Relevant bibliographies by topics / Shadow sector

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Shadow sector'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 28 May 2022
Last updated: 30 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Shadow sector"

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Bradul, Alexander, and Vira Shepeliuk. "DETECTION AND PREVENTION OF SHADOW ACTIVITY OF ENTERPRISES IN THE MODERN ECONOMY OF UKRAINE." ECONOMICS, FINANCE AND MANAGEMENT REVIEW, no. 3 (October 1, 2020): 50–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.36690/2674-5208-2020-3-50.

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Shadow economy is a rather ambiguous and multifaceted concept. The shadow sector includes a variety of illegal activities as well as legal but unofficial or not formally recorded. The presence of shadow economic activity becomes a real problem for government regulation, especially in conditions of significant shocks, as it reduces fiscal potential, distorts development indicators and complicates any analytical conclusions about the state of the economic system. The purpose of the article is to highlight the theoretical foundations of the shadow economy, analyze the shadow sector of the Ukraini
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Fedotov, Dmitry Yu. "Assessment of the impact of the tax burden on the formation of sectoral features of the shadow economy of Russia." Tyumen State University Herald. Social, Economic, and Law Research 6, no. 1 (2020): 216–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.21684/2411-7897-2020-6-1-216-230.

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This article examines the degree of influence of the tax burden on the formation of the shadow economy in Russia in the context of types of economic activity. The perspectives of various authors were taken into consideration when discussing that taxes have the greatest impact on the desire of taxpayers to “go into the shadows”. The author has studied various methods of measuring the value of the shadow economy used in the contemporary research. He presents the analysis of scales of shadow economy of Russia in 2011-2017 with application of various methods. Using the method measuring the share o
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Varfolomeeva, V. A. "Assessing the problems of the shadow economy in Russia." Entrepreneur’s Guide 17, no. 4 (2024): 110–13. https://doi.org/10.24182/2073-9885-2024-17-4-110-113.

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The purpose of writing the article is to systematize the problems of the shadow sector in Russia. The methodological basis was: static analysis, scientific works and periodicals in the field of the shadow sector. The article evaluates and analyzes the reasons for the existence of shadow financial flows. The author examines informal employment in more detail as one of the main problems of the shadow sector. The author points out that the shadow economy is not able to create attractive conditions for entrepreneurs. A static analysis of the shadow market was conducted. The article provides recomm
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Barth, James R., Tong Li, Wen Shi, and Pei Xu. "China’s shadow banking sector: beneficial or harmful to economic growth?" Journal of Financial Economic Policy 7, no. 4 (2015): 421–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfep-07-2015-0043.

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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine recent developments pertaining to China’s shadow banking sector. Shadow banking has the potential not only to be a beneficial contributor to continued economic growth, but also to contribute to systematic instability if not properly monitored and regulated. An assessment is made in this paper as to whether shadow banking is beneficial or harmful to China’s economic growth. Design/methodology/approach – The authors start with providing an overview of shadow banking from a global perspective, with information on its recent growth and importance i
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Yakovleva, A. S., and E. G. Lyubovtseva. "Tax policy impact on shadow economy." Vestnik Universiteta, no. 1 (March 2, 2022): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26425/1816-4277-2022-1-109-116.

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The article examines the relationship between tax policy and the shadow economy. The tax burden was chosen as a tax policy indicator; the shadow economy is assessed using the Rosstat methodology. When comparing the tax burden in the country as a whole and the shadow economy volumes, a decrease in the shadow economy indicators was noted with a relatively high tax burden. When comparing the shadow economy and the tax burden by economic activity types, an insignificant relationship between the studied indicators was revealed, however, in some sectors of the economy, a feedback was noted. The intr
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Besstremyannaya, G. "Unified Social Tax Reform and Shadow Sector in Healthcare and Education." Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 6 (June 20, 2006): 107–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2006-6-107-119.

