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Journal articles on the topic 'Subscapularis'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Kellam, Patrick, Timothy Kahn, and Robert Z. Tashjian. "Anatomy of the Subscapularis: A Review." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty 3 (January 2019): 247154921984972. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2471549219849728.

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The subscapularis is the largest and most powerful muscle of the rotator cuff. Occupying the vast majority of the subscapular fossa, it is the only internal rotator of the rotator cuff. The subscapularis innervation is classically taught as a dual innervation of 1 upper subscapular and 1 lower subscapular nerve arising from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. However, there is a large amount of research that suggests there is significant variance in the innervation of the muscle from multiple upper subscapular nerves to multiple lower subscapular nerves arising from various portions of

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2

Pennock, Andrew T., W. Wesley Pennington, Michael R. Torry, et al. "The Influence of Arm and Shoulder Position on the Bear-Hug, Belly-Press, and Lift-Off Tests." American Journal of Sports Medicine 39, no. 11 (2011): 2338–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546510392710.

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Background: Clinical testing for the integrity of the subscapularis muscle includes the belly-press, lift-off, and bear-hug examinations. While these tests have been widely applied in clinical practice, there is considerable variation in arm positioning within each clinical examination. Hypothesis: To determine the ideal arm and shoulder positions for isolating the subscapularis muscle while performing the bear-hug, belly-press, and lift-off tests. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: The activity of 7 muscles was monitored in 20 healthy participants: upper and lower divisions o

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O’Malley, Michael P., Cameron Kia, Alex G. Dukas, et al. "Blinded Ultrasound Examination of the Subscapularis Following Anatomic Shoulder Arthroplasty." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty 3 (January 2019): 247154921983244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2471549219832442.

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Background The subscapularis tendon is commonly released during shoulder arthroplasty, and its integrity and repair postoperatively have been shown important to help maximize patient function. However, diagnosing subscapular tendon failure can be difficult with magnetic resonance imaging secondary to metal artifact as well as very costly. Purpose The purpose of this study was to assess the utility of ultrasound imaging in evaluating subscapularis integrity at specific time points following shoulder arthroplasty, in a blinded fashion. Secondarily, we report on the correlation between the condit

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Siwetz, Martin, Niels Hammer, Benjamin Ondruschka, and David C. Kieser. "Variations in Subscapularis Muscle Innervation—A Report on Case Series." Medicina 56, no. 10 (2020): 532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/medicina56100532.

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Background and objectives: The subscapularis muscle is typically innervated by two distinct nerve branches, namely the upper and lower subscapular nerve. These usually originate from the posterior cord of the brachial plexus. A large number of variations have been described in previous literature. Materials and Methods: Dissection was carried out in 31 cadaveric specimens. The frequency of accessory subscapular nerves was assessed and the distance from the insertion points of these nerves to the myotendinous junction was measured. Results: Accessory subscapular nerves were found in three cases

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Dunn, Robin, Christopher D. Joyce, and Jonathan T. Bravman. "Comparison of Subscapularis Management and Repair Techniques." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty 3 (January 2019): 247154921984815. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2471549219848152.

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Management of the subscapularis tendon is a crucial step during the approach for total shoulder arthroplasty. The method of mobilizing the tendon and the technique used to repair it determine the initial integrity of the subscapularis and impact its capacity to heal. Currently, there exist 3 well-described and well-studied approaches to managing and repairing the subscapularis: subscapularis tenotomy, subscapularis peel, and lesser tuberosity osteotomy. More recently, a subscapularis-sparing approach has been proposed as an option. There is debate in the literature regarding which technique pr

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Scheibel, Markus, Constanze Nikulka, Anton Dick, Ralf Juergen Schroeder, Ariane Gerber Popp, and Norbert P. Haas. "Structural Integrity and Clinical Function of the Subscapularis Musculotendinous Unit after Arthroscopic and Open Shoulder Stabilization." American Journal of Sports Medicine 35, no. 7 (2007): 1153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546507299446.

