Old Regime appeared generally like apostolic work more than just giving access to the skills of reading, writing and arithmetic. Moreover it seems that education, far from being an elitist school system, offered a wide variety of schools open to young people from every class of society. Under the Old Regime, the popular opinion about educating girls was very certainly a major obstacle in systematically reaching all the girls to give them an education and to teach them to read and write : the structures existed but the mentality kept the teachers from attaining their objectives. Actually education for girls was limited to the time allotted for religious instruction which proved much too short to acquire even a minimum of reading and writing skills
François, Pierre Enocque. "Système éducatif et abandon social en Haïti. Cas des Enfants et des jeunes de la rue." Thesis, Paris 10, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA100066/document.
Full textDuring the colonial period, education was reserved for a category of children. After the independence, the operation of the system did not allow to take into account all the children and youths to be scholarized. 500.000 children don' t have access to education. From them, more than 10.000 are in the street.Victims of the social marginalization they know a marginalized socialization.The National Plan of Education and Formation spread out over 10 years (1997-2007) which the objective to increase the education system by expansion of schooling offering is not successful. During the class work hours, children and young people of the street who will not have any relationship with educational establishments trail through the streets. So, the vulnerable population reproduces because the poor family could not ensure a mobility intergeneration. The risk for their children to know extreme poverty is very large. Haitian school is thus a driving belt of the reproduction of poverty. Our intellectual curiosity leads us to bring the education system and the phenomenon of the children and the young people of the steet in Haiti. The thread of our work is the phenomenon of the children and the youths of the strret is a resultant of the mechanisms of operation of the education system which facilitates in parallel, by the non equal treatment and the social abandonment, the development of a marginalized school for the poorest families. The empirical data we have made it possible to validate our hypothesis. Although they express their will to go to school, the street is for them, the only place of formation and socialization.Child or youth of the street is then abandoned social
Clorméus, Lewis Ampidu. "Entre l'État, les élites et les religions en Haïti : redécouvrir la campagne anti-superstitieuse de 1939-1942." Paris, EHESS, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012EHES0133.
Full textThe anti-superstition campaign (1939 – 1942) marked a turning point in the socio-historical relations between the State, the elites and religious groups in Haiti. It created not only the emergence of an « ethnological movement » bearing the imprint of Indigenist discourse, but also a deep crisis between the Catholic clergy of the Concordat and the civil powers. This anti-superstition campaign, generally defined as an anti-Voodoo offensive launched by Breton clergy, developed in two stages. The first (1939 - 1940), interpreted as a grassroots movement, was the work of peasants who decided to "reject" Voodoo. The second stage (1940 - 1942) was characterized by the appropriation of this movement by the Catholic clergy, supported by the public authorities, in an attempt to better combat Anglicanism, Protestant cults and Voodoo. The anti-superstition campaign officially ended with the violent incidents of Delmas and the removal of the papal nuncio in 1942. But the intransigency of the Catholic clergy towards Protestantism and Voodoo remained in place until the indigenization of the clergy under the presidency of Francois Duvalier (1957-1971). In sum, the anti-superstition campaign reflected a problem of recognition of the religious and cultural rationalities that make up the socio-religious landscape in Haiti
Trimeche, Samir. "Attitudes et représentations liées à la religion chez une population de lycéens tunisiens." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H067.
Full textOur survey aims at identifying the configuration of the students' attitudes and representations regarding religion, comparing them with the islamist position. Our hypothesis is that the support - or absence of support- for the islamist position is fostered by different psychological motivations and needs according to the students' social and academic background. First, it is necessary to achieve an operational definition of the notion of support to Islamism. The definition of Tunisian Islamism we propose is based on the permanent features of its ideological offer. Considering the + doxa ; regulating the membership has allowed us to partition the religious profiles thanks to a typological analysis. We came out with four types : + Islamism ;, + pietist ; , + pragmatic ;, and + areligious ;, then we have compared the students'" attitudes to the two educational institutions in charge of their socialization : school and the family. The results have been interpreted considering the effects of social and academic variables. The data obtained has confirmed our hypothesis that the support to Islamism is mainly the result of school's influence on the teenagers belonging to underprivileged background, thus motivating their desire rehabilitate their original culture. The factor analysis we achieved on the whole of the survey's data allowed us to identify three factors, which, linked with social identity, seem to determine the various attitudes' configuration : 1/ community / nation belonging ; 2/ cultural open-mindedness / compartmentalization ; 3/ social conformism / non conformism. These factors allow us to propose a new description of these religious profiles, according to the identifications and values the teenagers develop in a context of cultural change, thus coping with the heterogeneous cultural items they are presented with
Megie, Preslet. "Contextualisation didactique et enseignement de l'EPS en Haïti et en Martinique aux deux premiers cycles de l'école fondamentale et à l'école élémentaire : analyse comparée des systèmes d'enseignement et des interactions didactiques dans le cadre d'une approche socio-didactique." Thesis, Antilles, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ANTI0250/document.
