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Journal articles on the topic 'Residual energy and threshold'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Burr, Tom, Michael S. Hamada, John Howell, Misha Skurikhin, Larry Ticknor, and Brian Weaver. "Estimating Alarm Thresholds for Process Monitoring Data under Different Assumptions about the Data Generating Mechanism." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2013 (2013): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/705878.

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Process monitoring (PM) for nuclear safeguards sometimes requires estimation of thresholds corresponding to small false alarm rates. Threshold estimation dates to the 1920s with the Shewhart control chart; however, because possible new roles for PM are being evaluated in nuclear safeguards, it is timely to consider modern model selection options in the context of threshold estimation. One of the possible new PM roles involves PM residuals, where a residual is defined as residual = data − prediction. This paper reviews alarm threshold estimation, introduces model selection options, and consider

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M, Vasim babu, and Ramasamy R. "An optimal energy consuming protocol for localization using ANFIS residual energy for MANET." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 2 (2018): 667. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i2.10740.

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In recent years, the scientific community has acquired a fair amount of recognition on Mobile Adhoc Networks (MANETs). These devices are used in wide range of application scenarios due to its compact size, affordable devices consumed scarce energy and finite computing resources .These application includes biomedical health monitoring, environmental monitoring and target tracking where node localization is essentially another system parameter. Localization of nodes is mandatory in order to detail the emergence of events, routing and to respond queries regarding network coverage, oblige group en

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Mote, Tushar S., and S. K. Jagtap. "Adaptive Threshold Residual Energy-Based Efficient Sensor Network Protocol (ATREEN)." Journal of Sensors 2023 (July 26, 2023): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1629438.

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Wireless sensor network (WSN) hierarchical (clustering) routing involves the gathering of sensor nodes to form clusters in which sensor node communicates to cluster head (CH). The CH is responsible for data aggregation and forwarding collected data toward base station (BS). Energy expenditure in usual protocols becomes unequal because of clusters having diverse lengths. In this paper, we propose another new enhanced clustering protocol called adaptive threshold residual energy-based efficient sensor network protocol (ATREEN) for adaptive selection of CH in WSNs. In ATREEN, CHs are chosen by co

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WANG, Gong, Mingyang SUN, Huiyang SUN, Ye ZHANG, and Ziming TENG. "An adaptive threshold of remaining energy based ant colony routing algorithm." Xibei Gongye Daxue Xuebao/Journal of Northwestern Polytechnical University 40, no. 2 (2022): 442–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jnwpu/20224020442.

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Because the node energy distribution among wireless sensor networks is not balanced and their routing algorithm is trapped in local optimal solution, this paper proposes the ant colony routing algorithm for wireless sensor network based on the adaptive residual energy threshold (ATRE-ARA). It introduces the search angle correction pheromone heuristic function to limit the search path and to reduce node energy costs. The residual energy threshold of the node is adaptive; the formula of pheromone increment is improved. The upper and lower limits of pheromone concentration are set; the pheromone

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Liu Jing, 刘菁, 田越 Tian Yue та 范九伦 Fan Jiulun. "基于累积剩余信息能量的图像阈值分割法". Laser & Optoelectronics Progress 60, № 16 (2023): 1610004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3788/lop222085.

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6

Zhang, Yun, Bin Yang, Xi Zhao, Shiqian Wu, Bin Luo, and Liangpei Zhang. "Outlier Detection by Energy Minimization in Quantized Residual Preference Space for Geometric Model Fitting." Electronics 13, no. 11 (2024): 2101. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics13112101.

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Outliers significantly impact the accuracy of geometric model fitting. Previous approaches to handling outliers have involved threshold selection and scale estimation. However, many scale estimators assume that the inlier distribution follows a Gaussian model, which often does not accurately represent cases in geometric model fitting. Outliers, defined as points with large residuals to all true models, exhibit similar characteristics to high values in quantized residual preferences, thus causing outliers to cluster away from inliers in quantized residual preference space. In this paper, we lev

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Li, Su Ping, and Yao Ling Fan. "Investigation of Sensor Fault Diagnosis in Air Handling Units Based on Wavelet Energy Entropy." Advanced Materials Research 645 (January 2013): 316–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.645.316.

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This paper presents a novel fault diagnosis method for sensors in air-handling units based on wavelet energy entropy. Instead of directly comparing the numerous data under noise conditions, the wavelet energy entropy deviation is used for the fault detection and diagnosis. The actual Three-level wavelet analysis is used to decompose the measurement data captured from sensors first and then the concept of Shannon entropy is referred to define the wavelet energy entropy. Once the wavelet energy entropy is obtained, whether the sensors are faulty can be confirmed through comparing the deviation o

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Xu, Gui Sen, and Xue Zhi Tan. "A Cluster Head Rotating Threshold for Cognitive Radio Network." Advanced Materials Research 171-172 (December 2010): 211–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.171-172.211.

