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Phung, Lena, and Luning Qin. "Perception of social media influencers : A study on evaluation of Social Media Influencer types for different beauty categories." Thesis, Högskolan i Jönköping, Internationella Handelshögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39848.

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Background: For years companies have been using SMIs to communicate their brands and influencer marketing has become a thriving concept in this social-media era. Beauty retailing industry, as a global business with the third biggest follower base on social media, makes itself qualified and valuable for the study of influencer marketing. Purpose: The aim of the thesis is to investigate which type of influencers would be more influential in promotion of beauty product categories. Furthermore, the study intends to research on consumers’ review habits, preferred traits of influencers and reasons behind the actions. Method: To accomplish the purpose of this study, we conducted an abductive approach by the aid of both qualitative and quantitative data. The data was gathered through a questionnaire and a focus group, primarily among students in international universities. This in order to reach out to young people with different nationalities since it is an international study. Conclusion: Top influentials and narrative experts are shown to be more efficient for influencer marketing in the beauty industry especially when they are perceived trustworthy. Additionally, we found that the influencers have an impact on the consumers most when it comes to information search and the evaluation of alternatives.
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Burke, Kayleigh Elizabeth. "Social Butterflies: How Social Media Influencers are the New Celebrity Endorsement." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/78221.

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The rapid growth of visual microblogging platforms, such as Instagram, has created new opportunities for brands to communicate with stakeholders. As these platforms evolve, brands have had to adapt in order to use the available social media platforms to gain visibility in the millennial audience. Recently brands have turned to online 'celebrities' known as a social media influencer (SMI) to distribute information and influence consumers' product perceptions. This specifically has become a common tactic in communication and marketing efforts with the fashion and beauty industry. Ample research is available on the effects of celebrity endorsements but currently there is a gap in research pertaining to the consumer's perspective towards SMIs and SMIs effects on consumers. The online experiment completed in this thesis addressed how promotion of a product by a SMI affects perceptions of consumers on Instagram by measuring social comparison and self-congruity. This is accomplished by comparing participant's product perception to promotional posts on Instagram by a SMI, brand, and unbranded retail source. A three-condition experiment (SMI, Brand, Control) compared effects of product perception, social comparison, and self-congruity. A questionnaire consisting of 48 questions pertaining to SMI, self-congruity, social comparison, and product perception was completed by 151 participants. Significant relationships were found between the source of the promotional post (SMI, Brand, Control) and product perception. There was also a correlation between self-congruity and social comparison towards the SMI as well as product perception. Results suggest that the post source influences product perception. Results also indicate consumers' perception of the SMI effects product perception. These results provide practical implications for communication practioners who utilize social media. The rapid growth of visual microblogging platforms such as Instagram, is creating new opportunities for organizations to communicate with stakeholders. Brands have used social media platforms in order to gain visibility in the college age audience. Currently there is a gap in research pertaining to SMI and their effects on consumers. This online experiment will address how promotion of a product by an SMI affects perceptions of consumers on Instagram through social comparison and self-congruity theory by comparing responses to a product promoted by an SMI to the same product promoted by the promoted by the brand and to an unbranded retail source. A questionnaire consisting 34 of questions pertaining to SMI, self-congruity, and social comparison will be asked to 180-240 participants. The participants will be randomly assigned one of nine Instagram posts to accomplish stimulus sampling across the three conditions: three from SMI, three from brands, and three from an unbranded retail source
Master of Arts
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Virkkunen, Paula, and Elsi Norhio. "Becoming a Social Media Influencer : Describing the journey of becoming a successful social media influencer." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44168.

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Henningsson, Sandra, and Ida Aldebert. "The Power of Influencers : Instagramanvändares syn på influencers och influencer marketing." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för medier och journalistik (MJ), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85385.

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It is now increasingly common for companies to communicate with their consumers via influencers and in recent years it has become one of the most successful marketing tools for companies. Influencers do not only have the power to influence hundreds of thousands of people at the same time, but previous research has also shown that they are credible and reliable marketers. Influencers are seen as the marketers of the future. This research investigates the audience’s view on influencers and influencer marketing with several theoretical perspectives as a basis. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight experienced Instagram users and the research findings show that influencers can be defined in different ways and have different meaning for different people. They are also considered to be a source of great influence. The findings also show that the view on influencer marketing is relatively negative and that influencers, with the exception of some, are not particularly credible as marketers. Furthermore, we discuss several factors that may affect the credibility of an influencer.
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Hellerstedt, Julia, and Emina Mujkanovic. "Influencer Marketing: När gränsen mellan rekommendation och reklam suddas ut : En studie om hur Influencer Marketing påverkar konsumenters köpprocess." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-150910.

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Bakgrund Konsumenters förtroende för traditionella marknadskommunikationer sjunker. Företag försöker därför hitta nya sätt att nå fram till konsumenter. En marknadskommunikation som vuxit fram till följd av detta är Influencer Marketing, vilken innebär att inflytelserika individer influerar människor på sociala medier. Influencer Marketing är dock fortfarande en gråzon och studier inom området är begränsade. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att, genom att undersöka konsumenter, erhålla en djupare förståelse för hur deras köpprocess påverkas av Influencer Marketing genom att identifiera och förstå faktorer som påverkar deras inställningar och handlingar som ett resultat av Influencer Marketing. Genomförande: Studien har utförts genom en trianguleringsmetod, vilken innebar en datainsamling genom en kvantitativ enkät och tio kvalitativa intervjuer. För att kunna kartlägga och analysera konsumenters köpbeteende i relation till Influencer Marketing, ställdes frågor kopplade till syftet. Slutsats: Studien fastställer att främst personliga faktorer, psykologiska faktorer och sociala faktorer påverkar konsumenters uppfattning av influencers och följaktligen Influencer Marketing. Studien visar att konsumenter med en positiv uppfattning av influencers, i stor utsträckning värderar och tillgodogör innehåll via Influencer Marketing, vilket i sin tur leder till att deras köpprocess förkortas. Vidare visar studien att motsatsen gäller för konsumenter med en negativ uppfattning av influencers. Studien fastställer även att köpprocessen är en iterativ process istället för en statisk ordning.
Background: The consumers trust in traditional marketing communications is decreasing. Therefore, companies try to find new ways to reach the consumers. A marketing communication that has blossomed as a result of this is Influencer Marketing, which means that influential individual influence people on social media. However, Influencer Marketing is still a gray zone and research within the field is limited. Purpose: The purpose of the study is to, by researching the consumers, gain a deeper understanding for how their buying process is affected by Influencer Marketing by identifying and understanding the factors that affect their attitudes and behaviors as a result of the marketing communication. Completion: The study has been conducted by a triangulation method, which has involved data collecting through a quantitative survey and ten qualitative interviews. In order to map and analyze the consumers buying behavior in relation to Influencer Marketing, questions were asked in regard to the purpose of the study. Conclusion: The study displays that mainly the personal factors, psychological factors and social factors affect the consumers’ perception of influencers and hence of Influencer Marketing. The study shows that the consumers with a positive perception of influencers, value and appropriate content via Influencer Marketing to a larger extent, which in return shortens their buying process. Furthermore, the study shows that the case is the opposite for the consumers with a negative perception of influencers. The study also displays that the buying process is an iterative process instead of a static order.
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Erstadius, Jessica, and Johanna Larsson. "Social media influencers : En kvalitativ studie om hur konsumenter uppfattar social media influencers och företagssponsrade inlägg." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-30709.

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Abstract As the media intensity increases, it becomes more difficult for companies to obtain people's attention, and a risk that the message will pass its target audience arises. Social media has generated new possibilities for companies to be able to profile their message and reach specific target audiences. Within all groups in society there are certain people who have an ability to influence others. These individuals have become more important on social media. Several names have been used in previous research to describe them, in this paper the term social media influencers, SMIs, will be used. Through collaborations with SMIs, companies can promote their organization or their brand. During this process, the authors of this paper have found several studies which focuses mainly on how companies should identify the right SMIs to collaborate with and also what distinguishes these individuals. The authors recognize that less research has been dedicated to studying this phenomenon from the consumers’ perspective. Therefore, this study aims to contribute to the research in this specific area. The purpose of this study is to get an insight in consumers’ attitudes towards social media influencers, as well as how consumers value and perceive corporate-sponsored posts by influencers on social media. A qualitative approach was used in this study, based on fifteen interviews with consumers who use social media in which they follow one or more SMIs. The empirics have then been analyzed based on the theoretical framework, which mainly consists of theories and previous studies within the field of marketing communication, among others buzz-marketing, sponsorship, product placement and covert marketing. The conclusion of this paper is that none of the respondents had a positive attitude towards corporate-sponsored posts. The respondents tend to trust SMIs that are genuine and have a sense of humor. The respondents trusts information from other consumers more than they trust information from companies. The credibility for SMIs decreases when they get financial compensation to publish corporate-sponsored posts. Keywords: SMI, social media, influencer, corporate-sponsored posts, trust, attitudes, credibility
Sammanfattning På grund av den ökade medieintensiteteten blir det svårare för företag att fånga människors uppmärksamhet, det uppstår en risk att budskapet passerar dess tilltänkta målgrupp. Sociala medier har skapat nya möjligheter för företag att kunna profilera sitt budskap och nå ut till specifika målgrupper. Inom alla grupper i samhället finns vissa typer av personer som har en förmåga att påverka andra människor, inom samma grupp. Dessa personer har fått ökad betydelse på sociala medier och benämns inom tidigare forskning med flera olika namn. I denna studie kommer de benämnas social media influencers, SMIs. Genom samarbeten med SMIs kan företag marknadsföra sin organisation eller sitt varumärke. Under denna process har uppsatsförfattarna funnit flera tidigare studier som har fokuserat på hur företag kan identifiera de rätta personerna att samarbeta med samt vad som utmärker dessa personer. Samtidigt har uppsatsförfattarna upplevt att mindre forskning tillägnats åt att studera fenomenet ur konsumenternas perspektiv. Därför ämnar denna studie att bidra till forskningen på detta område. Syftet med denna studie är att få en inblick i konsumenters attityder gentemot social media influencers samt hur konsumenter värderar och uppfattar företagssponsrade inlägg från dessa. Undersökningen har genomförts med en kvalitativ ansats bestående av femton personliga intervjuer med konsumenter som använder sociala medier samt följer någon eller några SMIs inom dessa. Empirin har därefter analyserats utifrån det teoretiska ramverket, vilket huvudsakligen består av teorier och tidigare studier inom marknadskommunikation, bland annat buzz-marknadsföring, sponsring, produktplacering och dold marknadsföring.   Slutsatsen i denna studie är att ingen av respondenterna i studien hade en positiv attityd gentemot företagssponsrade inlägg. Respondenterna känner mer förtroende för SMIs som är äkta, har humor och kan bjuda på sig själva. Respondenterna har även större förtroende för information från andra konsumenter än från företag. Vetskapen om att SMIs får finansiell kompensation för att publicera företagssponsrade inlägg gör att trovärdigheten för dem minskar.   Nyckelord: SMI, sociala medier, influencer, företagssponsrade inlägg, förtroende, trovärdighet, attityder
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Raita, Anca-Alexandra, and Aikaterini Gavrielatou. "The Social Media Influencer Effect on Consumers' Behavior : A qualitative study on macro social media influencers within the cosmetic industry." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-448052.

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This thesis is aiming at investigating how macro social media influencers are affecting the consumer’s behavior of an individual within the cosmetic industry, with the outlined question: How do macro social media influencers affect consumers' behavior in the cosmetics industry? This thesis considers notions within community, social media influencers and consumers’ behavior field. An abductive qualitative research approach has been selected for this research, where data was gathered through individual semi-structured interviews, semi-structured focus groups, and semi-structured observations. Moreover, collected data from the individual and focus groups was analyzed based on the thematic coding approach, as well as in accordance with the presented analytical framework. The thesis concludes that macro social media influencers affect consumers’ behavior through their content and formed communities, to consume more and repeatedly, desire to reach a certain experience through consumption or behave in a certain manner individually or collectively.
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Darner, Anna, and Nickie Arvidsson. "Virtual influencers : Anonymous celebrities on social media." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Datateknik och informatik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-45303.

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Virtual influencer is a new phenomenon operating on social networks. Since this is new, there is not a lot of research about that field. Therefor the purpose of this study is to get a better understanding about virtual influencers and how they operate on instagram. Which will be done by identifying which key factors that needs to be considered in the process of creation and management of a virtual influencer. Experiment has been used as a method. A virtual character has been created as well as its account on instagram. During 2 months, data has been collected and has revealed that there are different factors that can impact the creation and management of a virtual influencers account. The key factors that have been identified are the realism of the character, the changing algorithm of instagram as well as the accounts content itself. Firstly, the character should be realistic but the fictional part of it should be at least noticeable in order to generate curiosity. Secondly, the instagram algorithm makes a difference if it is managed right. The last key factor is the content of the account itself; it needs to be adapted to the audience and the content in the posts as well as the overall aesthetic of the feed need to be visually appealing in order to raise interest.
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Andreasson, Jennifer, and Louise Hildebrand. "#SponsoredPost : En kvalitativ studie av hur samarbeten mellan Influencers och företag konstrueras på Instagram." Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Medie- och kommunikationsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-35058.

