Academic literature on the topic 'Skeleton bone'

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Journal articles on the topic "Skeleton bone"

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Mandal, Prabir, Noor Islam, and Anita Mandal. "Skeletal and Metabolic Bone Disorders with special reference to African Americans." Clinical Orthopaedics and Trauma Care 3, no. 1 (2021): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2694-0248/012.

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The human skeleton is living tissue that is either growing or being renewed. Our understanding of the pathogenesis of bone disorders has progressed considerably over the past 37 years. A large number of genetic and developmental disorders affect the skeleton. Rare bone diseases account for 5% of all birth defects. The skeletal dysplasias are inherited in an autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, X-linked recessive, and X-linked dominant, and Y-linked manner.
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Tanaka, Nariki, Hiroshi Kera, and Kazuhiko Kawamoto. "Adversarial Bone Length Attack on Action Recognition." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 36, no. 2 (2022): 2335–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v36i2.20132.

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Skeleton-based action recognition models have recently been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial attacks. Compared to adversarial attacks on images, perturbations to skeletons are typically bounded to a lower dimension of approximately 100 per frame. This lower-dimensional setting makes it more difficult to generate imperceptible perturbations. Existing attacks resolve this by exploiting the temporal structure of the skeleton motion so that the perturbation dimension increases to thousands. In this paper, we show that adversarial attacks can be performed on skeleton-based action recognition m
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Iwaniec, Urszula T., and Russell T. Turner. "Influence of body weight on bone mass, architecture and turnover." Journal of Endocrinology 230, no. 3 (2016): R115—R130. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/joe-16-0089.

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Weight-dependent loading of the skeleton plays an important role in establishing and maintaining bone mass and strength. This review focuses on mechanical signaling induced by body weight as an essential mechanism for maintaining bone health. In addition, the skeletal effects of deviation from normal weight are discussed. The magnitude of mechanical strain experienced by bone during normal activities is remarkably similar among vertebrates, regardless of size, supporting the existence of a conserved regulatory mechanism, or mechanostat, that senses mechanical strain. The mechanostat functions
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Wu, Jianyao, Sofia Movérare-Skrtic, Anna E. Börjesson, et al. "Enzalutamide Reduces the Bone Mass in the Axial But Not the Appendicular Skeleton in Male Mice." Endocrinology 157, no. 2 (2015): 969–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2015-1566.

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Abstract Testosterone is a crucial regulator of the skeleton, but the role of the androgen receptor (AR) for the maintenance of the adult male skeleton is unclear. In the present study, the role of the AR for bone metabolism and skeletal growth after sexual maturation was evaluated by means of the drug enzalutamide, which is a new AR antagonist used in the treatment of prostate cancer patients. Nine-week-old male mice were treated with 10, 30, or 100 mg/kg·d of enzalutamide for 21 days or were surgically castrated and were compared with vehicle-treated gonadal intact mice. Although orchidectom
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Simangunsong, Yandri R. N., Savitri Novelina, Supratikno Supratikno, et al. "Karakteristik Morfofungsi Skelet Ekstremitas Kaki Soa Layar (Hydrosaurus amboinensis)." JURNAL BIOLOGI PAPUA 15, no. 1 (2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.31957/jbp.2575.

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The Sailfin lizard is a lizard that has a semi-aquatic life and has a sail fin on its tail. These lizards can be found in habitats close to water such as rivers, lakes, and estuaries of mangrove forests. This study aimed to observe the morphofunctional characteristic of the appendicular skeleton of Sailfin Lizard (Hydrosaurus amboinensis), associated with their function and behavior. The appendicular skeleton of the Sailfin lizard was studied morphofunctional by observing and measuring the bones that make up the extremities. The naming of bones and their parts is based on the Nomina Anatomica
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Jannat, N., R. Islam, and N. Sultana. "Preparing and Presenting a Pigeon Skeleton for Gross Anatomical Study Using Boiling Maceration Method: A Quick and Effective Method." American Journal of Life Science and Innovation 2, no. 1 (2023): 26–32. https://doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v2i1.1269.

