Journal articles: 'Stuttering'

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Gaines, Natalie D., Charles M. Runyan, and Susan C. Meyers. "A Comparison of Young Stutterers’ Fluent Versus Stuttered Utterances on Measures of Length and Complexity." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 34, no. 1 (February 1991): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3401.37.

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This investigation attempted to clarify the relationship between stuttering in young children and the language factors of length and grammatical complexity. Sentences containing stutterings within the first few words, as produced by 12 stutterers (4–6 years old) in spontaneous conversational dyads, were analyzed for length and grammatical complexity. Results indicated that sentences in which an episode of stuttering occurred within the first three words were significantly longer and more complex than sentences that were free of perceptible stuttering and all other forms of fluency failure. Implications of these findings for the clinician are presented and discussed.

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Conture, Edward G., Howard D. Schwartz, and David W. Brewer. "Laryngeal Behavior during Stuttering." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 28, no. 2 (June 1985): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2802.233.

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The purpose of this study was to provide detailed, objective descriptions of stutterers' laryngeal behavior during instances of stuttering within conversational speech. Subjects were 11 adult stutterers who produced stutterings (sound prolongations and sound/syllable repetitions) while their laryngeal behaviors were observed by means of a flexible fiber-optic nasolaryngoscope (fiberscope). Laryngeal behaviors during 86 of the 11 stutterers' stutterings were categorized as adducted, intermediate, or abducted. Results indicate that during sound prolongations the vocal folds were more likely to be adducted and less variable in their movement than during sound/syllable repetitions. Results further indicated that the voicing characteristics of the stuttered sound (voiceless vs. voiced) and the type of stuttering (sound prolongation vs. sound/syllable repetition) interactively influenced laryngeal behavior. It is hypothesized that a complex interaction among the laryngeal, articulatory, and respiratory systems contribute to the occurrence of the inappropriate abductory and/or adductory laryngeal behavior which characterizes prolonged or repeated (stuttered) speech segments.

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Rich, B. Ruby. "Stuttering Cinema, Stuttering Democracy, Stuttering Globalism." Film Quarterly 75, no. 1 (2021): 5–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/fq.2021.75.1.5.

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Schwartz, Howard D., and Edward G. Conture. "Subgrouping Young Stutterers." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 31, no. 1 (March 1988): 62–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3101.62.

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The purpose of this investigation was to identify speech and nonspeech behaviors associated with stuttering of young persons and to use these behaviors in attempts to discern and describe subgroups of these individuals. Forty-three young stutterers (10 girls and 33 boys) produced stutterings and associated behaviors during conversations that were video/audio recorded. Fourteen associated speech and nonspeech behaviors and speech disfluency types were identified and quantified for 10 stutterings from each of the 43 subjects. The 14 associated behaviors and speech disfluency types were further reduced to form three related indices: (a) Sound Prolongation Index, (b) Nonspeech Behavior Index, and (c) Behavioral Variety Index. Results indicated that five subgroups of young stutterers could be identified and described on the basis of these youngsters' number and variety of speech and nonspeech behaviors associated with their stuttering. Findings are taken to suggest that these speech and nonspeeeh behavioral differences reflect differences in young stutterers' reactions and adjustments to their problem.

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Van Borsel, John, and Caroline Taillieu. "Neurogenic stuttering versus developmental stuttering." Journal of Communication Disorders 34, no. 5 (September 2001): 385–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0021-9924(01)00057-0.

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Brady, John Paul, and Moira Rynn. "Stuttering." CNS Drugs 1, no. 4 (April 1994): 263–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00023210-199401040-00004.

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7

Leung, Alexander K. C., and Lane M. Robson. "Stuttering." Clinical Pediatrics 29, no. 9 (September 1990): 498–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000992289002900901.

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Conture, Edward, and Lesley Wolk. "Stuttering." Seminars in Speech and Language 11, no. 03 (August 1990): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2008-1064253.

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9

Castiglia, Patricia T. "Stuttering." Journal of Pediatric Health Care 7, no. 6 (November 1993): 275–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0891-5245(06)80009-x.

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Newman, Byron Y. "Stuttering." Optometry - Journal of the American Optometric Association 80, no. 6 (June 2009): 280–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.optm.2009.03.008.

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&NA;. "Stuttering." Nursing 37 (October 2007): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.nurse.0000295643.58167.4d.

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Van Riper, Charles. "Stuttering?" Journal of Fluency Disorders 17, no. 1-2 (January 1992): 81–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-730x(92)90025-l.

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Nessell, Wm E. "Stuttering." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 261, no. 1 (January 6, 1989): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03420010056030.

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Andrews, Gavin. "Stuttering." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 10 (September 9, 1988): 1445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1988.03410100135039.

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Andrews, G. "Stuttering." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 260, no. 10 (September 9, 1988): 1445. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.260.10.1445.

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Shollenbarger, Amy, Nichole Terry, and Christina Akbari. "An Investigation of College Students' Knowledge of Stuttering." Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups 2, no. 4 (January 2017): 66–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/persp2.sig4.66.

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Purpose This study explored college students' basic knowledge of stuttering. Method One hundred eighty college students were interviewed to assess their knowledge of stuttering. Participant responses were coded for core stuttering behaviors and etiology of stuttering. Participants also were asked if they knew someone who stuttered and if they were interested in learning more about stuttering. Results Repetitions were the most frequently described core behavior of stuttering. The majority of participants reported either that they did not know what caused stuttering, or that it was caused by nervousness. Most participants stated that they would like to know more about stuttering. Knowing a person who stuttered did not translate into knowing more about stuttering. Conclusion College students do not exhibit adequate knowledge about the causes or characteristics of stuttering.

