Relevant bibliographies by topics / Subsidiya

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Subsidiya'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Subsidiya"

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Odina, Shodmonova. "DAVLAT MOLIYA TIZIMIDA MAHALLIY EHTIYOJNI QOPLASH USULLARI SHARHI." ilm-fan 1, no. 15 (2023): 128–30. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8073411.

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Wijaya, Rizki Aprilian, and Subhechanis Saptanto. "PERSEPSI DAN STRATEGI ADAPTASI NELAYAN TERHADAP ISU PENCABUTAN SUBSIDI BBM." Jurnal Kebijakan Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan 4, no. 2 (2014): 185. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jksekp.v4i2.608.

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Bahan Bakar Minyak (BBM) merupakan input produksi penting bagi nelayan. Pada awal tahun2014, terdapat wacana untuk menghapus subsidi BBM untuk nelayan. Tulisan ini bertujuan untukmenganalis persepsi nelayan terhadap kemungkinan kebijakan pencabutan subsidi BBM dan menganalisisstrategi adaptasi nelayan terhadap kemungkinan pencabutan subsidi BBM. Lokasi penelitian berada diPelabuhan Perikanan Samudera (PPS) Nizam Zachman dan Pelabuhan Pendaratan Perikanan (PPI)Muara Angke di Provinsi D.K.I. Jakarta. Penelitian dilakukan melalui pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulandata dilakukan melalui wawancara
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Xue, Yuemei, Lili Ding, and Kee-hung Lai. "Designing Subsidy Scheme for Marine Disaster Index Insurance in China." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 10 (2022): 1552. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101552.

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Designing an optimal subsidy scheme for marine disaster index insurance (MDII) for households in coastal areas of China remains a managerial challenge. The issue of subsidies for disaster insurance has received extensive research attention, but extant studies are confined to the issue of whether to subsidize, lacking focus on how and how much to subsidize. In the existing marine disaster index insurance pilots in China, there are varying levels and scales of subsidies in spite of premium subsidies. To design an optimal subsidy scheme for marine disaster index insurance in China, this paper pro
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Lee, Jaemin. "Subsidies for Illegal Activities?—Reframing IUU Fishing from the Law Enforcement Perspective." Journal of International Economic Law 22, no. 3 (2019): 417–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgz017.

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ABSTRACT Fisheries subsidies norms and discussions at present are based on the subsidy framework under the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures. This approach is pertinent vis-à-vis various types of governmental subsidies provided to fisheries industries. It, however, fails to tackle illegal, unreported and unregulated (IUU) fishing, one of the core targets of the fisheries subsidies norms, because few governments ‘subsidize’ illegal activities such as IUU. As far as IUU fishing is concerned, the real challenge is not about subsidies but about how to enforce domestic laws and reg
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Cao, Jingjing, Tianyi Guo, and Yan Chen. "Modeling Government Subsidy Strategies for Railway Carriers: Environmental Impacts and Industry Competition." Mathematics 11, no. 14 (2023): 3049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11143049.

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In this paper, we investigate the government’s optimal subsidy strategy for the China–Europe Railway Express (CERE) considering environmental impacts and industry competition. Specifically, we consider three subsidy options: no subsidies, subsidies to CERE carriers, and subsidies to shippers. A game theory framework is developed to analyze the problem of developing a sustainable supply chain consisting of the government, competitive carriers, and shippers. First of all, we find that for the government, indirect subsidies to CERE carriers and direct subsidies to shippers lead to the same total
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Akritidis, Vassilis, and Jean Baptiste Blancardi. "Analysis Of The Foreign Subsidies Regulation From An International Trade Law Perspective On Trade In Goods." Global Trade and Customs Journal 18, Issue 10 (2023): 380–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2023048.

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The Foreign Subsidies Regulation contains provisions enabling the Commission to launch ex officio investigations into foreign subsidies distorting the internal market. The legislation is designed to be complementary to existing anti-subsiding rules and follows a logic that is reminiscent of the European competition law. This article discusses its applicability in the field of trade in goods and the risks of inconsistency with the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures (SCM). Foreign Subsidies Regulation, Foreign subsidies, Industrial subsidies, Basic
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Shao, Yunhong, Chunqin Zhang, Daoyou Wang, Jing Zhou, and Min Hong. "Optimizing the Subsidy Calculation Model of Urban Public Transport." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (July 19, 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5536801.