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The study’s main objective was to prepare and display the pigeon skeleton using a practical and effective approach. Two matured domestic pigeons (Columba livia), aged 8 months old were purchased from local market, Gazipur sadar, Bangladesh for this purpose. This experiment was carried out in the department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh, in January 2021. The birds were first killed by being injected with MgSO4 directly into the hearts. After dead, they were peele
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Warden, Stuart J., Alexander G. Robling, Megan S. Sanders, Michael M. Bliziotes, and Charles H. Turner. "Inhibition of the Serotonin (5-Hydroxytryptamine) Transporter Reduces Bone Accrual during Growth." Endocrinology 146, no. 2 (2005): 685–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2004-1259.

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Abstract Selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) antagonize the serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine) transporter (5-HTT), and are frequently prescribed to children and adolescents to treat depression. However, recent findings of functional serotonergic pathways in bone cells and preliminary clinical evidence demonstrating detrimental effects of SSRIs on bone growth have raised questions regarding the effects of these drugs on the growing skeleton. The current work investigated the impact of 5-HTT inhibition on the skeleton in: 1) mice with a null mutation in the gene encoding for the 5-HTT;
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Jannat, Nure, R. Islam, and N. Sultana. "Preparing and Presenting a Pigeon Skeleton for Gross Anatomical Study Using Boiling Maceration Method: A Quick and Effective Method." American Journal of Life Science and Innovation 2, no. 1 (2023): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.54536/ajlsi.v2i1.1269.

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The study’s main objective was to prepare and display the pigeon skeleton using a practical and effective approach. Two matured domestic pigeons (Columba livia), aged 8 months old were purchased from local market, Gazipur sadar, Bangladesh for this purpose. This experiment was carried out in the department of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science in Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Agricultural University, Gazipur, Bangladesh, in January 2021. The birds were first killed by being injected with MgSO4 directly into the hearts. After dead, they were peeled usin
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HUBER, STEFAN, and MARTIN HELD. "A FAST STRAIGHT-SKELETON ALGORITHM BASED ON GENERALIZED MOTORCYCLE GRAPHS." International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 22, no. 05 (2012): 471–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218195912500124.

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This paper deals with the fast computation of straight skeletons of planar straight-line graphs (PSLGs) at an industrial-strength level. We discuss both the theoretical foundations of our algorithm and the engineering aspects of our implementation Bone. Our investigation starts with an analysis of the triangulation-based algorithm by Aichholzer and Aurenhammer and we prove the existence of flip-event-free Steiner triangulations. This result motivates a careful generalization of motorcycle graphs such that their intimate geometric connection to straight skeletons is maintained. Based on the gen
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Elefteriou, Florent. "Impact of the Autonomic Nervous System on the Skeleton." Physiological Reviews 98, no. 3 (2018): 1083–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/physrev.00014.2017.

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It is from the discovery of leptin and the central nervous system as a regulator of bone remodeling that the presence of autonomic nerves within the skeleton transitioned from a mere histological observation to the mechanism whereby neurons of the central nervous system communicate with cells of the bone microenvironment and regulate bone homeostasis. This shift in paradigm sparked new preclinical and clinical investigations aimed at defining the contribution of sympathetic, parasympathetic, and sensory nerves to the process of bone development, bone mass accrual, bone remodeling, and cancer m
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Skeleton bone"

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Van, Greunen Francois. "Microcomputer-assisted diagnosis of inherited disorders of the skeleton." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25754.

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Several hundred inherited disorders of the skeleton have been delineated. Individually these conditions are rare, but as a group they cause much crippling and hardship. Several factors, including the rarity and complexity of the manifestations of these conditions, as well as semantic overlap, impede the accurate diagnosis which is essential for effective treatment. In this regard, the adoption of microcomputers warrants evaluation as a high technology aid. Microcomputers have developed tremendous capabilities during recent years. The state of the art has become such that a diagnostic aid facil
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Bell, Lynne Sevon. "Post mortem microstructural change to the skeleton." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1317796/.

