Academic literature on the topic 'Separate investments'

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Journal articles on the topic "Separate investments"

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Nuetah, J. Alexander, and Xian Xin. "Has China’s Investment Pattern in Sub-Saharan Africa Been Driven by Natural Resource Quest?" Global Journal of Emerging Market Economies 11, no. 3 (2019): 215–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0974910119887065.

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We assess China’s investment patterns in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) using total investment data separated into foreign direct investment (FDI) and infrastructure investment in four separate groups of countries covering the period from 2005 to 2017. Answering four questions based on arguments by scholars on China’s involvement in the region, we find that: (a) FDI constitutes only about 27 percent of China’s total financial flows into SSA; (b) only 30 percent of the total financial flows from China to SSA have gone into the natural resource sector; (c) mineral-related investments in mineral-resour
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Kalinina, Olga, Vasilii Buniak, Galina Golubnichaya, and Irina Kapustina. "Economic features of investment nature of energy-saving projects in Russia." E3S Web of Conferences 110 (2019): 02089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911002089.

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This article studies conceptual approaches to the definition of investments in energy saving sector, considers economic features of such investments, and highlights financial aspects making the investments attractive to modern enterprises. The features of energy saving projects’ investment analysis are considered, a model for calculating the payback of such projects at the expense of price or tariff is provided. To improve investments in energy saving sector, division of the process participants into economic entities and state bodies was proposed with separate recommendations provided for eac
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PODOLIANCHUK, Olena, and Nataliya GUDZENKO. "CAPITAL INVESTMENTS: NORMATIVE LEGAL AND ACCOUNTING." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 2 (56) (June 29, 2021): 166–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2021-2-12.

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The article evaluates the legal regulation and accounting of capital investments and determines that a single and precise term that would determine their essence has not yet been developed. The difference in the definitions of capital investments is outlined, which leads to confusion in their evaluation and reflection in the system of accounting accounts. There are two approaches to determining the nature of capital investment in the legal framework: economic and accounting. The dynamics and structure of capital investments by types of assets in terms of 2015-2019 are presented. Based on the r
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Bobrovska, О., A. Lysachok, T. Kravchenko, L. Akimova, and O. Akimov. "THE CURRENT STATE OF INVESTMENT SECURITY IN UKRAINE IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 AND ITS IMPACT ON THE FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC SITUATION OF THE STATE." Financial and credit activity: problems of theory and practice 1, no. 36 (2021): 233–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18371/fcaptp.v1i36.227770.

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Ensuring stable economic development of the country is the main task of state authorities. Investment security is an important component of economic security, plays an important role during the sustainable development of the country’s economy. Modern globalization processes play an important role during the development of the system for the formation and protection of investment security. In addition, the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic has led to the identification of new negative factors, endogenous and exogenous changes, which have made significant adjustments to the development of a sta
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Prisandani, Ulya Yasmine, and Felix Pratama Tjipto. "Revisiting the need to regulate foreign portfolio investor in the Indonesian stock market." Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 29, no. 2 (2021): 184–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v29i2.15216.

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This research aims to reintroduce the issue of foreign portfolio investment in Indonesia by way of presenting an analysis on the prevailing Indonesian laws and regulations, comparative analysis with well-established jurisdictions, as well as an evaluation on the need for regulating foreign portfolio investment in Indonesia. The methods used in this research combine normative and empirical methods where a review is conducted on the laws and regulations in Indonesia as well as in South Korea and India as comparative jurisdictions, in addition to an interview conducted with the Indonesian Stock E
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Maung, Min, and Reza H. Chowdhury. "Is there a right time for corporate investment?" Studies in Economics and Finance 31, no. 2 (2014): 223–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sef-08-2013-0112.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to determine whether corporate investment in real fixed assets in hot issue markets leads to higher income to shareholders than that in other equity market conditions. Design/methodology/approach – The authors address the research question in two steps: first, the authors identify how security issuances in hot and cold issue markets influence corporate investment decisions. Second, the authors examine how debt- and equity-financed investments in two different market conditions affect future holding period returns. The sample includes an unbalanced panel d
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KOSTYRIN, E. V., and M. S. SINODSKAYA. "THE MODEL FOR MANAGING INVESTMENTS IN THE MOSCOW ENVIRONMENT BASED ON A POWER REGRESSION EQUATION." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2, no. 7 (2020): 91–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2020.07.02.012.