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In recent years, to alleviate and resolve the traffic problems in China, the government introduced a series of policies to subsidize public transportation. Accordingly, to effectively implement these financial subsidies, the formulation of a scientific model of urban public transport subsidy calculation, strict control of the total amount of financial subsidies, and clear identification of subsidy targets are necessary. In this study, a linear dual model is developed based on the principle of resource allocation and the economic meaning of shadow prices. The public transportation system of a c
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Jiang, Wen, and Xian Qi. "Pricing and assembly rate decisions for a prefabricated construction supply chain under subsidy policies." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (2022): e0261896. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0261896.

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Prefabricated construction has attracted worldwide concern and promotion due to its environmental friendliness, high quality, and high efficiency. In China, the application of prefabricated construction still lags due to its high cost. To improve prefabricated construction development, the Chinese government and provinces have launched subsidy policies for different objects that offer subsidies to the assembler, the manufacturer, or consumers. Subsidy policies for different subsidy objects have different impacts on the manufacturer wholesale price and assembler retail price and assembly rate a
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Seda, Petrus Pidi, Supriyadi Supriyadi, and Samsul Wahidin. "Kedudukan Program Subsidi Bahan Bakar Minyak dan Penghapusannya dalam Perspektif Teori Negara Kesejahteraan." MLJ Merdeka Law Journal 1, no. 2 (2020): 112–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.26905/mlj.v2i1.5533.

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Indonesia is a country that adopts the concept of a welfare state. The welfare state refers to the role of the government which is responsible for managing and organizing the people's economy. The state is expected to be able to carry out its responsibility to ensure the availability of basic rights welfare services for its citizens. The provision of subsidies is a government program to ensure the welfare of the people. The research objective is to examine the position of the subsidy program from the perspective of the welfare state and the elimination of fuel subsidies by the government as a
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Yuan, Shengjun, Jie Li, and Xin Su. "Impact of Government Subsidy Strategies on Supply Chains Considering Carbon Emission Reduction and Marketing Efforts." Sustainability 14, no. 5 (2022): 3111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14053111.

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This study analyzes the impact of different government subsidies on supply chain members under the low-carbon policy. Using the theory and the Stackelberg game method, we derive the equilibrium decision of diverse government subsidy models on the carbon emission reduction efforts and marketing efforts of supply chain members when manufacturers are dominant. We found that government subsidies positively influenced the carbon emission reduction efforts and marketing efforts of supply chain members and could increase the overall profit of the supply chain and the overall welfare of society. Meanw
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Subsidiya"

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Pan, Yue M. C. P. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Optimal subsidy policy to promote building energy efficiency under uncertainty : the case for architectural design subsidies." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/105059.

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Thesis: M.C.P., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2016.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 52-54).<br>The goal of this thesis is to examine the relative cost-effectiveness of subsidies in incentivizing energy efficiency investment using a real option framework. I generalize a model of a sequential investment project involving two stages, design and construction stage, and investment lags and incorporate explicit consideration of dynamic subsidies. I apply this model to green construction projects
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Collins, Katherine Rachel Hermsen Joan M. "Examining the provision of child care subsidies across Missouri counties the relationship between local dynamics and CCDF subsidy supply /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6077.

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The entire thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file; a non-technical public abstract appears in the public.pdf file. Title from PDF of title page (University of Missouri--Columbia, viewed on October 7, 2009) Thesis advisor: Dr. Joan Hermsen. Includes bibliographical references.
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Shim, Jae Hyun. "The reform of energy subsidies for the enhancement of marine sustainability an empirical analysis of energy subsidies worldwide and an in-depth case study of South Korea's energy subsidy policies /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 340 p, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1264630781&sid=4&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Klinavičiūtė, Eglė. "Apsauga nuo neigiamo subsidijų poveikio tarptautinei prekybai." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2013. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2013~D_20130626_091934-69596.

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Subsidijos yra vienas iš sudėtingiausių ir daugiausia ginčų sukeliančių tarptautinės teisės klausimų. Viena vertus, vyriausybės teikia subsidijas siekdamos visiškai teisėtų nacionalinės ekonominės ir socialinės politikos tikslų. Tačiau, kita vertus, subsidijos gali sukelti nenumatytus tarptautinės prekybos iškraipymus. Dėl jų neigiamo poveikio subsidijos yra sudėtingo tarptautinės ir viršvalstybinės teisės normų rinkinio, kuriuo siekiama atskirti ir reguliuoti „nesąžiningas“ subsidijas, subjektas. Šiame magistro darbe nagrinėjama apsaugos nuo neigiamo subsidijų poveikio prekybos partnerių inte
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Villers, Trevor. "A thematic analysis of recent PHARMAC new medicines' subsidy decisions." Click here to access this resource online, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10292/386.

