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1
Mahmood, Rauf Kareem. "Pragmatics between Microlinguistic and Macrolinguistic Levels of analysis." Global Journal of Foreign Language Teaching 6, no. 3 (May 3, 2017): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjflt.v6i3.1659.
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The paper discusses the researcher's new hypothesis to drag pragmatics out of the closed box of microlinguistics and separate it from semantics. To the researcher, pragmatics, if approached objectively, could be relocated as a vital area of interdisciplinary research; otherwise it would shake in the basic foundations of grammar and meaning contrasted with contextual values of utterances. This paper hypothesizes that pragmatics is a macrolinguistic level of analysis, not, as commonly thought, a microlinguistic level. Hence, pragmatics could be more properly listed with Psycholinguistics, Sociolinguistics, Discourse Analysis, Text linguistics and other relevant areas, not with phonetics, phonology, morphology, syntax and semantics, though the last, mistakenly to the researcher, is twinned with pragmatics as two faces of the same coin, namely meaning.
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Kress, Gunther. "Critical Discourse Analysis." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 11 (March 1990): 84–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500001975.
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The label Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) is used by a significant number of scholars with a diverse set of concerns in a number of disciplines. It is well-exemplified by the editorial statement of the journal Discourse and Society, which defines its envisaged domain of enquiry as follows: “the reproduction of sexism and racism through discourse; the legitimation of power; the manufacture of consent; the role of politics, education and the media; the discursive reproduction of dominance relation between groups; the imbalances in international communication and information.” While some practitioners of Critical Discourse Analysis might want to amend this list here or there, the set of concerns sketched here well describes the field of CDA. The only comment I would make, a comment crucial for many practitioners of CDA, is to insist that these phenomena are to be found in the most unremarkable and everyday of texts—and not only in texts which declare their special status in some way. This scope, and the overtly political agenda, serves to set CDA off on the one hand from other kinds of discourse analysis, and from textlinguistics (as well as from pragmatics and sociolinguistics) on the other.
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Kramsch, Claire. "A New Field of Research: SLA-Applied Linguistics." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 115, no. 7 (December 2000): 1978–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/463621.
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Second language acquisition research (sla) is the systematic exploration of the conditions that make the acquisition of a foreign language possible, both in natural and in instructional settings. Its objects of study are the biological, linguistic, psychological, and emotional makeup of language learners and the educational, social, and institutional context of learning and teaching. Whereas language as a linguistic system is studied through the metalanguage of linguistics (phonology, syntax, and semantics), language learning, as psycholinguistic process and sociolinguistic discourse, is researched through the metadiscourse of applied linguistics: psycho- and sociolinguistics, anthropological and educational linguistics, discourse analysis, pragmatics, stylistics, and composition and literacy studies. These fields illuminate what it means to learn to speak, read, write, and interact in a foreign language, what it means to appropriate for oneself the national idiom of communities that share a history and a culture that are different from one's own. SLA provides the applied linguistic metadiscourse for the practice of language learning and teaching.
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Al-Hindawi, Fareed H., and Musaab A. Raheem Alkhazaali. "A Critique of Politeness Theories." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 6, no. 8 (August 1, 2016): 1537. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0608.03.
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This paper presents a critique of politeness theories. As such, it aims to show the shortcomings and defects of the different theoretical foundations and pragmatic models of politeness. This work is hopefully supposed to be significant for the specialists and analysts in the field of pragmatics, discourse analysis, sociolinguistics and conversational analysis, ethnomethodology and communication studies. On the basis of the results of the criticism, it has been concluded that politeness theories suffer from different shortcomings and problems that lessen their efficiency in the successful analysis of interactive communication. Universalism, for instance, is not well-defined by Brown and Levinsons’ theory. Leech’s model is limited to some speech acts. Besides, his model is not clear whether to cover culture-specific as well as cross-cultural aspects of communication.
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Aijmer, Karin. "Contrastive Pragmatics and Corpora." Contrastive Pragmatics 1, no. 1 (February 28, 2020): 28–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26660393-12340004.
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Abstract Contrastive pragmatics is closely associated with the use of parallel and comparable corpora for studying the similarities and differences between languages. Parallel corpora have now been extended to more than two languages making them more relevant for typological research, and they can be used to investigate whether there are (discourse) universals across languages. Contrastive pragmatic studies also need to take into account aspects of the communication situation and the social and cultural context. As a result, many contrastive studies nowadays are doubly contrastive in that they compare pragmatic phenomena across both genres and languages. Scholars have also begun to combine contrastive analysis (translations) with the diachronic analysis of pragmatic phenomena in historical corpora, and pragmatic phenomena are studied contrastively with the focus being on sociolinguistic aspects. Illustrating these new uses is a case study which compares English absolutely with Swedish absolut.
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Al-Haj Eid, Dr Omar Abdullah. "WRITING ON TENTS AND CARAVANS IN AL-ZAATARI SYRIAN REFUGEE CAMP OF MAFRAQ, JORDAN: A SOCIOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 5 (September 29, 2019): 352–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.7540.
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Purpose: This study aims to investigate the sociolinguistic functions expressed by the written messages on the tents and caravans' surfaces in Al-Zaatari Refugee Camp of Mafraq, Jordan from a sociolinguistic perspective. The study also attempts to find out the relationship between patriotism and graffiti writing in the refugee camp of Mafraq, particularly how the young male refugees practice graffiti writing to express their sense of patriotism towards their homeland, Syria.
Methodology: To achieve the study objective, the researcher collected a set of (144) messages written on the tents and caravans' surfaces of the camp. Content analysis and semi-structured interviews were conducted. The data has been carefully analyzed, classified regarding the sociolinguistic messages and in-depth discussed. A graffiti analysis can be an important means of understanding the linguistic, cultural and social milieu of a community.
Main Findings: The study concludes that graffiti writing on the camp's tents and caravans is functional and a universal phenomenon reflecting ideology. The sociolinguistic function of expressing patriotism and homesickness towards Syria ranked first with a percentage of (80.7%). Tagging is mainly the most common form of graffiti writing and sometimes coupled with drawings. The word Syria is frequently used on most conceivable surfaces of the camp indicating patriotism and longing to their homeland. digs deep into the values and norms of the Jordanian society. To reveal the cultural specificity of such a social, psychological and linguistic phenomenon.
Implications of this study: This paper contributes to the study of sociolinguistics by examining the use of language in the community, norms, and values of the society. It also contributes to other linguistic disciplines such as socio-pragmatics, discourse analysis, and stylistics by analyzing peoples’ writing on several surfaces.
Novelty: No studies were conducted on writing on tents and caravans of Al-Zaatari Syrian Refugee Camp of Mafraq even though this widespread phenomenon outspreads the surfaces of the camp. This study thus attempts to fill this gap in sociolinguistics.
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Winefield, Helen R., Margaret A. Chandler, and Darryl L. Bassett. "Tag questions and powerfulness: Quantitative and qualitative analyses of a course of psychotherapy." Language in Society 18, no. 1 (March 1989): 77–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500013282.
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ABSTRACTA complete course of psychotherapy provided extensive information about natural speech patterns of a male psychiatrist and a female patient. Contrary to assertions of the deferential function of tag questions, the patient's use of this form increased as she gained in self-confidence and improved her psychological adjustment. Qualitative analysis of the type, antecedents, and consequences of tag questions in sessions at the beginning and end of the therapy shows how the patient's use of the form reflects her growing independence. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of verbal interaction offer complementary benefits, and a two-stage research method is advocated. (Psychotherapeutic discourse, tag questions, pragmatics, sociolinguistics, psychotherapy process)
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Sun, Ya, Gongyuan Wang, and Haiying Feng. "Linguistic Studies on Social Media: A Bibliometric Analysis." SAGE Open 11, no. 3 (July 2021): 215824402110475. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/21582440211047572.
