Academic literature on the topic 'Separate investments'
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Journal articles on the topic "Separate investments"
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Nuetah, J. Alexander, and Xian Xin. "Has China’s Investment Pattern in Sub-Saharan Africa Been Driven by Natural Resource Quest?" Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies 11, no. 3 (September 2019): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974910119887065.
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We assess China’s investment patterns in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using total investment data separated into foreign direct investment (FDI) and infrastructure investment in four separate groups of countries covering the period from 2005 to 2017. Answering four questions based on arguments by scholars on China’s involvement in the region, we find that: (a) FDI constitutes only about 27 percent of China’s total financial flows into SSA; (b) only 30 percent of the total financial flows from China to SSA have gone into the natural resource sector; (c) mineral-related investments in mineral-resource-endowed countries constitute less than one-third of the total investment; and (d) less than one-third of China’s total investment in the region is allocated to natural resource extraction. These findings seem to refute arguments that Chinese investments in Africa are directed at natural resource extraction and that only countries endowed with natural resources attract Chinese investments.
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Kalinina, Olga, Vasilii Buniak, Galina Golubnichaya, and Irina Kapustina. "Economic features of investment nature of energy-saving projects in Russia." E3S Web of Conferences 110 (2019): 02089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911002089.
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This article studies conceptual approaches to the definition of investments in energy saving sector, considers economic features of such investments, and highlights financial aspects making the investments attractive to modern enterprises. The features of energy saving projects’ investment analysis are considered, a model for calculating the payback of such projects at the expense of price or tariff is provided. To improve investments in energy saving sector, division of the process participants into economic entities and state bodies was proposed with separate recommendations provided for each of these groups.
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PODOLIANCHUK, Olena, and Nataliya GUDZENKO. "CAPITAL INVESTMENTS: NORMATIVE LEGAL AND ACCOUNTING." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 2 (56) (June 29, 2021): 166–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2021-2-12.
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The article evaluates the legal regulation and accounting of capital investments and determines that a single and precise term that would determine their essence has not yet been developed. The difference in the definitions of capital investments is outlined, which leads to confusion in their evaluation and reflection in the system of accounting accounts. There are two approaches to determining the nature of capital investment in the legal framework: economic and accounting. The dynamics and structure of capital investments by types of assets in terms of 2015-2019 are presented. Based on the results of elaboration of the regulatory framework and scientific opinions of scientists, their own opinion on the definition of capital investment has been expressed. It is noted that in the organization of accounting for capital investments it is important to assess, classify, justify objects, as well as the allocation of costs to current (to maintain the object in working order) and attribute investments to capital (improving the functional properties of the object ). A generalized classification of capital investments is proposed, which will help to timely and fully systematize the accounts and reflect in the reporting of objective and reliable information. It was found that one of the problems of accounting for capital investments is the distribution of costs and investments incurred between current costs and capital investments. Entities are invited to develop their own criteria for identifying capital investment objects and assigning the cost of repairs (capital repairs) to capital investments and approve them in the accounting policy and order. In order to ensure the objectivity of the information on capital investments, alternative changes to the Chart of Accounts have been proposed in the part of the Capital Investments account. The submitted proposals will provide an opportunity to consider capital investments as a separate object of accounting and to assess the rationality of investments.
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Bobrovska, О., A. Lysachok, T. Kravchenko, L. Akimova, and O. Akimov. "THE CURRENT STATE OF INVESTMENT SECURITY IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 AND ITS IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SITUATION OF THE STATE." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 1, no. 36 (February 17, 2021): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v1i36.227770.
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Ensuring stable economic development of the country is the main task of state authorities. Investment security is an important component of economic security, plays an important role during the sustainable development of the country’s economy. Modern globalization processes play an important role during the development of the system for the formation and protection of investment security. In addition, the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the identification of new negative factors, endogenous and exogenous changes, which have made significant adjustments to the development of a stable economy in the country. To combat this pandemic, a state of emergency was introduced, it concerned either an entire country or a separate region or a separate sphere. The countries of the world, for their part, introduced sanitary and epidemiological measures to avoid the spread of the disease. The rapid introduction of these measures, as well as the development and implementation of steps that dealt with mitigating the consequences of the pandemic, caused a slowdown in economic development not only in the countries of the world, but also in Ukraine. The main factor in determining the level of investment security can be a study of the state of the investment climate in the country. The pandemic significantly affected the stability of the economy, in particular, created a negative field for ensuring investment security. Investments, being a long-term «feeding» of the economy, is not only a key condition for modernizing the national economy, but also the main factor of its economic security. The «safe» properties of investments are determined by the ability to make capital investments and production savings at a level that guarantees sufficient rates of expanded reproduction, technological re-equipment and economic restructuring, directly increases the potential for protecting economic interests from threats of various approaches. GDP. Assessment of the current level of investment made it possible to determine the adequacy of the provision of the Ukrainian economy with investments, is an indicator of the country’s investment security.