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The paper studies the interdependence between unified social tax decrease and the evolution of shadow output and shadow prices in healthcare and education. The shadow economy is regarded as the combination of purely shadow activity as well as informal labor within official economy. The analysis shows that although in healthcare lowering of the unified social tax rate causes the decrease of shadow output, in education, on the contrary, the growth of shadow production is registered. If the decrease of unified social tax is accompanied by the rise in personal income tax rate, the economy faces co
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Severukhin, Kirill Valeryevich. "Development of the shadow economy in the construction sector during the pandemic." KANT 42, no. 2 (2022): 53–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.24923/2222-243x.2022-42.9.

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The purpose of the study is to analyze the scale of development of the shadow economy in the construction sector during the pandemic. The article presents the dynamics of shadow financial transactions in the construction industry in the period 2020-2021. The scientific novelty lies in forecasting the development potential of the shadow economy in a pandemic, including the construction sector of the economy. As a result, it was revealed that in the structure of the branches of the Russian economy that formed the demand for shadow financial services during the pandemic, the construction sector i
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Topunova, Irina R., Zarema N. Yagumova, and Kamil Z. Mukhamedzyanov. "SHADOW SECTOR ECONOMY: IMPACT OF THE INFORMAL ECONOMY ON THE STATE TAX BASE." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 2/8, no. 155 (2025): 139–46. https://doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2025.02.08.017.

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The study is devoted to the analysis of the shadow economy and its impact on the state tax base. The main forms of the informal sector are considered, including tax evasion, unofficial employment and concealment of income, and the financial losses of the budget due to the reduction in tax revenues are estimated. The reasons for business going into the shadows are analyzed, including a high tax burden, administrative barriers and corruption factors. The economic consequences of shadow activity are considered, including the deformation of the competitive environment, a decrease in investment and
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Poltorak, A., M. Kazemyrchyk, and A. Polishchuk. "Priority Threats to Financial Security in the conditions of the Modern Economy Transformation." Modern Economics 24, no. 1 (2020): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/modecon.v24(2020)-25.

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Abstract. Introduction. The shadow economy is one of the main threats to the financial security of the state. Strengthening Ukraine’s economy is impossible without reducing the level of shadowing. Official data show that at the beginning of 2020 more than a quarter of GDP is in the shadows, but the real level of shadowing, in our opinion, is much higher. Purpose. The aim of the article is to deepen the theoretical and methodological foundations of substantiation of priority threats to financial security in the conditions of transformation processes in the modern economy, clarification of the o
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Svazas, Mantas, Valentinas Navickas, Yuriy Bilan, and László Vasa. "The Features of the Shadow Economy Impact’ on Biomass Energy Sector." Energies 15, no. 8 (2022): 2932. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15082932.

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The shadow economy is a significant factor in impoverishing the economies of countries and unequal operating and competitive conditions distort the market economy system, as opaque parallel activities impoverish socially responsible business units. The biomass energy sector faces this risk because the biomass supply chain is not yet fully secure and balanced. The study conducted by the authors showed that the manifestations of the shadow economy in the biomass energy sector are possible in the biomass production and transportation sub-sectors. Lack of digitization and poor resource management
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Shadow sector"

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Федоренко, А. А., та І. М. Коляденко. "Тіньовий сектор та його вплив на економіку". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/66812.

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Мета дослідження - проаналізувати сутність феномену тіньової економіки, визначити причини виникнення та розвитку системних тенденцій її тінізації, визначити перспективні напрямки зниження рівня тінізації економіки, дослідити ризики теми стосовно розвитку державних фінансів, розглянути норми правового кодексу в межах питання тіньової економіки, проаналізувати дослідження науковців спрямованих на подолання тіньової економіки, розглянути масштаб тіньового сектора в межах України.
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van, Schoubroeck Lesley. "Gallop's Government: Strengthening Coordination in the Shadow of History." Thesis, Griffith University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366718.

