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Pataï, Véronique. "Les scribes de Nuzi : le cas des scribes de Tulpun-naya : Approche prosopographique et identification des processus de formation au sein des familles de scribes." Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2017/document.
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Cette recherche s’intéresse à un groupe de 12 scribes de Nuzi ayant écrit pour le compte d’une femme, Tulpun-naya. L’objectif de cette thèse est de conduire une étude prosopographique de ce groupe de scribes et d’identifier les processus de leur formation.Il s’agit pour chacun d’entre eux de déterminer les modalités de l’exercice de leur métier à travers l’analyse des paramètres suivants :– L’identification du cercle des personnes avec lesquelles le scribe travaille (commanditaires, témoins, juges, collègues).– La zone d’activité dans le royaume d’Arrapḫe.– Le type de textes qu’il rédige.– Les habitudes rédactionnelles (orthographe, syntaxe).– Les caractéristiques diplomatiques de la tablette (forme, « mise en page » du texte).– Les usages liés aux sceaux (prêt, transmission, partage, nombre de sceaux utilisés par un même scribe).– Sa position sociale (scribe royal, serviteur) ou son appartenance à d’autres corporations (conducteur de char).En confrontant ces paramètres par rapport à des scribes issus d’une même famille, on vise aussi à identifier les processus de formation au métier de scribe et leurs évolutions.Ces scribes travaillent également pour d’autres commanditaires, des 37 tablettes écrites pour Tulpun-naya, ce terrain d’enquête s’élargit à 460 tablettes. De plus, comme le recours au patronyme est loin d’être systématique, la présence de scribes homonymes a pu être observée parmi les scribes de l’archive de Tulpun-naya. L’étude comparative du corpus de ces différents scribes à partir des critères cités précédemment permet de résoudre ces cas d’homonymie.Une fois le corpus de chaque scribe défini, il convient de fixer la période durant laquelle il a exercé son métier. En l’absence d’indication de date, c’est la présence de membres de grandes familles nuzites dans les documents rédigés par le scribe qui permet de situer les textes les uns par rapport aux autres dans une chronologie relative. Après avoir établi ce cadre chronologique, on est ainsi en mesure de mettre en évidence les différentes phases du déroulement de la carrière du scribeThe objective of the current thesis is to reach a better understanding of the scribe occupation and their training processes within the Nuzi documentation through the study of 12 scribes who worked for a woman named Tulpun-naya.By creating a descriptive profile for each of these scribes we develop a more precise understanding of their professional practices using the following criteria:– The professional environment (employers, colleagues) and the circle of people involved when the contract was completed (witnesses, parties, judges).– The degree of mobility: the scribe may have focused his activities within a specific city or move to other places in order to broaden his « client base ». – The level of specialization as regard written production.– The syntactical and linguistic aspects, the grammar traits and the variations in style in the scribe corpus.– The external characteristics of the medium (tablet shape and text layout).– The various practices concerning seals such as sharing and lending and transfer as well as the use of several seals by the scribe during his career.– The scribe social position and his secondary occupations if any.Furthermore, by comparing the above mentioned criteria, the present research aims to bring to light the delivery of scribal instruction, its form and evolution between scribes of a same family through several generations.The 12 scribes who worked for Tulpun-naya wrote for her 37 tablets but they were employed by other persons. In order to conduct a thorough investigation, a much vaster corpus (460 tablets) is consulted corresponding to their whole written production, from which various indicators are collected in order to create an accurate descriptive profile. This systematic approach enable to deal with the difficult problem of homonymy.Once the corpus of each scribe is defined, it is possible to identify the period during which he practiced his profession. In the absence of any date notification, the presence of members of wealthy Nuzian families in the documents written by the scribes allows us to place the texts in a relative chronology. Finally, after this chronology has been correctly established, we are able to highlight the various phases of the scribe career
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Craig-McFeely, Julia. "English lute manuscripts and scribes 1530-1630." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260011.
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Gerloff, Johannes C. F. ""A scribe taught in the kingdom of heaven" a historical-theological study in the Jewish background of early Christian scribalism /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
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Piacentini, Patrizia. "Les scribes dans la société égyptienne de l'Ancien Empire." Paris : Cybèle, 2002. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb389573566.
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Pfertzel, René. "Les Tiqquné Sopherim clandestins présents dans le texte massorétique de la Bible hébrai͏̈que." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR20025.
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L'objet de ce doctorat porte sur la question de savoir s'il y a pu avoir d'autres cas de tiqqune sopherim (TS), "corrections de scribes" que ceux listés dans les sources rabbiniques. Cette recherche est dans la droite ligne de celles de D. Barthélemy et C. Mc Carthy qui défendaient l'idée que des corrections de scribes non -officielles ont pu exister. Ce doctorat consiste en un traitement détaillé d'un nombre conséquent de cas tirés de l'oeuvre maîtresse d'Abraham Geiger (Urschrift). Ce savant était le premier à admettre l'idée que de nombreux autres cas de corrections de scribes étaient présents dans le texte hébreu de la Bible. .This thesis deals with the question whether there may have been other cases of tiqqune sopherim (TS) "corrections of scribes", than the cases listed in rabbinic sources. This research is in line with that of D. Barthélemy and C. Mc Carthy who were of the opinion that the possibility of unofficial TS must be taken seriously. The contribtuion of this thesis consists of a detailed treatment of a good number of cases selected from the work of A. Geiger (Urschrift). Geiger, who accepted the TS tradition as trustworthy, was the first scholar who was convinced that many more cases of scribal corrections were to be found in the Hebrew Bible. .
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Ernst-Pradal, Françoise. "Scribes d'Ougarit et paléographie akkadienne : les textes juridiques signés." Paris 4, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040220.
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Cette étude consacrée à la paléographie des textes juridiques suméro-akkadiens signés de Ras Shamra-Ougarit, s'attache plus particulièrement à donner un éclairage nouveau à la question controversée des "mains de scribes". Quand on sait que 96% de la documentation mise au jour sur ce site est anonyme, on en mesure l'intérêt. La méthode mise en oeuvre à partir des tablettes originales numérisées fait apparaitre des caractéristiques propres à l’écriture de chacun et montre que les "mains de scribes" sont une réalité complexe. Les résultats obtenus ont été mis à l'épreuve. Ils confirment certaines hypothèses émises par les chercheurs et en invalident d'autres, parfois communément admises. Des rédacteurs de tablettes anonymes ont été identifiés, ouvrant ainsi de nouvelles perspectives pour les recherches à venir à propos de datation, de formation, de l'organisation des scribes et de leurs liens avec le religieux, l'économique et les pouvoirs au royaume d'Ougarit du Bronze RécentThis study dedicated to the palaeography of Sumero-Akkadians legal documents from Ras-Shamra-Ougarit, strives most particularly to put a new light on the controversial issue of the "hands of scribes". When one knows that 96% of the documentation on this site is anonymous, one can appreciate its value. The method established from the original numbered tablets manifests characteristics that are proper to the writing of each and shows that the "hands of scribes" are a complex matter. The results obtained were put to testing. They confirm certain hypotheses put forward by researchers and invalidate others, sometimes commonly accepted. Writers of anonymous tablets have been identified, therefore opening new perspectives for future research regarding dating, formation, organization of these scribes and their links with the religious, the economics and the powers in the kingdom of Ougarit of Late Bronze Age
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Gehrke, Pamela Stucky. "Saints and scribes : medieval hagiography in its manuscript context /." [S. l.], 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb387803810.
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Piacentini, P. "Les scribes dans la société égyptienne de l'Ancien Empire." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/531366.
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History of functions and activities of the Egyptian scribes in the 3rd millennium BC, with mention and prosopography of around 1,000 persons who acted as scribes from the Protodynastic times until the end of the Old Kingdom. Every monument with mentions of scribes (in texts, images, etc) is analysed and dated on the basis of different criteria.
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Cole, Zachary John. "Numerals in early Greek New Testament manuscripts : text-critical, scribal and theological studies." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21711.
