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Journal articles on the topic 'Subway system'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Du, W., and G. Fitzgerald. "(P2-42) Mass-Gathering Risks in the Beijing Subway System." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 26, S1 (2011): s149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x11004869.

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IntroductionMass gatherings pose a significant risk on health and safety. The mass gathering in the subway systems in Beijing represents a daily risk. An average of 4.52 million passengers rode the subway each day between 15 November and 30 November 2010, with the highest daily passenger number totaling 5.14 million. The purpose of this study is to identify the health and safety aspects of mass gatherings in Beijing subways, and proposes strategies that may mitigate these risks.MethodsThe methods included a literature review, field visitation of the subway systems, and interviews of 20 passeng

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2

Ye, Xiaohui, and Masayuki Sato. "Impact of increased subway station density on air quality in the Yangtze River Delta." Environmental Research: Infrastructure and Sustainability 3, no. 3 (2023): 035002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2634-4505/aceff8.

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Abstract This study uses empirical methods to explore the relationship between subway system development and air quality in the Yangtze River Delta. We propose a new variable to measure subway development, ‘subway station density value,’ which can more accurately describe subway development than the traditional ‘line opening’ variable. It eliminates the effects of differences in subway line length, layout, and size of the local subway system. Using this variable, we find that subway development has a significant positive impact on air quality improvement; that is, an increase in the density of

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3

Liu, Jiangjun. "Intelligent Metro Passenger Flow Monitoring and Guidance System." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 100 (May 22, 2024): 161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/77b3jt62.

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With the rapid development of big data, image analysis technology, and artificial intelligence, the related businesses of smart subways have been gradually realized. Facing the huge passenger flow during peak hours, how to guide passengers to relatively spacious compartments has become a hot issue of concern. This article utilizes big data processing and existing image analysis technology in combination with the original subway system to develop an intelligent subway passenger flow monitoring and guidance system. This system consists of three parts: multi-terminal collection, data analysis, an

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Irgibayev, Tuleukhan, Ivan Lugin, and Lavrentij Kiyanitsa. "Justification of an Energy-Efficient Air Purification System in Subways Based on Air Dust Content Studies." Buildings 13, no. 11 (2023): 2771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings13112771.

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It is not uncommon that subways count as densely populated areas, so air quality standards, including fine dust concentration, have been established for them. As passengers and subway staff are exposed to potentially harmful airborne particles, addressing this issue is vital to ensuring a safe and healthy environment on the subway. To reduce the dust concentration in subway systems, the authors propose installing filters to capture dust in ventilation failures between subway tunnels near metro stations. A novel aspect of the proposed method is the fact that airflow will be moved through filter

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Liu, Yun, Zhiqiang Xie, Ping Wen, et al. "Risk Evaluation of Urban Subway Site Selection: Balance, Attractiveness, and Financing Models." Land 13, no. 12 (2024): 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13122015.

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As a crucial form of public transportation, subways are becoming essential infrastructure that cities in China increasingly prioritize for development. However, there is a lack of effective risk assessment methods for subway station and line siting. To address this gap, this paper uses the subway system in Kunming, China, as a case study, establishing a subway site risk evaluation framework (SIRE-BAF) that integrates three dimensions: balance (B), attractiveness (A), and financing mode (F). An extended NP-RV model is proposed to assess the balance (or imbalance) characteristics of subway stati

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Nazari, Ata, Jiarong Hong, Farzad Taghizadeh-Hesary, and Farhad Taghizadeh-Hesary. "Reducing Virus Transmission from Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Systems of Urban Subways." Toxics 10, no. 12 (2022): 796. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10120796.

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Aerosols carrying the virus inside enclosed spaces is an important mode of transmission for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), as supported by growing evidence. Urban subways are one of the most frequented enclosed spaces. The subway is a utilitarian and low-cost transit system in modern society. However, studies are yet to demonstrate patterns of viral transmission in subway heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems. To fill this gap, we performed a computational investigation of the airflow (and associated aerosol transmission) in an urban subway ca

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Gendron-Carrier, Nicolas, Marco Gonzalez-Navarro, Stefano Polloni, and Matthew A. Turner. "Subways and Urban Air Pollution." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 14, no. 1 (2022): 164–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.20180168.

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We investigate the effect of subway system openings on urban air pollution. On average, particulate concentrations are unchanged by subway openings. For cities with higher initial pollution levels, subway openings reduce particulates by 4 percent in the area surrounding a city center. The effect decays with distance to city center and persists over the longest time horizon that we can measure with our data, about four years. For highly polluted cities, we estimate that a new subway system provides an external mortality benefit of about $1 billion per year. For less polluted cities, the effect

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Zeng, Baoping, Yonggang Li, Wanglong Jia, and Hengbo Luo. "Analysis of the Degree of Convenience of Xi'an Metro Station." Journal of Architectural Research and Development 6, no. 5 (2022): 36–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jard.v6i5.4348.