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Davidow, Jason H., Heather L. Grossman, and Robin L. Edge. "Stuttering Frequency, Speech Rate, Speech Naturalness, and Speech Effort During the Production of Voluntary Stuttering." Language and Speech 62, no. 2 (May 14, 2018): 318–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830918766962.

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Purpose: Voluntary stuttering techniques involve persons who stutter purposefully interjecting disfluencies into their speech. Little research has been conducted on the impact of these techniques on the speech pattern of persons who stutter. The present study examined whether changes in the frequency of voluntary stuttering accompanied changes in stuttering frequency, articulation rate, speech naturalness, and speech effort. Method: In total, 12 persons who stutter aged 16–34 years participated. Participants read four 300-syllable passages during a control condition, and three voluntary stuttering conditions that involved attempting to produce purposeful, tension-free repetitions of initial sounds or syllables of a word for two or more repetitions (i.e., bouncing). The three voluntary stuttering conditions included bouncing on 5%, 10%, and 15% of syllables read. Friedman tests and follow-up Wilcoxon signed ranks tests were conducted for the statistical analyses. Results: Stuttering frequency, articulation rate, and speech naturalness were significantly different between the voluntary stuttering conditions. Speech effort did not differ between the voluntary stuttering conditions. Stuttering frequency was significantly lower during the three voluntary stuttering conditions compared to the control condition, and speech effort was significantly lower during two of the three voluntary stuttering conditions compared to the control condition. Conclusions: Due to changes in articulation rate across the voluntary stuttering conditions, it is difficult to conclude, as has been suggested previously, that voluntary stuttering is the reason for stuttering reductions found when using voluntary stuttering techniques. Additionally, future investigations should examine different types of voluntary stuttering over an extended period of time to determine their impact on stuttering frequency, speech rate, speech naturalness, and speech effort.

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Douglass, Jill E., Maria Schwab, and Jacqueline Alvarado. "Covert Stuttering: Investigation of the Paradigm Shift From Covertly Stuttering to Overtly Stuttering." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 27, no. 3S (October 19, 2018): 1235–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-odc11-17-0190.

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Purpose Covert stuttering is a type of stuttering experience that occurs when a person who stutters conceals his or her stutter from others, attempting to be perceived as a nonstuttering individual. A person who covertly stutters experiences the cognitive and emotional elements of stuttering with minimum overt behavioral symptoms. Individuals who covertly stutter are able to provide insight into their experiences in attempting to be perceived as nonstuttering individuals. Covert stuttering is a topic that continues to be in need of a formal definition. The current investigation is utilizing thematic analysis to provide a detail-rich investigation of the paradigm shift from covertly stuttering to overtly stuttering. Method The current investigation is a qualitative analysis of individuals' transition process from covertly stuttering to overtly stuttering. Real-time video interviews were conducted with the use of open-ended phenomenological interview questions. Interviews were transcribed, and thematic analysis of interview transcripts was conducted to investigate the covertly to overtly stuttering process for participants. Results The findings provide insight into a paradigm shift that occurs when individuals who covertly stutter begin to outwardly identify themselves and allow for overt stuttering. The primary theme was a paradigm shift in the 6 participants' mindset regarding stuttering; additional details are provided in the subthemes: attending speech therapy, meeting other people who stutter, and a psychological low point. The details of the covert-to-overt stuttering conversion are documented with the use of direct quotations. Conclusion The evidence suggests the various intricacies of the experiences of persons who are covert. Clinical implications of these findings for assessing and treating individuals who covertly stutter are discussed.

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Zebrowski, Patricia M. "Duration of Sound Prolongation and Sound/Syllable Repetition in Children Who Stutter." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 37, no. 2 (April 1994): 254–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3702.254.

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The purpose of this study was to measure the duration of sound prolongations and sound/syllable repetitions (stutterings) in the conversational speech of school-age children who stutter. The relationships between duration and (a) frequency and type of speech disfluency, (b) number and rate of repeated units per instance of sound/syllable repetition, (c) overall speech rate, and (d) articulatory rate were also examined. Results indicated that for the children in this study the average duration of stuttering was approximately three-quarters of a second, and was not significantly correlated with age, length of post-onset interval, or frequency of speech disfluency. In addition, findings can be taken to suggest that part of the clinical significance of stuttering duration for children who stutter might lie in its relationship to the amount of sound prolongations these children produce, as well as their articulatory rate during fluent speech.

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Cordes, Anne K., and Roger J. Ingham. "The Reliability of Observational Data." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 37, no. 2 (April 1994): 279–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3702.279.

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Much attention has been directed recently toward the problem of measuring occurrences of stuttering with satisfactory levels of interjudge agreement. This paper reviews the prominent concepts of the stuttering event, arguing that they may be one cause of the stuttering measurement problem. The evidence that has led to concerns about the reliability of stuttering event measurements is also reviewed. Reliability and measurement issues that were discussed in the first paper of this series (Cordes, 1994) emerge as basic to the interpretation of much stuttering research, and it is argued that the stuttering measurement problem is not confined to research on stuttering judgments but actually permeates other important stuttering research areas. Some recent attempts to resolve the stuttering measurement problem are reviewed, and the implications of developing an improved measurement system for this disorder are discussed.

