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Journal articles on the topic 'Spanish language in Puerto Rico. Spanish language'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 7 February 2022

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1

González-Rivera, Melvin. "Language Attitudes Towards Spanish and English in Puerto Rico." Revista de Filología y Lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica 47, no. 2 (2021): e47006. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rfl.v47i2.47006.

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This article analyzes language attitudes towards Spanish and English in Puerto Rico, a U.S. territory since 1898, and seek to answer the following three questions: are Spanish and English conflicting elements in the Puerto Rican society? Is Spanish a symbol of identity for Puerto Ricans? Does bilingualism represent a threat to the ethno-sociolinguistic existence of Puerto Ricans? By examining an online questionnaire on language attitudes completed by participants living in Puerto Rico, I argue that for Puerto Ricans bilingualism is becoming more prevalent and many of them are increasingly acce

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Holmquist, Jonathan. "Spanish/English contact in rural Puerto Rico." Spanish in Context 10, no. 3 (2013): 390–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.10.3.04hol.

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This article presents three perspectives in the study of Spanish/English contact in a community of rural Puerto Rico. First, it presents an analysis of variation based on the presence of English forms in recorded conversational Spanish. Second, it provides a view of the social context of Spanish/English contact by examining responses to a sociological questionnaire focusing on the use of “Spanish Only” versus Spanish and English in spheres of community life. Third, it highlights speaker commentary on social factors in relation to the use of Spanish and English. The study shows that the presenc

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Maldonado-Valentín, Mirta. "An exploration of the effects of language policy in education in a contemporary Puerto Rican society." education policy analysis archives 24 (August 1, 2016): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.14507/epaa.24.2453.

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During the Spanish regimen, Puerto Rican education was limited and restricted to Spanish language as the medium of instruction. It was not until the U.S. colonization of the island that public education was introduced. As a result, English replaced Spanish as medium of instruction in the new educational system. Immediately after, Puerto Rican elitists and politicians ignited a political movement against using English (Algren de Gutierrez, 1987), resulting in a language battle fought through a series of educational language policies. In the end, policymakers enacted a language policy that reins

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Mohamed, Sherez, Carolina González, and Antje Muntendam. "Arabic-Spanish Language Contact in Puerto Rico: A Case of Glottal Stop Epenthesis." Languages 4, no. 4 (2019): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/languages4040093.

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The current study examines the realization of adjacent vowels across word boundaries in Arabic-Spanish bilinguals and Spanish monolinguals in Puerto Rico, focusing specifically on the rate of glottal stop epenthesis in this context (e.g., hombre africano to [ˈom.bre.ʔa.fri.ˈka.no]). It was hypothesized that Arabic-Spanish bilinguals would show a higher rate of glottal stop epenthesis than Spanish monolinguals because of transfer from Arabic. In addition, we investigated the possible effects of stress, vowel height, language dominance and bilingual type on the rate of glottal stop epenthesis. R

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Cortés, Ileana, Jesús Ramírez, María Rivera, Marta Viada, and Joan Fayer. "Dame un hamburger plain con ketchup y papitas." English Today 21, no. 2 (2005): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078405002051.

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English/Spanish contact in Puerto Rico.ONE OUTCOME of language contact is lexical borrowing. Borrowing in Puerto Rico (for political, economic, and social reasons) is evident in the influence English has had on Spanish, especially in lexical terms. This paper explores the impact of American English on the lexicon of Puerto Rican Spanish, specifically on vocabulary relating to food. Data were collected through participant observation in selected fast food restaurants from different regions in P.R. An analysis of the corpus provides the basis for five categories useful in understanding the influ

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Carroll, Kevin S. "Language maintenance in the Caribbean." Language Problems and Language Planning 39, no. 2 (2015): 115–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/lplp.39.2.01car.

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This paper uses a case study approach to understand how perceptions of language threat have worked to maintain local language practices on the islands of Aruba and Puerto Rico. Through document analysis, interviews with key players in language policy and planning efforts as well as participant observation, this paper explains the historical build-up of the perception that Papiamento and Spanish, respectively, are in some way threatened. In addition to documenting the language maintenance efforts, the author argues that differing colonization practices impacted islanders’ orientation toward lan

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Mellinger, Christopher D. "Puerto Rico as colonial palimpsest." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 31, no. 2 (2019): 228–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.19021.mel.