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This study aimed to present the status quo of linguistic studies on social media in the past decade. In particular, it conducted a bibliometric analysis of articles from the field of linguistics of the database of Web of Science Core Collection with the aid of the tool CiteSpace to identify the general characteristics, major strands of linguistics, main research methods, and important research themes in the area of linguistic studies on social media. The main findings are summarized as follows. First, the study reported the publication trend, main publication venues, researched social media platforms, and languages used in researched social media. Second, sociolinguistics and pragmatics were found to be major strands of linguistics used in relevant studies. Third, the study identified seven main research methods: discourse analysis, critical discourse analysis, conversation analysis, multimodal analysis, narrative analysis, ethnographic analysis, and corpus analysis. Fourth, important research themes were extracted and classified based on four dimensions of the genre framework of social media studies. They were the participation nature and technology affordances of social media in the dimension of compositional level, the researched topics of education, (language) policy and politics in the dimension of thematic orientations, the researched discursive practices of (im)politeness, humor, indexicality and multilingualism in the dimension of stylistic traits, and the researched communicative functions of constructing identity, communicating (language) ideology, and expressing attitude in the pragmatic dimension. Moreover, linguistic studies on social media tended to be characterized by cross-disciplinary and mixed-method approaches.
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Locher, Miriam A., and Tatiana V. Larina. "Introduction to Politeness and Impoliteness Research in Global Contexts." Russian Journal of Linguistics 23, no. 4 (December 15, 2019): 873–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2019-23-4-873-903.
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Im/politeness research has been a solid and growing research field in sociolinguistics, pragmatics and discourse analysis during the last four decades. The scientific interest in this topic is not accidental and may be explained by the general pragmatic turn of modern interdisciplinary linguistic studies which are not focused on language as an abstract system, but on its functioning in various contexts and types of interaction. Knowledge of the strategies and politeness mechanisms used in various social and cultural contexts promotes mutual understanding in communication. In this introduction to the special issue on im/politeness in global contexts we will briefly position the topic of im/politeness research, and highlight advancements in im/politeness theory, method and data. We then turn to a brief synopsis of each individual paper and highlight the theoretical and methodological contributions and innovations proposed by our authors. We end with a discussion of the results and a brief outlook on future research.
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Ozyumenko, Vladimir. "Social Reality Formation in Media Discourse: Information Ambiguity Strategy." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 3 (November 2019): 64–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2019.3.5.
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Modern media have become an important ideological tool in conveying and forming a certain view of the world and attitude towards it. While complying with the interests of the power structures, they shape public opinion by means of increasingly sophisticated media technologies and techniques. The article introduces multilevel means of creating ambiguity of a media text: verbs with the semantic component 'without proof', lexical units with semantics of uncertainty, means of expressing epistemic modality, interrogative headings, etc. The regular use of these means observed in the media enables the author to consider ambiguity as one efficient strategy of public opinion manipulation. The data for the study were obtained from quality British and American newspapers and news websites that cover events related to Russia. By using the methods of linguistic pragmatics and sociolinguistics as well as critical discourse analysis, it was proved that the ambiguity is a widely spread method in modern media, it enables journalists to write about unconfirmed facts and introduce a certain attitude towards them into the minds of the audience without bearing any responsibility for unsubstantiated information.
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CORRIGAN, KAREN P., and CHRIS MONTGOMERY. "Special issue on sense of place in the history of English." English Language and Linguistics 19, no. 2 (July 2015): 203–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1360674315000052.
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This special issue is concerned with how the multidisciplinary concept ‘sense of place’ can be applied to further our understanding of ‘place’ in the history of English. In particular, the articles collected here all relate in some way to complicated processes through which individuals and the communities they are embedded within are defined in relation to others and to their socio-cultural and spatial environments (Convery et al.2012). We have brought together eight articles focusing on specific aspects of this theme using different theoretical models that offer new insights into the history of the English language from the Old English (OE) period to the twenty-first century. The findings will also be of interest to researchers in the fields of corpus linguistics, discourse analysis, English dialectology, lexicography, pragmatics, prototype theory, sociolinguistics and syntactic theory.
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Livytska, Inna. "The Use of Hedging in Research Articles on Applied Linguistics." Journal of Language and Cultural Education 7, no. 1 (May 1, 2019): 35–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jolace-2019-0003.
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Abstract This paper is devoted to the analysis of the use of hedging in a corpus of articles from applied linguistics, and in this sense, it is complementary to the previous research of academic persuasion in research articles (Hinkel, 1997; Hyland, 1996, 2004). This study examined the types and frequency of hedges employed by the authors of academic research articles (RAs) in the field of applied linguistics. A corpus consists of 20 research articles, randomly selected from the Open Access Journals on Educational linguistics (5 RAs), Psycholinguistics (5 RAs), Sociolinguistics (5 RAs) and Pragmatics (5 RAs) The data were manually coded according to Hyland’s taxonomy of hedges and hedging devices (Hyland, 1996) and then formatted to calculate the frequency and type of hedges in RAs on Applied Linguistics. Results of the study indicate that reader-oriented hedges constitute the main pragmatic type of hedges in RAs in the field of applied linguistics, recognizing the need for reader’s ratification of the author’s claims and politeness conventions of academic discourse per se. Combination of qualitative and quantitative methods applied to computer readable data proved that hedges in RAs on Applied Linguistics are topic dependent, showing differences in typology, frequency and distribution even within one discipline.
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Kullavanijaya, Pranee. "The 2005 Year’s Work in Linguistics in Thailand." MANUSYA 10, no. 3 (2007): 133–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-01003008.
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A study of Thai linguistics works in 2005 shows that most are MA. theses and doctoral dissertations done by Thai students in five universities in Thailand and a few universities in the U.S.. and the UK.. Only three works analyse foreign languages, while the rest investigate the Bangkok Thai dialect. Five main areas are identified: sound and orthography, sociolinguistics, utterance semantics, lexical semantics and syntax-semantic interface. More works focus on the last two areas. With regard to the frameworks used in the analyses, pragmatics, discourse, and speech acts are found most often. Several topics such as village names, politeness, and slang, which have been studied previously, were investigated again in 2005 with different locations or different groups of speakers. Although such investigations may yield additional information on the topics, new questions or new probes into similar data may be preferable.
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Ruzaitė, Jūratė. "Discourse variation of vague language: vague quantifiers in spoken and written Lithuanian." Taikomoji kalbotyra, no. 10 (September 12, 2018): 45–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/tk.2018.17443.
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Vagueness is a controversial issue, which was long stigmatised by both researchers and laypeople and largely neglected in linguistics until the publication of Channell’s (1994) study, which demonstrated that vague language (VL) is a multi-faceted phenomenon of high pragmatic importance. The present study focuses on one of the most central categories of VL in Lithuanian, i.e. vague quantifiers, which can be defined as non-numerical expressions used for referring to quantities, e.g. daug (“a lot”), mažai (“little/few”), keletas (“several”), or šiek tiek (“a little bit”). The meaning of quantifiers frequently encodes some evaluative content concerning the significance of a quantity. The evaluative function is an important and intended speaker’s message, expressed by choosing a vague expression, and is lost if reformulated into a precise expression. A systematic account of this pragmatic category has not been carried out yet in Lithuanian, and the vast majority of research on vague quantifiers focuses mainly on English with only very few exceptions.