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Ertas, Iclal, Gönül Akçamete, and Mukaddes Sakallı Demirok. "Effectiveness of the Enriched Stuttering Intervention Program Used in Stuttering Children." American Journal of Health Behavior 46, no. 1 (January 31, 2022): 60–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5993/ajhb.46.1.6.

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Objectives: In this study, we examined the effectiveness of the Enriched Stuttering Intervention Program (ESIP), developed by the researchers, on children with stuttering difficulties. More specifically, we examined the frequency of stuttering, duration of stuttering, behaviors accompanying stuttering, and whether there was a significant difference in the naturalness of speech. Methods: We used a quasi-experimental design. The study group study consisted of 5 boys admitted to a Special Education and Rehabilitation Centre during 2019-2020 and diagnosed by a pediatric psychiatrist with stuttering. The information forms prepared by the researchers were used to be completed by the family, the teacher, and the child to collect personal information about the children. We used the Stuttering Severity Instrument (SSI-4) to collect our research data. Results: When we compared pre-test and post-test data, we found a statistically significant difference in the severity of stuttering in the 5 children. Conclusion: The Enriched Stuttering Intervention Program improved stuttering in this group of children.

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Costa, Julia Biancalana, Ana Paula Ritto, Fabiola Juste, Fernanda Chiarion Sassi, and Claudia Regina Furquim de Andrade. "Risk Factors for the Development of Persistent Stuttering: What Every Pediatrician Should Know." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 5225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095225.

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Early identification and adequate treatment of children who stutter is important, since it has an impact on speech development. Considering the importance of aiding pediatricians to recognize children at risk for developing persistent stuttering, the aim of the present study was to correlate speech fluency characteristics of children, whose parents reported stuttering behaviors, to the risk factors of persistent stuttering. The participants were 419 children aged 2:0 to 11:11 years, who were divided into two groups: children with stuttering complaints (CSC), composed of children whose parents reported the presence of stuttering behaviors; and children with no stuttering complaint (CNSCs), composed of children with no stuttering behaviors. Risk variables were gathered based on a questionnaire answered by parents involving the following variables: sex, presence of family history of stuttering, whether stuttering behaviors were observed for more than 12 months, whether stuttering behaviors began before 5 years of age, increased effort to speak (i.e., syllable and sound repetitions and fixed articulatory positions), negative family attitude towards the child’s speech, and negative attitude towards the child’s own speech. The diagnosis of stuttering was determined by a formal speech assessment by a pathologist (SLP). The risk analysis indicated that increased effort to speak, negative family attitude towards the child’s speech, and complaints of stuttering for more than 12 months were associated with a higher risk of stuttering in children. Therefore, when pediatricians are faced with complaints about the presence of stuttering behaviors and these factors are present, they should immediately refer the patient to an SLP for specific assessment.

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Costa, Julia Biancalana, Ana Paula Ritto, Fabiola Juste, Fernanda Chiarion Sassi, and Claudia Regina Furquim de Andrade. "Risk Factors for the Development of Persistent Stuttering: What Every Pediatrician Should Know." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 5225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095225.

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Early identification and adequate treatment of children who stutter is important, since it has an impact on speech development. Considering the importance of aiding pediatricians to recognize children at risk for developing persistent stuttering, the aim of the present study was to correlate speech fluency characteristics of children, whose parents reported stuttering behaviors, to the risk factors of persistent stuttering. The participants were 419 children aged 2:0 to 11:11 years, who were divided into two groups: children with stuttering complaints (CSC), composed of children whose parents reported the presence of stuttering behaviors; and children with no stuttering complaint (CNSCs), composed of children with no stuttering behaviors. Risk variables were gathered based on a questionnaire answered by parents involving the following variables: sex, presence of family history of stuttering, whether stuttering behaviors were observed for more than 12 months, whether stuttering behaviors began before 5 years of age, increased effort to speak (i.e., syllable and sound repetitions and fixed articulatory positions), negative family attitude towards the child’s speech, and negative attitude towards the child’s own speech. The diagnosis of stuttering was determined by a formal speech assessment by a pathologist (SLP). The risk analysis indicated that increased effort to speak, negative family attitude towards the child’s speech, and complaints of stuttering for more than 12 months were associated with a higher risk of stuttering in children. Therefore, when pediatricians are faced with complaints about the presence of stuttering behaviors and these factors are present, they should immediately refer the patient to an SLP for specific assessment.

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Costa, Julia Biancalana, Ana Paula Ritto, Fabiola Juste, Fernanda Chiarion Sassi, and Claudia Regina Furquim de Andrade. "Risk Factors for the Development of Persistent Stuttering: What Every Pediatrician Should Know." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (April 25, 2022): 5225. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095225.

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Early identification and adequate treatment of children who stutter is important, since it has an impact on speech development. Considering the importance of aiding pediatricians to recognize children at risk for developing persistent stuttering, the aim of the present study was to correlate speech fluency characteristics of children, whose parents reported stuttering behaviors, to the risk factors of persistent stuttering. The participants were 419 children aged 2:0 to 11:11 years, who were divided into two groups: children with stuttering complaints (CSC), composed of children whose parents reported the presence of stuttering behaviors; and children with no stuttering complaint (CNSCs), composed of children with no stuttering behaviors. Risk variables were gathered based on a questionnaire answered by parents involving the following variables: sex, presence of family history of stuttering, whether stuttering behaviors were observed for more than 12 months, whether stuttering behaviors began before 5 years of age, increased effort to speak (i.e., syllable and sound repetitions and fixed articulatory positions), negative family attitude towards the child’s speech, and negative attitude towards the child’s own speech. The diagnosis of stuttering was determined by a formal speech assessment by a pathologist (SLP). The risk analysis indicated that increased effort to speak, negative family attitude towards the child’s speech, and complaints of stuttering for more than 12 months were associated with a higher risk of stuttering in children. Therefore, when pediatricians are faced with complaints about the presence of stuttering behaviors and these factors are present, they should immediately refer the patient to an SLP for specific assessment.