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The microstructural impact of diagenetic or post mortem alteration has been assessed in predominately human skeletal tissues. The method of assessment selected was microscopical analysis, mainly using backscattered electron imaging in a scanning electron microscope and, to a lesser extent, confocal reflection microscopy. The microstructural morphologies of post mortem alteration were investigated in archaeological material, both normal and pathological, from terrestrial and marine contexts. Further studies were undertaken on a case-by-case basis on skeletal material which offered some unique p
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Hillam, Richard A. "Response of bone to mechanical load and alterations in circulating hormones." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/e7ed9f37-c675-4d8a-b2cf-049f079d142e.

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Dobie, Ross. "Mechanisms of GH action on the skeleton : role of SOCS2." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/21045.

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Determining the mechanisms by which growth hormone (GH) enhances bone growth and development has proven difficult. GH can act either systemically via the stimulation of liver insulin like growth factor (IGF)-1, or locally via activation of the GH receptor (GHR). Furthermore, the local actions of GH may be IGF-1 dependent (indirect) or independent (direct). Suppressor of cytokine signalling 2 (SOCS2) has been identified as an important regulator of GH signalling via the JAK/STAT pathway. The SOCS2 knockout (Socs2-/-) mouse is characterised by its overgrowth phenotype despite no elevation in sys
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Poole, Kenneth. "The effects of stroke on the skeleton." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/244611.

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Stroke is now a well-recognised risk factor for hip fracture. The aim of this study was to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms by which hip bone loss occurs in hemiplegia and to test the efficacy of a novel pharmaceutical strategy for preserving bone in stroke patients. Patients who were admitted acutely with a first-ever stroke and who remained unable to walk one week later were studied prospectively for 12 months, with a series of bone mineral density measurements of the hips (dual energy X-ray absorptiometry) in the context of a randomised controlled trial. Untreated patients (n=13)
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Belbaisi, Adham. "Deep Learning-Based Skeleton Segmentation for Analysis of Bone Marrow and Cortical Bone in Water-Fat Magnetic Resonance Imaging." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för kemi, bioteknologi och hälsa (CBH), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297528.

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A major health concern for subjects with diabetes is weaker bones and increased fracture risk. Current clinical assessment of the bone strength is performed by measuring Bone Mineral Density (BMD), where low BMD-values are associated with an increased risk of fracture. However, subjects with Type 2 Diabetes (T2D) have been shown to have normal or higher BMD-levels compared to healthy controls, which does not reflect the recognized bone fragility among diabetics. Thus, there is need for more research about diabetes-related bone fragility to find other factors of impaired bone health. One potent
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Bidesi, Anup Singh. "Comparison of texture classification methods to evaluate spongy bone texture in osteoporosis /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p1422912.

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Findlay, Caroline M. "Image analysis tool for the characterisation of bone turnover in the appendicular skeleton." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3657/.

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Osteoporosis is a disease characterised by reduced bone mass and altered microarchitecture leading to an increased risk of fracture. The consequences of osteoporosis include reduced quality of life and pain, associated with fractures. Its financial burden on health services are significant. Characterisation of osteoporosis using imaging techniques is therefore important. Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography (pQCT) is a cross-sectional imaging method which is used to scan bones in the appendicular skeleton. pQCT imaging may be particularly useful in clinical groups where changes in bone
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Croker, Sarah L. "Comparative cortical bone thickness in human and non-human mammal long bones : biomechanical and forensic perspectives." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/24898.

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The determination of the human or non-human origin of skeletal material can be particularly difficult if the bone is fragmented. It has been suggested that differences in the thickness of the cortical bone between human and non-human mammal long bones may be used to distinguish them, though little clear data exist. The aim of this thesis was to determine the extent of such difference, and whether it could be used to identify fragments of bone shafts. Potential differences in cortical bone thickness were investigated by comparing adult human limb bones (humerus, radius, femur and tibia) w
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Wiklund, Peder. "Adipose tissue, the skeleton and cardiovascular disease." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Geriatrik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-42083.