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This thesis examines the phenomenon of numerals as they were written by early New Testament scribes. Chapter 1 briefly introduces the two basic ways that early scribes wrote numerals, either as longhand words or in alphabetic shorthand (e.g., δύο or β̅), and summarizes the fundamental research question: how did early Christian scribes write numerals and why? The need for such a study is described in chapter 2, which reviews past discussions of the phenomenon of scribal number-writing in New Testament manuscripts. While scholars are aware of the feature and have been eager to draw it into a variety of important discussions, this has been done without any systematic or thorough study of the phenomenon itself. After these introductory chapters, the thesis proceeds in two basic parts: the first isolates the relevant data in question and the second aims to examine those data more fully and from several different angles. Part one is a systematic examination of all numerals, both cardinal and ordinal, that are extant in New Testament manuscripts dated up through the fifth century CE (II–V/VI). The principal concern is when and where numerical shorthand occurs in these manuscripts. Can we discern a Christian style of number-writing that can be distinguished from contemporary scribal customs, and, if so, what is the nature of that style? One aim is to discern the function of number-writing within individual codices, and so its relation to other codicological and scribal features is also considered. Chapter 3 examines numerals in papyrus witnesses and chapter 4 examines them in majuscules written on parchment. Part two then comprises a more thorough investigation of some important issues that arose in part one. Chapter 5 approaches the feature of number-writing from the angle of textual genealogy. Did scribes ever mimic the particular numberforms as they were written in their exemplars or did they choose between them at their own leisure? In either case, what implications does this have for our understanding of textual relationships? Chapter 6 takes a brief detour to evaluate a commonly repeated axiom: that, in Greek copies of the Old Testament scriptures, Jewish scribes consistently used longhand numerals and avoided numerical shorthand. I argue that this idea is invalid and has distorted our understanding of the provenance of some early manuscripts. Chapter 7 then considers whether theological reflection ever influenced a scribe’s decision to employ numerical shorthand. In the same way that devotional practice seems to lie at the origin of the nomina sacra, the group of scribal contractions for divine names and titles, can we detect similar patterns of number-writing that relate to theologically significant concepts and/or referents? I argue that, aside from a handful of isolated yet intriguing examples, no coherent system similar to the nomina sacra can be detected—a conclusion that nonetheless sheds a great deal of light on devotional practices among early Christians. In chapter 8, I describe a hypothesis that seeks to make sense of much of the data observed in part one. In our examination of the numerals in the early manuscripts, four curious features are identified that distinguish Christian scribal practice from that found in other corpora, all relating to numerals (or kinds of numerals) that Christian scribes, as a rule, wrote longhand rather than in shorthand. I argue that this unique adaptation of numerical abbreviation in New Testament manuscripts reflects an awareness and intentional policy to avoid forms that were potentially ambiguous in the reading of those texts, and especially in their public reading. The final portion, chapter 9, then summarizes the thesis, draws out some implications of the study, and suggests areas in which more research would be potentially fruitful.
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Webber, Teresa. "Scribes and scholars at Salisbury cathedral, c. 1075-c. 1125 /." Oxford : Clarendon press, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37160020c.
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Alden, Jane Elise. "Makers of a songbook : the scribes of the Laborde chansonnier /." Ann Arbor : UMI, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37659656v.
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Iki, Naoka. "Eugène Scribes roman-feuilleton bien fait : studien zu seinem Feuilletonwerk /." Wilhelmsfeld : G. Egert, 2001. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38858751n.
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McIntyre, Joseph. "Jeremiah 36 and the emergence of scribal prophecy." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1990. http://www.tren.com.
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Clark, Ronald R. "An examination of the evidence for the existence of scribal schools in pre-exilic Israel." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1994. http://www.tren.com.
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Conlin, Robert. "La formation d'un scribe : comment les nombres arrondis ont été exprimés dans le curriculum de scribes et adaptés à des usages administratifs." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC075.
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Comment les historiens modernes gèrent-ils les erreurs et les fautes qu'ils trouvent dans les textes anciens? C'est une question essentielle pour toute personne qui étudie l'histoire, que ce soit l'histoire des sciences ou l'histoire politique. Le chercheur doit aussi se demander comment définir une erreur: c'est souvent une difficulté à surmonter. Cependant, cette thèse considère que l'étude des erreurs et des fautes est d'un grand intérêt. En effet, l'analyse des erreurs et des fautes permet non seulement de percevoir comment les acteurs anciens sont affectés par leur environnement, mais aussi de mieux comprendre cet environnement lui-même. Cette thèse aborde la discussion sur les erreurs et les fautes au travers de l'analyse des pratiques d'arrondis. Comme son titre l'indique, la discussion s'organise en deux parties: comment les arrondis sont exprimés dans les textes scolaires, et comment la pratique des arrondis a été adaptée à des fins administratives. Ainsi, pour atteindre ce but, l'analyse textuelle est très developpée, aussi bien pour ce qui est des documents économiques que des documents mathématiques. L'étude des textes économiques, qui pour une importante partie sont inédits, concerne essentiellement des archives paléo-babyloniennes (début du deuxième millénaire avant notre ère), issues de fouilles illégales et provenant probablement de la région de LarsaHow do modern historians cope with error or mistake in texts? This is an essential question for anyone studying the histories, whether history of science or a political history. The researcher must also ask how error is to be defined: these are often sources of difficulty for researcher which must be crossed. However, this dissertation sees value in the study of error and mistake. We can describe better how an actor was affected by his surroundings through error and mistake, and in the process even help understand these surroundings. This dissertation uses rounding numbers to enter into a discussion of error and mistake. As its name implies, discussion is in two parts: how rounding numbers was expressed in the scribal curriculum and how rounding numbers was adapted for administrative purposes. Thus, extensive textual analysis is carried ou both of economic documents and mathematical texts, in pursuit of this endeavor. Study of economic texts, of which a large part are unedited, focuses on old babylonian archives (the beginning of the second millennium BCE) derived largely from illicit digs but which probably come from the region of Larsa
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Bowles, Amy. "Ralph Crane and early modern scribal culture." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/269693.
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This thesis investigates the twenty-six manuscripts which survive in the hand of the scribe Ralph Crane (1565?-1632?), and the manuscript culture in which he wrote and circulated these copies. It introduces six previously unknown Crane manuscripts, and fully evaluates Crane's scribal work as a whole for the first time. Chapter One considers the place of manuscript copies in early modern England. It introduces Crane as one of the figures responsible for the production of these copies, and details what is known of his life and career. Chapter Two situates Crane's work alongside that of other scribes, using the manuscript circulation of Sir Henry Mainwaring's early 1620s naval dictionary 'Parts and Things belonging to a Ship' as a case-study. Chapter Three looks at Crane's eight dramatic manuscripts, and argues that the presentational habits for which Crane is known were consciously adopted in order to turn dramatic texts into private, literary, presentation manuscripts. Chapter Four introduces two new Crane manuscripts, both of which contain early copies of Francis Bacon's correspondence. It considers how these Bacon manuscripts fit into the rest of Crane's scribal corpus, and how they capture an early moment in the construction of the statesman's literary legacy. Chapter Five examines Crane's manuscript poetry collections, and the other scribal circles in which these poems can be found. It finds that professional scribes, though operating separately, employed similar strategies. Finally, this thesis concludes by examining how all these copies can help to illuminate a recently discovered manuscript that otherwise gives little away. Crane's manuscripts show that he was an active textual agent: his activity arose from a responsive engagement with his texts, a consideration of their use, and a desire to produce professional and valuable volumes. His manuscripts are important witnesses to the role of the professional scribe and the manuscript circulation of literature in early modern England.
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Schams, Christine. "The status and function of Jewish scribes in the Second-Temple period." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339064.
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Rush, Mary Catherine, Todd DO MSMS Leibowitz, Katherine DO Stone, Jodi PhD Polaha, and Leigh MD MPH Johnson. "Medical Scribes in a Family Medicine Residency Program: An Implementation Outcomes Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2019/schedule/129.