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Weidner, Mary E., Kenneth O. St. Louis, and Haley L. Glover. "Changing Nonstuttering Preschool Children's Stuttering Attitudes." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 27, no. 4 (November 21, 2018): 1445–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-18-0019.

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PurposeNegative or uninformed stuttering attitudes proliferate among the general public, and bourgeoning research has shown that such attitudes might emerge as early as the preschool years. Much remains unknown about young children's stuttering attitudes, and conclusive recommendations to improve attitudes toward stuttering have yet to be advanced. This study sought to determine the effect of a new educational program on improving stuttering attitudes among preschool children using objective measures.MethodThirty-seven preschool children learned about stuttering and sensitive peer interactions by participating in the newly developed Attitude Change and Tolerance program. The program teaches children about human differences with an emphasis on stuttering and how to interact with people who stutter. Children's stuttering attitudes were measured using the Public Opinion Survey of Human Attributes–Stuttering/Child (Weidner & St. Louis, 2014) before and after the program.ResultsPre–post comparisons showed statistically significant improvements in children's overall stuttering attitudes. In particular, children demonstrated gains relative to their perceptions of and reactions toward people who stutter.ConclusionThis study provides empirical evidence that young children's stuttering attitudes can be improved using the Attitude Change and Tolerance program. In addition, it supports previous research that negative stuttering attitudes emerge as early as preschool.

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Tichenor, Seth, and J. Scott Yaruss. "A Phenomenological Analysis of the Experience of Stuttering." American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology 27, no. 3S (October 19, 2018): 1180–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2018_ajslp-odc11-17-0192.

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Purpose Stuttering behaviors and moments of stuttering are typically defined by what a listener perceives. This study evaluated participants' perceptions of their own experience of moments of stuttering. Method Thirteen adults who stutter participated in a phenomenological qualitative study examining their experience of moments of stuttering. Analysis yielded several common themes and subthemes culminating in an essential structure describing the shared experience. Results Speakers experience anticipation and react in action and nonaction ways. Many speakers experience a loss of control that relates to a lack of a well-formed speech plan or agency. The experience of moments of stuttering changes through therapy, over time, with self-help, and across situations. Many speakers experience so-called typical stuttering behaviors as reactions rather than direct consequences of trying to speak. Interactions with listeners can affect the experience of stuttering. Conclusion Although research recognizes that the experience of the stuttering disorder involves more than just speech behaviors, people who stutter experience stuttering behaviors in time as involving more than just the disruption in speech. This finding has implications for both the theoretical understanding of stuttering and the clinical evaluation and treatment of the stuttering disorder.

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Swartz, Eric, Farzan Irani, and Rodney Gabel. "Coping With Stuttering." Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders 24, no. 2 (December 2014): 58–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ffd24.2.58.

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Purpose: The purpose of this research was to gain a deeper understanding about coping strategies by adults who stutter (AWS). Methods: A mixed methods approach was used to gather responses from 61 participants in response to a questionnaire with forced choice and open-ended questions. Participants were recruited via speech-language pathologists who forwarded the questionnaire to present and past clients who stutter. Results: Successful coping with stuttering had a positive correlation with a lower stuttering severity. The following themes where indicative of successful coping with stuttering: (1) living your life with stuttering, (2) managing stuttering with no negative impact, and (3) positive effects and speech therapy and techniques on stuttering. Unsuccessful coping with stuttering was described as: (1) avoidance, (2) negative impact on life, (3) treatment did not work, and (4) coping is difficult. Conclusions: The findings from this study indicated that AWS with a lower severity of stuttering cope better with their stuttering. Qualitative responses provided insight into how AWS perceive successful and unsuccessful coping with stuttering and how that impacts their overall quality of life.

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Ambrose, Nicoline Grinager, and Ehud Yairi. "Normative Disfluency Data for Early Childhood Stuttering." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 42, no. 4 (August 1999): 895–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4204.895.

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Although the past 50 years of research on early childhood stuttering and normal disfluency have produced vital information on the general features of disfluent speech behavior of young children, an adequate normative reference for early stuttering does not exist. The purpose of this report is to provide such reference and to provide a basis for clinical needs of differential diagnosis of stuttering from normal disfluency. Data are presented from 90 stuttering children ages 2 to 5 within 6 months of stuttering onset and from 54 age-matched normally fluent children. Means for disfluency types are presented. No significant differences were found for gender or for age. Stuttering-like disfluencies (SLD) did differ significantly for the stuttering and fluent groups, but other disfluencies (OD) did not. A weighted SLD is defined to further clarify differences between the groups. The pattern of disfluency types for normally fluent and for mild, moderate, and severe stuttering is presented. Stuttering is shown to be qualitatively as well as quantitatively different from normal disfluency even at the earliest stages of stuttering. Clinical and research implications are discussed.