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Background Postoperative subscapularis dysfunction after open shoulder stabilization has recently received increasing attention. The potential advantage of arthroscopic stabilization procedures is that they do not violate the subscapularis musculotendinous unit, which might preserve its structural integrity and clinical function, which would lead to superior clinical results. Hypothesis Arthroscopic shoulder stabilization does not lead to clinical and radiological signs of subscapularis insufficiency. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods Twenty-two patients who underwent ar

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Yamakado, Kotaro. "Floating Subscapularis Tear: A Variation of the Partial Subscapularis Tear." Journal of Functional Morphology and Kinesiology 5, no. 1 (2020): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfmk5010011.

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A variation of subscapularis tear has been identified, named floating subscapularis, where the tendon is completely detached from the lesser tuberosity but is continuous with the tissue covering the bicipital groove. An accurate diagnosis can be made using arthroscopic observation with passive external and internal rotation of the affected shoulder, which shows mismatched movement between the humerus and the subscapularis tendon. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence of this particular tear pattern. Clinical records during the study period (from January 2011 to December 2017)

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Decker, Michael J., John M. Tokish, Henry B. Ellis, Michael R. Torry, and Richard J. Hawkins. "Subscapularis Muscle Activity during Selected Rehabilitation Exercises." American Journal of Sports Medicine 31, no. 1 (2003): 126–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465030310010601.

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Background The upper and lower portions of the subscapularis muscle are independently innervated and activated. Hypothesis Upper and lower portions of the subscapularis muscle demonstrate different activation levels and require different exercises for rehabilitation. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Fifteen healthy subjects performed seven shoulder-strengthening exercises. Electromyographic data were collected from the latissimus dorsi, teres major, pectoralis major, infraspinatus, supraspinatus, and upper and lower subscapularis muscles. Results Upper subscapularis muscle act

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9

Bornes, Troy D., Meaghan D. Rollins, Peter LC Lapner, and Martin J. Bouliane. "Subscapularis Management in Total Shoulder Arthroplasty: Current Evidence Comparing Peel, Osteotomy, and Tenotomy." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty 2 (January 2018): 247154921880777. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2471549218807772.

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The optimal approach to management of the subscapularis in total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is controversial. Options include the subscapularis tenotomy, lesser tuberosity osteotomy (LTO), and peel. This review provides a summary of subscapularis anatomy and function, outcomes associated with subscapularis management options in TSA, and postoperative subscapularis deficiency. Based on the available literature, LTO appears to result in improved function and subscapularis integrity relative to tenotomy, while peel and LTO have generally led to equivalent outcomes. The highest level of evidence

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Kim, Sung-Jae, Yun-Rak Choi, Min Jung, Won-Yong Lee, and Yong-Min Chun. "Isolated Subscapularis Repair in Irreparable Posterosuperior Massive Rotator Cuff Tears Involving the Subscapularis Tendon." American Journal of Sports Medicine 45, no. 6 (2017): 1269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546516688666.

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Background: No previous study has examined whether isolated subscapularis tendon repair in irreparable posterosuperior massive rotator tears involving the subscapularis tendon in relatively young patients without arthritis can yield satisfactory outcomes. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that this procedure would produce favorable outcomes in patients who might otherwise be candidates for reverse arthroplasty. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: This retrospective study included 24 patients in their 50s and 60s, without shoulder arthritis, who underwent arthroscopic isolated s

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Sohn, Hoon Sang, Duck In Baek, and Min Soo Shon. "Unusual Isolated Complete Tear of Subscapularis and Biceps Long Head Tendon Associated with Heterotopic Ossification." Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow 17, no. 3 (2014): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5397/cise.2014.17.3.127.

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Heterotopic ossification (HO) within the substance of the subscapularis tendon is a rare lesion which remains a poorly described condition with little known of the exact mechanisms involved. Furthermore, its clinical importance remains still unclear. To our knowledge, there are no studies present to data regarding HO within the substance of the subscapularis tendon, even with resultant isolated complete tear of the subscapularis tendon. Here we present a case of huge HO associated with unusual isolated complete tear of subscapularis tendon concomitant with tear of biceps long head tendon. Afte

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Clyde, Corey T., Thomas W. Throckmorton, and Thomas R. Duquin. "Subscapularis Peel in Anatomic Total Shoulder Arthroplasty." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty 2 (January 2018): 247154921881340. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2471549218813409.