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Prisandani, Ulya Yasmine, and Felix Pratama Tjipto. "Revisiting the need to regulate foreign portfolio investor in the Indonesian stock market." Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 29, no. 2 (June 11, 2021): 184–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v29i2.15216.
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This research aims to reintroduce the issue of foreign portfolio investment in Indonesia by way of presenting an analysis on the prevailing Indonesian laws and regulations, comparative analysis with well-established jurisdictions, as well as an evaluation on the need for regulating foreign portfolio investment in Indonesia. The methods used in this research combine normative and empirical methods where a review is conducted on the laws and regulations in Indonesia as well as in South Korea and India as comparative jurisdictions, in addition to an interview conducted with the Indonesian Stock Exchange. The research found that Indonesia does not have a separate, comprehensive set of regulations on foreign portfolio investments yet whereby inferences need to be made from the prevailing laws and regulations that are general in nature. After the comparative overview and analysis, there appears to be a need for separate regulation for foreign portfolio investments in Indonesia, either by way of enacting a completely new set of laws and regulations or alternatively, by way of creating implementing regulations to support the prevailing laws.
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Maung, Min, and Reza H. Chowdhury. "Is there a right time for corporate investment?" Studies in Economics and Finance 31, no. 2 (May 27, 2014): 223–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sef-08-2013-0112.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine whether corporate investment in real fixed assets in hot issue markets leads to higher income to shareholders than that in other equity market conditions. Design/methodology/approach – The authors address the research question in two steps: first, the authors identify how security issuances in hot and cold issue markets influence corporate investment decisions. Second, the authors examine how debt- and equity-financed investments in two different market conditions affect future holding period returns. The sample includes an unbalanced panel data set consisting of all non-financial and non-utility US companies from 1973 to 2006. The authors apply both firm- and industry-level fixed effect methods to estimate the coefficients of two separate empirical models. Findings – The authors find that equity issuances increase firms' capital investments in hot issue markets. These equity-financed investments in hot equity markets result in higher returns to shareholders compared to those in other market conditions. Therefore, there exists a window of opportunity for firms to issue new equities and make investments, which in turn improve shareholders' wealth. Practical implications – The findings convey a critical message to corporate managers about the right timing of equity-financed capital investments. Originality/value – While earlier research focuses on determining a specific equity market condition that favours new issuances, this paper determines a particular equity market condition when firms typically choose value-enhancing equity-backed projects for investment.
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KOSTYRIN, E. V., and M. S. SINODSKAYA. "THE MODEL FOR MANAGING INVESTMENTS IN THE MOSCOW ENVIRONMENT BASED ON A POWER REGRESSION EQUATION." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, no. 7 (2020): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.07.02.012.
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The article analyzes the impact of certain factors on the volume of investments in the environment. Regression equations describing the relationship between the volume of investment in the environment and each of the influencing factors are constructed, the coefficients of the Pearson pair correlation between the dependent variable and the influencing factors, as well as pairwise between the influencing factors, are calculated. The average approximation error for each regression equation is determined. A correlation matrix is constructed and a conclusion is made. The developed econometric model is implemented in the program of separate collection of municipal solid waste (MSW) in Moscow. The efficiency of the model of investment management in the environment is evaluated on the example of the growth of planned investments in the activities of companies specializing in the export and processing of solid waste.
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Twum, Stephen B. "Investigation of a Joint Venture-Ship between Two Firms in Ghana Using Linear Programming." Advanced Materials Research 824 (September 2013): 479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.824.479.
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Investigation of the prospects of a joint venture-ship between two Firms in Ghana is reported. The novelty of this work is in the fact that it explores the ground of co-operation instead of competition that characterise the operations of these Firms. The goal was to find an optimum investment which was more profitable to both in a joint investment than in separate ones using linear programming (LP). LP models for both Firms were first formulated separately (one of them in an earlier work) using data and information obtained from both, following which a joint problem was posed, formulated, and solved. A sensitivity analysis was performed on the solutions to assess the stability of the models and the results used to determine range of possibilities for the optimum solutions for the Firms separately and jointly. The results showed that a joint investment could prove more rewarding for the two Firms than in separate investments.
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PRUTSKA, Olena. "FINANCING OF ORGANIC PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPACT INVESTING." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 5 (45) (May 2019): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-5-6.