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the Western World, although the incidence of myocardial infarction (MI) has declined over the last decades. However, obesity, which is one of the most important risk factors for CVD, is increasingly common. Osteoporosis is also on the rise because of an aging population. Based on considerable overlap in the prevalence of CVD and osteoporosis, a shared etiology has been proposed. Furthermore, the possibility of interplay between the skeleton and adipose tissue has received increasing attention the last few years with the discovery th
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Books on the topic "Skeleton bone"

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Parker, Steve. Skeleton. Stoddart, 1988.

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Steve, Parker. Skeleton. Copper Beech Books, 1996.

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Steve, Parker. Skeleton. Knopf, 1988.

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Olivier, Pourquié, ed. The skeletal system. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 2009.

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Steve, Parker. Skeleton. DK Pub., 2004.

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Steve, Parker. Skeleton. Knopf, 1988.

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Steve, Parker. Skeleton. Dorling Kindersley, 2000.

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M, Black Sue, ed. The juvenile skeleton. Academic Press, 2004.

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Frost, Harold M. Intermediary organization of the skeleton. CRC Press, 1986.

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1961-, Fischer Sibylle, Gordon Isky, and European Association of Nuclear Medicine. Paediatric Task Group., eds. Atlas of bone scintigraphy in the developing paediatric skeleton: The normal skeleton, variants, and pitfalls. Springer-Verlag, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Skeleton bone"

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Bartl, Reiner, and Christoph Bartl. "Evolution of the Skeleton." In Bone Disorders. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-29182-6_1.

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van der Linden, Jacqueline C., Harrie Weinans, and Jan A. N. Verhaar. "Computer Simulations of Cancellous Bone Remodeling." In The Skeleton. Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-736-9_17.

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Hollinger, Jeffrey, and Michael H. Mayer. "Bone Regeneration." In Distraction of the Craniofacial Skeleton. Springer New York, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4612-2140-1_1.

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Pacifici, Maurizio, Chiara Gentili, Eleanor Golden, and Eiki Koyama. "Retinoids and Indian Hedgehog Orchestrate Long Bone Development." In The Skeleton. Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-736-9_11.

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Martinelli, Giulia, Nicola Garau, Niccoló Bisagno, and Nicola Conci. "Skeleton-Aware Motion Retargeting Using Masked Pose Modeling." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-92387-6_21.

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Abstract Motion retargeting aims at transferring a given motion from a source character to a target one. The task becomes increasingly challenging as the differences between the body shape and skeletal structure of input and target characters increase. We present a novel approach for motion retargeting between skeletons whose goal is to transfer the motion from a source skeleton to a target one in a different format. Our approach works when the two skeletons differ in scale, bone length, and number of joints. Surpassing previous approaches, our method can also retarget between skeletons that d
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Marie, Pierre J. "Effects of Microgravity on Skeletal Remodeling and Bone Cells." In The Skeleton. Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-736-9_18.

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Arguello-Guerra, Vivian, Eileen M. Shore, Fredrick S. Kaplan, and Jasvir S. Khurana. "Inherited and Dysplastic Conditions of the Skeleton." In Bone Pathology. Humana Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59745-347-9_15.

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Wang, Cun-Yu. "Bone Morphogenic Proteins, Osteoblast Differentiation, and Cell Survival During Osteogenesis." In The Skeleton. Humana Press, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-736-9_13.

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Gradus, Ben, and Eran Hornstein. "Role of microRNA in Skeleton Development." In Bone and Development. Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-822-3_5.

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Wallach, S., and R. L. Verch. "Chromium Exchange in the Rat Skeleton." In Metals in Bone. Springer Netherlands, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4920-1_36.

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Conference papers on the topic "Skeleton bone"

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Hogan, Harry A., Kent D. Harms, and H. Wayne Sampson. "Numerical Simulation and Evaluation of the Reduced-Platen Compression Test for Estimating Cancellous Bone Mechanical Properties in the Rat." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/bed-23030.