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Background Anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty is a viable treatment option for patients with glenohumeral arthritis and an intact rotator cuff with successful outcomes. However, one complication is rupture of the subscapularis tendon postoperatively. Controversy exists regarding the optimal technique of subscapularis tendon management. The purpose of the present article is to review subscapularis peel repair method. Methods The current literature on anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty and subscapularis peel was reviewed to determine the viability of the repair technique. Results Both biomec

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Chauvet, Thomas, Emil Haritinian, Florian Baudin, Philippe Collotte, and Laurent Nové-Josserand. "The Invisible MGHL Test: Diagnostic Value and Benefits for the Repair of Retracted Subscapularis Tears." American Journal of Sports Medicine 48, no. 9 (2020): 2144–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546520929695.

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Background: Some full-thickness subscapularis tendon tears and partial tears of the deep layer are difficult to characterize, leading to misdiagnosis. Purpose: To evaluate the association between displacement of the middle glenohumeral ligament (MGHL) and retracted tears of the subscapularis tendon as a possible test to improve diagnosis. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Videos (N = 100) recorded during arthroscopic rotator cuff repair involving a torn subscapularis tendon were analyzed retrospectively to assess the association between the MGHL test (nonvisib

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Fandridis, Emmanouil, Michael-Alexander Malahias, Athena Plagou, Antonio Orgiani, Flaviis Luca, and Alessandro Castagna. "The Diagnostic Value of Subscapularis Clinical Tests in the Postoperative Diagnosis of Subscapularis Retears: An Ultrasound-Comparative Trial." Open Orthopaedics Journal 13, no. 1 (2019): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874325001913010001.

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Background: Different physical examination tests have been used to preoperatively determine both the presence and size of a primary subscapularis tear. On the contrary, no clinical trial has yet been published to assess the diagnostic validity of the aforementioned tests in diagnosing subscapularis retears after arthroscopic subscapularis repair. Objective: To investigate the diagnostic value of the most commonly used clinical tests in the diagnosis of subscapularis tendon retears after arthroscopic repair. Methods: A retrospective (prospectively collected data) case series involving 37 patien

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Haritinian, Emil George, Bogdan Sendrea, and Laurent Nove Josserand. "The Challenges of Arthroscopic Diagnosis of Subscapularis Tears." Revista de Chimie 69, no. 9 (2018): 2508–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.18.9.6564.

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Visualisation of subscapularis lesions is difficult during open surgery. Introduction of arthroscopic procedures for rotator cuff surgery improved the diagnosis of subscapularis tears, but it still can be more challenging than for other rotator cuff tendon tears. The SFA classification of subscapularis tears is reproducible and correlates well with the arthroscopic findings. The arthroscopic diagnosis of subscapularis tear is made easier by: shoulder internal rotation, biceps tenodesis, dissection of the rotator interval, recognition of the sentinel and comma signs.

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Lyons, Robert P., and Andrew Green. "Subscapularis Tendon Tears." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 13, no. 5 (2005): 353–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5435/00124635-200509000-00009.

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Kuntz, Andrew F., Ibrahim Raphael, Michael P. Dougherty, and Joseph A. Abboud. "Arthroscopic Subscapularis Repair." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 22, no. 2 (2014): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5435/00124635-201402000-00003.

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Kuntz, A. F., I. Raphael, M. P. Dougherty, and J. A. Abboud. "Arthroscopic Subscapularis Repair." Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 22, no. 2 (2014): 80–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5435/jaaos-22-02-80.

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Lenart, Brett A., and Jonathan B. Ticker. "Subscapularis tendon tears." EFORT Open Reviews 2, no. 12 (2017): 484–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1302/2058-5241.2.170015.