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Cluster-based topology is an energy-efficient topology control method in cognitive radio networks. The cluster head node depletes energy faster than cluster member node and the rotation of cluster head node is needed to balance the energy consumption for the whole network. Aimed at the problem of unbalanced residual energy of each node caused by cluster heads and cluster members in wireless cognitive radio network, a novel algorithm named cluster head rotating threshold (CHRT) is presented. In the proposed algorithm, rotation energy threshold is estimated using cluster head real-time energy lo

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Lu, Xai Mei, Yun Fei Ma, and Shi Xun Wang. "The Study of Low-Velocity Impact Characteristics and Residual Tensile Strength of Carbon Fiber Composite Lattice Core Sandwich Structures." Advanced Materials Research 194-196 (February 2011): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.194-196.117.

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In this paper, low-velocity impact characteristics and residual tensile strength of carbon fiber composite lattice core sandwich structures are investigated experimentally and numerically. Low-velocity impact tests and residual tensile strength tests are simulated by the FE (finite element) software, ABAQUS/Explicit and its subroutine (VUMAT). In order to give more detailed description about the impact damage of the structure and improve modeling accuracy, multi-steps analysis method is employed to simulate impact process and residual tensile strength test in one analysis model. The calculatio

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10

Onuekwusi, Nnaemeka Chiemezie, Michael Chukwudi Ndinechi, Gordon Chiagozie Ononiwu, and Onyebuchi Chikezie Nosiri. "An Energy Balanced Routing Hole and Network Partitioning Mitigation Model for Homogeneous Hierarchical Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Interdisciplinary Telecommunications and Networking 12, no. 1 (2020): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijitn.2020010103.

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This article addresses the challenges of routing hole and network partitioning often experienced in hierarchical wireless sensor networks (WSNs). This developed model classifies network nodes into sets for effective energy management and formulates two cluster networks namely: switching and non-switching networks. Both networks are considered homogeneous and static WSNs and adopted approaches of residual energy, multi-hop and minimal distance as routing decision parameters. The switching network in addition introduces an energy switching factor as a major decision parameter for the switching o

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He, Qiang, and Robert A. Sanford. "Acetate Threshold Concentrations Suggest Varying Energy Requirements during Anaerobic Respiration by Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 70, no. 11 (2004): 6940–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.70.11.6940-6943.2004.

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ABSTRACT Acetate threshold concentrations were determined under chlororespiring and Fe(III)-reducing conditions for Anaeromyxobacter dehalogenans strain 2CP-C. The acetate threshold concentrations measured were 69 Ã¯Â¿Â½ 4, 19 Ã¯Â¿Â½ 8, and <1 nM for chlororespiration, amorphous Fe(III) reduction, and Fe(III) citrate reduction, respectively. Residual ΔG values of −75.4 kJ/mol of electrons for chlororespiration and −41.5 kJ/mol of electrons for amorphous Fe(III) reduction were calculated at the acetate threshold concentration. By comparing threshold concentrations for different metabolisms i

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Kang, Min Jae, Semi Jeong, Ikjune Yoon, and Dong Kun Noh. "Energy-aware determination of compression for low latency in solar-powered wireless sensor networks." International Journal of Distributed Sensor Networks 13, no. 2 (2017): 155014771769416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1550147717694168.

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There have been many studies performed about increasing network lifetime in wireless sensor networks that involve reducing data size, since the data transmission process takes up a large part of energy consumption. However, reducing data size results in increased delay time due to not only the compression computation time but also the waiting time to gather a sufficient amount of data for compression. Meanwhile, in solar-powered wireless sensor networks, the harvested energy may be surplus to the basic operations of sensor nodes. In this study, such surplus energy is utilized to reduce the del

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13

Liu, Ming Xin, and Xiao Meng Wang. "Energy Balance Routing Algorithm Based on Energy Heterogeneous WSN." Applied Mechanics and Materials 687-691 (November 2014): 3976–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.687-691.3976.

