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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Size of raindrops'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Kersey, Rachel Elaina. "THE SIZE OF A RAINDROP." UKnowledge, 2018. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/english_etds/79.

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The size of a raindrop is a middle-grade novel about a dandelion named Sterling and a little girl named Arianna who has a kidney disease which modern medicine and contemporary medical practices are failing to cure. The story examines a variety of political themes rising to the surface in our world today—race, gender, discrimination, colonialism and imperialism, genocide, healthcare, and more. It also explores existentialism through questions of life, purpose, and worth—questions which, ultimately are the real questions behind the political skirmishes of our time.

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2

Campos, Ortega Edwin F. "Measurements of raindrop size distributions by three different sensors." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0003/MQ44138.pdf.

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Campos, Edwin F. "Measurements of raindrop size distributions by three different sensors." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20810.

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Intercomparison among three sensors for ground-based measurement of DSD's are presented, the Joss-Waldvogel Distrometer (JWD), the Optical Spectro-Pluviometer (OSP), and the Precipitation Occurrence Sensor System (POSS). This is done in order to quantifying any systematic bias that can be identified in their measurements, and to evaluate a new data acquisition system developed for the JWD.<br>Data corresponding to stratiform, continental rain is analyzed, and a function (delta) is defined in order to provide a quantification of the relative differences between pairs of instruments. Significant

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4

Kozu, Toshiaki. "Estimation of Raindrop Size Distribution from Spaceborne Radar Measurement." Kyoto University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/198777.

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5

D'ADDERIO, Leo Pio. "Raindrop Size Distribution variability from high resolution disdrometer networks." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Ferrara, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11392/2389001.

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The characteristics of the raindrop size distribution (DSD) have been widely studied since Marshall and Palmer (1948) introduced specific version of exponential distribution for the observed size spectra, based on measurements of raindrops records on dyed filter papers. Across the decades, interest in measuring and studying rain DSD has grown due to applications in cloud physics studies, in calibration of space-borne and ground-based microwave active precipitation sensors and in soil science and agriculture. The study of DSD and of the processes that determine it, are always been challen

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6

Montanari, C. P. "The raindrop size distribution and applications to scattering and extinction." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339584.

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7

Pilon, Mark J. (Mark Joseph). "A numerical and observational study of bimodal surface raindrop size distributions /." Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66028.

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8

Fang, Fang. "RAINDROP SIZE DISTRIBUTION RETRIEVAL AND EVALUATION USING AN S-BAND RADAR PROFILER." Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2004. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/4498.

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Vertical pointing Doppler radar profilers are used to explore the vertical structure of precipitation cloud systems and to provide validation information for use in weather research. In this thesis, a theoretical radar rain-backscatter model was developed to simulate profiler Doppler spectra as a function of assumed rain parameters, of which the raindrop size distribution (DSD) is the fundamental quantity used to describe the characteristics of rain. Also, profiler observations during stratiform rain are analyzed to retrieve the corresponding rain DSD's. In particular, a gamma distribution mod

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9

Townsend, Adrian J. "A study of the raindrop size distribution and its effect on microwave attenuation." Thesis, University of Bath, 2011. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.538139.

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Current frequency allocations below Ku- band are becoming increasingly congested. The problem continues to grow as the use of telecommunications becomes more pop- ular. In order to compensate for increased in demand, telecommunication operating frequencies have to be raised, yielding larger channel capacity. However, raising the operating frequency has the adverse result of intensifying the attenuation effects of the troposphere. At high frequencies, such as V-band, rain is known to cause the most severe attenuation. It has been shown that model data for numerical weather prediction, combined

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10

Baheru, Thomas. "Development of Test-Based Wind-Driven Rain Intrusion Model for Hurricane-Induced Building Interior and Contents Damage." FIU Digital Commons, 2014. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/1127.

