Relevant bibliographies by topics / Soxhlet extraction

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Academic literature on the topic 'Soxhlet extraction'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 14 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Soxhlet extraction"

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Virot, Matthieu, Valérie Tomao, Giulio Colnagui, Franco Visinoni, and Farid Chemat. "New microwave-integrated Soxhlet extraction." Journal of Chromatography A 1174, no. 1-2 (December 2007): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.09.067.

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Dunnivant, Frank M., and Alan W. Elzerman. "Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Sediments, Using Sonication Extraction and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detection with Internal Standard Calibration." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, no. 3 (May 1, 1988): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.3.551.

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Abstract A sonication technique is presented for the extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from sediments. In addition, a quantitation scheme is described which allows peak-specific and, in many cases, congener-specific determination of PCBs. PCBs are quantitated by capillary column gas chromatography-electron capture detection, with internal standard calibration. Results utilizing sonication extraction were compared with those obtained by Soxhlet and steam distillation extractions of 3 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) quality control sediment samples and 3 lake sediments known to be contaminated with PCBs. Environmental lake sediments were extracted wet, with no drying prior to extraction. Recoveries by each technique varied depending on the sediment sample being extracted and degree of chlorination of PCB congeners. With proper selection of extraction solvent, the sonication technique can recover amounts of PCBs equivalent to and sometimes greater than recoveries by the Soxhlet or steam distillation techniques. A 24-h quiescent period in the extraction solvent between 2 sonications improved extraction efficiency for 2 freeze-dried sediments but did not affect results obtained for 3 environmentally contaminated sediments that were extracted without drying. Replacement of Soxhlet extraction with the sonication technique results in reduced sample preparation time, decreased volumes of solvents and sample, and substitution of common laboratory glassware in place of fragile, expensive Soxhlet glassware. Sonication extraction can also improve precision compared with Soxhlet extraction
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Rahkadima, Y. Tri, Anggun Fitria Laila Ningsih, and Medya Ayunda Fitri. "Aplikasi Microwave Hydrodistillation pada Ekstraksi Biji Kapulaga." Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan 4, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v4i2.169.

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Minyak Atsiri dari kapulaga memiliki banyak manfaat dibidang industri maupun kesehatan. Metode alternatif diperlukan untuk mengoptimalkan kualitas dan kuantitas minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan karena metode konvensional memiliki banyak kelemahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan hasil minyak atsiri dari proses ekstraksi konvensional menggunakan soxhlet dan ekstraksi microwave hydrodistilation . Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan serbuk biji kapulaga seberat 40 gram yang telah dipisahkan dari bahan impuritiesnya . Pada metode ekstraksi Soxhlet , n-heksan digunakan sebagai pelarut, sementara itu pada metode ekstraksi Microwave Hydrodistilation menggunakan aquadest sebagai pelarutnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persen yield tertinggi diperoleh saat menggunakan metode ekstraksi soxhlet yaitu sebesar 3,608% dengan volume pelarut 250 ml , waktu ekstraksi 6 jam. Penggunaan aquades dalam metode microwave hydro-distilation tidak memberikan hasil yang maksimal jika dibandingkan metode konventional ekstraksi soxhlet dengan pelarut n-heksan.Essential oils from cardamom have many benefits in the field of industry and health. Alternative methods are needed to optimize the quality and quantity of essential oils produced because conventional methods have many disadvantages. This study aims to compare the results of essential oils from conventional extraction processes using Soxhlet and Microwave Hydrodistilation extraction. The study was conducted using cardamom seed powder weighing 40 grams which had been separated from the impurities. In the Soxhlet extraction method, n-hexane is used as a solvent, while in the Microwave Hydrodistilation extraction method uses aquadest as the solvent. The results showed that the highest percent yield was obtained when using the Soxhlet extraction method which was 3.608% with a volume of solvent of 250 ml, extraction time of 6 hours. The use of distilled water in the microwave hydro-distillation method does not give maximum results when compared to the conventional method of extracting Soxhlet with n-hexane solvent.
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Brown, Ron H., and Irene Mueller-harvey. "Evaluation of the Novel Soxflo Technique for Rapid Extraction of Crude Fat in Foods and Animal Feeds." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 6 (November 1, 1999): 1369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.6.1369.

