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1

Robinson, Melissa Aubrey. "A Man Needs a Female like a Fish Needs a Lobotomy: The Role of Adjectival Nominalization in Pejorative Meaning." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1157617/.

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This thesis documents the grammatical processes and semantic impact of innovative ways to pejoratively reference individuals through adjectival nominalization. Research on nominalized adjectives suggests that when meanings shift from having one property (1) to becoming a kind with associated properties (2), the noun form often encodes stereotypical attributes: [1] "Her hair is blonde." (hair color); [2] "He married a blonde." (female, sexy, dumb). Likewise, the linguistic phenomenon of genericity refers to classes or kinds and different grammatical structures reflect properties in different ways. In 1 and 2 above, the shift from adjectival blonde to indefinite NP a blonde moves the focus from the definitional characteristic to the prototypical. Similarly, adjectival gay [3] is definitional, but the marked, nominal form [4] adds socially-based conceptions of the "average" gay (example from Twitter): [3] jesus christ i make a joke and now im a gay man? (sexuality) [constructed]; [4] jesus christ i make a joke and now im a gay? … (flamboyant, abnormal). To investigate innovative reference via nominalization, two corpus studies based in human judgment were conducted. In the first study, a subset of the corpus (N=121) was annotated for pejoration by five additional linguists following the same guidelines as the original annotator. In the second study, 800 instances were annotated by non-experts using crowd-sourcing. In both studies we find a correspondence between nominal status and pejorative meaning.
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2

Wissner, Inka. "Les diatopismes du français en Vendée et leur utilisation dans la littérature : l'œuvre contemporaine d'Yves Viollier." Thesis, Paris 4, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA040111/document.

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Cette thèse de doctorat étudie l'utilisation discursive des régionalismes, ou diatopismes, du français en alliant les perspectives de la linguistique variationniste et de l'analyse du discours. L'étude fournit un développement conceptuel, terminologique et méthodologique détaillé en matière de diatopie et des contraintes qui pèsent sur l'usage de diatopismes dans le discours. Elle explicite en particulier la méthode d'analyse appliquée en termes différentiels, pour la description des diatopismes et l'interprétation des sources et des enquêtes de terrain menée par l'auteure, ainsi que pour l'analyse du discours. À partir de l'analyse des procédés discursifs qui présentent les diatopismes en autonymie (les mises en relief) et de leur distribution discursive, un nouveau paradigme sociopragmatique permet d'interpréter les caractéristiques pragmatiques et sociolinguistiques des diatopismes dans le discours. Le corps de l'analyse est présenté sous la forme d'articles dictionnairiques, complétant un modèle lexicographique différentiel de rubriques qui sont consacrées aux aspects discursifs et sociopragmatiques des diatopismes étudiés. L'analyse philologique porte sur tous les diatopismes qui sont mis en relief dans l'ensemble des vingt-six romans grand public du Vendéen Yves Viollier, publiés de 1972 à 2009, et qui appartiennent à la communauté sociolinguistique de ce dernier. L'étude montre que les mises en relief, tributaires de l'orientation réaliste des romans étudiés, sont relativement rares, et que la création de l'ethos du 'régional' passe dans ceux-ci par un choix original de diatopismes, et non par des clichés largement partagés
This doctoral dissertation studying the use of French regionalisms, or diatopicisms, in literature, is situated in the fields of variationist linguistics and of discourse analysis. The study offers a detailed description of the concepts and current terminology in the recent discipline of Francophone differential linguistics as well as in the related branches of French discourse analysis. It pays particular attention to the methods applied in the identification of diatopic elements and the interpretation of existing sources – completed by field studies conducted by the author – as well as for an appropriate discourse analysis of diatopicisms in literature. Developing a new sociopragmatic paradigm, the author analyses the strategies that present meta-linguistically highlighted diatopicisms and their textual distribution in order to interpret what these procedures say obliquely about the diatopicisms in terms of their pragmatic and sociolinguistic characteristics. The large corpus analysis is presented in the form of dictionary articles, based on a model developed in French differential lexicography, and enriched by sociopragmatic sections. The author analyses all highlighted diatopicisms in the twenty-six popular novels of Yves Viollier which belong to the latter's sociolinguistic community (Vendée). The study shows that the strategies highlighting diatopicisms in the analysed novels – published from 1972 to 2009, realist and partly regionalist – are relatively rare. The ethos of the novelist's home region is partly created by the use of diatopicisms – but this is achieved through original choices, rather than largely shared stereotypes
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3

Nkurikiye, Sylvestre. "The pragmatics of Kirundi marriage discourse : speech acts and discourse strategies." Virtual Press, 1991. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/833004.

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This dissertation is a descriptive study of speech acts encoded in Kirundi marriage transactional discourse and the strategies used by the participants to encode them and attempts to understand the interrelationships between the speech acts and the strategies.Chapter 1 states the objectives and describes the data to be studied and the approach to go about it. Chapter 2 provides the reader with some background information on Burundian society and culture in the area of matrimony.Chapter 3 explores the conversation activities and the management of the interactions between the interactants in the sociocultural context of marriage transactions. Formality participation status are discussed and shown to be crucial factors for the semantic and pragmatic interpretation of the participants' verbal contributions. Chapter 4 investigates the nature and the function of the speech acts performed by the interactants. The speech act identification and categorization are based on the social aspects of linguistic action and on the conventionality and contextuality of discourse. Chapter 5 inquires into the strategies applied by the interactants to encode and decode them. Chapter 6 is a summary and conclusion.
Department of English
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4

Li, Citing. "Chinese EFL learners' pragmatic and discourse transfer in the discourse of L2 requests." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2009. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43085763.

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5

Lin, Jiaying. "Pian zhang xian jie de yu yong fen xi = Pragmatic analysis of discourse cohesion /." click here to view the fulltext click here to view the abstract and table of contents, 2004. http://net3.hkbu.edu.hk/~libres/cgi-bin/thesisft.pl?pdf=b17982273f.pdf.

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6

Thomas, J. "The dynamics of discourse : A pragmatic analysis of confrontational interaction." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372937.

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7

Taranto, Gina Christine. "Discourse Adjectives /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3099909.

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8

林嘉穎. "篇章銜接的語用分析 = Pragmatic analysis of discourse cohesion." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2004. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/549.

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9

Heimerdinger, Jean-Marc. "The narrative clause in old Hebrew : the perspective of discourse analysis and pragmatics." Thesis, University of Reading, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318579.

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10

Li, Citing, and 李茨婷. "Chinese EFL learners' pragmatic and discourse transfer in the discourse of L2 requests." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2009. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43085763.

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11

Gokcen, Ajda Zeynep. "A Matter of Debate: Using Dialogue Relation Labels to Augment (Dis)agreement Analysis of Debate Data." The Ohio State University, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1462813013.

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12

Diaz-Davalos, Gabriela. "Creating and Re-Creating Political Discourse Through Government Texts in an Urban Mexican Community: A Case Study of Ciudad Satélite." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/534134.