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Major portion of hurricane-induced economic loss originates from damages to building structures. The damages on building structures are typically grouped into three main categories: exterior, interior, and contents damage. Although the latter two types of damages, in most cases, cause more than 50% of the total loss, little has been done to investigate the physical damage process and unveil the interdependence of interior damage parameters. Building interior and contents damages are mainly due to wind-driven rain (WDR) intrusion through building envelope defects, breaches, and other functional

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11

Yu, Nan. "Précipitations méditerranéennes intenses -caractérisation microphysique et dynamique dans l'atmosphère et impacts au sol." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00773116.

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Cette étude propose une unification des formulations mono- et multi-moments de la distribution granulométrique des pluies (DSD pour " drop size distribution ") proposées dans la littérature dans le cadre des techniques de mise à l'échelle (scaling). On considère dans un premier temps que la DSD normalisée par la concentration en gouttes (Nt, moment d'ordre 0 de la DSD) peut s'écrire comme une fonction de densité de probabilité (ddp) du diamètre normalisé par un diamètre caractéristique (Dc). Cette ddp, notée g(x) avec x=D/Dc, aussi appelé distribution générale, semble être bien représentée par

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12

Alonge, Akintunde Ayodeji. "Correlation of rain dropsize distribution with rain rate derived from disdrometers and rain gauge networks in Southern Africa." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/8319.

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Natural phenomena such as rainfall are responsible for communication service disruption, leading to severe outages and bandwidth inefficiency in both terrestrial and satellite systems, especially above 10 GHz. Rainfall attenuation is a source of concern to radio engineers in link budgeting and is primarily related to the rainfall mechanism of absorption and scattering of millimetric signal energy. Therefore, the study of rainfall microstructure can serve as a veritable means of optimizing network parameters for the design and deployment of millimetric and microwave links. Rainfall rate and rai

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13

Tseng, Wei-ren, and 曾威仁. "Simulation of Raindrop Size Distribution:Verification using the Dual-polarization Radar." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86088359450160761331.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>大氣物理研究所<br>95<br>Along the long history of the microphysical model development, the distrometer is one of the main tools to verify the evolution of the raindrop size distribution from the model calculation. In this research, the advantages of the dual-polarization radar, such as, the greater spatial and temporal resolution, and the ability of retrieving the raindrop size distribution using the reflectivity (ZH) , differential reflectivity (ZDR), and a given μ - Λ relationship in the gamma form distribution. So, the major purpose of this research is to use radar data to confirm

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14

Dolman, Bronwyn Kaye. "Raindrop size distribution retrievals in the tropics and mid latitudes." Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/65561.

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Weather radar capabilities have improved dramatically over the last 50 years. Following World War II, surplus military radars were turned to the study of weather. Since then, they have evolved to the modern standard of rainfall estimations available to the general public in real time. Forecasters rely on weather radars not only for routine forecasting, but also for tracking rapidly evolving, potentially hazardous, severe weather events. These storms have the potential to cause flash floods and hence loss of crops, livestock, and human life. Most weather radars estimate rainfall by converting t

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15

Chen, Jen-Chieh, and 陳仁杰. "The attenuation of raindrop size and vegetation effect for Ka-band." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/29049876693392833099.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>太空科學研究所<br>93<br>With more and more applications in the wireless internet multimedia, the importance of terrestrial microwave communication should be studied and investigated. However, most people tend to apply the frequency in Ka-band (26-40GHz) for the lack of the useful spectra. But the region of Ka-band is sensitive to be influenced by the environment, when it transferred in the atmosphere, especially for the attenuation by the rain or the vegetations. In this study, we will discuss some effects of them. The prediction of rain attenuation due to rain is considered the EM wa

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16

WU, YI-YU, and 吳益裕. "Laboratory study of rainfall simulator, raindrop size distributions and fall velocity." Thesis, 1992. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/80166603632327305548.

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17

Wu, I.-yun, and 吳藝昀. "Raindrop Size Distributions in Taiwan and Revision of the Isoerodent Map." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26966766145663664619.