Full textThis thesis highlights two systems of school education within a single discipline of teaching (PES) through a comparative analysis. This research shows the convergent and divergent, points to study teaching and contextualizing acts and analyse the specificities of didactic interaction in the two territories. All this is so focused on this issue of study: "what are the specific effects of context on the evolution of knowledge in the classroom and on the conditions of their transmission.The main results are processed and analysed at two levels: macro and micro. For the macro, it is a comparative analysis of systems of school education and the organization of the PE in Haiti and Martinique based on different elements: the organization of schooling, the major educational reforms, the educational profile of teachers of the first two cycles of the fundamental school and elementary school, PE programs and physical, sports and artistic activities proposed. For the micro, it is a comparative analysis based on the curriculum said (before and after interviews) and the real curriculum (filmed lessons).This work of data collection is done in eight schools for a total of thirty classes, sixteen by territory. The selected levels are the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 6th fundamental years in Haiti and CP, CE2, CM1 and CM2 in Martinique. The distinction between macro-level and micro-level focuses on the contextual component of our study Thus, the macro is interested in the effects of the context and the microphone to the effects of context
Dalcourt, Isabelle. "Société québécoise et religion entre 1999 et 2009 : réflexion critique sur les sciences des religions et plaidoyer pour une éducation de type patrimonial." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/22483.
Full textNault, Jean-François. "Le choix des parents. Éducation, identité et religion en Ontario français : le cas d’Orléans." Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26113.
Full textAmiard, Marjorie. "Ecole et religion en Angleterre : évolutions et enjeux depuis 1944 : thèse." Nice, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005NICE2020.
Full textReligion remains a characteristic feature of the English education system. Churches have exercised a powerful hold over the school system in a country where the dual system has never been seriously challenged. Since 1998, ministers have approved public funding for minority faith schools. Labour is responsive to the claims of the communities which seek the extension of faith schools. How has the education system developed integrating into the mainstream of state education denominational schools, religious instruction and worship as legal requirements ? What is the real place of religion in today's English schools ?
Codet, Cécile. "Femmes et éducation en Espagne à l'aube des temps modernes (1454 - fin des années 1520)." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENSL0955/document.
Full textThe didactic literature specifically dedicated to women has been analyzed in a very paradoxical way by scholars: neglected because it is allegedly deprived of literary interest, its normative force tends, on the contrary, to be overvalued. In this work, we mean to go further than this apparent paradox, analyzing a corpus of twenty texts of various literary genres, whose common point is, apart from historical and geographical data, to look for educating, instructing or edifying women. In order to achieve those pedagogical aims, the authors implement discursive strategies that we have to study. By doing so they reveal the nuances and contradictions of a teaching that is far from being uniform, in so far as each author transmit, depending on his opinions, the circumstances of the publication of his work, etc., a message of his own. Therefore, we don’t have to consider these texts as so many expressions of a single and unique ideology which would be imposed to women, inasmuch as the very coherence of this ideology can be questioned. Moreover, the women to which the works we are going to study are destined can adopt, towards them, some attitudes that are very different from those imagined by their authors. Thus, didactic literature can become an instrument in power games and struggles in which education is very far from being the only preoccupation of the authors or their dedicatees. Our work aims at a better knowledge of all the richness and ambiguities of this corpus, in order to show that it could be read in very different perspectives
Besnard, Maud. "L'idée d'université selon le cardinal John Henry Newman : éducation, religion, culture et développement de la personne." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCA033.
Full textThe Idea of a University by John Henry Newman (1801-1890) is originally a set of lectures on university written in 1852 and a collection of essays and inaugural lectures published between 1854 and 1858. On the occasion of the foundation of the Catholic University of Ireland, the Catholic hierarchy invited Newman to set out his views on education. It is mainly on his defence of liberal education and theological teaching that Newman’s argument is based. The aim of this study is, on the one hand, to show how Newman connects his thought on education with his whole religious and cultural philosophy and, on the other hand, to underline how Newman’s personalist philosophy is an alternative to the liberal and utilitarian conception of education. First, our study tackles the form of Newman’s mind through the two principles which are at the basis of his thought: conscience and personal intelligence. They both reveal the spirit of connectedness Newman showed throughout his experience as an educator, as a pastor and as a theologian. Secondly, our study examines the connection between his personalist thought and his idea of a university. Newman envisages the idea of a university in the light of this principle of connectedness, and so reveals the way he conceives the organization of knowledge, the university milieu and its interpersonal relations, as well as the influence of religious teaching on intellectual and moral training. Thirdly, our study examines the relationship between the cultural approach to education and Newman’s personalist thought. By asserting that education aims at developing the person, Newman wishes to show the benefits of culture, and more precisely, that of humanities. However, the Catholic educator does not forget to underline that human culture may also come into conflict with the Christian conscience
Jean, Charles Vladimir. "Profils identitaires et prises de position sur la sexualité d'adolescent(e)s pentecôtistes et catholiques pratiquant(e)s de Port-au-Prince (Haïti) : analyse d'un champ représentationnel en fonction des modes d'insertion sociale." Thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2013/29581/29581.pdf.