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PHARMAC, the Pharmaceutical Management Agency, manages the Pharmaceutical Schedule on behalf of the Government. The Agency is tasked with securing the best health outcomes that are reasonably achievable from pharmaceutical treatment and from within the amount of funding provided (§ 47 NZPHD Act, 2000). The Agency reports that it continues to improve New Zealanders’ access to funded medicines. In determining which pharmaceuticals to fund, PHARMAC’s Operating Policies and Procedures (OPPs) state that nine criteria guide its decision- making. The OPPs further state that PHARMAC can apply whatever
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Mochusi, Refilwe Solomon. "The effectiveness of youth empowerment wage subsidy on job creation in Makhado Local Municipality." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1722.

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Thesis ( M.Dev.) --University of Limpopo, 2016<br>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of Youth Empowerment Subsidy Tax Incentive emanating from South Africa’s Employment Tax Incentive Act of 2013, dedicated towards reducing youth unemployment. The scheme targets youth in the ages of between 15 and 29. The research used Triangulation Research Design approach, and questionnaire, interview and observation were used for data collection. These were statistically and thematically analysed. The results showed that the scheme lacked advocacy, and the people were not w
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Swanepoel, Ilze. "A Proposed System-Based Subsidy Approach for Integrated Public Transport in South African Metropolitan Areas." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2266.

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Thesis (MComm (Logistics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.<br>ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The current subsidy system, designed to make South Africa’s public transport more affordable, has instead contributed to a worsening of the existent neglected state of affairs. Although subsidy policies are in place, misdirected allocation renders them mostly ineffective. The implementation of the new integrated public transport systems for metropolitan areas affords an opportunity to adopt a broad spectrum approach and initiate a redesigned and improved subsidy system. The purpose of this study is to asse
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Vélez-Ospina, Jorge Andrés. "Three empirical essays on R&D subsidies and innovation in firms." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667754.

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Esta tesis consta de tres ensayos organizados en tres capítulos. El hilo común es que todos ellos están relacionados con la economía de la innovación y la política de innovación. En particular, los tres ensayos proporcionan nueva evidencia empírica sobre la asignación y el impacto del apoyo público a las actividades de innovación de las empresas en dos países diferentes. El capítulo introductoruo comienza describiendo los tres ensayos de manera general y se se centra en la política de innovación y describe las razones de la intervención política. Posteriormente describe de manera detallada cad
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Ogawa, Hikaru. "Tax Competition, Spillovers, and Subsidies." 名古屋大学大学院経済学研究科附属国際経済政策研究センター, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/11926.

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McNamara, Kevin. "Subsidies, Agriculture, & Climate Change." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2015. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1223.

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This paper looks at the impact of agricultural subsidies on beef production in the fifty states of America, due to the adverse effects that large-scale agriculture production has on the Earth's climate. I examine production, sales, and employment data from the 2012 and 2007 USDA Agriculture Census to examine if there is or isn't a link between these factors and the level of beef subsidies received by each state.
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Books on the topic "Subsidiya"

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Bok, A. J. Subsidies. Kluwer, 2002.

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Westra, K. M. Subsidies. Boom Juridische Uitgevers, 2001.

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Hills, John. Twenty-first century housing subsidies: Durable rent-fixing and subsidy arrangements for social housing. Welfare State Programme, 1988.

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Georges, Nachtergael, and Fondation égyptologique reine Élisabeth, eds. Subsidia papyrologica 2.0. Fondation égyptologique reine Elisabeth, 2004.

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Lena, Fiks, ed. Subsidii. Ministerstvo absorbt͡sii, Departament informat͡sii i publikat͡sii, 2010.

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Wren, Colin. Industrial Subsidies. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230372573.

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Pasha, Hafiz A. Hidden subsidies. Social Policy and Development Centre, 2003.

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R, Gerritse, and Instituut voor Onderzoek van Overheidsuitgaven (Hague, Netherlands), eds. Producer subsidies. Pinter, 1990.

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Noël, Merino, ed. Agricultural subsidies. Greenhaven Press, 2009.