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Under år 2016 har marknadsföringsstrategin influencer marketing, att låta inflytelserika personer dela budskap om varumärken online i form av sponsrade innehåll, ökat i popularitet. Den här uppsatsen ämnar öka förståelsen kring hur Influencers konstruerar inlägg som är sponsrade av företag på medieplattformen Instagram i Sverige idag. Vår ambition är att bidra med kunskap inom området marknadskommunikation, som företag i sin tur kommer kunna använda sig av i framtida samarbeten. I den här studien använder vi oss av en kvalitativ innehållsanalys för att undersöka sponsrade inlägg från åtta olika Influencers inom fyra intresseområden: mode, hälsa, skönhet och livsstil. Ett strategiskt urval används i valet av Influencers och Instagraminlägg. Varje inlägg analyseras med hjälp av ett analysschema som grundar sig i teori och tidigare forskning. Analysschemat innefattar fyra olika teman: visuell kommunikation, skriftlig kommunikation, lagar och riktlinjer samt branding. Samtliga teman avser att besvara studiens övergripande syfte och frågeställningar. Det teoretiska ramverket är definierat utifrån branding, influencer marketing, user- and producer generated content och visuell kommunikation. Utifrån studiens resultat kan vi utläsa att samarbeten mellan Influencers och företag på Instagram varierar i sin utformning, speciellt med hänsyn till Influencerns intresseområde. Influencers inlägg inom områdena mode och hälsa tenderar att vara proffsiga och genomarbetade, vilket visar upp en idealiserad bild av verkligheten. Influencers inom området livsstil fokuserar istället på verklighetstrogna bilder som skapar ett intimt förhållande mellan dem och dess följare. Utifrån studien går det även att konstatera att det förekommer brister i hur influencer marketing används, exempelvis direkta uppmaningar till köp och att företag har en alltför stor inblandning i utformandet av inläggen. Studien påvisar att nyckeln till att bedriva framgångsrik influencer marketing är att vara transparent med samarbetet och låta en Influencer, vars intresse och ton stämmer överens med varumärket, förmedla ett genuint och personligt budskap om det.
During 2016 the marketing strategy influencer marketing, to let influential people share branding messages online in the shape of sponsored content, gained in popularity. This thesis intends to increase the understanding regarding how collaborations between Influencers and companies are constructed on the media platform Instagram. The study aims to examine how Influencers construct their sponsored posts and through that process give an insight into how Influencer marketing is used in Sweden today. Our ambition is to contribute with knowledge within the field marketing communication which companies will be able to use in future collaborations.   In this qualitative content analysis we are examining sponsored posts from eight different Influencers within four areas of interest: fashion, health, beauty and lifestyle. A strategic selection is used when choosing the Influencers and the Instagram posts. Each post is analysed by the means of an analytic scheme, which is based on theory and previous research within the field. The analytic scheme contains four different themes: visual communication, written communication, laws and branding. All of the themes are designed with the purpose of answering the formulated questions of the study and its overall object.  The theoretical framework is based on branding, influencer marketing, user- and producer generated content as well as visual communication. The results of the study shows that the way companies and Influencers design their collaborations on Instagram vary, especially in regards to the different areas of interest. The collaborations with Influencers within the areas fashion and health tend to have a professional style that shows of an idealized view on reality. Influencers within the area lifestyle instead choose to focus on true to life images that create intimacy between them and their followers. Based on the study a few deficiency problems that exist in the way influencer marketing is being used today have been establish, for example call to purchase and that companies get to involved in the construction of the posts. The study shows that the key to successful influencer marketing is to be transparent with the collaboration and to let an Influencer, whose interest and tone of voice match up with the brand, convey a genuine and personalized message regarding it.
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Jurgell, Louise, Ida Davidsson, and Isabelle Nilsson. "A qualitative content analysis of social media influencers' credibility." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85250.

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The purpose of this thesis was to explore how concepts of credibility relate to each other in the context of SMIs. SMIs are individuals who use their social media channels to create their own content and communicate with their followers, partly for marketing purposes. Credibility is important for SMIs as it can mean that they have larger influence over their followers and therefore are more successful with their content and communications. Previous research regarding credibility and SMIs have looked at the different concepts of credibility separately, and it is unclear how these concepts relate to each other in the context of SMIs. Therefore, multiple case studies was conducted through content analysis, to study the blogs of SMIs. The content analysis generated in a modification of credibility theory which shows that the concepts of credibility are Personal Conversations and Competence. These concepts indicate that SMIs’ credibility come from them sharing their personal lives with their followers, as well as showing some skills and knowledge. A modified theory is proposed and it is suggested that future research tests this theory.
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Andersson, Sara, Amanda Ledberg, and Louise Degerlo. "Influencer marketing : strategiska val ur ett företagsperspektiv." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-23809.

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Influencer marketing är en av de snabbast växande delarna i reklambranschen, och med hjälp av influencer marketing har varumärkena möjlighet att skapa en nära relation med sina konsumenter på Instagram. Idag använder många företag sig av influencers med ett stort antal följare för att marknadsföringen skall vara så effektiv som möjlig. För att bli en framgångsrik influencer krävs det att influencern har en bra fingertoppskänsla mellan vad som är intressant, relevant samt vad följarna vill se i deras Instagramflöden. Eftersom det i nuläget inte finns mycket forskning angående företags strategier om hur de använder sig av influencers i sin marknadsföring. Det finns ett gap i forskningen eftersom att detta är ett relativt nytt sätt för företag att marknadsföra sina produkter på. Det har gjorts lite forskning angående influencer marketing strategier ur ett företagsperspektiv. Detta gjordes genom observationer på utvalda modeföretags Instagramkonton samt på de olika influencernas Instagramkonton som respektive modeföretag samarbetar med i sin influencer marketing. Utöver detta genomfördes kvalitativa, strukturerade intervjuer med respondenter från svenska modeföretag angående företagens influencer marketing strategier på respektive Instagramkonton. Studiens slutsatser visar på att modeföretagen tar någon form av strategiska val i sin influencer marketing när de väljer ut vilka influencers de vill samarbeta med på Instagram. De strategiska valen modeföretagen fattar i sin influencer marketing på Instagram är bland annat hur väl influencern passar företagens målgrupper och kampanjer. Influencer valet grundar sig ofta i influencernas storlek, deras sätt att bygga relationer med sina följare samt sättet de kommunicerar på med sina följare. De strategiska val företagen tar vid val av influencers i sin influencer marketing liknar ofta varandra, men beroende på vilket marknad de riktar sig mot är det större variation på vilka influencers de samarbetar med på Instagram.
Influencer marketing is one of the fastest growing parts of the advertising industry, and with the help of influencer marketing, brands have the opportunity to establish a close relationship with their consumers on Instagram. Today many companies use influencers with a large number of followers to make marketing as effective as possible. To become a successful influencer, it requires the influencer to have a good understanding between what's interesting, relevant and what followers want to see in their Instagram feeds. As there is currently not much research on corporate strategies on how they use influencers in their marketing. There is a gap in research because this is a relatively new way for companies to market their products. There has been little research on influencer marketing strategies from a business perspective. This has been done with observations on selected fashion companies Instagram accounts as well as observations on the various influencers Instagramaccounts with which the respective fashion companies collaborate in their influencer marketing. In addition to this, qualitative, structured interviews were conducted with respondents from Swedish fashion companies regarding the companies' influencer marketing strategies on their respective Instagramaccounts. The study's findings show that fashion companies make some form of strategic choice in their influencer marketing when choosing which influencers they want to collaborate with on Instagram. The strategic choices fashion companies make in their influencer marketing on Instagram include how well the influencer suits the companies' target groups and campaigns. The influencer choice is often based on the size of the influencers, their way of building relationships with their followers and the way they communicate with their followers. The strategic choices companies make when choosing influencers in their influencer marketing are of-ten similar, but depending on which market they targeting, there is greater variation in which influencers they collaborate with on Instagram.
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Eliassi, Sarzeli Hero, and Emma Jändel. "Influera mera : En studie om olika aktörers syn på digital marknadsföring genom influencers via sociala medier." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-54481.

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Författare: Hero Eliassi & Emma Jändel Handledare: Åsa Lindström Examinator: Bertil Hultén Kurs: Examensarbete 30hp, Civilekonomprogrammet inriktning marknadsföring, Linnéuniversitetet Kalmar, VT 2016. Forskningsfråga: Hur ser olika aktörer på användandet av influencers sociala mediekanaler i digital marknadsföring? Syfte: Syftet med detta examensarbete är att analysera användandet av influencers och deras sociala mediekanaler i digital marknadsföring. Fenomenet kommer att undersökas utifrån fyra aktörers perspektiv; influencer marketing-byråers, handelsföretags, influencers och konsumenters perspektiv, för att utforska hur man kombinerar synsätten från de olika aktörerna och på så sätt har möjlighet att effektivisera marknadsföringen genom influencers. Vi ämnar tolka de olika aktörernas syn på denna typ av marknadsföring för att bidra med implikationer till handelsföretag som använder sig av eller funderar på att marknadsföra sig genom influencers sociala mediekanaler och influencer marketing-byråer som agerar mellanhänder mellan handelsföretag och influencers. Vidare ämnar vi även bidra med implikationer till influencers som genomför denna marknadsföring. Metod: Detta examensarbete har haft en kvalitativt inriktad fallstudie med en induktiv ansats och ett explorativt syfte. Databildningen har bestått av en litteraturstudie och en empirisk undersökning genom semistrukturerade intervjuer och fokusgrupper. Det empiriska materialet som erhölls analyserades genom en kvalitativ dataanalys. Resultat & slutsatser: Vi kan konstatera att de fyra aktörerna ser på influencer marketing som ett effektivt marknadsföringssätt som föredras framför företags egen marknadsföring. Vad som framkommer är att ett antal krav bör tas i beaktning för att budskapen presenterade av influencers ska nå ut till den tänkta målgruppen. För att budskapen ska mottas av konsumenter som trovärdiga bör matchning ske mellan varumärken och influencers, samarbetena bör vara genuina och inspirerande, budskapen bör passa in i den kontext där de marknadsförs och balans bör finnas mellan personlighet och professionalitet. Teoretiska och praktiska implikationer: Examensarbetets teoretiska implikationer består av en reviderad undersökningsmodell där viktiga aktörer och aktuella sociala mediekanaler för influencer marketing presenteras. De praktiska implikationerna består av en TRIMPP- modell där begreppen trovärdighet, relevans, inspiration, matchning, personlighet och professionalitet presenteras som viktiga vid skapandet av influencer marketing-kampanjer. Nyckelord: Influencer marketing, influencers, sociala medier, digital marknadsföring
Authors: Hero Eliassi & Emma Jändel Supervisor: Åsa Lindström Examiner: Bertil Hultén Course: Master Thesis in Marketing 30 ECTS, Business Administration and Economics Programme, Linnaeus University Kalmar, Spring 2016. Research question: How does different actors view the usage of influencers’ social media channels in digital marketing? Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the usage of influencers and their social media channels in digital marketing. The phenomenon will be studied from the perspective of four different actors; influencer marketing-agencies, companies, influencers and consumers, to be able to examine how to combine the different actors’ views in order to make influencer marketing more effective. We aim to interpret the different actors’ views of influencer marketing to be able to provide implications to companies using or thinking about using influencer marketing and to influencer marketing-agencies that act as intermediaries between companies and influencers. We also aim to provide influencers with implications. Method: This thesis had a qualitatively oriented case study with an inductive approach and an explorative purpose. Data formation consisted of a literature review and an empirical study through semi-structured interviews and focus groups. The empirical data obtained was analyzed through a qualitative data analysis. Results and conclusions: We can conclude that the four actors view influencer marketing as an effective marketing method which is preferred over companies' own marketing. A number of requirements should be taken into consideration when producing influencer marketing-campaigns in order for the messages to reach out to the intended audience. For the messages to be received by the consumers as credible matching must occur between brands and influencers, the cooperation should be genuine and inspiring, the messages should fit into the context in which they are presented and balance should be found between personality and professionalism. Theoretical and practical implications: The theoretical implications of the thesis consists of a revised research model with key stakeholders and relevant social media channels for influencer marketing. The practical implications are made up of a TRIMPP-model in which the concepts of trustworthiness, relevance, inspiration, matching, personality and professionalism are presented as important in the creation of influencer marketing- campaigns. Key words: Influencer marketing, influencers, social media, digital marketing
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Nordström, Linn, and Rebecca Pannula. "Under the influence : A quantitative study about social media influencers different attributes effect on online purchase intent." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för ekonomi, samhälle och teknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-48269.

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Research Questions: How does influencer marketing affect online purchase intent?  How do social media influencers’ trustworthiness, expertise and attractiveness affect online purchase intent?   Purpose: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between online purchase intent and social media influencers, as well as how their attributes affect this relationship.  Method: This empirical study consists of a quantitative online survey with 476 respondents. Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that social media influencers have a positive impact on online purchase intent. Furthermore, the collected data could confirm that trustworthiness has a clear impact on online purchase intent, while expertise and attractiveness showed no significant impact.
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Dahlkvist, Victor. "Influencer marketing: Long-term collaborations on Instagram : A case study." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-300373.