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Abstract The new Soxflo instrument was evaluated for the determination of crude fat in foods and animal feeds. Samples are packed into small columns and extracted with petroleum ether at room temperature. The Soxflo yielded accurate data from foods, ranging from 0.4 to 73.2% crude fat, compared with Soxhlet extractions and Certified Reference Materials, for which recoveries averaged 99.7 and 100.7%, respectively. Relative standard deviations (1.81 %) were approximately half those of Soxhlet extractions (3.68%). Regression analysis of the data suggested that there was no proportional bias. A small but acceptable constant bias was measured. Soxflo extractions are easy to perform and take approximately 1 h to complete. The main difference between the Soxflo and Soxhlet techniques lies in the extraction procedure. Estimated savings during extractions are in time (85% reduction), energy (95%), cooling water (100%), and solvents (50%). Soxflo extractions are, therefore, more environmentally friendly than Soxhlet extractions.
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Tesfaye, Bereket, Tilahun Tefera, Misikir O, and Tsegaye G. "EXTRACTION AND COMPARISON OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM NEEM SEED BY USING SOXHLET EXTRACTION AND SIMPLE DISTILLATION METHODS." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 9 (March 21, 2020): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i9.2018.291.

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Extraction of essential neem oil from neem seed were carried by soxhelt extraction and simple distillation method using different types of solvents and parameters. Physico-chemical characteristics of the extracted oil were also determined by using classical wet chemical method. Results were generated in both techniques. Soxhlet extraction using hexane has 40.35%, using ethanol-hexane mixture of 60:40% volume proportions have 43.71%, using ethanol 42.65% and using methanol 42.89%. In simple distillation method results reveal that using hexane 42.35%, in methanol 39.5%, using ethanol 40.72% and using ethanol-hexane mixture of 60:40% has 41.26 %. For all solvent type particle size has 355μm, extraction time 1hr up to 3hrs and applied constant and varies temperatures. At smaller extraction time, hexane produced oil yield greater than from ethanol and methanol. In soxhlet extraction, ethanol not produced oil at one-hour extraction time. Thus, by effective determination of factors like particle sizes, solvent type, temperature, and time it is possible to investigate the result on the quality and quantity of neem oil.
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Ul Islam, Khursheed, Benazir Chishti, Atul Kulkarni, H. Fouad, Mohamed Hashem, H. K. Seo, and Z. A. Ansari. "Bacterial Inhibition and Oxidative Stress Remedial Properties of Azadirachta indica and Moringa oleifera." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 1055–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3764.

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Bacterial resistance towards the use of synthetic drugs has created a havoc in the modern era of health sciences. Medicinal plants may pave the way for alternative source of medicines that can overcome bacterial resistance. In this regard, employing three different extraction procedure (Maceration, Decoction and Soxhlet) aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica were prepared and observed for bacterial inhibition and antioxidant properties. Phytochemical screening results revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, reducing sugars and saponins. Percentage scavenging activity primarily DPPH assay shows Moringa oleifera Soxhlet 6th (MOS 6th) with the highest percentage scavenging activity. Similarly, total flavonoid content estimation results rendered Moringa oleifera Decoction (MOD) as the highest flavonoid containing sample (68.97 ± 0.9) mg RUE/ml. Antibacterial efficiency of the extracts was monitored against Streptococcus mutans (gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (E. Coli) DH5 (gram-negative) bacteria, 96-well microtiter two-fold dilution reveals lowest MIC of 625 μg ml–1 for Neem soxhlet 6th cycle (NS 6th) against Streptococcus mutans while Moringa oliefera soxhelt 2nd cycle shows a low toxicity pattern (MIC 5000 μg ml–1). However, only three extract (Neem Soxhlet 2nd cycle, Moringa oleifera Soxhlet 2nd cycle and Neem Soxhlet 6th cycle) shows inhibitory potential against E. coli. Furthermore, zone of inhibition acquired via agar-well diffusion assay well corroborates with the results of 96-well pate. Based on extraction procedure, Soxhlet method establishes a good toxicity profile against the studied organism.
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Sahad, Naimah, Ayub Md Som, and Alawi Sulaiman. "Review of Green Solvents for Oil Extraction from Natural Products Using Different Extraction Methods." Applied Mechanics and Materials 661 (October 2014): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.661.58.

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This paper provides an overview of the use of green solvents for oil extraction from natural product using soxhlet extraction and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) methods. In terms of qualitative and quantitative determinations on the extracted oils, the use of green solvents was comparable with n-hexane. For soxhlet extraction method, the integration of microwave application into the soxhlet at their optimum conditions has shown improvement in oil yield, oil quality, solvent consumption and extraction time. SFE using CO2also revealed promising results as soxhlet extraction but apparently it involved high operating cost and difficult to control. Despite of that, all the studies successfully demonstrated the suitability of green solvent as an alternative to petroleum driven solvents for extraction of oils from natural products.
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Cheng, Haidi, and Tianmin Sun. "Study on the Different Method of Extraction of Star Anise Oil." E3S Web of Conferences 213 (2020): 03035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021303035.