VL is omnipresent and is used in all discourse types, but to a different extent and for different purposes; therefore, this investigation has a two-fold aim: (a) to determine the distribution of quantifiers in different discourses including spoken interaction and a variety of written texts (i.e. academic texts, newspapers and magazines, publicist texts, administrative texts, and fiction); and (b) to overview when and why vague quantifiers are prioritized over precise numerical references.
The data for this investigation has been obtained from the Corpus of the Contemporary Lithuanian Language (tekstynas.vdu.lt), which is a reference corpus comprising over 140 mln words; it represents five major discourse types analysed in this paper. The present analysis has been carried out within the framework of corpus linguistics, pragmatics, variationist sociolinguistics, and discourse analysis; it is primarily quantitative, but to explain some dominant tendencies in the results, it also deals with some qualitative aspects.
The findings obtained from spoken and written discourse have revealed that quantifiers are distributed very unevenly in the two modes of language; the results have also shown some dramatic differences in the use of quantifiers in different written texts. Their distribution and functions depend on the formality of quantifiers and their semantic type. Multal quantifiers (i.e. those referring to large quantities) are emphatic, whereas paucal quantifiers (i.e. those referring to small quantities) are mainly used for mitigation and are more prone to soften the effect of negatively loaded lexemes. Importantly, quantifiers are used for persuasion since they evaluate a quantity and convey the speaker’s interpretation of its significance. They can be important in discourse structuring, in shaping interpersonal relationships, and as a face-saving strategy. Due to the large variety of communicative functions that quantifiers can perform, they are an important category in second language teaching and should be adequately dealt with in lexicography.
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Ageeva, Julia Viktorovna. "Implementation of interviewers’ main communicative strategy in a job interview." Communication Studies 7, no. 2 (June 30, 2020): 259–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2413-6182.2020.7(2).259-271.
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The paper focuses on relevant studies of verbal strategies and tactics in professional discourse. The timeliness of this paper is determined by current trends in the development of linguistics including a growing interest in real communication. The paper presents the results of the discourse analysis of an emerged recruitment discourse based on an analysis of the speech behavior of HR manager – an active communication participant whose super task is to test the applicant as a potential employee. The study is based on a functional approach to the study of a new professional discourse that is centered on the interview between a recruiter and a job candidate. The choice of this approach is reasoned by the goal, subject matter and object of the study set by the author. The paper describes the most interesting and unique speech tactics of interviewers (extrajection tactics, small
talk tactics, stress tactics) in real job interviews. The analysis findings of real
communicative situations reveal that an integrated approach to assessing potential personnel provides the best result in implementing the main recruiter strategy. The implementation of the integrated approach is clearly demonstrated in
the scheme of the diagnostic strategy of the applicant during the job interview.
The principles of diagnosing a linguistic personality may explore options for improving approaches to the study of speech and communicative competence. The
conclusions presented in the paper make contribution to pragmatics, sociolinguistics, intercultural communication, planning and development of business
communication. The results obtained by the author shall be applied in training of
various managers, in particular, recruitment experts, as well as in the development of business communication courses and communication trainings for both
Russian and international students and specialists.
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Tsui, Amy B. M. "Beyond the adjacency pair." Language in Society 18, no. 4 (December 1989): 545–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500013907.
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ABSTRACTThis article examines the descriptive power of theadjacency pairas a basic unit of conversational organization. It applies the notion to the analysis of conversational data and points out that there are utterances which are important contributions to the conversation and yet for which the notion fails to account. They are utterances which are not the component parts of an adjacency pair and yet form a bounded unit with it. This raises the question of which is more adequate as a basic unit of conversational organization: athree-part exchangeor anadjacency pair?This article proposes that it is the former, based on the observation that the third part of an exchange is a very important element of conversational interaction, and that when it does not occur, it is often withheld for social or strategic reasons. The article argues for the nontrivial absence of the third part by showing its relevance of occurrence (Sacks 1972:342). An investigation is made of its functions by examining where, when, and why it does not occur, and where, when, and why it does occur in conversation. The discussion is exemplified by face-to-face and telephone conversation data. (Sociolinguistics, ethnomethodology, discourse analysis, pragmatics)
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Thornborrow, Joanna. "Ruth Wodak (ed.), Gender and discourse. (Sage studies in discourse.) London (UK) & Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage, 1997. Pp. ix, 303. Pb $27.95. Helga Kotthoff & Ruth Wodak (eds.), Communicating gender in context. (Pragmatics and beyond, n.s., 42.) Amsterdam: Benjamins, 1998. Pp. xxv, 424. Hb $114.00." Language in Society 29, no. 2 (April 2000): 266–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500232041.
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These two collections of articles offer a spectrum of current work in the field of language and gender. Contributors to both volumes include some leading researchers in sociolinguistics and discourse analysis from Britain, America, and New Zealand; the Kotthoff & Wodak book also contains work by contributors from Germany, Sweden, Holland, and Austria. Despite the latter volume's stated aim of bridging the gap in scholarly awareness between Europe and the English-speaking world, we are in effect still dealing with work from a particular section of Europe, i.e. essentially northern European and Germanic countries. With the exception of one study of Spanish women's talk, southern and Mediterranean Europe are still largely absent from the language and gender research scene presented here.
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Saragi, Veronica, Sikin Nuratika, Fransiska Fransiska, Maya Yolanda, and Niki Ardiyanti. "A Review of Some Speech Act Theories Focusing on Speech Acts by Searle (1969)." ELSYA : Journal of English Language Studies 1, no. 2 (June 3, 2019): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31849/elsya.v1i2.3529.
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Before John Searle wrote the book of Speech Acts, he wrote an article about “What is a Speech Act?” (in Philosophy in America, Max Black, ed. (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1965), 221–239). He was born in Denver in 1932. He spent some seven years in Oxford, beginning as an undergraduate in the autumn of 1952 with a Rhodes Scholarship, and concluding as a Lecturer in Philosophy at Christ Church. He has spent almost all of his subsequent life as Professor of Philosophy in Berkeley according to Smith (2003). This article aims to review the speech act theories by Searle (1969) to know what the theories of speech acts according to him to aid researchers understand more on how to apply it in real social life. Moreover, this article’s references are accurate (valid) and they well argued. This article is highly recommended for the philosopher, specialists and analysts in the field of pragmatics, discourse analysis, sociolinguistics and conversational analysis, communication studies who have a significant part in this study. Therefore, this paper seen the speech act theories by Searle (1969) will be more effective if we know and understand more about the speech act theories by Searle (1969) to use it in real social life.
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Alduais, Ahmed Mohammed Saleh. "A Comparative and Contrastive Account of Research Approaches in the Study of Language." International Journal of Learning and Development 2, no. 5 (October 20, 2012): 255. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v2i5.2456.