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Fox, Jeff A., Mayo A. Noerdlinger, and Anthony A. Romeo. "Arthroscopic Subscapularis Repair." Techniques in Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 4, no. 4 (2003): 154–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132589-200312000-00002.

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Piponov, Hristo I., Aneet S. Toor, and Lewis L. Shi. "Arthroscopic Subscapularis Repair." Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics 25, no. 1 (2015): 33–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/j.oto.2014.11.004.

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Fox, Jeff A., Mayo A. Noerdlinger, and Anthony A. Romeo. "Arthroscopic subscapularis repair." Operative Techniques in Orthopaedics 12, no. 3 (2002): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/otor.2002.36291.

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Park, Sang Ha, Suenghwan Jo, Mohamed Attia, and Young Lae Moon. "Subscapularis tendon tears." Arthroscopy and Orthopedic Sports Medicine 2, no. 2 (2015): 103–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14517/aosm15011.

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Yoon, Ji-Sang, Sung-Jae Kim, Yun-Rak Choi, Wonyong Lee, Sang Ho Kim, and Yong-Min Chun. "Medial Subluxation or Dislocation of the Biceps on Magnetic Resonance Arthrography Is Reliably Correlated with Concurrent Subscapularis Full-Thickness Tears Confirmed Arthroscopically." BioMed Research International 2018 (September 9, 2018): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2674061.

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Background. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between biceps medial subluxation/dislocation on the magnetic resonance arthrography (MRA) imaging and subscapularis full-thickness tear confirmed arthroscopically. We hypothesized that presence of a biceps medial subluxation or dislocation would strongly indicate a subscapularis full-thickness tear. Methods. A total of 432 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic repair for rotator cuff tears with/without subscapularis tears at our institute were retrospectively reviewed. The inclusion criterion of this study was

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Lee, Sung Hyun, Dae Jin Nam, Se Jin Kim, and Jeong Woo Kim. "Comparison of Clinical and Structural Outcomes by Subscapularis Tendon Status in Massive Rotator Cuff Tear." American Journal of Sports Medicine 45, no. 11 (2017): 2555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546517721187.

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Background: The subscapularis tendon is essential in maintaining normal glenohumeral biomechanics. However, few studies have addressed the outcomes of tears extending to the subscapularis tendon in massive rotator cuff tears. Purpose: To assess the clinical and structural outcomes of arthroscopic repair of massive rotator cuff tears involving the subscapularis. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Between January 2010 and January 2014, 122 consecutive patients with massive rotator cuff tear underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Overall, 122 patients were enrolled (m

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Sachs, Raymond A., Bradley Williams, Mary Lou Stone, Liz Paxton, and Mary Kuney. "Open Bankart Repair." American Journal of Sports Medicine 33, no. 10 (2005): 1458–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546505275350.

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Background The potential weakness of the open Bankart procedure is the takedown and repair of the subscapularis tendon. It is not known to what extent this part of the procedure affects the final result. Hypothesis The function of the subscapularis muscle after surgery will be related to the patient's perception of surgical success. Study Design Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods A total of 30 patients with traumatic anterior instability had an open Bankart repair by a single surgeon. These patients were observed for a mean of 4 years. At final follow-up, the patients filled out 3 sel

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Jun, Yong Cheol, Young Lae Moon, Havinder Dev Bhardwaj, Jae Hwan Lim, and Dong Hyuk Cha. "The Volume of Subscapularis Muscle Remains Unaffected by Supraspinatus Tendon Tears: Three-dimensionally Reconstructed Magnetic Resonance Imaging Analysis." Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow 22, no. 1 (2019): 3–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5397/cise.2019.22.1.3.

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Background: This study aimed to compare the subscapularis muscle volume between the intact groups (group I) and supraspinatus tendon tear groups (group T) based on the sex and three different age groups.Methods: Subjects with a group I and subjects with group T without any other lesions were retrospectively evaluated from among patients who received a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan between January 2011 and December 2013. The MRI scans were studied by a consultant radiologist. The subscapularis muscle volume was compared according to the age and sex; the age groups were categorized as pa

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Erickson, Brandon J., Yousef Shishani, Meghan E. Bishop, et al. "Subscapularis Repair During Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty Using a Stem-Based Double-Row Repair: Sonographic and Clinical Outcomes." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 3 (2020): 232596712090680. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120906806.