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The implementation of Electronic Health Records (EHR) has improved medical documentation in terms of accuracy, team communication, and ease of ordering tests and prescriptions; however, charting in an EHR strains the provider/patient relationship and contributes to physician burnout. Medical scribes are a promising potential solution to these problems. Our study aims to demonstrate that implementation of scribes into a medical residency program positively affects provider/patient satisfaction and improves quality and efficiency of EHR documentation. Our study evaluated the effectiveness and utility of scribes in a residency training program utilizing the established implementation framework “RE-AIM,” or Reach, Effectiveness, Adoption, Implementation (quality), and Maintenance. During the study’s initial “Training Phase,” 11 first and second-year Family Medicine residents conducted scribe-facilitated patient visits. Patient and provider satisfaction ratings were collected, note quality was evaluated, and time to note closure was measured. During the subsequent “Choice Phase,” residents were given the option of whether to utilize scribes, and the same data measures were collected. Resident satisfaction ratings during the Training Phase showed an average score of 6.03 (on a 1-7 scale where “7” = “strongly agree” with positive statements), and a pilot sample of 9 patients showed an average patient satisfaction rating of 4.77 (on a 1-5 scale where “5” = “strongly agree” with positive statements). Scribe-facilitated notes coded for quality had an average score of 3.375 (on a 1-5 scale where 5 is “extremely” high quality). Finally, residents’ average time to note closure was decreased by more than 8 hours in scribe-facilitated visits. During the Choice Phase, all 11 participating residents requested scribe-facilitated visits, again with very high patient satisfaction scores (4.67 on a 1-5 scale) as well as high clinician satisfaction scores (6.06 on a 1-7 scale). Choice Phase note quality and note-closure time are currently being assessed. These results demonstrate that scribes improve clinician and patient satisfaction, as well as quality and efficiency of EHR documentation. Limitations include a small sample size of clinicians and patients. Further research is needed with larger sample sizes to determine whether scribes in a medical residency program represent a sustainable and effective intervention.
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Johnson, Leigh, Jodi Polaha, K. Stone, Todd Leibowitz, M. Briggs, M. Goodman, L. McAllister, and L. Graves. "Medical Scribes in a Family Medicine Residency Program: An Implementation Outcomes Study." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6553.
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Melgar, Cesar. "The Shaphanites political allies to a revolutionary prophet /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2006. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p077-0104.
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Wiles, Katherine. "The language and copying practices of three early medieval cartulary scribes at Worcester." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6293/.
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This thesis investigates the factors that influence the ways in which scribes copied Old English in charter texts. These factors include: the training scribes received in learning to write Old English and to copy texts; the role of the Anglo-Saxon scriptorium and the environment in which scribes worked; and the role of training and scriptorial influence in the development of a scribe’s written system. This investigation has highlighted, in particular, the lack of information about how scribes were trained in Old English compared to what is known of their training in Latin and in script acquisition. To investigate these factors, this thesis uses a comparative study of the work of the scribe of the eleventh-century Worcester Nero Middleton cartulary, copying the texts S 1280 and S 1556 from the early eleventh-century cartulary Liber Wigorniensis. The data is taken directly from the manuscripts and from original transcriptions of each charter copy, which provides evidence not available in editions. This study demonstrates the worth of studying later copies of texts, in particular of charters. It also shows the wealth of information to be found in the work of copying scribes. The study of the Nero Middleton scribe’s work has shown that scribal copying is not simply the application of one system (the copying scribe’s) onto another (the exemplar’s). In the two texts studied, this scribe exhibits different behaviours, varying in ways which are not the result of influence from their exemplar, but which suggest that their copying style and written system is changeable. From this it can be concluded that the scribes underwent some training in writing Old English which formalized aspects of their written conventions, but that much of the scribes’ conventions appear to have been influenced by the collaborative environment of the scriptorium in which they worked.
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August, Chantelle Melanie. "Inclusive alternative assessment: Exploring the use of scribes in a Cape Town primary school." University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6534.
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Magister Educationis - MEdLearners in mainstream schools have diverse learning needs and experience a variety of learning barriers. Many of the learners struggle to read and write, and are therefore in need of assistance to enhance their academic performance. In addition, schools and teachers tend to assess leaners predominantly through writing methods and prefer text-based approaches in the form of writing over numerous other forms of assessment methods prescribed in the National Policy Pertaining to the Programme and Promotion Requirements (NPPR) (DBE: 2012). However, there are other ways through which learners can be assessed. This study explored the use of scribes as an alternative method to assist learners with learning barriers. The study examined the challenges relating to alternative methods of assessment within the inclusive education paradigm which seeks to accommodate different learning needs in South African schools. The study investigated factors that influence the implementation of alternative assessment to assist learners with diverse learning barriers. This study was conducted within the framework of a qualitative case study research methodology. Data collection methods included the use of questionnaires, document analysis and semi-structured interviews with teachers in Cape Town at a primary school (which constituted the case). The research eek answers to the following research question to understand why the phenomena exist; What factors influence the use of alternative assessment methods such as the use of scribes? The research also aimed to understand teachers‟ views and perceptions regarding the implementation and processes of alternative assessment methods.
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Piacentini, Patrizia. "Enquete sur les scribes dans la societe egyptienne de l'ancien empire (les necropoles memphites)." Paris, EPHE, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EPHE4034.
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These consacree aux scribes egyptiens de l'epoque protodynastique et de l'ancien empire et particulierement a ceux des necropoles memphites. Le corpus des documents est forme d'un millier de fiches contenant les renseignements museographiques et prosopographiques, ainsi qu'un commentaire detaille et la discussion de la datation. Un chapitre introductif a ete consacre aux principaux systemes de datation, qui sont resumes et analyses. Des chapitres specifiques concernent les scribes mentionnes dans les tombes, les archives, les lettres, les decrets royaux, les sceaux, les graffiti. Une attention particuliere est reservee aux scenes dans lesquelles apparaissent les scribes, et aux differents titres les accompagnant dans leurs activites disparates. 220 titres de scribe differents ont ete repertories du debut de l'histoire egyptienne jusqu'a la fin de la vie dynastie, en tenant compte des differents grades. Leur etude est accompagne de tableaux recapitulatifs et d'une liste ou sont indiques , pour chacun, la periode presumee d'apparition, les sites ou il est atteste et le nombre d'attestations connues a ce jour. Jusqu'a la 3e dynastie, les personnages portant le simple titre de scribe revetaient des fonctions variees dans les differents secteurs de l'administration. En revanche, a partir de la 4e dynastie, chaque branche de l'administration fait appel a des scribes specialises, qui montreront des titres de plus en plus diversifies. Les hierarchies des titres de scribe ont ete etablies a l'interieur de chaque departement administratif, comme les bureaux centraux du vizir, le grenier, le tresor. La these se conclut avec des index croises. Le depouillement des sources a permis de mettre en evidence des activites paralleles exerces par les scribes: d'une part la redaction des ecrits et l'enregistrement des donnees, d'autre part la gestion du personnelThesis devoted to the egyptian scribes of the early dynastic period and of the old kingdom, especially in the memphite necropolis. Documents are presented in about one thousand files, containing descriptive and prosopographical informations, as well as a detailed commentary and the discussion of the date of the object. A preliminary chapter is devoted to the problem of dating the old kingdom tombs and to the different systems used, which are also presented in every file. Specific chapters are devoted to scribes cited in tombs, archives, letters, royal decrees, seals and graffiti. Scenes showing scribes at work are furthermore studied, along with the titles accompanying their several activities. 220 different titles of scribe are listed, considering the various ranks, from the beginning of the egyptian history to the end of the sixth dynasty. Their study is accompanied by recapitulatory schedules and by a list where, for each title, is indicated the presumed period of apparition, the sites where it is attested and the number of attestations known. Till the iiird dynasty, officials showing the simple title of scribe were engaged in the different branchs of the administration. On the contrary, from the ivth dynasty onwards, in every administrative department worked specialized scribes, bearing a variety of compound titles. The hierarchies of the scribal titles in every department, like central offices, granary, treasury, etc. , are dressed in the final chapter. The thesis is closed by crossed indexes. The study of sources led to the discovery of parallel activities of scribes: on one side the drawing up of texts and the recording of data, on the other the organization of people
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Parker, Heather Dana Davis. "Scribal education in iron age Israel." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2005. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p062-0270.