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This thesis sets the Gallop Labor government in Western Australian during the period 2001 to 2005 in its historic context. It seeks to understand the capacity that Gallop had to deliver on promises for a more coordinated agenda in the light of community, political and public sector expectations. In doing so, it examines his capacity from three perspectives: the leadership environment, the actors around him and the structures and routines he was able to use. Despite their best intentions, the capacity of all leaders is shaped by expectations and the structures and routines that they inherit. On
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Marklund, Per-Olov. "Essays on Productive Efficiency, Shadow Prices, and Human Capital." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-201.

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Jia, Mo (Maggie). "Housing market, banking sector and macroeconomy in China." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/279056.

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This thesis contains three main parts. In the first part, we adapt a model developed for the US economy to the unique Chinese economic and institutional context. The uniqueness is mainly from two perspectives: the dual-channel housing financing system in China and the existence of the shadow banking sector (which differs from the shadow banking in developed economies) in China’s housing market. It would be difficult to obtain a clear picture of the Chinese housing market and macroeconomy without a thorough understanding of these two characteristics. This is due to the crucial role played by sh
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Кислий, Володимир Миколайович, Владимир Николаевич Кислый, Volodymyr Mykolaiovych Kyslyi та В. В. Кубатко. "Проблеми визначення впливу тіньвого сектору економіки на довкілля". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26677.

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Saleh, Iraj, of Western Sydney Macarthur University, Faculty of Business and Technology, and Department of Economics and Finance. "The shadow pricing of labour in cost benefit analysis of infrastructure projects : theory and application to Sydney's second airport project." THESIS_FBT_EFI_Saleh_I.xml, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/100.

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In project appraisal of infrastructure projects, cost benefit analysis has an important role. One of the central concerns is to adjust the distortions in markets to provide a better guide to a more effective allocation of scarce resources. The objectives of this thesis are : to establish the lack of a comprehensive estimation of the shadow wage rate (SWR) in most project appraisals in the Australian context; to develop a model for the estimation of the SWR for groups of occupations; to estimate the SWRs for the major groups of occupations in Australia; to forecast the number of employees requi
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Ndlovu, Sinqobile Sichelesile. "Circumstantial social entrepreneurship: Exploring inclusive, social innovation in the transition from shadow to mainstream economic spaces. A case study of informal sector recycling activities in Bulawayo, Zimbabwe." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/28401.

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As global solid waste management systems evolve to include wider elements of sustainability, developing countries are struggling with how best to work with a growing informal sector. This research seeks to investigate how developing country mainstream solid waste management systems can harness the opportunities presented through the informal recycling sector. This research explores the dialogue around „formalisation of the informal‟ and „integration of informal recycling sector into mainstream solid waste management systems‟, approaching this from an informal sector perspective. The research e
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Saleh, Iraj. "The shadow pricing of labour in cost benefit analysis of infrastructure projects : theory and application to Sydney's second airport project." Thesis, [Campbelltown, N.S.W. : The Author], 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:100.

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In project appraisal of infrastructure projects, cost benefit analysis has an important role. One of the central concerns is to adjust the distortions in markets to provide a better guide to a more effective allocation of scarce resources. The objectives of this thesis are : to establish the lack of a comprehensive estimation of the shadow wage rate (SWR) in most project appraisals in the Australian context; to develop a model for the estimation of the SWR for groups of occupations; to estimate the SWRs for the major groups of occupations in Australia; to forecast the number of employees requi
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Ankarhem, Mattias. "Bioenergy, pollution, and economic growth." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Umeå University, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-530.

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Wagner, Christina. "Dynamic efficiency under uncertainty." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Lebenswissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17242.