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More and more companies have started to use influencers on social media platforms for promoting their product or service, in exchange for a compensation. While this has enabled reach for a low cost, it is the nature of the authentic endorsement that has made the marketing channel so efficient. This thesis seeks to investigate how different collaboration types, depending on size and length, impacts the financial performance of Instagram influencer collaborations. In addition, it investigates what underlying factors that might be prevalent in impacting these collaboration types. The thesis is conducted as a mixed method descriptive single case study, utilizing both quantitative and qualitative data. To understand the financial performance of influencer collaborations, data from three consecutive years from the case company are presented and analyzed. To understand what characteristics that impacts this outcome, interviews with marketing professionals are used together with relevant previous literature in the field of influencer marketing. It is found that long-term collaborations have a higher return compared to short-term, along with other useful advantages of collaborating long-term. Additionally, it was found that influencers with more followers tend to have a lower financial return, but can be more efficient in other aspects, such as promoting the brand. Lastly, contributions based on the findings for both theory and practice are presented.
Fler och fler företag har börjat att använda sig av influencers på sociala medieplattformar för att lyfta fram deras produkt eller tjänst i utbyte för kompensation, kallat influencer marketing. Medan det här har möjliggjort räckvidd för en låg kostnad, är det naturen av den autentiska ”omfamningen” av varumärket som gjort marknadsföringskanalen effektiv. Den här uppsatsen söker att förklara hur olika samarbetstyper, beroende på antalet följare som influencern har samt längden på samarbetet, påverkar det finansiella resultatet av influencersamarbeten på Instagram. Därtill, så undersökes vilka underliggande faktorer som ytterligare kan påverka utgången av de olika samarbetstyperna. Fallstudien genomfördes med en blandad metodologi, baserat på både kvantitativ och kvalitativ data. I ett försök att kunna förstå det finansiella resultatet av influencersamarbeten, används data från tre påföljande år som presenteras och analyseras. För att förstå vilka attribut som påverkar utfallet av det finansiella resultatet, intervjuas marknadsförare för deras professionella insikt. Upptäckterna visade att långsiktiga samarbeten med influencers har en högre avkastning jämfört med korta, tillsammans med andra fördelar med lånsiktiga samarbeten. Utöver det upptäcktes det att influencers med fler följare tenderar att ha en lägre avkastning men kan vara användbara på andra sätt, exempelvis för att främja varumärket. Till sist, så beskrivs bidrag för både forskning och praktik baserat på uppsatsens upptäckter.
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Gustavsson, Ann-Sofie, Nasir Arij Suleman, and Sarvinoz Ishonova. "Towards a world of influencers: Exploring the relationship building dimensions of Influencer Marketing." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-39701.

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Background The emergence of the Internet, and in particular social network sites, has led to the appearance of new powerful actors, i.e. Social Media Influencers, with the power to persuade their audience. This introduced a middleman in the company-consumer relationship and a new stakeholder to build relationships with. Small and medium-sized enterprises’ (SMEs) marketing activities differ from traditional practices. SMEs need to be more creative when engaging in Influencer Marketing given their resource constraints. The presence of a relationship can help SMEs to increase and improve their brand image, support the launch of new products and most essentially avoid large investments of Influencer Marketing. Purpose The purpose of this study is to explore the methods Swedish SMEs use in their relationship building activities with influencers, as well as the underlying dimensions related to those methods. Method An inductive research approach is utilized, with the aim to extend the current knowledge available about relationship building with influencers. The use of a qualitative approach with semi-structured interviews allowed the exploration of how SMEs build relationships with influencers from a management perspective. Conclusion This thesis indicates that Swedish SMEs’ relationship building activities are influenced by certain underlying dimensions. These are adherence to brand values, timeline of the collaboration, nature of the product, paid and earned forms of collaborations and the types of relationships SMEs establish: formal and informal. The means used by SMEs when building relationship with influencers were identified as communication, events, feedback and gifts. Further, resource constraints did not appear to influence how SMEs build relationships with influencers but instead the type and number of influencers they work with.
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Eriksson, Karin, and Martin Cronqvist. "THE INFLUENCER – friend or foe? : A study on social media influencer’s and social media platform’s ethical obligations from a user perspective." Thesis, Tekniska Högskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, JTH, Datateknik och informatik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44521.

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Strandberg, Louise, and Elin Thorén. "Konsten att välja rätt influencer : En kvalitativ studie om hur företag identifierar och väljer influencers för att stärka sitt varumärke." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42292.

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Sammanfattning Titel: Konsten att välja rätt influencer Författare: Elin Thorén och Louise Strandberg Handledare: Navid Ghannad Examinator: Ulf Aagerup Typ av arbete: Examensarbete för kandidat i Internationell Marknadsföring Termin: VT 2020 Antal ord: 19 442Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsatsen är att få en bättre förståelse för hur företag identifierar och väljer influencers för att stärka sitt varumärke. Metod och material: Kvalitativ undersökning med fyra semistrukturerade intervjuer Huvudresultat: Samtliga fallföretag identifierar och väljer influencers med omsorg genom att försöka ta reda på om influencern är en bra match till deras varumärke och dess värderingar för att marknadsföringsmetoden ska ses som trovärdig. Det går även att konstatera att samtliga företag anser att influencer marketing stärker deras varumärke. Centrala begrepp: Influencer, Influencer Marketing, Varumärkesuppbyggande, Följare, Trovärdighet, Kommunikation, Kostnad
Abstract Titel: The importance in finding the right influencer Authors: Elin Thorén and Louise Strandberg Supervisor: Navid Ghannad Examiner: Ulf Aagerup Level: Bachelor thesis for a candidate in International Marketing Term: Spring term 2020 Nmber f words: 19 442 Purpose: The purpose of this essay is to gain a better understanding of how companies identify and select influencers to strengthen their brand. Method and material: Qualitative survey with four semi-structured interviews Main result: All companies identify and select influencers with care by trying to find out if the influencer is a good match to their brand and its values in order for the marketing method to be seen as credible. The study also indicates that all companies believe that influencer marketing strengthens their brand. Key concepts: Influencer, Influencer Marketing, Brand building, Followers, Credibility, Communication, Cost
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Anongdeth, Amanda, and Barre Halima Imam. "Instagram profile’s effect on influencer credibility : A qualitative study on how the influencer-follower relationship is affected by the influencers credibility in relation to their Instagram profile." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-44166.

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Background: Through digitalization, it has now allowed people to be more linked through different social media platforms and has led to an increase in the use of these platforms such as Facebook, YouTube, Twitter and Instagram. Compared to other social media, Instagram has the highest level of involvement through time spent on the app. Influencer marketing has increased with the numbers 325% in Google searches within the year 2017. Companies use influencer marketing as a tool where the firm is collaborating with influencers. Next year, approximately two-thirds of the marketing departments will increase their budget for influencer marketing, so the trend will probably continue in the future.   Purpose: The aim of this thesis is to increase knowledge and understanding about the relationship influencers and followers have with each other and the effects an influencers Instagram profile has on credibility. The authors in the introduction give an insight into the background of current research and information about social media, most specifically Instagram but also about influencers with regards to the credibility of their Instagram profiles. After a gap in the literature was identified, the authors then go on to formulate a research question which is used to guide the direction of the study.   Method: The research method used to answer this question was qualitative, as the authors deemed it to be most suitable for this type of study. After conducting semi-structured interviews with 17 individuals belonging to the millennial generation cohort, who had Instagram and more importantly followed influencers, interesting perspectives around the effect's sponsorship posts had on influencer credibility in the eyes of the followers, were discovered. The results gathered from the interviews were later compared with Ohanian's model of source credibility and Hovland’s model of attribution of credibility, gathered from the frame of reference. The findings from the data collection and analysis were later used to answer the research question.   Conclusion: The influencer-follower relationship has a greater impact on an influencer’s credibility, than what research had portrayed in the existing literature. The strength of the influencer-follower relationship has an impact on whether an influencers Instagram profile is seen as credible or not. The way in which an influencer presents a sponsorship or collaboration on their Instagram profile, had the greatest effect regarding the influencer’s credibility.
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Kadivar, Nima, and Branzell Lina Eek. "Social Media Influencers : Vad tycker dagens kvinnor?" Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-21996.

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I takt med den ökade betydelsen av symbolisk konsumtion har begreppet Social Media Influencers, SMI, grundats. SMI är ett samlingsbegrepp för de oberoende personer som genom sina sociala medier påverkar och inspirerar sina följare genom att vara en förebild inom mode, skönhet, livsstil, hälsa och inredning. SMI representerar dagens opinionsledare då de genom sina sociala medier sprider marknadsföring som människor uppfattar som uppriktig och genuin. Idag används SMI strategiskt av företag för att nå ut till kunder på ett individualiserat och anpassat sätt. Den här nya typen av marknadsföringsstrategi kan ses som en modern version av Word of Mouth (WOM). Marknadsföringsstrategin grundas i att informationen som kommer från en SMI ofta uppfattas mer som rekommendationer än reklam. SMI har en betydande roll på marknaden idag då det är viktigare än någonsin att visa upp vilken social grupp man tillhör. Speciellt för unga kvinnor, som finner det viktigt att passa in och följa nya trender. Instagram är utsedd till en av de mest skadliga sociala medierna för ungdomars mentala hälsa. Detta då det bidrar till en ohälsosam självbild och skapar höga krav på människors liv. Samtidigt som SMIs roll på marknaden växer, blir konsumenter allt mer reklamtrötta. Därför ifrågasätts SMI som fenomen och 329 kvinnor runt om i Sverige har besvarat en webbenkät kring sin inställning till SMI på Instagram. Det är tydligt att många kvinnor har svårt att bilda en konkret uppfattning kring sin inställning till fenomenet och många varierar sig i sina ställningstaganden. Undersökningen visar att kvinnor med högre utbildning och i äldre åldrar är kritiska till budskapen SMI sprider via Instagram, medan kvinnor med lägre utbildning och i den yngre generationen anser marknadsföringen från SMI som uppriktig och ärlig i en högre grad. Undersökningen visar också att trots att många kvinnor har en negativ inställning till SMI säger de sig ändå handla produkter som SMI rekommenderar.
In line with the increased importance of symbolic consumption the notion of Social Media Influencers, SMI, has been found. SMI is a concept used to describe independent people who both influence and inspire other people on their social media channels by being a role model in fashion, beauty, lifestyle, health and interior design. SMI represents today’s opinion leaders by using their social media channels to spread advertising and marketing to people who perceive the information as sincere and genuine. Today SMI are used in companies business strategies to reach out to customers in a individualized and faithful manner. This new kind of marketing strategy can be seen as a modern version of Word of Mouth (WOM). The purpose by using this kind of marketing is that the information that comes from an SMI are often perceived more as recommendations than advertising. SMI’s got a significant role on the market today and it’s more important than ever before to show what social group you belong to. Especially for young womens, who finds it important to fit in and follow the last trends. Instagram is one of the social media platforms which is the most detrimental for young people’s mental health. It contributes to an unhealthy self-image and creates high demands on people's life. At the same time as SMI is rapidly growing, consumers gets tired of being constantly chased by advertising. Therefore people are now questioning SMI as a phenomenon. 329 women in Sweden have participated in a web survey about their approach to SMI at Instagram. It’s shown that many women find it hard to form a concrete perception of their attitude towards the phenomenon and many women varies in their positions. The survey shows that older women and women with higher education are critical towards what SMI’s are posting on Instagram, while women with lower education and in younger generations consider SMI's marketing to be sincere and honest. The survey also shows that despite the fact that many women got a negative attitude towards SMI, they’re still keen on buying whatever that SMI recommends them to buy.
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Hedström, Åsa, and Sara Myrgren. "Influencer Marketing : En studie om strategisk varumärkeskommunikation via influencers för att stärka hotellets varumärke." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-68714.

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Swenzén, Amanda, and Linnea God. "Det nya reklamlandskapet. En kvalitativ studie om influencer marketing på Instagram." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-150979.