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Spanish
Ph.D.
The present dissertation examines social stratification, as well as social inequality and its reproduction through government textual representations in a community in the outskirts of Mexico City: Ciudad Satélite. Using a Critical Discourse Analysis approach and interdisciplinary methodological tools, this study defines the type(s) and salient features of discourse used in government written communication in Cd. Satélite, as well as how some discursive strategies operate. The objective of the analysis is to illuminate how citizens interpret government communication in the subject community, and to illustrate how the Plain Language campaign has impacted such community. Chapter I demarcates the analytical background and guidelines, and it reviews several studies that focus on oral and written discourse in order to establish the basis of the communicative relationship between citizen and government. It also explains the relation of the subject community to the structure of the Mexican government. Chapter II provides a detailed description of Ciudad Satélite, the corpus and the surveyed citizens, and it also establishes the relation to the analytical guidelines. It also explains the methods used for the collection of linguistic and graphic data, and it demarcates how data was sorted and coded. The data analyses are in Chapters III and IV. Chapter III broaches linguistic accessibility of government written communication through a quantitative analysis of readability indexes as a way to shed light on accessibility of government documents. It explains the terminology, significant markers of readability and how they relate to each other. It then explores readability levels of documents, tasks, and government offices, and how and which particular social groups interact with texts using variables such as gender, age, education, occupation and identity. Chapter IV takes a multimodal approach of salient identified modes through qualitative and quantitative approaches. It considers citizens’ reaction to semiotic data and incorporates their responses in the analysis, which aim to describe the political representations in the linguistic landscape of the subject community and how citizens perceive such representations. This chapter also explores the type of persuasion used by government in the subject community through specific graphic images. Chapter V provides a discussion of all relevant data that aims towards explaining how certain meanings are perceived and thus created and maintained in the government-citizen text interaction. It explores accessibility of government linguistic resources considering readability indexes, modal representations and symbolic power, in order to show the unequal access to institutionally controlled linguistic resources.
Temple University--Theses
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13

Kharrat, Laila Kiblawi. "An Age-based Etic Analysis of Orthographic Variation in Computer-mediated French Discourse." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc407821/.

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This study examines orthographic variation in synchronous computer-mediated French discourse. All nontraditional variations of selected frequently occuring items are quantified in order to provide an etic (i.e., from an external perspective) analysis. The primary variable of interest is age since this study focuses on providing a comparison of chat participants in their twenties versus those in their fifties. The widespread claim is that younger people communicate using more informal and/or nontraditional forms than older people; however, the results of the present study suggest that this is not always the case. The main finding of the present study is that the twentysomethings and the fiftysomethings produce the nontraditional orthography in a similar fashion in 52.2% of the terms, and in a non-similar fashion in 47.8% of the terms. Following the presentation and discussion of the results, directions for future research are provided.
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14

Williams, Gregory T. "How Can Truth-Claims of Voter Fraud Influence Public Policy? A Political Discourse Analysis." Thesis, Fielding Graduate University, 2019. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13861751.

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Voter-identification (ID) proponents claim that requiring voters to present photo-ID cards prevents fraud. Supported by a comprehensive empirical review, voter-ID opponents argue that significant voter fraud is nonexistent and that such restrictive laws suppress turnout of historically disenfranchised peoples. By analyzing testimonial letters to a state-legislature committee hearing, I show how repeating the false truth-claims can produce wide acceptance, through outright deception and cognitive biases. Focusing on the State of Kansas, my paper asks, “How do proponents of strict voter-ID laws frame their cases for relevant legislation?” and “Where does the research originate that they cite in state legislative hearings to support their claims?” From a content-analysis method of tallying critical words, phrases, and concepts, I tailored a discourse-analysis (DA) discipline. While analyzing grammatical structures, I focused more on the specific social, cultural, and political significances. Using terms and phrases such as “Those” “diseased” “Others” are “stealing Our way of life,” the political DA reveals that voter-ID proponents dehumanize the alleged perpetrators of voter fraud (often referenced as “illegals”). My five primary findings reveal how voter-ID proponents bolster their claims: arguing that their opponents willfully undermine democracy with voter fraud; fostering solidarity, dividing “Us” from the fraudulent voting “Others”; cultivating racism; manipulating legislators with urgent warnings; and buttressing their arguments with anecdotes, biased sources, and demonstrable lies. By revealing the persuasive powers of such discursive techniques, my paper provides a qualitative, critical nuance to the quantitative studies that address voter fraud.

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15

Saeed, Aziz T. "The pragmatics of codeswitching from Fusha Arabic to Aammiyyah Arabic in religious-oriented discourse." Virtual Press, 1997. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1063206.

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This study investigated the pragmatics of codeswitching from FuSHa Arabic, the high variety of Arabic (FA), to Aammiyyah Arabic, the low variety or vernacular (AmA), in the most formal type of discourse, namely religious-oriented discourse.The study posited the following five hypotheses:1) CS occurs with considerable frequency in religious discourse; 2) these switches are communicatively purposeful; 3) frequency of CS is related to the linguistic make-up of the audience addressed, 4) to the AmA of the speaker, and 5) to the section of the discourse delivered.To carry out the investigation, the researcher analyzed 18 audio and videotapes of religious discourse, delivered by 13 Arabic religious scholars from different Arab countries. Ten of these tapes were used exclusively to show that CS occurs in religious discourse. The other eight tapes were used to investigate the other hypotheses. The eight tapes involved presentations by three of the most famous religious scholars (from Egypt, Kuwait, and Yemen) delivered 1) within their home countries and 2) outside their home countries.Three of the five hypotheses were supported. It was found that: CS from FA to AmA occurred in religious discourse with considerable frequency; these switches served pragmatic purposes; and the frequency of the switches higher in the question/answer sections than in the lecture sections.Analysis showed that codeswitches fell into three categories: iconic/rhetorical, structural, and other. The switches served numerous communicative functions, some of which resemble the functions found in CS in conversational discourse.One finding was the relationship between the content of the message and the attitude of the speaker toward or its source. Generally, what the speakers perceived as [+positive] was expressed by the H code, and whatever they perceived as [-positive] was expressed by the L code. Scrutiny of this exploitation of the two codes indicated that FA tended to be utilized as a means of upgrading, whereas AmA was used as a means of downgrading.
Department of English
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16

Castineira, Benítez Teresa Aurora. "Exploring political, institutional and professional discourses in Mexico a critical, multimodal approach /." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/70422.

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17

Yilmaz, Erkan. "A Pragmatic Analysis Of Turkish Discourse Particles: Yani, Iste And Sey." Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12604853/index.pdf.

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Adopting an eclectic analytic perspective of discourse analysis, conversation analysis and functional approaches, this study conducts an in-depth pragmatic analysis and describes the function of three pragmatic particles yani, iSte and Sey in casual, conversational Turkish. All three particles have multiple functions, which are described by reference to occurrences in utterances within three different domains of conversation. While utterance initial occurrences of yani are mainly connective and continuative, the utterance final placement of yani mainly acts as a situating particle with a strongly interactional nature. The utterance medial occurrences are basically &lsquo
self-editing&rsquo
whereby the speaker marks the clarification of a point in his/her prior talk. iSte mainly acts as a frame particle demarcating utterances as containing detailed, highlighted, and reported information as well as connecting distant pieces of utterances. The third particle Sey basically marks the speaker&rsquo
s temporary mental effort of extracting the linguistic information from the memory. In addition to its major role in repair organisation whereby marking its producer&rsquo
s verbal planning and word search, Sey displays caution and discretion and marks politeness when assessing/asserting something about the self or the other.
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18

Saberi, Kourosh. "Routine Politeness Formulae in Persian: A Socio-Lexical Analysis of Greetings, Leave-taking, Apologizing, Thanking and Requesting." Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Social and Political Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7887.

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Speakers of Persian, like speakers of other languages, utilise Routine Politeness Formulae (RPF) to negotiate central interpersonal interactions. RPF in Persian have not received any systematic description as to their forms, their functions, their typical conditions of use and their discourse structure rules. Bridging this gap, for the first time, RPF from five frequently-used speech acts – namely, greeting, leave-taking, apologizing, thanking and requesting – are documented in this thesis. Data were derived from Persian soap operas and from role-plays with native speakers, and were entered into a database for further analysis. The analysis is qualitative and the data are conceived of as phraseological units to be represented as dictionary entries. The study of the aforementioned speech acts and their related array of RPF reveals the dynamics of interpersonal polite behaviour among Persians, reflecting the following socio-cultural values prevalent in Iranian society: (i) its group-oriented nature, (ii) a tendency towards positive (solidarity) politeness, (iii) sensitivity to remaining in people’s debt, (iv) sensitivity to giving trouble to others, (v) a high premium on reciprocity in interpersonal communications, (vi) the importance of seniority in terms of age and social status, and (vii) differentiation between members of the ‘inner circle’ and the ‘outer circle’. This thesis also reveals the dominance of the strategy of self-lowering and other-elevating. Almost all RPF in Persian allow for the use of this pervasive strategy, which is also manifested by two further sub-strategies: (i) a propensity to exaggerate favours received from others, and (ii) giving precedence to others over oneself. Finally, it is suggested that Islamic teachings have significantly influenced the formation and use of certain RPF. The dictionary resulting from this work can serve as a resource for researchers in sociolinguistics and pragmatics, and for the teaching of Persian to non-Persian speakers.
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19

Beauchemin, Faythe P. "Languaging Relational-Key in Reading, Writing, Language and Literacy Events: A Microethnographic Discourse Analytic Study." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555600824740447.

