Academic literature on the topic 'Splash zone'

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Journal articles on the topic "Splash zone"

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Titlyanov, Eduard A., Tamara V. Titlyanova, Xiubao Li, Gayle I. Hansen, and Hui Huang. "Seasonal changes in the intertidal algal communities of Sanya Bay (Hainan Island, China)." Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 94, no. 5 (2014): 879–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315414000460.

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A floristic study of marine macrophytic algae and Cyanobacteria in the splash and intertidal zones at Luhuitou reef, Sanya Bay, Hainan Island, China, was conducted during the rainy and dry seasons of 2008−2012 utilizing 148 of the most common species. Macrophytic algal diversity increased from the splash zone to the low intertidal zone, while cyanobacterial diversity decreased. In the upper and middle intertidal zones, the dominant species (primarily highly productive ephemerals) changed frequently throughout each year. In the low intertidal zone, the dominant species (mainly annual fleshy, fo
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Chang, Hong, Zhicheng Zhang, Zhanguo Ma, Yongsheng Ji, and Xinshuo Huang. "Permeation Characteristics and Surface Accumulation of Chloride in Different Zones of Concrete along Altitude in Marine Environments." Crystals 11, no. 7 (2021): 722. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cryst11070722.

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The accumulation characteristics of surface chloride in concrete in different zones are different in the marine environment. A series of laboratory experiments were conducted to investigate the surface chloride and permeation characteristics of concrete in a simulated marine environment. The experimental results indicated that the surface chloride and chloride profiles of concrete in different zones of marine environment decreased in the following order: tidal zone > splash zone > submerged zone > atmospheric zone. The width of the ascent zone of Cl− concentration at tidal and splash
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Liu, JianGuo, Zili Li, Yantao Li, and BaoRong Hou. "Corrosion process of D32 steel used for offshore oil platform in splash zone." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 63, no. 1 (2015): 56–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-06-2014-1396.

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Purpose – This paper aims to study the corrosion behavior of D32 steel suffered to marine splash zone. Type D32 structural steel has good mechanical properties and is commonly used for offshore oil platform construction in China. To ensure the safety of marine steel structure, it is important to study the corrosion process of D32 steel in the splash zone. Design/methodology/approach – The corrosion behavior of D32 steel in splash zone environments was studied using polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical results were obtained from the corroded steel
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Wei, Shi Cheng, Bin Shi Xu, Xiu Bing Liang, Yu Jiang Wang, and Yi Liu. "Research on Corrosion-Resistance of High Velocity Arc Spray Coatings on Surface of Steel Structure in Splash Zone Environment." Materials Science Forum 675-677 (February 2011): 1291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.675-677.1291.

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The most severe corrosion of offshore steel structure occurs in splash zone. There are many factors affecting the steel structure corrosion in the splash zone, such as corrosion problems caused by seawater and effect of impacted brought by the ocean wave. Considering the corrosion characteristics in splash zone and the corrosion invalidity behaviors of offshore steel structure, the Zn-15Al, Al-RE, Zn-Al-Mg-RE and FeBSiNb uncrystal coatings were prepared by automatic high velocity arc spraying. The different anti-corrosion behaviors of the four coatings were studied through the corrosion compar
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Li, Xiang, and Stuart I. Bailey. "A Laboratory Technique for Evaluating Marine Splash Zone Corrosion." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 3345–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.3345.

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An electrochemical cell and environmental chamber were developed to study corrosion in a simulated splash zone. The designs of the dual chambers and the mounting of the three electrodes in the cell resulted in an excellent simulation of the major parameters and conditions in the marine splash zone. Excellent data acquisition and corrosion observations were possible, thereby, leading to a successful laboratory technique for research on corrosion in the marine splash zone. Electrochemical corrosion measurements correlated with the progression of changes during the wet – dry cycles, and the corro
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Yakush, S. E., N. S. Sivakov, V. I. Melikhov, and O. I. Melikhov. "Modelling of water jet impact on molten metal." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2119, no. 1 (2021): 012073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2119/1/012073.