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A research, in any field, starts with either a passing idea or a bee in one’s mind. Research in the field of language study, for instance, in all its branches, is a rich area where in hundreds of ideas and problems can be thought of and investigated. Needless to say, the study of language includes generally (linguistics: phonetic, phonology, morphology, syntax, comparative linguistics, etc.), (applied linguistics: pragmatics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, neurolinguistics, biolinguistics, clinical linguistics, experimental linguistics, computational linguistics, mathematical linguistics, forensic linguistics, corpus linguistics, contrastive analysis, discourse analysis, stylistics and error analysis, etc.), and (educational linguistics: language learning, teaching, and acquisition, etc.). Due to this, a certain problem or an idea in any of the above areas can be investigated from different points of view; that is, using either the correlational research approach, case-study, survey, experimental, ethnographic or the large-scale research approach. Actually, it is claimed in this paper that the above mentioned research approaches are different yet alike. This last point, however, is the major aim of this paper where in the six research approaches are compared and contrasted. At last, the researcher claims that no matter what a researcher in language study will follow since this approach fulfills the questions of his or her study logically, scientifically, and comes up with useful and fruitful bits of information and knowledge. Keywords: Research approaches, Language study, Correlational research, Case-study, Experimental study, Survey study, Ethnographic study, Large-scale study, Comparative and contrastive studies.
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Feitosa e Paiva, Geórgia Maria, and Tatiana Martins Oliveira da Silva. "DO PRECONCEITO À (IM)POLIDEZ: ASPECTOS SOCIAIS, IDEOLÓGICOS E LINGUÍSTICOS QUE CIRCUNSCREVEM PRÁTICAS RACISTAS E SEXISTAS NO FACEBOOK." Cadernos de Linguagem e Sociedade 20, especial (December 18, 2019): 117–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/les.v20i3.28632.
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Virtual interactions are often an extension of face-facing encounters, solidifying in digital spaces as the discursive discourse of racism and sexism practices. Starting from the studies of Sociology, Pragmatics and Interactional Sociolinguistics, our goal is to understand, from Fanon (2008), Van Dijk (2017) Brown and Levinson (1987) and Culpeper (1996; 2011), as the prejudice of materializing in (im) language policy through Facebook posts. We conducted a qualitative, exploratory and descriptive survey whereby we selected a post in a Facebook group about a possible case of harassment between a foreign student and a brazilian student. For this, it selects and analyzes as the most relevant answers, according to the criteria of the social network itself. The results demonstrated how politeness strategies were used both to create a positive image of the potential offender and to solicit support from group members in relation to him; In addition, there is condensation between politeness and impoliteness strategies when the effect was to attack one of the group members, the victim or the supposed aggressor himself. Our investigation shows the historical, ideological, social and contextual foundations for the event, as well as an analysis of the politeness and impoliteness strategies applied by the group participants. Conclude that the statements seek alternate between politeness and linguistic impoliteness for the production of biased messages.
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Opoola, Bolanle Tajudeen, and Jelili Adewale Adeoye. "A Sociolinguistic Consideration of Intermediation in Greeting Discourse among the Yòrúba of South West Nigeria." Journal of Language and Literature 19, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v19i2.2131.
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<p><em>Existing studies on Yorùbá greeting forms dwell on the appropriateness of their use, with respect to time of the year, event, condition, occupation, vocation, context, politeness and content. The studies portray greetings as discourse between two people or parties who are capable of exchanging pleasantries. None of the existing works has discussed intermediation in greeting discourse among the Yorùbá people such that greetings that are directed to the second person(s) such as toddlers, extremely sick persons, kings and the bereaved are answered on their behalf by a third party. This paper examines intermediation and the rationale in greeting discourse among the Yorùbá people. The data for this study were drawn from participant observation, Yorùbá literature texts, and Yorùbá home movies. The Mutual Contextual Beliefs Theory of Pragmatics as proposed by Bach and Harnish (1979) was adopted for the data analysis. The study established, among other things, that greetings are sacrosanct in Yorùbá culture and the answer/reply is obligatory, irrespective of the state, status, circumstance and condition of the person(s) being greeted. It is also shown that intermediation in greeting discourse could be for politeness, incapacitation, authority and educating the young ones.</em></p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: <em>greetings, intermediation, cultural constraints, situational constraints</em></p><p>_________________________________________</p><p>DOI > <a href="https://search.crossref.org/?q=10.24071%2Fjoll.2019.190207">https://doi.org/10.24071/joll.2019.190207</a></p><p><em><br /></em></p><p> </p>
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Schiffrin, Deborah. "Definiciones de discurso." CPU-e, Revista de Investigación Educativa, no. 13 (July 1, 2011): 181–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.25009/cpue.v0i13.43.
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Si bien el análisis del discurso es cada vez más popular y más importante como área de estudio, sigue siendo un campo vasto y, de alguna manera, vago. La meta del libro en su conjunto es clarificar las diversas teorías y métodos del análisis del discurso, de modo que pueda seguir abordando una amplia gama de problemáticas y fenómenos de interés multidisciplinario, pero de una manera más sistemática y coherente. El análisis del discurso es importante no sólo en sí mismo, sino también por lo que aporta a nuestro conocimiento de la lengua, la sociedad y la cultura. El eje del libro es la descripción, aplicación y comparación detallada de seis diferentes enfoques de discurso: la teoría de los actos de habla, la sociolingüística interaccional, la etnografía de la comunicación, la pragmática, el análisis conversacional y el análisis variacionista. Si bien estos enfoques se han originado en diferentes disciplinas, todos ellos buscan responder las mismas preguntas: ¿Cómo organizamos la lengua en unidades que rebasan el límite de la oración? ¿Cómo usamos la lengua para transmitir información sobre el mundo, sobre nosotros mismos y sobre nuestras relaciones sociales? En la primera parte del libro la autora proporciona una visión panorámica de los diferentes enfoques, esbozando, asimismo, el plan general del libro. En el capítulo que nos ocupa, discute específicamente las dificultades que surgen al definir el discurso; dificultades, por cierto, que tienen que ver con la vigencia de dos paradigmas al interior de la lingüística.AbstractWhile discourse analysis is becoming increasingly popular and a more important study area, it still remains a vast and somewhat vague field. The goal of this book is to clarify the theories and methods of discourse analysis, so that it can continue to address a wide range of problems and phenomena of multidisciplinary interest, but in a more systematic and coherent way. Discourse analysis is important not only on its own, but also for what it contributes to our knowledge of language, society, and culture. The core of the book is the description, application, and detailed comparison of six different approaches to discourse analysis: speech act theory, interactional sociolinguistics, ethnography of communication, pragmatics, conversation analysis, and analysis of variance. Whilst these approaches have originated in different disciplines, they all seek to answer some of the same questions: How do we organize language into units that are larger than sentences? How do we use language to convey information about the world, ourselves, and our social relationships? In the first part of the book, the author provides an overview of the different approaches, also outlining the plan of the book. The chapter we are concerned about discusses difficulties in defining discourse; difficulties that are related to the validity of two different paradigms within linguistics.Recibido: 25 de agosto de 2010 Aceptado: 24 de noviembre de 2010
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Chernyavskaya, Valeria E. "Social meaning in the mirror of political correctness." Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Language and Literature 18, no. 2 (2021): 383–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu09.2021.208.
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The article addresses two central notions, namely social meaning and political correctness. The concept of social meaning is well known in “third wave” sociolinguistics, which connects patterns of language variation with the wider social world, in metapragmatics after Michael Silverstein, language ideology research and discourse analysis. The analysis is in line with these research approaches and also reflects back the pragmatic interpretation of social meanings. It is presumed that the social meaning of a word or an utterance is indexical in its nature and conveys information about the social context of language use. Social meaning of an utterance reflects its social embeddedness. In this respect, the perspective of political correctness reflects the discursive process of social indexicality and social meaning making. The article examines modern cases of political correctness (PC) in the USA (2017–2020) to show the effects of discursive pressure on interpretation frames. PC is discussed as a controversial practice and it is aimed at avoiding expressions or actions that can be perceived to marginalize or insult socially disadvantaged and discriminated people. At the same time, it can overpoliticize issues and act as a struggle against implicit meanings and implicatures.