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20

Fogle, Evelyn Wright. "Language socialization in the internationally adoptive family identities, second languages, and learning /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/460562377/viewonline.

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21

Szmrecsanyi, Benedikt. "Morphosyntactic persistence in spoken English : a corpus study at the intersection of variationist sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and discourse analysis /." Berlin : Mouton de Gruyter, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40183642m.

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22

Davis, Isabella. "“Es verdad hay q matarlas a todas": Online discourse surrounding “e” as gender-neutral morpheme in Spanish." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1589564406694545.

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23

Castineira, Benítez Teresa Aurora. "Exploring political, institutional and professional discourses in Mexico: a critical, multimodal approach." Australia : Macquarie University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/70422.

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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Faculty of Human Sciences, Department of Linguistics, 2009.
Bibliography: p. 210-223.
General introduction -- A multimodal analysis of the 2006 Mexican presidential campaign billboards -- Study 2: Discourses of obligation and prohibition within an institutional setting -- Study 3: Gatekeeping practices at the LEMO: a multimodal analysis -- General conculsions.
This is a thesis composed of three studies linked by a common critical multimodal approach to the analysis of the data. Fairclough's (1992, 1995) three-dimensional framework was drawn on in order to explore the social practice, discursive practice and text dimensions of the discourses in question. The first two studies focus on printed texts in Mexican Spanish, whereas the third study addresses spoken interaction in English with occasional code switching to Spanish. -- Study 1: A Multimodal Analysis of the 2006 Mexican Presidential Campaign Billboards - This is a joint study (with my colleague Michael Witten and approved by my supervisor and the Department of Linguistics at Macquarie) which analyzes the political discourse of the multimodal and multisemiotic texts that the three major political parties involved in the 2006 Mexican presidential elections produced and extensively distributed through the medium of public billboards. We investigate how these parties express their particular ideologies, construct and convey social identities and relationships, and construct relations of power between themselves and the readers/viewers of these texts, through the medium of billboards. As indicated in the preamble, the methodological framework addresses these issues drawing on Fairclough's (1992, 1995) three-dimensional model of analysis while employing a variety of qualitative techniques, tools, and approaches. -- Study 2: Discourses of obligation and prohibition within an institutional setting - Following the theme of multimodal critical discourse analysis, this study examines the institutionalized discourses of obligation and prohibition at the Library of the Language Faculty (LEMO)*of a public university in Mexico. Six different texts pertaining to various genres ranging from a protocol to notices were examined. Multiple qualitative methodologies and tools such as those drawn from ethnography, critical discourse analysis, and systemic functional linguistics are utilized in the analysis of the data. Power relations between the institution and the library users are examined as well as the conditions of text production and reception, the latter through an ethnographic component. An emphasis is placed on the linguistic text. -- Study 3: Gatekeeping practices at the LEMO - This study investigates one of the gatekeeping practices at the Language Faculty of a public university in Mexico (see above). The particular practice concerned consists of the professional examinations (vivas) that students have to take in order to obtain their degrees of 'Licenciatura en Lenguas Modernas' (BEd in Modern Languages) in the English Teaching section of the university. This study focuses on the professional discourse(s) utilized by both candidates and examiners by means of analyzing the texts of four recorded professional examinations. This study chiefly draws on Goffman's (1959) dramaturgical concepts of 'frontstage' and 'backstage', where the analysis of the frontstage work addresses the Question-and-Answer section of the examinations, and the analysis of the backstage work addresses the subsequent deliberations among the examiners concerning the performance of the candidates. Multiple qualitative methodologies and tools are again drawn upon, such as ethnographic analysis, interactional sociolinguistics and critical discourse analysis. (* Facultad de Lenguas)
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
xii, 233 p. : ill. (some col.)
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24

Lindblad, Inga-Britt. "Lokalradiospråk : en studie av tre lokalradiostationers sändningar." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Humanistiska fakulteten, 1985. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-82892.

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This dissertation presents studies of a socially highly relevant text category, local radio broadcasts. The language of news programmes in particular from three local radio stations - Radio Gotland, Radio Väs­terbotten and Radio Östergötland - has been studied in the light of the intentions behind the introduction of local radio, and the ambitions expressed by the radio people involved. Different factors for analysis and description of local radio language are presented and used in an empirical study of broadcasts from the three stations. Both regional and national variations and differences are taken into consideration. Language and context are analyzed on separate levels: complete news texts, sentences and clauses, words and phonemes. The methods vary from a pragmatic text-typology analysis to a syntactic study based on modern spoken language research. Particular consideration is given to the aspect of local radio language that establishes contact with listeners - greetings, forms of address, and studio talk between items. A receiver-oriented perspective is used to interpret the results - the concept communicative distance, that is to say the distance between the listener and the medium that she/he feels there is on the basis of the language used in the programmes. A demonstrable pattern has been found in the relations between extra- and intra-linguistic factors and what in this study is termed the communicative distance. Compared with that of national radio, the commuicative distance of local radio language tends to be somewhat less. Of the three local radio stations Radio Gotland tends to have the least and Radio Västerbotten the greatest. The book concludes with three perspectives on further research.
digitalisering@umu
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25

Hoff, Mark Randall. "Settledness and Mood Alternation: A Semantic-Pragmatic Analysis of Spanish Future-Framed Adverbials." The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555349686252856.

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26

Oketch, Omondi. "Language use and mode of communication in community development projects in Nyanza province, Kenya." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_2137_1182812003.

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The concept of community development is founded on the premise that changes in the living conditions of people are best effected by the people themselves. The term community evokes the idea of a homogeneous social group who can recognise their common interests and work together harmoniously for their common good. The concerns of the leading development agents and donors in the past two decades have been on empowering communities to participate in their own development by taking control of decisions and initiatives that seek to improve their living conditions. The zeal to address these concerns has in the past decade been pushed with such resounding statements that people&rsquo
s participation in development projects has not only been seen as a basic human right, but also as an imperative condition for human survival. It has been strongly argued in the UNDP reports that the overall development strategy is to enable people to gain access to a much broader range of opportunities.


From this perspective, development as a social activity seeks to ensconce economic liberalisation, freedom of association, good governance and access to free market economy as the guiding tenets of an improved life in all communities in the world. The realization of this dream posed a major challenge to many governments in the Third World and the 1980s saw the emergence of &lsquo
associational revolution&rsquo
&ndash
the proliferation of small-scale non governmental organizations (NGOs) with relative autonomy from the state. The mainstream development agencies perceived the NGOs as the best instruments to instigate changes in the living conditions of the poor and the disadvantaged people. For this reason, NGOs became increasingly instrumental in implementing development objectives in the rural and disadvantaged communities. Development in this sense consists of processes in which various groups are stimulated to improve aspects of their lives particularly by people from outside their community. This has drawn attention to how these outsider- development agents communicate development information particularly due to the sociolinguistic situation in many rural African communities. The real concern is with is that the target majority of the people in the rural areas are not speakers of the dominant languages of the development discourse, in most cases this is the official foreign languages taught in schools.


Communication is a fundamental part in community development programmes and language emerges as a key factor in effective communication and implementation of these programmes. While it is evident that social interactions are sustained by agreeable communicative principles, the role of language and the different mode of communication applied to development interventions have received very little attention from the parties concerned. This has yielded detrimental repercussions in the quality of interaction at the grassroots level. More often than not, it is assumed that once there is a common language, effective communication will take place and for this reason language use and mode of communication are never given much thought in the field of development interaction.