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Background: Treatment of the subscapularis in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) is a controversial topic, with conflicting evidence regarding outcomes after repair. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to report clinical and sonographic outcomes of a through-implant double-row suture technique for subscapularis repair in RTSA and to compare clinical outcomes and range of motion (ROM) between patients with an intact subscapularis tendon repair versus those whose tendon repair was not intact. The authors hypothesized that the novel repair technique would find more than 80%

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Mihata, Teruhisa, Thay Q. Lee, Akihiko Hasegawa, et al. "Arthroscopic Superior Capsule Reconstruction for Irreparable Rotator Cuff Tears: Comparison of Clinical Outcomes With and Without Subscapularis Tear." American Journal of Sports Medicine 48, no. 14 (2020): 3429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546520965993.

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Background: Arthroscopic superior capsule reconstruction (SCR) was developed to restore shoulder superior stability, muscle balance, and function in patients with irreparable posterior-superior rotator cuff tears. Purpose: To assess the effects of concomitant subscapularis tendon tear, which may reduce glenohumeral stability and force coupling, on clinical outcomes of SCR for irreparable posterior-superior rotator cuff tears. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: In total, 193 patients with irreparable posterior-superior rotator cuff tears underwent arthroscopic SCR using

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D’Addesi, Leonard L., Ammar Anbari, Matthew W. Reish, Shyam Brahmabhatt, and John D. Kelly. "The Subscapularis Footprint: An Anatomic Study of the Subscapularis Tendon Insertion." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 22, no. 9 (2006): 937–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2006.04.101.

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Malavolta, Eduardo Angeli, Verônica Yulin Prieto Chang, Marcello TraballiBozzi Pinto de Castro, et al. "EFFECT OF SUBSCAPULARIS TEARS ON FUNCTIONAL SCORES OF PATIENTS UNDERGOING ROTATOR CUFF REPAIR." Acta Ortopédica Brasileira 27, no. 2 (2019): 116–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1413-785220192702214524.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the influence of partial- and full-thickness upper third subscapularis tendon tears on the functional scores of patients undergoing arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Methods: Patients who underwent arthroscopic rotator cuff repair were divided into three groups according to the subscapularis tendon condition: intact, partial-thickness tear, or full-thickness upper third tear. Functional scores were compared among groups. Second, the influence of biceps and infraspinatus tears on the scores was tested using multivariate regression analysis. Results: We evaluated

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Kim, Hyungsuk, Hyun Seok Song, Seung Gu Kang, and Sung Bin Han. "Rotating Arm Internally Can Change the Arthroscopic Diagnosis of a Partial-thickness Tear of the Subscapularis." Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow 22, no. 3 (2019): 135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5397/cise.2019.22.3.135.

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Background: The aims of this study were (1) to examine the footprint of the subscapularis tendon using the traditional posterior portal and 30° arthroscope by simple internal rotation of the arm during surgery, and (2) to classify the pattern of a subscapularis partial-thickness tear.Methods: This study analyzed a total of 231 patients with a partial-thickness subscapularis tear from 550 consecutive patients undergoing an arthroscopic operation who had a visualization of the subscapularis tendon footprint by internal rotation of the arm. First, the patients were classified into four categories

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Monroe, Emily J., Sergio E. Flores, Alan L. Zhang, Brian T. Feeley, Drew A. Lansdown, and C. Benjamin Ma. "Do Outcomes of Arthroscopic Subscapularis Tendon Repairs Depend on Rotator Cuff Fatty Infiltration?" Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 4 (2020): 232596712091303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120913036.