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The article considers and justifies the approach to the financing of organic production as a component of the concept of impact-investing. The essence, features and tools of impact-investment are considered. Impact-investing differences from social investment, socially responsible investment and social entrepreneurship are considered. It is proved that Impact Investment is the newest financial strategy for social development, provides for investments in business projects that initially focused on profit and positive changes in society or the environment It is noted that scientific consideration of impact investing has not yet been given due attention in Ukraine. The subject of research is at the intersection of financial technology, social entrepreneurship and organic agro-production. Impact investing is considered a separate case of social investing with more clearly defined boundaries. Examples of social enterprises both in agriculture and in the restaurant business and in manufacturing are known in Ukraine. Because social entrepreneurship is a business, it has all the rules of the business: niche search, market research, competition, investment, and more. Impact investments help measure the external effects of doing business. With the introduction of the investment impact criterion, it becomes possible to determine what this business impact is, how to measure, study and understand it. It is emphasized that Impact investing is only beginning to develop in Ukraine. Over the past few years, examples of such investments have emerged in Kyiv, Lviv, Odessa, Ivano-Frankivsk and other cities. Most of them have started their business through local businesses and have relatively small initial investments by global standards. The opinion is grounded that investment in the development of organic production can be considered as a form of impact investment. It is concluded that, given the great social importance of the development of organic production, as well as the positive effects that organic agricultural production can potentially have on the development of rural areas, the use of financial resources of agricultural holdings may be promising. It was proposed to provide a differentiated approach to the collection of a fixed agricultural tax (FAS), taking into account the availability of investments in organic agricultural production, which would have prompted agricultural holdings to include organic production units in their structure. Investments in the development of organic agricultural production, which are proposed to be considered as impact investments, would allow domestic agro-holdings to a certain extent “rehabilitate”, improve their image, give their debt to society, and contribute to the development of rural areas.
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Timmer, Ryan, John Paul Broussard, and G. Geoffrey Booth. "The efficacy of life insurance company general account equity asset allocations: a safety-first perspective using vine copulas." Annals of Actuarial Science 12, no. 2 (January 21, 2018): 372–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1748499517000264.
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AbstractWe study the asset allocation decision of a life insurance company’s general account with respect to the possibility of large negative economic shocks and examine how this account is affected by policyholder investment decisions in the company’s separate account. This is accomplished using a performance metric that incorporates downside risk measured using univariate and multivariate extreme value distributions. Because of its well-known price volatility, diversification attributes, and significant weight in the combined general and separate accounts, our primary focus is the company’s equity investments. Although industry asset allocations have varied over the past two decades, we find that the actual allocations to equity in the general account are close to the allocation percentages suggested by our extreme value metrics and both are far below the maximum values indicated by the relevant regulatory bodies.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Separate investments"
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Eichler, Dirk. "Capturing the value of corporate real estate portfolios : separate or integrate? /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25940909.
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Vojáčková, Šárka. "Zhodnocení rizik vybraných způsobů spoření na penzi." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233040.
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The Master Thesis „Risk Assessment of Selected Methods of Retirement Saving“ deals with retirement savings risk assessment in three selected alternatives. The theoretical part focuses on the collection and processing of data: II. pillar, Unit Linked Insurance and separate investments. Companies representing all the different alternatives are selected and described. In the second part of the Master thesis are calculated models of alternatives. The risk analysis for all considering saving options is carried out by Ripran Method.
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Ortmann, Regina, and Erich Pummerer. "Formula Apportionment or Separate Accounting? Tax-Induced Distortions of Multinationals' Location Investment Decisions." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2015. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4703/1/SSRN%2Did2688090.pdf.
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We examine which tax allocation system leads to more severe distortions with respect to locational
investment decisions. We consider separate accounting (SA) and formula apportionment (FA). The
effects of both systems have been hotly debated in Europe in the past years. The reason is that the EU
Member States are striving to implement a common European tax system that would lead to a switch
from SA to FA. While existing studies focus primarily on the impact of taxes on locational decisions
under either SA or FA, the main innovation of this paper is that it compares both systems with regard
to the level of distortions they induce. We compare the optimal pre-tax investment decision with the
optimal after-tax investment decision and infer from the difference in the allocation of investment
funds which tax allocation system causes more severe distortions. We assume that the multinational
group (MNG) has comprehensive book income shifting opportunities under SA. We find that the
investment incentives under SA are opposed to those under FA for a profitable investment project.
Whereas under SA as much as possible should be invested in a high-tax country, under FA as much as
possible should be invested in a low-tax country. The distortions of locational investment decisions
tend to be more severe under SA than under FA if a greater share of investment funds is to be invested
in a low-tax country from a pre-tax perspective and the investment is profitable. Vice versa, locational
decisions may be more distorted under FA if the optimal pre-tax investment decision requires
investing a major share of funds in the high-tax country. In contrast to the often stated insensitivity of
FA towards income shifting, we find the introduction of a tax allocation system based on FA in
Europe could lead to a severe shift of economic substance to low-tax countries. The results of this
paper are of particular interest for European policy makers and MNGs as our findings may induce
European MNGs to reassess their recent locational investment decisions in the face of a potential
future change in the applied tax allocation system. (authors' abstract)Series: WU International Taxation Research Paper Series
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Ortmann, Regina, and Caren Sureth-Sloane. "Can the CCCTB alleviate tax discrimination against loss-making European multinational groups?" Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11573-015-0780-6.