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Johansson, Karl G. "Studier i Codex Wormianus : skrifttradition och avskriftsverksamhet vid ett isländskt skriptorium under 1300-talet /." Göteborg : Univ, 1997. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb367021574.
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Ragazzoli, Chloé. "Les Artisans du texte. La culture de scribe en Égypte ancienne d’après les sources du Nouvel Empire." Thesis, Paris 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA040171.
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Au Nouvel Empire (1539-1075 av. J.-C.), les scribes – « ceux qui écrivent » en égyptien – prennent le devant de la scène dans les sources littéraires. Ils construisent et promeuvent une image d’eux-mêmes, qui révèle l’existence d’une communauté et d’un « monde social » (A. Strauss), fondés non pas sur la classe mais sur l’appartenance à une profession. Parmi les textes consacrés au métier de scribe, les florilèges appelés « miscellanées » ou « Enseignement par lettres » constituent une sorte de vademecum de la production écrite de l’époque, qui accompagne le scribe dans sa carrière et jusque dans sa tombe. Ils fonctionnent comme des véritables machines à produire d’autres textes, quand les deux autres types d’enseignements de l’époque, « l’Enseignement pour délier l’esprit » (les onomastica) et les « Enseignements par exemples » (les sagesses) portent respectivement sur le savoir théorique et le savoir pratique. Les scribes braconnent dans les modes d’expression du sommet de la société pour développer leur code de valeurs, qui repose sur l’éducation, les compétences au travail et leur rôle de transmetteurs (et non pas de créateurs). Des structures sociales fondées sur les relations professionnelles plutôt que familiales sont mises en avant. L’émergence d’une telle conscience communautaire se fait dans les termes des mutations idéologiques en cours. Une place plus grande est accordée à l’individu dans la société en mettant de côté les autorités traditionnelles au profit d’une divinité personnelle toute puissante. Les scribes peuvent ainsi faire de l’écriture une pratique de piété placée sous l’égide de Thot – les écrits leur survivront après la mort et assureront leur postérité. Chaque manuscrit devient un possible monument funéraire à travers le colophon. Les scribes réinvestissent en outre les tombes traditionnelles qu’ils visitent, en y laissant, sous la forme de graffiti, des textes commémoratifs à leur bénéfice mais aussi des offrandes littéraires.Cette promotion du mot écrit par rapport au discours trouve un écho dans les biographies monumentales des très hauts dignitaires et témoigne d’une diffusion des idéaux lettrés à l’époqueIn the New Kingdom (c. 1539-1075 BC) scribes – ‘those who write in Egyptian’ – took a prominent role in literary texts. There they constructed and promoted a self-image, framing themselves as the members of a specific ‘social world’ defined by their profession rather than belonging to a social class.This period corresponds to the flourishing of sources dedicated to the scribal trade, especially the Late Egyptian Miscellanies aka ‘Teaching by letters’. These collections of small texts were scribal tools and a vademecum of the textual production of the time. Kept by the scribe throughout his career and accompanying him to his tomb, they were a device for producing other texts, while the two other types of teaching, ‘Teaching to clear the mind’ (onomastica) and ‘Teaching from examples’ (wisdom texts) dealt respectively with theoretical and practical knowledge.Scribes borrowed phraseology from the top-elite to develop their own code of values, which was based on education, craftsmanship and personal skills. Social structures dependent on professional relationships rather than family were promoted. The development of such a community feeling reflected changes of ideology in progress at the time. A new position was granted to the individual in society through the shift of allegiance from traditional authorities to a personal, almighty god. Thus scribes could turn writing into a pious practice under the aegis of Thot – texts and copies would survive them and grant them posterity. Each manuscript became a potential funerary monument through colophons and signatures. Furthermore, scribes used the decorum of traditional tombs where they left prayers and commemorations as graffiti to their own benefit along with literary offerings. This promotion of the written word over the spoken one is echoed in monumental biographies of the top-elite and bears witness to the diffusion of learned values during this period
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Dalix, Anne-Sophie. "Llumilku, scribe d'Ougarit au XIIIe siècle avant J. -C." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040018.
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Le but de cette thèse était de démontrer qu'à la lumière des dernières découvertes sur le site d'Ougarit, les textes épiques et mythologiques portant la signature du scribe llumilku était à dater du XIIIe siècle avant j. -c. , et non pas du XIVe siècle avant j. -c. , comme le pensaient les premiers fouilleurs. La démonstration s'est appuyée tant sur l'archéologie que sur l'épigraphie. Du point de vue archéologique, nous avons réexaminé le contexte dont étaient issues les tablettes "signées ». Du point de vue épigraphique, nous avons suivi la carrière de cet llumilku, seul scribe dont ces textes alphabétiques ont gardé la signature. Ces derniers présentant des caractéristiques paléographiques communes ont permis d'identifier sur d'autres tablettes anonymes la main de ce scribe et de retrouver la signature de ce dernier sur d'autres tablettes en langue akkadienne. Bref, cette étude est la première qui tente de retracer la carrière d'un scribe digraphe et bilingue. Simple scribe sous Ammistamru II (1250-1230), llumilku est promu aux plus hautes fonctions culturelles sous Niqmaddu III (1230-1215)The purpose of the thesis was to demonstrate that the XIIIth century b. C. Is the datation of the epic and mythological texts who bear a colophon of the scribe llumilku and not the XIVth century b. C. The demonstration was relied on the archaeology and on the epigraphy. We had reexamined the archaeological context of the houses where had been discovered the "signed" tablets. With the epigraphy followed we the profession of this scribe llumilku. He is the alone scribe to sign with a colophon most of epic and mythological texts what he copied or written. This texts show same paleographical caracteristics. So it was enable to identify others anonymous tablets of the scribe by comparaison. We found too the signature of llumilku on the akkadian tablets. This study is the first one in which we tried to retrace the profession of the profession of a scribe who was digraphic and bilingual : simple scribe under ammistamru II (1250-1230), he was advanced to the cultural and administrative duties under niqmaddu III (1230-1215)
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Naylor, Pat. "Artists, scribes and patrons : The enlargement and embellishment of two percy family manuscripts in the Early Sixteenth century." Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511348.
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Masters, Bernadette A. "Esthétique et manuscripture : le "moulin à paroles" au Moyen-âge /." Heidelberg : C. Winter, 1992. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb366677483.
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Ramos, Érika Rodrigues de Maynart. "Os escribas e a cultura mnemônica: status e intermediação de práticas culturais no reino médio egípcio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-14022019-102720/.
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Durante o Reino Médio (c. 2040 1650 a.C), os escribas se autorreferenciaram como um grupo que não servia apenas aos interesses administrativos, mas também à demanda por um meio culto e educado da sociedade. Através deles, circulariam a propaganda real e doutrinação peculiares ao programa cultural daquele período para garantir a lealdade aos faraós. Entretanto, esse foi só mais um dos muitos aspectos e usos da literatura naquele contexto. O enaltecimento da realeza foi combinado ao caráter moralizador e à autorreferência do ofício dos escribas que compuseram os textos exortativos. Conhecidos como instruções, os textos literários em questão traziam referências da cultura oral egípcia que afirmava valores considerados positivos para a vida em sociedade e para o bom desenvolvimento do indivíduo. Mas também tratavam das tensões vividas em questões políticas e socioculturais. A escritura dos textos disseminou na memória cultural da sociedade egípcia referenciais identitários dos escribas que foram transmitidos através de gerações. A articulação entre manutenção das tradições da sociedade e a disseminação dos novos ideais régios se deu pela agência dos escribas, contribuindo para a atualização do seu status.During the Middle Kingdom (ca. 2040 - 1650 B.C.), scribes self-referenced as a group serving not only administrative interests, but also the demand for a cultured and educated group of the society. Through them, they would circulate the royal propaganda and indoctrination peculiar to the periods cultural program in order to ensure loyalty to the pharaohs. However, this was just one of many aspects and uses of literature in that context. The uplifting of royalty was combined with the moral character and self-reference to the craft of the scribes that composed the exhortative texts. Known as instructions, the literary texts in question broght references to the Egyptian oral culture which affirmed values considered positive for life in society and for the individuals good development. But they also dealt with the tensions experienced in political and socio-cultural issues. The writing of the texts disseminated in the cultural memory of Egyptian society the identity references of the scribes that were transmitted through generations. The articulation between maintaining the traditions of society and the dissemination of the new royal ideals were given through the agency of the scribes, contributing to the update of their status.