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Balancing energy load is a key problem in wireless sensor network (WSN) research. For balancing node energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime, this paper proposes an improved routing algorithm EBRA (Energy Balancing Routing Algorithm) based on energy heterogeneous WSN. To maximize the energy efficiency of network nodes, the EBRA weights the probability of cluster head election. According to the estimate value of the network average remaining energy and the residual energy of network nodes, we can calculate the new cluster head election threshold. The simulation results show that the

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Ali, Hadi Raheem, and Hussein Attia Lafta. "Energy Threshold-based Cluster Head Rotation for Routing Protocol in Wireless Sensor Networks." JOURNAL OF UNIVERSITY OF BABYLON for Pure and Applied Sciences 26, no. 7 (2018): 92–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.29196/jubpas.v26i7.1416.

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Energy efficiency represents a fundamental issue in WSNs, since the network lifetime period entirely depends on the energy of sensor nodes, which are usually battery-operated. In this article, an unequal clustering-based routing protocol has been suggested, where parameters of energy, distance, and density are involved in the cluster head election. Besides, the sizes of clusters are unequal according to distance, energy, and density. Furthermore, the cluster heads are not changed every round unless the residual energy reaches a specific threshold of energy. The outcomes of the conducted simula

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15

Trindade, A. M. F., J. Escada, M. Rajado Silva, F. I. G. M. Borges, and F. P. Santos. "Determination of ionizing threshold of trimethylamine ions with a high resolution RGA mass spectrometer." Journal of Instrumentation 17, no. 02 (2022): P02031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/17/02/p02031.

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Abstract In this work, a mass spectrometer residual gas analyzer (RGA) was used to determine the ionization thresholds (ionization energy and appearance energy) in trimethylamine (TMA, (CH3)3N), as well as the relative abundance of the ions produced by electron impact in the 7.5–70 eV electron energy range. The ten most intense peaks in the RGA mass spectra, corresponding to the most abundant ions formed by electron impact at 70 eV in TMA, were analyzed. The ionization energy for TMA, as assessed by this experiment, is 7.9 ± 0.2 eV and it is the threshold of formation of the C3H9N+ ion. This i

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Zhang, Mingwei, Shengdong Liu, Shuzhao Chen, Yanlong Chen, Guang Xu, and Deyu Qian. "Focus Energy Determination of Mining Microseisms Using Residual Seismic Wave Attenuation in Deep Coal Mining." Shock and Vibration 2018 (2018): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/3854329.

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Based on the energy attenuation characteristics of residual wave in deep rock, a method was developed to determine the microseismic focus energy. Differential energy loss in infinitesimal spreading distance is logically deduced, upon which energy attenuation equation was established. With a logarithmic transformation, a linear relation of the residual seismic energy with distance is formulated. Its intercept was used to determine the microseismic focus energy. The result is compared with that determined by the energy density method. The reliability of the determined focus energy and the impact

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17

Behrends, Holger, Dietmar Millinger, Werner Weihs-Sedivy, Anže Javornik, Gerold Roolfs, and Stefan Geißendörfer. "Analysis of Residual Current Flows in Inverter Based Energy Systems Using Machine Learning Approaches." Energies 15, no. 2 (2022): 582. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15020582.

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Faults and unintended conditions in grid-connected photovoltaic systems often cause a change of the residual current. This article describes a novel machine learning based approach to detecting anomalies in the residual current of a photovoltaic system. It can be used to detect faults or critical states at an early stage and extends conventional threshold-based detection methods. For this study, a power-hardware-in-the-loop approach was carried out, in which typical faults have been injected under ideal and realistic operating conditions. The investigation shows that faults in a photovoltaic c

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18

Senthil, Kumar T., Prabhu S. R. Boselin, R. Rajkumar, and S. Sophia Dr. "A METHODOLOGY FOR REDUCING ENERGY UTILIZATION IN DENSE WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS." International Journal of Research – Granthaalayah 4, no. 1 (2017): 125–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.848189.

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The development of wireless sensor networks was motivated by military applications such as battlefield surveillance; today such networks are used in many industrial and consumer applications, such as industrial process monitoring and control, machine health monitoring, and so on. Wireless sensor Networks (WSNs), is one of the most rapidly growing scientific domain. This is because of the development of advanced sensor nodes with extremely low cost and the potential application of such sensor nodes are ever growing. One of the characteristic feature of WSNs compared to the traditional wireless

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19

Zhao, Liquan, and Qi Tang. "An Improved Threshold-Sensitive Stable Election Routing Energy Protocol for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks." Information 10, no. 4 (2019): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/info10040125.

