Journal articles: 'Soxhlet extraction'

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Virot, Matthieu, Valérie Tomao, Giulio Colnagui, Franco Visinoni, and Farid Chemat. "New microwave-integrated Soxhlet extraction." Journal of Chromatography A 1174, no. 1-2 (December 2007): 138–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2007.09.067.

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Dunnivant, Frank M., and Alan W. Elzerman. "Determination of Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Sediments, Using Sonication Extraction and Capillary Column Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detection with Internal Standard Calibration." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 71, no. 3 (May 1, 1988): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/71.3.551.

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Abstract A sonication technique is presented for the extraction of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from sediments. In addition, a quantitation scheme is described which allows peak-specific and, in many cases, congener-specific determination of PCBs. PCBs are quantitated by capillary column gas chromatography-electron capture detection, with internal standard calibration. Results utilizing sonication extraction were compared with those obtained by Soxhlet and steam distillation extractions of 3 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) quality control sediment samples and 3 lake sediments known to be contaminated with PCBs. Environmental lake sediments were extracted wet, with no drying prior to extraction. Recoveries by each technique varied depending on the sediment sample being extracted and degree of chlorination of PCB congeners. With proper selection of extraction solvent, the sonication technique can recover amounts of PCBs equivalent to and sometimes greater than recoveries by the Soxhlet or steam distillation techniques. A 24-h quiescent period in the extraction solvent between 2 sonications improved extraction efficiency for 2 freeze-dried sediments but did not affect results obtained for 3 environmentally contaminated sediments that were extracted without drying. Replacement of Soxhlet extraction with the sonication technique results in reduced sample preparation time, decreased volumes of solvents and sample, and substitution of common laboratory glassware in place of fragile, expensive Soxhlet glassware. Sonication extraction can also improve precision compared with Soxhlet extraction

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Rahkadima, Y. Tri, Anggun Fitria Laila Ningsih, and Medya Ayunda Fitri. "Aplikasi Microwave Hydrodistillation pada Ekstraksi Biji Kapulaga." Jurnal Teknik Kimia dan Lingkungan 4, no. 2 (October 27, 2020): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jtkl.v4i2.169.

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Minyak Atsiri dari kapulaga memiliki banyak manfaat dibidang industri maupun kesehatan. Metode alternatif diperlukan untuk mengoptimalkan kualitas dan kuantitas minyak atsiri yang dihasilkan karena metode konvensional memiliki banyak kelemahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan hasil minyak atsiri dari proses ekstraksi konvensional menggunakan soxhlet dan ekstraksi microwave hydrodistilation . Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan serbuk biji kapulaga seberat 40 gram yang telah dipisahkan dari bahan impuritiesnya . Pada metode ekstraksi Soxhlet , n-heksan digunakan sebagai pelarut, sementara itu pada metode ekstraksi Microwave Hydrodistilation menggunakan aquadest sebagai pelarutnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persen yield tertinggi diperoleh saat menggunakan metode ekstraksi soxhlet yaitu sebesar 3,608% dengan volume pelarut 250 ml , waktu ekstraksi 6 jam. Penggunaan aquades dalam metode microwave hydro-distilation tidak memberikan hasil yang maksimal jika dibandingkan metode konventional ekstraksi soxhlet dengan pelarut n-heksan.Essential oils from cardamom have many benefits in the field of industry and health. Alternative methods are needed to optimize the quality and quantity of essential oils produced because conventional methods have many disadvantages. This study aims to compare the results of essential oils from conventional extraction processes using Soxhlet and Microwave Hydrodistilation extraction. The study was conducted using cardamom seed powder weighing 40 grams which had been separated from the impurities. In the Soxhlet extraction method, n-hexane is used as a solvent, while in the Microwave Hydrodistilation extraction method uses aquadest as the solvent. The results showed that the highest percent yield was obtained when using the Soxhlet extraction method which was 3.608% with a volume of solvent of 250 ml, extraction time of 6 hours. The use of distilled water in the microwave hydro-distillation method does not give maximum results when compared to the conventional method of extracting Soxhlet with n-hexane solvent.

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Brown, Ron H., and Irene Mueller-harvey. "Evaluation of the Novel Soxflo Technique for Rapid Extraction of Crude Fat in Foods and Animal Feeds." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 82, no. 6 (November 1, 1999): 1369–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/82.6.1369.

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Abstract The new Soxflo instrument was evaluated for the determination of crude fat in foods and animal feeds. Samples are packed into small columns and extracted with petroleum ether at room temperature. The Soxflo yielded accurate data from foods, ranging from 0.4 to 73.2% crude fat, compared with Soxhlet extractions and Certified Reference Materials, for which recoveries averaged 99.7 and 100.7%, respectively. Relative standard deviations (1.81 %) were approximately half those of Soxhlet extractions (3.68%). Regression analysis of the data suggested that there was no proportional bias. A small but acceptable constant bias was measured. Soxflo extractions are easy to perform and take approximately 1 h to complete. The main difference between the Soxflo and Soxhlet techniques lies in the extraction procedure. Estimated savings during extractions are in time (85% reduction), energy (95%), cooling water (100%), and solvents (50%). Soxflo extractions are, therefore, more environmentally friendly than Soxhlet extractions.

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Tesfaye, Bereket, Tilahun Tefera, Misikir O, and Tsegaye G. "EXTRACTION AND COMPARISON OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM NEEM SEED BY USING SOXHLET EXTRACTION AND SIMPLE DISTILLATION METHODS." International Journal of Engineering Technologies and Management Research 5, no. 9 (March 21, 2020): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/ijetmr.v5.i9.2018.291.

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Extraction of essential neem oil from neem seed were carried by soxhelt extraction and simple distillation method using different types of solvents and parameters. Physico-chemical characteristics of the extracted oil were also determined by using classical wet chemical method. Results were generated in both techniques. Soxhlet extraction using hexane has 40.35%, using ethanol-hexane mixture of 60:40% volume proportions have 43.71%, using ethanol 42.65% and using methanol 42.89%. In simple distillation method results reveal that using hexane 42.35%, in methanol 39.5%, using ethanol 40.72% and using ethanol-hexane mixture of 60:40% has 41.26 %. For all solvent type particle size has 355μm, extraction time 1hr up to 3hrs and applied constant and varies temperatures. At smaller extraction time, hexane produced oil yield greater than from ethanol and methanol. In soxhlet extraction, ethanol not produced oil at one-hour extraction time. Thus, by effective determination of factors like particle sizes, solvent type, temperature, and time it is possible to investigate the result on the quality and quantity of neem oil.