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Grichenko, Lyudmila, and Lyudmila Gushchina. "President’s speech portrait." E3S Web of Conferences 273 (2021): 11039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202127311039.
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The research of the speech portrait of a politician’s personality in the framework of several linguistic paradigms including pragmalinguistics, sociolinguistics, psycholinguistics, and political discourse contributes to a multidimensional, comprehensive study of this phenomenon, meeting the requirements of the nowadays scientific demands. The appeal to this topic is due to insufficient knowledge of the system of linguistic and pragmatic means that form the speech portrait of modern politicians. The purpose of this paper is to describe the specifics of Barak Obama’s speech portrait during the period of his presidency in 2015-2016. The authors point out that the speech portrait of Barack Obama is formed by multi-level linguistic means, whose use is determined both by the cognitive picture of the politician’s world and peculiarities of the language system, cultural and historical experience of the nation, as well as by the rules and norms of political communication. The paper reveals the specifics of Barak Obama’s implementation of a communicative strategy of positive presentation and self-representation by using a number of speech influence methods. The article offers the linguistic analysis of Barak Obama’s public speeches and their pragmatic specifics that contribute to the detailed and precise creation of a modern politician’s speech portrait.
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Wozniak, Audrey M. "River-Crabbed Shitizens and Missing Knives: A Sociolinguistic Analysis of Trends in Chinese Language Use Online as a Result of Censorship." Applied Linguistics Review 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2015): 97–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/applirev-2015-0005.
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AbstractIn today’s digital age, the online public domain, particularly social networking websites, is the new frontier for the battle between censors and dissidents. This paper examines linguistic trends in the ways in which Chinese web users exploit Chinese phonology, morphology, and orthography to avoid notice by online censors through the lenses of pragmatics and critical discourse analysis. The linguistic transformations can be divided into 1) phonologically derived transformations, e.g. the well known “river crab” (héxiè, 河蟹) in place of the word “harmony” (héxié, 和谐); 2a) character suggestion (phono-orthographical) e.g. referring to former Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao (Wēn Jiābǎo, 温家宝) as “Teletubby” (tiānxiàn bǎobǎo, 天线宝宝) because of the two names’ shared character 宝 (bǎo); and 2b) character suggestion (morpho-orthographical) e.g. the made-up word 目田 (mù tián, “eye field”) being substituted for 自由 (zìyóu, “freedom”). Consequently, introducing multiple linguistic transformations, in particular introducing elements of foreign languages and ideograms, drastically increases the level of encoding. This paper presents examples of combination methods, including Chinese-English compound words that connote disparate yet interdependent meanings in multiple languages meanings, as well as the youth culture phenomenon of Martian language, or 吙☆魰 (火星文, huǒxīng wén). In characterizing the ways in which web users manipulate Chinese language, this paper aims to demonstrate that these transformation techniques are inherent to the Chinese language as well as a byproduct of the relationship between web users and censors, reflected in the encoded subversive messages heavy reliance on political and cultural references. Thus, interpreting the output strings of subversive messages requires both linguistic knowledge and social context.
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Bankauskaitė, Gabija. "Respectus Philologicus, 2011 Nr. 19 (24)." Respectus Philologicus, no. 20-25 (April 25, 2011): 1–284. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2011.24.
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CONTENTS
I. PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONSMichał Mazurkiewicz (Poland). Sport versus Religion... 11Natalia А. Kuzmina (Russia). Poetry Book as a Supertext... 19Jonė Grigaliūnienė (Lithuania). Possessive Constructions as a Purely Linguistic Phenomenon?... 31
II. FACTS AND REFLECTIONSAleksandras Krasnovas, Aldona Martinonytė (Lithuania). Symbolizing of Images in Juozas Aputis Stories...40Jūratė Kumetaitienė (Lithuania). Tradition and Metamorphosis of Escapism (Running “from” or “into”) in the Modern and Postmodern Norwegian Literature...51Natalia V. Kovtun (Russia). Trickster in the Vicinity of Traditional Modern Prose...65Pavel S. Glushakov (Latvia). Semantic Processes in the Structure of Vasily Shukshin’s Poetics...81Tatyana Kamarovskaya (Belarus). Adam and the War...93Virginija Paplauskienė (Lithuania). Woman’s Language World in Liune Sutema’s Collection “Graffiti....99Jolanta Chwastyk-Kowalczyk (Poland). The Models of e-Comunication in the Polish Society of Britain and Northern Ireland...111Vilma Bijeikienė (Lithuania). How Equivocation Depends on the Way Questions are Asked: a Study in Lithuanian Political Discourse...123Viktorija Makarova (Lithuania). The One Who Names the Things, Masters Them: Ruskij vs. Rosijanin, Ruskij vs. Rosijskij in the Discourse of Russian Presidents...136Dorota Połowniak-Wawrzonek (Poland). Idioms from the Saga Film “Star Wars” in Contemporary Polish Language...144Ilona Mickienė, Inesa Birbilaitė (Lithuania). Women’s Naming in Telsiai Parish in the First Dacades of the 18th Century...158Liudmila Garbul (Lithuania). Reflection of Results of Interslavonic Language Contacts in the Russian Chancery Language of the First Half of the 17th Century (Synchronic and Diachronic Aspects). Part II...168Vilhelmina Vitkauskienė (Lithuania). Francophonie in Lithuania... 179Natalia V. Yudina (Russia). On the Role of the Russian Language in the Globalizing World of the XXI Century...189Maria Lojko (Belarus). Teaching Legal English to English Second Language Students in the US Law Schools...200
III. OPINIONElena V. Savich (Belarus). On Generation of an Integrative Method of Discourse Analysis...212Marek Weber (Poland). Lexical Analysis of Selected Lexemes Belonging to the Semantic Field ‘Computer Hardware’...220
IV. SCIENTISTS ABOUT SCIENTISTSOleg Poljakov (Lithuania). On the Female Factor in Linguistics and Around It... 228
V. OUR TRANSLATIONSBernard Sypniewski (USA). Snake in the Grass. Part II. Translated by Jurga Cibulskienė...239
VI. SCIENTIFIC LIFE CHRONICLEConferencesTatiana Larina (Russia), Laura Alba-Juez (Spain). Report and reflections of the 2010 International Conference on Intercultural Pragmatics and Communication in Madrid...246Books reviewsAleksandra M. Ponomariova (Russia). ЧЕРВИНСКИЙ, П. П., 2010. Номинативные аспекты и следствия политической коммуникации...252Gabija Bankauskaitė-Sereikienė (Lithuania). PAPLAUSKIENĖ, V., 2009. Liūnė Sutema: gyvenimo ir kūrybos keliais...255Yuri V. Shatin (Russia). Meaningful Curves. ГРИНБАУМ, О. Н., 2010. Роман А.С. Пушкина «Евгений Онегин»: ритмико-смысловой комментарий... 259Journal of scientific lifeDaiva Aliūkaitė (Lithuania). The Idea of the Database of Printed Advertisements: the Project “Sociolinguistics of Advertisements”...263Loreta Vaicekauskienė (Lithuania). The Project “Vilnius is Speaking: The Role of Vilnius Language in the Contemporary Lithuania, 2010”...265Daiva Aliūkaitė (Lithuania). The Project “Lithuanian Language: Fractures of Ideals, Ideologies and Identities”: Language Ideals from the Point of View of Ordinary Speech Community Members...267
Announce...269
VII. REQUIREMENTS FOR PUBLICATION...270
VIII. OUR AUTHORS...278
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SCHEGLOFF, EMANUEL A. "Discourse, Pragmatics, Conversation, Analysis." Discourse Studies 1, no. 4 (November 1999): 405–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1461445699001004002.