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The three reagents of anhydrous ethanol, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate were selected by soxlet extraction, steam distillation and ultrasonic extraction to extract the star anise oil from the fine anise powder. Three kinds of methods for extracting star anise oil were studied on different pattern organic solvent. The result of the different volume fractions of ethanol is that the highest extraction rate is 99.7% ethanol. It can be seen that the extraction rate are: ethanol > petroleum ether > acetic acid ethyl ester. The different methods of extracting the star anise oil shows that the extraction rate are: soxhlet extraction method > ultrasonic extraction method > steam distillation extraction method. In summary, it can be seen by soxhlet extraction method and the best solvent is 99.7% ethanol.
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Rodrigues, Vítor H., Marcelo M. R. de Melo, Inês Portugal, and Carlos M. Silva. "Extraction of Added-Value Triterpenoids from Acacia dealbata Leaves Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction." Processes 9, no. 7 (July 3, 2021): 1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9071159.

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Forestry biomass is a by-product which commonly ends up being burnt for energy generation, despite comprising valuable bioactive compounds with valorisation potential. Leaves of Acacia dealbata were extracted for the first time by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using different conditions of pressure, temperature and cosolvents. Total extraction yield, individual triterpenoids extraction yields and concentrations were assessed and contrasted with Soxhlet extractions using solvents of distinct polarity. The extracts were characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and target triterpenoids were quantified. The total extraction yields ranged from 1.76 to 11.58 wt.% and the major compounds identified were fatty acids, polyols, and, from the triterpenoids family, lupenone, α-amyrin and β-amyrin. SFE was selective to lupenone, with higher individual yields (2139–3512 mg kgleaves−1) and concentrations (10.1–12.4 wt.%) in comparison to Soxhlet extractions, which in turn obtained higher yields and concentrations of the remaining triterpenoids.
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Jenkins, Thomas F., and Marianne E. Walsh. "Instability of tetryl to Soxhlet extraction." Journal of Chromatography A 662, no. 1 (February 1994): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)85308-8.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Soxhlet extraction"

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Virot, Matthieu. "Soxhlet assisté par micro-ondes : conception et application à l'extraction des matières grasses." Avignon, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AVIG0236.

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De manière générale, la préparation d'échantillon peut être décomposée en deux étapes distinctes : extraction et analyse. Alors que l'étape analytique requiert quelques minutes, l'étape d'extraction nécessite plusieurs heures (ou jours). C'est le cas de la méthode de Soxhlet, inventée en 1879 qui est aujourd'hui la procédure de référence pour l'extraction solide-liquide. Depuis la découverte des effets thermiques des micro-ondes par Spencer en 1946, l'impact des micro-ondes sur la matière a été largement caractérisé et validé par la communauté scientifique. Rapidement, les micro-ondes ont été utilisées pour l'extraction dans le but de contrecarrer les limites des techniques d'extraction conventionnelles. Notre travail a consisté en la conception, l'optimisation et la valorisation d'une technique d'extraction destinée au dosage des matières grasses dans les matrices alimentaires solides : le Soxhlet assisté par micro-ondes. Une première partie du document est consacrée à la compréhension des fondements et considérations théoriques de l'énergie micro-ondes. Une seconde partie du manuscrit rappelle les techniques employées pour la conception et valorisation du Soxhlet assisté par micro-ondes. Enfin, la dernière partie du manuscrit traite des résultats obtenus et s'articule selon trois sections distinctes : dans un premier chapitre, la mise au point, l'optimisation et l'application du nouveau dispositif sont décrites. L'appareillage permet des extractions rapides, non destructrices et généralisables à diverses matrices alimentaires discutées dans un second chapitre. L'approche écologique de l'invention, combinée à l'emploi du d-limomène, comme alternative au n-hexane conventionnel, fait l'objet d'un troisième et dernier chapitre
In most cases, sample preparation can be divided in two distinctive steps : extraction and analysis. While analytical step requires few minutes, the extraction step requires several hours (or days). This applies to the Soxhlet method, invented in 1879, which today is the reference for solid-liquid extraction. Since the discovery of thermal effects of microwaves by Spencer in 1946, the impact of microwaves on the matter has been widely characterized and validated by the scientific community. Quickly, microwaves were used for extraction to counteract limitations of conventional extraction procedures. Our work consisted of design, optimization and development of a new extraction technique for the determination of fat in solid food samples : the microwave-integrated Soxhelt. The first part of the document is devoted to understanding the theoretical foundations and considerations of microwave energy. A second part of the manuscript refers to the techniques used for the design and optimization of microwave-integrated Soxhlet. Finally, the last part of the manuscript deals with the results obtained and is divided into three distint sections : in a first chapter, the development, optimization and implementation of the new device are described. The apparatus allows rapid and non-destructive extractions that can be generalized for various food matrices. This topic is discussed in a second chapter. The ecological approach of the invention, combined with the use d-limonene, as an alternative to conventional n-hexane, is the subjet of a third and final chapter
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Getachew, Mesaye. "Analysis of Organohalogen Pollutants in Pine Needles Comparison of Soxhlet and Ultrasonic Extraction Methods." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Kemiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-58208.