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Ul Islam, Khursheed, Benazir Chishti, Atul Kulkarni, H. Fouad, Mohamed Hashem, H. K. Seo, and Z. A. Ansari. "Bacterial Inhibition and Oxidative Stress Remedial Properties of Azadirachta indica and Moringa oleifera." Science of Advanced Materials 12, no. 7 (July 1, 2020): 1055–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sam.2020.3764.

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Bacterial resistance towards the use of synthetic drugs has created a havoc in the modern era of health sciences. Medicinal plants may pave the way for alternative source of medicines that can overcome bacterial resistance. In this regard, employing three different extraction procedure (Maceration, Decoction and Soxhlet) aqueous extract of Moringa oleifera and Azadirachta indica were prepared and observed for bacterial inhibition and antioxidant properties. Phytochemical screening results revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoids, reducing sugars and saponins. Percentage scavenging activity primarily DPPH assay shows Moringa oleifera Soxhlet 6th (MOS 6th) with the highest percentage scavenging activity. Similarly, total flavonoid content estimation results rendered Moringa oleifera Decoction (MOD) as the highest flavonoid containing sample (68.97 ± 0.9) mg RUE/ml. Antibacterial efficiency of the extracts was monitored against Streptococcus mutans (gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (E. Coli) DH5 (gram-negative) bacteria, 96-well microtiter two-fold dilution reveals lowest MIC of 625 μg ml–1 for Neem soxhlet 6th cycle (NS 6th) against Streptococcus mutans while Moringa oliefera soxhelt 2nd cycle shows a low toxicity pattern (MIC 5000 μg ml–1). However, only three extract (Neem Soxhlet 2nd cycle, Moringa oleifera Soxhlet 2nd cycle and Neem Soxhlet 6th cycle) shows inhibitory potential against E. coli. Furthermore, zone of inhibition acquired via agar-well diffusion assay well corroborates with the results of 96-well pate. Based on extraction procedure, Soxhlet method establishes a good toxicity profile against the studied organism.

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Sahad, Naimah, Ayub Md Som, and Alawi Sulaiman. "Review of Green Solvents for Oil Extraction from Natural Products Using Different Extraction Methods." Applied Mechanics and Materials 661 (October 2014): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.661.58.

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This paper provides an overview of the use of green solvents for oil extraction from natural product using soxhlet extraction and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) methods. In terms of qualitative and quantitative determinations on the extracted oils, the use of green solvents was comparable with n-hexane. For soxhlet extraction method, the integration of microwave application into the soxhlet at their optimum conditions has shown improvement in oil yield, oil quality, solvent consumption and extraction time. SFE using CO2also revealed promising results as soxhlet extraction but apparently it involved high operating cost and difficult to control. Despite of that, all the studies successfully demonstrated the suitability of green solvent as an alternative to petroleum driven solvents for extraction of oils from natural products.

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Cheng, Haidi, and Tianmin Sun. "Study on the Different Method of Extraction of Star Anise Oil." E3S Web of Conferences 213 (2020): 03035. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202021303035.

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The three reagents of anhydrous ethanol, petroleum ether and ethyl acetate were selected by soxlet extraction, steam distillation and ultrasonic extraction to extract the star anise oil from the fine anise powder. Three kinds of methods for extracting star anise oil were studied on different pattern organic solvent. The result of the different volume fractions of ethanol is that the highest extraction rate is 99.7% ethanol. It can be seen that the extraction rate are: ethanol > petroleum ether > acetic acid ethyl ester. The different methods of extracting the star anise oil shows that the extraction rate are: soxhlet extraction method > ultrasonic extraction method > steam distillation extraction method. In summary, it can be seen by soxhlet extraction method and the best solvent is 99.7% ethanol.

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Rodrigues, Vítor H., Marcelo M. R. de Melo, Inês Portugal, and Carlos M. Silva. "Extraction of Added-Value Triterpenoids from Acacia dealbata Leaves Using Supercritical Fluid Extraction." Processes 9, no. 7 (July 3, 2021): 1159. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9071159.

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Forestry biomass is a by-product which commonly ends up being burnt for energy generation, despite comprising valuable bioactive compounds with valorisation potential. Leaves of Acacia dealbata were extracted for the first time by supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) using different conditions of pressure, temperature and cosolvents. Total extraction yield, individual triterpenoids extraction yields and concentrations were assessed and contrasted with Soxhlet extractions using solvents of distinct polarity. The extracts were characterized by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and target triterpenoids were quantified. The total extraction yields ranged from 1.76 to 11.58 wt.% and the major compounds identified were fatty acids, polyols, and, from the triterpenoids family, lupenone, α-amyrin and β-amyrin. SFE was selective to lupenone, with higher individual yields (2139–3512 mg kgleaves−1) and concentrations (10.1–12.4 wt.%) in comparison to Soxhlet extractions, which in turn obtained higher yields and concentrations of the remaining triterpenoids.

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Jenkins, Thomas F., and Marianne E. Walsh. "Instability of tetryl to Soxhlet extraction." Journal of Chromatography A 662, no. 1 (February 1994): 178–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-9673(94)85308-8.

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Luque de Castro, M. D., and F. Priego-Capote. "Soxhlet extraction: Past and present panacea." Journal of Chromatography A 1217, no. 16 (April 2010): 2383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2009.11.027.

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Getachew, Bezuayehu, Kemal Ahmed, Mahmud Endris, Manale Zebene, Tsegay Hiwot, Birhane Haile, Mebratu Meresa, and Medhanit Amanu. "Determination of Oil Content and Physicochemical Properties of Oil Extracted from Niger Seed Oil Grown in Gamo Gofa, Southern Ethiopia." International Letters of Chemistry, Physics and Astronomy 63 (January 2016): 141–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilcpa.63.141.

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The Niger seed oil was collected from gamo-gofa, southern part of Ethiopia for oil extraction. The collected seed were oven dried and crushed in to powder by mortar and pestle. A soxhlet and maceration extractions were used for extraction of the oil. The solvents used for both extractions were n-hexane and ethyl acetate. The main reason two different types of solvents and two different type of extraction methods used in this project were to check which type of solvent and extraction method were effective for extraction of oil from Niger seed. From both extraction methods the extracted oil was separated from the solvents by simple distillation. The oil content and the physico-chemical parameters of the oil were determined and an oil content of 23.45% and 21.35% were obtained by maceration and 33.02% and 22.7% by soxhlet extraction method from n-hexane and ethyl acetate respectively. The physico-chemical parameters of the seed and oil were determined and the result shows that moisture content of the seed was (8.3%) and acid value of the oil (1.7391), saponification value (6.0308), Kinematic viscosity (0.561 m2/s), Density of oil (0.9788 g/ml) and Specific gravity of (0.9947). From the result obtained we conclude that n-hexane is an effective solvent and soxhlet extraction is an effective extraction method for extraction of oil from Niger seed.