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In March 2011, the European Commission submitted a proposal for a Council Directive on an optional common consolidated corporate tax base (CCCTB). If this proposed CCCTB system comes into force, taxes calculated under the currently existing system of separate accounting might be replaced by a system of group consolidation and formulary apportionment. Then, multinational groups (MNGs) would face the decision as to whether to opt for the CCCTB system. Prior research focuses mainly on the differences in economic behaviour under both systems in general. By contrast, we study the conditions under which one or the other tax system is preferable from the perspective of an MNG, with a particular focus on loss-offsets. We identify four effects that determine the decision of an MNG: the
tax-utilization of losses, the allocation of the tax base, the dividend and intragroup interest taxation. We find mixed results, e.g., that the CCCTB system proves advantageous for increasing loss/profit streams (e.g. from start-ups or R&D projects) of the individual group entities, whereas the system of separate accounting is beneficial for decreasing profit/loss streams (e.g. caused by a decrease in return from a mature product). The results of our analysis are helpful for MNGs facing the decision as to whether to opt for the CCCTB system and can also support legislators and politicians in the EU but also in other regions in their tax reform discussions. (authors' abstract)
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Ortmann, Regina, and Caren Sureth. "Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination Against Loss-making European Multinational Groups?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4168/1/SSRN%2Did2442820.pdf.
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In March 2011, the European Commission submitted a proposal for a Council Directive on an optional common consolidated corporate tax base (CCCTB). If this proposed CCCTB system comes into force, taxes calculated under the currently existing system of separate accounting might be replaced by a system of group consolidation and formulary apportionment. Then, multinational groups (MNGs) would face the decision as to whether to opt for the CCCTB system. Prior research focuses mainly on the differences in economic behaviour under both systems in general. By con-trast, we study the conditions under which one or the other tax system is preferable from the per-spective of an MNG, with a particular focus on loss-offsets. We identify four effects that determine the decision of an MNG: the tax-utilization of losses, the allocation of the tax base, the dividend and intragroup interest taxation. We find mixed results, e.g., that the CCCTB system proves ad-vantageous for increasing loss/profit streams (e.g. from start-ups or R&D projects) of the individual group entities, whereas the system of separate accounting is beneficial for decreasing profit/loss streams (e.g. caused by a decrease in return from a mature product). The results of our analysis are helpful for MNGs facing the decision as to whether to opt for the CCCTB system and can also support legislators and politicians in the EU but also in other regions in their tax reform discussions. (authors' abstract)Series: WU International Taxation Research Paper Series
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Ortmann, Regina. "The Impact of a Harmonized European Corporate Tax Base on Investment Decisions of Multinationals." Thesis, 2015. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4827/1/Ortmann_2015_Dissertation_fuer_Druck.pdf.
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My dissertation scrutinizes the implications of a harmonized European corporate tax system for firms' and businesses' decision-making. Specifically, I examine the cross-border consolidation of profits and losses, the design of the apportionment formula applied to allocate the consolidated tax base to single group entities, and the locational investment decisions that are mainly driven by the consolidation of the tax base and its allocation to the group entities. All of my analyses are conducted using model-theoretical methods and simulations, a partial equilibrium business perspective is maintained throughout. (author's abstract)
Books on the topic "Separate investments"
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Catherine, Fredman, ed. Use the news: How to separate the noise from the investment nuggets and make money in any economy. New York, NY: HarperCollins Publishers, 2001.
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Entscheidungsorientierte Kosten- und Erfolgsrechnung und dynamische Investitionsrechnung als separate Führungsinstrumente eines koordinationsorientierten Controlling und Ansätze zu ihrer Integration. Frankfurt am Main: P. Lang, 1998.
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Doyle, Chris. Investment decisions: The role of market structure in vertically separated network industries. Cambridge: Department of Applied Economics, University of Cambridge, 1994.
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Chambers, Larry. J.K. Lasser Pro Separate Account Management: An Investment Management Strategy Designed for High Net Worth Individuals. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
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Committee, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Accounting Standards Executive. Financial highlights of separate accounts: An amendment to the audit and accounting guide audits of investment companies. New York, NY: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, 2003.
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Wilkinson, Don F. Stop wasting your wealth in mutual funds: Separately managed accounts : the smart alternative. Chicago: Dearborn Trade Pub., 2005.
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Wilkinson, Don F. Stop wasting your wealth in mutual funds: Separately managed accounts : the smart alternative. Chicago, IL: Kaplan Publishing, 2006.
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Gresham, Stephen D. The managed account handbook: How to build your financial advisory practice using separately managed accounts. Hartford, CT: Connecticut River Press, 2002.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Separate investments"
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Celebi, Hulya. "The Impact of Corporate Income Taxation on Location Choice of Investments: Separate Accounting Versus Formula Apportionment." In The Impact of Globalization on International Finance and Accounting, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68762-9_1.