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Abstract This article presents a microhistory of Puerto Rico that investigates the role of translation and language policy during the transition from Spanish to U.S. colonial rule. Two specific periods, namely the transitional military government from 1898 to 1900 and the first civilian government from 1900 to 1917, provide the framework within which the study is conducted. Analyses of official language and translation policies, as well as historical documents from governmental and educational contexts, illustrate the multiple, conflicting agendas employed by the new colonial power to American

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Archibald, James. "The Pragmatics of Professionalism: Translation and Interpretation in Puerto Rico and Quebec." Meta 42, no. 4 (2002): 649–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/001900ar.

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Abstract This article discusses the impact of official language policy on translation following the adoption of a 1993 law establishing Spanish/English bilingualism in Porto Rico. Using Quebec's official language legislation as an example, the author studies the possible long-lasting effects of language policy on the national and economic developemnt of Puerto Rico.

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Balam, Osmer, María del Carmen Parafita Couto, and Hans Stadthagen-González. "Bilingual verbs in three Spanish/English code-switching communities." International Journal of Bilingualism 24, no. 5-6 (2020): 952–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006920911449.

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Objectives/research questions: We investigate two understudied bilingual compound verbs that have been attested in Spanish/English code-switching; namely, ‘ hacer + VInf’ and ‘ estar + VProg’. Specifically, we examined speakers’ intuitions vis-à-vis the acceptability and preferential use of non-canonical and canonical hacer ‘to do’ or estar ‘to be’ bilingual constructions among bilinguals from Northern Belize, New Mexico and Puerto Rico. Methodology: Speakers from Northern Belize ( n = 44), New Mexico ( n = 32) and Puerto Rico ( n = 30) completed a two-alternative forced-choice acceptability t

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Lipski, John M. "Trinidad Spanish: implications for Afro-Hispanic language." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 64, no. 1-2 (1990): 7–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002023.

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[First paragraph]The question of Spanish language usage among African-born slaves (known as bozales) and their descendents in Spanish America is the subject of much controversy, and has had a major impact on theories of Creole formation and the evolution of Latin American dialects of Spanish, Portuguese and French. Briefly, one school of thought maintains that, at least during the last 150-200 years of African slave trade to Spanish America, bozales and their immediate descendants spoke a relatively uniform Spanish pidgin or creole, concentrated in the Caribbean region but ostensibly extending

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Kerkhof, Erna. "The myth of the dumb Puerto Rican : circular migration and language struggle in Puerto Rico." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 75, no. 3-4 (2001): 257–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002553.

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Focuses on the character with which the link between language and identity has become invested in Puerto Rico, against the backdrop of migration and education. Author describes the efforts on the part of some of today's politicians and cultural elites to inculcate a 'historical myth' that revolves around the detrimental effect that contact with the English language is assumed to have on the mastery of Spanish, and on 'Puerto Rican identity'. She concludes with an estimate of the general effect of the language struggle on Puerto Rican identity.

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Ring, Lauren, Allen Glicksman, Michael Liebman, and Misha Rodriguez. "Trust and Language as Predictors of Service Use." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (2020): 561. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1848.

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Abstract Research on older migrants often starts with a set of assumptions- including the importance of language as a barrier to care. A comparative approach allows us to examine these assumptions as they impact access to services for older migrants. Our study compared two groups of older migrants – Mandarin speaking Chinese and Spanish speakers from Puerto Rico. Through a series of focus groups we learned that although language can be a barrier to service access, the more important element in reducing disparities for older migrants is the level of trust between older adult and provider. For t

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Valdez, Juan R. "The battleground of metaphors: language debates and symbolic violence in Puerto Rico (1930–1960)." Journal of Historical Sociolinguistics 2, no. 1 (2016): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jhsl-2016-0001.

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AbstractIn Puerto Rico, the defense of Spanish and discussions of bilingualism have been conditioned by the island’s local politics and its relationships with the United States. Previous research has looked at how identity politics and specific political players produced arguments in favor or against various language proposals. Yet, questions regarding the complex ideological nature of the language debate in Puerto Rico remain to be examined with greater focalization and critical scrutiny. To this end and employing an interdisciplinary approach to issues of language and linguistic representati

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Lipski, John M. "Spontaneous Nasalization in the Development of Afro-Hispanic Language." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 7, no. 2 (1992): 261–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.7.2.04lip.