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Urban subways have developed rapidly in recent years and has gradually become the primary choice of public transportation in big cities. Subways can effectively alleviate urban traffic congestion and improve passengers’ green travel experience, especially in the old urban areas where urban space is limited, community facilities are aging and historical features are gathered. Subways play a huge role in guiding the expansion of urban space form and improving urban landscape environment. As the only channel for passengers to get in and out of the station, the subway entrance and exit act as a br

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Wang, Tao, and Jie Su. "Comparison of Illuminance in Different Environments: A Case Study on Subway Stations." Journal of Architectural Research and Development 6, no. 5 (2022): 41–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.26689/jard.v6i5.4349.

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With urbanization and the rapid development of social economy, China’s rail transit industry has developed rapidly in recent years. In order to alleviate the pressure of road network, subways provide convenience as they are fast and space-saving. Subway stations are major energy consumers of urban power grid due to their large traffic volume and long operation time. On the premise of ensuring operation safety, reducing the energy consumption of subway helps in energy conservation and emission reduction as proposed in the 13th Five-Year Plan. According to the statistics of the energy-saving eva

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Zhang, Hui, Yu Cui, and Jianmin Jia. "Mining Multimodal Travel Mobilities with Big Ridership Data: Comparative Analysis of Subways and Taxis." Sustainability 16, no. 10 (2024): 4305. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16104305.

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Understanding traveler mobility in cities is significant for urban planning and traffic management. However, most traditional studies have focused on travel mobility in a single traffic mode. Only limited studies have focused on the travel mobility associated with multimodal transportation. Subways are considered a green travel mode with large capacity, while taxis are an energy-consuming travel mode that provides a personalized service. Exploring the relationship between subway mobility and taxi mobility is conducive to building a sustainable multimodal transportation system, such as one with

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Li, L., M. Yu, H. Ma, L. Meng, and Z. Cui. "DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF FLOOD CONTROL AND WATERLOGGING PREVENTION INTELLIGENT MONITORING SYSTEM BASED ON SUBWAY "ONE MAP"." ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences X-3/W1-2022 (October 27, 2022): 93–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-x-3-w1-2022-93-2022.

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Abstract. Urban rainstorms and floods often occur, causing serious loss of life and property, and bringing great challenges to the safe operation of subways. In response to the need for prevention and control of urban subway floods and waterlogging, this project is based on geographic information technology, on the basis of "one map" of the subway, using intelligent sensing camera equipment, independent research and development of monitoring water level identification algorithms, and research and development of subway flood control and waterlogging prevention intelligent monitoring system It r

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Lin, Shanlang, Tian Yu, and Junpei Huang. "Subway Openings and Urban Air Pollution Mitigation: Pathways to Sustainable Development in China." Sustainability 17, no. 11 (2025): 4782. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17114782.

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Air pollution not only affects urban production and residents’ lives but also threatens human health, and the construction of the subway is considered an important measure to improve urban traffic congestion and air quality. To test whether the construction and opening of subways with high operating costs can effectively improve urban air quality, this paper takes the opening of subways as a quasi-natural experiment. Based on panel data from 282 cities in China from 2014 to 2021, the difference-in-differences method is used to estimate the impact of subway openings on urban air pollution. It i

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Zhang, Xiaonan, Zhonghua Wei, Wenjuan Wang, Sheng Liu, and Shi Qiu. "Paced Inspection Process Design of Security Check System in Beijing Subway." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2604, no. 1 (2017): 95–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2604-12.

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With the increased occurrence of terrorist attacks at public venues, security check systems (SCSs) for subways have attracted more attention worldwide. In China, a two-stage SCS was successfully adopted for the 2008 Olympics in Beijing and has been promoted in other cities. Because SCSs would generate additional operational costs and delays for passengers, improving their efficiency is a concern for subway managers. In this research, an attempt was made to optimize the current two-stage SCS in Beijing. The speed and accuracy operating characteristic curves, which described the relationship bet

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Lin, Shan, Zhixi Tang, Xia Chen, Xuehua Liu, and Yunsheng Liu. "Analysis of Stray Current Leakage in Subway Traction Power Supply System Based on Field-Circuit Coupling." Energies 17, no. 13 (2024): 3121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17133121.