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Abstract Splashes of high-temperature melt spreading over a water pool bottom can be a reason for the formation of a zone where melt, water and steam are mixed, providing conditions for powerful steam explosions. The paper considers the formation of melt splashes arising from the impact of a water jet on the surface of the melt. Numerical simulations are performed in 3D formulation, using the VOF method and an improved phase change model. The evolution of melt surface following the water jet impact is demonstrated, including the formation of a cavern, a primary melt splash known as the crown,
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Nage, Deepashri D. "Thermal Spray Aluminum Coatings for Splash Zone Structures, Part I." AM&P Technical Articles 173, no. 10 (2015): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.amp.2015-10.p048.

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Abstract Recent advances in thermal spray techniques enable thermal spray aluminum coatings to reliably protect offshore oil and gas platform structures. This article presents a case study of preparing thermal spray aluminum coatings to protect steel structures in the splash zone. Testing and industry experience in marine environments indicate that aluminum coatings are a long-term solution for protection of hot risers in submerged, splash zone, and atmospheric service environments.
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Putra, Reza, Muhammad Muhammad, Abdul Rahman, and M. Rifai Adithia. "Analisa Laju Korosi Pada Plat Baja ASME SA-283 Pada Daerah Splash Zone." Jurnal Mekanova: Mekanikal, Inovasi dan Teknologi 6, no. 2 (2020): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.35308/jmkn.v6i2.2960.

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Research on the corrosion rate of ASME SA-283 alloy steel has been carried out in the coastal environment. Corrosion is a decrease in the quality of the material that occurs due to the environment, where the coast is a splash zone area which is rich in salt content as a trigger for corrosion. Alloy steel is a material that is used widely as part of the construction of dock buildings on the coast The study was carried out by giving coating defects to ASME SA-283 material and varying the salinity in the splash zone area, where the coating thickness ranged from 350 μm - 410 μm and salt splash tes
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Kilian, R., and J. Wehner. "Leistungssteigerung technischerWirbelschichtreaktoren durch Nutzung der Splash-Zone." Chemie Ingenieur Technik 72, no. 7 (2000): 703–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1522-2640(200007)72:7<703::aid-cite703>3.0.co;2-f.

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Xu, Xinwei, Yingjian Huang, Qiuqing Zhu, Anran Zuo, Hui Cang, and Yongming Tang. "Effect of splash amount on corrosion of low-alloy steel in marine splash zone." Materials Today Communications 36 (August 2023): 106804. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mtcomm.2023.106804.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Splash zone"

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Hussain, Iqbal. "The Performance of Thermally Sprayed Aluminium Coatings in Marine Splash Zone Service Conditions." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.501977.

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Bertelsen, Torleif Olund. "Installation of large subsea structures : Lowering of suction anchors through the splash zone." Thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Institutt for marin teknikk, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-25930.

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In this thesis the dynamic air cushion pressure inside suction anchors during low-ering through the splash zone has been studied. A non-linear continuity equationfor the air mass is used to establish a theoretical model for the dynamic air cush-ion pressure. Buoyancy forces due to dynamic air cushion pressure inside thesuction anchors are calculated until the wave elevation inside the suction anchorreach the top. At impact Wagner&#146;s wedge method together with Von Karman&#146;swetted length is used to calculate the impact force on the cone-shaped suctionanchor top.Important parameters a&amp
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Terblanche, Riaan. "Evaluation of drop break-up after impingement on horizontal slat grids and the effect of drop size of cooling tower rain zone performance." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17973.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2011.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Natural draught wet-cooling tower rain zone performance can be significantly enhanced by reducing the mean drop size in the rain zone with the installation of specially designed grids below the cooling tower fill. Drops enter the rain zone in the form of a polydisperse drop distribution, dripping from below the cooling tower fill, comprising relatively large drops. In order to design and optimize a grid for breaking up these drops, the mechanisms of drop break-up after impingement on the grid surface, referred to as splash
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Wilson, Graham. "Characterization of the Alamitos Heights Fault beneath California State University, Long Beach| A splay of the Newport-Inglewood fault zone." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1603102.