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The article analyzes the impact of certain factors on the volume of investments in the environment. Regression equations describing the relationship between the volume of investment in the environment and each of the influencing factors are constructed, the coefficients of the Pearson pair correlation between the dependent variable and the influencing factors, as well as pairwise between the influencing factors, are calculated. The average approximation error for each regression equation is determined. A correlation matrix is constructed and a conclusion is made. The developed econometric mode
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Twum, Stephen B. "Investigation of a Joint Venture-Ship between Two Firms in Ghana Using Linear Programming." Advanced Materials Research 824 (September 2013): 479–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.824.479.

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Investigation of the prospects of a joint venture-ship between two Firms in Ghana is reported. The novelty of this work is in the fact that it explores the ground of co-operation instead of competition that characterise the operations of these Firms. The goal was to find an optimum investment which was more profitable to both in a joint investment than in separate ones using linear programming (LP). LP models for both Firms were first formulated separately (one of them in an earlier work) using data and information obtained from both, following which a joint problem was posed, formulated, and
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PRUTSKA, Olena. "FINANCING OF ORGANIC PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPACT INVESTING." "EСONOMY. FINANСES. MANAGEMENT: Topical issues of science and practical activity", no. 5 (45) (May 2019): 55–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37128/2411-4413-2019-5-6.

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The article considers and justifies the approach to the financing of organic production as a component of the concept of impact-investing. The essence, features and tools of impact-investment are considered. Impact-investing differences from social investment, socially responsible investment and social entrepreneurship are considered. It is proved that Impact Investment is the newest financial strategy for social development, provides for investments in business projects that initially focused on profit and positive changes in society or the environment It is noted that scientific consideratio
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Timmer, Ryan, John Paul Broussard, and G. Geoffrey Booth. "The efficacy of life insurance company general account equity asset allocations: a safety-first perspective using vine copulas." Annals of Actuarial Science 12, no. 2 (2018): 372–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1748499517000264.

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AbstractWe study the asset allocation decision of a life insurance company’s general account with respect to the possibility of large negative economic shocks and examine how this account is affected by policyholder investment decisions in the company’s separate account. This is accomplished using a performance metric that incorporates downside risk measured using univariate and multivariate extreme value distributions. Because of its well-known price volatility, diversification attributes, and significant weight in the combined general and separate accounts, our primary focus is the company’s
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Separate investments"

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Eichler, Dirk. "Capturing the value of corporate real estate portfolios : separate or integrate? /." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25940909.

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Vojáčková, Šárka. "Zhodnocení rizik vybraných způsobů spoření na penzi." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233040.

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The Master Thesis „Risk Assessment of Selected Methods of Retirement Saving“ deals with retirement savings risk assessment in three selected alternatives. The theoretical part focuses on the collection and processing of data: II. pillar, Unit Linked Insurance and separate investments. Companies representing all the different alternatives are selected and described. In the second part of the Master thesis are calculated models of alternatives. The risk analysis for all considering saving options is carried out by Ripran Method.
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Ortmann, Regina, and Erich Pummerer. "Formula Apportionment or Separate Accounting? Tax-Induced Distortions of Multinationals' Location Investment Decisions." WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2015. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4703/1/SSRN%2Did2688090.pdf.

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We examine which tax allocation system leads to more severe distortions with respect to locational investment decisions. We consider separate accounting (SA) and formula apportionment (FA). The effects of both systems have been hotly debated in Europe in the past years. The reason is that the EU Member States are striving to implement a common European tax system that would lead to a switch from SA to FA. While existing studies focus primarily on the impact of taxes on locational decisions under either SA or FA, the main innovation of this paper is that it compares both systems with regar
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Ortmann, Regina, and Caren Sureth-Sloane. "Can the CCCTB alleviate tax discrimination against loss-making European multinational groups?" Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11573-015-0780-6.