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Ganzler, Katalin, and Andr�s Salg�. "Microwave-extraction -a new method superseding traditional Soxhlet extraction." Zeitschrift f�r Lebensmittel-Untersuchung und -Forschung 184, no. 4 (April 1987): 274–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01027662.

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Stanojevic, Ljiljana, Mihajlo Stankovic, Milorad Cakic, Vesna Nikolic, Ljubisa Nikolic, and Dusica Ristic. "The effect of the operation conditions and the extraction techniques on the yield, kinetics and composition of methanol extracts of Hieracium pilosella L." Chemical Industry 63, no. 2 (2009): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind0902079s.

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The optimal operational extraction conditions were determined by investigating the influence of the methanol concentration, solvomodule and temperature of the maceration extraction on the yield and kinetics of total extractive matter, chlorogenic acid, umbelliferone and apigenin-7-O-glucoside from Hieracium pilosella L. Based on the results of Soxhlet and Tillepape extraction kinetics investigations of the total extractive matter and the components under the optimal maceration operation conditions it was found that the highest yields of the extractive matter and investigated bioactive components extracted from the dry plant material were obtained by using the Soxhlet extraction method. The contents of chlorogenic acid, umbelliferone and apigenin-7-O-glucoside in the extracts were determined by HPLC method. Chlorogenic acid is the component with the highest share in all the extracts.

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Coover, Mervin P., Ronald C. Sims, and William Doucette. "Extraction of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons from Spiked Soil." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 70, no. 6 (November 1, 1987): 1018–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/70.6.1018.

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Abstract A homogenization method was evaluated for extracting polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from soils. Fifteen PAHs were spiked and recovered from 2 soils at concentrations ranging from 1 to 1000 Mg/g. using the homogenization method and a Soxhlet extraction method. Each extraction method performed well in removing the 15 PAHs from both soils over a broad range of concentrations. In general, Soxhlet extraction yielded slightly but significantly (P <0.05) higher recoveries than did the homogenization method. The homogenization method, however, was easy to use, and the extraction step turnaround time was less than 15 min/sample. The method should be suitable for other applications requiring the extraction of hydrophobic organic compounds from soils.

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Yang, Hong, Wen Yan Bi, Hou Xiang Chen, and Yu Gui Zhang. "Contrastive Studies of Coal between Direct Ultrasonic Extraction and Soxhlet Extraction." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 616–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.616.

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To compare the extraction rate of the organic components of coal between direct ultrasonic extraction and traditional soxhlet extraction, samples were selected from tectonic coal and original bituminous coal in Pingdingshan 8th coal mine and 5th coal mine. Compared the extraction time of two different extraction methods under the same extraction rate, the experimental results showed that the direct ultrasonic extraction rate was 3.6942% under the condition that coal was 8th coal mine tectonic coal, solvent was pyridine, extraction time was 6min and solvent volume was 60mL, while soxhlet extraction time was 14.59h in the same extraction rate. The extraction efficiency of the direct ultrasonic extraction was 145.9 times that of the soxhlet extraction. The ultrasonic extraction was a simplify working with fast extraction speed, sample capacity, energy saving, economy and environmental friendly. It also didn’t require heating which could avoid the influence of high-temperature on components extracted.

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Minakov, Denis Viktorovich, Yuriy Vasil'yevich Morozhenko, and Natal'ya Grigor'yevna Bazarnova. "CONTENT OF EXTRACTIVE SUBSTANCES AND POLYSACCHARIDES IN FRUIT BODIES OF GRIFOLA FRON-DOSA CULTIVATED ON LIGNOCELLULUS SUBSTRATES DEPENDING ON EXTRACTION METHODS." chemistry of plant raw material, no. 2 (June 10, 2020): 241–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/jcprm.2020025507.

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The work is devoted to a comparative analysis of the quantitative content of extractives and water-soluble polysaccharides isolated from the fruit bodies of mushrooms Grifola frondosa depending on the extraction methods. As objects of study used strain of fungi G. frondosa 2639, isolated from commercial mycelium. It was established that the yield of fungi in polypropylene bags (volume up to 4500 cm3) was 36.37%, differing little from the yield of fruit bodies in glass containers (volume 800–1000 cm3). Using the hydrolysis of extraction products it was found that the methods of extracting the fruit bodies of G. frondosa with water lead to the extraction of polysaccharides of different composition. It was established that when using extraction methods in the Soxhlet apparatus, boiling and maceration (25.0±1.0 °C), the yield of extractive substances from the fruit bodies of G. frondosa was within the literature data interval and amounted to 6.04, 5.81 and 3.45%, respectively. It was shown that the highest content of water-soluble polysaccharides in the fruit bodies of G. frondosa was found using the extraction method in the Soxhlet apparatus – 14.92 %, differing from boiling and maceration methods (25.0±1.0 °C) in 1.15 and 1.33 times. By HPLC it was found that when maceration extraction was used (25.0±1.0 °C) and boiling, the monomeric composition of the polysaccharides of the fruit bodies of G. frondosa is mainly glucose, mannose, fucose and rhamnose in a ratio of 1.0 : 0.9 : 0.4 : 1.3, respectively. During extraction in the Soxhlet apparatus, their ratio was 1.0 : 1.2 : 0.5 : 1.9.

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Zhu, Bing Qing, Li Jing Lin, Ji Hua Li, Guo Ti Lv, and Mao Fang Huang. "Comparison of Four Different Extraction Methods of Oil from Macadamia integrifolia." Advanced Materials Research 610-613 (December 2012): 3382–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.610-613.3382.