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Afro-Hispanic or bozal Spanish, from the sixteenth century to the early twentieth century, exhibited numerous cases of "epenthetic" nasal consonants, exemplified by Punto Rico < Puerto Rico; limbre < libre 'free'; pincueso < pescuezo 'neck'; and monosyllabic clitics such as lon < lo(s), lan < la(s), and so on. The present study, based on a comparison of Afro-Hispanic (AH) language data from a wide range of regions and time periods, provides alternative models for spontaneous nasalization. The first involves vowel nasalization, analyzed as the linking of a free (nasal) autosegmen

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DuBord, Elise. "La mancha del plátano." Spanish in Context 4, no. 2 (2007): 241–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.4.2.06dub.

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The present work seeks to identify sources of the persistent link between the Spanish language and national identity in Puerto Rico. By examining mass media discourse in the 1940s as a turbulent period of language policy conflict between Puerto Rico and the U.S. federal government, I suggest that the federal imposition of language policy without the consent or approval of local politicians or educators was influential in the construction of national identity that included language as a major defining factor. Local elites reacted to the colonial hegemony by defining Puerto Rican identity in opp

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Gutiérrez Wang, Lisa, Merith Cosden, and Guillermo Bernal. "Adaptation and validation of the Spanish-language Trauma Symptom Inventory in Puerto Rico." Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 79, no. 1 (2011): 118–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0021327.

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Bodner, George M., and Provi M. Mayo. "The bilingual learner. What happens when the language of instruction is not the language of discourse." Educación Química 18, no. 3 (2018): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.22201/fq.18708404e.2007.3.65953.

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<span>Those of us who teach chemistry at the college or university level in the United States are faced with the problem of conveying our course content to an increasingly number of students for whom English is a second language; a problem that has been faced by our colleagues in Latin America for generations. We therefore conducted a study designed to probe the conceptual knowledge of bilingual students who studied chemistry from English language textbooks in a classroom environment in which the language of discourse was Spanish. Interviews were done with undergraduate science majors en

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Carl, Yonatan, Rosa L. Frias, Sara Kurtevski, et al. "The Correlation of English Language Proficiency and Indices of Stress and Anxiety in Migrants from Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria: A Preliminary Study." Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness 14, no. 1 (2019): 23–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/dmp.2019.22.

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ABSTRACTObjective:Using validated psychological assessment instruments, this study examined the psychological distress associated with potential language barriers experienced by over 135 000 Puerto Rican residents who either temporarily or permanently migrated to the continental United States with the landfall of Hurricane Maria in 2017.Methods:Participants were Puerto Rican residents (n = 107) who remained in Puerto Rico (control) or left the island for at least 3 months because of Hurricane Maria (migrants). Participants completed an online survey in their preferred language (Spanish or Engl

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DeMello, George. "Le for Les in the Spoken Educated Spanish of Eleven Cities." Canadian Journal of Linguistics/Revue canadienne de linguistique 37, no. 4 (1992): 407–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008413100022027.

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A phenomenon that is encountered fairly frequently in Spanish but has received relatively little attention on the part of linguists is the use of the singular indirect object pronoun le when the plural les would be expected, as illustrated in the following examples:Hay que darle un justo precio a las personas. (BOG-8:107)Mi papá le tenía terror a las balas perdidas. (CAR-34:615)Nosotros le calentamos a los niños la comida. (HAV-2:30)Se le ponía bola negra a las que se lo merecían. (MAD-16:266)Es poco el tiempo que puedo dedicarle a mis hijos. (MEX-13:168)To my knowledge, only Kany (1951:107–10

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Hill-Kayser, Christine, Carolyn Vachani, Margaret K. Hampshire, Gloria A. Di Lullo, and James M. Metz. "Providing cancer survivorship care plans for Spanish language speakers: Overall use and satisfaction patterns." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (2013): e20671-e20671. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e20671.