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In March 2011, the European Commission submitted a proposal for a Council Directive on an optional common consolidated corporate tax base (CCCTB). If this proposed CCCTB system comes into force, taxes calculated under the currently existing system of separate accounting might be replaced by a system of group consolidation and formulary apportionment. Then, multinational groups (MNGs) would face the decision as to whether to opt for the CCCTB system. Prior research focuses mainly on the differences in economic behaviour under both systems in general. By contrast, we study the conditions under w
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Ortmann, Regina, and Caren Sureth. "Can the CCCTB Alleviate Tax Discrimination Against Loss-making European Multinational Groups?" WU Vienna University of Economics and Business, Universität Wien, 2014. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4168/1/SSRN%2Did2442820.pdf.

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In March 2011, the European Commission submitted a proposal for a Council Directive on an optional common consolidated corporate tax base (CCCTB). If this proposed CCCTB system comes into force, taxes calculated under the currently existing system of separate accounting might be replaced by a system of group consolidation and formulary apportionment. Then, multinational groups (MNGs) would face the decision as to whether to opt for the CCCTB system. Prior research focuses mainly on the differences in economic behaviour under both systems in general. By con-trast, we study the conditions under
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Ortmann, Regina. "The Impact of a Harmonized European Corporate Tax Base on Investment Decisions of Multinationals." Thesis, 2015. http://epub.wu.ac.at/4827/1/Ortmann_2015_Dissertation_fuer_Druck.pdf.

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My dissertation scrutinizes the implications of a harmonized European corporate tax system for firms' and businesses' decision-making. Specifically, I examine the cross-border consolidation of profits and losses, the design of the apportionment formula applied to allocate the consolidated tax base to single group entities, and the locational investment decisions that are mainly driven by the consolidation of the tax base and its allocation to the group entities. All of my analyses are conducted using model-theoretical methods and simulations, a partial equilibrium business perspective is maint
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Books on the topic "Separate investments"

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Davidson, Erik. Investing in separate accounts. McGraw-Hill, 2002.

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Catherine, Fredman, ed. Use the news: How to separate the noise from the investment nuggets and make money in any economy. HarperCollins Publishers, 2001.

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Entscheidungsorientierte Kosten- und Erfolgsrechnung und dynamische Investitionsrechnung als separate Führungsinstrumente eines koordinationsorientierten Controlling und Ansätze zu ihrer Integration. P. Lang, 1998.

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Doyle, Chris. Investment decisions: The role of market structure in vertically separated network industries. Department of Applied Economics, University of Cambridge, 1994.

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Chambers, Larry. J.K. Lasser Pro Separate Account Management: An Investment Management Strategy Designed for High Net Worth Individuals. John Wiley & Sons, 2003.

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Committee, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants Accounting Standards Executive. Financial highlights of separate accounts: An amendment to the audit and accounting guide audits of investment companies. American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, 2003.

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Wilkinson, Don F. Stop wasting your wealth in mutual funds: Separately managed accounts : the smart alternative. Dearborn Trade Pub., 2005.

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Wilkinson, Don F. Stop wasting your wealth in mutual funds: Separately managed accounts : the smart alternative. Kaplan Publishing, 2006.

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Gresham, Stephen D. The managed account handbook: How to build your financial advisory practice using separately managed accounts. Connecticut River Press, 2002.

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Chambers, Larry. Separate Account Management. Wiley, 2003.

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Book chapters on the topic "Separate investments"

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Celebi, Hulya. "The Impact of Corporate Income Taxation on Location Choice of Investments: Separate Accounting Versus Formula Apportionment." In The Impact of Globalization on International Finance and Accounting. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68762-9_1.

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Wipf, Heinz. "Safety Versus Security in Aviation." In The Coupling of Safety and Security. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-47229-0_4.

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Abstract The two domains safety and security have traditionally been kept separated in aviation. While the first treats risks associated with aviation activities, the latter safeguards civil aviation against acts of unlawful interference. While national and international guidelines exist in addressing the installation of risk management for organizations having hazardous operations in aviation, an appropriate application of established assessment techniques, both quantitative and qualitative are crucial to both domains. For an incorrect hazard identification and the quantification of an adverse outcome may strongly affect both the level of protection and the investments required to reach it. The empirical example and data shown stem from safety risk assessments in HEMS (helicopter emergency medical service) flight operations. These flight operations use advanced instrument flight procedures in obstacle rich environments under low visibility conditions and are therefore a safety concern on the one hand. On the other hand, one analyzes security, whenever HEMS flights are operated in adverse weather conditions, having as a sole navigation source signals from a global navigation satellite constellation. A traditional safety risk assessment (Wipf in Aviation risk and safety management, Springer, p 108, 1) under these circumstances, considers only factors of human performance under technical failure conditions. A security analysis, however, should treat all forms of jamming, meaconing, and spoofing of the satellite signals and the adverse impact on the performance of the receiver to calculate a valid position. The chapter illustrates to which extent commonalities reign in both domains and where practices go separate ways.
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Jeswald W, Salacuse. "5 The General Structure of Investment Treaties." In The Law of Investment Treaties. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198850953.003.0005.