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Abstract Animal models are utilized in numerous research studies aimed at better understanding skeletal biology, bone biomechanics, and many orthopedic diseases or pathologies. Prominent among these animal models are rodents, most commonly rats and mice. In estimating bone mechanical properties in these animals, cortical bone is routinely assessed by bending one of the long bones such as the femur or tibia, which targets the mid-diaphysis region. Testing specimens of isolated cancellous bone is exceedingly challenging, however, even for the larger rat skeleton. Recognizing the prominence and i
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Hussam Abdulwahab, Nuha. "Modifications to Erdogan Method to Visualization of Skeletal System Using Dual Pigmentation with Red Alizarin and Alcian Blue." In XII. International Scientific Congress of Pure, Applied and Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2024. https://doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress12-11.

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Skeletal system dyeing is critical mode in anatomy to diagnose skeletal impairments. The point of this paper was to modernization dyeing and clearing mode of mice employing Alcian Blue- Alizarin Red S. The fetuses were, fixed, dyed, cleared, and preserved in glycerine with thymol crystals to prevent mold growth. This modulation stained the bone and the cartilage without harming the skeleton
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Hart, Stephen A., and Marcelo J. Dapino. "Accelerated Bone Growth Remotely Induced by Magnetic Fields and Smart Materials." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-175966.

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Bone structure is exquisitely matched to its physical loading environment. From the cartilaginous skeletal framework formed in the embryo to the aging skeleton, bone architecture is directly related to function. Bone is a dynamic system, constantly remodeling itself by absorbing old tissue and forming new tissue. This capability allows bone architecture to become optimized to the loading environment. Julius Wolff [1] first postulated that bone structure adapts to changing stress environments in 1892. Exact understanding of the process of mechanotransduction, however, has remained elusive. In a
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Pahuja, Monika, and Naresh Kumar Garg. "Skeleton Bone Age Assessment Using Optimized Artificial Neural Network." In 2018 3rd IEEE International Conference on Recent Trends in Electronics, Information & Communication Technology (RTEICT). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/rteict42901.2018.9012225.

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Qin, Y. X., M. Hu, F. Serra-Hsu, et al. "Local and Distant Intramedullary Pressure and Bone Strain by Dynamic Hydraulic Stimulation." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-54017.

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Osteoporosis gives rise to fragile bones that have higher fracture risks due to diminished bone mass and altered bone microarchitecture [1]. Mechanical loading mediated bone adaptation has demonstrated promising potentials as a non-pharmacological alteration for both osteogenic response and attenuation of osteopenia [2]. Intramedullary pressure (ImP) has been proposed as a key factor for fluid flow initiation and mechanotransductive signal inductions in bone. It is also suggested that integration of strain signals over time allows low-level mechanical strain in the skeleton to trigger osteogen
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Sadeghi, Reza, Firooz Bakhtiari-Nejad, and Taha Goudarzi. "Vibrational Analysis of Human Femur Bone." In ASME 2018 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2018-85114.

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Femur bone is the longest and largest bone in the human skeleton. This bone connects the pelvic bone to the knee and carries most of the body weight. The static behavior of femur bone has been a center of investigation for many years while little attention has been given to its dynamic and vibrational behavior, which is of great importance in sports activities, car crashes and elderly falls. Investigation of natural frequencies and mode shapes of bone structures are important to understand the dynamic and vibrating behaviors. Vibrational analysis of femoral bones is presented using finite elem
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Khayyeri, Hanifeh, and Patrick J. Prendergast. "Simulation of the Emergence of the Endochondral Ossification Process in Evolution." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53714.

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The ability of tissues to adapt to the mechanical environment is a remarkable feature of the skeleton. Although the mechano-regulation process is very complex, several mechano-regulation theories for musculo-skeletal tissues have successfully predicted the tissue differentiation and remodelling process in various scenarios with reasonable accuracy (1,2); but how did mechano-regulated bone differentiation emerge in evolution? Early vertebrates, like cartilaginous fishes, could modulate their tissues to the mechanical environment and it is likely that evolution worked with the regulatory genes f
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Taboas, Juan M., and Amy L. Lerner. "Biological Gradient Regulated Predictive Model of Long Bone Growth." In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0204.