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Smith, Scott. "Comparative extraction techniques for environmental pollutants." Thesis, This resource online, 1996. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10022008-063220/.

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Pospíchalová, Lucie. "Adaptogeny v rostlině Shizandra chinensis." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-401845.

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This diploma thesis deals with plant adaptogens (bioactive substances) in the plant Schisandra chinensis. The theoretical part is focused on characterization of the Schisandra genus, characterization of the Schisandra chinensis as a plant, its properties, occurrence and growing possibilities in the climate zone. Furthermore, The effects of these adaptogens on the organism and the prediction of possible use in food supplements are described. The experimental part deals with the extraction of fruits and leaves from plant Schisandra chinensis. Further, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b in the leaves extract was determined by UV – VIS spectrophotometry, whereby the optimal amount 3:1 of chlorophyll was confirmed for the plants growing in optimal conditions. Finally, the concentration of the adaptogen schisandrin A in the dried fruits was from different kind of extraction measured by HPLC. In all fruits, schisandrin A was confirmed, but the amount is different in each sample.
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Anthony, Renil J. "Solvent Extraction of Lipids from Microalgae." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1280854965.

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Mafalda, Micheline de Fátima Valle. "Rendimento e ação fungitóxica dos extratos de folhas e cascas da Guazuma ulmifolia." Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/498.

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Este trabalho teve como objetivo, determinar o rendimento dos extratos de folhas e cascas da espécie florestal Guazuma ulmifolia, identificar os principais componentes químicos dos extratos obtidos, e analisar a ação fungitóxica ao fitopatógeno Fusarium sp. Para a determinação da umidade, inseriu-se as amostras em formas de alumínio, posteriormente colocadas na estufa a 50ºC por 4 dias. Para avaliar o rendimento das amostras na extração com Soxhlet, utilizou-se os cones de filtros secos em estufa a 50ºC, e na maceração à frio avaliou-se o peso dos recipientes. Na representatividade das extrações, o álcool etílico apresentou maior rendimento para amostras de folhas e cascas. No bioensaio com o fitopatógeno, foram selecionados os extratos de folhas e cascas em hexano e acetato de etila, nas concentrações de 50.000μL/mL à 1.000μL/mL. As análises fitoquímicas foram realizadas em CG(M-S), utilizando o gás hélio (He), e os principais componentes detectados nos extratos em acetato de etila foram: Fitol, Esqualeno, Tetracontano, Lupeol e Tocoferol (Vitamina E) para as folhas, e Ácido Linolênico, Tocoferol, Esqualeno, Estigmasterol e o Fucosterol, para as cascas.
The objective of this work was to determine the yield of leaves and bark extracts of the Guazuma ulmifolia forest species, to identify the main chemical components of the extracts obtained, and to analyze the fungitoxic action of the phytopathogen Fusarium sp. For the determination of the humidity, the samples were inserted in aluminum forms, later placed in the oven at 50ºC for 4 days. In order to evaluate the yield of the samples in the Soxhlet extraction, the greenhouse filter cones were used at 50ºC, and in the cold maceration, the weight of the containers was evaluated. In the representativity of the extractions, ethyl alcohol presented higher yields for leaf and bark samples. In the phytopathogen bioassay, extracts of leaves and bark were selected in hexane and ethyl acetate at concentrations of 50,000 μL / mL at 1,000 μL / mL. The phytochemical analyzes were performed in CG (MS), using helium gas (He), and the main components detected in ethyl acetate extracts were: Fitol, Esqualeno, Tetracontano, Lupeol and Tocoferol (Vitamin E) for the leaves, and Linolenic Acid, Tocopherol, Squalene, Estigmasterol and Fucosterol, for bark
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Gonçalves, Linda Maria Nobre. "Avaliação de processos de redução/eliminação de TCA em amostras de cortiça." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18381.