Full textIn the present context of STD (Sexually Transmitted Diseases) such as HIV/AIDS and blood-borne viruses- STI/HIV/BBV) in Haiti, to understand how young Christians are seizing recommendations promoted by the media, 96 teenagers aged 16 to 19 who defined themselves as devout believers (48 Catholic and 48 Pentecostal, 24 boys and 24 girls in each group) were recruited in five schools of the Port-au-Prince metropolitan area. Specifically, this study was designed to examine the representational field of sexuality of those teenagers according to their religious allegiance, socio-economic status, gender, age. This study aimed to examine the place of the identity profile in this representational field, to analyse the strategies used to deal with the sometimes opposing messages on prevention coming from medical experts and ecclesial leaders as well as the role of significant others in this dynamic. A multi-method approach was used, combining an identify profile measure of the participants ; an association test (with four inductor words) to explore the representational field of sexuality; and semi-structured interviews (n = 11) using problematic issues to attain a deeper comprehension. Globally, the analysis of the answers obtained reveals that a majority of participants are in a first stage of transition in their identity development characterized by a tendency to act according to environmental influences. The results also show differences in the anchoring dynamics of sexuality at various levels. Teenagers from underprivileged backgrounds tend to focus on concrete elements to adress sexuality (e.g., genital organs, syphilis, the symptoms of AIDS: fever, diarrhoea) while teenagers from privileged backgrounds focus more on emotional and symbolic elements (e.g., honor, mutual confidence, stigmatization). On the issues of abstinence and virginity, the boys’ views are more liberal, assigning value to sexual experience, while girls are more or less reserved concerning virginity and tend to emphasize its market value. Religious allegiance (Catholic vs Pentecostal) points out a consensual vision of sexuality, except again for issues on virginity. As for the age variable, due to its restricted range, it does not play a determining role in our results. The analysis of the representational field according to the identity profile reached by the majority of the participants reveals a greater interest for the exploration of sexuality than for commitment to ethical principles, all this expressed through pragmatic strategies and a « logic of immediacy ». Some rare participants at a more elaborated level of development show a more integrated vision of sexuality, based on a system of values solidly grounded. On the whole, identities strategies seem to vary according to contextual issues, level of identity development and, indirectly, openness of significant others to discussion with the adolescent.
Hage, Ibrahim. "Le confessionnalisme politico-éducatif au Liban : son influence sur la vie sociale, sur les conflits intérieurs, y compris sur l'éclatement de la guerre (1943-1975)." Paris 5, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA05H019.
Full textFrom hundred and fifty years, the Lebanon state is broken in an old problem : the confessionalism. This one is present in all the state's institutions, among them, it choosed two : politic and education. The political confessionalism lies in the fact that each community, independently from the others hold the different powers, so the power of the state is extremely annihilated as it is difficult to distinguish between powers of each one. The educational confessionalism, as for it, results from the will of each community to assert its identity though its own school, for the unique mean to retain the power if you have it (or to reach it if you have'nt) is to shape the young men as community's sons rather than as nation's ones. But the educational confessionalism operates on relations between citizens: to know the confession of your partner becomes necessary for whatever communication: without that each project or experience will meet failure. Finally, with its closed characteristics, the political and educational confessionalism leads to as much institutional as mental fixity. That is one among the mean obstacles for any movement in Lebanese society, and one among the mean causes of the break-out of war
Al, Ali Shaban. "La laïcité et l’enseignement supérieur : étude comparée de son application en France et en Turquie." Reims, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REIML003.
Full textBased on the constitutional law the higher education provided by public service and state is a laic and secular system in France and Turkey. Therefore, the Turkish and French universities require applying the secularism principles according to conditions implanted in their respective national legislations. France and Turkey assert in their constitutions that the principles are fundamental for their Republics. However, the applied legal methods are nevertheless divergent in which the republican and laic tradition in France differ from the Turkish one. Indeed, the difference of both legal system initiate from distinctive interpretation of their respective national jurisdictions (performance) about the conception of human rights and fundamental liberties. In addition, oblige of the principal of secularism and laicism may limit the freedom in practice of fundamental rights in these societies as well. Obviously, the teachers are constitutionally guaranteed to exercise the freedom of speech in both countries. Furthermore, the students have the right to express freely their religious, political and philosophic opinions by virtue of the Turkish and French right. However, in respect to secularism of the state education certain limits must be imposed on their liberties. To comply with above aspect, wearing the Islamic headscarf is forbidden in the state education institutes in Turkey to prevent disabusing of the law and order, and to protect of the rights and the liberties of others. Also the ban is for protecting of the dignity of the women as well as the defence of the secularism and democratic system in Turkey. The European Court of Human Rights has granted the credit of conventionality to this ban. Notably the wearing of patent religious signs such as headscarf in the public schools is forbidden since 2004 based on the new French law. Moreover, the French universities have exercised similar practice and some presidents of universities have opened the debate about these issues in their universities
Doré, Guichard. "Politique de formation professionnelle et d'emploi en Haïti : le cas du secteur du tourisme (1980-2010)." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00648788.
Full textMunier, Hadrien. "Le vodou asogwe diasporique transnational : Ontologie analogique et naturalisme moderne globalisé." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2126.
Full textThis Ph.D. thesis deals with a contemporary form of Haitian vodou practiced in the diaspora and especially in Montreal. I chosen to focus my study on one of its version existing in Haiti, called vodou asogwe. Thereby my thesis analyzes a diasporic and transnational religion in the context of globalization. Empiric data of my research expose that the practice of vodou asogwe in Montreal lies as on adaptations to this new context than a continuity of its deep logic.I designed my methodology to grasp the meaning of the religious practice from the inside, regularly practicing with my interlocutors. I led my Ph.D. fieldwork during two years into a spiritual family, while taking into account the wider religious lineage in which it is embedded. This drove me to observe the rituality and to conduct interviews in several locations spread between Montreal and Haiti, all of them connected by this transnational religious lineage.The analysis I develop combines the study of transnational religions to the theoretical lens of ontological anthropology. The demonstration aims to analyze the way in which adaptation of diasporic vodou asogwe to globalization allows it to perpetuate itself while being inside a modern context but still lying on a specific ontology. In order to unfold this analysis the thesis is structured by the study of the dynamic between adaptations and continuities in the practice of vodou which appears in particular in its spatial insertion and its territorialization process
Dalcourt, Isabelle. "SOCIÉTÉ QUÉBECOISE ET RELIGION ENTRE 1999 ET 2009 Réflexion critique sur les sciences des religions et plaidoyer pour une éducation de type patrimonial." Thesis, Université Laval, 2011. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2011/28200/28200.pdf.