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<p> A 3D seismic volume across the campus of California State University, Long Beach images the Alamitos Heights fault, a splay of the Newport-Inglewood fault zone (NIFZ). The Alamitos Heights fault is a zone that strikes approximately N55&deg;W, dips on average 80&deg;SW, and bounds the northeast extent of the Seal Beach oil field structure. It plays a role in the complex evolution of the Newport-Inglewood fault zone within the Los Angeles sedimentary basin, which is closely related to timing and trapping mechanisms of nearby oil fields. Its origin and development may be related to fault s
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Agudelo, William. "Imagerie sismique quantitative de la marge convergente d'Equateur-Colombie : Application des mèthodes tomographiques aux données de sismique réflexion multitrace et réfraction-réflexion grand-angle des campagnes SISTEUR et SALIERI." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010415.

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Mon travail de thèse se propose d'étudier la structure, les propriétés physiques et les processus géodynamiques de la zone de subduction d'Equateur-Colombie grâce à l'adaptation et le développement d'outils d'imagerie sismique (inversion de formes d'ondes 'alias' tomographie en diffraction) et à leur application aux données de sismique marine multitrace (MCS) et grand-angle OBS (WA) acquises en Equateur-Colombie pendant les campagnes SISTEUR et SALIERI. Ces outils m'ont permis de réaliser une imagerie fine et quantitative à trois niveaux : l'imagerie superficielle (~ 0-3 km), l'imagerie à prof
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Moraes, Jorge Luiz Amaral de. "Dinâmicas sócio-econômicas de desenvolvimento dos territórios rurais : os sistemas produtivos localizados (SPLs) da Região Vale do Rio Pardo-RS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/15636.

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Este estudo parte dos reflexos da reestruturação produtiva capitalista sobre as dinâmicas locais de desenvolvimento dos territórios rurais e a tentativa de identificar a complexidade das respostas em nível territorial. A justificativa do trabalho assenta-se na necessidade de um aprofundamento do debate sobre as novas abordagens teóricas explicativas da gênese e funcionamento das atuais dinâmicas de desenvolvimento desses territórios. O objetivo principal do estudo consiste em analisar as dinâmicas sócio-econômicas de desenvolvimento dos territórios rurais do Rio Grande do Sul através da utiliz
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Agudelo, Zambrano William Mauricio. "Imagerie sismique quantitative de la marge convergente d'Equateur-Colombie : application des méthodes tomographiques aux données de sismique réflexion multitrace et réfraction-réflexion grand-angle des campagnes SISTEUR et SALIERI." Paris 6, 2005. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010415.

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Pidwerbecki, David. "Heat transfer in the splash-zone of a high temperature fluidized bed." Thesis, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35026.

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Zhang, Wei. "Performance prediction for subsea structures during lowering operations." Thesis, 2018. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/28798/1/Zhang_W_whole_thesis_ex_pub_mat.pdf.

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Accurate predictions of the hydrodynamic loads experienced by offshore structures with large horizontal surface are crucial for offshore installation operations, especially when the structures are crossing the splash zone. The structures may encounter various wave conditions and experience significant impact forces which lead to unexpected impulsive loads on the hoisting system, and subsequently, the operation window may be limited by the impulsive loads. The numerical simulations of the water entry process for different objects, such as a cylinder and a wedge, have undergone substantial deve
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Books on the topic "Splash zone"

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Splash Zone. Highlights Press, c/o Highlights for Children, Inc., 2011.

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Shikuma, Kazuko. Splash Zone: Leader's Guidebook. Book Vine Press, 2022.

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Shikuma, Kazuko. Splash Zone: Leader's Guidebook. Book Vine Press, 2022.

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Growing Up in the Splash Zone. Newman Springs Publishing, Inc., 2020.

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Arnold, Linda. Sing Along and Play in the Splash Zone. Monterey Bay Aquarium Press, 2000.