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This chapter outlines the general structure of investment treaties. An investment treaty is an international agreement embodied in one or more written documents by which two or more states agree to certain legal rules to govern investments undertaken by nationals of one treaty party in the territory of another treaty party. A treaty is an instrument of international law that binds the contracting states. An investment treaty usually consists of a single document. However, the parties may use an exchange of letters or separate protocols to explain, modify, or elaborate on certain treaty provisions. The chapter then studies the ten topics that make up the basic structure of most modern investment treaties.
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Jeswald W, Salacuse. "15 Investment Treaty Dispute Settlement." In The Law of Investment Treaties. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198850953.003.0015.

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This chapter focuses on investment treaty dispute settlement, examining the nature of conflicts between investors and states and the various means provided by treaties to resolve them. In general, investor–state disputes governed by treaties occur because a host state has taken a ‘measure’ that allegedly violates that state's treaty commitments on the treatment it has promised to accord to investments protected by that treaty. Before the advent of investment treaties, investors basically had three methods to seek resolution of their disputes with host states: (a) direct negotiation with host state governments; (b) domestic courts in the host country; and (c) diplomatic protection by their home states. In order to establish a stable, rule-based system for international investment, treaties provide means to resolve disputes about the interpretation and application of treaty provisions. Most investment treaties provide four separate dispute settlement methods: (1) consultations and negotiations between contracting states; (2) arbitration between contracting states; (3) consultations and negotiations between covered investors and host governments; and (4) investor–state arbitration.
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Loyd, Jenna M., and Alison Mountz. "Militarizing Migration." In Boats, Borders, and Bases. University of California Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520287969.003.0003.

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Chapter 2 discusses the politics of deterring asylum seekers by exploring the simultaneous efforts to find new detention space for Cubans and Haitians who had already arrived in the United States and to develop “contingency” space in the event of another mass migration. This chapter focuses on the pivotal role of military bases in the ad hoc creation of U.S. migration policy during the Carter and Reagan administrations. Haitian and Cuban asylum seekers who arrived in 1980 found themselves confined on separate military facilities from Florida to Wisconsin and Arkansas. The search and negotiations surrounding new places to detain reveal racialized imaginations and seemingly irrational investments in new places to detain. The deeply contingent and contested use of decommissioned military bases led ultimately to the search for more permanent detention space.
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"Separate Account After-Tax Reporting." In Tax-Aware Investment Management. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470883761.ch7.

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Dawson, Melanie V., and Meredith L. Goldsmith. "Introduction." In American Literary History and the Turn toward Modernity. University Press of Florida, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5744/florida/9780813056043.003.0010.

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Across the period from 1880 to 1930, the processes of rethinking the past can be read as a historical gesture as significant as the consideration of wholly new works of art, resulting in a period of experimentation, negotiation, hybridity, and historical dualities. Despite pressures to valorize the modern and thus separate literary eras at the century’s dividing mark, authors from the turn of the century, or the T-20 period, explore their historical legacies as well as anticipatory inscriptions of the new. Calling for a reading practice that encourages both forward and backward glancing, essays collected in this volume attest to the irreducibility of the century’s turn, which can be read as an era of historical complexity rather than as a period shaped by a decisive teleological march into new intellectual territory. Exploring the permeable boundaries and elastic categories of a literary history rich in multiple investments, essays here stress American literature’s navigation of moving boundaries that encompass not only temporal markers but intersecting literary and cultural traditions.
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Baker, H. Kent, John R. Nofsinger, and Vesa Puttonen. "Investment Schemes Designed to Separate You from Your Money." In The Savvy Investor's Guide to Avoiding Pitfalls, Frauds, and Scams. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/978-1-78973-559-820201009.