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Four different extraction methods, solvent extraction, ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction, Soxhlet extraction and supercritical CO2 extraction, were used to extract oil from Macadamia integrifolia, which also named Macadamia nut oil. Fatty acid compositions of Macadamia nut oil were analyzed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed the highest extraction rate was 74.63% via Soxhlet extraction, while supercritical CO2 extraction was 70.53%, ultrasonic wave-assisted extraction was 57.19% and Solvent extraction was 50.37%. Six unsaturated fatty acids, including Z-9-Hexadecenoic acid, E-11-Hexadecenoic acid, 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid, 9-Octadecenoic acid, E-9-Octadecenoic acid and 9-eicosenoate, were identified in the oil by GC-MS．The relative extraction rate of unsaturated fatty acids were 36.53%, 44.21%, 60.62%, 56.81%, respectively. Though the extraction rate was the highest via Soxhlet extraction, the relative content of Z-9-Hexadecenoic acid and 9,12-Octadecadienoic acid were both higher extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction than Soxhlet extraction, which were 15.38% and 1.55%,. As supercritical CO2 extraction has no solvent residual problem, it would be the trend of the development inSubscript text the future to extract Macadamia nut oil.

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Dinesha, B. L., Udaykumar Nidoni, C. T. Ramachandra, Nagaraj Naik, and K. B. Sankalpa. "Effect of extraction methods on physicochemical, nutritional, antinutritional, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) seed kernel oil." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 10, no. 1 (March 1, 2018): 287–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i1.1619.

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The effect of three different extraction methods, namely supercritical CO2, soxhlet and solvent methods on the yield, efficiency, physico-chemical properties, nutritional, anti-nutritional composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) seed kernel oil was investigated in this study. Oil extraction for SC-CO2 were 37.76 g/100g and 98.43%, observed to be higher than those of soxhlet extraction (29.12 g/100g and 76.29%), and significantly lower than solvent extraction (22.12 g/100g and 57.99%). The physico-chemical composition of the oils showed considerable variation among the extraction methods. The SC-CO2 extracted oil was found to be of superior quality, showing negligible thermal degradation and exhibited significantly (p<0.01) higher nutritional and antioxidant activity and lower anti-nutritional composition than the soxhlet and solvent extracted oils. Oils produced by SC-CO2 and soxhlet extraction methods had antimicrobial activities higher than solvent extracted oil. SCCO2 extracted oil was found to have maximum number of bioactive compounds (14 compounds) followed by solvent (8 compounds) and soxhlet (4 compounds) extracted oil. The results of the study demonstrated that SC-CO2 would be a promising process for the extraction of moringa seed kernel oil of premium quality.

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Vidović, Senka, Siniša Simić, Aleksandra Gavarić, Milica Aćimović, and Jelena Vladić. "Extraction of sweet wormwood (Artemisia annua L.) by supercritical carbon dioxide." Lekovite sirovine, no. 40 (2020): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/leksir2040022v.

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In this study, supercritical carbon dioxide was applied for the extraction of Artemisia annua L. Moreover, the impact of different parameters of supercritical extraction on total yield was investigated and the obtained yields were compared to the ones obtained by conventional procedures, hydrodistillation and Soxhlet extraction. Supercritical fluid extraction at 40 °C and different pressures (100, 200, and 300 bar) resulted in extraction yields that were in the 2.23-5.18 % range, while the yields at 60 °C and the same pressures were in the range 2.43-3.35 %. The yields obtained by the Soxhlet extraction and hydrodistillation were 10.28 % and 0.10 %, respectively. Although supercritical fluid extraction is inferior to Soxhlet extraction in terms of the recovery of lipophilic components of A. annua, the Soxhlet extraction is not the method of choice for obtaining sweet wormwood extracts due to its numerous disadvantages that include the use of toxic solvents, extended extraction time, health safety of the product, the need for further processing, the impossibility of adjusting the selectivity and thus the composition of the product.

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Sofyan, Sofyan, Eneh Maesaroh, Ratih Windyaningrum, and Brahmadhita Pratama Mahardhika. "The comparison of crude fat analysis between separated soxhlet method and one extractor soxhlet method for several feed ingredients." Jurnal Temapela 3, no. 2 (May 31, 2021): 60–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/temapela.3.2.60-64.2020.

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Determination of crude fat content (ether extract) using a separate Soxhlet method requires an extraction time of 4 to 6 hours to achieve 5-6 circulation for 1 sample of material. Given the fact that the analysis and extraction time are not time efficient, therefore an alternative method is needed with good accuracy and faster testing time. One alternative is the single-extractor Soxhlet method. The aims of this study were to evaluate the comparison of crude fat extraction results in the separated Soxhlet method and the Soxhlet method in one extractor for several feed ingredients. For the fat testing, this study used two methods, namely the separate method and the Soxhlet method of testing single extractor. The experiments were done by a completely randomized design with 2 treatments and 3 replications. The data was analyzed using the Student T-test. The results showed that the separate Soxhlet method and the single extractor Soxhlet method had no significant difference to the crude fat content of the concentrate feed ingredients with T> 0.05. The use of single extractor Soxhlet showed significant result with T< 0.01 which lower than the separate Soxhlet method in forage samples on the crude fat concentration. Given the outcomes, the use of single extractor Soxhlet is more efficient than the separate Soxhlet method in terms of analysis time of a large number of samples.

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Fattah, I. M. Rizwanul, M. Y. Noraini, M. Mofijur, A. S. Silitonga, Irfan Anjum Badruddin, T. M. Yunus Khan, Hwai Chyuan Ong, and T. M. I. Mahlia. "Lipid Extraction Maximization and Enzymatic Synthesis of Biodiesel from Microalgae." Applied Sciences 10, no. 17 (September 2, 2020): 6103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10176103.

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Microalgae has received overwhelming attention worldwide as a sustainable source for energy generation. However, the production of biofuel from microalgae biomass consists of several steps, of which lipid extraction is the most important one. Because of the nature of feedstock, extraction needs special attention. Three different methods were studied to extract algal oil from two different algae variant, Chlorella sp. and Spirulina sp. The highest percentage oil yield was obtained by ultrasonication (9.4% for Chlorella sp., 6.6% for Spirulina sp.) followed by the Soxhlet and solvent extraction processes. Ultrasonication and Soxhlet extraction processes were further optimized to maximize oil extraction as solvent extraction was not effective in extracting lipid. For ultrasonication, an amplitude of 90% recorded the highest percentage yield of oil for Spirulina sp. and a 70% amplitude recorded the highest percentage yield of oil for Chlorella sp. On the other hand, for Soxhlet extraction, a combination of chloroform, hexane, and methanol at a 1:1:1 ratio resulted in the highest yield of algal oil. Afterward, the crude algae oil from the ultrasonication process was transesterified for 5 h using an immobilized lipase (Novozyme 435) at 40 °C to convert triglycerides into fatty acid methyl ester and glycerol. Thus, ultrasonic-assisted lipid extraction was successful in producing biodiesel from both the species.