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Pasha, Hafiz A. Hidden subsidies. Social Policy and Development Centre], 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Subsidiya"

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Moerenhout, Tom. "Energy Subsidies." In The Palgrave Handbook of International Energy Economics. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86884-0_27.

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AbstractEnergy subsidies are widespread among OECD and non-OECD countries and exist for all energy types. Governments often give noble and legitimate rationales for the introduction and continuation of various energy subsidies, but the reality of energy subsidy policies is nearly always more complex than the stated rationale. Governments have tried to balance the energy trilemma by implementing several types of energy subsidies at once. This has resulted in a complex political economy of pervasive subsidies across energy production and consumption. Even when some policy priorities clearly chan
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Babst, Gordon A. "Subsidies." In Encyclopedia of Global Justice. Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9160-5_393.

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Barcelona, Ricardo G. "Subsidies." In Energy Investments. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-59139-5_10.

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Balkenhol, Bernd. "Subsidies." In Microfinance. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315187976-8.

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Wren, Colin. "Introduction." In Industrial Subsidies. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230372573_1.

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Wren, Colin. "Industrial Assistance in Pre-War Britain." In Industrial Subsidies. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230372573_2.

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Wren, Colin. "The Legislative Basis for Industrial Intervention (1940–63)." In Industrial Subsidies. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230372573_3.

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Wren, Colin. "The Expansion of Industrial Assistance (1960s)." In Industrial Subsidies. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230372573_4.

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Wren, Colin. "The Retrenchment and Reinvigoration of Industrial Subsidies (1970–4)." In Industrial Subsidies. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230372573_5.

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Wren, Colin. "The Heyday of Industrial Assistance (Late 1970s)." In Industrial Subsidies. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230372573_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "Subsidiya"

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Fangri, F., D. Krisnadi, F. V. Ferdinand, H. Margaretha, and E. Jobiliong. "Crisis Management in Catastrophe Insurance: Applying Bühlmann-Straub, Subsidy, and Cross-Subsidy Methods in Indonesia." In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management (IEEM). IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ieem62345.2024.10857101.

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Zambrano Tapia, Gustavo. "Análisis crítico del Subsidio Diferenciado a la Localización." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7658.

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Existe consenso en que la política habitacional en Chile ha tenido grandes éxitos en la disminución del déficit de viviendas producto de la masiva construcción de conjuntos de viviendas sociales los últimos años, especialmente gracias a una importante cifra de subsidios –a la demanda– otorgados. Sin embargo, producto del impacto creciente que tiene el valor del suelo en el costo final de la vivienda, junto con erráticas políticas urbanas, estos conjuntos se han concentrado en las periferias de las ciudades, socio espacialmente segregados del resto de la ciudad. Este estudio viene a presentar e
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Sandquist, Gary M., and Jay F. Kunze. "Comparative Study of Government Subsidization of U.S. Electrical Energy Sources." In 18th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone18-29327.

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Perception that U.S. government energy subsidies have favored nuclear energy at expense of renewables (hydroelectric, wind, solar, geothermal) is not supported by facts. Largest beneficiaries between 1950 and 2006 from federal energy subsidies have been oil and gas receiving more than half of all federal incentives. Primary subsidy for nuclear energy has been R&amp;D. Evaluating the actual electrical energy produced resulting from government subsidy support shows that wind and solar have cost taxpayers 355mils/kWh, coal 1.53 mils/kWh, nuclear 3.8 mils/kWh and hydro at 5.88 mils/kWh. Average co
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Murray, Mária, and Alexandra Mertinková. "Štátne dotácie pre mimovládne neziskové organizácie na Slovensku." In XXIV. mezinárodního kolokvia o regionálních vědách. Masaryk University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5817/cz.muni.p210-9896-2021-78.

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The task of mapping the existing procedures and methodologies of subsidies provided from the state budget in terms of efficiency, transparency and effectiveness and proposing their evaluation, the Office of the Plenipotentiary of the Government of the Slovak Republic for Civil Society Development resulted from the Strategy of Civil Society Development in Slovakia Action Plan 2019-2020. The analysis is based on research solved for the needs of practice and focuses on ministries, central state administration bodies and funds of the Slovak Republic, which is a total of 21 institutions that provid
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Barman, Siddharth, Anand Krishna, Yadati Narahari, and Soumyarup Sadhukhan. "Achieving Envy-Freeness with Limited Subsidies under Dichotomous Valuations." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/9.