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Pfeifer, Dietmar, and Vivien Langen. "Insurance Business and Sustainable Development." In Risk Management [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.96389.

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In this study, we will discuss recent developments in risk management of the global financial and insurance business with respect to sustainable development. So far climate change aspects have been the dominant aspect in managing sustainability risks and opportunities, accompanied by the development of several legislative initiatives triggered by supervisory authorities. However, a sole concentration on these aspects misses out other important economic and social facets of sustainable development goals formulated by the UN. Such aspects have very recently come into the focus of the European Committee concerning the Solvency II project for the European insurance industry. Clearly the new legislative expectations can be better handled by larger insurance companies and holdings than by small- and medium-sized mutual insurance companies which are numerous in central Europe, due to their historic development starting in the late medieval ages and early modern times. We therefore also concentrate on strategies within the risk management of such small- and medium-sized enterprises that can be achieved without much effort, in particular those that are not directly related to climate change. We start this study with a general overview of the UN sustainable development goals and their implementation in the financial sector world-wide, with a major focus on climate change aspects of investments in a lower carbon economy and economic support of underdeveloped countries that were prevailing until very recently. Although the insurance sector can be considered as a particular branch of the finance industry there are several particularities which need a separate consideration. In the first place, insurance provides a protection of individuals and companies against severe material and non-material losses. Therefore the insurance premiums must be invested safely, in particular under actual insurance regulations like Solvency II. But the insurance industry is also faced with new emerging risks due to climate change, in both the life and non-life sector. Moreover, the European development of insurance regulation has very recently focused also on other sustainability aspects than those related to climate change. We discuss this aspect of risk management in a separate section of this study. Finally, we discuss in detail appropriate strategies how small- and medium sized insurance companies in Europe can handle the new challenges of insurance supervision without too much effort. Our suggestions are mainly driven by own experiences from practice.
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"Illustrations for Separately Calculating and Disclosing the Foreign Currency Element of Realized and Unrealized Gains and Losses." In Investment Companies. American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, Inc., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119480518.app6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Separate investments"

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İsmihan, Mustafa, and Mustafa Can Küçüker. "The Dual Adjustment Approach with an Application to the Investment Function for Turkey (1963-2017)." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c11.02351.

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The dual adjustment approach enables us to consider separate dual co-movements of permanent and transitory components of time series variables and hence the possibility of dual adjustment. The common {filtered} trend concept is developed within the framework of dual adjustment approach and a simple test for the existence of such relationship is suggested for nonstationary macroeconomic variables. This paper investigates the dual adjustment with an application to the private sector fixed capital investment function by using the Turkish data over the 1963-2017 period. Our results indicated that
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Wiegele, Ed, David Nemeth, Shahani Kariyawasam, and Stuart Clouston. "Data Management for Integrity Decision Support." In 2004 International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2004-0511.

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Within most pipeline organizations, maintenance and other facility departments use a range of separate data sources and applications to manage the integrity, maintenance and safety of their pipelines. These databases represent a significant investment over many years and are an integral part of day-to-day operations. It is evident that integration of data into a single, coherent data management system can provide significant benefits. However, the cost of implementing entirely new systems — with intensive data capture programs — is difficult to justify given the earlier investments. As a resul
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Конозова, Анна, Anna Konozova, Елизавета Синдицкая, Elizaveta Sinditskaya, Медея Шатиришвили, and Medeya Shatirishvili. "Model of economic growth of Harrod-Domar." In Mathematics in Economics. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/conferencearticle_5c24b1d4b74d79.56177717.

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In this article the model of economic growth of Harrod-Domar is considered. Positions of model of a role of investments of Domar and model of the features of the market of the benefits of Harrod are provided in a separate economic section. By means of model the task is solved that reflects not only theoretical, but also practical usefulness of its application. Conclusions as a result of the analysis of model are drawn.
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Tsai, N. Tom. "The Evolution of Commuter Rail Service in the San Francisco Peninsula." In 2015 Joint Rail Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/jrc2015-5664.