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Schulte, Claudia. "Die Grammateis von Ephesos : Schreiberamt und Sozialstruktur in einer Provinzhauptstadt des römischen Kaiserreiches /." Stuttgart : F. Steiner, 1994. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb35647382m.
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Rock, Catherine A. "Romances Copied by the Ludlow Scribe: Purgatoire Saint Patrice, Short Metrical Chronicle, Fouke le Fitz Waryn, and King Horn." [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1207073118.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Kent State University, 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 29, 2008). Advisor: Susanna Fein. Keywords: British Library; manuscripts; scribal studies; manuscript studies. Includes bibliographical references.
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Rebiger, Bill. "Himmelfarb, M., Between Temple and Torah. Essays on Priests, Scribes, and Visionaries in the Second Temple Period and Beyond / rezensiert von Bill Rebiger." Universität Potsdam, 2014. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2014/7171/.
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Rezensiertes Werk: Himmelfarb, M.: Between Temple and Torah. Essays on Priests, Scribes, and Visionaries in the Second Temple Period and Beyond (= Texte und Studien zum antiken Judentum, Bd. 151). - Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck 2013. XII, 399 S., 129 €. ISBN 978-3-16-151041-0
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Renault, Jean-Baptiste. "L'écrit diplomatique à Saint-Victor de Marseille et en Provence (ca. 950 - ca. 1120)." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013STRAG037.
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Articulant la question de l’existence d’une « région diplomatique », espace culturel saisi à travers les pratiques de l’écrit documentaire, avec celle de l’émergence de centres d’écriture, cette enquête met en évidence dans la Provence des Xe et XIe siècles, une affirmation progressive et contrastée des institutions ecclésiastiques dans l’écrit diplomatique. Par la circulation des modèles et des hommes, la Provence occidentale avait constitué, entre 950 et 1010 environ, un réseau partageant des pratiques communes. Le début du XIe siècle a vu une rupture par le déclin rapide de la diplomatique entre particuliers et la disparition des scribes à la clientèle multiple actifs dans les cités. Contrôlant davantage la rédaction des actes dans la première moitié du XIe siècle, les centres d’écritures n’ont pas infléchi le formulaire de la même manière. Développant une diplomatique profondément originale, Saint-Victor de Marseille a été le monastère le plus enclin à recourir à des formes ornées, par la rhétorique des préambules et les discours pastoraux qui valorisaient l’aumône des aristocrates. Au milieu du XIe siècle, une seconde rupture apparaît à Saint-Victor, par un abandon des formes maison au profit d’un formulaire simplifié. Cette forte propension victorine à décider du profil des actes apparaît comme une attention à la valeur de média de l’acte, par ailleurs tangible par les utilisations des archives et leur valorisation par le classement et la compilation du grand cartulaireBy the articulation of two main issues, i. e. the existence of a "diplomatic area" understood as a cultural space delimited through the practices of document writing, and the development of centers of writing, this study highlights the increasingly importance and contrasting influence of the ecclesiastical institutions on the diplomatic writing in Provence in the 10th and 11th centuries. The circulation of men and formulaic patterns made of western Provence, from about 950 to 1010, a network that allowed the spreading of common practices. In the early 11th century, one sees a break in this evolution as a consequence of the rapid decline of the use of diplomatics for private interactions and the disappearance of scribes who used to have a large clientele in the cities. Thanks to a better managing of the writing of documents in the first half of the 11th century, the scriptoria have not modified in the same way the formulaic patterns. The scribes of the abbey of Saint-Victor of Marseilles developed a highly original diplomatic practice based on stylistic and rhetorical devices, which are reflected in the preambles and the pastoral references praising the alms of aristocratic families. A second break with the traditions occurred at Saint-Victor in the middle of the 11th century, when the home-made formulas were replaced by simplified ones. The care Saint-Victor took of the appearance of the documents shows a special concern for the media feature of the document, which is also apparent in the use of archives and their valorization through the classification of charters and the compilation of a large cartulary
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Panarut, Peera [Verfasser], and Volker [Akademischer Betreuer] Grabowsky. "Ayutthaya Literature in the Hands of Bangkok Scribes and Scholars : Paratexts and Transmission History of Ayutthaya Literature in the Bangkok Period / Peera Panarut ; Betreuer: Volker Grabowsky." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202113168/34.
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[Verfasser], Peera Panarut, and Volker [Akademischer Betreuer] Grabowsky. "Ayutthaya Literature in the Hands of Bangkok Scribes and Scholars : Paratexts and Transmission History of Ayutthaya Literature in the Bangkok Period / Peera Panarut ; Betreuer: Volker Grabowsky." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-102012.
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Loffet, Henri-Charles. "Les scribes comptables, les mesureurs de cereales et de fruits, les metreurs-arpenteurs et les peseurs de l'egypte ancienne. (de l'epoque thinite a la xxie dynastie)." Paris, EPHE, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997EPHE4041.
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Le but de cette etude a ete d'eclairer l'activite de comptabilite, de mesure de cereales, d'arpentage et de pesee des scribes de l'egypte ancienne depuis l'epoque thinite jusqu'a la fin de la xxe dynastie. C'est ainsi que nous avons pu delimiter les periodes d'activite de chacune des fonctions envisagees grace a l'attestation des documents ecrits: papyri, steles, statues, monuments divers, etc. . . Genere par le scribe classique, le comptable est issu de deux milieux differents: etatique et agricole. Il n'apparait dans la societe egyptienne qu'a la fin de la vie dynastie. Le titre de directeur du bureau comptable n'apparait qu'a la xie dynastie; le titre de scribe-comptable n'est fixe qu'a la xiie dynastie. Dans la premiere moitie de la xviiie dynastie, la fonction va prendre des proportions non encore atteintes pour decliner a partir de la fin du regne de ramses iii, puis sommeiller des la xxie dynastie. Attache a l'administration du tresor ou des temples durant toute l'histoire pharaonique, le peseur est atteste des l'epoque thinite. Le prepose a la balance n'intervient qu'a partir de la xviiie dynastie. Ces peseurs n'ont jamais prete leur balance pour evaluer les poids de cereales ou de fruits. Le mesureur de cereales et de fruits est formellement atteste des la ive dynastie. A la fin du nouvel empire, il est toujours en activite. C'est dire son importance economique tout au long de l'histoire pharaonique. Quant au metreur-arpenteur, mentionne des les textes des pyramides, il n'apparait qu'a la xiie dynastie. Le nouvel empire nous le montre a son travail d'arpentage des champs, au replacement des bornes delimitant chaque parcelle cultivee ou bien, fixe dans la statuaire, presentant la corde d'arpenteur comme un gage de sa fonction. Celui-ci ne doit pas etre confondu avec le mesureur de cereales et de fruits car, s'il y a homophonie dans leur designation, le determinatif des lexemes est different afin de bien distinguer les deux professions l'une de l'autreThe goal of this study is to clarify the activity of scribes in the domaines of accounting, grain measuring and surveying and weighing in ancient egypt from the thinite era until the end of the xxi dynasty. These indications have enabled to determine the periods of activity of each one of these fonctions attested to by written documents: papyruses, stelae, statues, various monuments, etc. . . Generated by the classic scribe, the accountant stems from two different spheres: state and agricultural. He appears in egyptian society only towards the end of the vith dynasty. The title of director of accounts appears during the xith dynasty; the title of scribe-accountant is found during the xiith dynasty. In the first half of the xviiith dynasty the function takes on proportions not yet attained only to decline at the end of the reign of ramses iii, then lie dormant as of the xxi dynasty. Attached to the administration of the treasury or the temples during the whole pharaonical age, the weigher is found as early as the thinite era. The scale attendant only intervenes as of the xviiith dynasty. These weighers never loaned their scales to evaluate the weight of grains or fruits. The measurer of grains and fruits is formally certified as of the ivth dynasty. At the end of the new empire he is still active showing his economic importance during the whole pharaonical age. As for the land-measurer already mentioned in the book of pyramides, he appears only as of the xiith dynasty. The new empire shows him at his work surveying fields, replacing the boundary stones for each cultivated parcel or else, standing in the statuary, presenting the surveyor's rope as proof of his occupation. He must not be confused with the measurer of grains and fruits as, although they may seem similar in their designation, the determination of the lexemes is different in order to distinguish between the two different professions
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Ólafsson, Davíð. "Wordmongers : post-medieval scribal culture and the case of Sighvatur Grímsson." Thesis, St Andrews, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/770.