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I takt med att Sverige har blivit digitaliserat spenderar befolkningen mer tid på sociala medier. Företag väljer därför idag att allt mer marknadsföra sig på sociala medier istället för via traditionella medier. Social media plattformen Instagram har ökat i tillväxt under senaste åren och är idag en populär plattform bland svenskarna, speciellt bland den yngre generationen. På sociala medier finns det personer som har ett stort antal följare, exempelvis har sportprofilen Zlatan Ibrahimovic 32,2 miljoner följare på Instagram. Detta i kontrast till tidningen Aftonbladet som har en räckvidd på 3,2 miljoner. Personer med ett ansenligt och betydande socialt nätverk på sociala medier plattformar kallas för influencers. Influencers påverkar människor i deras val av produkter och tjänster och kan hjälpa företag med deras marknadsföring genom att skriva om deras produkter och tjänster. Marknadsföring via influencers anses slagkraftigt eftersom att influencers följare anser dem vara trovärdiga. Dagens ungdomar är uppvuxna i den digitala eran och sociala medier är en naturlig del av deras liv. Dessutom klassas ungdomar till gruppen sårbara konsumenter och är mer mottagliga för olika marknadsföringsmetoder. Studien syftar till att få en djupare förståelse samt att redogöra för vad som påverkar ungdomars uppfattning om influencer marketing på Instagram. Vi har identifierat faktorer som påverkar ungdomars uppfattning om influencer marketing på Instagram. Detta för att kunna ge råd till företag som vill använda influencer marketing som marknadsföringsstrategi och för att kunna bidra till forskningen inom influencer marketing. För att undersöka detta har vi utfört tio intervjuer med ungdomar som är 18–19 år. Den teoretiska bakgrunden består av huvudområdena: attityder mot reklam, det nya reklamlandskapet och komponenter inom influencer marketing. Teorierna har sedan analyserats mot materialet från intervjuerna vilket har besvarat studiens problemformulering: Vad påverkar ungdomars uppfattning om influencer marketing på Instagram? Studiens resultat presenteras i en egenkomponerad teoretisk modell och bekräftar att det är tre faktorer som påverkar ungdomars uppfattning om influencer marketing på Instagram: användandet av Instagram, relationen till influencers och samarbeten mellan företag och influencers. Instagram har en betydande roll i ungdomars liv och en viktig del av deras användande av Instagram är att följa sitt sociala nätverk. Genom sitt sociala nätverk skapar ungdomar relationer till influencers. Relationen innebär att influencers har ett inflytande över ungdomar och skapas utifrån ungdomars intresse samt påverkas av ungdomars förtroende mot influencers. Innehållet i samarbetet och antalet samarbeten en influencer väljer att ha är viktigt för att ungdomar ska uppfatta samarbetet som trovärdigt, vilket i sin tur påverkar ungdomars förtroende för influencers och deras relation. Dessutom påverkar ungdomars förtroende för influencers, deras relation, hur accepterande ungdomar är mot influencers samarbeten. Relationen mellan ungdomar och influencers samt samarbetet i sig påverkar hur mottagliga ungdomar är för influencer marketing och hur de uppfattar fenomenet.
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Samin, Sava, and Ferha Ahmed. "Understanding the royalties of social media : En kvalitativ studie om hur konsumenter upplever varumärkeskommunikationen på sociala medier." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38631.

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Social media is dependent on society, and society is dependent on social media. The internetbased platforms have today taken the world by storm. Words like "comment", "like" and "post" are central concepts on social media that have come to be new communication tools. In the development of social media, the social network has been strengthened in such a way that people turn to these platforms in order to create relationships with others. The increased popularity has resulted in several binding to the social network, which the companies have also noticed. As the consumer is constantly in focus for the companies, it becomes important to find the needs of consumers. Research shows that relationships and close contact are highly valued by the consumer, which the companies also try to live up to. Brand communication on social media has also come to be developed, as the companies use influencers as an intermediary, which has led to the new concept of influencer marketing being expanded. However, there are disagreements about how consumers perceive the companies' direct brand communication and influencing marketing. Hence, the study finds relevance in examining how consumers perceive the different brand communications on social media. Based on the theories, three variables are regarded as a basic explanation for how consumer experience may be unfolded. The three variables explain the study as attitudes, credibility and purchase intentions. In order to investigate this, the study has used a qualitative approach with focus group interviews as a relevant tool. The study is limited to the social platform Instagram, with respondents consisting of women. A further demarcation of the study was to examine only the fashion related brands. The study concluded that influencers are perceived as more real, also defined as sources of inspiration. While companies, with their direct brand communication, may be perceived as more commercial and less real. Also defined as artificial. However, it is important that the consumer can identify with the influencer and value his/her opinions highly, in order for the brand communication to be perceived as real and credible. In addition, the result showed that consumers may experience influencers as sources of inspiration, while companies' direct brand communication can instead be perceived as a source of information. Furthermore, the study also concluded that the three variables attitudes, credibility and purchase intention were related to each other. Consumers first turn out to create an attitude that builds the credibility, which finally gave a purchase intention. A common conclusion in the study was that influencer marketing and the companies' direct brand communication came to be experienced in different ways. But regardless of the outcome, both sources of information were considered vital. The conclusion is that both of these brand communications should complement each other instead of excluding each other.
Sociala medier är beroende av samhället, och samhället är beroende av sociala medier. De internetbaserade plattformarna har idag tagit världen med storm. Ord som ”likea”, ”inlägg” och ”kommentera” är centrala begrepp på sociala medier som har kommit att bli nya sätt att kommunicera genom. Vid utvecklingen av sociala medier, har det sociala nätverket förstärkts på så sätt att människor vänder sig till dessa plattformar i syfte att skapa relationer med andra. Den ökade populariteten har resulterat i att flera binder sig till det sociala nätverket, vilket även företagen har uppmärksammat. Eftersom konsumenten är ständig fokus för företagen, blir det alltmer viktigt att finna konsumenternas behov. Forskning visar att relationer och närkontakt värderas högt av konsumenten, vilket även företagen försöker att leva upp till. Varumärkeskommunikationen på sociala medier har dessutom kommit att utvecklas vidare, då företagen använder sig av influencers som en mellanhand, vilket har lett till att det nya konceptet influencer marketing myntats. Det råder däremot oenigheter kring hur konsumenter upplever företagens direkta varumärkeskommunikation och influencer marketing. Därav finner studien relevans i att undersöka hur konsumenterna upplever de olika varumärkeskommunikationerna på sociala medier. Med teorierna som grund, anses tre variabler som en grundläggande förklaring till hur konsumenters upplevelse kan komma att utspelas. De tre variablerna förklarar studien som attityder, trovärdighet och köpintentioner. För att kunna undersöka detta, har studien använt en kvalitativ ansats med fokusgruppsintervjuer som verktyg. Studien är avgränsad till den sociala plattformen Instagram, där respondenterna bestod av kvinnor. En ytterligare avgränsning för studien, var att endast undersöka varumärken relaterat till modebranschen. Studien kom fram till att influencers upplevs som mer verkliga, även definierade som inspirationskällor. Medan företagen, med sin direkta varumärkeskommunikation, kan komma att upplevas som mer kommersiella och mindre verkliga. Nästintill konstgjorda. Det är dock viktigt att konsumenten kan identifiera sig med influencern samt värdera dennas åsikter högt, för att varumärkeskommunikationen ska upplevas som verklig och trovärdig. Dessutom uppvisade resultatet, att konsumenter kan komma att uppleva influencers som inspirationskällor, medan företagens direkta varumärkeskommunikation kan istället upplevas som informationskälla. Vidare kom även studien fram till, att de tre variablerna attityd, trovärdighet och köpintention förhöll sig till varandra. Konsumenterna visar sig först skapa en attityd som i sig bygger vidare på trovärdigheten, vilket gav en köpintetion. En gemensam slutsats i studien, var att influencer marketing och företagens direkta varumärkeskommunikation, kom att upplevas på olika sätt. Men oavsett utfallet, ansågs båda informationskällorna som vitala. Slutsatsen ligger i att båda dessa varumärkeskommunikationerna bör komplettera varandra istället för att exkludera varandra.
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Zietek, Nathalie. "Influencer Marketing : the characteristics and components of fashion influencer marketing." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-10721.

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The ad blocking hype has brought new challenges for fashion brands to be seen and heard. Therefore new marketing strategies have to be found. Since the usage of mobile devises increased and consumers spend more time on online social networks - influencer marketing had been found as a authentic marketing channel to reach the consumers. Therefore this thesis aims on providing fashion brands a guideline of the components and characteristics of influencer marketing. To accomplish this research objective the qualitative method approach of expert interviews had been chosen and four experts from the fashion influencer marketing were questioned about their daily work with influencers to elaborate their needs and the challenges they are facing. The interviews lead to four core components of influencer marketing: authenticity, long-term relations, co-creation and micro-influencers. Underneath these core components the following sub-components were found: brand fit, exclusivity, visual language, passion, trust, price, creative freedom, and frequent communication. The main conclusion of this study is that working with micro influencers is key a component of influencer marketing. These influencers tend to have high authenticity, are experts in a certain niche and are not motivated by monetary reasons.
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Boélius, Markus, and Chotima Persson. "Social media Influencers In whom we trust? Kritisk tänkande inom influencer marketing hos generationen Z." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för teknik och estetik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18726.

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Schröder, Alex, and Per Surber. "Fashion, fashion. We love it. How can Influencer Markeitng be a hit? : En kvalitativ studie över hur modevarumärken kan öka CBBE genom Social-Media-Influencer-Marketing." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Företagsekonomi, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36374.

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Kristiansen, Natalie, and Linn Fernebrand. "Hur skönhetsinfluencers skapar interaktion genom Instagraminlägg : En studie av bild-, inläggs- och interaktionsvariablers påverkan på interaktion- och affektionsvärde." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44463.

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I det ständigt förändrande digitala landskapet har det för företag växt fram nya möjligheter för marknadskommunikation och sociala media marknadsföring (SMM) har blivit en stor del av företags marknadsstrategier. En växande trend är att använda sociala media influencers (SMI) för exempelvis reklamsamarbeten eller varumärkesexponering. Forskning inom området tyder på att marknadskomunikation med hjälp av SMI:s är effektivt men varför en del SMI:s är mer effektiva än andra framgår inte tydligt. Därför valdes detta område som fokus för studien, med syftet att undersöka vilka variabler inlägg med högt interaktions- och affektionsvärde innhåller. Detta med intention att etablera ett ramverk som företag kan använda vid val av SMI.Studien är en explorativ undersökning av deduktiv ansats, innehållande två kvantitativa innehållsanalyser vilka undersöker totalt 77 intagraminlägg från 17 svenska skönhetsinfluencers. Resultatet påvisade att det finns en tydlig korrelation mellan specifika variabler och högt interaktion- och affektionsvärde. Resultatet visar att inlägg som förekommer inom kategorin hög interaktion och hög affektion antingen innehåller en bild på SMI:n eller denne tillsammans med anhöriga samt använder emojis i inläggstexten. En slutsats kunde dras gällande värdet av att SMI:n även interagerar med sina följare samt har ett inläggsmönster och värderingar som som stämmer med de företag som ett samarbete avses ingås med. Även vikten av parasocial interaktion vilken skapas genom tillit och intimitet till SMI:n belyses i studiens slutsats.
In the ever-changing digital landscape, new opportunities for marketing communication have emerged for companies. Social media marketing (SMM) has become a large part of companies marketing strategies and a growing trend is to use social media influencers (SMI) by, for example, advertising collaborations or exposure of a brand. Research indicates that this trend is effective for marketing communication. However, there are no studies on why some SMI:s are more effective when it comes to marketing communication on Instagram than others. Therefore, the researchers chose to design a study where selected variables ¬¬were examined in instagramposts to determine which variables constitute high interaction and affection value. For the purpose of establishing a framework for what companies should keep track of when choosing to collaborate with an SMI.The study is an exploratory study with an deductive approach that contains two quantitative content analyzes and examined a total of 77 Instagram posts from 17 Swedish beauty influencers.The results showed that there is a clear correlation between specific variables and high interaction- and affectionvalue. Furthermore, the results show that posts that occur in the category of high interaction and high affection contains either a picture of the SMI or the SMI together with relatives. The use of emojis also occur in this category. The conclusion refers to the importance of a SMI:s interaction with its followers. It also proves important to having a post pattern that matches with the value of the brand which a collaboration is initiated with. In addition to this, the study's conclusion highlighted the importance of creating a strong parasocial interaction (PSI) by incorporating trust and intimacy of the followers.
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Kotenová, Lenka. "Analýza komunikace influencerů z pohledu brand marketingu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-359837.

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Influencer marketing passed through a significant development toward social media in last few years. Influencers, who are in power to influence through their channels, grew into more important part of brand marketing communication. The purpose of this thesis is an analysis of typical signs, tendencies and measurements of campaigns on certain current examples of biggest czech influencers.
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Gabrielsen, Matilda, and Sofia Qvarnström. "Influencers påverkan på kunders tillit i förhållande till företags varumärke." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för ekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-30363.