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In the Threshold-Sensitive Stable Election Protocol, sensors are randomly deployed in the region without considering the balanced energy consumption of nodes. If a node that has been selected as a cluster head is located far away from the base station, it will affect the efficiency of the network due to its early death. This paper proposes an improved energy efficient routing protocol named Improved Threshold-Sensitive Stable Election protocol (ITSEP) for heterogeneous wireless sensor networks. Firstly, we use a node state transformation mechanism to control the number of cluster heads in high

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20

Yanfei, Jia, Chen Guangda, and Zhao Liquan. "Energy-Efficient Routing Protocol Based on Zone for Heterogeneous Wireless Sensor Networks." Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering 2021 (May 29, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5557756.

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In heterogeneous wireless sensor networks, sensor nodes are randomly distributed in some regions. In some applications, they may be randomly distributed in different regions. Besides, nodes with the same type have almost the same probability to be selected as cluster head. The cluster head will consume much more energy to receive and transmit data than the other nodes. If nodes with little residual energy have been elected as cluster heads, it will affect the efficiency of the network due to its early death. An improved energy-efficient routing protocol is proposed for heterogeneous wireless s

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21

Eslami, Esmaeil, and Keyvan Basereh. "Effects of plasma and ultrashort laser pulse on residual electron energy in optical-field-ionized oxygen plasma." Laser and Particle Beams 31, no. 2 (2013): 187–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034612001085.

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AbstractIn this paper the classical theory of Above Threshold Ionization (ATI) in the oxygen plasma was used to show how the residual electron energy depends on the laser parameters such as pulse length, wavelength and peak intensity. The value of ATI energy is found to increase with laser wavelength and its intensity. Our study conducted for three cases of τ > 2π/νp, τ = 2π/ωp, and τ < 2π/ωp, where ωp is the plasma frequency, reveals that the ATI energy is decreased for the pulse duration τ ≠ 2π/ωp. Also it is showed how the space charge effect can reduce the residual electron energy to

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Poonam, Landge *., and Atul Nigavekar Prof. "MODIFIED AODV PROTOCOL FOR ENERGY EFFICIENT ROUTING IN MANET." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING SCIENCES & RESEARCH TECHNOLOGY 5, no. 3 (2016): 523–29. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.47639.

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Mobile ad Hoc network is a collection of wireless mobile nodes that works without any fixed infrastructure. Mobile nodes in MANET are featured with limited battery power & performance of routing protocol degrades if battery power of nodes gets exhausted. This issue not only affect lifetime of node but also its ability to forward packets. So in MANET routing protocol should provide energy efficient multi-hop route between source & destination pair. AODV routing protocol prefers shortest path for route establishment. But this may lead to repeated selection of certain nodes which in turn

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Wang, Xun, and Ling Hua Zhang. "Small-GEAR in the Specific Scenarios of Small Network." Applied Mechanics and Materials 475-476 (December 2013): 936–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.475-476.936.

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GEAR is an important geographic and energy aware routing protocol in wireless sensor network. As the GEAR is short of enough topology knowledge and the nodes energy is limited, routing void and routing loop will be arisen. This paper presents a smart energy aware routing protocol based on the geographic (SGEAR), which is suitable for the specific scenarios of small network. In the specific scenarios of small network, there are three major nodes to concentrate on, (1) the selected (2) the void (3) the residual energy is less than threshold. The SGEAR modifies the cost functions based on the res

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Pan, Hong, and Yong Zhang. "An Energy Balance Routing Protocol Based on AODV." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 2442–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.2442.

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The best is to read these instructions and follow the outline of this text. AODV protocol is usually used to establish path in MANET while not consider energy controlling, this will lead to some nodes become invalid quickly. This paper presents an routing protocol called EAODV base on AODV, it selects the path where the average energy is the maximal and the minimal residual energy of node is higher than the threshold value to transmit data, it also can prolong the network lifetime. the simulation results show that EAODV can efficiently reduce node failure rate and the average end-to-end delay.

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Liang, Liang, Xu-yang Liu, and Chao Zhou. "Photoionization of Al X from ground state using the relativistic R-matrix close-coupling method." Canadian Journal of Physics 92, no. 3 (2014): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjp-2013-0418.

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The relativistic R-matrix method is used to calculate the total photoionization cross sections from the ground state 1s22s2 1S0 of Al X for photon energies ranges from the first ionization threshold to just above the eighth threshold of the residual ion Al XI. In this work, the relativistic distorted-wave method is employed to calculate the fine-structure energy levels and radial functions. The lowest eight level target states of Al XI are used in the photoionization calculations of Al X and should provide a reasonably complete database for practical application for photoionization cross secti

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Gu, Xiang Ping, and Rong Lin Hu. "ECRPW: Energy-Efficient Clustering Routing Protocol Based on Weight for WSNs." Applied Mechanics and Materials 182-183 (June 2012): 823–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.182-183.823.