Full textJean, Jesse. "Etude de l’aide internationale pour la réalisation de l’éducation pour tous en Haïti." Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC0066/document.
Full textIn Haiti, the public effort for education is insufficient. Primary education is underdeveloped and is of low quality. Despite substantial progress made during the last twenty five years, the country is still far behind from achieving the goal of Education for All (EFA). The latest available statistics indicate that more than 4.5 million girls and boys are currently outside the school system. Abandonment, repetition, bad grouping of students and poor educational support reflect negatively on learning achievement. Teachers' salaries are insignificant and teaching conditions deprived. Hence, the school system suffers a deficit of control, governance and external efficiency.To accompany Haitian national planners and policy makers in their strategies for universal education, major multilateral organizations, including the World Bank, implement the Project Education for All (EFA I and II) also called. Through a program called “Project for Public Schools to Community Management (PPSCM)” they aim to achieve universal primary education in some disadvantaged rural areas where access to basic primary education remains inadequate or nonexistent. However, despite the various projects or international aid programs dedicated to the expansion of universal education all over Haiti, the goal of achieving Education for All is far from being reached.The findings of our empirical analysis show, the positive effect of international aid on school access and its significant impact on gender parity in Haiti. On the other hand, it exposes many difficulties that obstruct an effective implementation of international aid for education in Haiti at central, departmental and communal levels. The data collected in the field point out some negative effects, for example on the quality of the school, local dynamics, as well as administrative organization methods and educational management of the school system in areas where the PPSCM is implemented. The conclusion of this study reveals that the goal of Education for All will not be achieved and there still is a long way to go to provide school to all children in Haiti
Milot, Micheline. "De la transmission de la religion : rapports famille-école." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/29429.
Full textDesravins, Gardiner. "La contribution des parents haïtiens analphabètes dans la réussite scolaire de leurs enfants." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CNAM1270.
Full textThis research explores the knowledge and skills mobilized by illiterate Haitian parents to promote the academic success of their children, in the department of Nord’Est, the city of Fort-Liberté in particular. It gives a special place to children's words. The target population consists of illiterate Haitian parents with school-age children (grade 7 to grade 9), students, teachers, school principals.More precisely, our research looks into the conditions of help and mediation in the interactions between parents and children. To do so, we opted for the construct of professional didactics while crossing the theoretical and conceptual contributions of many authors, such as Line Numa-Bocage for didactic mediation, Bernard Charlot for the relation to knowledge, Pierre Pastré for professional didactics, Lev Vygostki for the socioconstructivist approach. Three types of data were collected via a questionnaire, semi-structured interviews, and video-films. To analyze the data, the content analysis advocated by Laurence Bardin was used. The objective of this research is, on the one hand, to identify the educational strategies parents resort to in the education of their children in order to update the knowledge and skills of these parents considered as illiterate; and on the other hand, to shed new light on the problem of education in Haiti. In fact, we hope to challenge established certainties by providing tools for reflection so as to better understand the issues of academic success
Déloye, Yves. "La citoyenneté au miroir de l'école républicaine et de ses contestations : Politique et religion en France XIX-XX siècle." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010298.
Full textApproaching citizenship from a sociological angle, the thesis sets about to realize the invention of this form of division of the political work, of its form of existence, and of the resistance it has historically met in france from 1880 to 1914. The analysis of the content in moral and civic instruction manuels in usage in the public and private schools prove the existence of two antagonistic representations of citizenship. Very cleary differentiated from the catholic culture which was dominent up to this date, the republican citizenship rests on an optimistic and rational conception of man which autorizes him to regulate, in an autonomous fashion, his passions. This moral autonomy permits the national identity to be diffrenciated from the catholic referent, in which is was traditionally mixed. Not subscriving to the principal of political autonomy, the church and the principal representatives of the catholic elite will refuse to adhere to this novice conception of a social and political link. They will contest the division operated by citizenzhip between the social man, engaged in life, the citizen belonging to the national community and the christian living his faith in the hope of salvation. Civicism and catholicism remains therefore inextricably linked. This refutation of the whole moral economy diffused by the public primary school teachers rests on a pessimistic conception of man. As a result of nature, man is only able to be moral when he is constrained by a metasocial power. God. The moral logic of salvation which forbids the emancipation of the citizen from the religions community which continues to form the basis for thre civic connection
Younes, Ahmad. "Le fanatisme religieux et les pratiques éducatives familiales en Syrie." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMR065.