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We study the problem of allocating indivisible goods among agents in a fair manner. While envy-free allocations of indivisible goods are not guaranteed to exist, envy-freeness can be achieved by additionally providing some subsidy to the agents. These subsidies can be alternatively viewed as a divisible good (money) that is fractionally assigned among the agents to realize an envy-free outcome. In this setup, we bound the subsidy required to attain envy-freeness among agents with dichotomous valuations, i.e., among agents whose marginal value for any good is either zero or one. We prove that,
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Cvetkoska, Violeta. "Unraveling Air Pollution Dynamics Under the Influence of Fossil Fuel Subsidies: The Cases of Slovenia and North Macedonia." In 8th FEB International Scientific Conference. University of Maribor Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.epf.5.2024.27.

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Purpose – Addressing the imperative of sustainable development and environmental conservation, this study investigates the intricate relationship between carbon dioxide emissions and annual fossil fuel subsidies in Slovenia and North Macedonia. Methodology/Approach – Utilizing regression analysis aligned with the indicators of the twelfth Sustainable Development Goal (SDG), we discern trends in sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, nitrogen monoxide, and total suspended particulate matter emissions. Findings – For every billion dollars in subsidies, North Macedonia experiences an average annual red
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Guix Santandreu, Arnau. "The Failure of Bureaucracy on “Nextgenerationeu” Funds Destined to Refurbishing Buildings in Catalonia." In 7th FEB International Scientific Conference. University of Maribor, University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/um.epf.3.2023.39.

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The deployment of the «NextGenerationEU» (NG) funds is an exceptional and multifaceted moment. In Spain, among other objectives, such resources help finance the refurbishment of buildings and dwellings with the ultimate goal of increasing the energy efficiency and sustainability standards. Therefore, subsidies contribute to the struggle against the climate crisis and the European energy dependence. Under the framework of the Royal Decree 853/2021, the central government of Spain has regulated six subsidy programmes for such purposes. Regions are entitled to distribute the funds and deploy thei
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Di, Ruan, Zhang Chengsheng, Ye Nan, Ye Yingjin, and Lin Hongyang. "Cross-Subsidy Accounting Method and Balancing Mechanism in Electricity Market Considering Precise and Explicit Subsidies." In 2023 8th Asia Conference on Power and Electrical Engineering (ACPEE). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/acpee56931.2023.10135854.

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Daidola, John C. "Evaluating Feebates for Decarbonization by Required Freight Rate." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2022-016.

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The economics of ship operations are investigated when a feebate system of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) tax levies or subsidies are applied. The CO2e intensity of the ship has been proposed as a means of aiding achieving the IMO goals for reduced shipping emissions. The intended impact on operational costs should spur behavior to reduce emissions, introduce more efficient ships and change to lower carbon fuels. The Required Freight Rate (RFR) was first proposed in the 1960’s as a way to analyze the economic features of a particular ship and its service over its lifetime. It proved to be a
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Országhová, Dana, and Mária Farkašová. "Comparison of Selected Indicators of Higher Education Financing in Slovakia in Disruptive Times." In 7th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2023 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31410/eman.2023.189.

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Universities are scientific-pedagogical institutions where teaching and research take place, and outputs of tertiary education are qualified gradu­ates for the needs of social practice in the labour market. In Slovakia, the subsi­dy for wages and insurance premiums is the largest part of the financial subsidy provided from the state budget for universities, which is earmarked. Since 2011, this subsidy has been derived from the performance of a specific university, which is quantitatively expressed based on the number of students, the imple­mented teaching and outputs of publication and project
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Reports on the topic "Subsidiya"

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Zhuawu, Collin, and Kartikeya Garg. Assessing the Impact of Fossil Fuel Subsidy Reforms in Commonwealth Developing Countries. Commonwealth Secretariat, 2023. https://doi.org/10.14217/comsec.1123.

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In 2021, the world spent more than US$520 billion to subsidise fossil fuels.1 This could have paid for COVID-19 vaccinations for every person in the world or provided three times the annual amount needed to eradicate poverty (Africa Renewal, 2021). By encouraging demand and excessive consumption of cheaper fossil fuels, these subsidies distort markets, shield people from price signals and contribute to several macroeconomic imbalances, including higher global inflation (Gilmour, 2022). Successfully reforming fossil fuel subsidies requires wider economic policy reforms alongside systematic chan
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Bukhari, Sillah, and Abu Camara. Rationalizing Energy Consumption in Saudi Arabia towards an Energy-efficient, Green Economy. Islamic Development Bank Institute, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.55780/re24036.