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ECRPW (energy-efficient clustering routing protocol based on weight) routing protocol is presented to avoid the characteristic of limited energy for wireless sensor networks. It takes nodes’ residual energy into consideration during the process of cluster heads being elected. The constraint of distance threshold is used to optimize cluster scheme. Furthermore, it also sets up the routing tree based on cluster heads’ weight. We simulate and analyze LEACH and ECRPW in NS2. The results show that the performance of ECRPW is better than LEACH.

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Wang, Xue, Chunbin Gao, and Meng Sun. "Probabilistic Prediction Algorithm for Cycle Life of Energy Storage in Lithium Battery." World Electric Vehicle Journal 10, no. 1 (2019): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj10010007.

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Lithium batteries are widely used in energy storage power systems such as hydraulic, thermal, wind and solar power stations, as well as power tools, military equipment, aerospace and other fields. The traditional fusion prediction algorithm for the cycle life of energy storage in lithium batteries combines the correlation vector machine, particle filter and autoregressive model to predict the cycle life of lithium batteries, which are subjected to many uncertainties in the prediction process and to inaccurate prediction results. In this paper, a probabilistic prediction algorithm for the cycle

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CHEOUN, M. K., and K. S. KIM. "ONE- AND TWO-STEP PROCESSES ON THE NEUTRINO-NUCLEUS SCATTERING NEAR NUCLEON THRESHOLD REGION." International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series 01 (January 2011): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010194511000237.

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Neutrino (antineutrino) [Formula: see text] scattering off 12 C is one of key reactions for the ν-process in the nucleosysnthesis of light nuclei, which usually assumes indirect two-step processes within the energy range from a few to tens of MeV. We investigate the direct [Formula: see text] quasi-elastic scattering off 12 C around the energy region liberating one nucleon and evaluate effects of the direct processes in the abundances. The direct processes might be comparable to the indirect processes if the final state interactions between outgoing nucleons and residual nuclei are explicitly

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Tayal, Swaraj S., and Oleg Zatsarinny. "Benchmark PhotoIonization Cross-Sections of Neutral Scandium from the Ground and Excited States." Atoms 9, no. 4 (2021): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atoms9040083.

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The B-spline R-matrix method has been used to investigate cross-sections for photoionization of neutral scandium from the ground and excited states in the energy region from the 3d and 4s valence electron ionization thresholds to 25 eV. The initial bound states of Sc and the final residual Sc+ ionic states have been accurately calculated by combining the multiconfiguration Hartree-Fock method with the frozen-core close-coupling approach. The lowest 20 bound states of Sc I belonging to the ground 3d4s2 and excited 3d24s, 3d24p, 3d4s4p, 4s24p, and 3d3 configurations have been considered as initi

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Ashkhotov, Oleg, and Irina Ashkhotova. "Nanomorphology of Aluminum Oxide Layer after Argon Ion Bombardment." Journal of Nano Research 32 (May 2015): 60–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.32.60.

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Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) studied the interaction of argon ions with a natural oxide layer of polycrystalline aluminum. It was found that the bombardment of argon ions with an energy lower sputtering threshold Al2O3leads to accumulation of ions bombarding the interstitial voids in the surface, thereby forming a solid solution of atoms of the target, the argon ions and nitrogen ion beam, the captured residual gas from the chamber of the spectrometer.

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Peng, Mengyu, Wei Liu, Tian Wang, and Zhiwen Zeng. "Relay Selection Joint Consecutive Packet Routing Scheme to Improve Performance for Wake-Up Radio-Enabled WSNs." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (January 4, 2020): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/7230565.

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Reducing energy consumption, increasing network throughput, and reducing delay are the pivot issues for wake-up radio- (WuR-) enabled wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In this paper, a relay selection joint consecutive packet routing (RS-CPR) scheme is proposed to reduce channel competition conflicts and energy consumption, increase network throughput, and then reduce end-to-end delay in data transmission for WuR-enabled WSNs. The main innovations of the RS-CPR scheme are as follows: (1) Relay selection: when selecting a relay node for routing, the sender will select the node with the highest e

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Sarkar, B., M. G. Rashed, D. Das, and R. Yasmin. "Energy-Aware Threshold Sensitive Stable Election Protocol (EATSEP) for Wireless Sensor Networks." Journal of Scientific Research 14, no. 2 (2022): 419–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v14i2.55330.