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27

Yamaji, Harumi. "Manipulation of Honorifics in First-Encounter Conversations in Japanese." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195228.

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This study quantitatively and qualitatively examines honorific usage in casual first-encounter conversations between two relatively young people from similar backgrounds. The issues of concern are the frequency of use of addressee and referent honorifics, different types and forms of referent honorifics, reasons behind speech style shifts between honorific and non-honorific forms, and gender differences in honorific usage.Overall, addressee honorifics were predominantly used compared to plain forms, while the use of referent honorifics was limited in the data. The rate of honorific usage ranged greatly depending on the speaker and the conversation. Using too few addressee honorifics, however, has a possibility of offending the addressee in this speech context.Additionally, it was found that female speakers did not necessarily speak more politely (i.e., use more honorifics) than male speakers. The addressee's gender seemed to influence the rate of use of honorifics. Female speakers' use of addressee honorifics was higher in mixed-sex conversations than in single-sex conversations while the opposite was true with male speakers. As for referent honorifics, both genders tended to use more of them in single-sex conversations.As for speech style shifts between honorific forms and non-honorific forms, several contexts in which these were observed are reported. Self-directed questions and expression of feelings, thoughts, and opinions were the two most likely contexts for speech style shifts between addressee honorifics and plain forms. It appears that such style shifts occur to separate the utterances from the main course of conversation to signal that the utterance is not deliberately addressed to the addressee, that the focus is on meaning, or that the utterance constitutes a subspace embedded in the main floor rather than the main floor itself. Additionally, utterance type, increased familiarity with the addressee, speech style adjustment, and the introduction of new topics are suggested as possible contexts for speech style shifts between referent honorifics and non-honorific forms.
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Dubay, Chelsie M. "Handling Authenticity: A Discourse Analysis of Interviews with Signs-following Preachers." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2455.

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The National Geographic Channel’s miniseries “Snake Salvation” resurrected a vested interest with the heavily documented practices of signs-following believers in central Appalachia. The current body of scholarship surrounding these congregations focuses mostly on oral history narratives and explanations of religious fundamentalism; a critical analysis of the discourse shared by these congregation members is noticeably absent. This thesis explores selected interviews with George Hensley, Andrew Hamblin, Jamie Coots, and Alfred Ball through the interdisciplinary application of discourse analysis paired with social disclosure theory to unveil the underlying struggles with power and personal beliefs expressed by each pastor. The research performed throughout this study spans interviews collected and published from the 1940s to 2014. Through a discourse analysis performed on these interviews coupled with support from sociological and communicative theoretical frameworks, this study looks to highlight struggles with power and authenticity present for signs-following pastors.
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Iida, Eri. "Hedges in Japanese English and American English medical research articles." Thesis, McGill University, 2007. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=99723.

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The present study analysed the use of hedges in English medical research articles written by Japanese and American researchers. The study also examined the relationship between Japanese medical professionals' employment of hedges and their writing process. Sixteen English medical articles: eight written by Japanese and eight by Americans were examined. Four of the Japanese authors discussed their writing process through questionnaires and telephone interviews.
The overall ratio of hedges in articles written by the two groups differed only slightly; however, analyses revealed a number of specific differences in the use of hedges between the groups. For example, Japanese researchers used epistemic adverbs and adjectives less frequently than the American researchers. The results were discussed in relation to the problems of nonnative speakers' grammatical competence, cultural differences in rhetorical features, and the amount of experience in the use of medical English.
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30

Watanabe, Tomoko. "Corpus-based study of the use of English general extenders spoken by Japanese users of English across speaking proficiency levels and task types." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19549.

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There is a pronounced shift in English language teaching policy in Japan with the recognition not only of the importance of spoken English and interactional competence in a globalised world, but also the need to emphasise it within English language pedagogy. Given this imperative to improve the oral communication skills of Japanese users of English (JUEs), it is vital for teachers of English to understand the cultural complexities surrounding the language, one of which is the use of vague language, which has been shown to serve both interpersonal and interactional functions in communications. One element of English vague language is the general extender (for example, or something). The use of general extenders by users of English as a second language (L2) has been studied extensively. However, there is a lack of research into the use of general extenders by JUEs, and their functional differences across speaking proficiency levels and contexts. This study sought to address the knowledge gap, critically exploring the use of general extenders spoken by JUEs across speaking proficiency levels and task types. The study drew on quantitative and qualitative corpus-based tools and methodologies using the National Institute of Information and Communications Technology Japanese Learner English Corpus (Izumi, Uchimoto, & Isahara, 2004), which contains transcriptions of a speaking test. An in-depth analysis of individual frequently-occurring general extenders was carried out across speaking proficiency levels and test tasks (description, narrative, interview and role-play) in order to reveal the frequency, and the textual and functional complexity of general extenders used by JUEs. In order to ensure the relevance of the application of the findings to the context of language education, the study also sought language teachers’ beliefs on the use of general extenders by JUEs. Three general extenders (or something (like that), and stuff, and and so on) were explored due to their high frequency within the corpus. The study showed that the use of these forms differed widely across the JUEs’ speaking proficiency levels and task types undertaken: or something (like that) is typically used in description tasks at the higher level and in interview and description tasks at the intermediate level; and stuff is typical of the interview at the higher level; and so on of the interview at the lower-intermediate level. The study also revealed that a greater proportion of the higher level JUEs use general extenders than do those at lower levels, while those with lower speaking proficiency level who do use general extenders, do so at an high density. A qualitative exploration of concordance lines and extracts revealed a number of interpersonal and discourse-oriented functions across speaking proficiency levels: or something (like that) functions to show uncertainty about information or linguistic choice and helps the JUEs to hold their turn; and stuff serves to make the JUEs’ expression emphatic; and so on appears to show the JUEs’ lack of confidence in their language use, and signals the desire to give up their turn. The findings suggest that the use of general extenders by JUEs is multifunctional, and that this multi-functionality is linked to various elements, such as the level of language proficiency, the nature of the task, the real time processing of their speech and the power asymmetry where the time and floor are mainly managed by the examiners. The study contributes to extending understanding of how JUEs use general extenders to convey interpersonal and discourse-oriented functions in the context of language education, in speaking tests and possibly also in classrooms, and provides new insights into the dynamics of L2 users’ use of general extenders. It brings into questions the generally-held view that the use of general extenders by L2 users as a group is homogenous. The findings from this study could assist teachers to understand JUEs’ intentions in their speech and to aid their speech production. More importantly, it may raise language educators’ awareness of how the use of general extenders by JUEs varies across speaking proficiency levels and task types. These findings should have pedagogical implications in the context of language education, and assist teachers in improving interactional competence, in line with emerging English language teaching policy in Japan.
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31

Craig, Joseph Lee. "Re-Inscribing Racial Separation: A Multimodal Discourse Analysis of the News Media's Representations of Race During Hurricane Katrina." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1367331938.

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32

Bowen, William Michael. "The Americanization of Chinese medicine a discourse-based study of culture-driven medical change /." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium access full-text, 1993. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/32660695.html.

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Suaysuwan, Noparat. "English language textbooks in Thailand 1960-1997 : constructing postwar, industrial and global iterations of Thai society through and for the child language learner /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2005. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18722.pdf.

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34

Jih, Tatah Gwendoline. "Multilingualism and identity in new shared spaces :a study of Cameroon migrant in a primary school in Cape Town." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2009. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9599_1298348443.