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On 28th August 2023, a Bloomberg article reported that energy subsidies in Saudi Arabia amounted to US$7,000 per capita on energy subsidies – the highest among the Group of 20 Economies The portrayal of energy subsidies in Saudi Arabia needs to be put in perspective. This blog examines the subsidy issue more comprehensively and explores some key initiatives undertaken by the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to rationalize energy consumption towards a sustainable energy-efficient economy.
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Paulín-Hutmacher, Agustín, Raúl Abreu-Lastra, Marco A. López-Silva, and Alberto Saracho-Martínez. Housing Finance in Mexico: Current State and Future Sustainability. Inter-American Development Bank, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0008970.

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In 2001, Mexico introduced a comprehensive federal housing policy package. The results have been quantitatively impressive; however, there are qualitative concerns. It is also uncertain whether current subsidy programs have negative financial implications for participating mortgage issuers, as poorer applicants with lower job stability are injected into the pool of borrowers. This paper addresses that question by analyzing a large database provided by INFONAVIT, Mexico¿s principal mortgage issuer, which contains information on borrowers¿ repayment behavior. It is found that borrowers who recei
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Touhami, Abdelkhalek, and Dorothee Boccanfuso. Is the Moroccan Fiscal System Progressive ? A Shapley Decomposition. CIRANO, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/wrzq6217.

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Public policies, particularly those related to tax policy and subsidies, should help reduce poverty and inequality. However, the combination of the components of these two systems, as implemented, leads sometimes to an increase in poverty and/or inequality without this being necessarily visible. In this paper, based on data from the 2019 wave of the ONDH Household Panel Survey from Morocco, we first highlight the ifluence of taxes and subsidies on household incomes. We then derive the income variations relating to the tax burden and gains from subsidies for the different population groups. We
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Gómez-Lobo, Andrés, Santiago Sánchez González, and Vileydy González Mejia. Means-tested transit subsidies in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0004532.

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This paper reviews three targeted transit subsidies applied in Latin America. The Vale Transporte scheme in Brazil is the oldest, having been introduced in 1985. Household survey data for 26 metropolitan areas were used to estimate the distributional impact of the Vale Transporte. The results indicate that this program is badly targeted to low-income individuals. In 19 of the 26 cities, this subsidy is regressive. The reason is that only formal sector workers are eligible for this benefit while many low-income individuals work in the informal sector in Brazil. In addition, since this subsidy i
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Crosby, Danielle A., Christina Stephens, and Julia Mendez. New York Child Care Subsidy Staff Describe How Policy Implementation Influences Latino Families’ Receipt of Subsidies. Child Trends, Inc., 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59377/542o5154m.

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McCormick, Benjamin, Nick Roxburgh, Jennifer Macdiarmid, and Gary Polhill. Large Scale Modelling: Government Influence On The Rural Social-environmental System. University of Aberdeen, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57064/2164/24533.

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This project is split into two interacting components 1. A business-to-business simulation of nutrient production and supply 2. An optimisation model of nutrient supply given different subsidy scenarios with the objectives of: - understanding the alignment of subsidies and nutrient production - balancing domestic nutrient supply and greenhouse gas emissions - understanding how domestic and international nutrient supply may be impacted by changes in government policies
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Stephens, Christina, Julia Mendez, and Danielle A. Crosby. Practitioners in Texas’ Child Care Subsidy Program Describe How Policy Implementation Impacts Hispanic Families’ Receipt of Subsidies. National Research Center on Hispanic Children and Families, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.59377/722s5477o.

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Brugués, Felipe, and Rebeca De Simone. Taxation when Markets are not Competitive: Evidence from a Loan Tax. Inter-American Development Bank, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0005548.

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We study the interaction of market structure and tax-and-subsidy strategies utilizing pass-through estimates from the unexpected introduction of a loan tax in Ecuador, a quantitative model, and a comprehensive commercial-loan dataset. Our model generalizes bank competition theories, including Bertrand-Nash competition, credit rationing, and joint-maximization. While we find the loan tax is distortionary, neglecting the possibility of non-competitive lending inflates estimated tax deadweight loss by 80% because non-competitive banks internalize some of the burden. Conversely, subsidies are less
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10

Herbst, Chris, and Erdal Tekin. The Geographic Accessibility of Child Care Subsidies and Evidence on the Impact of Subsidy Receipt on Childhood Obesity. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17471.

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