Full textNowadays, we are witnessing a rising tide of violence and religious fanaticism, particularly in Syria. The intriguing paradox is that these criminal acts, tinged with the colors of barbarism and horror, are not perpetrated by recognized criminals, delinquents or proven lunatics, but, on the contrary, the perpetrators of these crimes are individuals deemed normal, with no criminal record. How to understand this phenomenon from the point of view of society and the education of young people? Syrian society, among others, has experienced strong pressures causing accelerated changes that constitute fertile ground for various phenomena of violence, murder, looting, looting, destruction, and fanaticism both ethnic and religious. In this regard, our research attempts to shed light on the notion of fanaticism, to identify some of its processes, to explain the mechanisms and causes of fanaticism, starting by examining the role of the family in the constitution and formation of such trends. The research question is to question the link that there could be between parental educational practices and the phenomenon of religious fanaticism in Syria. By relying on a crossed approach that is at the same time psycho-educational, socio-anthropological and philosophical. Regarding the relationship between parental education practices in Syria and the degree of religious fanaticism, research shows the existence of a very strong link, especially among boys. The more authoritarian are these parenting practices, the more the boys tend to be fanatical
Destin, Iramène. "L’approche par compétences en contextes scolaires francophones : quels enjeux contextuels dans le cas d’Haïti et du Burkina Faso ?" Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA131/document.
Full textEducation systems in developing countries have undergone real transformations since the 1990s. Different reforms have been undertaken to improve their effectiveness in the face of the various changes brought about by the effects of globalization. Following the two major international meetings in Jomtien in 1990 and in Dakar in 2000 devoted to the state of education in the world, this sector is at the center of global concerns. Thus, under the impetus of the major challenges launched by international funding agencies at large gatherings, developing countries are committed to undertake comprehensive reforms in their education systems.However, due to their philosophy, constraints linked to the particularities of the contexts of appropriation and the pressure exerted by donors who demand rapid results, these reforms face enormous difficulties of applicability.This dissertation analyzes the beginning of the skills reform undertaken in Haiti and Burkina Faso in 2007. It reinforces the idea of the need for a national strategy, in redefining objectives according to the realities and aspirations of the populations, in managing the human and material resources needed to effectively reform against the risk of further weakening these already precarious educational systems
Elzam, Karine. "Principe de lai͏̈cité et enseignement public en France." Paris 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA010280.
Full textLe, Barzic Catherine. "La gestion de la diversité religieuse et culturelle au sein du système éducatif anglais. L'apport du New Labour." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030136.
Full textThe election of New Labour, in 1997, suggested a radical change in many areas. The management of religious and cultural diversity, due to Tony Blair’s profound attachment to multiculturalism, was certainly a field in which expectations were particularly high. Our research deals with this aspect of his governance focusing on the English educational system, and on the management of cultural and religious practices, as far as Muslim, Hindu, Sikh, Jewish and Christian pupils are concerned. We study New Labour’s contribution, considering the situation they inherited, a consequence of the specificity of the British educational system, of its encounter with Islam, Judaism, Hinduism, and Sikhism, and of the marginalisation of these religions cultural and religious practices by Margaret Thatcher’s government. We emphasize more particularly the contradictions and paradoxes of Tony Blair’s government policies. The integration of non-Christian pupils was indeed at the heart of their political and programmatic discourses. It remained however mainly emblematic. The educational system found itself at the centre of integrationist policies, which caused it to evolve, as well as British multiculturalism, in an unexpected way. Instead of getting a more favourable answer to the claims surrounding their cultural and religious practices, non-Christian pupils were increasingly compelled to adapt, causing their situation to worsen on a certain number of aspects
Aşçı, Mehmet. "L’Etat laïque et sa religion officielle : l’enseignement religieux, l'uléma et les minorités en Turquie." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010267.
Full textThis study is a research about the secularism principle of Turkish constitution. My hypothesis is that the secularism principle in Turkey is a political way helping to conjectural aims and it isn't a political principle about state's neutrality against different religious beliefs. I deal with the historical union between the Turkish State and the Sunni tradition in the 3 different republican periods and 3 different fields, religious education, ulema and religious minorities. ln the first part I discuss how the State used the secularism ideology between ] 923-1960 constituting religious education politics, Islamic clergy politics and non Muslim minorities politics. The second part studies how the secularism institutionalized by the first Republic was reinterpreted by conservative governments and by the second Republic. How did a political transformation from the secular nation ideal to a Muslim nation ideal, shape the religious education, secular state and institutionalized Islamic clergy politics ? ln the third part, we focus on Islamic ulema and religious minorities politics in the post coup d'état period of 1980 and we try to see how Islam and the secularism were used as a political instrument as part of rationality goals, in order to defend the authority of a strong state built according to the Jacobin model by the army which founded the third Republic and by the lslamist party in power
Silhol, Guillaume. "L’enseignement de la religion en Italie : institutionnalisation et pratiques d’une catégorie d’action publique." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0469.
Full textThis dissertation proposes a contribution to the political sociology of institutions through a case study of institutionalization of “blurred” labor in Catholic religious education, a non-compulsory subject in Italian State schools. Based on qualitative data and archival research, this study deals with the social conditions of the conflictual requalification of formerly pastoral tasks of Catholic teachers in educative labor from the 1970s, through the politicization of “religious culture” as a professional mandate and as a need of the students. The requalification as a school subject is made possible by the domestication of expertise and legal resources by the structures and the agents of the Catholic church, and by the presentation of presentation of narratives of “success,” materialized by the rhetorical use of numbers on the “choice” to enroll
Dabaj, Rana. "Les lycéens français et libanais aujourd'hui : étude comparée de la manière de vivre l'adolescence en France et au Liban, en relation avec la question des normes." Lyon 2, 2008. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2008/dabaj_r.