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This thesis aims to explore the ways in which space patterns regimes of language use and language attitudes among Cameroonian immigrant children in a primary school in Cape Town. The presence of migrants in any classroom represents a significant challenge from the theoretical as well as practical point of view, given that schools are responsible for both socialization and learning (Gajo &
Mondada 1996). Most African countries are going through large-scale migration from rural to urban areas as well as increasing transnational migration due to recent socio-economic and socio-political trends. These flows affect the sociolinguistic economy of the places concerned, not only the individuals within them. Thus immigrants&rsquo
movement into an urban area not only affects their repertoires, as they find themselves confronted with the task of acquiring the communicative resources of the autochthonous population, but also those of the autochthonous population who find themselves confronted with linguistic communicative processes and resources &lsquo
alien&rsquo
to their environment. Similar effects are felt by local educational and other institutions, now faced with learners with widely varying degrees of competence in the required communicative skills. The participants in this study are a group of young migrants from Cameroon where English and French are the two official languages. These learners already have some languages in their repertoire, which may include their mother tongue or either of the two official languages. My focus will be on the multilingual resources of these learners and how they make use of these in the daily life of their new spaces, the school, the homes and community spaces, to construct new social identities.

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35

Mtonjeni, Thembinkosi. "An investigation of discriminatory language used in communicating with South Africans born in Tanzania and Zambia." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80321.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this paper was to investigate the language used in communicating with South Africans born in Zambia and Tanzania during the years of "the struggle" and now repatriated – the returnees. From 1991 the children of the freedom fighters that migrated into exile in the 1960s to avoid the apartheid rule, returned. Some settled with their children in Khayelitsha near Cape Town, but they have found it difficult to fit in. The surge of foreign nationals from Africa who subsequently encountered xenophobic attitudes and allegations of corruption, drug smuggling, contributing to unemployment of South African born citizens and being carriers of HIV/AIDS has contributed to the returnees "new struggle" for integration and adaption as they often share common ancestry, linguistic and physical attributes with foreign nationals. They are denigrated as "amakwerekwere", "my friendoh" or "amagweja". This has happened despite them learning the local indigenous language, isiXhosa. Since the study is phenomenological, a qualitative research was appropriate. In data-collection, interviews were arranged with the returnees in their homes. Critical Discourse Analysis, sociological and historical accounts and sociolinguistic research revealed complex socio-cultural issues of the Xhosa world, which may have complicated the returnees‘ integration experience. The returnees seem to be leading a secluded solitary life as if exiled at home. The study found that in exile the returnees were at times tagged as outsiders, as "wakimbizi", "the Mandelas", "amagorila". On arriving home in the country of their exiled parents, they were again, painfully and unjustifiably, subjected to discrimination and marginalisation. The Xhosa speakers who form the majority of those formerly disenfranchised and marginalised in the Western Cape, and who were expected to be the hosts if not guardians of the returnees, seem not to understand and appreciate the role of the newcomers. That they were instrumental in the mobilisation of objections worldwide against apartheid, racism and human injustice seems to be forgotten. Rather than using their power and heritage to end xenophobia and ensure returnees are part of the future South African social fabric, they are found to be hostile and discriminatory.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om die taal wat gebruik word in kommunikasie met Suid-Afrikaners wat tydens die jare van die vryheidstryd in Zambie and Tanzanie gebore is en nou gerepatrieer is, te ondersoek. Vanaf 1991 het die kinders van persone wat in die 1960s geemigreer het om aan vervolging van die Apartheidsregering te ontsnap, teruggekeer na Suid Afrika. Party het hulle met hul kinders in Khayalitsha naby Kaapstad gevestig, maar hulle vind dit moeilik om in te pas. Die vloedgolf vreemde burgers van Afrika het uiteindelik in sekere omgewings xenofobiese vervolging beleef met verwyte van korrupsie, dwelmsmokkelary, besetting van skaars arbeidsplekke ten koste van Suid Afrikaaners, en verspreiding van HIV/VIGS. Dit het bygedra tot die teruggekeerdes se nuwe stryd om integrasie wat nie noodwendig makliker gemaak is deur kwessies soos gemeenskaplike herkoms met die plaaslike bevolking nie, en ook nie deur ongewone talige en fisiese eienskappe wat die gevolg is van die jare van bannelingskap nie. Die nuwe inkomelinge word beskryf as "amakwerekwere", "my friendoh" of "amagweja". Hierdie soort distansiëring vind plaas ten spyte van die feit dat hulle die plaaslike inheemse taal, isiXhosa, aangeleer het. Aangesien die studie fenomenologies is, is kwalitatiewe navorsing as die gepaste benadering gekies. Data-insameling is gedoen dmv onderhoude met die teruggekeerdes in hul huise. Kritiese Diskoers Analiese, sosiologiese en geskiedkundige verhale en sosiolinguistiese navorsing het getoon dat komplekse, sosio-kulturele kwessies van die Xhosagemeenskap waarskynlik die terggekeerdes se integrasie-ervaring gekleur het. Dit lyk asof die teruggekeerdes ‘n afgesonderde lewe lei, asof hulle bannelinge in hulle eie land is. Die studie het getoon dat die teruggekeerdes tevore ook dikwels as buitestaanders geidentifiseer is terwyl hulle buite Suid-afrika gewoon het, en toe ook geïsoleer is met skeldname soos "wakimbizi", "the Mandelas', "amagorila". Met hulle tuiskoms in die land van hul banneling ouers is kinders wat in die buiteland gebore is weer op dikwels pynlike wyse onregverdelik blootgestel aan diskriminasie en marginalisering. Xhosasprekendes het getel onder die meerderheid van dié wat voorheen in die Weskaap van die stemreg ontneem is, en die verwagting was dat hulle gashere, indien nie die bewaarders van hierdie bannelinge sou wees nie. Dit blyk uit die studie dat hulle nie die rol van die nuwelinge verstaan of ondersteun nie. Dit blyk verder dat plaaslikes intussen vergeet het dat die uitgewekenes destyds instrumenteel was in die mobilisering van wêreldwye protes teen apartheid, rasisme en sosiale onreg. Eerder as om hul mag en erfenis te gebuik om xenofobie te beeindig en om te verseker dat die bannelinge deel van die toekoms van Suid Afrika is, word gevind dat hulle vyandiggesind en diskriminerend is.
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36

Simpson, Alyson Melanie. "It's my turn! : critical discourse analysis and the emergence of gendered subjectivity through children's games /." View thesis, 1997. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030701.110447/index.html.

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37

Araújo, Ana Carolina da Silva Lemos. "O discurso delituoso e jurídico face ao tráfico de drogas : uma análise crítica." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2011. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=672.

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A presente pesquisa aborda o discurso de três atores sociais em torno da modalidade criminosa feminina do tráfico de drogas, na perspectiva que instrumentaliza a relação entre linguagem e sociedade. No estudo aqui proposto serão analisados atores que habitam diferentes instâncias sociais, hegemônicas e ideológicas, aqui nomeadas, dentro do conceito social, de margem e centro. A condição de margem sendo ocupada pela autora do crime (mulher traficante). A condição de centro sendo ocupada por duas leitoras jurídica/sociais do crime (Promotora e Defensora Pública). Nosso objetivo consiste em compreender quais as razões das estratégias, estilo e sentido que compõem a estrutura de cada ethos discursivo, configurados nos posicionamentos hegemônicos e ideológicos assumidos. Direcionamos nossa base teórica na Análise Crítica do Discurso, que reconhece e justifica a relação entre a linguagem e o fenômeno social. Teoria essa que visa o comprometimento com a transformação social. Em nível de análise linguístico-discursiva será dada ênfase maior à perspectiva tridimensional de Fairclough: texto, prática social e prática discursiva. Buscamos compreender então as razões linguístico/sociais para formação do repertório (discurso) jurídico e reclusivo em torno do delito. Para tanto serão aqui trabalhados origens e fundamentos do ingresso e evolução da mulher no universo do crime, da mulher no âmbito jurídico, conceito de prisão, tráfico de drogas, como também teceremos com os conceitos principais da teoria da ACD, como hegemonia, ideologia, poder e polidez. Dessa maneira, nos posicionaremos nas pistas e reflexões autorizadas pelos operadores argumentativos, pelos modalizadores, atos de fala, metáforas e interdiscurso dos representantes sociais da margem e do centro
The present research addresses the speech of three social actors around the female criminal form of trafficking in drugs, in the perspective that exploits the relation between language and society. The proposed study will analyze actors who inhabit different social, ideological and hegemonic instances, here named margin and center, according to the social concept. The condition of margin is filled with the criminal (a female drug dealer), while in the condition of the center are two legal/social readers of the crime, a prosecutor and a public defender. Our goal is to understand the reasons of strategies, styles and meaning that make up the structure of each discursive ethos, set on the hegemonic and ideological placements assumed. The focus of our theoretical basis is the Critical Discourse Analysis, which recognizes and explains the relation between language and social phenomenon, theory which seeks the commitment to social transformation. At the level of linguistics discourse analysis a major emphasis will be given to Norman Fairclough tridimensional perspective: text, social practice and discursive practice. We seek to understand then the linguistic/social reasons to formation to the legal and reclusive repertoire (speech) around the crime. With this intent the present research broaches origins and foundations of the entry and evolution of women in the world of crime, women in the juridical sphere, concept of imprisonment and drug traffic, but we will also focus the concepts and fundamental postulates of the ACD theory, such as hegemony, ideology, power, ethos and politeness. Thus, we position ourselves on the clues and reflections authorized by argumentative operators, by the modalizing terms, speech acts, metaphors and the interdiscourse of margin and center social representatives
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38