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Der Milchsektor ist einer der bedeutendsten landwirtschaftlichen Sektoren in der Europäischen Union. Seit die Reformen der Gemeinsamen Agrarpolitik 2005 in Kraft traten, wurde der Markt stark liberalisiert und ist durch zunehmende Preisschwankungen gekennzeichnet. Für die Michviehbetriebe ist dies eine Herausforderung, denn Faktorpreisunsicherheit ist eng mit den betrieblichen Entscheidungsprozessen für die optimale langfristige Nutzung der Produktionsfaktoren verbunden. Ein weitreichender Teil der Literatur analysiert den Zusammenhang zwischen Betriebsgröße oder Betriebsführung und ökonomisch
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Books on the topic "Shadow sector"

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Stephen, Smith. Britain's shadow economy. Oxford University Press, 1986.

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Reuter, Peter. Estimating the shadow economy. Rand Corp., 1985.

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Rutgaĭzer, V. M. The shadow economy in the USSR. Edited by Grossman Gregory, Treml Vladimir G, WEFA Group, and Berkeley-Duke Project on the Second Economy in the USSR. WEFA Group, 1991.

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Schneider, Friedrich. Public policy and the shadow economy. 2nd ed. Chambers of Commerce and Industry South Africa, 2005.

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1961-, Williams Colin C., ed. The shadow economy. Institute of Economic Affairs, 2013.

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Smith, Alasdair. Public sector shadow prices in distorted general equilibrium models. Centre for Economic Policy Research, 1985.

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Viby, Mogensen Gunnar, ed. The shadow economy in Denmark 1994: Measurement and results. Rockwool Foundation Research Unit, 1995.

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Dreher, Axel. Corruption and the shadow economy: An empirical analysis. IZA, 2006.

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Dominik, Enste, ed. The shadow economy: An international survey. Cambridge University Press, 2002.

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Torgler, Benno. Shadow economy, tax morale, governance and institutional quality: A panel analysis. IZA, 2007.

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Book chapters on the topic "Shadow sector"

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Reeve-Lewis, Ben. "The shadow private rented sector examined." In Regulating the Privately Rented Housing Sector. Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003246534-7.

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Shumilina, Vera, and Ellina Matyushova. "SHADOW LABOR MARKET IN RUSSIA." In Problems of the labor market of the Russian Federation and its legal support in the context of economic recession and pandemic. AUS PUBLISHERS, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.26526/chapter_60252bdedceb48.96999484.

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The chapter provides information on the essence of employment in the shadow sector of the Russian economy, on the threats of the shadow labor market, the reasons for its occurrence and correlation with the real sector of the country's economy.
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Šedivcová, Lada, and Martin Potančok. "Shadow IT Management Concept for Public Sector." In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing. Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-37632-1_6.

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Ginsburgh, V., Ph Michel, F. Padoa Schioppa, and P. Pestieau. "Macroeconomic Policy in the Presence of an Irregular Sector." In The Economics of the Shadow Economy. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-88408-5_12.

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Jensen, Christian, Staffan Johansson, and Mikael Löfström. "Project Management in the Shadow of Public Human Services 1." In The Projectification of the Public Sector. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315098586-7.

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Maya Llano, Natalia, Juan Camilo Domínguez Cardona, Juan Sebastián Flórez Herrera, Catalina Puerta Henao, and Adriana Rudling. "1.Truth and Reparations." In Being in Shadow and Light. Open Book Publishers, 2025. https://doi.org/10.11647/obp.0427.01.

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Colombia is the home of one of the most complex and ambitious transitional justice projects to date. This chapter traces the background and relationship of the Commission for the Clarification of Truth, Coexistence and Non-repetition to that project, and the participation of the higher education sector in that extra-judicial truth-seeking mechanism established in 2018. The main focal point of this chapter is a conversation with four researchers, practitioners and memory activists who participated in this work in different capacities. Since this conversation took place nearly six months followi
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Drennan, Lynn T., Adina Dudau, Allan McConnell, and Alastair Stark. "Case study one: lesson learning in the shadow of the pandemic." In Risk and Crisis Management in the Public Sector, 3rd ed. Routledge, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003367499-10.