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In a rail transit system, there is a constant leakage of current from the subway rails to the earth, and these stray currents have complex propagation paths and a wide range of influence. Since no stray current collection devices are installed at subway depots, some of the stray current leaking from the mainline will converge at the depot, seriously corroding the structural reinforcement and buried metal of the station, thereby jeopardizing the normal operation of subway trains and passenger safety. In this paper, a field-circuit coupling method is proposed to analyze the current leakage and d

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Sojoudi, Atta, Farbod Vakilimoghaddam, and Reihaneh Neishapouri. "On the Optimization of Vent Arrangement in a Subway Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 232 (November 2012): 620–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.232.620.

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Toxic gases resulted from fire events in subways stations are more dangerous than high temperature radiation from it. So, a well designed smoke exhaust system must be installed in subway station to control the smoke’s propagation and discharging. Smoke extraction in subway station depends on the duct laid above the ceiling, so vents are situated in the same level of platform layer’s ceiling. If subway station catches fire, smoke will cumulate in smoke reservoirs at the beginning and mechanical fan cannot exhaust any smoke in this process. In This paper, FDS 5.0 is used to simulate smoke’s move

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Shoaei, Mozhdeh, R. Maddahin, H. Afshin, and B. Farhanie. "Designing Fire Scenarios for Subway Stations and Tunnels Based on Regional Approach." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 983–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.983.

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Development of cities as well as population growth causes to development of public transportation especially subway lines. The high capacity besides the high speed in transportation makes them the popular transportation system. Fire is the one of the most important issues that may occur in subways. The difference in flame size, emissionheat, smoke and pollutants generation of subway fires attracts an especial attention of fire investigators. The emergency ventilation of subways in the case of fire should have the ability of discharging heat, smoke and pollutants from passenger escape route and

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Fang, Hui, Jiandi Jiang, Feng Lin, and Wei Zhang. "Optimized Design of Multilines Center of Subway AFC System via Distributed File System and Bayesian Network Model." Journal of Sensors 2021 (December 20, 2021): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1500829.

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Automatic fare collection system (AFCS) is a modern, automatic, networked toll collection system for rail transit ticket sales, collection, billing, charging, statistics, sorting, and management. To realize the subway transit networking operation, this paper designs the subway AFCS based on a distributed file system (DFS), namely, Gluster File System (GlusterFS). Firstly, the multiline center (MLC) in the subway AFCS is designed to analyze the status and current situation of distributed file processing in subway MLC system; secondly, the relevant technical theories are summarized, the Bayesian

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18

Zhang, Liyu, Haiyu Wu, and Hongyi Chen. "Strategic Considerations for Enhancing Civil Defense Systems in Subways and Underground Utility Tunnels Amid Evolving National Defense Mobilization Needs." Applied Science and Innovative Research 8, no. 3 (2024): p170. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/asir.v8n3p170.

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This paper is set against the backdrop of new national defense mobilization circumstances, and by reviewing and summarizing the functions of subways and underground utility tunnels during wartime, along with the characteristics of domestic and international subway and utility tunnel projects, it analyzes their critical roles in personnel shelter, evacuation, and pipeline protection. The paper discusses the construction of the civil air defense protection system, innovatively proposing some suggestions that may serve as references and examples for the development of civil defense systems in the

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Zheng, Hengchao, and Yuhua Wang. "Design and Health Evaluation of Monitoring Test Platform for Metro Traction Power Supply System." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (March 4, 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5546684.

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Subway traction power supply system is the energy source of subway operation. The normal operation of subway traction power supply system is directly related to the stable operation and safety of subway. If the subway traction power supply system breaks down, it not only will cause economic losses, but also may cause social disorder. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the traction power supply system of subway to ensure the safe operation of subway. The establishment of a reasonable monitoring and testing platform, the simulation analysis of the traction power supply system, and t

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20

Ye, Runchen, and Tianrui Huang. "The Usage Mode of Beijing Subway System." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 38 (March 16, 2023): 408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/hset.v38i.5852.

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With the rapid development of engineering in China, the subway network in Beijing has become more and more dense. Studying the pattern of passengers using subway is not only helpful to the travel planning of ordinary citizens, but also of great significance in the future management and planning of the subway system. Previous studies on Beijing metro only focused on individual lines, but this paper analyzes the overall trend of passengers' use of Beijing subway system based on the data of passengers' swipe card using data visualization and linear regression model. This study found that most pas

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Zhen, Hui, Lin Min Jia, and Guo Qiang Cai. "A Positioning System For Subway Trains Based on RFID." Applied Mechanics and Materials 610 (August 2014): 808–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.610.808.