Bridges, Judith C. "[X]splaininggender, race, class, and body: Metapragmatic disputes of linguistic authority and ideologies on Twitter, Reddit, and Tumblr." Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7750.

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This study investigates the language of “citizen sociolinguists,” everyday users of social network sites (SNS) who contribute to the discourses about language on Twitter, Reddit, and Tumblr, platforms with distinctive user demographics and technological affordances. The data were collected through keyword searches for mansplain, whitesplain, richsplain and thinsplain, metapragmatic neologisms which are lexical blends of the verb explain and one of four social categories. Disputes of macro-level ideologies are revealed by users’ creative meaning-making strategies and metapragmatic awareness of micro-level texts and utterances. Making use of the linguistic practices of the SNS, as well as the concisely-compacted semantic and pragmatic meanings of the four splain words, users come to evaluate communicative dynamics between speakers who differ from or relate with others in their experiences of sex, skin color, economic status, and physical form. Drawing on elements of Citizen Sociolinguistics (Rymes & Leone, 2014) with Critical Discourse Analysis (Fairclough, 1989) and Computer-Mediated Discourse Analysis (Herring, 2004), I question how users make metapragmatic judgements to convey varying meanings of the four focal words, and how the uses of [x]splain and the surrounding discourses illuminate socio-ideological values about language, about its intersection with gender, race, class, and body size, and the authority to speak on topics that are macro-contextually situated in discourses of privilege, power, and inequality. Lastly, I compare the findings across the three SNS platforms to understand how competing discourses differ in relation to each site’s user demographics, technological affordances and limitations, and subsequent linguistic practices.
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39

Plum, Guenter Arnold. "Text and Contextual Conditioning in Spoken English: A genre approach." University of Sydney. Linguistics, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/608.

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This study brings together two approaches to linguistic variation, Hallidayan systemic-functional grammar and Labovian variation theory, and in doing so brings together a functional interpretation of language and its empirical investigation in its social context. The study reports on an empirical investigation of the concept of text. The investigation proceeds on the basis of a corpus of texts gathered in sociolinguistic interviews with fifty adult speakers of Australian English in Sydney. The total corpus accounted for in terms of text type or genre numbers 420 texts of varying length, 125 of which, produced in response to four narrative questions, are investigated in greater detail in respect both of the types of text they constitute as well as of some of their linguistic realisations. These largely narrative-type texts, which represent between two and three hours of spoken English and total approximately 53000 words, are presented in a second volume analysed in terms of their textual or generic structure as well as their realisation at the level of the clause complex. The study explores in some detail models of register and genre developed within systemic-functional linguistics, adopting a genre model developed by J.R. Martin and others working within his model which foregrounds the notion that all aspects of the system(s) involved are related to one another probabilistically. In order to investigate the concept of text in actual discourse under conditions which permit us to become sufficiently confident of our understanding of it to proceed to generalisations about text and its contextual conditioning in spoken discourse, we turn to Labovian methods of sociolinguistic inquiry, i.e. to quantitative methods or methods of quantifying linguistic choice. The study takes the sociolinguistic interview as pioneered by Labov in his study of phonological variation in New York City and develops it for the purpose of investigating textual variation. The question of methodology constitutes a substantial part of the study, contributing in the process to a much greater understanding of the very phenomenon of text in discourse, for example by addressing itself to the question of the feasibility of operationalising a concept of text in the context of spoken discourse. The narrative-type texts investigated in further detail were found to range on a continuum from most experientially-oriented texts such as procedure and recount at one end to the classic narrative of personal experience and anecdote to the increasingly interpersonally-oriented exemplum and observation, both of which become interpretative of the real world in contrast to the straightforwardly representational slant taken on the same experience by the more experientially-oriented texts. The explanation for the generic variation along this continuum must be sought in a system of generic choice which is essentially cultural. A quantitative analysis of clausal theme and clause complex-type relations was carried out, the latter by means of log-linear analysis, in order to investigate their correlation with generic structure. While it was possible to relate the choice of theme to the particular stages of generic structures, clause complex-type relations are chosen too infrequently to be related to stages and were thus related to genres as a whole. We find that while by and large the choice of theme correlates well with different generic stages, it only discriminates between different genres, i.e. generic structures in toto, for those genres which are maximally different. Similarly, investigating the two choices in the principal systems involved in the organisation of the clause complex, i.e. the choice of taxis (parataxis vs. hypotaxis) and the (grammatically independent) choice of logico-semantic relations (expansion vs. projection), we find that both those choices discriminate better between types more distant on a narrative continuum. The log-linear analysis of clause complex-type relations also permitted the investigation of the social characteristics of speakers. We found that the choice of logico-semantic relations correlates with genre and question, while the choice of taxis correlates with a speaker's sex and his membership of some social group (in addition to genre). Parataxis is favoured by men and by members of the group lowest in the social hierarchy. Age on the other hand is not significant in the choice of taxis at all. In other words, since social factors are clearly shown to be significant in the making of abstract grammatical choices where they cannot be explained in terms of the functional organisation of text, we conclude that social factors must be made part of a model of text in order to fully account for its contextual conditioning. The study demonstrates that an understanding of the linguistic properties of discourse requires empirical study and, conversely, that it is possible to study discourse empirically without relaxing the standards of scientific inquiry.
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40

Blixt, Emely. "Prudes versus sluts : An analysis of how attitudes are expressed through colloquial terminology." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för språk (SPR), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-70008.

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This paper performs a corpus-based critical discourse analysis on the terms“vamp”, “slut”, “prude” and “spinster” and how they are used in context fromthe 1920s to the 2000s. They were categorized according to what attitudeswere connected to them, positive, neutral and negative. An interest was alsotaken in what attributive adjectives were used in context with each term. Theresults showed consistent negative attitudes towards “prude” and “spinster”,while the attitudes towards “Vamp” and “slut” were mixed with negative andpositive.
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41

Du, Plooy Daniel Rupert. "Mediated identity construction across cultures : an analysis of reports on the Guguletu Seven." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1841.

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Thesis (MPhil (General Linguistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2008.
This thesis has been written as a research project within a programme that topicalises intercultural communication in fairly broad terms. It provides an analysis of the different constructions in the media of events and people by journalists from different linguistic communities who have regular intercultural contact in the course of reporting on local newsworthy events. The communities here are different media producers, different news publishing institutions who print and circulate current news to audiences in different language communities. Illustratively, attention will go to the particular role players in the media, i.e. news producers (journalists, newspapers, publishing groups), newsmakers (people whose actions are observed and topicalised in the media) and news consumers (the audience, readership) engaged in reporting on a particular, prominently mediated event in 1986, and again in 1996. The event that is now recorded as the Guguletu Seven incident is investigated for the way in which it can highlight cultural linguistic differences in mediating the same event.
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Rangraz, Masood. "The Uses of the Discourse Markers ‘well’, ’you know’ and ‘I mean’ in News Interviews." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Avdelningen för språk och kultur, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-108824.