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Langfeldt, Enno. "Is a Growing Unobserved Sector Undermining Monetary Policy in the Federal Republic of Germany?" In The Economics of the Shadow Economy. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-88408-5_19.

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Habibullah, Muzafar Shah, Abdul Hamid Baharom, Badariah Haji Din, and Fumitaka Furuoka. "Mitigating Shadow Economy Through Dual Banking Sector Development in Malaysia." In Islamic Economies. Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-47937-8_4.

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Yamada, H., M. Nakamura, Y. Tomikawa, and M. Numata. "Ghost and Shadow Zone in Ultrasonic Sector Scan B-Mode Image." In Acoustical Imaging. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0791-4_78.

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Conference papers on the topic "Shadow sector"

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Yorgancılar, Fatma Nur, Haldun Soydal, and Bedriye Tunçsiper. "Banking in Shadow of Globalization." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c10.02031.

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The sector having the most important role among developedness indicators is financial sector. The most important and vulnerable part of this sector is banking system. Financial liberalization and relaxation in political approach, based on strict norms, following it, and increasing competition at sectorial level required the presence of supervision mechanisms. The rigid rules of supervision system under consideration led profit margin to fall gradually. Hence, alternative searches became a current issue in terms of the other actors of banks and banking system. These alternative ways, developed
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Kolesnikova, O. S., and O. A. Tsepelev. "TAX POTENTIAL OF THE SHADOW SECTOR OF ECONOMY OF THE REGION." In CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF RUSSIA AND CHINA. Amur State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/medprh.38.

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The paper analyzes the economic essence of the tax potential of the shadow sector of the regional economy. This indicator is calculated for the Amur Region. It has been established that a significant part of the tax payments of the Amur Region is concentrated in the shadow sector of the economy, however, the orientation towards optimal taxation will allow the region to increase the level of use of its tax potential.
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Гойгова, М. Г. "Statistical assessment of the shadow economy." In Международная научно-практическая конференция "НАУКА И ОБЩЕСТВО: ИНСТРУМЕНТЫ И РЕШЕНИЯ ГЛОБАЛЬНЫХ ПРОБЛЕМ СОВРЕМЕННОСТИ". Crossref, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.26118/3049.2024.33.75.005.

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В данной статье раскрывается сущность, структура и факторы развития теневой экономики, а также негативные последствия существования теневого сектора. Рассматриваются виды теневой экономики и их отличия. Особое внимание уделяется масштабам развития теневого сектора в социально-экономическом развития стран. This article reveals the essence, structure and factors of the development of the shadow economy, as well as the negative consequences of the existence of the shadow sector. The types of the shadow economy and their differences from each other are considered. Particular attention is paid to t
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Lashkhi, Mariam. "The Shadow Banking in Georgia." In V National Scientific Conference. Grigol Robakidze University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55896/978-9941-8-5764-5/2023-19-35.

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Shadow banking is an important component of many financial systems. Due to their role in transferring risks to the financial system, institutions operating within the shadow banking system require increased attention, as demonstrated by the recent global crisis. This paper aims to investigate the size and trend of the shadow banking sector in the context of financial stability in Georgia. For this purpose, an analysis of the financial sector of Georgia was conducted to study the activities of shadow banks and the potential risks related to their activities. The study uses FSB and ESRB methodol
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Home, Joseph, Amy Bidgood, and Sujala Kalipershad. "67 The junior doctor shadow board, lessons learned from the corporate sector." In Leaders in Healthcare 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/leader-2021-fmlm.67.

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Наталья, Паздникова. "SHADOW ECONOMY MANAGEMENT: MODERN DATA ANALYTICS." In MODERN CITY: POWER, GOVERNANCE, ECONOMICS. Publishing House of Perm National Research Polytechnic University, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15593/65.049-66/2020.25.