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Guérin, Samuel. "Le scribe royal de la Tombe Boutéhamon et l'Ère de la Renaissance." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON30072.
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Le scribe royal de la Tombe Boutéhamon est un personnage thébain de première importance dont les témoignages couvrent les dernières années de la XXe dynastie et les premières de la Troisième Période intermédiaire (de Ramsès XI à Smendès Ier). Fils du scribe de la Tombe Djéhoutymès, Boutéhamon est mentionné dans de nombreuses sources épigraphiques (lettres, graffiti et dipinti de la nécropole thébaine, ostraca, phylactère, étiquette de momie) et archéologiques (vestiges architecturaux à Médinet Habou, sarcophages dispersés, mention possible de son inhumation à Deir el-Medineh). L’examen de cette documentation permet, d’une part, de restituer la carrière de ce haut fonctionnaire dans son temps. D’autre part, elle sert à exprimer de nouveau la chronologie incertaine des règnes des pharaons concernés ainsi que la période dite de « la Renaissance »The royal scribe of the Tomb Butehamun is an outstanding Theban character, evidence for whom spans the last years of the 20th dynasty and the first years of the Third Intermediate Period (from Rameses XI to Smendes I). Butehamun was the son of the scribe of the Tomb Djehutymes. He is mentioned in numerous epigraphic (letters, graffiti and dipinti from the Theban necropolis, ostraca, phylactery, mummy label) and archaeological sources (architectural remains at Medinet Habu, dispersed coffins, a possible reference to his burial at Deir el-Medineh). Close examination of this body of documents allows reconstructing the career of this high ranking civil servant within his own time. Furthermore, it serves the reassessment of the uncertain chronology of the relevant pharaohs’ reigns and of the period known as “the Renaissance”
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Rowell, Carolyn. "Scribe rule." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ59250.pdf.
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Ebojo, Edgar Battad. "A scribe and his manuscript : an investigation into the scribal habits of papyrus 46 (p. Chester Beatty ii – p. Mich. Inv. 6238)." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2014. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/4838/.
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This thesis is an investigation into the scribal habits of Papyrus 46, attempting to enrich further the information database about the sociology of ancient book production and to explore how these habits might have affected the transmission of the texts of the New Testament in general and the corpus Paulinum in particular. Given this end, this thesis challenges the traditional methods of locating the “scribal habits” of a particular manuscript, specifically methods that are text-focused. Crucial to developing a viable methodology is articulating how the conceptual category of “scribal habits” is to be understood before we can sufficiently isolate them. Using an integrative approach (i.e., the composite employment of papyrology, codicology, palaeography, and textual criticism), this thesis proposes that “scribal habits” are to be found in everything that a particular scribe recurrently did and did not do in the manuscript, encompassing all the stages of its production and its eventual use. In regard to papyrus 46, this thesis finds the scribe in the same league with other ancient scribes as well as idiosyncratic in the ways he used his codex, copied the text of his exemplar, and employed existing systems and devices practised within the scribal profession. These scribal characteristics emphasise the “human” face of textual transmission of a “divine” book.
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Tsao, Heng-Jui. "Personal Software Process (PSP) Scriber." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2140.
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Personal Software Process (PSP) Scriber is a Web-based software engineering tool designed to implement an automatic system for performing PSP. The basis of this strategy is a set of tools to facilitate collection and analysis of development data. By analyzing the collected data, the developer can make informed, accurate decisions about their individual development effort.
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Payne, Robin John. "An edition of the 'Conduct of Life' based on the six extant manuscripts with full commentary, complementary critical and codicological analysis, notes and introduction." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/283562.
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The Conduct of Life, also known as the Poema Morale, is a verse-sermon that has been largely ignored by literary histories, and despite the longevity of its textual tradition its various texts have never been the subject of extended study. This dissertation brings together the seven manuscript versions of the text, which date from the end of the twelfth to the end of the thirteenth centuries, and re-examines them individually and as a cohort exhibiting variance. It therefore offers a revealing indicator of how continuity and change actually operated through the interaction between preceding tradition and scribes and audiences. This is achieved through a three-fold analysis of the verse sermon which highlights the fluidity of the manuscript culture during this period and the willingness of scribes to adapt texts to suit new purposes, to create differences due to dialect and comprehension, or copy variants from a now lost exemplar. First, an edition of the text, based on the version found in Cambridge, Trinity College MS B. 14. 52, folios 2r-9v , explores, through the accompanying notes, the themes, style and phraseology which not only reflect the influence of earlier English literary and hortatory texts but also represent a living tradition which found popularity within diverse writing and social environments. Secondly, a diplomatic edition of each text is presented, preceded by an introduction to the text, grammar and dialect, with full codicological and palaeographic notes. Finally, a parallel text edition bears witness to the copying and reshaping of the text throughout its history. It is accompanied by extensive linguistic notes which highlight the adaptation and textual variance between each version of the Conduct of Life. Each new variant has not only been read in relation to the other versions of the same work but also in relation to the manuscript context it newly occupies as a result of its transmission. Each copy reshapes the material within an established structure of rhythm and metre and, therefore, the dissertation concludes that the sermon is recreated as a series of individual texts, which might be individually analysed, because each is different, particularly within their specific physical and historical moments. This fluidity or mouvance suggests for the Conduct of Life and, for that matter, the texts that preceded it in the historical narrative of the twelfth century that there is no authentic text; that the instability of the manuscript 'tradition' moves from manuscript to manuscript.
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Lear, Sheree. "Scribal composition : Malachi as a test-case." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6341.
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The Hebrew Bible is the product of scribes. Whether copying, editing, conflating, adapting, or authoring, these ancient professionals were responsible for the various text designs, constructions and text-types that we have today. This thesis seeks to investigate the many practices employed by ancient scribes in literary production, or, more aptly, scribal composition. An investigation of scribal composition must incorporate inquiry into both synchronic and diachronic aspects of a text; a synchronic viewpoint can clarify diachronic features of the text and a diachronic viewpoint can clarify synchronic features of the text. To understand the text as the product of scribal composition requires recognition that the ancient scribe had a communicative goal when he engaged in the different forms of scribal composition (e.g. authoring, redacting, etc.). This communicative goal was reached through the scribal composer's implementation of various literary techniques. By tracing the reception of a text, it is possible to demonstrate when a scribal composer successfully reached his communicative goal. Using Malachi as a test-case, three autonomous yet complementary chapters will illustrate how investigating the text as the product of scribal composition can yield new and important insights. Chapter 2: Mal 2.10-16 focuses on a particularly difficult portion of Malachi (2.10-16), noting patterns amongst the texts reused in the pericope. These patterns give information about the ancient scribe's view of scripture and about his communicative goal. Chapter 3: Wordplay surveys Malachi for different types of the wordplay. The chapter demonstrates how a poetic feature such as wordplay, generally treated as a synchronic element, can also have diachronic implications. Chapter 4: Phinehas, he is Elijah investigates the reception of Malachi as a finished text. By tracing backwards a tradition found throughout later Jewish literature, it is evident that the literary techniques employed by the composer made his text successfully communicative.
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Guez, Jonathan. "Schubert's Recapitulation Scripts." Thesis, Yale University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3663491.