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Syfte: Syftet med studien är att analysera konsumenters tillit gentemot varumärken där företag använder influencers i marknadsföringen via sociala medier. Studien utgår från ett kundperspektiv.   Metod: Studien har utgått från kvantitativ metod där empirisk data samlats in utifrån en webbaserad enkätundersökning. Enkäten genererade 101 svar varav 95 var representativa. I SPSS bearbetades datan och analyserades därefter genom deskriptiv analys, korrelationsanalys och regressionsanalys. Resultatet användes sedan för att skapa diskussion som mynnar ut i studiens slutsats.   Resultat och slutsats: Studiens resultat indikerar att influencers på Instagram är betydande för kunders tillit till ett företags varumärke. Kunder uppskattar influencers rekommendationer, vilket påverkar kundernas köpbeteende positivt. Influencers ses som en pålitlig tredje part, vilket tyder på att företags ärlighet till kunder påverkas positivt. Resultatet visar även att företag behöver beakta marknadsföringens budskap för att det ska upplevas informativt och inspirerande istället för påtryckande. Strategiskt användande av influencers bidrar således till kunders ökade tillit.    Examensarbetets bidrag: Det teoretiska bidraget tillför kunskap kring influencer marketing och tillit, som studerats utifrån ett kundperspektiv. Teoretiska antaganden som lyfts fram ur tidigare forskning inom området har både styrkts och bekräftats. Studiens praktiska bidrag är att öka företags förståelse för tillämpning av influencer marketing i marknadsföringsstrategin. Därmed kan marknadsföringen bli mer kraftfull med möjlighet att förbättra kunders tillit till varumärket.   Förslag till vidare forskning: Förslagsvis kan vidare forskning studera andra aspekter av kunders tillit gentemot varumärke, såsom kommunikation och kunders rekommendationer, för att därigenom få en djupare förståelse hur tillit verkar i relation till kunder och varumärke. Ytterligare förslag till framtida forskning är att studera andra plattformar än Instagram samt att utöka studiens urval.
Aim: The purpose of the study is to analyze consumers trust in brands when companies use influencers in their social media marketing. The study is based on a customer perspective.   Method: The study was based on a quantitative method where the empirical data were collected through a web-based survey. A total of 101 responses were collected, and 95 of them were representative. In SPSS, the data was processed and then analyzed by using descriptive analysis, correlation analysis and regression analysis. The result was in turned used to conduct a discussion that led to the study's conclusion.   Results and conclusion: The results indicate that influencers on Instagram have an impact on customer trust. Customers appreciate recommendations from influencers, which positively affects their buying behavior. Influencers also has a positive effect in companies´ honesty to customers. The results show that the marketing message should be informative and inspiring to increase the brands trust. Strategic use of influencer marketing would thus contribute to customers' trust.   Contribution of the thesis: The theoretical contribution is about the customer perspective being studied in influencer marketing and trust. Previous research is both strengthened and confirmed. The practical contribution is to increase companies understanding of the application of influencer marketing in their marketing strategy. In this way, marketing can be more powerful with the possibility of improving customers' trust in the brand.   Suggestions for further research: Further research may study further aspects of customers' trust in the brand. In order to achieve a deeper understanding of how trust works in relation to customers and brands, factors such as communication and customer recommendations could be studied. Further research may also study a different platform than Instagram and a more extensive sample.
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Pehrson, Cajsa. ""Badfluence eller influence?" : En kvalitativ studie om hur unga kvinnor upplever tillförlitligheten hos olika källor om risker relaterade till coronapandemin, och huruvida influencers förhållningssätt till dessa risker på sociala medier har en inverkan på unga kvinnors förståelse för och beteende i förhållande till dessa risker." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-36196.

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When the Corona pandemic left its mark on Swedish society in the spring of 2020, the Swedish Public Health Agency began to introduce general advice and recommendations to avoid risky behaviours and thus reduce the spread of infection. Not least established media work to ensure that the public is kept up to date on risks related to the corona pandemic, but there is concern about influencers' attitudes to these risks on social media. This is because of their influence on their followers. The purpose of this study was to investigate how young females experience the reliability of different sources about risks related to the corona pandemic, and how they experience that influencers relate to the risks on social media and whether this has an impact on their own understanding of and behavior in relation to the risks. This with the help of the theories two-step hypothesis and risk culture, as well as qualitative semi-structured interviews with six young women between 18-25. The results show that the respondents see influencers on social media as role models but turn primarily to the Swedish Public Health Agency and established news media for reliable information about risks related to the corona pandemic - rather than to influencers. Respondents agree that influencers generally send misleading signals about the risks on social media. But despite primary trust in the public health authority's and established media, influencers have to some extent an impact on respondents' understanding of and behavior in relation to risks. Influencers' undesirable behavior in relation to the risks makes it more difficult for the respondents to determine whether the Public Health Agency's advice and recommendations apply and contributes to the respondents being more natural to behave in a similar, undesirable way.
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Engström, Frida, and Jini Christoffersson. "Influencer Marketing : En framgångsrik strategi beroende på målgruppensålder." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-14578.

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Vi lever i ett konsumtionssamhälle där vi dagligen blir exponerade för reklam i alla dess olika former. Företag försöker ständigt komma på nya innovativa marknadsföringstekniker för att nå fram i mediabruset, där Influencer marketing identifierats som en av de mest framgångsrika marknadsföringsmetoderna i nutid. Tidigare forskning som pekar på strategins framgång har mestadels gjorts på en yngre målgrupp. Därmed har vi identifierat ett gap i litteraturen och ämnar att undersöka vilken effekt denna marknadsföringsmetod har på en äldre generation. Studiens syfte är att undersöka vilken relation kvinnor i ålder 50-65 har till Influencer marketing, samt få en bild av vad som influerar deras vilja att köpa kläder för eget bruk. Som ett delsyfte ämnar vi även att undersöka vilka personliga egenskaper företag bör leta efter hos en Influencer, för att kvinnor i åldern 50-65 ska ta till sig deras budskap. Vi har använt oss av kvalitativa metoder med induktiv ansats. Främst av semi-strukturerade intervjuer i form av fokusgrupper samt metoden foto elicitation interview. Studien visar ett tydligt resultat på att Influencer marketing på sociala medier inte är en framgångsrik marknadsföringsmetod på denna målgrupp. Främst på grund av att respondenterna inte använder sociala medier i den utsträckning som krävs för att detta ska vara en möjlig marknadsföringsmetod. Däremot visade sig traditionell reklam och personer i omgivningen har stor påverkan på klädvalen. Väljer man trotts detta att använda sig av Influencer marketing är trovärdighet, identifikation och karisma tre viktiga personligaegenskaper som målgruppen uppskattar hos en potentiell Influencer.
We live in a consumer society where we daily are being exposed for advertising in all its different forms. Companies are constantly striving to find new innovative marketing techniques that will break through the media noise, where Influencer marketing has been identified as one of the most successful marketing strategies of today. Previous research that points to the strategy's success has mostly been done on a younger target group. Thus, we have identified a gap in the literature and intend to investigate the effect of this marketing method on an older generation. The purpose of the study is to investigate what relationship women at the age 50-65 have to Influencer marketing, as well as get an idea of what influences their wish to buy clothes for personal use. A subsidiary aim is also to investigate what personal attributes businesses should look for in an Influencer, for women aged 50-65 to embrace their message. We have used qualitative methods with inductive approach. Mainly semi-structured interviews in the form of focus groups, complemented with the method photo elicitationinterview. The result shows that Influencer marketing on social media is not a successful marketing strategy for this target group. Mainly because the respondents do not use social media to the extent required for this to be a possible marketing method. On the other hand, traditional advertising and people in their surroundings showed to hold great influence when it comes to the choice of clothes they wear. Although, if you choose to use Influencer marketing to target these women, trustworthiness, similarity and charisma are three key personal attributes that the target audience appreciates in a potential Influencer.
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Petersen, Gustaf. "Redefining Influencers : Scrutinizing the Term Social Media Influencer from a Public Perspective and Examining its Role in the Modern Media Landscape." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, JMK, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-152082.

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This paper explores how influencers can be categorised using a self-administered questionnaire. In doing so, the study can contribute to an understanding of the phenomenon that is more extensive than what previous research has attributed. The focus of this paper is on how influencers can be better understood for the benefit of public relations (PR), marketing, and communication. The purpose of this project is to investigate whether the term influencers (short for social media influencers) are defined by scholars in a similar fashion to how the study sample categorises influencers. Thus, the research question of the study is to examine if the study sample finds the term influencer applicable to the five suggested categories that are stated in the survey. The results from this study show that scholars commonly confine the phenomenon of influencers to bloggers, vloggers, and instagrammers. However, the results from the survey indicate that the study sample has a broader perception of the phenomenon. According to the participants, all suggested categories are fitting the term influencer, namely: blogger/vlogger/instagrammer, celebrity, athlete, entrepreneur, politician. Although the latter, politician, is deemed the least fitting category. Thus, the findings in the study show that there is a discrepancy between the public perception of how to define influencers and previous research in the field. This implicates that public relation practitioners need to rethink how they perceive and apply influencer marketing. Using influencers for marketing purposes requires organisations to execute a thorough selection process to ensure a suitable partnership.
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Hornemark, Malin. "Kommunicera CSR genom influencer marketing: utmaningar och möjligheter : – en kvalitativ studie." Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för teknik och samhälle (TS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-44732.

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Syfte: Syftet är att skapa förståelse för hur företag arbetar med CSR och om det är möjligt att använda sig av influencers som marknadsföringsverktyg när detta arbete ska förmedlas. Syftet är också att ta reda på om denna marknadsföring har några underliggande utmaningar och möjligheter.  Metod: Studien utgår från en kvalitativ metod med en induktiv forskningsansats. Den empiriska datainsamlingen omfattar tio semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförda med två urvalsgrupper, bestående av företag och konsumenter. Den empiriska insamlingen har analyserats med en tematisk analys och en SWOT-analys. Studiens diskussion har utförts genom att relatera empirin till teorin.  Resultat & slutsats: Resultatet har visat att företag inte arbetar enligt en traditionell utformning av CSR utan att snarare en uppdatering av begreppet som numera benämns som ”hållbarhet”. De tre dimensionerna som CSR består av utgör fortfarande grunden även i revideringen. Influencers går att använda i kommunikation av hållbarhet men det finns flertalet underliggande nyckelfaktorer som bör tas i beaktning innan verktyget implementeras.  Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Faktorerna har sammanställts i en SWOT-analys som förslag till vidare forskning. Framtida studier kan studera fler svenska företag och se om dessa funna faktorer instämmer med varandra. Vid ett sådant tillfälle kan en tydligare modellering göras för hur denna typ av marknadsföring bör genomföras.
Purpose: The aim is to create an understanding of how companies work with CSR and whether it is possible to use influencers as a marketing tool when CSR is being communicated. The purpose is also to find out if this communication has any underlying challenges or opportunities.  Method: The study is based on a qualitative method with an inductive research approach. The empirical data consists of ten semi-structured interviews conducted with two selection groups, consisting of companies and consumers. The empirical data has been analyzed with a thematic analysis, a SWOT-analysis and the study’s discussion has been done by relating the empirical material to the theoretical references.  Result & conclusion: The result has shown that companies do not work according to a traditional design of CSR, but with an updated version of the concept, now to be referred as ”sustainability”. The three fundamental dimensions in CSR is still the basis of the renewed CSR. Influencers can be used in the communication of CSR/sustainability but there are several underlying challenges and threats that should be considered before implementing the tool.  Suggestions for future research: The challenges and opportunities have been summarized in a SWOT analysis and the summary is the proposal for future research. Future studies can be to study other Swedish companies and see if these found factors agree with each other. If this is the case, a better– more developed – version of the model can be done for how this type of marketing should be carried out.
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Hsiao, Shih-Hui. "SOCIAL MEDIA ANALYTICS − A UNIFYING DEFINITION, COMPREHENSIVE FRAMEWORK, AND ASSESSMENT OF ALGORITHMS FOR IDENTIFYING INFLUENCERS IN SOCIAL MEDIA." UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/busadmin_etds/8.

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Given its relative infancy, there is a dearth of research on a comprehensive view of business social media analytics (SMA). This dissertation first examines current literature related to SMA and develops an integrated, unifying definition of business SMA, providing a nuanced starting point for future business SMA research. This dissertation identifies several benefits of business SMA, and elaborates on some of them, while presenting recent empirical evidence in support of foregoing observations. The dissertation also describes several challenges facing business SMA today, along with supporting evidence from the literature, some of which also offer mitigating solutions in particular contexts. The second part of this dissertation studies one SMA implication focusing on identifying social influencer. Growing social media usage, accompanied by explosive growth in SMA, has resulted in increasing interest in finding automated ways of discovering influencers in online social interactions. Beginning 2008, many variants of multiple basic approaches have been proposed. Yet, there is no comprehensive study investigating the relative efficacy of these methods in specific settings. This dissertation investigates and reports on the relative performance of multiple methods on Twitter datasets containing between them tens of thousands to hundreds of thousands of tweets. Accordingly, the second part of the dissertation helps further an understanding of business SMA and its many aspects, grounded in recent empirical work, and is a basis for further research and development. This dissertation provides a relatively comprehensive understanding of SMA and the implementation SMA in influencer identification.
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Häregård, Edvardsson Emma, and Linnea Boestam. "How credible is the incredible influencer? : A study examining what factors affect the perception of credibility in influencer marketing." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-37139.