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The article demonstrates the analytical data system used in public administration. At the same time, indicators are reflected that today in this data system occupy key positions in assessing the level of the shadow sector in the economy. It is concluded that it is necessary to use modern digital technologies to identify the true reasons for the growth of the criminal component.
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Petrenko, E. A., and O. A. Tsepelev. "SHADOW SECTOR OF ECONOMY: CURRENT STATE AND POSSIBILITIES OF MONITORING AT THE REGIONAL LEVEL." In RUSSIA AND CHINA: A VECTOR OF DEVELOPMENT. Amur State University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/rc.2019.1.90.

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Bakhaev, Stepan, and Kari Smolander. "The Shadow in the Garden: Assumptions in Digital Identity Architecture for the Public Sector." In Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences. Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences, 2025. https://doi.org/10.24251/hicss.2025.261.

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Kasyan, A. V., and V. S. Istomin. "MECHANISMS FOR COUNTERING THE SHADOW ECONOMY AS A THREAT TO RUSSIA'S ECONOMIC SECURITY." In CONTEMPORARY ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF RUSSIA AND CHINA. Amur State University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22250/medprh.56.

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The article examines the characteristics of the shadow economy in modern Russia, the reasons and scale of the transition of the population to the informal sector, assesses the scale of criminalization of the country's economy, as well as ways to counter the shadow economy
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Ashimov, A. A., B. T. Sultanov, Z. M. Adiolov, Y. V. Borovskiy, T. B. Merekeshev, and As A. Ashimov. "Application of the Parametrical Regulation Theory for Reduction of the Effect of a Shadow Sector of Economy." In Modelling and Simulation. ACTAPRESS, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2010.697-022.

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Reports on the topic "Shadow sector"

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Llopis, Jimena, José Juan Ruiz, Umberto Muratori, and Alejandro Izquierdo. In Search of Larger Per Capita Incomes: How To Prioritize across Productivity Determinants? Inter-American Development Bank, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011725.

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This study is a first contribution to prioritization across productivity determinant capabilities that attempts to obtain the equivalent of a "shadow price" for each of these capabilities by estimating their impact on the success a country may have in reaching higher income per capita groups. The prioritization of these determinants-spanning different sectors-seems to be specific to the income per capita group to which a country belongs. Moreover, empirical estimates reveal that interactions among sectors matter for increasing the probability of climbing up the income-per-capita ladder, reflec
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2

Dixon, John A. Implementation Guideline: Economic Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) of Project Environmental Impacts and Mitigation Measures for Waste Water Treatment Projects (WWTPS). Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009105.

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The expansion of project analysis to incorporate the environmental effects of a project is a direct descendent of the development of project analysis. Traditional project Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA) was developed in the United States in the 1930s to analyze large public investments in the water sector. The goal of the analysis was a simple one: the analysis should demonstrate that projects produce positive net benefits over time; that is, the present value (PV) of benefits should exceed the present value of costs. During the next 50 years, analysts perfected the tools of traditional CBA, inclu
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Fawcett, Caroline S. Latin American Youth in Transition: A Policy Paper on Youth Unemployment in Latin America and the Caribbean. Inter-American Development Bank, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008409.

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This policy analysis looks at the economic relationships between sectors, where formal and informal sectors are intimately linked in terms of youth and adult workers, where skilled workers and their shortages exist throughout all sectors of the economy, and where downsizing and technical change shed large numbers of unskilled labor to the informal sector. Youth unemployment in Latin American and the Caribbean lives in the shadows of the broader labor market demand and wage dynamics, whereby youth unemployment is simply a fractured reflection of larger labor market issues. Moreover, the impact
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4

Theiss, T. J. Recommendations for the shallow-crack fracture toughness testing task within the HSST (Heavy-Section Steel Technology) Program. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6621545.

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5

Haeckel, Matthias, and Mark Schmidt. Assessing the risk of greenhouse gas emissions from abandoned wells, Cruise No. AL575, 27 JUNE 2022 – 13 JULY 2022, Kiel – Kiel, GEOSTOR leak. GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Germany, 2024. https://doi.org/10.3289/cr_al575.