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Lara, Glaucia Muniz Proença. "Pragmatics and discourse analysis." Pragmatics. Quarterly Publication of the International Pragmatics Association (IPrA) 26, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 93–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/prag.26.1.05lar.
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In this article, which is part of a larger postdoctoral research, we examine, in the light of the dialogue between Pragmatics and French Discourse Analysis, the notion of aphorization, as proposed by Dominique Maingueneau (2006, 2008, 2010, 2012). We have tried to observe its use in Brazilian and French magazines, as a resource to manipulate the readers, especially through the changes that this kind of utterance undergoes in the process of highlighting.
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Wodak, Ruth. "Pragmatics and Critical Discourse Analysis." Pragmatics and Cognition 15, no. 1 (May 11, 2007): 203–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.15.1.13wod.
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This paper discusses important and fruitful links between (Critical) Discourse Analysis and Pragmatics. In a detailed analysis of three utterances of an election speech by the Austrian rightwing politician Jörg Haider, it is illustrated in which ways a discourse-analytical and pragmatic approach grasps the intricacy of anti-Semitic meanings, directed towards the President of the Viennese Jewish Community. The necessity of in-depth context-analysis in multiple layers (from the socio-political context up to the co-text of each utterance) moreover emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches when investigating such complex issues as racism and anti-Semitism as produced and reproduced in discourse. More specifically, the relevance of pragmatic devices such as insinuations, presuppositions and implicatures, is discussed when analyzing instances of ‘coded language’, i.e., utterances with indirect and latent racist and anti-Semitic meanings as common in official discourses in Western Europe.
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Díaz-Campos, Manuel, Juan M. Escalona Torres, and Valentyna Filimonova. "Sociolinguistics of the Spanish-Speaking World." Annual Review of Linguistics 6, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 363–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-linguistics-011619-030547.
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This review provides a state-of-the-art overview of Spanish sociolinguistics and discusses several areas, including variationist sociolinguistics, bilingual and immigrant communities, and linguistic ethnography. We acknowledge many recent advances and the abundant research on several classic topics, such as phonology, morphosyntax, and discourse-pragmatics. We also highlight the need for research on understudied phenomena and emphasize the importance of combining both quantitative and ethnographic methodologies in sociolinguistic research. Much research on Spanish has shown that the language's wide variation across the globe is a reflection of Spanish-speaking communities’ rich sociohistorical and demographic diversity. Yet, there are many areas where research is needed, including bilingualism in indigenous communities, access to bilingual education, attitudes toward speakers of indigenous languages, and language maintenance and attrition. Language policy, ideology, and use in the legal and health care systems have also become important topics of sociolinguistics today as they relate to issues of human rights.
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Williams, Lawrence. "Sociolinguistic variation in French computer-mediated communication." International Journal of Corpus Linguistics 14, no. 4 (December 15, 2009): 467–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ijcl.14.4.02wil.
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The analysis in the present study examines the variable use of ne in 2,459 tokens of verbal negation from a corpus of electronic French discourse including moderated chat, non-moderated chat, and discussion fora. These data from computer-mediated communication (CMC) environments were analyzed in order to demonstrate that although both non-moderated and moderated chat are essentially synchronous (i.e. involving real-time interaction), they are on opposite ends of a continuum of French sociolinguistic variation. In non-moderated chat, which is clearly less formal, ne is used productively as a discursive-pragmatic marker. However, in moderated chat, which resembles more formal written French discourse, ne deletion rarely occurs. Although discussion fora are somewhere between the two types of chat on the continuum of sociolinguistic variation, there is a clear tendency for them to be slightly closer to the formal/written side, yet this mode of CMC displays the greatest amount of mode-internal variation.
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Singh, Jaspal Naveel. "Poststructuralist Discourse Analysis: Subjectivity in Enunciative Pragmatics." Journal of Pragmatics 88 (October 2015): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pragma.2015.08.010.
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Gyuró, Monika. "LEGAL DISCOURSE, POWER AND PRAGMATICS." Discourse and Interaction 6, no. 2 (December 30, 2013): 5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/di2013-2-5.
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This paper explores crime reports on verdicts and sentences in child/teenager murder cases in the British press with a view to demonstrating that ‘simplifi cation’ is one of the signifi cant values of crime reporting, regardless of the type of newspaper (Jewkes 2004). The analysis illustrates how both quality and popular British newspapers employ ‘binary oppositions’ (i.e. a typical feature of simplifi cation), such as good vs. evil, in order to communicate to their audiences the social status of victims and killers and at the same time traditional social values and norms. The employment of ‘binary oppositions’ in noun phrases that introduce and/or classify victims and killers thus enables newspapers to appeal to the public and act, or at least try to act, as moral guardians.
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Blommaert, Jan. "Sociolinguistics and Discourse Analysis: Orders of Indexicality and Polycentricity." Journal of Multicultural Discourses 2, no. 2 (November 15, 2007): 115–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2167/md089.0.
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Alba-Juez, Laura. "Discourse Analysis and Pragmatics: Their Scope and Relation." Russian Journal of Linguistics 20, no. 4 (2016): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-9182-2016-20-4-43-55.
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RADZIIEVSKA, T. V. "URBANISTIC NOMINATION IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN LANGUAGE PROCESSES THE: FUNCTIONAL-SEMANTIC AND LINGUOCULTURAL ASPECTS." Movoznavstvo 319, no. 4 (August 20, 2021): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33190/0027-2833-319-2021-4-001.
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The article deals with the modern Ukrainian urbanistic nomination as a constituent of active language processes. From the standpoint of general linguistics functional and semantic nature of urbanonym, its place and role in different discourses, the sociolinguistic phenomenon of renaming (on the example of Kyiv urbanonymy) are examined. In the context of ideas of reference analysis and semantics of syntax an urbanonym is characterized as a unit of an identifying type of meaning (as opposed to units of a predicate type of meaning), to which a close connection between a denotatum and a name, as well as the use in an utterance with the referential function is peculiar. It is shown that the functioning of an urbanistic nomination in oral discourse is determined, first of all, by the pragmatic factor, the speaker’s knowledge of the relationship between the denotatum and its name, his cultural background and experience of living in a certain urban space and by the need for orientation in it. In written speech, the urbanistic nomination is presented in reference and informational, media, historical-topographic, and fiction discourses, in which it has various functions, in particular, the function of identifying an individual or legal entity in juridical texts and other texts of a documentary type. The active sociolinguistic processes in which the urbanonyms are involved find an imprint in modern fiction discourse in the creation of non-standard syntactic constructions and the use of unofficial urbanistic nominations within the frame of language game. The practice of renaming is analyzed in the aspect of reference analysis, in connection with which two types of linguocultural situations are distinguished, due to the correlation between the transformation of the urban object (denotatum) and the change of name. It is shown that in the modern Ukrainian practice of renaming, there is a steady tendency towards the introduction of an additional predicate semantic component into the meaning of an urbanonym. It is concluded that the current functioning of the urbanonym is subordinated to the mechanisms that operate in the different discursive practices.