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Subway train positioning technology is one of the key technologies, however when red band appears in dispatch center, train ground communication fails and other issues, you need a back-up emergency systems to provide train position information for the station dispatchers in order to arrange train route. This paper describes a back-up system for positioning subway trains. The system is a combination of vehicle and ground subway train assisted positioning system, it can fast and accurate get the location information of subway trains, to provide protection of safe and efficient operation for the

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Nagel, Till, and Benedikt Groß. "Shanghai Metro Flow: Multiple Perspectives into a Subway System." Leonardo 50, no. 5 (2017): 511–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_01234.

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One of the main characteristics of cities is the large amount of people moving around. These flows are reflected in all the subways dashing through the city. With the authors’ work, they strive to give an impression of this pulse of the city. They present Shanghai Metro Flow, consisting of an animated visualization composed of three scenes, each giving another perspective into the metro network, and an accompanying poster showing subway line details. Each visualization combines established techniques with a highly aesthetic form in order to attract people to observe and dwell on different aspe

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Baffoe, MEng, Benjamin Ohene Kwapong, and Zheng Shiyuan, PhD. "Subway emergency preparedness in Shanghai: A focused group and interview study exploring the perceived experiences of senior citizens and the disabled." Journal of Emergency Management 15, no. 1 (2017): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5055/jem.2017.0311.

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As Shanghai's population increases and currently being boosted by an influx of foreigners, there has been pressure on the subway system and this has led to a great concern for the aged and disabled people (including foreigners) who use the subway during emergency situations. The present study uses an exploratory research approach including a focus group discussion (FGD) and interviews to uncover the experiences, safety concerns, and challenges that the aged and disabled faces when using the subway. A total of 38 participants were involved in the study, which comprises of three FGDs and intervi

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Wang, Shunyao, Zhenwei Chen, Guo Zhang, Zixing Xu, Yutao Liu, and Yuan Yuan. "Overview and Analysis of Ground Subsidence along China’s Urban Subway Network Based on Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry." Remote Sensing 16, no. 9 (2024): 1548. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs16091548.

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Deformation along a subway rail network is related to the safe operation of the subway and the stability of construction facilities on the surface, making long-term deformation monitoring imperative. Long-term monitoring of surface deformation along the subway network and statistical analysis of the overall deformation situation are lacking in China. Therefore, targeting 35 Chinese cities whose subway mileage exceeds 50 km, we extracted their surface deformation along subway networks between 2018 and 2022, using spaceborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (InSAR) technology and Se

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Lu, Kaihua, and Xiaoyan Gu. "Space-Time Evolution of Subway Vulnerability Based on Hypergraph Space." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (October 14, 2020): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2045838.

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How to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the ability of the whole subway system to maintain the maximum normal operation has become a noteworthy topic. In this study, the hypergraph space structure of Nanjing subway network is used for research. This study uses the method of time-space evolution mechanism to dynamically and quantitatively analyze the gradual change characteristics of Nanjing subway system vulnerability under the influence of time and space. In addition, this study also makes static and dynamic comparative analysis on the vulnerability of a subway system by using connec

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Song, Yena, and Hyun Kim. "Evolution of Subway Network Systems, Subway Accessibility, and Change of Urban Landscape." International Journal of Applied Geospatial Research 6, no. 2 (2015): 53–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijagr.2015040104.

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The subway is one of the major passenger transport systems in Seoul, Korea. Over the last 30 years, the subway system has interacted with urban land use. This study aims to describe the subway system evolution and reveal the causal relations with land rent and population distributions in conjunction with the evolution of the subway system. Extensive and rapid expansion of subway networks have increased subway accessibility in all regional areas over time and have simultaneously strengthened the status of Central Business Districts (CBDs). These facts indirectly imply a possible strong associat

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Liu, Maohua, Siqi Luo, and Xishihui Du. "Exploring Equity in Healthcare Services: Spatial Accessibility Changes during Subway Expansion." ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 10, no. 7 (2021): 439. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10070439.

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The unequal allocation of healthcare resources raises many fundamental problems, one of which is how to address inequity in population health. This paper focuses on disparities in public transport healthcare accessibility, with a special focus on an expanding subway system. Based on a vulnerability index, including factors that are likely to limit healthcare opportunities, a two-step floating catchment area method was used to assess the distribution of supply and demand for healthcare. Quantity, quality, and walking distance accessibility were aggregated into hexagonal grids. The Theil index w

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Li, Jian, Lu Zhang, Bu Liu, Ningning Shi, Liang Li, and Haodong Yin. "Travel-Energy-Based Timetable Optimization in Urban Subway Systems." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (2023): 1930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15031930.