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Agarwal, Vinish Kumar, Mukesh Sharma, Vijay Kumar, Sampan Singh Bist, and Swati Pant. "Analysis of Stutterers Characteristics in Association with Age of Onset and Family History of Stuttering." Bengal Journal of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery 30, no. 1 (December 3, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.47210/bjohns.2022.v30i1.622.

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Introduction Stuttering is a common occurrence in children which is also known as stammering, dysfluency or clutching of words. Aims of present study was to study association of age of onset and family history of stuttering with stutterers characteristics. Materials and Methods Total 136 stutterers were included in the study. All stutterers were subjected to complete ear nose and throat examination. All stutterers were evaluated by speech language therapist for diagnosis of speech disorder. Results Out of 136 stutterers 124 (91%) were male while 12 (9%) were female ranging from 6 years to 56 years, 15 (11%) had age of onset below 3 years, 98 (72%) had 3 years to 6 years while 23 (17%) had onset after age of 6 years, 44 (36.4%) male and 1 (8.3%) female patient had first degree family history of stuttering, 15 (11%) had mild stuttering, 98 (72%) had moderate stuttering while 23 (17%) had severe stuttering, 102 (75%) had secondary stuttering characteristics including 94 (75.8%) male and 8 (67%) female stutterers. Conclusion Present study concluded that there is definite association of between age of onset and severity of stuttering, between duration of stuttering and secondary characteristics and between severity and number of secondary characteristics of stuttering. We couldn’t find significant association between positive family history of stuttering among first degree relatives and age of onset, severity and secondary characteristics of stuttering.

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Reitzes, Peter, and Greg Snyder. "The Infusion of Interactive Digital Media With Self-Help and Stuttering Treatment." Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders 19, no. 1 (February 2009): 28–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ffd19.1.28.

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Abstract Limitations in the science of stuttering and stuttering therapy result in a failure to eradicate the stuttering phenomenon in clients with persistent developmental stuttering. Subsequently, many clients who stutter continue to live with the negative social consequences of stuttered speech, which include the potential for social marginalization and a reduction in quality of life. Consequently, current stuttering treatments, as well as a grass-roots self-help movement, have evolved to address these challenges faced by the stuttering population. This paper discusses the application of self-help styled interactive content over a digital media, in the form of audio and video podcasting, in stuttering support and treatment.

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Abutova, Sh O. "RULES FOR COMMUNICATING WITH PRESCHOOL CHILDREN WHO STUTTER." American Journal Of Social Sciences And Humanity Research 02, no. 12 (December 1, 2022): 48–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/ajsshr/volume02issue12-08.

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The article discusses psychological and pedagogical support of, and care for children with severe speech disorders, i.e. stuttering. The article deals with questions concerning the time when stuttering occurred, the forms in which stuttering was expressed and the main causes of this severe speech disorder. It considers a therapeutic and pedagogical complex to be recommended in order to overcome stuttering. Of practical significance to preschool center teachers and parents of children with stuttering are 'the speech rules' which the article offers for stuttering children. Implementation and further compliance with "the speech rules" are necessary to eliminate stuttering in children and to form a new fluent speech skill. Useful tips are also offered to teachers and parents who provide psychological and pedagogical help and support to children with stuttering during their complex remedial work.

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Dewi Ikke Nuryani, Bambang Wibisono, and Hairus Salikin. "A Case Study of Language Impairment (Stuttering): A Psycholinguistics Approach." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 5, no. 11 (November 27, 2022): 184–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2022.5.11.20.

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A language is a tool used by humans to communicate. However, due to several reasons, language disorders are often found. One of the language disorders experienced by humans is stuttering. Stuttering is often experienced by children to teenage boys, and rarely is the phenomenon of stuttering found in adults. Therefore, this study aims to examine the phenomenon of stuttering experienced by an adult man in Petung village, Bondowoso district, East Java. The methodology used is descriptive qualitative by using observation and interview techniques to obtain data. The result of this study is that Mr. AG's stuttering is categorized as severe because when he wants to speak, he has a pause of 2-6 seconds from the five forms of stuttering he performs. This condition depends on his emotional level. The factors that caused Mr. Ag's stuttering were a genetic factor and a neurogenic disorder factor because the subject often had seizures due to high fever and epilepsy. With proper treatment, stuttering can be cured, but, in this case, the stuttering becomes permanent because Mr. Ag never gets any treatment to treat language impairment. Stuttering drives a very big impact on Mr. AG’s life. Because of his stuttering, he fails in his education.

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Cooper, Eugene B. "The chronic perseverative stuttering syndrome; Incurable stuttering." Journal of Fluency Disorders 12, no. 6 (December 1987): 381–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-730x(87)90008-8.

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Aguirrebengoa, L. "Prevention of stuttering: Parents of stuttering children." Journal of Fluency Disorders 19, no. 3 (September 1994): 148–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0094-730x(94)90030-2.

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Makhamova Umida Abdusattarovna. "The technology of improving fluid speech and mustering the stutter speaking childern." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 8 (August 30, 2020): 218–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i8.568.

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The article identifies the process of speech therapy for stuttering children's speech: the causes of stuttering, collection of anamnesis of children with stuttering speech defects, comprehensive examination of various aspects of speech, identification of the mechanism of developmental disorders and levels of stuttering using speech therapy-corrective technologies. Through this examination, the problems of speech defects in children in a timely manner were considered, and the purpose of the article was to reveal the concepts of stuttering, their comprehensive examination and methods of overcoming stuttering.