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e20671 Background: Cancer survivorship care plans may be communication aides to assist healthcare providers and empower survivors. A paucity of information exists regarding the provision of survivorship care plans to the Spanish speaking population. Methods: The LIVESTRONG Care Plan is an Internet-based tool for creation of survivorship care plans, originally launched in 5/07. It is available at www.livestrongcareplan.org, and via OncoLink, a cancer information website based at the University of Pennsylvania, serving over 3.9 million pages/ month to 185,000 unique IP addresses. A direct link o

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Nelson, William Javier. "The Haitian Political Situation and its Effect on the Dominican Republic: 1849-1877." Americas 45, no. 2 (1988): 227–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1006786.

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The Dominican Republic, which has once again exhibited the fragility of its political institutions by taking over two weeks to ascertain a winner in its last presidential election, is, in many ways, a land of shared commonalities with other peoples. Its merengue rhythms point to a common musical bond with West Africa; its language and cultural institutions suggest a heavy Spanish stamp and its affiliations with other regional entities such as Puerto Rico and Venezuela are well known. Unfortunately for the Dominicans, however, they share their own island with another society — a decidely unique

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Cameron, Richard. "A community-based test of a linguistic hypothesis." Language in Society 25, no. 1 (1996): 61–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404500020431.

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ABSTRACTThe Functional Compensation Hypothesis (Hochberg 1986a, b) interprets frequent expression of pronominal subjects as compensation for frequent deletion of agreement marking on finite verbs in Puerto Rican Spanish (PRS). Specifically, this applies to 2sg.túwhere variably deleted word-final -smarks agreement. If the hypothesis is correct, finite verbs with agreement deleted in speech should co-occur more frequently with pronominal subjects than finite verbs with agreement intact. Likewise, social dialects which frequently delete agreement should show higher rates of pronominal expression

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Mari, Vanessa, and Kevin S. Carroll. "Puerto Rican Teachers’ and Students’ Beliefs toward Spanish Use in the English Classroom as a Way to Motivate Students." Latin American Journal of Content & Language Integrated Learning 13, no. 2 (2021): 241–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5294/laclil.2020.13.2.6.

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This paper documents English teachers’ and advanced English students’ perspectives on the use of Spanish in the English classroom in Puerto Rico. Using qualitative data collection methods such as interviews and focus group data, the researchers document the ways that many English teachers on the island justify their use of Spanish in the English classroom as they work to make their teaching more comprehensible. Nevertheless, the advanced students from both public and private schools who participated in this study offer a note of caution regarding the use of too much Spanish in the English clas

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Morales, Katherine. ""I ALWAYS KNEW IT... DIGO, QUIZÁS NO ERA PERFECT": TRANSNATIONAL ACTS OF IDENTITY IN THE SPEECH OF A RETURNEE MIGRANT." Trabalhos em Linguística Aplicada 58, no. 1 (2019): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/010318138654296464981.

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ABSTRACT The following paper addresses the topic of transnationalism in U.S. territory Puerto Rico. As a previous Spanish colony and current U.S. territory, Puerto Rico provides rich ground for the study of fluid identities. While transnationalist literature has typically focused on describing contexts of crossed "borders" or cultures in a geo-political sense (cf. KRAMSCH and WHITESIDE, 2008; LI AND ZHU, 2013), Puerto Ricans have often been excluded from transnationalist discourses of Latin American communities due to their unique status as U.S. citizens. Through this article I aim to provide

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Miller, Karen. "Assessing Plural Morphology in Children Acquiring /S/-Leniting Dialects of Spanish." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 45, no. 3 (2014): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2014_lshss-13-0032.

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Purpose To examine the production of plural morphology in children acquiring a dialect of Spanish with syllable-final /s/ lenition with the goal of comparing how plural marker omissions in the speech of these children compare with plural marker omissions in children with language impairment acquiring other varieties of Spanish. Method Three production tasks were administered to children. A repetition task was used to examine children's production of the plural marker in plural noun phrases, and 2 Berko-style tasks evaluated children's production of the plural marker in bare nouns. Behavior on

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England, Nora C. "Joshua A. Fishman (ed.), Can threatened languages be saved? Reversing language shift, revisited: A 21st century perspective. Clevedon: Multilingual Matters, 2001. Pp. xvi, 503. Pb $24.95." Language in Society 32, no. 1 (2002): 109–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404503221059.