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Background: Rotator cuff fatty infiltration has been correlated with poorer radiographic and clinical outcomes in supraspinatus and infraspinatus tendon repairs, but this has not been well-studied in subscapularis tendon repairs. Purpose: To evaluate the influence of preoperative rotator cuff fatty infiltration on postoperative outcomes for patients undergoing arthroscopic subscapularis tendon repair. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: Patients who underwent arthroscopic subscapularis repair between 2010 and 2016 were retrospectively identified, and demographic data and

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Pisan, Markus, and Christian Gerber. "Repair of the Subscapularis." Techniques in Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 1, no. 3 (2000): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00132589-200001030-00002.

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Burkhart, Stephen S., and Armin M. Tehrany. "Arthroscopic subscapularis tendon repair." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 18, no. 5 (2002): 454–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1053/jars.2002.30648.

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Shah, Maulin M., Nischal Naik, Tejas Patel, Gaurav Gupta, and Akash Makadia. "Minimally Invasive Subscapularis Release." Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 40, no. 6 (2020): e466-e472. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bpo.0000000000001458.

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Singh, Rohit A., Bessam Ahmed, Bruce A. Hay, and Stuart M. Hay. "The Subscapularis Splitting Technique." Techniques in Shoulder & Elbow Surgery 15, no. 4 (2014): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bte.0000000000000034.

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Martetschläger, Frank, Daniel Rios, Olivier van der Meijden, and Peter J. Millett. "Subscapularis Tendon Repair Options." Techniques in Shoulder & Elbow Surgery 13, no. 2 (2012): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bte.0b013e31824b2e54.

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Lucas, Robert M., Jaicharan J. Iyengar, C. Benjamin Ma, and Brian T. Feeley. "Management of Subscapularis Tears." Techniques in Shoulder & Elbow Surgery 13, no. 2 (2012): 90–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/bte.0b013e31824d61b5.

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Bartl, Christoph, Gian M. Salzmann, Gernot Seppel, et al. "Subscapularis Function and Structural Integrity After Arthroscopic Repair of Isolated Subscapularis Tears." American Journal of Sports Medicine 39, no. 6 (2011): 1255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546510396317.

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Swanik, Kathleen A., Kellie Huxel Bliven, and Charles Buz Swanik. "Rotator-Cuff Muscle-Recruitment Strategies During Shoulder Rehabilitation Exercises." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 20, no. 4 (2011): 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.20.4.471.

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Context:There are contradictory data on optimal muscle-activation strategies for restoring shoulder stability. Further investigation of neuromuscular-control strategies for glenohumeral-joint stability will guide clinicians in decisions regarding appropriate rehabilitation exercises.Objectives:To determine whether subscapularis, infraspinatus, and teres minor (anteroposterior force couple) muscle activation differ between 4 shoulder exercises and describe coactivation ratios and individual muscle-recruitment characteristics of rotator-cuff muscles throughout each shoulder exercise.Design:Cross

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Bigdon, Sebastian F., Lilianna Bolliger, Christoph E. Albers, Philippe Collin, and Matthias A. Zumstein. "Subscapularis in Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Arthroplasty 3 (January 2019): 247154921983419. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2471549219834192.

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The use of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) is becoming increasingly popular, but many biomechanical aspects are poorly understood. Particularly, the role and function of the subscapularis following RSA are unclear. Several clinical and biomechanical studies have analyzed its role in range of motion and stability. There is some evidence that the subscapularis is beneficial for stability but may reduce range of motion. This review provides an overview of the current literature, which suggests that the subscapularis may have a more important role in RSA than originally thought.

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Çetinkaya, Mehmet, Muhammet Baybars Ataoğlu, Mustafa Özer, Tacettin Ayanoğlu, Ahmet Yiğit Kaptan, and Ulunay Kanatlı. "Superior labrum almost always tears following subscapularis injuries." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5, no. 2_suppl2 (2017): 2325967117S0006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117s00063.