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碩士<br>國立中興大學<br>土木工程學系<br>92<br>The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) is the most widely used method for the soil erosion prediction at present. The main objective of this study was to modify the rainfall erosion index of the USLE for the application in Taiwan. The raindrop size distributions in Keelung, Hualien, Hsinchu and Chiayi were analyzed based on the natural rainfall data collected with the stain method. By combining the research results obtained previously, the relationships among median raindrop diameter, kinetic energy of rainfall and rainfall intensity for different rain types

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18

Jung, Chi-June Ultimate, and 鍾吉俊. "Characteristics of Raindrop Size Distribution and Structure of Warm Season Precipitation." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64035439958189176841.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>大氣科學研究所<br>100<br>In Taiwan, complicate rainfall process and distribution produced by the interaction of terrain and subtropical weather systems. Rain gauges are limited and non-uniform distributed in the mountains, and radar has the ability to provide higher time and space resolution of the precipitation system then quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) is proceeded. However, non-uniform vertical profile of reflectivity (VPR) and beam blockage due to complex topography could result in the underestimation of reflectivity. To understand the precipitation characteristics ne

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19

Lin, Yi-Fan, and 林逸凡. "Raindrop-size Distribution for the Prediction of Rain Attenuation in Ka Band." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77761589838646037648.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>太空科學研究所<br>92<br>Abstract: The rapid growth in demand for additional communication capacity has put pressure on engineers to develop microwave systems operating at higher frequencies. Many people tend to choice the Ka-band (26-40 GHz) for the applications. It turns out, however, that frequencies above 10 GHz attenuation caused by atmospheric particles can reduce the reliability and performance of radar and space communication links. Such particles include oxygen, ice crystals, rain ,fog, and snow. Prediction of the effect of these precipitates on the performance of a system bec

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20

Chen, Chao-Hsin, and 陳朝信. "An Investigation of Raindrop Size Distribution using the Chung-Li VHF Radar." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g25cjv.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>太空科學研究所<br>97<br>Because the precipitation particles will attenuate electromagnetic wave propagating in the atmosphere, the study of their characteristic is very important, especially for DSD (Drop Size Distribution) in the air. To investigate the variation of the DSD with the height and the relation between the precipitation terminal velocity and the backscattering echo power of raindrop, the precipitation terminal velocity, the backscattering echo power of raindrop in the air and the rain fall rate, gamma DSD in the ground separately from the Chung-Li 52MHz VHF radar and the

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21

Chiang, Yu-chen, and 蔣育真. "Comparison Studies on the Characteristic of Raindrop Size Distribution During 2009 Taiwan Mei-yu Season." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58177097409933664500.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>大氣物理研究所<br>98<br>This Study used 2009 SoWMEX (Southwest Monsoon Experiment) data, form June 3 to June 14,to investigate precipitating physical property. There are five Joss-Waldvogel disdrometers located at NCU, Hsiayun, Douliu, Chiayi, Alishan to observe DSD characteristics in 2009 Mei-yu season. Joss-Waldvogel disdrometer always underestimate small raindrop In heavy rain events. This study used Dead Time Correction to revise all observation data when rainfall rate over 20mm/hr to improve this underestimation problem. The DSD analysis result shows no matter how rainfall r

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22

ZHANG, YI-XIN, and 張宜信. "Raindrop size distribution of natural rainfall in Taipei area and its relationship with rainfall intensity." Thesis, 1990. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/63111958664489437033.