Full textThe family, the juvenile society and the high school as socialization institutions have interiorized many types of norms into the life of the adolescent, of which ways of acting necessarily differ from one country to another, due to the influence of national or even country regional cultural backgrounds. From one side, we spot the norms imposed – on the French and Lebanese adolescents alike – by society, family and religion. Being reformulated, these norms are or might be purely or simply respected; however, they might become subject to slight changes or even, more serious deviations made by the adolescent group, which has still a full opportunity to create and to produce its own norms. What matters to us in this study, from the other side, are those special types of norms elaborated directly by the adolescents; these norms, which do not apparently have the characteristic of being imposed by external factors, but rather an endogenous characteristic special to the age group
Razafimahatratra, Honoré. "L'éducation chrétienne des enfants à la Réunion : droits et devoirs des parents à la lumière du Code de droit canonique de 1983." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020STRAK007.
Full textNo human being can do without education because it enables them to acquire and develop their physical, moral and intellectual aptitudes. The purpose of education is to help every human being become fully human; to enter into a relationship with his fellow human beings and to prepare him for his final end according to the doctrine of the Catholic Church. As part of education in general, the Christian education of children engenders rightsand duties for parents and for civil and religious authorities. Be it education in general or Christian education, parents are recognized as the first educators of their children since they gave birth to them. The civil end ecclesial authorities have the role to protect children’s rights to Christian education and to help parents in their mission. In the context of Réunion Island, which experienced a period of slavery, collided with these religious customs and traditions favoured by the interbreeding of the population. Hence the existence of “hybrid practices” or “double practice” making difficult, the Christian education. Despite this situation, the Christian faith took rootin Reunionese population. Our contribution wishes to recall the rights and duties of parents in Christian education, as well as those of the society and the ecclesial community. It is about protecting the best interest of children for the common good of the society and of the Church
Molokotos-Liederman, Lina Polyxeni. "Pluralisme et éducation : l'expression de l'appartenance religieuse à l'école publique. Les cas des élèves d'origine musulmane en France et en Angletrre à travers la presse." Paris, EPHE, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPHE5017.
Full textHugon, Clothilde. "(Re)penser Dieu à l'école au Sénégal : les politiques publiques face à l'éducation "arabo-islamique"." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0225/document.
Full textOver 40% of Senegal’s population is under 15 years old. Education is therefore one of the main priorities ofthe Senegalese State and international organisations. In parallel to the State-schools or “French” speakingschools, Islamic schools are an answer to social and religious demands asked by Senegalese parents. Theseeducation institutions are called daara (Qu’ranic schools), or écoles franco-arabes, and are mainly based onthe memorization of the Qu’ran and the transmission of Islamic values.This research will focus on the education policy’s trajectory, from its first formulation during the colonialperiod (1857-1940), its ambivalence during the formation of the postcolonial State (1950-1980), and the shiftfrom a social policy (1990s) to its integration in the sector of education in 2000. This type of school offer haslong been the object of debate and controversies. Indeed, actors from a variety of horizons and interests (bothfrom the public and private sectors) have taken part in this policy process. The Senegalese State musttherefore compose and negotiate with numerous actors (religious, international, associative, etc.), who have apower to influence the process of negotiation.Throughout the analysis, the reader will get an insight into the educational public policy’s structure, and willunderstand the asks of all actors and the actions (or non-actions) of others. Overall, this research provides ahistorical understanding of the transformation of the Senegalese society and its constant interaction with theState. On a wider scale, it also brings us to question the traditional relationship between political andreligious spheres
Gustin, Marie-Hélène. "Femmes et modernisation dans la communauté swahili de Mombasa au Kénya." Paris, INALCO, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INAL0007.
Full textThe process of modernization that began with colonial rule in the 19 th century has been benefitting men more than women in the swahili community of mombasa as in most african societies. Many swahili women have until now been excluded from formal positions because of their lack of education. The women presented here however are or have been secondary school students. Education and particularly secondary education has a great influence on women's ideas towards mariage, family size, children's education, family planning, gender roles. But is western oriented education the key to a better integration of women into the modernization process ? This type of education at the highest levels is restricted to a minority of girls. The major obstacle to girl's enrollment in schools is in the end the economic level of the whole country, its policies and laws as regards women. At the community level there is a revival of the local culture and especially in its religious aspects. But the question is whether this revival is essentially a hostile response to the western oriented modernization or simply a consequence of the latest's inadequacy in the context of developing countries
Hemeryck, Richard. "Les écoles congréganistes dans le département du Nord sous le Second Empire." Lille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL30003.
Full textRomano, Antonella. "La compagnie de Jésus et la révolution scientifique constitution et diffusion d'une culture mathématique jésuite à la renaissance (1540-1640)." Paris 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA010651.