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In most of the traditional cluster-based hierarchical routing protocols, the cluster head (CH) selection is made on a random basis. As a result, some unlucky sensor nodes (SNs) become dead quickly; thereby, network lifetime reduces drastically. To overcome this problem, in this paper, a new cluster-based routing protocol- Energy-Aware Threshold Sensitive Stable Election Protocol (EATSEP) is presented for wireless sensor networks (WSNs). In the EATSEP protocol, the CH selection is an optimum process where the initial and residual energy of each SNs are considered within a heterogeneous SNs ener

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Kia, Ghazaleh, and Alireza Hassanzadeh. "STBCP: An Energy Efficient Sub-threshold Bee Colony-based Protocol for Wireless Sensor Networks." International Journal of Sensors, Wireless Communications and Control 9, no. 4 (2019): 443–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210327909666190208160146.

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Background & Objective: In this paper, a new energy efficient LEACH-based protocol for wireless sensor network is presented. One of the main issues in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is the battery consumption. In fact, changing batteries is a time consuming task and expensive. It is even impossible in many remote WSNs. Methods: The main goal of the presented protocol is to decrease the energy consumption of each node and increase the network lifetime. Lower power consumption results in longer battery lifetime. This protocol takes the advantage of sub-threshold technique and bee colony alg

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Alajangi Soniya, P. Pushpalatha ,. "An Approach to Identify “ R Peak” of an Ecg Signal Using Shannon Energy to Improve Clinical Diagnosis." Tuijin Jishu/Journal of Propulsion Technology 44, no. 4 (2023): 830–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.52783/tjjpt.v44.i4.939.

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A novel method for processing Electrocardiogram (ECG) signals, with a focus on interpreting the QRS complex and extracting its characteristics. The algorithm incorporates a variety of techniques, including median filtering, the Shannon energy transform, segmentation, time and amplitude thresholds, and statistical false peak elimination (SFPE). These filters play a crucial role in the preprocessing phase, reducing undesired background noise and interference. With in the algorithm, the Shannon energy (SE) is computed, and an SE envelope is generated by applying a predefined threshold. This envel

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Reichmuth, Colleen, Jillian M. Sills, Jason Mulsow, Marla M. Holt, and Brandon L. Southall. "Temporary threshold shifts from mid-frequency airborne noise exposures in seals." Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 157, no. 6 (2025): 4685–96. https://doi.org/10.1121/10.0036849.

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To evaluate the residual effects of airborne noise, hearing thresholds were obtained before and after noise exposure using behavioral psychophysics for two phocid carnivores: a northern elephant seal (Mirounga angustirostris) and a harbor seal (Phoca vitulina). The seals were trained to position calmly during exposure to octave-band white noise centered at 1 or 2.5 kHz with varying level (65 to 125 dB sensation level, SL) and duration (1.5 to 50 min). Threshold shifts were determined at the center frequency of the noise band as the difference between detection thresholds measured prior to and

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Liao, Qian, and Hao Zhu. "An Energy Balanced Clustering Algorithm Based on LEACH Protocol." Applied Mechanics and Materials 341-342 (July 2013): 1138–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.341-342.1138.

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The primary objectives of the wireless sensor network routing protocol design are balancing network energy consumption and extending the entire network lifetime. This paper analyses the effectiveness of LEACH protocol in cluster-head selection, and proposes an improved clustering algorithm. This new algorithm takes nodes residual energy and location information into account, optimizes the selection method of the threshold for electing cluster-head, improves optimal cluster-head selection strategy that is normal nodes select the optimal cluster-head based on the cost function. Simulation result

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He, Yecong, and Min Tan. "Design of Indoor Temperature Monitoring and Energy Saving Control Technology Based on Wireless Sensor." International Journal of Online Engineering (iJOE) 13, no. 07 (2017): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3991/ijoe.v13i07.7289.

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<p><span style="font-family: 宋体;">Considering the indoor temperature monitoring and energy saving control technology, based on the traditional low energy adaptive clustering hierarchy (LEACH), a multi-hop clustering routing algorithm is proposed. By adding a threshold in LEACH, the algorithm makes the nodes with high residual energy and high nodes become cluster heads. The results show that the improved algorithm can effectively prolong the life cycle of wireless sensor networks. Based on above findings, it is concluded that the proposed algorithm can save the system energy and imp

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Krummenacker, Janna, and Joachim Hausmann. "Determination of Fatigue Damage Initiation in Short Fiber-Reinforced Thermoplastic through Acoustic Emission Analysis." Journal of Composites Science 5, no. 8 (2021): 221. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcs5080221.