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Problem formulation: What factors affect the consumers perception of credibility in influencer marketing on social media? How and why do certain factors affect the credibility of influencer marketing? Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to understand what factors affect the perception of credibility in influencer marketing on social media. Moreover, the aim is to understand how and why certain factors affect the credibility in influencer marketing in order to elaborate a conceptual model consisting of factors generating credible influencer marketing. Theoretical framework: The theoretical framework of this paper consists of existing theories regarding social identity theory, perception, brand communication, word-of-mouth (WOM), celebrity endorsement and social influencers. Methodology: This study is conducted through both a quantitative and a qualitative study with a deductive approach. The collection of primary data consists of an online survey where 120 respondents participated followed by five qualitative interviews. In order to determine what aspects to examine, a conceptual model was created based on the previous findings within credibility in WOM and celebrity endorsement. The secondary data building the theoretical framework of this thesis are collected from peer reviewed articles published in scientific journals as well as books. Empirical findings: The empirical findings consist of the result from the qualitative and quantitative study. The result of the quantitative study presents the outcome from 24 Likert scale items presented in text, charts and tables. The empirical findings from the qualitative study presents the outcome from the interviews conducted through personal communication face to face or through Skype and are presented in text that are strengthened with citation from the interviews. Conclusion: The findings show that the credibility in influencer marketing is positively affected by the perception of the influencer being a credible source and the influencer and the brand being a good fit.
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Kreuger, Amanda, and Sabina Broman. "Influencer Marketing : Relationen mellan företag och Influencers." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-14576.

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Idag är sociala medier en stor del i dagens samhälle och det kan ses mer eller mindre som en självklarhet är ständigt vara uppkopplad. Dessa sociala plattformar har öppnat upp för en ny typ av marknadsföring, nämligen Influencer Marketing. Genom denna form av marknadskommunikation ger influencers företagen en möjlighet att genom deras kanaler nå en ny målgrupp. Då vi har studerat tidigare forskning inom ämnet har vi identifierat ett forskningsglapp när det kommer till hur arbetsrelationen, i influencer marketing-samarbeten, ser ut mellan företag och influencers. Denna studie syftar därför till att studera just denna relation utifrån ett marknadsföringsperspektiv för att se till hur dessa två parter tillsammans arbetar för att upprätthålla deras egna och varandras image. För att få ett djup i vår studie samt för att förstå både företagets och influencerns sida har vårt empiriska material samlats in genom kvalitativa semistrukturerade intervjuer. Dessa intervjuer har analyserats tillsammans med tidigare forskning utifrån ett kvalitativt förhållningssätt.
Social media is a big part of today’s society and it may seem as a certainty to constantly be available and online. These social platforms have opened the door for a new kind of marketing strategy, the Influencer Marketing. Through this new marketing communication companies are given the possibility to target a new group of customers through the social media channels of the influencer. By studying previous research of the topic we have identified a gap in the research regarding how the business relationship, within Influencer Marketing, between the involved company and influencer work. This paper’s purpose is therefore to study said relationship from the perspectives of marketing to acknowledge how the two parties work together to maintain and uphold the own and each others image. To gain a depth in our paper and to understand the company’s as well as the influencer’s perspective the empirical material has been gathered through several qualitative semistructured interviews. These interviews have been analysed alongside previous research through a qualitative approach.
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Ferdinands, Ellese Chloe Hoadley. "Social Media Influencers (SMIs): Essays on Instacapital, Its Forms and Its Relationships with Market Actors." Thesis, University of Sydney, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/22701.

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The online social media influencer (SMI) phenomenon has become recognisable as not only offering legitimate career pathways, but also as a space and field that has created profitable personal brands. The rise of SMIs has been enabled particularly by the growth of the social networking platform Instagram, allowing individuals to share their lifestyles with their followers through images, text and video. Instagram has helped SMIs access the means through which they can monetise their social life and to co-create branded and sponsored content. The result is marketing budgets being increasingly assigned to SMI promotions and collaborations. The need, therefore, for more theoretical and practical understanding of SMIs and their interaction with market actors including brands and the newly emergent SMI agencies (a professionalising industry) is apparent. Hence, in-depth interviews with a range of Australian SMIs and SMI agencies were conducted, followed by a visual narrative analysis of the images and texts in the SMIs’ Instagram posts. This methodology was used as a basis for three essays, each exploring a distinct aspect of how SMIs generate, maintain and transform “Instacapital” in the online field. The first essay maps the SMI landscape using the Bourdieusian idea of “cultural intermediaries” (Bourdieu, 1984). It examines key actors within this field, the co-creation between different types of lifestyle (micro, macro and power) SMIs, and emergent mediating agencies and brands, highlighting what the industry recognises as legitimate SMI success (online social capital). The essay highlights the emergent and key role of the SMI agency/agent as a significant cultural intermediary in this process. The second essay employs Bourdieu’s (1993) examination of the “circle of belief” idea to examine how the practices employed by SMIs facilitate the generation of online social, cultural and economic capital and the processes by which legitimacy is constructed within the online social sphere of influence. The essay further explicates the role of the agency as a cultural intermediary in “producing” and legitimating the “person brand” of the “power” SMI. The final essay focuses on the transitional pathway of the SMI from being a micro SMI to power SMI or person brand. It introduces the notion of “affective capital” (Arvidsson, 2013) into the online social influence field, which is traced from the data as being derived from four types of distinct “sub-capital”. Namely, attention capital (van Krieken 2012), authenticity capital (Gnegy, 2017), aesthetic capital (Colliander & Marder, 2018) and feminine capital (Huppatz, 2009) to collectively create a distinct form of “meta-capital” (Couldry, 2003), which helps create a person brand. This study shows how the person brand serves a key part in linking (Gnegy, 2017) consumers affectively by using their affective capital (Arvidsson, 2013) to the object brands for whom they serve as “ambassadors” in a symbiotic relationship. The three essays help to explain the way by which affective capital works to help bind the object brand with the person brand. They bring together an understanding of how social media influencers (in the Instagram world) are mediated and produced by the agencies, while serving as cultural intermediaries themselves by leveraging their affective capital online to bind consumers ever closer to object brands. The data reveals the significance of SMI (person brand) interchanges with (object) brands for the value co-creation of profitable collaborations, creating and building strong affective capital into rich brand-to-brand relationships. Hence, these three essays collectively build a theoretical understanding of the SMI industry, as well as provide a practical understanding on how to identify, match and leverage SMIs’ affective capital from their online follower base to build strong consumer-to-object brand relationships. As a result, these SMI person brands are discussed as being a kind of cultural intermediary themselves, by serving this affective linking function for object brands. These essays form the basis for a stronger theoretical understanding of how online social capital can be understood as working to build affective links between object brands and their consumers and their (SMIs’) own publics (Arvidsson, 2013). The affective intensity or the social imaginary (Arvidsson, 2013) created by the SMI around themselves as a person brand and the object brand are key to harnessing these consumer publics. Hence, it is the affective labour value add that object brands seek when collaborating with the social media influencer sphere.
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Bader, Caroline, Eva-Louise Castefelt, and Louise Gunnarsson. "Influencers Marketing : En fallstudie om NA-KDs nyckel till en god tillväxt." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-15381.

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Begreppet influencer blir mer och mer välkänt för varje dag. Begreppet syftar till ett yrke som vuxit fram i takt med internet. Även om det finns mycket information att tillgå kring fenomenet finns det många aspekter som fortfarande icke blivit belysta. Den information som finns att tillgå kring ämnet är inte heller i vetenskaplig tappning. Syftet med studien är att analysera och redogöra för hur influencer marketing kan påverka tillväxten för ett företag. Härtill studeras influencers inverkan på varumärkesbyggandet i relation till tillväxt. Följande kommer en fallstudie i samarbete med klädföretaget NA-KD presenteras. NA-KDs snabba tillväxt kommer förklaras med lämpligt teoretiska underlag och inte minst av medgrundaren själv. Det moderna sättet att marknadsföra via sociala medier med influencers kommer vidare att undersökas i ljuset av olika aspekter. Hur ett samarbete med en eller flera influencers ser ut kommer att undersökas med koppling till hur strategin har hjälpt NA-KD att växa under kort tid. Varumärkesutveckling och teorier kring ett företags tillväxt är två andra viktiga områden som kommer att studeras för att uppsatsen ska få en relevant och genomtänkt slutsats. Alla presenterade teorier kommer att kopplas till NA-KDs egna tillväxt. Metoden vald för följande uppsats är av den kvalitativa typen. Empiriinsamlingen kommer att bestå av en intervju med en medgrundare i fallföretaget, NA-KD. Vidare kommer företagets hemsida och Instagramkonton observeras, likaså kommer fyra utvalda influencers konton observeras. Även sekundär data så som NA-KDs årsredovisning samt en överskådlig presentation av ett par konkurrenter läggs fram. Efter analys av empirin trädde tydliga slutsatser fram. Kopplingar mellan influencer marketing och tillväxt blev ett klart faktum. Likaså blev samarbetet mellan företaget och person förtydligat. Det stod även klart att NA-KD ligger rätt i tiden och grundades när influencers redan vuxit fram och fått en stor inverkan.
The term influencer is becoming more and more known for each day. The term aims at a profession that has emerged in line with the internet. Although there is much information available about the phenomenon, there are many aspects that have not yet been illuminated. The information available on the subject is also not of scientific sort. The purpose of the study is to analyze and explain how influencer marketing can affect the growth of a company. In addition, influencers affect the brand building. Following thesis will consist of a case study in collaboration with the clothing company NA- KD. The rapid growth of NA-KD will be explained by appropriate theoretical evidence, and not least by the co-founder himself. The modern way of marketing through social media with influencers will be investigated in light of various aspects. How cooperation with one or more influencers looks will be investigated in conjunction with how the strategy has helped NA-KD grow in a short period of time. Brand development and theories about a company's growth are two other important areas that will be studied in order for the thesis to have a relevant and well-reasoned conclusion. All theories presented will be linked to NA-KD’s own growth. The method chosen for the following thesis is of the qualitative type. The empirical collection will consist of an interview with a co-founder of the chosen company, NA-KD. Furthermore, the company's website and Instagram accounts will be observed, as well as four selected influencer's accounts that will also be observed. As well as secondary data such as the NA-KD annual report and a review of a few competitors will be presented. After analysis of the empiric data, clear conclusions emerged. Linkages between influencer marketing and growth became a clear fact. Likewise, cooperation between the companies and individuals was clarified. It was also clear that NA-KD was founded when influencers had already grown and had a major impact. Following thesis will be in Swedish.
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Håkansson, Christoffer, and Frida Magnusson. "Influencer marketing from a sensory marketing perspective : Social Media Influencers’ impact on the lack of tangibility online." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-95776.

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The purpose of this thesis has been to investigate the phenomenon of shopping-hauls from a consumer perspective. Along with exploring ifconsumers’ purchasing behavior is affected by shopping-hauls, the aim is to provide insights into the phenomenon and how it affects consumers. In particular, the study aspires to understand whether consumers perceive shopping-hauls as a possible substitute for the need for touch. If so, shopping-hauls could be used to decrease uncertainty online. This thesis was conducted using a qualitative research method, with semi-structured interviews. The respondents in the interviews were consumers living in Sweden with knowledge of shopping-hauls. Twenty-five consumers participated in the interviews for the thesis, and they are all anonymous. The thesis has followed an inductive research approach to gain deeper understanding of the phenomena of shopping-hauls and receive new insights based on the respondents’ experiences. The literature review in this thesis includes theories about influencer marketing, sensory marketing, and online consumer behavior. Furthermore, the conceptual framework demonstrates the relationship between the mentioned theories. The empirical results of the thesis highlights challenges and opportunities which might occur when consumers make purchases online, as well as provides insights into how shopping-hauls are perceived by consumers. Based on these results, we created a three-step model for developing a strategy where shopping-hauls are used to reduce the consumer’s uncertainty when shopping online. The three steps are: Selection of influencer, identify the consumer, and evaluation.
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Olsson, Evelina. "Ytliga låtsasvänner och reklampelare i ett : En kvalitativ studie om följares uppfattning om influencers och deras samarbeten." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för humaniora, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-33354.

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Syftet med denna studie är att studera vilken relation följare har till influencers, utifrån följarens perspektiv. Studien ämnar även undersöka hur deras publicering av betalda samarbeten på sociala medier bemöts av följarna. För att besvara studiens frågeställningar har jag använt mig av en kvalitativ undersökningsmetod, genom att utföra sex individuella intervjuer med kvinnor i åldrarna 22–27 år.Studien använder teorier såsom Tvåstegshypotesen, Multistegshypotesen, kommunikationsformen Word Of Mouth samt Parasocial Interaction Theory. Jag har också använt mig av tidigare forskning som belyser Konsumtionssamhället och identitet, Kändisar som opinionsbildare, Undersökningar om uppfattningar om reklam, Visuellt meningsskapande på internet och Influerare som entreprenörer. Resultatet av denna studie visar att följare och influencers har en ytlig relation, en relation som innebär att följaren vill bli inspirerad och när inspirationen inte längre existerar eller upphör, då avföljs influencern. Studien visar också att följare kan uppleva influencers samarbeten som negativa, till exempel säger respondenterna att dessa samarbeten kan skapa ett behov av att konsumera mer. Trots den negativa upplevelsen av samarbeten på sociala medier förlitar sig följarna mer på dessa, än vad de gör på traditionell reklam.
The purpose of this essay is to study how influencers and their publication of collaborations on social media are perceived by the followers. To answer the research questions, I have used a qualitative survey method, by conducting six individual interviews with women in the age between 22–27. The study is written based on the theory of The Two-Step Hypothesis, Muliti-step Flow of Communication, Word of Mouth and The Parasocial Interaction Theory. I have also used previous research on Consumer Society and Identity, Celebrities as Opinion Leaders, The User Experiences with Advertising, Visual Meaning on the Internet and New ideals of femininity and entrepreneurship. The result of this study shows that followers and influencers have an superficial relationship, and a relationship that the followers wants to be inspired by the content. When the inspiration no longer exists or ends, the followers unfollow the influencer. The study also shows that followers has critical distancing opinions regarding influencer marketing, because it creates increased consumption. Despite the negative experience of collaborations, the followers find collaborations on social media more trustworthy than traditional advertising.
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Gustafsson, Angelina, Elise Hallberg, and Jenny Ta. "Användarnas attityd kring influencer marketing via sociala medier : En kvantitativ studie om användandet, attityder och strategier." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-25450.