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Bi, Wen Yan, Hong Yang, Juan Miao, Yu Gui Zhang, and Jian Feng Wan. "Research on Solvent Extraction Process of Coal for Direct Carbon Fuel Cells." Advanced Materials Research 455-456 (January 2012): 862–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.455-456.862.

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Two different extraction methods, microwave extraction and traditional soxhlet extraction, were used to evaluate the optimal extraction process of coal for direct carbon fuel cells through enrichment efficiency of the organic components and extraction time required under the same extraction rate. The experimental results showed that the extraction rate of microwave extraction was 9.7368% when adopted tectonic coal of 8th coal mine as sample, selected 80mL pyridine as solvent, set 95W as microwave power and 3min as extraction time. Under the same extraction rate condition, soxhlet extraction time is 35.73h, and the extraction efficiency of the microwave extraction was 714.6 times that of the soxhlet extraction. The microwave extraction was a simplify and promising working for coal, which was used as raw fuel for direct carbon fuel cells, with fast extraction speed, large sample capacity, energy saving and environmental friendly.

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Adam, D. J., J. Mainwaring, and Michael N. Quigley. "Soxhlet Extraction of Caffeine from Beverage Plants." Journal of Chemical Education 73, no. 12 (December 1996): 1171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ed073p1171.

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Pedersen, Jörgen R., and Jim O. Olsson. "Soxhlet extraction of acrylamide from potato chips." Analyst 128, no. 4 (2003): 332. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/b212623k.

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Okpo, Samson Onoriode, and Ipeghan Jonathan Otaraku. "Modelling of Soxhlet Extraction of Lemongrass Oil." International Journal of Chemical Engineering Research 7, no. 2 (August 25, 2020): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/23945370/ijcer-v7i2p103.

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Fakirov, S. "Modified Soxhlet apparatus for high-temperature extraction." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 102, no. 2 (2006): 2013–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.23397.

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Smith, C. R., and W. R. Tschinkel. "Ant Fat Extraction with a Soxhlet Extractor." Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2009, no. 7 (July 1, 2009): pdb.prot5243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.prot5243.

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Paukkeri, Ritva, and Arja Lehtinen. "Fractionation of polypropylenes using Soxhlet extraction methods." Polymer 35, no. 8 (April 1994): 1673–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0032-3861(94)90841-9.

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Popescu, Mariana, Malina Desliu Avram, Florin Oancea, Carmen Lupu, and Calina Petruta Cornea. "Bioassisted azeotropic Soxhlet extraction of mustard oilseeds." Journal of Biotechnology 256 (August 2017): S101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbiotec.2017.06.1146.

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Yang, Hong, Wen Yan Bi, Yu Gui Zhang, Hou Xiang Chen, Hua Hu, and Liang Liang Hou. "Study on Extraction Efficiency of Coal with Different Methods." Advanced Materials Research 699 (May 2013): 841–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.699.841.

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To raise the extraction efficiency of the organic components of coal, samples were selected from tectonic coal and original bituminous coal in symbiotic seam of coal in Pingdingshan 8th coal mine and 5th coal mine. For comparing the extraction time required under the same extraction rate, two different extraction methods, ultrasonic-microwave coordination extraction and traditional soxhlet extraction, was adopted. The experimental results showed that the extraction proportion of ultrasonic-microwave coordination extraction was 10.7911% when adopted tectonic coal of 8th coal mine as sample, selected 80mL pyridine as solvent, set 95W as microwave power and 3min as extraction time. Under the condition of same extraction proportion, soxhlet extraction time is 39.43h.So the extraction efficiency of the ultrasonic-microwave coordination extraction was as 788.6 times as soxhlet extraction. The ultrasonic-microwave coordination extraction was a simplify method with fast extraction speed, large volume sample, energy saving and environmental friendly.

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Wu, Shijian, Huanyan Zhang, Beibei Chen, Ming Liu, Yanjun Shen, Qichao Sha, Yuee Zhi, and Pei Zhou. "Multiresidue Determination of Organophosphorus Pesticides in Solid Waste Environmental Samples by Gas Chromatography." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 97, no. 5 (September 1, 2014): 1463–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5740/jaoacint.12-185.

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Abstract The method for the determination of 12 organophosphorus pesticides in solid waste was established. The organophosphorus pesticides were analyzed by Soxhlet extraction or accelerated solvent extraction (ASE)-SPE cartridge-flame photometric detector (FPD), and leaching solution by rotary oscillation-positive pressure filtration-liquid–liquid extraction-SPE cartridge-FPD. The differences of extraction efficiencies between Soxhlet and ASE were compared. Solvent of Soxhlet extraction, purification and recovery of organophosphorus pesticides in leaching conditions were also studied. The recoveries were 54.2–119.8%, and the average recovery was 87.7%. The RSD was 1.89–9.10% (n = 6), the average RSD was 6.88%, and the detection limit was 0.27–0.69 μg/kg.

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Nandan, M. Parvathi, and Vangalapati Meena. "Extraction, Modelling and Purification of Flavonoids from Citrus Medica Peel." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 3, no. 4 (December 30, 2015): 588–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v3i4.13360.

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Soxhlet extraction technique is widely employed for the extraction and separation of chemical constituents in the medicinal plants. Citrus medica L commonly called as Citron belongs to family Rutaceae, is a slow-growing shrub. It is mainly cultivated for the production of edible fruits which are sour in taste like lime and lemon and the main content of a citron fruit is the thick rind, which is very adherent to the segments. From the phytochemical analysis the peel extract is rich source of phenols, flavonoids and alkaloids. The objective of present work is to develop a modelling equation for quercetin, rutin and kaempferol and the crude extract obtained by soxhlet extraction was further purified by solvent-solvent extraction and Column chromatography. Extraction was carried out by 80% methanol as a solvent Soxhlet extractor. Soxhlet extraction with methanol was carried out with varying time intervals, to evaluate modelling equation. The proposed modelling equation was Es = 0.0849(t) + 7.0286 for Quercetin and Es = 0.0912(t) + 25.971 for rutin, and Es = 0.0267(t) + 7.3714 for Kaempferol. High yield was obtained for 180min of Soxhlet extraction with 80% methanol. Yield of quercetin, rutin and kaempferol after solvent-solvent extraction and column chromatography was 22.6µg/ml, 43.7µg/ml and 10.8µg/ml respectively. The proposed model showed good agreement with the experimental data. Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 3(4): 588-591

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Zhang, Xiu Li, Chun Li Li, Xue Yin, Xin Yun Su, and De Hong Yu. "A Comparison Study on Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Catalpol from Rehmannia glutinosa Libosch with Conventional Methods." Advanced Materials Research 1033-1034 (October 2014): 329–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1033-1034.329.