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Wipf, Heinz. "Safety Versus Security in Aviation." In The Coupling of Safety and Security, 29–41. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47229-0_4.
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Abstract The two domains safety and security have traditionally been kept separated in aviation. While the first treats risks associated with aviation activities, the latter safeguards civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference. While national and international guidelines exist in addressing the installation of risk management for organizations having hazardous operations in aviation, an appropriate application of established assessment techniques, both quantitative and qualitative are crucial to both domains. For an incorrect hazard identification and the quantification of an adverse outcome may strongly affect both the level of protection and the investments required to reach it. The empirical example and data shown stem from safety risk assessments in HEMS (helicopter emergency medical service) flight operations. These flight operations use advanced instrument flight procedures in obstacle rich environments under low visibility conditions and are therefore a safety concern on the one hand. On the other hand, one analyzes security, whenever HEMS flights are operated in adverse weather conditions, having as a sole navigation source signals from a global navigation satellite constellation. A traditional safety risk assessment (Wipf in Aviation risk and safety management, Springer, p 108, 1) under these circumstances, considers only factors of human performance under technical failure conditions. A security analysis, however, should treat all forms of jamming, meaconing, and spoofing of the satellite signals and the adverse impact on the performance of the receiver to calculate a valid position. The chapter illustrates to which extent commonalities reign in both domains and where practices go separate ways.
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Jeswald W, Salacuse. "5 The General Structure of Investment Treaties." In The Law of Investment Treaties. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198850953.003.0005.
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This chapter outlines the general structure of investment treaties. An investment treaty is an international agreement embodied in one or more written documents by which two or more states agree to certain legal rules to govern investments undertaken by nationals of one treaty party in the territory of another treaty party. A treaty is an instrument of international law that binds the contracting states. An investment treaty usually consists of a single document. However, the parties may use an exchange of letters or separate protocols to explain, modify, or elaborate on certain treaty provisions. The chapter then studies the ten topics that make up the basic structure of most modern investment treaties.
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Jeswald W, Salacuse. "15 Investment Treaty Dispute Settlement." In The Law of Investment Treaties. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198850953.003.0015.
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This chapter focuses on investment treaty dispute settlement, examining the nature of conflicts between investors and states and the various means provided by treaties to resolve them. In general, investor–state disputes governed by treaties occur because a host state has taken a ‘measure’ that allegedly violates that state's treaty commitments on the treatment it has promised to accord to investments protected by that treaty. Before the advent of investment treaties, investors basically had three methods to seek resolution of their disputes with host states: (a) direct negotiation with host state governments; (b) domestic courts in the host country; and (c) diplomatic protection by their home states. In order to establish a stable, rule-based system for international investment, treaties provide means to resolve disputes about the interpretation and application of treaty provisions. Most investment treaties provide four separate dispute settlement methods: (1) consultations and negotiations between contracting states; (2) arbitration between contracting states; (3) consultations and negotiations between covered investors and host governments; and (4) investor–state arbitration.
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Loyd, Jenna M., and Alison Mountz. "Militarizing Migration." In Boats, Borders, and Bases. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520287969.003.0003.
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Chapter 2 discusses the politics of deterring asylum seekers by exploring the simultaneous efforts to find new detention space for Cubans and Haitians who had already arrived in the United States and to develop “contingency” space in the event of another mass migration. This chapter focuses on the pivotal role of military bases in the ad hoc creation of U.S. migration policy during the Carter and Reagan administrations. Haitian and Cuban asylum seekers who arrived in 1980 found themselves confined on separate military facilities from Florida to Wisconsin and Arkansas. The search and negotiations surrounding new places to detain reveal racialized imaginations and seemingly irrational investments in new places to detain. The deeply contingent and contested use of decommissioned military bases led ultimately to the search for more permanent detention space.
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"Separate Account After-Tax Reporting." In Tax-Aware Investment Management, 77–92. Hoboken, NJ, USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470883761.ch7.
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Dawson, Melanie V., and Meredith L. Goldsmith. "Introduction." In American Literary History and the Turn toward Modernity, 1–24. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056043.003.0010.
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Across the period from 1880 to 1930, the processes of rethinking the past can be read as a historical gesture as significant as the consideration of wholly new works of art, resulting in a period of experimentation, negotiation, hybridity, and historical dualities. Despite pressures to valorize the modern and thus separate literary eras at the century’s dividing mark, authors from the turn of the century, or the T-20 period, explore their historical legacies as well as anticipatory inscriptions of the new. Calling for a reading practice that encourages both forward and backward glancing, essays collected in this volume attest to the irreducibility of the century’s turn, which can be read as an era of historical complexity rather than as a period shaped by a decisive teleological march into new intellectual territory. Exploring the permeable boundaries and elastic categories of a literary history rich in multiple investments, essays here stress American literature’s navigation of moving boundaries that encompass not only temporal markers but intersecting literary and cultural traditions.