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Sing Along and Play in the Splash Zone. Monterey Bay Aquarium, 2000.

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Splash Zone: Rock and Reef Homes Coloring and Sticker Book. Monterey Bay Aquarium Press, 2000.

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Pidwerbecki, David. Heat transfer in the splash-zone of a high temperature fluidized bed. 1994.

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Guide for Use and Selection of Powder Coating Systems for Protective Purposes. AMPP, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/sspc-guide_25-2019.

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Scope This guide provides general information to assist facility owners and specifiers who select or specify powder coating systems to protect steel substrates from corrosion. It includes information about surface preparation and application procedures, and also about coating system durability and performance. Detailed descriptions of substrate selection and pretreatment are beyond the scope of this guide. Coating powder suppliers can provide advice regarding selection of specific primers and finish coats, and powder application and recovery equipment suppliers can assist with the selection of
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Book chapters on the topic "Splash zone"

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Mifsud, Domenick M., Chris D. Wickens, Richard Rodriguez, Francisco R. Ortega, and Mike Maulbeck. "Augmented Reality Compensatory Aid for Improved Weapon Splash-Zone Awareness." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-61044-8_17.

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Rodriguez, Richi, Domenick Mifsud, Chris Wickens, et al. "Virtual Reality Compensatory Aid for Improved Weapon Splash-Zone Awareness." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77599-5_36.

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Yu, Hongyang, and Xiaohui Wang. "Prediction of the Lateral Ultimate Bearing Capacity of the RC Pipe Pile with Corrosion-Damaged Partial Length." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-6238-5_19.

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AbstractFor reinforced concrete (RC) pipe pile used in the high-pile wharf in the marine environment, due to the dry–wet cycling in the splash/tidal zone, corrosion of the reinforcing bars in the pipe pile often occurs in this zone. In the present paper, the lateral ultimate bearing capacity of the RC pipe pile with corrosion-damaged partial length is predicted via the finite element method. Corrosion-induced concrete cover cracking, the reduction of effective cross section and strength of steel bars, as well as the bond degradation between steel bars and concrete are considered to predict the
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Laurent, Boutillon, Cussigh François, De Wiljes Guillaume, Stathopoulos Vlamis Aris, and Corbett Philip. "UHPFRC Repair of Charilaos Trikoupis Bridge M3 Pier Base in the Tidal & Splash Zone." In Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-32519-9_135.

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Ota, M., A. Numata, and S. Kondo. "Life Time Test of Prestressed Concrete Various Measures of Protection against Corrosion in Splash Zones." In Ocean Space Utilization ’85. Springer Japan, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68284-4_50.

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Mori, Y., and T. Tomura. "Experiments on Repair of Corrosion Protective Coverings Applied to the Splash and Tidal Zones of Steel Pipe Piles." In Ocean Space Utilization ’85. Springer Japan, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68284-4_63.

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von Huene, Roland, John J. Miller, Dirk Klaeschen, and Peter Dartnell. "A Possible Source Mechanism of the 1946 Unimak Alaska Far-Field Tsunami: Uplift of the Mid-Slope Terrace Above a Splay Fault Zone." In Pageoph Topical Volumes. Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55480-8_26.

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Suzuki, Y., K. Doi, T. Kyuno, and Y. Shimizu. "Study of Corrosion-Protection Technologies in Splash and Tidal Zones Establishment of Corrosion-Protection Technologies to Provide Long-Term Durability at Low Cost for Offshore Steel Structures by Use of Methods for Wrapping of Highly Corrosion-Resistant Metallic Materials." In Ocean Space Utilization ’85. Springer Japan, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68284-4_62.

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"splash water zone." In Dictionary Geotechnical Engineering/Wörterbuch GeoTechnik. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-41714-6_196148.

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GUIGON, P., J. F. LARGE, and A. KONIUTA. "Heat transfer to tubes immersed in the splash zone of a turbulent fluidized bed." In Circulating Fluidized Bed Technology. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-036225-0.50030-7.