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Catalpol, an iridoid glycoside, has been verified to be of neuroprotection and may be a potential agent for the treatment of neurodegenerative disease. The extraction technology of catalpol has been tested in this paper. We used different extraction methods including extraction at room temperature (ERT), heat reflux extraction, Soxhlet extraction, ultrasonic extraction and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) to evaluat the percentage extraction of catapol fromRehmannia glutinosa Libosch.The extracts were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Methanol (100%, v/v) extracted high percentage extraction of catapol compared to ethanol (60%, v/v) which achieved the highest percentage extraction of catapol in different concentration of ethanol. The results showed that the percentage extraction of catalpol fromRehmannia glutinosa Liboschby MAE was more efficient in short time followed by ultrasonic extraction, Soxhlet extraction, heat reflux extraction and ERT methods. MAE has need of 4 min, whereas ultrasonic extraction, Soxhlet extraction, heat reflux extraction and ERT techniques require 70, 140, 180 min and 60 h respectively, to leach higher percentage extraction of catalpol. The time taken by MAE was nearly 18 times less than the ultrasonic extraction, 35 times less than Soxhlet extraction, 45 times less than heat reflux extraction and 900 times less than ERT for the highest percentage extraction of catalpol. The present results showed that the high extraction efficiency and considerable saving of time by MAE were more competent than the conventional extraction techniques.

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Negoita, Mioara, Adriana Laura Mihai, Alina Adascalului, Enuta Iorga, and Nastasia Belc. "Comparison of the Fatty Acid Composition of Peanut Butter by Applying Different Fat Extraction Procedures." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 11 (December 15, 2018): 3023–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.11.6675.

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The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of different fat extraction procedures on the fatty acids composition (FAs) of a NIST standard reference material, peanut butter (SRM�2387). Extraction of fat was made with petroleum ether by applying six extraction procedures: Soxhlet automatic with B�chi B-811 unit: Soxhlet standard (SS); Soxhlet warm (SW); Hot extraction (HE) and Continuous flow (CF), repeated extraction with solvent (SR) and Soxhlet traditional extraction (ST), by using a Soxhlet extractor. Identification of FAMEs was based on retention time (RT) and the ratio of characteristic ions (m/z) of the reference standards F.A.M.E. Mix C4-C24 and SRM�2377. FAMEs determination was realized by using internal standards (IS) and applying relative response factors (RRFi), and without IS by applying correction factors (Fi). Determination of FAMEs was performed on a GC-MS. Triglyceride of pentadecanoic acid (TAG-IS C15:0) was used as an IS to assess the analyte losses during FAMEs preparation steps, and tricosanoic acid methyl ester (FAME-IS C23:0) was used to evaluate the analyte losses on GC injection. Values of fat content and fatty acids composition determined by the 6 extraction procedures were compared with the NIST certified values of SRM�2387. All 4 procedures of extraction made with B�chi unit B-811 were effective in fat extraction and analysis of fatty acids composition compared to standard methods. Between the experimentally determined values and the certified values there were no significant differences.

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Özbek, H. N., D. Koçak Yanık, S. Fadıloğlu, H. Keskin Çavdar, and F. Göğüş. "Microwave-assisted extraction of non-polar compounds from pistachio hull and characterization of extracts." Grasas y Aceites 69, no. 3 (August 27, 2018): 260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.0217181.

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Soxhlet and microwave assisted extraction (MAE) methods were used to obtain non-polar compounds from pistachio hull. MAE parameters (liquid to solid ratio, microwave power, and extraction time) were studied to obtain maximum extraction yield. The optimal conditions were found to be liquid to solid ratio of 15:1 (v/w), microwave power of 250 W and extraction time of 12.5 min. The extraction yields were 9.81 and 9.50% for MAE and Soxhlet methods, respectively. The total phenolic content, antioxidant activity and tocopherol content of the extract obtained by MAE was found to be significantly higher than those of the Soxhlet extract (p < 0.05). The results showed that the extract contained α-tocopherols (567.65 mg/kg) and oleic acid (48.46%) as the major tocopherols and fatty acids. These findings propose that hull extracts can be considered as a good source of natural bioactive compounds and MAE can be a good alternative to the traditional Soxhlet method.

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Lopez-A Vila, Viorica, Richard Young, and Nataly Teplitsky. "Microwave-Assisted Extraction as an Alternative to Soxhlet, Sonication, and Supercritical Fluid Extraction." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 79, no. 1 (January 1, 1996): 142–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/79.1.142.

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Abstract Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), Soxhlet, soni cation, and supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) were compared in their ability to extract 95 compounds listed in U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Method 8250. Freshly spiked soil samples and 2 standard reference materials were extracted with hexane-acetone (1 + 1) by MAE and Soxhlet extraction, with methylene chloride-acetone (1 + 1) by sonication extraction, and with supercritical carbondioxide modified with 10% methanol by SFE. Results indicate that MAE is a promising extraction technique. Of 94 compounds for which we are reporting data, 51 compounds gave MAE recoveries of >80%; 33,50-79%; 8,20-49%; and 2, <19%. Soxhlet extraction gave very similar results: 50 recoveries were >80%; 32,50-79%; 8,20-49%; and 4, <19%. Sonica tion recoveries were slightly higher: 63 values were >80%; 25,50-79%; 4,20-49%; and 2, <19%. SFE recoveries were the lowest: 37 values were >80%; 37, 50-79%; 12,20-49%, and 8, <19%. MAE gave the best precision: relative standard deviations (RSDs) were <10% for 90 of 94 compounds. Soxhlet extraction gave the worst precision: only 52 of 94 samples gave RSDs ≤10%. Although MAE looks promising, 15 polar basic compounds extracted at 115°C with hexane acetone for 10 min (1000 W power) gave poor recoveries. Because no technique gave acceptable recoveries for these polar compounds, we investigated their extraction with MAE using acetonitrile at 50° and 115°C. Ten of the 15 compounds were quantitatively recovered (>70%) with acetonitrile at 115°C.

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Nintasari, Rinne, and Djoko Purwanto. "Ekstraksi Zat Warna dari Kulit Kayu Galam (Melaleuca leucadendron Linn) dan Evaluasi dalam Pewarnaan Kain Satin (The Extraction of Natural Dyes from Galam (Melaleuca leucadendron Linn) Bark and The Evaluation on Satin Dye Application)." Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan 8, no. 2 (December 31, 2016): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.24111/jrihh.v8i2.2197.