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Baker, H. Kent, John R. Nofsinger, and Vesa Puttonen. "Investment Schemes Designed to Separate You from Your Money." In The Savvy Investor's Guide to Avoiding Pitfalls, Frauds, and Scams, 121–47. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-559-820201009.
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Pfeifer, Dietmar, and Vivien Langen. "Insurance Business and Sustainable Development." In Risk Management [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96389.
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In this study, we will discuss recent developments in risk management of the global financial and insurance business with respect to sustainable development. So far climate change aspects have been the dominant aspect in managing sustainability risks and opportunities, accompanied by the development of several legislative initiatives triggered by supervisory authorities. However, a sole concentration on these aspects misses out other important economic and social facets of sustainable development goals formulated by the UN. Such aspects have very recently come into the focus of the European Committee concerning the Solvency II project for the European insurance industry. Clearly the new legislative expectations can be better handled by larger insurance companies and holdings than by small- and medium-sized mutual insurance companies which are numerous in central Europe, due to their historic development starting in the late medieval ages and early modern times. We therefore also concentrate on strategies within the risk management of such small- and medium-sized enterprises that can be achieved without much effort, in particular those that are not directly related to climate change. We start this study with a general overview of the UN sustainable development goals and their implementation in the financial sector world-wide, with a major focus on climate change aspects of investments in a lower carbon economy and economic support of underdeveloped countries that were prevailing until very recently. Although the insurance sector can be considered as a particular branch of the finance industry there are several particularities which need a separate consideration. In the first place, insurance provides a protection of individuals and companies against severe material and non-material losses. Therefore the insurance premiums must be invested safely, in particular under actual insurance regulations like Solvency II. But the insurance industry is also faced with new emerging risks due to climate change, in both the life and non-life sector. Moreover, the European development of insurance regulation has very recently focused also on other sustainability aspects than those related to climate change. We discuss this aspect of risk management in a separate section of this study. Finally, we discuss in detail appropriate strategies how small- and medium sized insurance companies in Europe can handle the new challenges of insurance supervision without too much effort. Our suggestions are mainly driven by own experiences from practice.
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"Illustrations for Separately Calculating and Disclosing the Foreign Currency Element of Realized and Unrealized Gains and Losses." In Investment Companies, 531–35. New York, NY: American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119480518.app6.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Separate investments"
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İsmihan, Mustafa, and Mustafa Can Küçüker. "The Dual Adjustment Approach with an Application to the Investment Function for Turkey (1963-2017)." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02351.
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The dual adjustment approach enables us to consider separate dual co-movements of permanent and transitory components of time series variables and hence the possibility of dual adjustment. The common {filtered} trend concept is developed within the framework of dual adjustment approach and a simple test for the existence of such relationship is suggested for nonstationary macroeconomic variables. This paper investigates the dual adjustment with an application to the private sector fixed capital investment function by using the Turkish data over the 1963-2017 period. Our results indicated that private sector fixed capital investment and income, public sector fixed capital investment and macroeconomic instability are not cointegrated and hence they have spurious relationship. In contrast, according to the dual adjustment approach, these variables have a long run relationship. Additionally, it is shown that there are dual relationships between permanent and temporary components of private sector fixed capital investment and income. Furthermore, it is shown that there is no long run relationship between private sector fixed capital investments and public sector fixed capital investments but they are negatively related in the short run. In addition, it is concluded that macroeconomic instability is detrimental for private sector fixed capital investments only in the long run.
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Wiegele, Ed, David Nemeth, Shahani Kariyawasam, and Stuart Clouston. "Data Management for Integrity Decision Support." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0511.
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Within most pipeline organizations, maintenance and other facility departments use a range of separate data sources and applications to manage the integrity, maintenance and safety of their pipelines. These databases represent a significant investment over many years and are an integral part of day-to-day operations. It is evident that integration of data into a single, coherent data management system can provide significant benefits. However, the cost of implementing entirely new systems — with intensive data capture programs — is difficult to justify given the earlier investments. As a result, dedicated risk management software using static and separately maintained data is often used as a quick, low cost alternative to meet regulatory compliance commitments. Experience has shown that, with the right technology and an understanding of the specific needs of an organisation, a phased approach to integrated data management can be achieved at minimum initial cost by exploiting legacy data. This provides a low cost yet scalable solution that can grow with the changing needs of the business. In addition to the benefits of legacy data integration, this paper presents an insight into the additional benefits of technologies for distributed data access to provide simple, process-focussed reporting tools. The key role of data management in risk assessment and consequent integrity decision support process is discussed.
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Конозова, Анна, Anna Konozova, Елизавета Синдицкая, Elizaveta Sinditskaya, Медея Шатиришвили, and Medeya Shatirishvili. "Model of economic growth of Harrod-Domar." In Mathematics in Economics. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c24b1d4b74d79.56177717.