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In recent years, much energy has been expended theorizing and analyzing eighteenth- and nineteenth-century musical forms. Despite meaningful differences in alignment, studies of sonata-like structures tend to share at least one feature in common: they devote the least amount of time to recapitulations (and reprises), preferring to focus instead on 1) the thematic similarity of these to the referential exposition, and 2) the "obligatory" tonal alterations housed therein. The current study seeks to redress this lack of attention by painting a more complete picture of the complexities of recapitulatory practice. By examining in close detail the tonal and thematic alterations that occur in recapitulations it seeks to instate the recapitulation as a subject of inquiry and to articulate a set of regulative principles for its treatment in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries.
The study's driving thesis is that formal alterations made in a sonata's recapitulation impact its narrative, generic, and art-historical content. Through their subtle transformations of presented temporality, recapitulatory alterations influence a movement's narrative by staging its cadential goal-points as "too early" or "too late." They correlate with generic classification to the extent that musical genres may have been associated in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries with certain patterns of recapitulatory alterations. (The buffa overture, for instance, is known for making recapitulatory deletions.) And they bear on our understanding of art history since, by pointing to a new aspect of compositional praxis, they lead to new discussions of instruction, influence, and conscious modelings.
In defense of these claims, this study systematizes the types of tonal and thematic alterations that composers around the turn of the nineteenth century used. Part I (Chapter 1) lays out the issues in a small, controlled, and in many ways familiar context. Its central conceit is that composers of instrumental forms that feature "built-in" repeats—such as sonata and rounded binary forms—make recapitulatory alterations in the same ways as do poets who work in textual forms with refrains, and often to the same dramatic ends. By performing close readings of three poetic texts by Goethe and Müller, as well as Schubert's musical settings of them, I show how the types of interpretive claims that can be made in the poetic realm can be imported into the abstract instrumental one.
Once the main argument for moving from the texted to the abstract instrumental realm is laid out, Part II (Chapters 2-5) systematically confronts the possibilities for making recapitulatory alterations in instrumental music. Chapter 2 houses a short methodological introduction and lays the groundwork for the division of recapitulations into three categories based on the number of "time-alterations" they contain. Category 1 recapitulations are exactly the same size, but not always the same shape, as their referential expositions. Category 2 recapitulations make one thematic alteration that, by adding or deleting some number of measures, "takes time." Category 3 recapitulations make more than one of these "time-alterations." Chapters 3 through 5 theorize the three categories of recapitulation, one chapter per category. They are concerned both with the "technical-formal" deployments of alteration strategies and the narrative or hermeneutic scenarios these suggest. Central to my enterprise is the conviction that recapitulation strategies are suggestive of particular narratives.
Part III (Chapter 6) builds upon the taxonomy to show directions for further research. It is an investigation into one peculiar formal structure for which Schubert had a penchant, and to which he developed an individualized response. Analysis of a handful of late finales shows that Schubert often approached certain sonata-form structures—in this case what Sonata Theory calls the "expanded Type 1 sonata"—with a particular recapitulation script in mind. Analysis of his Overture im Italienischen Stil, D. 590, shows precedents for the approach and raises questions about genre, provenance, aesthetics, and compositional instruction.
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Wood, George. "Finding Butehamun : Scribe of Deir el-Medina." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för arkeologi och antik historia, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-295604.
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Butehamun was one of the most famous scribes involved in the building of the royal tombs of the Valley of the Kings, and a member of the most illustrious family of scribes there. Butehamun presided over the closure of the Valley and the workers’ village of Deir elMedina, and the move from building new tombs to the preserving and moving (some would say plundering) of the mummies left behind, marking the transition from the New Kingdom to the Third Intermediate Period, as Egypt splintered into what were essentially two realms. By studying the primary sources associated with Butehamun, including letters, reburial ‘dockets’, graffiti, the apparently unique decorations on Butehamun’s coffin, and the finds at his excavated house in Medinet Habu, this paper investigates what can be learned about Butehamun and the reburial project. Some of the sources seem to indicate he experienced some kind of religious crisis, which may have been brought on by feelings of guilt over his treatment of the royal mummies, two of whom were worshipped as gods in Deir el-Medina.Butehamon var en av de mest kända av de skrivare som deltog i byggandet av de kungliga gravarna i Konungarnas dal. Han tillhörde en av de mest framstående skrivaresläkterna där. Butehamon övervakade stängningen av dalen och arbetarnas by Deir el-Medinah. Det var han som ansvarade för arbetet när man övergick från att bygga nya gravar till att flytta (vissa skulle säga plundra) de mumier som lämnades kvar till nya förvaringsplatser. Detta skede markerar övergången från det Nya Riket till den Tredje Mellanperioden, då Egypten sönderföll i två separata stater. Genom att studera de primära källor som rör Butehamon, bland annat brev, etiketter på mumier, graffiti, bilder och de högst ovanliga dekorationerna på Butehamons kista samt fynd från utgrävningarna av hans hus i Medinet Habu, undersöker denna uppsats vad man kan lära sig om Butehamon och projektet att flytta mumierna. Några av dessa källor tycks tyda på att han upplevde någon form av religiös kris, som kan ha utlösts av på skuldkänslor över hur han lät behandla de kungliga mumierna. Två av dessa kungligheter dyrkades som gudar i Deir el-Medinah och bilder på dem och delar av deras familj återfinns på Butehamons egen kista.
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Yon, Jean-Claude. "Eugène Scribe : La fortune et la liberté." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010506.
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Cette thèse retrace la vie et la carrière de l'écrivain Eugène Scribe (1791-1861 qui, grâce à une œuvre riche de 425 pièces, fut l'auteur dramatique du 19eme siècle le plus joué en France et en Europe. Le dépouillement des papiers privés de scribe - en particulier une correspondance de 2500 lettres - complète par celui d'autres sources d'archives et de sources imprimées a permis d'écrire une biographie très précise (origines, mode de vie, réseaux amicaux, etc). On a insisté sur la fortune de scribe, ce dernier jouant un rôle déterminant dans l'histoire de la propriété littéraire. L'étude de la réception de son œuvre - qui véhicule des valeurs bourgeoises - a montré qu'elle témoigne, autant que le répertoire romantique, d'un effort d'adaptation de la littérature dramatique à la nouvelle société née de la révolution. Par le fait qu'il était joué sur les scènes officielles (la Comédie-Française, l’opéra) aussi bien que dans les théâtres secondaires (le gymnase, crée pour son répertoire) et parce qu'il obtenait un égal succès dans quatres genres distincts (la comédie, le vaudeville, l’opéra, l'opéra-comique), scribe mit en évidence la caducité de la hiérarchie des théâtres et des genres sur laquelle reposait le système des privilèges invente par Louis XIV et rétabli par Napoléon 1er. Il prépara la liberté des théâtres décrétées en 1864. La thèse est complétée par d'importances annexes : une chronologie de nombreux tableaux sur l'œuvre et la fortune de scribe, une iconographie, des textes, un dictionnaire biographique comprenant 230 notices, le journal intime de scribe, inédit, reproduit in extenso, etc. Cette étude consacrée à un notable du monde des théâtres veut donc être, plus qu'une biographie, une contribution à la connaissance de la vie culturelle et sociale du 19eme siècle français et européenThis dissertation recounts the life and career of Eugène Scribe (1791-1861), the french author whose 425 plays were the most performed of any in 19th century France and Europe. The examination of scribe's private papers, in particular his correspondence of 2500 letters as well as other archival and published sources, enabled the writting of a precise biography (family origins, way of life, friendships). The author emphazises scribe's wealth as he played a decisive role in the history of literary property. The study of the reception of his work which incorporates bourgeois values testifies to the fact that scribe's production as much as the romantic repertoire tried to adapte dramatic literature to the new society born out of the french revolution. As a result of the fact that it was shown in official theaters like the comedie-francaise and the opera and in secondary theaters like the gymnase (created for his repertoire), in addition to his success in four distinct genres (comedy, vaudeville, opera and comic opera), scribe revealed the crumbling hierarchy of theaters and genres supported the system of privileges invented by louis xiv and restored by napoleon. He was a precursor to the freeing of the theaters decreed in 1864. This dissertation includes substantial appendices : a chronology, numerous illustrations of Scribe's work and fortune an iconography, texts, a biographical dictionary of 230 entries, scribe's personal journal, hitherto unknown (reproduced in its entirety, etc. This study of a famous figure of the theater world transcends a mere biography : its represents a contribution to the knowledge of 19th century france and europe
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Marchetti, Federico. "“Scribal behaviour” e “scribal habits”: un problema metodologico. Fenomenologia dei codices descripti." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667210.