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This study is about the use of three Discourse Markers (henceforth DMs) in news interviews. It is an attempt to demonstrate how well, you know and I mean are employed in news interviews. It also shows what participants accomplish using the DMs as rhetorical devices.
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43

Hanell, Linnea. "The Knowledgeable Parent : Ideologies of Communication in Swedish Health Discourse." Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för svenska och flerspråkighet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-139562.

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This thesis explores the communication of health knowledge among new parents in Sweden. Based on three separate studies, the thesis employs a selection of theoretical concepts and methodological approaches, mainly originating from mediated discourse analysis and linguistic anthropology. Study 1 takes a broad view on the object and asks how knowledge circulates and emerges in a particular arena for parental knowledge. Drawing on nine months of online fieldwork on a discussion forum thread for expectant parents, the study shows that communication of knowledge is engendered by entextualizations and recenterings of previous experiences, including encounters with discourse. This fact challenges categorical conceptions that construct some sources of health knowledge as trustworthy and others as unreliable, and thus, potentially harmful. Study 2 narrows the focus to professionals typically perceived as producers of parental health knowledge, namely, midwives who give prenatal education classes. Drawing on a dataset comprising observations of classes as well as interviews with midwives, the study throws analytical light on anticipatory discourse, that is, discourse designed to dictate and influence the future, and elucidates some of the ways in which midwives prepare the participants for their upcoming delivery by discursively constructing links to these future events. Study 3, finally, takes the perspective of a single individual in whose life several forms of communicated parental knowledge converge as she becomes a mother. The study focuses on a period during which this individual struggles with breastfeeding problems. A combination of the notions of interdiscursivity and the historical body is here employed to grasp this experience as shaped in relation to discourse regarding child care and health. Looking at narrative data through this lens, the study shows how this individual connects failure to follow official breastfeeding recommendations to failure to perform child care in an appropriate way. At heart, the study makes a case for the moral loading of health knowledge and cautions against the assumption that authoritative medical knowledge is the only means for taking action that a new mother might need. In conclusion, the present thesis utilizes a combination of theoretical and methodological tools from MDA and linguistic anthropology to enable a discourse analysis of health communication that privileges a view of language in use as accumulating vis-à-vis engendering meaning over time and in relation to social action. Invoking the notion of ideologies of communication, it demonstrates that parents’ knowledge about their children’s health is a non-neutral issue, and that instrumental aspects of parental health knowledge can never be isolated from moral ideas regarding how particular parenting practices are to be carried out. At the same time, the thesis points out that while representatives of institutions of the welfare state may produce messages to communicate health knowledge, the knowledge obtained by individuals is the product of myriad discursive encounters and other experiences, of which the discourse produced by representatives of state institutions constitutes only one share.

At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Submitted. Paper 3: Accepted.

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44

Truan, Naomi. "“Who Are You Talking About?”. The Pragmatics of Third-Person Referring Expressions : a Contrastive Corpus-Based Study of British, German, and French Parliamentary Debates." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUL014.

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Ce travail analyse la manière dont les expressions de la troisième personne dénotant des êtres humains peuvent référer aux destinataires d’un énoncé – par opposition à l’allocutaire – en français, anglais et allemand. Les formes de la troisième personne incluent tout élément linguistique déclenchant un accord à la troisième personne, considérée comme une catégorie hétérogène : pronoms (il(s), elle(s), on, en français, he, she, they, one en anglais, er, sie, man en allemand), pronoms interrogatifs et indéfinis (qui, quiconque, whoever, anyone, wer), quantifieurs (tous, chacun, certains, all, every, anyone, some, alle, jeder, manche, etc.), relatives précédées par ceux (ceux qui, those who, diejenigen, die) et groupes nominaux contenant un nom dénotant un agent humain (peuple, personnes, citoyen, people, citizen, Volk, Leute, Menschen, Bürger, etc.). A partir d’un corpus de débats parlementaires en France, en Allemagne et au Royaume-Uni, nous montrons que les locuteurs peuvent référer aux destinataires, conçus comme un rôle discursif distinct des personnes empiriques, par des expressions de la troisième personne. L’accent mis sur la première et la deuxième personnes a conduit à un relatif oubli des formes de la troisième personne. Pourtant, la conceptualisation des destinataires par des expressions de la troisième personne est explicite, omniprésente, fonctionnelle et se produit à une fréquence égale dans l’ensemble du corpus. En se concentrant sur le rôle discursif du destinataire, une attention particulière est accordée au système constitué par la deuxième et la troisième personnes, prises dans leur continuité plutôt que leur opposition, dans l’acte de référence
Based on a corpus of British, French, and German parliamentary debates, this research presents an integrated account of how third person expressions denoting human referents can encode the targets of an utterance – as opposed to the addressee. Third person forms include every linguistic item triggering third person agreement, regarded as a heterogeneous category: third person pronouns (he, she, one, they in English, il(s), elle(s), on in French, er, sie, man in German), interrogative and indefinite pronouns (whoever, qui, quiconque, wer), quantifiers (all, every, many, some, anyone, tous, chacun, beaucoup, certains, alle, jeder, viele, manche, etc.), relative clauses introduced by those (those who, ceux qui, diejenigen, die), and noun phrases containing a noun denoting a human agent (people, citizen, peuple, personnes, citoyen , Volk, Leute, Menschen, Bürger, etc.). I combine a trilingual contrastive research design with a qualitative discourse-analytic and a quantitative corpus- based perspective to determine how reference to the targets of an utterance, conceived as a speech role distinct from the empirical persons, can be achieved by third person expressions. With most existing research focusing on the first and second persons, third person reference has been considerably neglected. Yet, the conceptualisation of targets via third person expressions is explicit, pervasive, functional, and occurs with equal frequency throughout the political spectrum. By focusing on the newly refined speech role of the target, attention is given to the continuity between second and third grammatical persons as a system referring to addressees and targets of an utterance
In dieser Arbeit präsentiere ich eine umfassende Analyse der Funktionsweisen von englischen, französischen und deutschen Ausdrücken der dritten Person zur Bezeichnung menschlicher Referenten, an die eine Äußerung gerichtet ist. Zu den Formen der dritten Person gehören alle sprachlichen Elemente, die in Bezug auf die grammatischen Kategorien Person und Numerus mit Verben in der dritten Person verwendet werden: Personalpronomen (er, sie, man im Deutschen, he, she, they, one im Englischen, il(s), elle(s), im Französischen), Interrogativ- oder Indefinitpronomen (wer, whoever, qui, quiconque), Quantifikatoren (alle, jeder, viele, manche, all, every, many, some, anyone, tous, chacun, beaucoup, certains), Relativsätze (diejenigen, die, ceux qui, those who), und Nominalsyntagmen, die ein Substantiv enthalten, das einen menschlichen Referenten bezeichnet (Volk, Leute, Menschen, Bürger, people, citizen, peuple, personnes, citoyen, etc.). Anhand eines Korpus britischer, französischer und deutscher Parlamentsdebatten kombiniere ich ein sprachkontrastives Forschungsdesign mit einer qualitativen Diskursanalyse und einer quantitativen korpusbasierten Perspektive, um zu bestimmen, wie der Bezug auf die gemeinten Referenten erfolgt. Bisher hat sich die Forschung auf Formen der ersten und zweiten Person konzentriert und die dritte Person vernachlässigt, obwohl explizite, funktionale Bezüge auf den intendierten Referenten einer Äußerung in der dritten Person allgegenwärtig sind und im gesamten politischen Spektrum vorkommen
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45

Grigorenko, Margaret Crook. "Socially Constituting Middle Childhood Students As Struggling Readers in Peer Interactions." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1267131223.