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In this article the model of economic growth of Harrod-Domar is considered. Positions of model of a role of investments of Domar and model of the features of the market of the benefits of Harrod are provided in a separate economic section. By means of model the task is solved that reflects not only theoretical, but also practical usefulness of its application. Conclusions as a result of the analysis of model are drawn.
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Tsai, N. Tom. "The Evolution of Commuter Rail Service in the San Francisco Peninsula." In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5664.
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Commuting by rail in the San Francisco Peninsula has been a travel option for 150 years. However, only in the past 30 years has commuter rail gained recognition as a mode of public transportation separate and distinct from other intercity railroad services. The development of commuter rail as a mode of public transportation, supported and operated by public entities, was a relative new mode of rail service with new techniques to manage finances, optimize schedules, and market their services. Joint agreements were developed to assign responsibility for costs and liabilities to public entities and set limits on infrastructure usage. The increased responsibility of public entities for commuter rail services has required a public policy permitting subsidy of operations, infrastructure investments, and new governance structures. This paper traces the evolution of the commuter rail service in the Peninsula between San Francisco and San Jose over the past 150 years and describes the operating practices, agreements, and institutional structures that facilitated its transformation. Ridership and revenue data were compared with other commuter rail operations in the nation. The data also showed that it has responded to the need of this growing community with new technology and practices over the years.
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Ananos, Juan B., Dieter Braun, and Wolfgang Buck. "Generator Output Breaker Reliability/Availability Benefits." In ASME 2006 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2006-88185.
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The problem of operating power stations with the highest possible availability has become more and more important in recent years, the layout of a power station obviously has a decisive influence in this respect. The present paper is specifically concerned with the reliability assessment of large thermal power stations. It provides significant insights in the optimization of power stations layouts. The application of generator circuit-breakers for the switching of generators at their terminal voltage offers many advantages when compared with the unit connection such as lower first costs, simplified operational procedures and better fault protection. Modern SF6 generator circuit-breakers make it possible to interrupt all types of fault currents within four cycles. This rapid clearance of fault currents helps to avoid expensive secondary damage of power station equipment and consequently long down times for repair. Although they have a low probability of occurrence such outages have a substantial effect on the availability of a generating unit. It is obvious that long unavailability periods as e.g. in the case of disruptive faults on step-up transformers may affect the rate of return of investments related with power stations. With the recent successful certification of a generator circuit-breaker with a rated short-circuit breaking current of 200 kA SF6 generator circuit-breakers are now available for generating units up to 2000 MVA. Another recent development has been the integration of all the associated items of switchgear within the generator circuit-breaker enclosure as an option to their separate installation. This greatly improved functionality of generator switchgear also contributes to the realisation of simpler and more economic layouts of power stations. Beside a substantial reduction of the first costs this new solution, being fully factory assembled and tested, also makes possible considerable saving in time and expenditures for erection and commissioning.
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Radulescu, Victorita. "Numerical Modeling and Prediction of the Significant Parameters for Wind Monitoring." In ASME 2019 2nd International Offshore Wind Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iowtc2019-7518.
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Abstract Romania has a high wind potential, representing more than 14,000 MW. After significant investments of over 5 billion euros made starting 2010, many wind farms were developed in regions with efficient potential, from the South-East part of the country. Nowadays, in January 2018, in Romania were registered 3025 MW produced by wind energy, representing around 30% of the total generated energy. To establish the efficient areas for future wind power plants a massive campaign of wind’s monitoring was developed, in the entire country. The paper presents a solution of the numerical modeling for the registered environmental data, significant atmospheric parameters. The complex realized database will allow future implementations of wind power plants. The data measured and stored refer at wind intensity and direction, pressure, temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and drew points, performed during four years with masts of height 70 m, situated at distance of 20 km each other. By numerical modeling is created a correlation and prediction of the measured data, plotted in correspondence to each elevation of the measuring stations. It was also analyzed the perturbations induced by the masts presence. Firstly, are mentioned some aspects referring to the masts installation, the solution adopted for a proper distribution through the analyzed area. The database elaboration was a challenge, due to the large amount of data recorded at intervals of 10 minutes (some parameters at 10 seconds) for a period of four years, for more than 12 parameters instantly. Besides these, there were stored and some other data referring at daily produced energy with some existent wind turbines. They will be considered as data input for future developments, with new generations of turbines, more efficient. It is created an original method to compact the database in order to use small amounts of computer memory. With the daily collected data was made and stored separately the average, maximum, and minimum wind velocity, for each day and month, from the measurements at time interval of 10 minutes. The relations between the values registered are within classification areas CL-4 and CL-8, allowing performing illustrations of over-prediction and under-prediction. The wind velocities under 4 m/s are stored in a separate folder because they are not useful in wind turbine functioning. These values are used only for estimation the future wind farms efficiency. The uncertainties are analyzed and are assessed the limits of errors, for the land classification CL-4. There are presented numerical results, some conclusions, and references.