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Idag handlar marknadsföring inte längre bara om att kommunicera ut ett budskap till en kund, utan även att hjälpa till att skapa ett bra intryck så att kunderna börjar kommunicera och föra budskapet vidare. I och med digitaliseringen kan företagen använda sig av olika sociala kanaler för att nå ut till en större räckvidd och förmedla sitt budskap till en större grupp konsumenter. Förr kunde en bra Tv-reklam eller annons i tidningen vara tillräcklig för att konsumenten skulle vilja köpa produkten men idag räcker inte det. Idag kan konsumenter enkelt använda sig av sociala medier för att hitta inspiration och bli påverkade i sin köpprocess och sina beslut. I takt med att fler använder sociala medier bör även företagen följa. På grund av den digitala utvecklingen har allt fler företag valt andra marknadsföringsstrategier för att kunna nå ut till en större räckvidd bland konsumenterna. Ett exempel är genom sociala medier som har fått en större betydelse när det kommer till marknadsföring, reklam och kommunikation. Användarna inom sociala medier har även ökat exponentiellt varje år, vilket är en anledning till att allt fler företag väljer att använda sig av sociala medier som en marknadsföringsstrategi. I denna studie kommer användandet av sociala medier granskas och attityden kring influencer marketing via dessa kanaler undersökas. Syftet är att undersöka utfallet av denna typ av marknadsföring samt vilka marknadsföringsstrategier som bör tillämpas av företagen med hjälp av dessa kanaler. Vidare är även syftet med denna studie att lägga grunden och kartlägga attityder för att man i vidare forskning ska kunna fördjupa sig inom området. För att kunna svara på studiens forskningsfrågor har en kvantitativ forskningsmetod tillämpats. En kvantitativ ansats ansågs mest lämplig eftersom målet var att kunna uppnå ett mer representativt och brett resultat som möjligt. Studien resulterade i att influencer marketing via sociala medier hjälper företag att nå ut till fler potentiella konsumenter med färre resurser. Användandet av sociala medier är hög och kommer att fortsätta öka, därmed kan marknadsföring via dessa kanaler leda till att dess budskap når ut till en större räckvidd. Studien har även resulterat i att attityden gentemot influencer marketing via sociala medier är relativt positivt men att det kan bli för mycket reklam vilket leder till irritation. Därmed är det viktigt som marknadsförare att hitta en balansgång, där det inte blir för mycket reklam men ändå inte för lite. Sammanfattningsvis anser vi att denna strategi lyckats med något som traditionell marknadsföring har försökt med i decennier.
Today, marketing is no longer just about communicating a message to a customer, but also helping to create a good impression so that customers begin to communicate and convey the message further on. With digitalization, companies can use different social channels to reach a wider reach and convey their message to a larger group of consumers. In the past, a good TV commercial or advertisement in a magazine could be enough for the consumer to want to buy the product, but today it is not enough. Today, consumers can easily use social media to find inspiration and be influenced in their buying process and decision-making process. As more people use social media, companies should follow. Due to the digital developments, more and more companies have chosen other marketing strategies to reach a wider range of consumers. An example is through social media which has become more important when it comes to marketing, advertising and communication. Social media users have also increased exponentially each year, which is why more and more companies are choosing to use social media as a marketing strategy. In this study, the use of social media will be researched and the attitude of influencer marketing through these channels will be examined. The purpose is to investigate the outcome of this type of marketing as well as how the marketing strategies should be applied by the companies using these channels. Furthermore, the purpose of this study is also to lay the groundwork and map out attitudes so that in further research it will be possible to immerse in the field. To be able to answer the study's research questions, a quantitative research method has been applied. A quantitative approach was considered most appropriate as the goal was to be able to achieve a more representative and broad result as possible. The study proves that marketing via social media helps companies reach more potential consumers with fewer resources. The use of social media is high and will continue to increase, thus marketing through these channels can lead to its message reaching a wider range of people. The study has resulted in the attitude towards influencer marketing via social media being relatively positive, but when there is too much advertisement it leads to irritation. Therefore, it is important as a marketer to find the right balance, where there is not too much advertisement but not too little. In conclusion, we believe that this strategy has succeeded with something that traditional marketing has tried for decades. This study will be written in Swedish.
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41

Nordqvist, Jannike, and Evelina Andreasson. "Influencers : En studie om unga kvinnors mottaglighet av influencer marketing på sociala medier." Thesis, Högskolan i Borås, Akademin för textil, teknik och ekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hb:diva-15849.

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Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka vilken betydelse influencer marketing på sociala medier har på unga kvinnor i åldern 18-25 år, samt om det har någon inverkan på unga kvinnors köpintentioner. För att uppfylla syftet har två forskningsfrågor undersökts och denna empiriska studie har baserats på en kvalitativ undersökning genom en enkätstudie och två fokusgrupper. Influencer marketing anses vara ett effektivt marknadsföringsverktyg som innebär att företag använder sig av influencers för att nå ut till fler konsumenter och sprida företagets produkter och tjänster. Resultatet av studien visar på att influencers öppenhet och trovärdighet påverkar unga kvinnors uppfattning av influencer marketing samt på deras köpintentioner. Influencer marketing ansesvara mer trovärdigt än traditionell reklam, vilket även bidrar till att konsumenterna köpintentioner ökar i en eftersträvan efter gemenskap, tillhörighet eller enbart inspiration. Hur unga kvinnor påverkas i deras köpintentioner av influencer marketing på sociala medier är bådevarierande och individuellt. Konsumenter tar till sig informationen från influencer marketing på olika sätt, vilket leder till en varierad påverkan på unga kvinnors köpintentioner.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the significance of influencer marketing on social media for young women between the ages of 18-25 years old, and whether it has any impact on young women's buying intentions. To meet the purpose, two research questions have been investigated and this empirical study has been based on a qualitative research through a survey and semi-structured interviews in the form of two focus groups. Influencer marketing is considered an effective marketing tool which indicates that companies use influencers to reach out to a bigger number of consumers and spread the information about the company's products and services. The result of the study shows that the influencers openness and credibility affect young women's perception of influencer marketing and also their buying intentions. Influencer marketing is considered more credible than traditional advertising, which also contributes to consumers increasing buying intentions in the pursuit of solidarity, belonging or just for inspiration. The way that young women are affected in their buying intentions of influencer marketing on social media are both varied and individual. Consumers process the information from influencer marketing in different ways, which leads to a varied impact on young women's buying intentions. This study is written in Swedish.
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Kristiansson, Kajsa, and Mathilda Wahlqvist. "Influencer sökes : En kvalitativ studie av influencers roll inom företags marknadskommunikation." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-64587.

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Syfte och forskningsfrågor Syftet med studien är att klargöra och analysera influencers roll i företags marknadskommunikation. Utifrån detta syfte har följande tre forskningsfrågor formulerats: ❖ Vad präglar influencers roll som marknadsförare? ❖ Vad innebär digitaliseringen för företags sätt att arbeta med sin marknadskommunikation? ❖ Hur har utvecklingen av sociala medier påverkat företags användande av influencer marketing? Metod Uppsatsen är utformad efter en kvalitativ forskningsmetod. Ansatsen kan anses vara av abduktiv karaktär, eftersom forskningsprocessen utgörs av ett växelspel mellan ett deduktivt och induktivt förhållningssätt. Den empiriska datan utgörs av sju semistrukturerade intervjuer där respondenterna anses vara experter inom området. Slutsatser Studiens resultat har visat att digitaliseringen och utvecklingen av sociala medier gjort att företag allt mer använder sig av influencers i sin marknadskommunikation. Således har influencers fått en betydande roll inom företags marknadskommunikation och rollen kan sammanfattas med följande begrepp: Föra en dialog och dela företags berättelser, högre autenticitet, längre räckvidd på fler plattformar, större genomslagskraft, nischa företags marknadsföring samt nå yngre målgrupper, maskerar marknadsföringen, bygger och ansvarar för företags varumärken och förlust av kontroll.
Purpose and research questions The purpose of this study is to clarify and analyse influencers’ role in corporate marketing communications. With this purpose in mind, the following three research questions have been formulated: ❖ What characterizes influencers’ role as marketers? ❖ What does the digitalization mean for companies’ ways of working with their marketing communication? ❖ How has the development of social media affected companies’ use of influencer marketing? Method The essay is designed according to a qualitative research method. The research approach could be considered as abductive, since the research process comprises of an interaction between a deductive and inductive approach. Furthermore, the empirical data consists of seven semi-structured interviews where the respondents are considered experts in the field. Conclusion The study’s results have shown that the digitalization and the development of social media have increased the use of influencers within corporate marketing communications. Thus, influencers have gained a significant role in corporate marketing communication, and the role can be summarized with the following concepts: Conducting a dialogue and sharing the companies’ stories, higher authenticity, longer reach on various platforms, greater impact, niche the company’s marketing and reach younger target groups, disguise marketing, build and be responsible for a corporate brand and at last loss of control.
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Bylock, Caroline, and Tove Lidberg. "#Incollaborationwith : The importance of using influencer marketing in order to create brand awareness in international markets for e- commerce companies." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-76857.

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The purpose of this thesis is to provide a deeper understanding of the reasons why ecommerce companies work with influencer marketing in order to create brand awareness in international markets. In order to conduct this research, relevant aspects of the phenomenon have been identified and consequently analysed in relation to traditional marketing strategies and international markets. By following a qualitative research method, a deeper understanding of the phenomenon and how companies use influencer marketing vs traditional marketing strategies can thereby be acquired. This was done by acquiring primary data from four different e-commerce companies that works with influencer marketing. The companies are all located in Sweden and active in international markets. The thesis has followed a deductive research approach, due to that the research area was considered to be rather unexplored, and thus a better pre understanding of the research area seemed warranted. Furthermore, the literature review that has been done includes theories related to international marketing, social media, word of mouth, brand awareness and influencer marketing. The literature review has resulted in a conceptual framework, which demonstrates the relations between the different theories. The conceptual framework has thereafter been used in order to analyse the empirical data, which has been derived from the interviews with representatives from four companies. The empirical findings are then presented together with analysis and discussion in the following chapter. Moreover, the empirical findings/analysis chapter visualizes the similarities and the dissimilarities between the theory and the findings. The analysis chapter additionally involves a discussion and is structured in accordance with the conceptual framework and the questions asked. The following and final chapter of the thesis presents the conclusions that have been derived from the analysis. The main theoretical implications that this thesis has resulted in, involves filling the research gap as well as providing a definition of the phenomenon of influencer marketing in a context of international business. The main practical implication is that an understanding of influencer marketing creates word of mouth and brand awareness. This in a combination with being active on social media can consequently help e-commerce companies to internationalize into new markets. As this thesis introduces the phenomenon of influencer marketing in a new context, it provides new information about the topic. Furthermore, the research can be valuable for e-commerce companies that have entered, or plan to enter an international market. The authors furthermore present the theoretical and practical implications and provide recommendations and suggestions for future research.
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Romare, Strandh Maria. "Influencer: Vän eller förebild? : En kvalitativ intervju- och bildanalysstudie om ungdomar och influencers i sociala medier." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Sociologi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-35403.