Full textThe compagny of Jésus, a new catholic order founded by ignacius of loyola in the specific context of counter reformation, is envolved, from the origin of its history, in the process of education and learning. The elaboration of the study program, at that time of crisis of aristotelianism, is based on the first practices of learning developped all over europe and on the debate concerning the definition, the statute and the fonction of mathematics in relation with both theology and philosophia naturalis. Facing those questions, the compagny defines the collegio romano as the main space for experimentation and debate. Concerning mathematics, christoph clavius plays the leading role. He designes an original study program which allows the compagny to be one of the major centers of catholic scientific activity in those years (1580-1610). The french case study throws light on the diffusion of jesuit mathematical culture. The analysis of administrative archives and manuscripts of lessons reveales first the variety of situations and underlines how others scientific traditions influence local teaching practices (second half of the 16th. Century). At the beginning of the 17th. Century, the first chairs in mathematics are opened, in accordance with the ratio studiorum. Teachers specialized in mathematics are requested and the company has to face the problem of their formation. The emergence of this new jesuit figure is studied through the first french books of mathematics written by the first real specialists. That minority of professors played a large part in making the company of jesus one of the most famous cultural institution for the spreading of scientific culture among French elits
Melcher, Christina. ""Honorez-moi souvent de vos lettres ; servez-moi de guide dans le chemin de la vertu." : les fictions épistolaires de Marie Leprince de Beaumont." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0199.
Full textIn 18th century Europe, the epistolary novel was very popular. In France, a great number of authors used this literary genre to spread, across supposedly real letters, the philosophical, and often critical ideas on society (of the time) between a growing readership.At that time, a significant number of authors, whose works were very appreciated by the public, were (was?) female. Among them were for example Françoise de Graffigny with the Peruvian Letters or Marie-Jeanne Riccoboni with serveral epistolary novels like Fanny Butler’s Letters or Julie Catesby’s Letters.From the 19th century, these authors often disappeared from the cultural memory and have been neglected by literary research for a long time. Amongst them we can find Marie Leprince de Beaumont, a catholic governess, who was, in the 19th century primarily known for her educational works for children, young girls and poor people. However, she has published a surprisingly divers œuvre : it consists of fairy tales for children, the Nouveau Magasin français, one of the first monthly journals edited by a woman, a considerable correspondence and several epistolary novels.The work of this female author who, even though she was catholic and believing, tried to pass on in her books new perspectives on the possibilities women had to live a vertous and simple life in a society that was shaped by male predominance, is only recently in the center of enhanced literary research. This thesis wants to analyse an interpret this tension between a profound christianism and the desire to improve womens acces to knowledge and education in the fictions of Marie Leprince de Beaumont who « had a predilection for the epistolary genre ». We will first range the works in their literary and historical context and place then the idea of „narrated education“ in the center of our research: how does Marie Leprince de Beaumont employ the epistolary genre to communicate philosophical ideas and behavioral patterns to her readers ?This thesis wants to show that in the 18th century it was possible to reconcile christianism with the desire to help developping the society by facilitating women’s acces to education ; that believing in God didn’t obligatorily mean that one rejected new ideas and that Marie Leprince de Beaumont and her epistolary fictions deserve their place among the authors of the Enlightenment
Cherblanc, Jacques. "Théorisation ancrée du religieusement acceptable au Québec : le service d'animation spirituelle et d'engagement communautaire dans les écoles secondaires francophones de l'île de Montréal." Bordeaux 4, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR40015.
Full textNadeau, Sylvain. "Religion et structures administratives : le cas du comité catholique du Conseil supérieur de l'éducation du Québec." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0024/MQ31769.pdf.
Full textGaudemer, Regis. "Enseigner la dimension religieuse à l'école : entre prescriptions et adaptations : stratégies professionnelles des enseignants de cycle 3 pour traiter les objets scolaires à dimension religieuse." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC010.
Full textReligions are present in schools in various forms. The teachers of cycle 3 declare that they choose strategies to teach the cultural notions present in the school curriculum of a particularly religious nature. The aim of this research is to understand, formalize and categorize all of these strategies in the form of a typology. This thesis work investigates both state school and state controlled independent Catholic schools . It is based on the one hand on all the research in education sciences considering the implementation of a teaching of religion fact at school, on the history of the place of religions in French society since the end of the nineteenth century and the progressive construction and implementation of the principle of secularism in France. On the other hand, the development of this subject is organized around field investigations such as exploratory interviews, two dozen interviews with teachers working in public and private schools and supplemented by a questionnaire to which nearly two hundred teachers participated. The originality of this study is to have succeeded in developing a reading grid (a typology) making it possible to clarify the speeches and the activities of a teacher who teaches a school notion with a religious dimension beyond any prescriptive speech or injunctive. It also makes it possible to predict more effectively the way in which an object of school culture will be taught according to its religious references, according to the intensity of this presence or according to the same place where it is taught. Self-censorship, déreligionnalisation, outsourcing, pedagogical subcontracting, imperative universalism, dilution, informalisation, homeopathic dosage or privatization, a range both vast and perfectly circumscribed of practices which gives meaning and justified professional choices
Abuhab, Valente Gabriela. "As práticas docentes e a questão religiosa : elementos de comparação entre Brasil e França." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSE2025/document.