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Jahnig, C. E. "Gas Turbine Uses Coal Fuel With Indirect Heat Transfer via Circulating Ceramic Beads." In ASME 1986 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/86-gt-22.
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This paper defines a gas turbine power system in which the heat from coal combustion is transferred to a clean working gas by contact with a recirculated stream of hot ceramic beads. The beads are first heated by direct contact in a pressurized coal combustion zone and then the hot beads are separated, freed of coal ash and contacted directly with a pressurized gas such as air going to a gas turbine. Separate zones are used for combustion and for contact with the clean gas to be heated, and these two zones are kept separated by an intermediate column of beads at each transfer point. Similar technology is well known and used commercially in the petroleum industry, for example, in catalytic cracking of oil to make gasoline. Hot clean gas from the operation is used to generate power in an expander, while the products from coal combustion are handled by conventional methods for environmental control. The system offers the simplicity and efficiency typical of gas turbines and avoids the large use of water typical of steam power systems. Low investment is expected, together with minimal environmental impact.
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Hiç, Özlen. "A Summary of the Developments Regarding the Economic Regime Implemented in Developed and Developing Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00685.
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Since the developments regarding the economic regime in developed countries follow a different path as opposed to those in developing countries, in this article, these two groups of countries will be examined separately. Priority will be given to investigating the economic regime in developed countries due to historical and theoretical reasons. Today, both in developed and developing countries the economic activities basically are taken up by the private sector; nevertheless the government contributes to these activities through intervention, guidance, protectionism, and investment. Still the level of government intervention, protection and public investments in developed countries appears to be at the minimum. The role of government in developing countries, on the other hand, seems to be more significant; the gravity of the government’s role depends on the degree of development for the countries concerned. In the countries where the level of development is low, the role of government increases, that is to say, the improvement in development decreases the role government.
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Mazumder, Anisha, and Arunabha Sen. "Influence Propagation in Competitive Scenario: Winning with Least Amount of Investment in Separated Threshold Model." In 2018 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2018.8618661.
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Xu, Yujie, Hongguang Jin, Rumou Lin, and Wei Han. "System Study on Partial Gasification Combined Cycle With CO2 Recovery." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-91105.
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A partial gasification combined cycle with CO2 recovery is proposed in this paper. Partial gasification adopts cascade conversion of the composition of coal. Active composition of coal is simply gasified, while inactive composition, that is char, is burnt in a boiler. Oxy-fuel combustion of syngas produces only CO2 and H2O, so the CO2 can be separated through cooling the working fluid. This decreases the amount of energy consumed to separate CO2 compared with conventional methods. The novel system integrates the above two key technologies, by injecting steam from a steam turbine into the combustion chamber of a gas turbine, to combine the Rankine cycle with the Brayton cycle. The thermal efficiency of this system will be higher based on the cascade utilization of energy level. Compared to the conventional IGCC, the compressor of the gas turbine, HRSG and gasifier are substituted for a pump, reheater and partial gasifier, so the system is simplified obviously. Furthermore, the novel system is investigated by means of EUD (Energy-Utilization Diagram) methodology and provides a simple analysis of their economic and environmental performance. As a result, the thermal efficiency of this system may be expected to be 46%, with recovery of 50% of CO2, which is 3–5% higher than that of an IGCC system. At the same time, the total investment cost of the new system is about 21.5% lower than that of an IGCC. The promising results obtained here with higher thermal efficiency, lower cost and less environmental impact provide an attractive option for clean coal utilization technology.
Reports on the topic "Separate investments"
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Arce, Eliécer, and Edgar A. Robles. Fiscal Rules and the Behavior of Public Investment in Costa Rica and Panama: Towards Growth-Friendly Fiscal Policy? Inter-American Development Bank, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003071.
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This paper aims to provide evidence on the effects of fiscal rules on public investment, fiscal results and growth in Costa Rica and Panama. First, we find that the budget formulation process and the political economy behind the adoption and compliance of fiscal rules explain that Panama has a bias to create and sequentially pile up rules, while Costa Rica has a tendency not to comply with them. Second, a retrospective analysis of the 2018 fiscal rules in both nations finds asymmetric effects on the fiscal results. In Panama it is difficult to separate the effect of fiscal rule designs on public investment; and, in Costa Rica, the application of the fiscal rule will decrease public investment, if the debt to GDP ratio exceeds 60 percent and current expenditure crowds out capital expenditure. Two lessons emerge. First, an effective fiscal rule compliance requires time consistent institutions, solid monitoring, enforcement schemes and improving the quality of public financial management systems. Second, it is necessary to review the design of fiscal rules in both countries to ensure they are investment and growth friendly.