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O principal objectivo deste trabalho consistiu na avaliação de processos de redução/eliminação de TCA em amostras de cortiça, nomeadamente rolhas e discos. Os processos de redução/eliminação de TCA em amostras de cortiça foram avaliados com recurso a sistemas de extracção simples e exaustiva sólido-líquido (Soxhlet), em diferentes condições experimentais (sistema extractor de H20/EtOH (88:12 e 80:20)), com e sem substituição de solvente, presença e ausência de adsorvente. O aumento da percentagem de etanol no sistema extractor revelou-se de extrema importância, pois além de permitir a extracção eficaz de TCA das amostras, pressupõe que após o tratamento as rolhas e os discos não libertem TCA quando colocados em contacto com soluções de menores concentrações alcoólicas (e.g. vinhos, espumantes). O carvão activado revelou uma enorme capacidade adsorvente para o TCA o que potencia futuras aplicações deste adsorvente associado a sistemas extractivos; ABSTRACT: The main objective of this study was to evaluate processes of reduction/elimination of TCA in cork samples, including stoppers and discs. The processes of reduction I elimination of TCA in cork samples were evaluated using a solid-liquid simple and exhaustive extraction (Soxhlet) systems under different experimental conditions (extractant system H20 I EtOH (88:12 to 80:20), with and without replacing the solvent, presence or absence of adsorbents). The increase in the percentage of ethanol in the extractor system proved to be extremely important, because besides allowing efficient extraction of TCA, it assumes that cork stoppers and discs samples after treatment, do not release TCA when placed in contact with solutions of lower alcoholic concentrations (e.g. wine, sparkling wine). The activated carbon adsorbent showed an enormous capacity for TCA trapping which potentiates future applications of this adsorbent in extractive systems.
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Ayala, Rosanna Iris. "Fermentation and Supercritical Extraction Studies of Açaí Berry." Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3961.

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The açaí berry has grown in popularity for dieters and the health conscious. The berry contains high levels of antioxidants. The main anthocyanins are cyanidin-3-rutinoside and cyanidin-3-glucoside. The berries also contain vitamins and nutrients that help boost energy and alertness, and fatty acids that help maintain normal cholesterol levels. As a result of the health benefits of the constituents, the berries are chosen for obtaining the active ingredients by extraction. The solids left over after extraction still contain nutrients and useful components. There is a possibility of fermenting this residual and creating an açaí berry wine. Açaí berry wine is another new product on the market. The extracts and the wine are analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In an effort to utilize every part of the berry, the residual from the extract is also successfully fermented. Pilot plant studies are conducted utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide, an ethanol entrainer to increase its solubility, and subcritical water to extract components from freeze dried açaí berry. There is much potential and flexibility in the process, which effectively extracted lipids from the berry leaving behind anthocyanins without solvent residue.
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Okop, Imeh. "Development of methods for the analysis of petroleum contaminated soils." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/development-of-methods-for-the-analysis-of-petroleum-contaminated-soils(2934eaf6-8c3c-408a-ad5a-0b14016fb02e).html.

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Soil contamination from petroleum spills is a frequent environmental problem in the world. It is obvious that petroleum exploration has contributed immensely to the economic growth of Nigeria, but over the last few decades, the Niger Delta of Nigeria has suffered grave human health risk and ecosystem degradation resulting from oil spillages, petroleum products leakages and other involuntary effluent discharges from oil exploration activities. This research seeks to develop and optimize GC-FID methods for the analysis of Petroleum hydrocarbons. Crude oil spillage contamination of soil from the Niger Delta was investigated 3 months after a crude oil-pipeline spillage. 47 Soil samples (300-500g) were collected at several points in the South-South Niger Delta. Control samples were taken from four unaffected sites within the vicinity of spillage with similar soil characteristics. Samples were collected at depths of 0-15 cm, 15-30 cm and 30-60 cm. The soil samples were prepared for analysis using solvent extraction methods, passed through column of sodium sulphate and Florisil® to aid in column performance, remove moisture and gross impurities. Samples were analysed using gas chromatography with a flame ionisation detector. Penetration and migration of C10-C26 and C26-C34 hydrocarbons through the soil layers were assessed by cluster analysis to determine the spatial distribution, penetration and chemical similarity of these compounds over the contaminated area. This information is a useful guide for bioremediation purpose. It was found that total petroleum hydrocarbon concentrations varied from 9-289 mgkg-1 topsoil, 8-318 mgkg-1 subsoil and 7-163 mgkg-1 at the greatest depth measured.The results show elevated levels of total hydrocarbon contents when compared with the reference sites. Drastic steps should be taken to carefully monitor and remediate the environment. Bioremediation with plants and micro-organisms is endorsed.
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Prado, Fernanda Guilherme do. "Avaliação de compostos bioativos produzidos por fungos do gênero Rhizopus sp. por fermentação em estado sólido utilizando diferentes substratos agroindustriais." Universidade Federal do Tocantins, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11612/1047.