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Denna studie undersöker ungdomar och influencers i sociala medier. Syftet är att studera hur ungdomar beskriver influencers, hur deras relation till influencers ser ut och vilken roll influencers har i ungdomars liv. Tidigare forskning har visat att ungdomar spenderar mest tid online jämfört med andra åldersgrupper och influencers används ofta i marknadsföringssyfte, eftersom de anses trovärdiga. Influencers har även en viktig samhällelig normskapande funktion. Genom semistrukturerade intervjuer via direktmeddelandeapplikationer och kvalitativ bildanalys har berättelser från 12 skolungdomar i Sverige i åldrarna 15–18 år, och 18 bilder och videor från tre populära svenska influencers utgjort studiens empiriska material. Med hjälp av de teoretiska begreppen självpresentation, referensgrupp och förebilder analyserades materialet med en fenomenologisk utgångspunkt. Resultatet visar att ungdomar definierar en influencer som en person med många följare som kan påverka andra, men ungdomarna är samtidigt motvilliga att säga att de blir påverkade. Ungdomarna upplever inte att det finns en vänskapsrelation mellan dem och influencers, utan snarare en gemenskapskänsla som kan härstamma från influencers inbjudande intrycksstyrning. Influencers kan ses som betydelsefulla för ungdomar i rollen som förebild och som en inspirationskälla. Tillsammans skapar och förkroppsligar ungdomar och influencers samhälleliga normer om bland annat skönhet och genus.
This thesis examines adolescents and influencers on social media. The aim is to explore how adolescent define influencers, their relationship and influencers role in their lives. Previous findings suggest that adolescents spend a great deal of time online and influencers are often used in marketing as well as help shape societal norms. The thesis uses semi-structured interviews via instant messaging and qualitative visual analysis. The material consists of 12 interviews with adolescents in Sweden between 15-18 years old and 18 posts by three popular Swedish influencers. The theoretical framework covers concepts of self-presentation, reference group and role models. The results show that adolescent describe an influencer as someone with a lot of followers that tend to influence others, but at the same time, adolescents are reluctant to admit that they are influenced. According to the interviewees in the study, no friendship exists between adolescents and influencers. Instead there is a feeling of community, which might be the result of influencers’ inviting self-presentations. Influencers are significant to adolescents as role models, especially as sources of inspiration. Adolescents and influencers create and embody norms concerning beauty standards and gender, and finally, adolescents expressed different expectations of influencers due to their background.
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45

Nygren, Amanda, and Evelina Kindvall. "Money Making Characteristics of an Influencer : An explanatory study of the relationship of influencers’ characteristics on consumers’ purchase intentions." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-85303.

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Background: Influencer marketing is a rather new marketing strategy where companies use influencers to promote their products and services on their own social media platforms. Previous studies have shown that companies use influencer marketing for creating purchase intentions for the consumer, whereas other studies have indicated three different characteristics of an influencer, authenticity, attractiveness and trustworthiness, that are important to possess in order to be able to influence its followers, which is why this study wanted to do a combination of these types of studies. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explain the relationship between influencers’ characteristics and consumers’ purchase intentions. Methodology: This quantitative study used a deductive approach and had an explanatory purpose, along with a cross-sectional research design. This study also presented a new model, including three hypotheses that assumed a positive relationship between the characteristics of an influencer and consumers’ purchase intentions. In order to collect data, a questionnaire was shared online, both through a convenience sampling technique and a snowball sampling technique, which resulted in 195 responses that passed the qualification questions. Findings: Two of the hypotheses within the proposed model were rejected, which meant that Authenticity and Attractiveness of an influencer did not show to have a positive relationship with consumers’ purchase intentions. Hypothesis 3 (H3) was however accepted, and it was shown that 14,8 % of consumers’ purchase intentions is explained by influencers’ Trustworthiness.   Conclusion: This study contributes with the theoretical implications that there is a relationship between the characteristic Trustworthiness of an influencer and consumers’ purchase intentions, along with the managerial implications which helps companies and marketers to know what characteristics to look for in an influencer when they want to create purchase intentions for consumers. Keywords: Attractiveness of an influencer; authenticity of an influencer; influencer characteristics; influencer marketing; influencers; purchase intentions; social media; trustworthiness on an influencer.
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46

Wabnitz, Luise. "Influencer-Kommunikation deutscher Bibliotheken." Hochschule für Technik, Wirtschaft und Kultur, Leipzig, 2019. https://slub.qucosa.de/id/qucosa%3A34076.

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Influencer werden in der öffentlichen Wahrnehmung seit einigen Jahren zunehmend präsenter. Sie sind besonders einflussreiche Social-Media-Nutzer mit hohen Reichweiten und deshalb attraktive Kooperationspartner für Werbung. Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht Formen der Zusammenarbeit zwischen Influencern und Bibliotheken mit dem Ziel, künftig Hilfestellung zur Einführung erfolgreicher Kooperationen zu bieten. Die Formenvielfalt der Zusammenarbeit wird an konkreten Beispielen aus der bibliothekarischen Praxis dargestellt. Dazu wurden Experteninterviews mit Bibliotheksmitarbeitern und Influencern geführt, die bereits zusammengearbeitet haben. Die Bandbreite reicht von monatlichen Buchempfehlungen einer Influencerin in der Stadtbibliothek Greifswald bis zum etablierten #blogsofa der Stadtbüchereien Düsseldorf. Auch Beispiele aus Buchhandlungen werden einbezogen. Es wird deutlich, dass jede Bibliothek mit Influencern kooperieren kann und je nach individuellen Ressourcen verschiedene Formen möglich sind. In einem Leitfaden für die Praxis werden sechs Schritte erläutert, welche die Einführung erfolgreicher Kooperationen künftig unterstützen können. Angesprochen sind vor allem Social-Media-Beauftragte in Bibliotheken, aber auch das interessierte Fachpublikum. Die Ergebnisse sind für alle Bibliothekstypen relevant, Beispiele mit Öffentlichen Bibliotheken überwiegen jedoch. Ebenso ist die Arbeit für Influencer von Interesse, die eine entsprechende Zusammenarbeit anstreben.
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47

Agebro, Jennifer, and Lilian Karat. "#Sponsrat inlägg : En kvantitativ studie om konsumenters påverkan av influencer marketing på Instagram." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-38620.

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Social media has, with the digital world development, grown hugely and is now a well integrated part of our daily life. A strategy that has grown widely and strong in conjunction with this, is the marketing phenomenon influencer marketing. Where the businesses use social media, like Instagram, to market their products and services, and to communicate their brand to the customers. It is all about a relationship between the business, the influencer and the customer. To succeed with this, it takes that the influencer is a trustworthy person, with a loyal following-crowd. The power has, with this development of the digital world, moved from the businesses to the customer and also the influencer. With this said, we can see a purpose in examining the consumer perspective, where the power really lies. After examining previous research, we discovered a gap where they had not researched enough regarding the consumer perspective. Previous research has focused on the business perspective. This study therefore aims to examine the consumer's attitudes regarding influencer marketing. With the aim to understand, to what extent they are affected by this marketing method. To help with this we have decided to use research questions regarding how consumers considers that their purchasing behavior is affected by influencer marketing, what the consumers attitude towards influencer marketing is, in the terms of trust and confidence, and what helps to increase their willingness to buy. To get a wide perspective, we choose a quantitative research method where 155 survey were distributed online, on Facebook and LinkedIn. Beyond this, secondary data has been used, with support in previous research regarding the subject influencer marketing. Throughout the study, two keywords have recurred, trust and confidence. These has with the study shown to be a vital factor, when it comes to consumers attitudes regarding influencer marketing. Businesses have to create trust towards the customers, through creating genuine relationships, much with the help from the influencers.
Sociala medier har, i takt med den digitala världens utveckling, växt enormt och är nu en väl integrerad del i vår vardag. En strategi som växt sig stark i samband med detta är marknadsförings-fenomenet influencer marketing. Där företagen använder sig av sociala medier så som Instagram, för att marknadsföra sina produkter och tjänster samt kommunicera sina varumärken utåt till konsumenterna. Makten har, i och med den digitala världens utveckling, förflyttas från företagens händer till konsumenten och även influencern. Därmed kan vi se ett syfte att undersöka just konsumentperspektivet, där ju faktiskt makten ligger. Efter att ha granskat tidigare forskning upptäckte vi ett gap där fokus inte legat tillräckligt kring konsumentperspektivet, utan fokuserat till större del på företagsperspektivet. Denna studie syftar därmed till att undersöka konsumenternas attityder till influencer marketing. Med syftet att förstå i vilken utsträckning konsumenterna anser att de påverkas av denna typ av marknadsföring. Till hjälp har vi valt att använda oss av forskningsfrågorna gällande hur konsumenterna anser att deras köpbeteende påverkas av influencer marketing, vad konsumenterna har för inställning till influencer marketing - i termerna tillit och förtroende, samt vad som bidrar till en köpvilja hos konsumenterna. För att få ett brett perspektiv, valdes en kvantitativ forskningsmetod, där 155 enkäter delades ut online - på Facebook och LinkedIn. Utöver detta har sekundärdata använts, med stöd i tidigare forskning kring ämnet influencer marketing. Under hela studien har två nyckelbegrepp återkommit, förtroende och tillit, som i och med denna studie har visat sig vara vitala faktorer, när det handlar om konsumenternas attityder gentemot influencer marketing. Företagen måste därmed skapa förtroende hos konsumenterna, detta genom att skapa relationer, till stor del med hjälp av influencers. Vi kan i studien se resultat på att tilliten till influencer marketing generellt är låg, men att individer ändå påverkas av denna typ av marknadsföring och därmed exempelvis väljer att handla produkter som influencers gör reklam för.
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Pavlovic, Emilia, and Ida Mårtén. "Vad gör att inlägg på Instagram leder till försäljning? : En kvantitativ studie om Instagrams påverkan på konsumenter." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-40465.

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Introduction: Companies’ interest in social media have been radically increased recently. Marketing is no longer the same as it has been before and today's society has left the traditional marketing behind. Society has contributed to the fact that companies have realized the need to possess and utilize social media as a marketing strategy. Aim: The purpose of the study is to find out which post leads to sales on Instagram and which products can be sold on Instagram. Method: The study is based on a quantitative research method where the response is analyzed from Microsoft Excel and SPSS. Results: The result shows the total statistics of the quantitative survey in the form of tables, figures and hypotheses. Conclusion: The study falsifies and verifies the hypotheses. The study concludes that marketing on Instagram leads to ever higher purchasing decisions for consumers. Posts with the product category clothes, accessories and furnishings are sold better than other products on Instagram.
Inledning: Företags intresse för sociala medier har ökats radikalt den senaste tiden. Marknadsföring är inte längre på samma sätt som den varit och dagens samhälle har lämnat den traditionella marknadsföringen bakom sig. Samhället har bidragit till att företag har insett behovet i att besitta och nyttja sociala medier som en marknadsföringsstrategi. Syfte: Syftet med denna studie är att genom en undersökning förklara vilka inlägg som leder till försäljning på Instagram samt vilka produkter som går att sälja på Instagram. Metod: Studien grundas på en kvantitativ forskningsmetod där responsen analyseras från Microsoft Excel och SPSS. Resultat: Resultatet visar sammanlagda statistiken av den kvantitativa undersökningen i form av tabeller, figurer och hypoteser. Slutsats: Studien falsifierar och verifierar hypoteserna. Studiens slutsats är att marknadsföring på Instagram leder till allt högre köpbeslut för konsumenter. Inlägg med produktkategorin kläder, accessoarer och inredning säljs bättre än andra produkter på Instagram.
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Abrahamsson, Caroline, Israelsson Jennifer Lezis, and Viktoria Nilsson. "Identifying influencers on Instagram : Important factors to consider when identifying influencers to use for sponsorships and collaborations." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-38264.

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The growth of the Internet and social media has led to companies considering the use of influencers in sponsorships and collaborations on Instagram. The subject has been problematized and the gap found is a need for a framework combining different factors when identifying influencers, which resulted in the following research question; From both a company- and consumer perspective, which factors are important to take into account when identifying an influencer for sponsorships and collaborations on Instagram? The purpose is first to identify and incorporate important factors discussed in previous research into a proposed framework, which aims to be used when identifying influencers to sponsor on Instagram. Second, after conducting the empirical research, the framework is extended depending on the new collected information. Background theories and concepts that lay the foundation to influencer marketing are presented. Also, previous frameworks regarding identification of influencers are introduced. The theoretical framework chapter is concluded with a proposed framework alongside introducing the factors. Abductive research strategy is used as well as a method triangulation, using both a qualitative and a quantitative approach. The study is an explorative research due to conducting both a documentary analysis and a questionnaire. The factors studied have shown to be of different importance for companies and consumers. The findings indicate that there are multiple types of influencers. The Updated influencer identification model consists of seven important factors; ideal, trust, popularity, productivity, managing sponsorships and collaborations, information content and visual aspect.
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Su, Yiran. "ATHLETIFICATION: ATHLETIC IDENTITY AS AN ASPIRATIONAL CONSUMPTION SIGNAL ON SOCIAL MEDIA." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/553392.

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Tourism and Sport
Ph.D.
This dissertation focuses on the digital presentation of athletification, a process through which non-athletes incorporate an athletic identity into their self-concept. Although many studies have explored consumer behavior driven by team identification and how athletes manage impressions on social media, extant literature has devoted little attention to the symbolic meaning of virtual athletic identity and its impact on consumption from a non-athlete’s perspective. Using a multimethod approach, this dissertation is divided into three standalone essays and examines the following in the context of influencer marketing: 1) the use and role of digital athletic identity in building a digital self-brand; 2) the motivation and consequences of constructing a digital identity; and 3) the impact of a digital athletic identity on consumers. This dissertation contributes to the literature by constructing a theoretical foundation for athletification as a self-branding tool on social media and uncovering its influence on consumers’ attitudes and behaviors. These studies offer insights for social media influencers and marketers attempting to leverage their impacts on consumers. Findings also provide actionable strategies that could improve the promotional messages presented online.
Temple University--Theses
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