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Agyekum, Kofi. "The socio-cultural concept of face in Akan communication." Pragmatics and Cognition 12, no. 1 (June 10, 2004): 71–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.12.1.06agy.
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The paper examines the metaphorical expressions derived from anim ‘face’ in Akan, a major language in Ghana. It analyses and discusses face metaphoric expressions in relation with the universal concept analysed by Face Theory. The paper projects this concept onto the Akan cultural system and looks at how the concept is used in Akan communicative interaction. The sociolinguistics and pragmatics of anim are considered. In particular, it focuses on face-to-face interaction and the typical situations and discourses within the Akan speech community where the concept of face plays a role.
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Mulyadi, Mulyadi, Suhandano Suhandano, and Aris Munandar. "Style-shifting in Usage Instructions of Food, Beverage, and Pharmaceutical Products in Japanese Language." Japanese Research on Linguistics, Literature, and Culture 3, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.33633/jr.v3i2.4589.
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The present article attempts to describe the shifting use of formal and informal styles in usage instruction discourse of food, beverage, and pharmaceutical products in Japanese. The aim is to explain the background of style-shifting from a formal style, indicated by -desu in adjectives and nouns and -masu in verbs, into an informal style without any -desu or –masu forms in place. The background is reviewed through the perspectives of both sociolinguistics and pragmatics. The data were collected from various food, beverage, and pharmaceutical product packages containing usage instructions in Japanese. Study results indicate that style-shifting does not only occur through spoken language (orally) but via written discourse, which maintains unchanging external factors or definite contexts. Style-shifting is not only affected by the status of the speech partner but also more likely affected by the content of the information delivered to the consumers. Aside from occurring within a single discourse, style-shifting is also observed at a narrower level, namely within one element of discourse conveying a relatively homogenous information.
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Kumar, V. Vinod, Vijay Singh Thakur, and Justin James. "Face Management and Issues of Power, Solidarity, and Distance: Socio-Pragmatic Influences on Literary Discourses." Journal of Language and Literature 19, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24071/joll.v19i2.2115.
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<p><em>Literature, in many ways, reflects human societies. Literature is mainly a linguistic and aesthetic reflection of how human beings conduct their personal and social lives. The use of language by nature is a social activity. Human beings conduct all aspects of their lives through language. In the backdrop of this premise, human communication is, by nature, social communication. Furthermore, language is shaped by societies and, in turn, societies are also shaped by the language they shape. The human communication functions and works on the social aspects related to who speaks to whom, when, in what language, where, how, and for what purpose. In all contexts, the sociolinguistic aspects of power principle, solidarity principle, distance, and face management play an influential role in determining the tenor, tone and mode of communication. This paper attempts to examine, analyze and discuss the socio-pragmatic perspectives that shape, guide, and give direction to inter-personal human communication. This analytical discussion of the socio-pragmatic aspects of language use will be carried out through sociolinguistic analyses of dialogic discourses from the magnum opus A Suitable Boy (ASB) authored by Vikram Seth, which is considered to be an authentic socio-cultural document of India. </em></p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>face management, power principle, socio-pragmatic influences, solidarity principle</em></p><p> </p>
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Novozhilova, Anna, Svetlana Korolkova, Yevgenia Shovgenina, and Alexander Shovgenin. "Pragmatics of Translating Tourism Discourse Texts." SHS Web of Conferences 50 (2018): 01121. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001121.
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The article presents translation analysis of the texts within tourism discourse. According to the authors, the Internet is the most popular source of information and thus tourist websites are aimed at forming tourism attractiveness of a certain region as well as promoting regional branding. As illustrated by examples of multilingual hotel websites, the language component of website content is an essential factor for translation. As a result, the analysis of data shows that in many translations various errors are made, which are characterized by a violation of stylistic, lexical, grammatical, spelling and punctuation norms or rules, consequently, translated texts do not correspond to their original communicative and pragmatic function. Having studied the original examples, the authors prove that the translated text in the tourism discourse performs its main function, i.e. attracts a large number of potential customers only when a professional translator while translating generates a new text, taking into account grammatical and linguistic norms of the language of translation, as well as maintaining stylistic imagery and colour in accordance with a specific lingua-culture of a foreign recipient.
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S. Makarova, Tatiana, and Marina A. Khlybova. "DISCOURSE AND DISCOURSE ANALYSIS IN THE CONCEPT OF SOCIOHUMANITARIAN KNOWLEDGE." Humanities & Social Sciences Reviews 7, no. 6 (December 22, 2019): 900–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.18510/hssr.2019.76135.
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Purpose of the study: The aim of the scientific work is to develop a new theory of interdisciplinary discourse based on social and humanitarian knowledge. Today, there are many interpretations of the concept of discourse. This causes certain difficulties in its interpretation. Presentation of the discourse within the multidimensional socio-humanitarian category will allow us to generalize and systematize various approaches to its study, to reveal the sociolinguistic features of the mental-linguistic product in the future integration of social and humanitarian disciplines.
Methodology: The integrative socio-humanitarian theory of discourse analysis highlights the subjective-objective nature of discourse and actualizes the structuralist, poststructuralist, cognitive approaches and its study. The sociolinguistic concept of discourse analysis focuses on the method of synchronous diachronic study of discourse, a descriptive method of discourse analysis, and a comparative historical discourse analysis method.
Main findings: The study found that the theory of discourse, based on a number of humanitarian disciplines (philosophy, sociolinguistics, linguistics), indicates a transformation of the concept of discourse, as well as methods of discourse analysis. A multi-faceted humanitarian concept of discourse analysis is positioned in the post-structuralist, logical-philosophical, sociolinguistic vein.
Applications of this study: The presented integrative interdisciplinary theory of discourse will serve as an impetus for scientific research carried out in the framework of sociolinguistic knowledge. The ontological methodology of discourse analysis, combining the features of structuralism, post-structuralism, cognitivism, is of great practical importance in philosophy, linguistics of the text, communication theory, sociolinguistics, cognitive linguistics.
Novelty/Originality of this study: In the social sciences, there is no single understanding of the concept of discourse. Due to the variability of this concept, various theories of discourse analysis are put forward. For the first time in scientific work, the theory of discourse analysis summarizes the socio-humanitarian theories of discourse (structuralism, poststructuralism, cognitivism). It is demonstrated as a comprehensive research method that allows you to explicate a single utterance, text, as well as cognitive-communicative (speech-cognitive) activity.
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Short, Mick. "Discourse Analysis in Stylistics and Literature Instruction." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 11 (March 1990): 181–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500002038.
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The termsdiscourse analysisandstylistic analysismean different thing to different people. Most narrowly defined, discourse analysis has only to do with the structure of spoken discourse. Such a definition separates discourse analysis from literany stylistics and pragmatics—the study of how people understand language in context. At the other end of the spectrum, discourse analysis can be carried out on spoken and written texts, and can include matters like textual coherence and cohesion, and the inferencing of meaning by readers or listeners. In this case, it includes pragmatics and much of stylistics within its bounds. Similarly, stylistics can apply just to literary texts or not, and be restricted to the study of style or, on the other hand, include the study of meaning. For the purposes of this review, relatively wide definitions of both areas have been assumed in order to make what follows reasonably comprehensive. The main restriction assumed is that the works discussed will be relevant to the examination of literature in some way. The section on literature instruction will include matters relevant to both native and non-native learners of English, and will also make reference to the integration of literary and language study.