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A soja e seus produtos são ricos em isoflavonóides, estes possuem a concentração aumentada após a fermentação microbiana, devido à liberação de fenólicos, através da conversão das formas glicosídicas em agliconas. O processo fermentativo em estado sólido por fungos filamentosos tem sido amplamente empregado como uma estratégica biotecnológica na busca de agregar valores aos produtos e subprodutos agroindustriais, principalmente elevando os teores de compostos bioativos. No presente estudo, foram avaliados o aumento dessas propriedades, como antioxidante e anti-inflamatória em diferentes substratos utilizando linhagens fúngicas do gênero Rhizopus sp. As 17 linhagens testadas foram capazes de elevar o potencial antioxidante dos grãos de soja. A fermentação de soja e arroz utilizando o R. oligosporus NRRL 2710 resultou em um incremento de 26,5 vezes o potencial antioxidante e 9,33 vezes o teor de compostos fenólicos nos extratos etanólicos, em 72 horas de processo. Além disso, mostraram resposta positiva para a atividade antiinflamatória, apresentando capacidade de inibição máxima de 70,75% e concentração inibitória de 4,2 mg mL. Os produtos fermentados pelo R. oligosporus NRRL 2710 foram submetidos a diferentes processos de extração: Soxhlet com diferentes solventes e supercrítica de CO2 + etanol (scCO2 + EtOH), o que permitiu verificar a relação entre a polaridade e o rendimento de extração. As extrações de Soxhlet foram realizadas usando amostras fermentadas secas e úmidas, os maiores valores de rendimento obtidos foram 42,09% e 32,84%, respectivamente. Este tipo de extração permitiu obter valores de atividade antioxidante na concentração inibitória (IC50) de 0,55 e 0,67 g g-1 e compostos fenólicos de 1,30 e 1,05 mg EAG g-1. Diferentes condições foram testadas no processo de extração com fluido comprimido (scCO2 + EtOH), para estudar a influência da pressão e temperatura no rendimento da extração. Os resultados mostraram que ambas as variáveis influenciam o rendimento do processo. Os extratos deste processo apresentaram um valor de IC50 de 0,17 g g-1, inibindo 94,05% do radical DPPH. Quanto aos compostos fenólicos, estes extratos apresentaram 1,39 mg EAG g-1.
The soybean and its products are rich in isoflavonoids, these have the increased concentration after the microbial fermentation, due to the release of phenolics, through the conversion of the glycosidic forms into aglycones. The solid state fermentative process by filamentous fungi has been widely used as a biotechnological strategy in the search of aggregating values to agroindustrial products and byproducts, mainly raising the levels of bioactive compounds. In the present study, the increase of these antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties in different substrates using fungal strains of the genus Rhizopus sp. The 17 lines tested were able to raise the antioxidant potential of the soybean grains. The fermentation of soybean and rice using R. oligosporus NRRL 2710 resulted in an increase of 26.5 times the antioxidant potential and 9.33 times the content of phenolic compounds in the ethanolic extracts, in 72 hours of process. In addition, they showed a positive response to anti-inflammatory activity, with a maximum inhibitory capacity of 70.75% and an inhibitory concentration of 4.2 mg mL. The products fermented by R. oligosporus NRRL 2710 were submitted to different extraction processes: Soxhlet with different solvents and supercritical CO2 + ethanol (scCO2 + EtOH), which allowed to verify the relationship between polarity and extraction yield. Soxhlet extractions were performed using dry and wet fermented samples, the highest values of yield obtained were 42.09% and 32.84%, respectively. This type of extraction allowed to obtain values of antioxidant activity at the inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.55 and 0.67 g g-1 and phenolic compounds of 1.30 and 1.05 mg GAE g-1. Different conditions were tested in the compressed fluid extraction process (scCO2 + EtOH) to study the influence of pressure and temperature on extraction yield. The results showed that both variables influence the yield of the process. The extracts from this procedure had an IC50 value of 0.17 g g-1, inhibiting 94.05% of the DPPH radical. As for phenolic compounds, these extracts presented 1.39 mg GAE g-1.
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Books on the topic "Soxhlet extraction"

1

Acker, V. C. some observations on soxhlet extraction of commercially scoured wools. Christchurch: WRONZ, 1988.

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Blakemore, Robert John. The determination of change in PCB concentration by GC/MS with Soxhlet extraction: And GC/ECD with automated solvent extraction from Portsmouth Harbour sediment. Portsmouth: University of Portsmouth, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 1999.

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C, Price Leigh, and Geological Survey (U.S.), eds. Delineation of background laboratory contamination in the analysis of trace concentrations of extractable organic materials in crystalline rocks by Soxhlet extraction, column chromotography, and gas chromatography. [Reston, Va.?]: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 1999.

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Book chapters on the topic "Soxhlet extraction"

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Myer, L. J. D., J. H. Damian, P. B. Liescheski, and J. Tehrani. "Supercritical Fluid Extraction versus Soxhlet Sample Preparation." In ACS Symposium Series, 221–36. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1992-0488.ch016.

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Sonage, Sachin, Snehal Warake, Dnyaneshwari Barde, Khushboo Chaudhari, Utkarsha Jawale, and Madhukar Tandale. "Optimization of Extraction of Kusum Seed Oil Through Soxhlet Extraction Process Using N-Hexane Solvent." In Techno-Societal 2018, 301–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-16848-3_29.