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This volume revisits, as its title states, the theory and practice of reversing language shift (RLS) first proposed by Fishman in 1991. A dozen of the original case studies are reanalyzed and several more are added, producing a rich source of detail on some of the specific situations of language shift and efforts to reverse it. Fishman contributes introductory and concluding chapters as well as one of the case studies (Yiddish); other authors cover Navajo, New York Puerto Rican Spanish, Québec French, Otomí, Quechua, Irish, Frisian, Basque, Catalán, Oko, Andamanese, Ainu, Hebrew, immigrant lan

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Santiago-Vendrell, Angel. "Give Them Christ: Native Agency in the Evangelization of Puerto Rico, 1900 to 1917." Religions 12, no. 3 (2021): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12030196.

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The scholarship on the history of Protestant missions to Puerto Rico after the Spanish American War of 1898 emphasizes the Americanizing tendencies of the missionaries in the construction of the new Puerto Rican. There is no doubt that the main missionary motif during the 1890s was indeed civilization. Even though the Americanizing motif was part of the evangelistic efforts of some missionaries, new evidence shows that a minority of missionaries, among them Presbyterians James A. McAllister and Judson Underwood, had a clear vision of indigenization/contextualization for the emerging church bas

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Lozano, Rosina. "New Directions in Latino/a/x Histories of Education: Comparative Studies in Race, Language, Law, and Higher Education." History of Education Quarterly 60, no. 4 (2020): 612–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/heq.2020.43.

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The twenty-first century has seen a surge in scholarship on Latino educational history and a new nonbinary umbrella term, Latinx, that a younger generation prefers. Many of historian Victoria-María MacDonald's astute observations in 2001 presaged the growth of the field. Focus has increased on Spanish-surnamed teachers and discussions have grown about the Latino experience in higher education, especially around student activism on campus. Great strides are being made in studying the history of Spanish-speaking regions with long ties to the United States, either as colonies or as sites of large

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Ramos-Rincón, José M., Isabel Belinchón-Romero, Francisco Sánchez-Ferrer, Guillermo Martínez-de la Torre, Meggan Harris, and Javier Sánchez-Fernández. "The reach of Spanish-language YouTube videos on physical examinations made by undergraduate medical students." Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions 14 (December 19, 2017): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2017.14.31.

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This study was conducted to evaluate the performance and reach of YouTube videos on physical examinations made by Spanish university students. We analyzed performance metrics for 4 videos on physical examinations in Spanish that were created by medical students at Miguel Hernández University (Elche, Spain) and are available on YouTube, on the following topics: the head and neck (7:30), the cardiovascular system (7:38), the respiratory system (13:54), and the abdomen (11:10). We used the Analytics application offered by the YouTube platform to analyze the reach of the videos from the upload dat

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Rivera-Rideau, Petra, and Jericko Torres-Leschnik. "The Colors and Flavors of My Puerto Rico." Journal of Popular Music Studies 31, no. 1 (2019): 87–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jpms.2019.311009.

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Luis Fonsi and Daddy Yankee’s song “Despacito” shattered numerous records to become one of the most successful Spanish-language songs in U.S. pop music history. Declared 2017’s “Song of the Summer,” the “Despacito” remix featuring Justin Bieber prompted discussions about the racial dynamics of crossover for Latin music and Latina/o artists. However, little attention was paid to the ways that “Despacito”’s success in the Latin music market demonstrated similar racial dynamics within Latin music, especially in the song’s engagement with reggaeton, a genre originally associated with Black and wor

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Govindasamy, Ramu, Venkata S. Puduri, and James E. Simon. "Willingness to Buy New Ethnic Produce Items: A Study of Latino Consumers from Mexico and Puerto Rico in the Eastern United States." HortTechnology 21, no. 2 (2011): 202–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.21.2.202.