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Jocuns, Andrew. "Why is English Green? The Preference for English on Environmental Discourse at a Thai University." Manusya: Journal of Humanities 22, no. 3 (December 9, 2019): 289–320. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-02203002.
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This paper reports on an analysis of environmental discourse, or green discourse, in the linguistic and geosemiotic landscape of a Thai university. The overwhelming majority of green discourse signs at the university are in English and where they are bilingual (Thai and English), they tend to contain English in the preferred position. The language usage on the signage is also shown to be related to the sociolinguistics of globalization (Blommaert 2010) in terms of scale, indexical order, and polycentricity. These data are triangulated with data collected from walking interviews with students. The literature on ecolinguistics, the ecology of language and green discourse are reviewed within the context of the present study. The analysis focuses upon the geosemiotics (Scollon and Scollon 2003) of green discourse and how such discourse reflects patterns of the sociolinguistics of globalization.
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El-Dali, Hosni M. "The Language of Consumer Advertising: Linguistic and Psychological Perspectives." Studies in Linguistics and Literature 3, no. 2 (April 12, 2019): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sll.v3n2p95.
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<em>This study examines the consumer advertising which is directed towards the promotion of some product or service to the public. The study, however, is not meant to exhaust all the aspects of this particular discourse, or present an answer to all the problems it poses. Rather, it aims at uncovering the basic elements of the most pervasive, influential and inescapable discourse of the 21st century; the advertising text. It focuses on the interaction of language, image and layout, and examines advertising persuasive strategies. In doing so, it draws on various linguistic (particularly pragmatic, psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic) theories. In addition, this study provides analyses of some ads, using different ways of interpretations; and ends with a discussion on the interrelationship between culture (schemes) and advertising discourse. In this connection, instances from the Egyptian media, and their analyses are provided, with a view to clarifying some rhetorical categories in Arabic Advertising, and showing that texts construct meaning through interaction with other types of discourse, and inseparable from the culture of the advertising text.</em>
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Cecconi, Elisabetta. "Legal discourse and linguistic incongruities in Bardell vs. Pickwick: an analysis of address and reference strategies in The Pickwick Papers trial scene." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 17, no. 3 (August 2008): 205–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947008092500.
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In this article I intend to show how Pickwick's trial in Dickens's novel The Pickwick Papers is characterized by a strategic use of address and reference forms that produce effects of discoursal incongruities during the opening and the evidence phase of the proceeding. The analysis reveals Dickens's ability to exploit socio-pragmatic features of the speaker—addressee and speaker—referent—addressee relationships in order to foreground the lawyers' manipulative discourse behaviour towards their addressees and referents. In so doing, the writer undermines the assumption according to which the courtroom is a polite setting characterized by the exchange of mutual respect and deference between participants. The manipulation of address strategies is mainly accomplished by violating the sociolinguistic rules expected in the legal setting or by producing a disjunction between the conventional meaning of honorifics and the speaker's pragmatic intention. The result is that many of the honorifics in the text assume a sarcastic function that contrasts with the politic behaviour prescribed by the courtroom. The manipulation of reference strategies, on the other hand, is accomplished by means of a skilful selection of words for the description of persons and events in a way congenial to the story as claimed and supported by the speaker, no matter how far from the truth this may be. Text evidence shows how the lawyer's referent-term selection denigrates the defendant and creates a mismatch between the reader's expectation of formal politeness in the courtroom and the interrogator's strategic use of a controlled but finally effective rudeness.
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Meepoe, Amy. "How Thai Ties: A Discourse Analysis of Tying Techniques in Thai." Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society 23, no. 1 (September 17, 1997): 268. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/bls.v23i1.1273.
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Kanakri, Mahmoud Ali, and Ahmad Mohammad Al-Harahsheh. "The Discourse Analysis and Pragmatics of ʔa:di in Jordanian Spoken Arabic." International Journal of English Linguistics 3, no. 6 (November 25, 2013): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v3n6p59.
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<p>The present paper aims at studying the discourse functions of the discourse marker “ʔa:di” in Jordanian Spoken Arabic. The data analyzed consisted of 20 video-taped dyadic conversations in Jordanian Arabic. These conversations were transliterated and then translated into English. Discourse analysis is employed as a theoretical framework for the current study. The study concludes that the adjective “ʔa:di” has many discoursal functions, its pragmatic meaning relies on the context of situation and its translatability is cultural specific.</p>
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Lian, Min. "Discourse Analysis of Oliver Twist from the Perspective of Pragmatics." Theory and Practice in Language Studies 7, no. 8 (August 1, 2017): 626. http://dx.doi.org/10.17507/tpls.0708.04.
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As a great representative of the British realism literature in the 19th century, Charles Dickens’ Oliver Twist is set in foggy city London, but reflects the complex social reality in that time. Many domestic scholars studied and analyzed this novel from different perspectives, while most of them paid much attention to the literature translation and analysis of the characters’ image, few studied it from the perspective of pragmatic theories. In view of it, this paper selects plenty of dialogues from the novel and they are classified and analyzed on the basis of Grice’s Cooperative Principle and Leech’s Politeness Principle. After analyzing the characters’ conversational implicature, this paper aims to provide a linguistic reference for the appreciation of characters’ image and social significance of the novel. The paper consists of introduction, main body and conclusion three parts. Introduction part gives a simple introduction of the author Charles Dickens and the novel, then states the previous researches on the subject as well as the research angle, goal and method. The body (consists of two chapters) firstly gives a detailed introduction of the theoretical framework, then analyzes the selected dialogues on the basis of Cooperative Principle and Politeness Principle respectively. Conclusion part puts forward that people always express their ideas indirectly and implicitly in their speech communication to violate the Cooperative Principle, that is out of consideration of politeness to others, namely observing Politeness Principle.
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Valentine, Jeremy. "Angermuller, Johannes (2014). Poststructuralist Discourse Analysis: Subjectivity in Enunciative Pragmatics." Journal of Language and Politics 16, no. 5 (September 13, 2017): 754–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jlp.00004.val.
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Kecskes, Istvan. "Is there anyone out there who really is interested in the speaker?" Language and Dialogue 2, no. 2 (August 13, 2012): 283–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ld.2.2.06kec.
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This paper discusses two important issues of current pragmatics research as related to dialogue and discourse: interest in the hearer rather than the speaker, and focus on utterance rather than dialogue and discourse segment. These two issues are intertwined, and they are each other’s consequences. It will be argued that current pragmatic theories appear to be hearer-centered and utterance-centered and they consider communication recipient design and intention recognition. This explains why the main interest in these theories is in interpretation: recovery of speaker’s meaning by the hearer. The paper claims that hearer-centeredness is a direct consequence of the fact that pragmatics is an utterance-based inquiry. In order for us to get closer to what exactly the speaker has wanted to say we need to go beyond utterance to dialogue and discourse segment. This would require rethinking and reevaluating, to some extent, what current pragmatics is all about. In fact this process has already started. Several studies have been talking about “narrow pragmatics” and “wide pragmatics” discussing the relationship of pragmatics, dialogue (e.g. Weigand 2001, 2004, 2006, 2010, Cooren 2010) and discourse analysis (e.g. Puig 2003, Taboada and Mann 2006, De Saussure 2007).