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Mi tesis doctoral pretende ilustrar los datos surgidos del estudio de los codices descripti en la tradición manuscrita de la comedia de Dante. Desde hace varios años, en diversos campos de investigación (filología genealógica y reconstructiva, New Philology, filología bíblica y del Nuevo Testamento), se estudian los manuscritos individuales con el objetivo de profundizar en el papel de sus copistas. El presente trabajo forma parte también de esta línea de investigación: de hecho, la tesis trata de investigar las habilidades promedio de un copista del siglo catorce, y a la postre proporcionar una herramienta diagnóstico útil para la identificación de los codices descripti.
En una primera parte, propondré una revisión de las contribuciones particularmente significativas que tienen como objeto la investigación del comportamiento de los escribas en la Antigüedad tardía y en el Edad Media.
En una segunda sección, en cambio, estudiaré cinco pares de manuscritos, vinculados por una relación de descendencia directa. Para cada apógrafo procederé con la demostración de la descriptio, basada en criterios internos (textuales) y externos (pistas materiales de naturaleza codicológica-paleográfica). Se hará la collatio de los descripti gracias a/ a través de una muestra de 1625vv (que corresponde aproximadamente al 11,4% de las 14233 líneas que conforman el poema de Dante). La muestra textual consiste – con ajustes mínimos, debido a lo incompleto de algunos testimonios – de los cantos III, X, XIV y XV de cada cántica. Las variantes analizadas se dividirán en categorías y subcategorías. Por lo tanto, las encuestas realizadas servirán para extrapolar datos estadísticos, útiles para investigar la fenomenología de la copia manuscrita.
En conclusión, intentaré ver si y cómo el análisis de los descripti puede permitir alguna consideración general sobre los hábitos de los escribas.In recent years, in various research fields (genealogical-reconstructive philology, New Philology, biblical and New Testament philology), many studies have focused on single manuscripts, aiming to detect their scribal habits. My study falls within this framework: the thesis sets out to investigate the average skills of a fourteenth-fifteenth century scribe and to provide a diagnostic tool for determining if a codex in exam is a descriptus (which could be useful for scholars who are engaged in editing Medieval poetic texts, or in the stemmatic reordering of other manuscript traditions). Compared to previous contributions, the present study follows a different method: In my researches, I rely on the precise comparison between five codices descripti of Dante’s Comedy and their respective exemplars, availing myself of the devices developed by neolachmannian philology. I have approached this subject for the first time in 2015, with a short contribution published in the journal «Filologia italiana». In my essay I tried to prove the descriptio of the codex Imola, Biblioteca Comunale, ms. 31, acknowledged to be the direct copy of another northern witness of the Divine Comedy, Bologna, Biblioteca Universitaria, ms. 589. From here, I chose to embark on a broader research project, with the aim of finding and collating other pairs of manuscripts, characterized by a direct descendant relationship. My PhD thesis can be included within a larger body of work carried out by professor Paolo Trovato’s research group, aimed at a stemmatic rearrangement of the non-fragmentary manuscript tradition of the Divine Comedy. In this perspective, in the preliminary stages of my studies I had the opportunity to take advantage of the collation matrix adopted by the team. As one can easily imagine, the thesis is divided into two separate sections. In the first part, I shall propose an in-depth review of several studies investigating scribal habits in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, coming from philological schools which position themselves very far apart from each other. In this first section I will not only illustrate the state of art; I will also compare different methodological approaches, evaluating their degree of reliability. In the second section I shall illustrate some of the data that emerged from the comparison between five exemplar-descriptus pairs in the manuscript tradition of the Comedy. The five pairs of codices have been collated on a sample of 1625 verses (equivalent to 11,4% of the 14233 verses which form Dante’s poem). This textual portion – with minor adjustments, due to the lacunosity of some of the witnesses – comprises cantos III, X, XIV and XV of each cantica; more specifically, 493 have been scrutinized for the Inferno, 567 for the Purgatorio, and 565 for the Paradiso. I tried to demonstrate the direct derivation of every supposes codex descriptus relying both on internal criteria (that is, textual features) and external criteria (physical evidence supporting the descriptio); in other words, I tried to undertake, alongside a manual-like eliminatio codicum descriptorum, a meticulous research of what Michael Reeve calls codicological evidence. As far as the textual element is concerned, I drew up a rigorous classification of innovations and variant readings, aiming to both prove the descriptio with reasonable certainty and to investigate the phenomenology of error in manuscript copies.
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MARCHETTI, Federico. ""Scribal behaviour" e "scribal habits": un problema metodologico. Fenomenologia dei codices descripti." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2488272.
Full textAbstract:
La mia tesi dottorale si propone di illustrare i dati emersi dallo studio dei codices descripti nella tradizione manoscritta della Commedia di Dante. Da alcuni anni, in vari campi di ricerca (filologia genealogico-ricostruttiva, New Philology, filologia biblica e neotestamentaria), si studiano singoli manoscritti con lo scopo di approfondire il ruolo dei loro copisti. Anche il presente lavoro rientra in questo filone di ricerca: la tesi si propone infatti di indagare le capacità medie di un copista trecentesco, con lo scopo ultimo di fornire uno strumento diagnostico utile all’individuazione dei codices descripti.
In una prima parte, proporrò una rassegna di contributi particolarmente significativi che hanno come oggetto l’indagine degli scribal behaviours nella tarda antichità e nel medioevo.
In una seconda sezione, invece, attenderò allo studio di cinque coppie di manoscritti, legati tra loro da un rapporto di discendenza diretta. Per ciascun apografo procederò alla dimostrazione della descriptio, basandomi su criteri interni (testuali) ed esterni (indizi materiali di natura codicologico-paleografica). I descripti saranno collazionati su un campione di 1625vv (corrispondenti circa all’11,4% dei 14233 versi che compongono il poema dantesco). Il campione testuale è costituito – con minimi aggiustamenti, dovuti alla lacunosità di parte del testimoniale – dai canti III, X, XIV e XV di ogni cantica. Le varianti censite saranno suddivise in categorie e sottocategorie. I rilievi eseguiti serviranno quindi ad estrapolare dati statistici, utili ad indagare la fenomenologia della copia manoscritta.My PhD thesis seeks to illustrate the data that emerged from my study of codices descripti in the manuscript tradition of Dante’s Comedy. In recent years, in various research fields (genealogical-reconstructive philology, New Philology, biblical and New Testament philology), many studies have focused on single manuscripts, aiming to detect their scribal habits. My study falls within this framework: the thesis sets out to investigate the average skills of a 14th and 15th centuries copyist, with the aim of developing a tool useful for detecting codices descripti. In the first part of my essay, I am presenting a review of the most significant studies concerning scribal behaviours in Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages. In the second part, I will analyse five pairs of manuscripts, characterized by a direct descent relationship. I will proceed to demonstrate the descriptio of each direct copy, relying both on internal criteria (textual features) and external criteria (codicological evidence). The codices will be collated on a sample of 1625 verses (equivalent to 11,4% of the 14233 verses which form Dante’s poem). The textual portion here considered – with minor adjustments – comprises cantos III, X, XIV and XV of each cantica. Variant readings will then be divided into several categories and subcategories. A division of this kind allows us to make a whole range of statistical inferences.
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Blanchfield, Lynne Sandra. "An idiosyncratic scribe : a study of the Practice and Purpose of Rate, the Scribe of Bodleian Library MS Ashmole 61." Thesis, Cardiff University, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.387378.
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