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Abstract Morphogenesis is regulated by a complex interaction of factors that are intrinsic and extrinsic to the cells composing the organism (e.g. genetic programming, cytokine gradients, and applied mechanical/electrical forces). Mechanical stimulation has been shown to affect bone growth, but the interaction of mechanical forces with biological factors during the development of a cartilage anlage into adult form is not clear. During skeletal development, chondrocytes produce cartilage through differential cell growth, cell volume changes, and extracellular matrix secretion. Cartilage cells a
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Schubert, Tobias, Katharina Eggensperger, Alexis Gkogkidis, Frank Hutter, Tonio Ball, and Wolfram Burgard. "Automatic bone parameter estimation for skeleton tracking in optical motion capture." In 2016 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icra.2016.7487771.

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Turner, Charles H., and Alexander G. Robling. "Genetic Effects on Skeletal Mechanosensitivity in Mice." In ASME 2002 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2002-32596.

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The accumulation of bone mass during growth can be enhanced by environmental factors such as mechanical loading (exercise) or calcium intake, but 60–70% of the variance in adult bone mineral density (BMD) is explained by heredity. Consequently, understanding the signaling pathways targeted by the genes governing bone accumulation holds perhaps the greatest potential in reducing fracture incidence later in life. Rodent models are particularly useful for studying the genetics of skeletal traits. Of the available inbred mouse strains, three in particular have been studied extensively in skeletal
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Reports on the topic "Skeleton bone"

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Брошко, Євгеній Олегович. Variability of Structural and Biomechanical Prameters of Pelophylax esculentus (Amphibia, Anura) Limb Bones. Vestnik zoologii, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1529.

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Structural and biomechanical parameters of Edible Frog, Pelophylax esculentus (Linnaeus, 1758), limb bones, namely, mass, linear dimensions, parameters of the shaft ’s cross-sectional shape (cross-sectional area, moments of inertia, radiuses of inertia) were investigated. Some coeffi cients were also estimated: diameters ratio (df/ds), cross-sectional index (ik), principal moments of inertia ratio (Imax/Imin). Coeffi cients of variation of linear dimensions (11.9–20.0 %) and relative bone mass (22–35 %) were established. Moments of inertia of various bones are more variable (CV = 41.67–56.35 %
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Turner, Russel. Bone-97 Alcohol and Skeletal Adaptation to Mechanical Usage. Defense Technical Information Center, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada415959.

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McCauley, Laurie. Bone Marrow Microenvironmental Control of Prostate Cancer Skeletal Localization. Defense Technical Information Center, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada561136.

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Majeska, Robert J., and Mitchell B. Schaffler. Role of Bone Remodeling in Skeletal Colonization by Prostate Cancer Cells. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada444893.

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Park, Serk I. Alterations of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment Contribute to Prostate Cancer Skeletal Metastasis. Defense Technical Information Center, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada589269.

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McHugh, Kevin P. Skeletal Complications in Neurofibromatosis Type 1: The Role of Neurofibromin Haploinsufficiency in Defective Skeletal Remodeling and Bone Healing in NF1. Defense Technical Information Center, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada468693.

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Wiren, Kristine M., and Karl Jepsen. Enhanced Androgen Signaling with Androgen Receptor Overexpression in the Osteoblast Lineage Controls Skeletal Turnover, Matrix Quality, and Bone Architecture. Defense Technical Information Center, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada448583.

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Wiren, Kristine M., and Russell Turner. Enhanced Androgen Signaling with Androgen Receptor Overexpression in the Osteoblast Lineage Controls Skeletal Turnover, Matrix Quality and Bone Architecture. Defense Technical Information Center, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada524383.

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Wiren, Kristine M., and Karl Jepsen. Enhanced Androgen Signaling With Androgen Receptor Overexpression in the Osteoblast Lineage Controls Skeletal Turnover, Matrix Quality and Bone Architecture. Defense Technical Information Center, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada524387.

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Wiren, Kristine M., and Karl Jepsen. Enhanced Androgen Signaling With Androgen Receptor Overexpression in the Osteoblast Lineage Controls Skeletal Turnover, Matrix Quality and Bone Architecture. Defense Technical Information Center, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada463969.

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