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Tian, Lin, and Ping Li. "Study on the Soxhlet’s Extraction of Star Anise Oil and Preliminary Investigation of Its Antibacterial Activity." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 509–18. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-46318-5_53.

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López-Bascón, M. A., and M. D. Luque de Castro. "Soxhlet Extraction." In Liquid-Phase Extraction, 327–54. Elsevier, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-816911-7.00011-6.

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"Soxhlet Extraction." In Environmental Sampling and Analysis for Metals, 349. CRC Press, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781420032345.axk.

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Luque de Castro, M. D., and L. E. García Ayuso. "ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS | Soxhlet Extraction." In Encyclopedia of Separation Science, 2701–9. Elsevier, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b0-12-226770-2/06681-3.

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Luque de Castro, M. D., J. Ruiz Jiménez, and L. E. García Ayuso. "Environmental Applications | Soxhlet Extraction." In Reference Module in Chemistry, Molecular Sciences and Chemical Engineering. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-409547-2.04734-x.

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Luque de Castro, M. D., and F. Priego-Capote. "Soxhlet Extraction Versus Accelerated Solvent Extraction." In Comprehensive Sampling and Sample Preparation, 83–103. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-381373-2.00038-7.

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Cavalloro, Valeria, Emanuela Martino, Pasquale Linciano, and Simona Collina. "Microwave-Assisted Solid Extraction from Natural Matrices." In Microwave Heating - Electromagnetic Fields Causing Thermal and Non-Thermal Effects. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.95440.

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The extraction of secondary metabolites from plants, and natural sources in general, is a cornerstone in medicinal chemistry and required the development of sustainable extraction techniques. Microwave-Assisted Solid Extraction (MASE) is a promising extractive methodology being more effective than traditional extraction techniques. It offers higher and faster extraction performance ability with less solvent consumption and protection toward thermolabile constituents. For these reasons, MASE resulted in a suitable extractive methodology in all aspects, including economical and practical, compared to traditional extraction techniques, especially over Soxhlet or solid–liquid extraction. In this chapter, a brief theoretical background about the use of microwave energy for extraction has been presented for better understanding. Then, the potential of MASE for the extraction of secondary metabolites from natural resources, for evaluating the plant productivity and for evaluating the quality of the natural matrices will be reviewed. The discussion is supported by reporting recent applicative examples of MASE applied to the extraction of the most representative chemical classes of secondary metabolites, with a special focus on some drugs or compounds of pharmaceutical and nutraceutical interest.
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Zygler, A., M. Słomińska, and J. Namieśnik. "Soxhlet Extraction and New Developments Such as Soxtec." In Comprehensive Sampling and Sample Preparation, 65–82. Elsevier, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-381373-2.00037-5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Soxhlet extraction"

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Shamsuddin, Nur'Atiqah Mohd, Suzana Yusup, Wan Asma Ibrahim, Awais Bokhari, and Lai Fatt Chuah. "Oil extraction from Calophyllum inophyllum L. via Soxhlet extraction: Optimization using response surface methodology (RSM)." In 2015 10th Asian Control Conference (ASCC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ascc.2015.7244791.

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Muenmuang, Chotika, Monpilai Narasingha, Theerawut Phusantisampan, and Malinee Sriariyanun. "Chemical Profiling of Morinda Citrifolia Extract From Solvent and Soxhlet Extraction Method." In ICBBS '17: 6th International Conference on Bioinformatics and Biomedical Science. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3121138.3121194.

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Kochneva, Margarita, Leonid Butusov, Sergey Bindukov, and Vasiliy Ivlev. "Soxhlet-Randall method modification for rapid lipid extraction on example of rainbow trout." In 18th International Scientific Conference Engineering for Rural Development. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/erdev2019.18.n098.

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Srzednicki, George, Qixin Li, and Robert H. Driscoll. "Effects of different drying conditions on curcumin concentration in turmeric." In 21st International Drying Symposium. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/ids2018.2018.7247.

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Turmeric (Curcuma longa), belongs to Zingiberaceae family. The rhizomes contain bioactive compounds of the curcuminoids group (natural phenols). They are used in food and pharmaceutical industry. The aim of this research was to acquire dried turmeric with high total curcumin content. In this study, optimum turmeric drying conditions and new extraction techniques were explored. Fresh turmeric samples were subjected to constant vs changing drying air temperatures and pre-treatment (blanching). Changing drying air temperature and use of non-blanched turmeric slices resulted in the highest concentration of curcumin. Ultrasonic extraction instead of soxhlet extraction improved the extraction efficiency and decreased extraction time. Keywords: Turmeric, Curcumin; Drying; Blanching; Extraction
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Alsamarraie, Adnan Majeed Mohammad, Mohmmed Abbas Fadhil, Methaq N. Mahmood, Menaa Abdul Salam Al-Abbasi, and Mustafa A. Theyab. "Direct determination of acrylamide in coffee seeds by soxhlet extraction and GC-MS analysis." In 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATERIALS ENGINEERING & SCIENCE (IConMEAS 2019). AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0000447.