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Maxkamova Umida Abdusattarovna. "Technology of logopedic examination and fluid speech for children." International Journal on Integrated Education 3, no. 9 (September 26, 2020): 237–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i9.636.

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The article identifies the process of speech therapy for stuttering children's speech: the causes of stuttering, collection of anamnesis of children with stuttering speech defects, comprehensive examination of various aspects of speech, identification of the mechanism of developmental disorders and levels of stuttering using speech therapy-corrective technologies. Through this examination, the problems of speech defects in children in a timely manner were considered, and the purpose of the article was to reveal the concepts of stuttering, their comprehensive examination and methods of overcoming stuttering.

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Young, Martin A. "Increasing the Frequency of Stuttering." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 28, no. 2 (June 1985): 282–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.2802.282.

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Information about the conditions under which stuttering varies should include variables that both increase as well as decrease stuttering. Most investigations in which the research factors have been under experimental control have focused on decreasing rather than increasing stuttering. This literature review Of conditions that might be expected to increase stuttering reveals that most investigators have not been able to raise stuttering frequency above control or base levels. Although some variables may increase stuttering, the research is too meager to speculate about underlying factors.

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Yairi, Ehud, Nicoline Grinager Ambrose, and Rebecca Niermann. "The Early Months of Stuttering." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 36, no. 3 (June 1993): 521–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3603.521.

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Objective data on the development of stuttering during its first several months are sparse. Such a deficit is due to parents’ tendency to postpone professional consultation regarding early stuttering until later in the course of the disorder and to a lack of longitudinal studies beginning close to onset. This report presents information on a rare group of 16 preschool subjects who were evaluated within several weeks after stuttering onset and followed for 6 months using multiple measures. The findings show that often early stuttering takes on a moderate-to-severe form. Substantial changes occurred, however, during the 6 months of the study, with a strong tendency for reduction in stuttering-like disfluencies, number of head/face movements, clinician severity ratings of stuttering, and parent ratings of stuttering. Several subjects, including severe cases, exhibited complete recovery. The large changes that occur during the early stage of stuttering suggest that relatively small differences in the length of post-onset interval (stuttering history) can greatly influence all research data of early childhood stuttering. The high, as well as fast, improvement rate suggests that the precise timing of early intervention should be conscientiously evaluated in carefully controlled studies.

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Rout, Nachiketa, Suman Kumar, and Navnit Kumar. "A Survey on Conceptions of Stuttering." Rehabilitation Process and Outcome 3 (January 2014): RPO.S12755. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/rpo.s12755.

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The conceptions about stuttering vary amongst cultures. Culturally specific findings regarding stuttering help in understanding the peoples' views and conceptions about stuttering and devising awareness and counselling strategies. A total of 132 passengers on the Coromandal Express from Chennai to Howrah participated in this study. All of them belonged to the upper middle socio-economic class. Preliminary Stuttering Conception Questionnaire (PSCQ) was used to understand their conceptions of stuttering. 23% had no idea and 12% had myths about the etiology of stuttering. 11% assumed it was a genetic problem and 5—6% a physical-mental problem. 31% had no idea of treatment options. 25% preferred medicine, 23% rehabilitation for treatment of stuttering. For rehabilitation, only 45% precisely knew about the speech language pathologist; the remaining 55% were unaware of this profession. Steps need to be taken towards educating the common man about stuttering.

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İbrahim qızı Abduləliyeva, Yaqut. "Psychological and pedagogical characteristics of stutters." SCIENTIFIC WORK 15, no. 3 (March 24, 2021): 106–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/64/106-108.

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The main cause of stuttering is a weakening of the central nervous system. Sometimes, with the weakening of the body, stuttering can occur even after a number of infectious diseases. Stuttering often occurs after some fear of the victim or with prolonged mental neuroticism-it can also be caused by the constant unfair, rough treatment of children by others. Any sudden change in living conditions (family environment, regime) can lead to stuttering. Stuttering is common in children with early speech development, as their parents read them extra poems, stories and constantly ask them: “Speak”, “repeat”, and children are forced to say that too much causes stuttering. Key words: stuttering, psycho-pedagogical features, speech disorders, psychological problem

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Druker, Kerianne, Trevor Mazzucchelli, Neville Hennessey, and Janet Beilby. "An Evaluation of an Integrated Stuttering and Parent-Administered Self-Regulation Program for Early Developmental Stuttering Disorders." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 63, no. 9 (September 15, 2020): 2894–912. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2020_jslhr-19-00310.

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Purpose This study reports findings from a clinical trial that implemented an early stuttering treatment program integrated with evidence-based parenting support (EBPS) to children who stutter (CWS) with concomitant self-regulation challenges manifested in elevated attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (eADHD) symptoms and compared those outcomes to CWS receiving stuttering treatment without EBPS. Method Participants were 76 preschool CWS and their parent(s). Thirty-six of these children presented with eADHD and were quasirandomized into two groups: stuttering treatment only (eADHD standard ) or stuttering treatment integrated with EBPS (eADHD integrated ). The remaining children did not meet criteria for eADHD symptoms and received stuttering treatment only (No-eADHD standard ). Pre, post, and 3-month follow-up measures of stuttering treatment outcomes as well as treatment effects on measures of child behavior difficulties and parenting practices were examined. Results Significant reduction in stuttering was found for all groups. However, the eADHD integrated group showed a greater reduction in stuttering frequency than the eADHD standard group, and at follow-up, stuttering frequencies in the eADHD integrated group matched those of children in the No-eADHD standard group, while stuttering in the eADHD standard group remained significantly higher. Children with eADHD symptoms who received the integrated program also required significantly less stuttering intervention time than those children with eADHD symptoms who received stuttering treatment only. Families in the eADHD integrated group reported large and significant improvements in child behavior and parenting practices. Conclusion This study provides support for an early treatment program for CWS. The integrated stuttering and self-regulation management program for CWS with eADHD symptoms proved successful for fluency and behavioral improvements, which were sustained at follow-up.