Full textThe purpose of this research is to identify and analyze the teachers' dispositions and logic of actions when faced with a sotuation related to the religious question in two countries that define themselves as secular,such a Brazil and France. this is an ethnographic-inspired study wich mobilizes a comparative education perspective. The research is situated within the field of the Sociology of Education and uses the sociology of socialization and pragmatic sociology as the main theoretical frameworks. Therefore, we analyze the provisions and pinciples of justice in the pratice of Brazilian and French teachers at public colleges. Thus, the queestions that motived the research are : how do the teachers deal with a situation involving the religious question ? Why do they act this way ? What logic(s) of action are mobilized in teaching pratices ? Wich dispositions contribute to the "choice" of the logic action ? How social configurations influence teaching practice with regard to the religious question ? Are there differences between the teaching pratice itself ? To answer these questions,approximately thirty interviews were conducted with Brazilian and french teachers and three public institutions were part of a field observation (two institutions in Brazil and one in France), the two methods giving access to the description of professional situations concerning religions. The liberal logic identified in the pratices of Brazilian teachers and the civic logic favored in France in situations involving the religious questions are different wayss to guarantee secularism. Regarding teachers' dispositions, we have identified hybrid dispositions in Brazilian actions and professional dispositions in the French teaching practice. Finally, we have brought to light a logic of action peculiar to the teaching profession in both countries, what we call the teaching logic
Prunier, Clotilde. "Catholiques, presbytériens et enjeux de l'instruction dans les Highlands d'Ecosse au dix-huitième siècle." Grenoble 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE39029.
Full textIn the eighteenth century, it was no longer necessary for the church of Scotland to assert itself in the Lowlands. However, it was not the same in the Highlands where a few Catholic strongholds remained in spite of the penal laws enacted against the roman church. At first, the state seemed to support the presbyterians in their fight against the Catholics. As a matter of fact, the Catholics' taking part in the jacobite rebellion in 1745 strengthened the state's conviction that they threatened the Hanover dynasty. Yet, in the last decades of the eighteenth century, the state withhed its support from the Presbyterians because the several wars in which Great Britain was involved and the French revolution gave the Catholics an opportunity to prove their loyalty to the state. The penal laws were gradually repealed, leaving both churches to confront each other. Dogma did not play an important part in the quarrel since the struggle between both churches had more to do with power than religion. The church of Scotland tried to extend its influence to the "popish bounds" so as to reign supreme over all Scotland. Education was the main weapon in the Presbyterians' fight against the roman church because they were convinced that its followers' ignorance was the only reason for its survival in Scotland. Therefore, if they were to be won over to the church of Scotland, the Scottish Catholics had to be instructed. That was what the SSPCK proposed to do in the beginning of the eighteenth century. Nevertheless, a century later, the level of instruction of the Highlanders, both Ccatholics and Ppresbyterians, remained lower that of the Lowlanders, and the Catholic church, far from being rooted out, was tolerated
Urbanski, Sébastien. "L'expression de croyances religieuses dans l'enseignement public : étude comparative France-Pologne." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM3028.
Full textThis work aims to identify and to explain the expression of beliefs, especially religious ones, in public teaching. According to the Littré dictionary, public teaching (enseignement public) is the teaching given by the state. If we follow this definition, then the beliefs in question are those which are expressed by people in charge of conceiving school programs, by textbook authors, by teachers, etc. Focus will be placed on the (historical, literary…) teaching about religions, because religious beliefs are a priori the most likely to be expressed there. A key distinction will be drawn between collective beliefs and personal beliefs. France and Poland are two very different countries, but commonalities can be identified. Specifically, in both countries, it happens that beliefs expressed in public teaching arbitrarily interfere with beliefs which pupils could hold – although this arbitrary interference seems lesser in France than in Poland. Finally, our study seeks to show that the expression of personal or collective beliefs in public teaching sometimes engender domination. One original contribution of this work lies in trying to display the empirical relevance of conceptual analyses which could be qualified as “neo-holists” (Margaret Gilbert, Raimo Tuomela, Philip Pettit) and for which a common concern is to reformulate with more analytical rigor some of Durkheim's intuitions
Husser, Anne-Claire. "Du théologique au pédagogique. Ferdinand Buisson et le problème de l'autorité." Thesis, Lyon, École normale supérieure, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENSL0735.
Full textFerdinand Buisson did not only play a major role, as regards institutions, in the foundation of nondenominational education during the Third Republic, he was also both a talented observer of his time and a committed thinker, concerned with the intelligibility of the various causes he embraced throughout his long career as a public figure , from liberal Protestantism to radical- socialism. The coherence of his intellectual path may be apprehended through a clear issue: The question of authority. As a matter of fact, before considering it from an educational standpoint, Ferdinand Buisson had to face it acutely inthe stormy theological and ecclesiological context of the protestant community during the second half of the 19th century. He stood up vigourously for the”liberals” in their dispute against the “orthodox” concerning respectively, the status of the Scriptures and of conscience in the process of faith. As early as 1860, Ferdinand Buisson outlines an original interpretation of the protestant tradition, which he will later on develop in 1891 in his thesis about Sébastien Castellion. In the light of his protestant works, and in many respects, his philosophy of non-denominational education sounds like the secularized expression of a deeply religious inaugural gesture in refusal of authority, in its external conservative forms. Yet, far from simply expanding on a pre-existent essence, the continuity of this thinking only becomes clear through a continuous work of re-writing, induced from debates, opposing arguments and historical situations which Buisson endeavoured to reorientate with his accomplished sense of Kairos. Indeed, we have tried to apprehend those successive reorientations and realignments of Buisson’s ideal, starting from the very first days of non-denominational education to the first discussions relating to its democratization on the eve of the first World War