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23

Lee, Meng-Tze, and 李孟澤. "Microphysical characteristics of raindrop size distribution in different seasons and precipitation type in Northern Taiwan." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/42506095913682479673.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>大氣科學學系<br>104<br>Drop size distribution (DSD) is a metric widely used in meteorology and hydrology. Taiwan is located in a subtropical monsoon area in the west Pacific Ocean off the coast of East Asia. Enormous quantities of rainfall during the transition season often cause flooding and mudslides. Accurate rainfall prediction can help to alleviate the effects of such rainfall events. DSD varies with regard to the type of rain as well as its spatial distribution. Radar reflectivity-rate of rainfall (Z-R) relations are strongly dependent on DSD variations, which means that it is

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24

Ciou, Liang-Yu, and 邱亮瑜. "Measurement of Raindrop Size Distribution and Evaluation of Rainfall Kinetic Energy in Northern Taiwan Using Disdrometer." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77728687315148234008.

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碩士<br>國立臺灣大學<br>生物環境系統工程學研究所<br>104<br>The equation for evaluating rainfall kinetic energy currently used in Taiwan is not derived from the local rainfall data. Because rainfall kinetic energy is quite related to the region, it is necessary to develop an equation of rainfall kinetic energy for each area. The main purposes of this study are to measure the rain drop size distribution in northern Taiwan using disdrometer and to establish the equation for evaluating rainfall kinetic energy using the measured data. In this study, the data of rainfall and rain drop size distribution collected at thr

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25

SEELA, BALAJI KUMAR, and 西拉. "Raindrop size distribution (RSD) characteristics and their applications in different precipitating clouds over Indo-Pacific region." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/w7y8r7.

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博士<br>國立中央大學<br>國際研究生博士學位學程<br>107<br>Abstract Raindrop size distribution (RSD) has significant implications meteorology, hydrology, remote-sensing, radio-wave communication and in hydrology. In this thesis an attempt has been made to comprehend RSD characteristics of seasonal, and tropical cyclones rainfall at different observational sites located in Indo-Pacific region as well as to assess the rainfall erosivity for Taiwan region that was induced due to tropical cyclones (also called typhoons). To achieve the above mentioned goals, a wide range of ground-based (disdrometers, radars and rain

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Adetan, Oluwumi. "Modeling of raindrop size distribution and critical diameters for rainfall attenuation over microwave links in Southern Africa." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11220.

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The inability of service providers to constantly meet the design target of 99.99 % availability of the line-of-sight (LOS) microwave links has caused concern among both the operators and consumers. The non-availability of the links is predominantly due to propagation impairments along the propagation link. These propagation effects include cloud, snow, fog, gas attenuation, rain and atmospheric scintillation. Various studies have shown high vulnerability of radio communication systems operating at microwave (3-30 GHz) and millimeter wave (30-300 GHz) to rainfall attenuation especially in the t

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27

Chen, Ying-jhen, and 陳盈臻. "Comparison Studies on the Observation of Raindrop Size Distribution in Strong Precipitation Frontal Case in Northern Taiwan." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/15006683233068224562.

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碩士<br>國立中央大學<br>大氣物理研究所<br>101<br>In the nighttime of 11th June 2012, a mature Mai-Yu front passed through the northern Taiwan. The extreme rainfall event caused multiple areas flooding. In order to investigate the characteristic of drop size distribution (DSD) accompanied with this heavy rainfall event, we used JWD, Parsivel and 2DVD collocated at NCU, and three JWDs in FeiCui, NanGang and XiaYung to investigate the frontal precipitation. In order to get the complete data, my discussion is organized as follows: Part 1 is focused on the weak precipitation period. Part 2 is focused on the stron

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28

Malinga, Senzo Jerome. "Determination of millimetric signal attenuation due to rain using rain rate and raindrop size distribution models for Southern Africa." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/11206.

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The advantages offered by Super High Frequency (SHF) and Extremely High Frequency (EHF) bands such as large bandwidth, small antenna size, and easy installation or deployment have motivated the interest of researchers to study those factors that prevent optimum utilization of these bands. Under precipitation conditions, factors such as clouds, hail, fog, snow, ice crystals and rain degrade link performance. Rain fade, however, remains the dominant factor in the signal loss or signal fading over satellite and terrestrial links especially in the tropical and sub-tropical regions within which Sou

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