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Conference papers on the topic "Splash zone"

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Zarate, Daniel A. "Next Generation Splash Zone Coating." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2010. SSPC, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2010-00059.

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Abstract Two coatings were developed for the intended purpose of maintaining steel sheet pile at the waterfront. The new splash zone coatings are free of VOC’s and HAP’s thereby providing a more environmentally friendly alternative to the standard coal tar epoxy system. The new coatings are also more abrasion and impact resistant and applied at more than twice the thickness of coal tar epoxy. All of these factors add up to an anticipated service life of 3 to 4 times that of coal tar epoxy leading to reduced life cycle costs.
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Doan, T., N. Rakers, M. Shearer, et al. "Properties of Splash Zone and Immersion Coatings." In CORROSION 2020. NACE International, 2020. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2020-14634.

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Abstract Splash and immersion zones on offshore installations are areas that are exposed to extremely aggressive environments due to the effects of sea water, tides, wind, waves, and/or ultraviolet radiation. Various certifications such as NORSOK(1) exist to help guide customers select a coating based on its corrosion resistance performance. Despite the necessity of these standards, it is helpful to understand that other properties such as substrate surface and cure conditions can greatly effect performance of the coatings. In this paper, we will compare adhesion of two coatings to different s
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Lye, Rolf E. "Splash Zone Protection a Norwegian Operator's View." In CORROSION 2001. NACE International, 2001. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2001-01469.

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Abstract Splash zone protection measures comprising corrosion allowance and different coatings used on some oil and gas platforms in the Norwegian North Sea since 1987 are described. The coatings used are high build epoxies on the structure and rubber on risers. Experience with different coating concepts, both during fabrication and operation is discussed. Compliance with regulator requirements is also discussed.
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Trader, Bruce, and Richard K. Snow. "Field-Applied Composites for Splash Zone Corrosion Protection." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00175.

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Abstract This paper will summarize four case studies of projects using field-applied composites for corrosion protection and repairs to offshore structures. All four projects used an all-polymer encapsulation process for splash zone corrosion protection. Two of these same projects also involved composites utilizing polymer grouts and steel assemblies to effect underwater structural repairs.
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Byers, Jim, Ryan Rose, David Young, et al. "New Splash Zone Sulfur Containing Polyamidoamine Epoxy Type Coating." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2008. SSPC, 2008. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2008-00010.

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Abstract This presentation will compare and contrast several anti-corrosive tidal zone coatings developed under a Navy SBIR program. Requirements for the coating included no VOC’s, surface tolerance to chlorides and water, fast cure to avoid washout by tides and waves, and thick build properties. Various trials of the material on dock sheet pilings and cooling tower fallout zones will be illustrated as well as accelerated lab test data.
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Pedersen, Anette, Kari Lønvik, Erik Krogstad Sverre, Lars Lichtenstein, Anders W. B. Skilbred, and Andreas Løken. "Splash Zone Coating Performance after Long Term Offshore Exposure." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19143.

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Abstract Several operators in the Oil&amp;Gas industry have good experience with the use of glass flake reinforced polyester (GFP) coatings, however, limited information of documented long-term performance can be found in the open literature. During decommissioning of an aged Oil&amp;Gas installation, a visual inspection was carried out at a decommissioning yard and a brace cut out from the splash zone of the jacket structure was examined in laboratory. The examination has included visual inspection, inspection in microscope, adhesion testing and EIS measurements. The durability and service li
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Khalil, Mohamed Ahmed M., and Ashraf M. Abdel-Gaber. "Extension of Cathodic Protection Effect to Steel Piles at Tidal and Splash Zone." In CORROSION 2014. NACE International, 2014. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2014-3627.