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The purpose of this study was to predict Latinos', consumers from Mexico and Puerto Rico, willingness to buy ethnic produce recently introduced or new to market. Specifically, we analyzed and compared socioeconomic characteristics of 542 Mexican and Puerto Rican consumers and expressed value judgments on their willingness to buy ethnic produce that has been recently introduced or new to market. This study was based on a primary data set collected from interviewing 542 Latino consumers (Mexico and Puerto Rico origin). A bilingual questionnaire was prepared in Spanish and English for Mexicans an

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Stone, Erin. "Slave Raiders vs. Friars: Tierra Firme, 1513–1522." Americas 74, no. 2 (2017): 139–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/tam.2017.10.

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In early 1515, a small Spanish expedition set sail for the province of Cumaná, located along the coast of what was then called Tierra Firme (an area spanning much of present-day Central and South America). Nominally, the squadron, led by Spanish scribe Gomez de Ribera, was sent to punish a group of “Carib” Indians who had recently attacked and killed two Spaniards on the small island of San Vicente. Once caught, these “Caribs” would be enslaved and sold in the markets of Española, Puerto Rico, or Cuba. Caribs, though speakers of the Arawakan language, were inhabitants of the Lesser Antilles an

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Arbino, Daniel. "“The Gifts of the Hurricane:” Reimagining Post-María Puerto Rico through Comics." eTropic: electronic journal of studies in the Tropics 20, no. 2 (2021): 156–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25120/etropic.20.2.2021.3815.

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Although the media framed Hurricanes Irma and María and their aftermath as a tragedy, and indeed it was, a small literary canon has emerged that explores the storms as an opportunity to rethink Puerto Rico’s future. The aftermath of the hurricanes impacted cultural production two-fold; by forcing writers to engage with climate change, while also rethinking the colonial relationship that Puerto Rico has with the United States. Looking specifically at selections from English- and Spanish-language comic anthologies Ricanstruction (2018), Puerto Rico Strong (2018) and Nublado: Escombros de María (

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Spence Sharpe, Marva. "A case study of language shift in progress in Port Limon, Costa Rica." Revista de Filología y Lingüística de la Universidad de Costa Rica 23, no. 1 (2015): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/rfl.v23i1.20398.

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Este trabajo presenta los resultados de la investigación llevada a cabo entre la población hablante de inglés criollo de Puerto Limón, Costa Rica. La comunidad criolla de Limón está en el proceso de cambiar su criollo de base inglesa por el español, lengua nacional y oficial. This paper presents the findings of research carried out among the creole-speaking population in Port Limon, Costa Rica. The Limon Creole community is in the process of shifting from speaking an English-based creole to speaking the national and official language, Spanish.

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Martín-Butragueño, Pedro. "An approach to subject pronoun expression patterns in data from the “Project for the Sociolinguistic Study of Spanish in Spain and America”." Sociolinguistic patterns and processes of convergence and divergence in Spanish 17, no. 2 (2020): 294–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sic.00060.mar.

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Abstract The objective of this article is to extract certain general consequences about social and linguistic-pragmatic conditions in the expression of subject personal pronouns (SPPs) in contemporary urban Spanish. The study examines some of the results obtained in Valencia and Granada, Spain; Mexico City, Mexico; San Juan, Puerto Rico; Caracas, Venezuela; Bogotá and Medellín, Colombia; and Montevideo, Uruguay. These works have all analyzed data from the “Project for the Sociolinguistic Study of Spanish in Spain and America” (PRESEEA), thus they all share data collected under very similar cir

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Gipson, Terry A., Roger C. Merkel, Abner Rodriguez, and John Fernandez. "Knowledge Transfer in Online Meat and Dairy Goat Certification Programs in English and Spanish." Journal of Animal Science 99, Supplement_2 (2021): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jas/skab096.013.

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Abstract In 2020, on-line courses in Spanish (SP) for dairy (D) and meat (M) goat producers were unveiled (http://certification.goats.langston.edu). These courses complemented the existing courses in English (EN) for D and M. Thirty-one undergraduate and one graduate animal science students at the University of Puerto Rico (UPR), Mayagüez enrolled in the SP courses for beta-testing. Nineteen students completed D-SP, 9 completed M-SP, and 4 completed both. Participants take a pre-test (PRE) and if the PRE score &lt; 85%, a post-test (POST) is required. To complete D, passing scores are requ

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Alvarez Ayure, Claudia Patricia. "Expanding the value of CLIL: Perspectives from primary to higher education." Latin American Journal of Content & Language Integrated Learning 13, no. 2 (2021): 155–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5294/laclil.2020.13.2.1.