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Purpose and Hypothesis: The subscapularis tendon is the major medial support of the long head of biceps tendon (LHBT). Thus, tears of subscapularis may cause biceps tendon subluxation or dislocation. A subluxated biceps tendon may cause a superior labrum injury because of the changed direction of the biceps tendon pulling vector. The purpose of this study is to express the frequency of superior labrum anterior posterior (SLAP) lesions accompanying subscapularis tears. Methods: The digital files of 2010 patients who underwent shoulder arthroscopy were reviewed retrospectively. 141 videos of 141

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Park, Joo Hyun, Kwang Yeol Lee, Sung Min Rhee, and Joo Han Oh. "A Correlation Study of Clinical Outcomes by Quantification of Fatty Degeneration of the Subscapularis: Partial vs. Whole Cross-section." Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow 21, no. 2 (2018): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5397/cise.2018.21.2.67.

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BACKGROUND: Fatty degeneration of rotator cuff is a well-known predictor of postoperative outcome. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical features of rotator cuff tears involving subscapularis, and investigate whether fatty degeneration quantified from only the upper subscapularis correlates better with clinical outcomes than quantified from the whole subscapularis.METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 315 consecutive patients who underwent arthroscopic repair for rotator cuff tears involving subscapularis with a minimum follow-up of 1 year. Preoperative and postoperative visual

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Ide, Junji, Akinari Tokiyoshi, Jun Hirose, and Hiroshi Mizuta. "An Anatomic Study of the Subscapularis Insertion to the Humerus: The Subscapularis Footprint." Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery 24, no. 7 (2008): 749–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.arthro.2008.02.009.

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Watson, Adam C., Richard P. Jamieson, Andrew C. Mattin, and Richard S. Page. "Magnetic resonance imaging based coracoid morphology and its associations with subscapularis tears: a new index." Shoulder & Elbow 11, no. 1_suppl (2017): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1758573217744170.

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Background We aimed to assess the validity of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in assessing the subcorocoid space and determine the validity of novel sagittal plane subcorocoid space measurements. Methods We assessed 33 arthroscopically proven subscapularis tears with MRIs compared to 33 (instability) controls with normal subscapularis tendons. Three examiners analyzed MRIs for seven static indices of corocoid morphology, in axial and sagittal planes. We explored reviewer variation using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and differences between the two groups was explored using t-tests

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Nourissat, G., A. Hooke, L. Berglund, A. Thoreson, KN An, and JD Werthel. "Effect of the location of the split of the subscapularis on range of motion and stability of the glenohumeral joint following Latarjet or Trillat procedures." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 7, no. 5_suppl3 (2019): 2325967119S0020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967119s00202.

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Aim: Compare the effect of Latarjet and Trillat procedures on glenohumeral stability and range of motion. Background: Little is known about the impact of the location of the sling effect on joint stability and range of motion. Methods: 12 cadaveric shoulders were cleaned of soft tissue except for the subscapularis, conjoined tendon, and anterior capsule. A custom-made apparatus generating anterior humeral translation and joint compression was used. The machine applied compression load in the medial direction. The subscapularis and conjoint tendon were loaded. Internal/external range of motion

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Corona, Katia, Simone Cerciello, Gianluca Ciolli, et al. "Clinical Outcomes and Joint Stability after Lateralized Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty with and without Subscapularis Repair: A Meta-Analysis." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 14 (2021): 3014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10143014.

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Introduction: Subscapularis tendon repair in reverse total shoulder arthroplasty represents a potentially modifiable risk factor for dislocation, and its role continues to be debated. The purpose of the present meta-analysis was to compare the outcomes of the primary lateralized RSAs with and without subscapularis repair in terms of range of motion, clinical outcomes, dislocations, and complications rate. Materials and Methods: A systematic literature search in MEDLINE (Pubmed), Embase, and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database was carried up to December 2020. A data extr

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Nicholson, Gregory P., Stacy Twigg, Brice Blatz, Barbara Sturonas-Brown, and Joseph Wilson. "Subscapularis lengthening in shoulder arthroplasty." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 19, no. 3 (2010): 427–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jse.2009.05.017.

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CGM, Meskers, Arwert HJ, and PM Rozing. "Electromyography of the subscapularis muscle." Journal of Shoulder and Elbow Surgery 5, no. 2 (1996): S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1058-2746(96)80216-3.

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