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This study investigates the damage initiation in short glass fiber-reinforced polyamide 6.6 under fatigue loading using acoustic emission analysis. An optimized specimen geometry was developed to meet the specific requirements of this testing method, at the same time allowing further micromechanical studies. Specimens were preloaded with tensile–tensile fatigue loading, varying the maximum stress and the number of load cycles. Subsequently, the acoustic emission signals in residual strength tests were compared to those of undamaged specimens. The idea behind this approach is that only the dama

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Wang, Qi, Chao Sun, Yuelin Li, and Yuechan Liu. "Numerical Simulation of Erosion Characteristics and Residual Life Prediction of Defective Pipelines Based on Extreme Learning Machine." Energies 15, no. 10 (2022): 3750. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15103750.

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Aiming to solve the problem that the residual life of defective elbows is difficult to predict and the prediction accuracy of a traditional extreme learning machine (ELM) is unsatisfactory, a genetic algorithm optimization neural network extreme learning machine method (GA-ELM) that can effectively predict erosion rate and residual life is proposed. In this method, the input weight and hidden layer node threshold of the hidden layer node is mapped to GA, and the input weight and threshold of the ELM network error is selected by GA, which improves the generalization performance of the ELM. Firs

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Jasim, Ahmed A., Mohd Yamani Idna Idris, Saaidal Razalli Bin Azzuhri, Noor Riyadh Issa, Muhammad Towfiqur Rahman, and Muhammad Farris b. Khyasudeen. "Energy-Efficient Wireless Sensor Network with an Unequal Clustering Protocol Based on a Balanced Energy Method (EEUCB)." Sensors 21, no. 3 (2021): 784. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21030784.

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A hot spot problem is a problem where cluster nodes near to the base station (BS) tend to drain their energy much faster than other nodes due to the need to perform more communication. Unequal clustering methods such as unequal clustering routing (UDCH) and energy-efficient fuzzy logic for unequal clustering (EEFUC) have been proposed to address this problem. However, these methods only concentrate on utilizing residual energy and the distance of sensor nodes to the base station, while limited attention is given to enhancing the data transmission process. Therefore, this paper proposes an ener

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Ingman, D., and Y. Michlin. "Damage Accumulation During Stress Relaxation of Polymer Films in Bending." Journal of Electronic Packaging 124, no. 3 (2002): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1463731.

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A nonlinear viscoelastic damage accumulation model with a physical approach is presented with a view to describing stress relaxation in amorphous and partially crystalline polymers. The deformation is represented as stress-aided transition through a series of symmetrical energy barriers. There is also a stress threshold, introduced by the authors and representing an asymptotic residual stress below which relaxation does not occur. The model comprises three parameters: an activation volume, V; a product of several parameters with physical meaning, A (only the combination of A and V in the form

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Sharmin, Nusrat, Amit Karmaker, William Luke Lambert, Mohammad Shah Alam, and MST Shamim Ara Shawkat. "Minimizing the Energy Hole Problem in Wireless Sensor Networks: A Wedge Merging Approach." Sensors 20, no. 1 (2020): 277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20010277.

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The Energy hole problem, a common phenomenon in wireless sensor networks, significantly decreases the lifetime of any deployed network. Some of the popular techniques to minimize such problems are using mobile sinks instead of static sinks, extending the transmission range dynamically, and deploying redundant sensor nodes near the base station/sink. The major drawback to these techniques are that energy holes may still be created at some point due to their static nature of deployment, despite having the overall residual energy very high. In this research work, we adopt a new approach by dividi

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Alansari, Zainab, Mohammed Siddique, and Mohammed Waleed Ashour. "FCERP: A Novel WSNs Fuzzy Clustering and Energy Efficient Routing Protocol." Annals of Emerging Technologies in Computing 6, no. 1 (2022): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33166/aetic.2022.01.002.

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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are set of sensor nodes to monitor and detect transmitted data to the sink. WSNs face significant challenges in terms of node energy availability, which may impact network sustainability. As a result, developing protocols and algorithms that make the best use of limited resources, particularly energy resources, is critical issues for designing WSNs. Routing algorithms, for example, are unique algorithms as they have a direct and effective relationship with lifetime of network and energy. The available routing protocols employ single-hop data transmission to the

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Tajyar, Ali, Noah Holtham, Nicholas Brooks, et al. "Laser Peening Analysis of Aluminum 5083: A Finite Element Study." Quantum Beam Science 5, no. 4 (2021): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/qubs5040034.