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Cruise AL575 is fully embedded in the project GEOSTOR, which is part of the DAM mission “Marine Carbon Sinks in Decarbonization Pathways”. The investigations contribute to the assessment of the mechanisms and potential risks of CO2 leakage along boreholes drilled through the sedimentary overburden above subseafloor storage formations in the North Sea. A total of 50 abandoned wells were investigated in the British sector of the North Sea with the ship's single- and multi-beam echosounder systems, and at 4 selected boreholes showing hydroacoustic gas release the gases, water column and sediments
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6

Rivard, C. Characterization of shallow aquifers and assessment of potential impacts of oil and gas development activities on these aquifers in the Fox Creek area (AB) - October 2021 update. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329088.

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A multidisciplinary and multi-institutional project was initiated in the Fox Creek area (west-central Alberta) in April 2019 to study environmental impacts of hydrocarbon development activities. The initial objective was to specifically study potential impacts on shallow groundwater. However, different Sectors within NRCan later identified the Fox Creek area as a region of interest for developing regional cumulative effects evaluation methods in support of new impact assessment legislation. As a result, the scope is now much broader and the project includes studies of vegetation, forest, snow
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Hoy, Michael D. Herons and Egrets. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2017.7208742.ws.

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Herons and egrets commonly cause damage at aquaculture facilities and recreational fishing waters where fish are held at high densities. Fish-eating birds also can have an impact on intensively managed sport fisheries. Damage occurs when herons and egrets feed on fish purchased and released for recreational sport fishing activities. Values of these fish can be quite high given the intensity of management activities and the direct relationship of fishery quality to property value. Herons and egrets are freshwater or coastal birds of the family Ardeidae. Herons and egrets discussed in this secti
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8

Tweet, Justin, Holley Flora, Summer Weeks, Eathan McIntyre, and Vincent Santucci. Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument: Paleontological resource inventory (public version). National Park Service, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36967/nrr-2289972.

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Grand Canyon-Parashant National Monument (PARA) in northwestern Arizona has significant paleontological resources, which are recognized in the establishing presidential proclamation. Because of the challenges of working in this remote area, there has been little documentation of these resources over the years. PARA also has an unusual management situation which complicates resource management. The majority of PARA is administered by the Bureau of Land Management (BLM; this land is described here as PARA-BLM), while about 20% of the monument is administered by the National Park Service (NPS; th
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Rahmé, Marianne, and Alex Walsh. Corruption Challenges and Responses in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.093.

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The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) consistently scores in the lowest rungs of global indexes on corruption, integrity and wider governance standards. Indeed, corruption of different sorts pervades public and corporate life, with strong ramifications for human development. Although the DRC is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of natural resources, its people are among the globe’s poorest.Corruption in the extractive industries (minerals and oil) is particularly problematic in terms of scale and its centrality to a political economy that maintains elites and preserves th
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Kleber, Emily J., Greg M. McDonald, W. Adolph Yonkee, and Elizabegth Balgord Balgord. Interim Geologic Map of the Plain City Southwest 7.5' Quadrangle, Weber and Box Elder Counties, Utah. Utah Geological Survey, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.34191/ofr-765.

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The Plain City Southwest (SW) and Ogden Bay 7.5′ quadrangles are in Weber, Box Elder, and Davis Counties. The quadrangles include parts of the communities of Hooper, Warren, and Reese, the Harold Crane Waterfowl Management Area, several waterfowl wetlands, as well as the southwestern corner of Willard Bay Reservoir. The North Fork and South Fork of the Weber River f low south into the Ogden Bay Wildlife Management Area at the edge of Great Salt Lake. The northwestern part of the Ogden Bay quadrangle and the southwestern part of the Plain City SW quadrangle contain most of Little Mountain, a sm
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