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Commuting by rail in the San Francisco Peninsula has been a travel option for 150 years. However, only in the past 30 years has commuter rail gained recognition as a mode of public transportation separate and distinct from other intercity railroad services. The development of commuter rail as a mode of public transportation, supported and operated by public entities, was a relative new mode of rail service with new techniques to manage finances, optimize schedules, and market their services. Joint agreements were developed to assign responsibility for costs and liabilities to public entities a
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Ananos, Juan B., Dieter Braun, and Wolfgang Buck. "Generator Output Breaker Reliability/Availability Benefits." In ASME 2006 Power Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/power2006-88185.

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The problem of operating power stations with the highest possible availability has become more and more important in recent years, the layout of a power station obviously has a decisive influence in this respect. The present paper is specifically concerned with the reliability assessment of large thermal power stations. It provides significant insights in the optimization of power stations layouts. The application of generator circuit-breakers for the switching of generators at their terminal voltage offers many advantages when compared with the unit connection such as lower first costs, simpl
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Radulescu, Victorita. "Numerical Modeling and Prediction of the Significant Parameters for Wind Monitoring." In ASME 2019 2nd International Offshore Wind Technical Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/iowtc2019-7518.

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Abstract Romania has a high wind potential, representing more than 14,000 MW. After significant investments of over 5 billion euros made starting 2010, many wind farms were developed in regions with efficient potential, from the South-East part of the country. Nowadays, in January 2018, in Romania were registered 3025 MW produced by wind energy, representing around 30% of the total generated energy. To establish the efficient areas for future wind power plants a massive campaign of wind’s monitoring was developed, in the entire country. The paper presents a solution of the numerical modeling f
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Jahnig, C. E. "Gas Turbine Uses Coal Fuel With Indirect Heat Transfer via Circulating Ceramic Beads." In ASME 1986 International Gas Turbine Conference and Exhibit. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/86-gt-22.

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This paper defines a gas turbine power system in which the heat from coal combustion is transferred to a clean working gas by contact with a recirculated stream of hot ceramic beads. The beads are first heated by direct contact in a pressurized coal combustion zone and then the hot beads are separated, freed of coal ash and contacted directly with a pressurized gas such as air going to a gas turbine. Separate zones are used for combustion and for contact with the clean gas to be heated, and these two zones are kept separated by an intermediate column of beads at each transfer point. Similar te
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Hiç, Özlen. "A Summary of the Developments Regarding the Economic Regime Implemented in Developed and Developing Countries." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00685.

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Since the developments regarding the economic regime in developed countries follow a different path as opposed to those in developing countries, in this article, these two groups of countries will be examined separately. Priority will be given to investigating the economic regime in developed countries due to historical and theoretical reasons. Today, both in developed and developing countries the economic activities basically are taken up by the private sector; nevertheless the government contributes to these activities through intervention, guidance, protectionism, and investment. Still the
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Mazumder, Anisha, and Arunabha Sen. "Influence Propagation in Competitive Scenario: Winning with Least Amount of Investment in Separated Threshold Model." In 2018 IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cdc.2018.8618661.

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10

Xu, Yujie, Hongguang Jin, Rumou Lin, and Wei Han. "System Study on Partial Gasification Combined Cycle With CO2 Recovery." In ASME Turbo Expo 2006: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2006-91105.

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Abstract:
A partial gasification combined cycle with CO2 recovery is proposed in this paper. Partial gasification adopts cascade conversion of the composition of coal. Active composition of coal is simply gasified, while inactive composition, that is char, is burnt in a boiler. Oxy-fuel combustion of syngas produces only CO2 and H2O, so the CO2 can be separated through cooling the working fluid. This decreases the amount of energy consumed to separate CO2 compared with conventional methods. The novel system integrates the above two key technologies, by injecting steam from a steam turbine into the combu
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Reports on the topic "Separate investments"

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Arce, Eliécer, and Edgar A. Robles. Fiscal Rules and the Behavior of Public Investment in Costa Rica and Panama: Towards Growth-Friendly Fiscal Policy? Inter-American Development Bank, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003071.

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This paper aims to provide evidence on the effects of fiscal rules on public investment, fiscal results and growth in Costa Rica and Panama. First, we find that the budget formulation process and the political economy behind the adoption and compliance of fiscal rules explain that Panama has a bias to create and sequentially pile up rules, while Costa Rica has a tendency not to comply with them. Second, a retrospective analysis of the 2018 fiscal rules in both nations finds asymmetric effects on the fiscal results. In Panama it is difficult to separate the effect of fiscal rule designs on publ
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