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Galam bark has not been widely used, it was only stacked and burned. Tree bark usually contains lignocellulose and natural dye. This study aimed to evaluate the application of galam bark for natural dyes on fabric. Galam bark was extracted using soxhlet and maceration methods, with time and solvent extraction variations. The obtained natural dye was used for dyeing using lime and alum for fixation. The results showed that the soxhlet extraction with water as the solvent for 5 hours produced dye with pH value 7 (neutral) and color sharpness 21 PtCo. The soxhlet extraction with water as the solvent for 7 hours produced dye with pH 5 (acid) and the highest color sharpness 68 PtCo. The most favorable color (value 3.3) was obtained from the soxhlet extraction technique with alum fixation. The highest color adsorption value (1.95%) was obtained from the lime fixation process. The natural dye extracted from Galam bark produced color sharpness, dyes and color absorption that had not met the expected result.Keywords: galam bark, extraction, dye, fabric dyeing

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Siddique, Tariq, P. Michael Rutherford, Joselito M. Arocena, and Ronald W. Thring. "A proposed method for rapid and economical extraction of petroleum hydrocarbons from contaminated soils." Canadian Journal of Soil Science 86, no. 4 (August 1, 2006): 725–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/s05-075.

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Petroleum hydrocarbons (PHC) are common soil contaminants. A number of methods have been used to extract PHCs from soil prior to quantification by gas chromatography (GC). These methods often require long extraction times and expensive, specialized equipment. A shaking method was assessed for simple, rapid removal of PHCs from contaminated soils. Shaking spiked and aged contaminated soils for 4 h with acetone:hexane (1:1) at a soil:solvent ratio of 1:30 (g:mL) recovered 74 to 108% of PHC, compared with a Soxhlet extraction, yielding a good correlation (4 h = −93.7 + 0.99 Soxhlet r = 0.99, P < 0.001). Preliminary results show that this 4-h procedure has potential for the quick, inexpensive extraction of PHCs from contaminated soils. Key words: Petroleum hydrocarbons, soil analysis, extraction method, gas chromatography, Soxhlet extraction

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Sutsuga, Hanna, and Tetty Kemala. "Study of different extraction methods on finger print and fatty acid of raw beef fat using fourier transform infrared and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry." Open Chemistry 16, no. 1 (October 25, 2018): 1099–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2018-0109.

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AbstractBeef fat was an extracted fat that a byproduct of beef processing industry. In this research, the objective was to study the effect of extraction methods on finger prints and fatty acid profiles of beef fat and to obtain the chosen extraction method. This study consisted of two steps namely extracting beef fat using Soxhlet, Folch, Bligh and Dyer, and Hara and Radin methods as well as characterizing the finger print using FTIR and fatty acid profiling using GCMS. The total lipid by Soxhlet, Folch, Bligh & Dyer, and Hara & Radin methods were 89.67%, 81.73%, 55.16%, and 84.40%, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that the saturated fatty acid in Folch was not significantly different with that in Soxhlet and Hara and Radin at a 5% level. Polyunsaturated fatty acids such as linoleic and linolenic acids are present in all methods, where linoleic acid was the highest in Folch and linolenic acid was the lowest in Bligh and Dyer. The PCA analysis showed that only Folch that can be differentiated and has minimal residual error values. The results of the finger print analysis showed the extraction methods which were used are not different. These data showed that Folch was the chosen method for extracting beef fat.

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Danyelle A. Mota, Anna Paula R. Silva, Jefferson Cleriston B. Santos, Milson S. Barbosa, Lays C. Almeida, Álvaro S. Lima, Matheus M. Pereira, Laiza C. Krause, and Cleide Mara F. Soares. "Extraction and Characterization of Coffee Silverskin Oil and Its Valorization by Enzymatic Hydrolysis." JOURNAL OF BIOENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY APPLIED TO HEALTH 4, no. 1 (March 14, 2021): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.34178/jbth.v4i1.149.

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This study investigated the coffee silverskin (CS) crude oil extraction process and characterization of physicochemical properties and enzymatic hydrolysis for fatty acids production. The soxhlet and ultrasonic extractions showed CS oil yield similar to 3.8% and 3.1%, respectively. CS oil extracted by soxhlet presented favorable physicochemical properties with the quality and was used as the feedstock for fatty acids production by enzymatic hydrolysis. The porcine pancreatic lipase showed hydrolytic activity of 1156 U.g-1 ± 13.4. Therefore, we verified the potential of application in biotransformation reactions of oils with biocatalyst with fatty acids production and valorization of coffee industry waste.

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Luque-Garcı́a, J. L., and M. D. Luque de Castro. "Focused microwave-assisted Soxhlet extraction: devices and applications." Talanta 64, no. 3 (October 2004): 571–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2004.03.054.

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Thomas, David A., Tommi Virtanen, and Marilyn G. Wiebe. "Soxhlet extraction of mucic acid from fungal biomass." Separation Science and Technology 53, no. 6 (November 27, 2017): 903–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01496395.2017.1407789.

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Scholsky, Kevin M., David A. Rittenhouse, and Stephen Woodward. "Cycle‐counting device for high‐pressure soxhlet extraction." Review of Scientific Instruments 64, no. 6 (June 1993): 1641–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1144040.

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Suits, L. D., T. C. Sheahan, Jean-Pierre Bardet, and Joseandres Sanchez. "Soxhlet Extraction Determination of Composition of Synthetic Soils." Geotechnical Testing Journal 34, no. 3 (2011): 102751. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/gtj102751.

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Surma-Zadora, M., K. Topolska, E. Cieślik, and K. Sieja. "The application of different methods for the determination of fat content in selected animal - origin products." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 27, no. 4 (2011): 1851–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1104851s.