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Afzal, Amina, Hafiza Shabnum Noor, Masooma Rubab, Shahzadi Arshad, and Amyla Saleem. "Comparative Study in Adults who Stutter with and without Social Anxiety." Journal of Health and Rehabilitation Research 3, no. 2 (December 14, 2023): 566–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.61919/jhrr.v3i2.175.

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Background: Stuttering, a complex fluency disorder, often coexists with social anxiety, impacting individuals' communicative competence and quality of life. The intersection of these conditions can exacerbate the challenges faced by adults who stutter, influencing their social participation, educational and professional success, and social status. Objective: The study aimed to elucidate the relationship between stuttering and social anxiety in adults and to determine the extent to which social anxiety affects stuttering severity across various social situations. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted with 80 adults, split into two groups based on the presence (30 participants) or absence (50 participants) of social anxiety. Data were collected on stuttering frequency and severity during common social interactions such as using a telephone, eating, and speaking in public. Stuttering severity was classified as none, mild, moderate, or severe. Statistical analysis was employed to compare the prevalence of stuttering across different social scenarios between the two groups. Results: The presence of social anxiety was associated with higher instances of no stuttering during telephone use (86.7%), small group activities (60%), and eating in public (56.7%). In contrast, participants without social anxiety showed higher rates of mild stuttering in these situations (62%, 68%, and 50%, respectively). Social anxiety did not correlate with moderate or severe stuttering in any assessed situation. Conclusion: Social anxiety in adults who stutter correlates with a reduced frequency of stuttering in certain social situations. However, the absence of social anxiety is associated with an increased occurrence of mild stuttering. These findings suggest that social anxiety may have a mitigating effect on stuttering severity, highlighting the need for integrated clinical approaches to address both speech and psychological aspects of stuttering.

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Ingham, Roger J., Anne K. Cordes, Janis Costello Ingham, and Merrilyn L. Gow. "Identifying the Onset and Offset of Stuttering Events." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 38, no. 2 (April 1995): 315–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jshr.3802.315.

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This study was designed to investigate the apparent contradiction between recent reports of physiological and interpersonal research on stuttering that claim or imply high agreement levels, and studies of stuttering judgment agreement itself that report much lower agreement levels. Four experienced stuttering researchers in one university department used laser videodisks of spontaneous speech, from persons whose stuttering could be described as mild to severe, to locate the precise onset and offset of individual stuttering events. Results showed a series of interjudge disagreements that raise serious questions about the reliability and validity of stuttering event onset and offset judgments. These results highlight the potentially poor reliability of a measurement procedure that is currently widespread in stuttering research. At the same time, they have isolated some few highly agreed stuttering events that might serve as the basis for the further development of either event-based or interval-based judgment procedures.

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Lu, Airong. "Types of Symptoms and Their Orthopedic Treatment in Children With Stuttering." Asian Journal of Social Science Studies 7, no. 3 (March 28, 2022): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.20849/ajsss.v7i3.1039.

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Stuttering is a speech fluency disorder. Childhood is a high incidence period of stuttering, which has an important impact on children's daily communication with others. According to Howell, stuttering can be divided into two types: advancing and stalling. It is very important to distinguish different types of stuttering in children and intervene and treat them in time, which will be conducive to the recovery and healthy growth of stuttering children.

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Tellis, Glen. "Multicultural Considerations in Assessing and Treating Hispanic Americans who Stutter." Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders 18, no. 3 (November 2008): 101–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ffd18.3.101.

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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to provide speech-language pathologists with information that addresses multicultural perceptions about stuttering and suggestions for the assessment and treatment of stuttering in Hispanic Americans. The psychometric properties of the Stuttering Inventory for Hispanic Americans are discussed. Results indicate that this scale is reliable and valid. Overall, Hispanic Americans had positive perceptions about stuttering. Suggestions for evaluation and treatment of stuttering are provided.

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Tellis, Glen. "Cultural Considerations in Assessing and Treating African Americans Who Stutter." Perspectives on Fluency and Fluency Disorders 19, no. 1 (February 2009): 6–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/ffd19.1.6.

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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to provide speech-language pathologists with information that addresses cultural perceptions about stuttering and suggestions for assessment and treatment of stuttering in African Americans. The psychometric properties of the Stuttering Inventory for African Americans are discussed. Results indicate that this scale is reliable and valid. Overall, African Americans had positive perceptions about stuttering. Suggestions for evaluation and treatment of stuttering are provided.

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Ilić-Savić, Ivana, and Mirjana Petrović-Lazić. "Assessment of interpersonal anxiety in stutters." Psiholoska istrazivanja 24, no. 1 (2021): 63–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/psistra24-30565.