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The world continues to evolve, where globalization has been the driving factor behind changes in society, thereby creating challenges that could be seen as opportunities in education. Areas such as collaboration, teamwork along with intercultural awareness and communication are just a few of the areas that are being addressed in the educational arena amongst practitioners. Approaches such as Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL), Content Based Instruction (CBI) and English as a Medium of Instruction (EMI) have proven to be viable options for bi/multilingual educational environments a

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Callister, Adam Henry, Quinn Galbraith, and Spencer Galbraith. "Immigration, Deportation, and Discrimination: Hispanic Political Opinion Since the Election of Donald Trump." Hispanic Journal of Behavioral Sciences 41, no. 2 (2019): 166–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0739986319840717.

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Both the campaign and subsequent election of Donald Trump have brought about marked changes in the overall tone of American political discourse. It is thought that these changes have been particularly disruptive to the public’s view of Hispanic immigration. To evaluate the current state of Hispanic political opinion regarding immigration, this study draws upon data from a survey conducted in January 2018 of 1,080 people of Hispanic descent currently living in the United States or Puerto Rico. Researchers looked at the impact of age, gender, language preference, time lived in the United States,

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Cameron, Richard. "Language change or changing selves?" Diachronica 17, no. 2 (2000): 249–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.17.2.02cam.

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SUMMARY Social and stylistic patterns which indicate language change in progress may also indicate changes of social identity across time and place. Research into three strategies for framing direct quotations in Puerto Rican Spanish finds a potential case of change from below. Yet, social and stylistic patterning of the variable may also be a function of the evolving identities of individuals within the community as they age, enter the job market, and find new places to live and people to speak with. The case for change in progress becomes apparent through a close comparison of the direct quo

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Goldman, Lorraine. "TEX-MEX where Texas, Mexico, English & Spanish meet." English Today 2, no. 1 (1986): 23–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400001668.

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Together, English and Spanish head the list of multinational languages. Inevitably they meet – in Puerto Rico, California, Florida and elsewhere – and the results are kinds of ‘Spanglish’ and englañol. Here we take a look at what has happened in South Texas.

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KITLV, Redactie. "Book Reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 75, no. 1-2 (2001): 123–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002561.

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-Virginia R. Dominguez, Louis A. Pérez, Jr., On becoming Cuban: Identity, nationality, and culture. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1999. xiv + 579 pp.-Solimar Otero, Kali Argyriadis, La religión à la Havane: Actualités des représentations et des pratiques culturelles havanaises. Paris: Éditions des Archives Contemporaines,1999. 373 pp.-Jane Desmond, Jane Blocker, Where is Ana Mendieta?: Identity, performativity, and exile. Durham NC: Duke University Press, 1999. xvi + 166 pp.-Richard Handler, Amílcar A. Barreto, Language, elites, and the state: Nationalism in Puerto Rico and

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KITLV, Redactie. "Book reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 86, no. 1-2 (2012): 109–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002427.

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The African Diaspora: A History Through Culture, by Patrick Manning (reviewed by Joseph C. Miller) Atlas of the Transatlantic Slave Trade, by David Eltis & David Richardson (reviewed by Ted Maris-Wolf) Abolition: A History of Slavery and Antislavery, by Seymour Drescher (reviewed by Gregory E. O’Malley) Paths to Freedom: Manumission in the Atlantic World, edited by Rosemary Brana-Shute & Randy J. Sparks (reviewed by Matthew Mason) You Are All Free: The Haitian Revolution and the Abolition of Slavery, by Jeremy D. Popkin (reviewed by Philippe R. Girard) Fighting for Honor: The History o

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Douglass, R. Thomas. "Notes on Puerto Rican Spanish." Hispania 71, no. 1 (1988): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/343244.

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TORRES, LOURDES. "Bilingual discourse markers in Puerto Rican Spanish." Language in Society 31, no. 1 (2002): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0047404502001033.