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The aim of the study was to assess the fat content in selected animal-origin products (ie. black pudding, luncheon, wiener, bacon) as well as certified reference material (MUVA RM700 Boiled Sausage) using two analytical methods. One of them was the fat extraction using a Soxhlet technique, and the other one - the extraction using carbon dioxide in supercritical state. Methods based on Soxhlet extraction have been and are at present used as reference. This conventional method is cheap and accurate, and this is why it has been the most used extraction technique worldwide for a number of decades. On the other hand some modern methods of fat determination are needed. Supercritical Fluid Extraction is quick, safe, and it eliminates any hazardous chemicals or solvents used in traditional extraction methods. For this purpose we used TFE 2000 fat analyzer (LECO Corporation). For the methods used the following validation parameters were determined: accuracy, precision, intermediate precision, correctness. The fat content in black pudding and luncheon meat ranged from 11.5 ? 4.5 g/100g (TFE) to 12.1 ? 0.0 g/100g (Soxhlet) and from 13.2 ? 0.5 g/100g (Soxhlet) to 13.8 ? 0.7 g/100g (TFE), respectively. For wiener samples we received values between 15.7 ? 0.4 g/100g (TFE) to 17.8 ? 0.1 g/100g (Soxhlet). The fat content in bacon samples ranged from 48.2 ? 2.5 g/100g (TFE) to 48.7 ? 0.7 g/100g (Soxhlet). The results received remain consistent with the values given in the Polish ?Food Composition Tables?. The application of the methods described above for the determination of fat content in animal - derived products is dependent ie.: on the purpose of analysis, the amount of fat in food product sample and the time for receiving the results.

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Stanojevic, Ljiljana, Mihajlo Stankovic, Ljubisa Nikolic, and Vesna Nikolic. "The influence of the operation conditions and the extraction techniques on the yield, kinetics and the composition of ethanol extracts of Hieracium pilosella L." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly 13, no. 4 (2007): 199–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq0704199s.

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The optimal operational extraction conditions (50 % v/v ethanol, solvomodule l:15 m/v, temperature: the solvent boiling temperature) were determined by investigating the influence of the ethanol concentration (30 - 95 % v/v), solvomodule (1:10 - 1:25 m/v) and the temperature of the maceration extraction on the yield and kinetics of total extraction matter, chlorogenic acid, umbelliferone and apigenin-7-O-glucoside from Hieracium pilosella L. Based on the results of Soxhlet and Tillepape extraction kinetics, the investigations of the total extraction matter and the components under the optimal maceration operation conditions it was found that the highest yield of the extraction matter from the dry plant material (43.0 g/100 g of the dry plant material, i.e. 97.7% of the extractive matter content in the plant material), chlorogenic acid (20.30 g/100 g of dry plant material, i.e. 94 % of the chlorogenic acid content in the plant material), umbelliferone (0.30 g/100 g of the dry plant material, i.e. 96.7% of umbelliferone content in the plant material, and apigenin-7-O-glucoside (0.24 g/100 g of the dry plant material, i.e. 96 % of the apigenin-7-O-glucoside content in the plant material) was obtained by using a Soxhlet extraction method. The contents of chlorogenic acid, umbelliferone and apigenin-7-O-glucoside in the extracts were determined by HPLC method. Chlorogenic acid is the component with the highest share in all the extracts. (It was found) The high content of chlorogenic acid in the investigated plant material (21.60 %) and the high level of its extraction from the plant material (75-94**%) were found under the defined optimal maceration conditions, Soxhlet and Tillepape extraction.

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Wiyaratn, Wisitsree, and Anucha Watanapa. "The Study of Extraction Beta-Carotene from Crude Palm Oil for Analysis Economic." Advanced Materials Research 931-932 (May 2014): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.931-932.220.

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The purpose of this project was determined the study of extraction β-carotene from crude palm oil with soxhlet extraction to analysis economic value. Evaluation of β-carotene extraction process was absorbed on resin adsorbents of styene divinyl benzene copolymer, by an addition of isopropanal solvent and hexane in soxhlet extraction process. The result shows that optimum condition for β-carotene adsorption time was 2 hours, soxhlet extraction time was 3 hours for 1 g resin, at 85 °C could extract 21.911% β-carotene by weight of carotene in crude palm oil. The resin could be reused for β-carotene at least 3 times.The extraction could extract 80% β-carotene by weight of carotene in crude palm oil. The process required a total investment of first year 2,059,627 bath, Net Present Value was 334,935.67 bath, benefit per cost was 2.04, the internal rate of return was 35.1% and the pay back period was 4 years. The result that was quite attractive for the cooperatives to invest and a design planning of machine in extraction process was a product layout.

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Jayakumar, C., V. Mansa Devi, D. M. Reddy Prasad, and R. Sridar. "Oil Extraction from Trichosanthes tricuspidata Seed using Conventional Soxhlet Apparatus." Asian Journal of Chemistry 32, no. 1 (November 18, 2019): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2020.21959.

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Soxhlet set up is used for the extraction of bio-oil from the seeds of Trichosanthes tricuspidata using various solvents (methanol, hexane, isopropyl alcohol). In the present study, the oil from solvent extraction method is investigated for the presence of fatty acid groups and also tested for suitability of this oil being used as a cheap source for producing bio-oil. The bio-oil extraction is influenced by various factors like time of extraction, types of solvent used for extraction and the production rate is also predominately influenced by the particle size of the sample (seed) for extraction. The analysis of the constituents in bio-oil produced is done through a GC-MS and the functional group is determined by FT-IR. This work is carried out in a lab scale and hence the extraction process is initiated with the particle size ranging from 1 mm, 0.55 mm and 3 mm with a variable time period of extraction such as 1, 2, 3 and 7 h. Particle size of 3 mm was selected in order to study the effect of solvent type. The experimental results have indicated the optimal condition for the highest yield of oil extraction of 20 % (w/w). The optimum values of extraction time and particle size are 180 min and 0.55 mm, respectively and also the experimental results have revealed isopropyl alcohol as the suitable extraction solvent.

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Rohmah, Jamilatur, Ida Agustini Saidi, Luthfiyah Rofidah, Fia Novitasari, and Frida Amelia Margareta. "Phytochemical Screening of White Turi (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) Leaves Extract in Various Extraction Methods." Medicra (Journal of Medical Laboratory Science/Technology) 4, no. 1 (August 2, 2021): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/medicra.v4i1.1395.

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One of the Fabaceae family that has potential as medicinal plant is the white Turi plant (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.).The purpose of this study was to determine the content of secondary metabolites which can be extracted using a various extraction methods.The extraction method used are digestion, percolation, reflux, soxhlet, infusion, and decoction extraction. The Turi plants used come from Mojosari, Mojokerto.The results of the initial phytochemical screening of white Turi leaf extract (Sesbania grandiflora (L.) Pers.) Were extracts in six extraction methods containing alkaloids, saponins and tannins.In extracts using the digestion, soxhlet, and reflux method containing steroids.Meanwhile, the four extracts from the digestion, percolation, soxhlet, and reflux methods contain phenolic.And the infusion and decoction method extracts containing flavonoids and triterpenoids. The similarity of the phytochemical test results for each extract but with different intensity results.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Soxhlet extraction'

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