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Stuttering is defined as a speech disorder characterized by involuntary repetitions and prolongations of speech elements, i.e. voices, syllables or words. The evaluation of interpersonal anxiety in stuttering pathology should indicate and encourage a new perspective and provide a conceptual approach that has the potential to enable better understanding of the affective field of a stuttering person, thus completing a guide to stuttering rehabilitation. The aim of this study is to compare the degree of interpersonal anxiety of stuttering subjects and the typical population and the potential effect of age differences and different forms of stuttering on the degree of interpersonal anxiety. The sample included 48 subjects, 24 stuttering subjects and 24 non-stuttering subjects. Interpersonal anxiety was evaluated using the Willoughby questionnaire which assesses the degree of interpersonal anxiety. The obtained results show that the subjects who stutter are more anxious than the subjects of the typical population [F(1, 44) = 13.66, p <.01]. Stuttering subjects from the older age groups have exhibited a higher degree of interpersonal anxiety compared to younger subjects [F(1, 22) = 8.544, p <.01]. There are differences in the degree of interpersonal anxiety in people who stutter with respect to the form of stuttering [F(2, 21) = 80.83, p <.01] - the people who have a severe form of stuttering are more anxious than the people who have a mild and moderate form of stuttering. Studying of the relationships between these disorders is essential for strengthening and supplementing the existing prevention measures, but also for encouraging the development of new prevention programmes aimed at forestalling occurrence of anxiety by gaining the ability to successfully overcome emotional discomfort associated with speech. The obtained findings underscore the importance of stuttering assessment and therapy in adults and suggest that the integration of interventions by speech therapists and clinical psychologists could be beneficial for this population.

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Tichenor, Seth E., and J. Scott Yaruss. "Stuttering as Defined by Adults Who Stutter." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 62, no. 12 (December 18, 2019): 4356–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/2019_jslhr-19-00137.

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Purpose Numerous frameworks and definitions have sought to differentiate what behaviors and experiences should be considered as a part of stuttering. Nearly all of these efforts have been based on the perspectives and beliefs of conversational partners and listeners. This outside-in approach to defining stuttering lacks validation from people who live with the condition. Method In this study, 430 adults who stutter participated in a qualitative exploration of the term stuttering . Data were analyzed thematically to determine speakers' perspectives about moment of stuttering and the overall experience of stuttering in their lives. Results To adults who stutter, the term stuttering signifies a constellation of experiences beyond the observable speech disfluency behaviors that are typically defined as stuttering by listeners. Participants reported that the moment of stuttering often begins with a sensation of anticipation, feeling stuck, or losing control. This sensation may lead speakers to react in various ways, including affective, behavioral, and cognitive reactions that can become deeply ingrained as people deal with difficulties in saying what they want to say. These reactions can be associated with adverse impact on people's lives. This interrelated chain of events can be exacerbated by outside environmental factors, such as the reactions of listeners. Discussion Data from this survey provide novel evidence regarding what stuttering means to adults who stutter. These data are used to update the adaptation of the World Health Organization's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health as it applies to stuttering ( Yaruss & Quesal, 2004 ) to better account for the complex and individualized phenotype of stuttering and to develop a definition of the experience of stuttering that is based not only on the observations of listeners but also on the impact of stuttering on the lives of adults who stutter.

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Ambrose, Nicoline Grinager, Nancy J. Cox, and Ehud Yairi. "The Genetic Basis of Persistence and Recovery in Stuttering." Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research 40, no. 3 (June 1997): 567–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1044/jslhr.4003.567.

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Although past research has provided evidence of a genetic component to the transmission of susceptibility to stuttering, the relationship between the genetic component to stuttering and persistence and recovery in the disorder has remained unclear. In an attempt to characterize this relationship, the immediate and extended families of 66 stuttering children were investigated to determine frequencies of cases of persistent and recovered stuttering. Pedigree analysis and segregation analysis were used to examine patterns of transmission. The following questions were investigated: 1. Is there a sex effect in recovery from stuttering? Here, we sought to test the hypothesis that females are more likely to recover than males, leading to the change in sex ratio from approximately 2:1 males to females close to onset of the disorder, to 4 or 5:1 in adulthood. 2. Is persistence/recovery in stuttering transmitted in families? If recovery/persistence appears to be transmitted, (a) are recovered and persistent stuttering independent disorders?; (b) is recovery a genetically milder form of persistent stuttering?; or (c) is persistence/recovery transmitted independent of the primary susceptibility to stuttering? Results indicated sharply different sex ratios of persistent versus recovered stutterers in that recovery among females is more frequent than among males. It was found that recovery or persistence is indeed transmitted, and further, that recovery does not appear to be a genetically milder form of stuttering, nor do the two types of stuttering appear to be genetically independent disorders. Data are most consistent with the hypothesis that persistent and recovered stuttering possess a common genetic etiology, and that persistence is, in part, due to additional genetic factors. Segregation analyses supported these conclusions and provided statistical evidence for both a single major locus and polygenic component for persistent and recovered stuttering.

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Koç, Mustafa. "The effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on stuttering." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 38, no. 3 (April 1, 2010): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2010.38.3.301.

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The effects of the cognitive-behavioral approach to therapy on stuttering were examined. An experimental method was used as the research method and was carried out in 2 stages. In the first stage, the researcher investigated thinking, emotion, and the behavior of an individual towards stuttering. In the second stage, a description of stuttering and its frequency was formulated. The description was then applied as an educational program to treat stuttering. At the end of the cognitive-behavioral therapy, there was a significant reduction in stuttering behavior. Results showed that the cognitive-behavioral approach is effective for treating stuttering.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Stuttering'

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