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This study examines bilingual discourse markers in a language contact situation. The focus is on how English-dominant, bilingual, and Spanish-dominant New York Puerto Ricans integrate English-language discourse markers into their Spanish-language oral narratives. The corpus comprises 60 Spanish-language oral narratives of personal experience extracted from transcripts of conversations with New York Puerto Ricans. After a review of the study of discourse markers in language contact situations, the use of English-language discourse markers is compared to the use of Spanish-language markers in th

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KITLV, Redactie. "Book reviews." New West Indian Guide / Nieuwe West-Indische Gids 66, no. 3-4 (1992): 249–318. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/13822373-90002001.

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-Jay B. Haviser, Jerald T. Milanich ,First encounters: Spanish explorations in the Caribbean and the United States, 1492-1570. Gainesville FL: Florida Museum of Natural History & University Presses of Florida, 1989. 221 pp., Susan Milbrath (eds)-Marvin Lunenfeld, The Libro de las profecías of Christopher Columbus: an en face edition. Delano C. West & August Kling, translation and commentary. Gainesville FL: University of Florida Press, 1991. x + 274 pp.-Suzannah England, Charles R. Ewen, From Spaniard to Creole: the archaeology of cultural formation at Puerto Real, Haiti. Tuscaloosa AL

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Delgado-Díaz, Gibran. "Dialectal variation of the preterit and imperfect." Revista Española de Lingüística Aplicada/Spanish Journal of Applied Linguistics 31, no. 1 (2018): 64–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/resla.15048.del.

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Abstract This investigation examines the use of the pretérito and imperfecto forms in Puerto Rican and Buenos Aires Spanish. These dialects were chosen because the pretérito can express a perfect event in Buenos Aires Spanish while this use has not been documented in Puerto Rican Spanish. This may cause differences in the use of these forms. The main goal of this investigation was to contrast the linguistic predictors in both dialects in order to determine if there are dialectal differences and if they are due to different grammaticalization pathways. The results indicate that there are some d

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Hochberg, Judith G. "Functional Compensation for /s/ Deletion in Puerto Rican Spanish." Language 62, no. 3 (1986): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/415480.

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Goldstein, Brian A., and Aquiles Iglesias. "Phonological Patterns in Normally Developing Spanish-Speaking 3- and 4-Year-Olds of Puerto Rican Descent." Language, Speech, and Hearing Services in Schools 27, no. 1 (1996): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/0161-1461.2701.82.

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This study presents a quantitative and qualitative description of the phonological patterns in Spanish-speaking preschoolers of Puerto Rican descent. Phonological processes and nontargeted process errors were analyzed for 24 3-year-old and 30 4-year-old Spanish speakers. Analyses were made in reference to the Puerto Rican dialects of Spanish, yielding a number of patterns that characterize the phonological patterns in these children.

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Kelly, Kara M., Elena J. Ladas, Peter Cole, Lewis B. Silverman, Kristen E. Stevenson, and Manuela Orjuela. "Dietary Intake of Zinc and Severity of Infection during Prophase/Induction in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia." Blood 124, no. 21 (2014): 3659. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v124.21.3659.3659.

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Abstract Dietary Intake of Zinc and Severity of Infection During Prophase/Induction in Children with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia Kara M. Kelly, MD1*, Elena J. Ladas, PhD, RD1*, Peter Cole, MD2, Lewis B. Silverman, MD3, Kristen Stevenson, MS3 and Manuela Orjuela, MD, ScM1,4* Introduction: Infections are a major contributor to morbidity and mortality during induction treatment in childhood ALL. Zinc status has been associated with infections and diarrhea in children with malnutrition, HIV, and cancer, likely due to the effects of zinc on the immune system. The objective of this analysis was to

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Lipski, John M. "Convergence and Divergence in Bozal Spanish." Journal of Pidgin and Creole Languages 1, no. 2 (1986): 171–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/jpcl.1.2.02lip.

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Afro-Hispanic language is attested from the 15th century to the early 20th century in Spain, Africa, and Latin America. The speech of bozales (slaves born in Africa and speaking Spanish only imperfectly) has frequently been used as evidence for monogenetic theories of Hispanic Creole formation, based on structural parallels and possibly Afro-Portuguese roots. The present study reviews the principal Afro-Hispanic manifestations over a period of more than 300 years, and traces those structures most frequently cited in monogenetic Afro-Iberian theories. The overall conclusion is that, while such

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