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46

Keck, Casey S. "A Descriptive Study of Pragmatic Skills in the Home Environment after Childhood Traumatic Brain Injury." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1470043710.

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47

Mirtes, Christina M. "Contemporary Play: An Analysis of Preschool Discourse During Play Situations While Engaged Using Technology and While Using Traditional Play Materials." University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1408724754.

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48

Lauriks, Sanne. "Multilingual repertoires and strategic rapport management: a comparative study of South African and Dutch small business discourse." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013162.

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In this era of globalisation and the consequent increase in social, economic and physical mobility, small businesses are transforming into sites of increasing language contact (Harris and Bargiela-Chiappini 2003). This study explores situated language practices within two small multilingual businesses. The first is a bicycle rental and repair shop located in Amsterdam (the Netherlands), which is a city with a dynamic multilingual society. The second is a tyre fitment centre in Grahamstown (South Africa), which is a city characterised by a stable triglossia of English, Xhosa and Afrikaans. Using Linguistic Ethnography (Rampton 2007) as my data collection method, I spent a total of eight weeks in these businesses. For the analysis I draw on Spencer-Oatey’s (2000b; 2011) Rapport Management Framework and sociolinguistics of globalisation (Blommaert 2010). This combination allowed me to explore situated language practices in relation to a contemporary context of increased globalisation. The analysis is structured using Spencer-Oatey’s (2000b) concept of rapport orientations. The orientations are presented as one of the key factors that influence the choice for a certain strategy. The orientations thus seemed a constructive way of showing how the observed strategies were employed by the participants of this study and what function they fulfilled in a certain context. However, difficulties emerged during the analysis with applying this concept to some of the more elaborate and complex data. As a result my argument developed into two different strands. The first demonstrates how individuals turn to their multilingual repertoires to negotiate agency and power relationships in small business discourse. The analysis reveals that people at times deliberately promote and maintains discordant relations, which can be understood as a rational response to the individual’s social and economic context. The second discusses the problems that emerged during my analysis with applying rapport management orientations to my data. I propose theoretical developments, warranted by my data, to create an Enhanced Rapport Management Framework suitable for the analysis of complex small business discourse.
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Crosby, Aubrey M. A. "News Media Representation of The Dakota Access Pipeline Protest (A Study Using Systemic Functional Linguistics)." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1594292005011941.

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50

Rodríguez, ou Rodríguez-Alcalá Carolina 1964. "Lingua, nação e nacionalismo : um estudo sobre o guarani no Paraguai." [s.n.], 2000. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270722.

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Orientador : Eni de Lourdes Pulcinelli Orlandi
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-28T01:06:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RodriguezZuccolillo_CarolinaMaria_D.pdf: 10017089 bytes, checksum: c578486cde573d044c74dd3d78d01ac9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2000
Resumo: O objeto desta tese são os discursos nacionalistas sobre a língua guarani no Paraguai. Esses discursos se constituíram nas primeiras décadas do século XX, no contexto dos conhecidos movimentos de reivindicação novomundista surgidos na América Latina, e passaram a sustentar as políticas lingüísticas oficiais adotadas no Paraguai a partir dos anos 1940 e 1950. A análise realizada procura mostrar que o nacionalismo presente em tais discursos apresenta elementos das formulações dogmáticas, xenófobas e racistas características das últimas décadas do século XIX, matriz dos nacionalismos totalitários posteriores. A definição essencialista da nação e de sua relação com a língua, a recorrente alusão às guerras e à necessidade de defesa contra o inimigo estrangeiro, são alguns dos elementos analisados nesse sentido. As relações estabelecidas permitem afirmar que tais discursos reivindicatórios não superam, como pretendem, a visão colonialista das línguas (culturas) indígenas, que acaba neles reformulada de uma maneira positiva. De outro lado, o caráter conservador do nacionalismo desses discursos permite compreender o fato de que os mesmos tenham sido assumidos por regimes totalitários, como é o caso da ditadura militar do General Alfredo Stroessner (1954-1989), período durante o qual tais discursos se reafirmaram de modo mais decisivo. Do ponto de vista teórico-metodológico, esta pesquisa se inscreve no quadro da Análise do Discurso, tal como elaborada no Brasil a partir dos trabalhos de Michel Pêcheux. É um ponto central nessa perspectiva a consideração da natureza política (ideológica) de todo fato de linguagem, no caso que nos ocupa, dos discursos sobre o guarani. Analisamos, nesse sentido, as conseqüências que o desconhecimento desse caráter político pode trazer para a compreensão desse fenômeno. Propomos, para tanto, uma leitura crítica de alguns trabalhos clássicos sobre o guarani, a saber, os de Paul Garvin e Madeleine Mathiot, de José Pedro Rona e de Joan Rubin. Procuramos mostrar que esses trabalhos reproduzem elementos do mesmo nacionalismo presente nos discursos analisados, chegando a reproduzir inclusive, em alguns casos, o discurso do partido que sustentou a ditadura do Gal. Stroessner. Nossa hipótese é que tal problema decorre, lingua ecisamente, do apagamento do caráter político desses discursos sobre a língua, pela psicologização (naturalização) do fenômeno. Discutimos finalmente, nessa direção, alpes conceitos teórico-metodológicos mobilizados nessa perspectiva para analisar o fenômeno do nacionalismo lingüístico, de modo geral, tomados de autores como Joshua Fishman, Uriel Weinreich e Paul Garvin, entre outros, no intuito de mostrar de que modo tais conceitos tornam disponíveis formulações dogmáticas tais como as que caracterizam os discursos que analisamos
Abstract: The subject of this thesis is the nationalistic discourses concerning the Guarani language in Paraguay. These discourses were constituted at the first decades of the 20th century, and they appeared among the claim of different novomundista movements in Latin America. Thereby they began to support the oKcial linguistic policies assumed in Paraguay since 40¿s and 50¿s. The analysis aims to show that this nationalism presents elements of dogmatic, xenophobic and racist features formulated mainly at the end of 19th century, which would be the matrix of totalitarian nationalisms later on. Some of the elements analyzed hereby are: the essencialistic definition of nation and its relationship with the language, the recurrent allusion to wars and the needs of defense against the foreign enemy, and the characterization of Language in superior/inferior ontological aspects. The established relations allow us to affirm that such claiming discourses do not surpass (as they intend to do), the colonialistic vision of aboriginal languages (and aboriginal cultures), that ends up re-formulated in a positive way. On the other side, the conservative aspect of the nationalism of these discourses allows to comprehend the fact that they have been assumed by totalitarian regimes, as it is the case of the military dictatorship of General Alfredo Stroessner (1954-1989), period into which such discourses were rearmed decisively. From our theoretical and methodological point of view, this work inscribes itself in the Discourse Analysis field, as it is elaborated in Brazil based on the works of Michel Pecheux. It is a central point in this perspective the consideration of the political nature (ideology, in our perspective) of every fact of language; in this specific case: the discourses about Guarani language. We therefore analyze what consequences the unfamiliarity of this political aspect might bring for the understanding of this phenomenon. In so far, we worked on a critical reading of some classic works about Guarani language, from well-known authors such as Paul Garvin and Madeleine Mathiot, Jose Pedro Rona and Joan Rubin. We look forward to show how these works reproduce elements of the same nationalism of the analyzed discourses, reproducing in some cases the discourse of the party that supported General Stroessner¿s dictatorship. Our hypothesis is that such problems arise with the erasure of political aspects of these discourses on Language formulation, due to the psychologization (naturalization) process of the referred phenomenon. We discuss some theoretical and methodological concepts elaborated from this perspective from authors as Joshua Fishman, Uriel Weinreich, and Paul Garvin, among others, and we intend to show how such concepts make possible dogmatic formulations, as the one that characterizes the discourses that we¿ve analyzed.
Doutorado
Linguistica
Doutor em Linguística
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