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In this research, a finite element (FE) technique was used to predict the residual stresses in laser-peened aluminum 5083 at different power densities. A dynamic pressure profile was used to create the pressure wave in an explicit model, and the stress results were extracted once the solution was stabilized. It is shown that as power density increases from 0.5 to 4 GW/cm2, the induced residual stresses develop monotonically deeper from 0.42 to 1.40 mm. However, with an increase in the power density, the maximum magnitude of the sub-surface stresses increases only up to a certain threshold (1 G

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Yuan, Zhigang, Bo Zhong, Hongjun Liu, et al. "The influence of chemical etching on the surface quality of phase components." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2591, no. 1 (2023): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2591/1/012017.

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Abstract Large-aperture fused silica phase optical components such as continuous phase plate (CPP) are widely used in large-scale laser devices to achieve beam homogenization and improve beam quality. However, under the action of high-energy lasers, their lower damage threshold seriously restricts their service life and increases cost of using. Compared with other fused silica components, chemical processing technology with hydrofluoric acid solution (HF) is lacking in the processing of phase components because the residual root mean square value (RMS) of phase elements is very high, and it ca

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Ali, Shafqat, Muhammad Taskeen Raza, Ghulam Abbas, Nasim Ullah, Sattam Al Otaibi, and Hao Luo. "Sliding Mode Observer-Based Fault Detection in Continuous Time Linear Switched Systems." Energies 15, no. 3 (2022): 1090. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15031090.

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This paper studies the problem of fault detection for continuous time linear switched systems in the presence of disturbance. For this purpose, a fault detection sliding mode observer approach is designed to generate the residual signal. To minimize the effect of disturbance from the residual, the problem is formulated into H∞ filtering technique to increase more robustness. To deal with the issue of the switched systems stability, the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional method is utilized along with average dwell time, and linear matrix inequalities are formulated to derive the sufficient conditio

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Zhang, Li Hua, Li Ping Zhang, and Ren Hang Huang. "Energy Efficient Passive Clustering Based Directed Diffusion Protocol." Advanced Materials Research 108-111 (May 2010): 1509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.108-111.1509.

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In directed diffusion (DD), the diffusion of interest and exploratory data leads to heavy energy consumption. In this paper, we propose an improved directed diffusion routing protocol on the basis of Passive Clustering Directed Diffusion (PCDD). This protocol has many merits:1).In order to avoid the unbalance energy consumption, this protocol adopts cluster declaration mechanism based on energy threshold value and gateway selection mechanism based on residual energy.2).In order to reduce the energy consumption of the network topology reconfiguration， this protocol uses the cluster head or gate

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Agarwal, Madan Mohan, Hemraj Saini, and Mahesh Chandra Govil. "Probabilistic and Fuzzy based Efficient Routing Protocol for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks." Recent Advances in Computer Science and Communications 13, no. 3 (2020): 422–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2213275912666190101115318.

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Background: The performance of the network protocol depends on number of parameters like re-broadcast probability, mobility, the distance between source and destination, hop count, queue length and residual energy, etc. Objective: In this paper, a new energy efficient routing protocol IAOMDV-PF is developed based on the fixed threshold re-broadcast probability determination and best route selection using fuzzy logic from multiple routes. Methods: In the first phase, the proposed protocol determines fixed threshold rebroadcast probability. It is used for discovering multiple paths between the s

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Lei, Zhihong, Yanjun Zhang, Zhongjun Hu, et al. "Application of Water Fracturing in Geothermal Energy Mining: Insights from Experimental Investigations." Energies 12, no. 11 (2019): 2138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12112138.

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Currently, water fracturing under deep geothermal conditions remains poorly understood because the reservoir rocks are usually high-strength crystalline rocks characterized by high temperatures. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of rock properties, injection rates, and temperatures on hydraulic fracturing behavior and the induced crack characteristics through experimental investigations. A series of hydraulic fracturing experiments was conducted on two Indosinian granite types to investigate the differences in hydraulic fracturing behavior caused by rock properties. Among oth

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Staroverov, O. A., E. M. Strungar, A. I. Mugatarov, and M. A. Dubrovskaya. "Residual Strength and Fatigue life of Woven Composite under Compression after Impact Loading." PNRPU Mechanics Bulletin, no. 5 (December 15, 2024): 106–19. https://doi.org/10.15593/perm.mech/2024.5.09.

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The paper investigates the influence of preliminary low-velocity loading on the change in residual strength and fatigue characteristics of a fabric composite using modern testing and diagnostic equipment. A new testing method for layered composites is proposed, which consists of a preliminary low-velocity impact with a drop-weight load followed by cyclic compression. A series of tests were conducted on impact with a drop-weight in a wide energy range followed by a quasi-static and cyclic compression of damaged laminated fiberglass plates. Experimental dependences of residual static strength an

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