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Smirnova, A. O., and O. V. Rybachuk. "Properties of hymatomelanic acid peat and its influence on the growth processes of spring wheat varieties Iren." In VIII Information school of a young scientist. Central Scientific Library of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32460/ishmu-2020-8-0012.

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In this paper, we consider two ways for obtaining hymatomelanic acid extraction into conventional Soxhlet extractions: directly from the peat and from the dry product of humic acid. The results of the study of the elemental composition of humic and hymatomelanic acids are presented, their similarities and differences are analyzed. In order to study the effect of humic and hymatomelanic acid preparations on the growth processes of spring wheat, a vegetation experiment was conducted. Peculiarities of biological action of the solutions and hymatomelanic and humic acids of different concentrations in spring wheat varieties “IREN” were investigated. The paper presents a method for determining the ash content of the studied peat, as well as, calculations of the economic feasibility of using preparations based on the hymatomelanic acids.
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Pina, Maria, Daniel Russo, Cristina Balistreri, Kelly O'Reilly, Luis Cendan, Carlos Vazquez, and Dora Maul. "Analysis of Oyster Plant (Tradescantia Spathacea) Extracts via Maceration, Soxhlet Extraction and Thin Layer Chromatograpy." In MOL2NET 2016, International Conference on Multidisciplinary Sciences, 2nd edition. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mol2net-02-07007.

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Grunina, E. N., I. V. Belova, N. V. Glumova, and Yu S. Budanova. "Экстрактовые масла Acacia dealbata Link. для элитной парфюмерной продукции." In CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE. Federal State Budget Scientific Institution “Research Institute of Agriculture of Crimea”, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-12.

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The aim of this survey was to find the best way for the extraction of essential oils from the Acacia dealbata Link. floral raw materials, as well as discover samples of elite perfumery products of various brands that use this aroma in perfumery compositions. Two methods of extraction with a volatile hydrocarbon solvent were used, namely, 1) Soxhlet extraction; 2) extraction of raw materials by the method of triple infusion in a solvent at a low positive temperature (+ 3 °C). To obtain absolute, concrete was extracted in a classical manner. In the first variant, the yield of concrete was 1.46 % of the weight of raw materials; in the second – 1.18 % but its aroma was more delicate. The content of absolute in the samples was 28.4 % and 24.6 % of the concrete mass, respectively. Famous brands using mimosa fragrance are L`Artisan Parfumeur (Mimosa Pour Moi), Jo Malone (Mimosa & Cardamom), Dolce & Gabbana (Velvet Mimosa Bloom), Calvin Klein (Eternity Summer), Kenzo (Summer by Kenzo), etc.
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Suwari, Herry Z. Kotta, and Yohanes Buang. "Optimization of soxhlet extraction and physicochemical analysis of crop oil from seed kernel of Feun Kase (Thevetia peruviana)." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE AND WORKSHOP ON MATHEMATICAL ANALYSIS AND ITS APPLICATIONS (ICWOMAA 2017). Author(s), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5015998.

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Lu, Peng, Juqiang Lin, Nengrong Liu, Yonghong Shao, Jing Wang, Wei Shi, Jinyong Lin, and Rong Chen. "Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy study of radix astragali based on soxhlet extractor." In Photonics Asia, edited by Qingming Luo, Ying Gu, and Xingde D. Li. SPIE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.1000240.

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Reports on the topic "Soxhlet extraction"

1

Daisey, J. M., L. A. Gundel, and L. Wang. A semi-micro Soxhlet extraction method for the determination of extractable particulate organic matter and selected polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6164088.

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Geochemical evaluation of: Altamura 1, Caribou 26-11-1, Inigok 1, North Inigok 1, Qugruk 4, Tofkat 1, and West Fish Creek 1 wells for whole-oil gas chromatography, soxhlet extractions, and biomarker analysis. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, September 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/29678.

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Geochemical evaluation, including whole oil gas chromatography, soxhlet extractions, biomarker analysis, Rock-Eval pyrolysis, and total organic carbon analyses, of cuttings and core for the Caribou #26-11-1, E Ugnu #1, Ekvik #1, Inigok #1, Ivik #1, Kookpuk #1, Nuna #1, Oooguruk #1, Qugruk #1, Qugruk #3, Qugruk #3A, Qugruk #4, S. Harrison Bay #1, Simpson Lagoon #32-14A, Umiat Test #11 wells. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/29739.

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