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Abstract The effectiveness of cathodic protection systems were studied at the tidal-inter-tidal and splash zone areas, by laboratory simulation test. Different electrolyte conducting materials (ECMs) have been used in order to select the most suitable condition; for achieving the most important factor for applying cathodic protection, in the splash zone area. Different sizes of both bare and coated steel were tested in natural seawater. Fully submersed and above water potential (splash zone) measurements, were been performed, on all executed experiments. The obtained results revealed that cath
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Smith, Martin, Colin Bowley, and Lucian Williams. "In Situ Protection of Splash Zones – 30 Years on." In CORROSION 2002. NACE International, 2002. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2002-02214.

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Abstract The corrosion rate in the splash zone of marine piles is severe. Coatings for application in situ must provide protection even when applied to contaminated or immersed surfaces. Petrolatum tapes have been used for this application for 30 years and such systems are well established. Developments of this type of coating have been evaluated by laboratory tests and case histories and confirm that petrolatum tape systems with suitable outer coverings maintain long term corrosion protection of splash zones and are unaffected by sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB).
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Schmitt, G., R. Feser, C. Kapsalis, K. Steinkamp, and B. Sagebiel. "Splash Zone Protection of Hot Risers by Sheathing with CuNi Alloys." In CORROSION 2010. NACE International, 2010. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2010-10386.

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Abstract The performance of CuNi 90 10 (C70600) , CuNi 70 30 (C71500) and NiCu 70 30 (N04400, alloy 400) was investigated under conditions encountered in the splash and spray zone of hot risers with special consideration of the heat transfer at the wall causing salt crusts formation. Tubes of these alloys were heated internally to an inside temperature of 100 and 120 °C, respectively, and were exposed vertically for 1000 h i) half-submerged in ASTM seawater thermostated at 50°C and ii) to a spray of artificial ASTM seawater in a salt spray chamber kept at 50°C. Corrosion loss was quantified by
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John, R. C., and W. Van Hooff. "Improved Corrosion Control by Coating in the Splash Zone and Subsea." In CORROSION 1988. NACE International, 1988. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1988-88456.

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Abstract The splash zone around offshore structures is without doubt one of nature’s most hostile and corrosive environments. Apart from the continuous wetting and drying of salt spray, wave impacts, plentiful supplies of oxygen and lack of cathodic protection, the region is always difficult and sometimes dangerous to access. This paper reviews the performance of two new offshore repair coatings recently installed on North Sea and Gulf of Mexico installations. The first coating, a reinforced heatshrinkable sleeve, is designed to be installed over properly cleaned and dried steel surfaces. Suit
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Reports on the topic "Splash zone"

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Gaughen, C. D., David E. Pendleton, and Daniel A. Zarate. Zero VOC, Coal Tar Free Splash Zone Coating (SZC). Defense Technical Information Center, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada582341.

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Young. L51726 Guidelines for Riser Splash Zone Design and Repair. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010369.

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This report provides guidelines for riser and splash zone design, provides a detailed overview of existing riser repair techniques and products, and provides guidelines identifying the capabilities and limitations of riser reinstatement systems. The objectives of this study were to establish the current state of technology for riser design and capabilities of riser repair systems; and to provide guidance for selection of a repair system with minimum down time and loss for production in the event of unanticipated damage.
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Singh and McPherson. JPM3HQD Inspecting Neoprene Rubber Splash Zone Coatings for Offshore Risers. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011279.

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The project assessed Guided Wave Technology (GWT).�Five off pipes were to be set up such that one was a clean control with no defects, and the remaining four marked up with artificial corrosion defects via Electrical Discharge Machining (EDM), which was used to create features considered typical of riser/pipeline damage. The pipes also had girth welds and weld neck flanges at each end as reference and calibration markers.
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4

Young, R. L51726A Guidelines for Riser Splash Zone Design and Repair - Detailed Edition. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011873.

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Abstract:
This report provides guidelines for riser and splash zone design, provides a detailed overview of existing riser repair techniques and products, and provides guidelines identifying the capabilities and limitations of riser reinstatement systems. The objectives of this study were to establish the current state of technology for riser design and capabilities of riser repair systems and to provide guidance for the selection of a repair system with minimum downtime and loss for production in the event of unanticipated damage. This report contains more detail than its sister report L51726.
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