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Timetable optimization for urban subways is aimed at improving the transportation service. In congested subway systems, the effects of crowding at stations and inside the vehicles have not been properly addressed in timetabling. Moreover, it is difficult to show the time of values in different riding conditions. In this paper, we consider the passenger-travel process as a physical activity expending energy and formulate a travel energy expenditure function for a heavily congested urban subway corridor. A timetable optimization model is proposed to minimize the total energy expenditure, includi

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KWAK, Kyeong-sang. "The Emergence of Seoul Subway Line 2 and the Formation of a New Transportation Hub." Seoul Journal of Korean Studies 38, no. 1 (2025): 47–67. https://doi.org/10.1353/seo.2025.a965181.

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Abstract: In the twenty-first-century supercity of Seoul, subways are the primary mode of public transportation. This essay examines the development and construction of Seoul Subway Line 2, a crucial line of the Seoul subway system. This essay focuses on two key areas of analysis. First, during the development of Line 2, expert opinion was divided regarding potential line routes. That is, while some argued that a north–south line was needed to redistribute the population of Seoul and stimulate urban development, others asserted that a circular line would be more advantageous. Ultimately, Line

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Wang, Kaiyan. "Reasons for Failure of Waterproofing System in Subway Stations with Complex Strata." Academic Journal of Science and Technology 15, no. 1 (2025): 156–59. https://doi.org/10.54097/168fnv72.

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With the rapid development of urban subway transportation networks, the waterproofing system of subway stations in complex strata plays a crucial role in ensuring the normal operation of underground stations. This paper analyzes the reasons for the failure of waterproofing systems in subway stations, focusing on issues such as self-waterproofing of concrete structures, waterproofing of detailed structures in subway stations, and failure of flexible waterproofing materials. Through case analysis and impact analysis, combined with construction characteristics, the paper summarizes the reasons fo

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Portillo-Villasana, Gerardo de Jesús, Aida Huerta-Barrientos, and Yazmin Dillarza Andrade. "Effectiveness of Physical Barriers Installation for Prevention of Incidents in Mexico City’s Subway System." Journal of Industrial Engineering 2017 (June 18, 2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/8125430.

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Nowadays, suicides inside the installations of subway platforms are considered a public health problem in Mexico City. One solution to prevent them is the installation of physical barriers, but their high cost is unattractive for governmental authorities. Traditional approaches of research on the effectiveness of physical barriers for preventing suicides have been limited to analyzing statistically the effects of installing platform screen doors and blue lights on subway platforms. Although considerable progress has been made in this field, many important issues remain unexplored. This study i

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Yu, Kai, Nannan Qu, Jifeng Lu, and Lujie Zhou. "Determining Subway Emergency Evacuation Efficiency Using Hybrid System Dynamics and Multiple Agents." Mathematics 10, no. 19 (2022): 3693. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math10193693.

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With the rapid development of the city, more and more people are choosing the subway as their travel mode. However, the hidden dangers of the subway are becoming increasingly prominent, and emergency evacuation of the subway has become a key factor for its safe operation. Therefore, the research objectives of this paper were to focus on the subway emergency evacuation hybrid model to fill the gap in the field of emergency evacuation simulation methods and countermeasure optimization. The analysis network process (ANP) was used to analyze the influence factors and weights of subway pedestrian e

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Lu, Yinfeng, Wenchuan Zhang, Xuejun Qian, and Jiacheng Luo. "Research on the Co-simulation System of Subway Control Circuits." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2613, no. 1 (2023): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2613/1/012009.

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Abstract In order to solve the problems of complex control logic and the difficulty of simulating function modules due to the high coupling degree of subway control circuits, a subway control circuit co-simulation system is designed in this paper. By analysing the components data and connection relationship in the subway control circuit schematic diagrams, the network topologies are automatically generated, and the mathematical relationships between nodes, branches and components states are established, so as to build a complete logical control model. The depth-first search (DFS) algorithm is

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Stalter. "Subway Ride and Subway System in Hart Crane's “The Tunnel”." Journal of Modern Literature 33, no. 2 (2010): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2979/jml.2010.33.2.70.

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Zhang, Junwei, Wei Wu, Qixiu Cheng, et al. "Extracting the Complete Travel Trajectory of Subway Passengers Based on Mobile Phone Data." Journal of Advanced Transportation 2022 (January 25, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8151520.

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The usage of mobile phones has undergone tremendous growth in the past decades. Large amounts of mobile-phone signaling data (MSD) are generated while using various mobile phone applications. The large-scale MSD presents opportunities for transport planners to utilize it for better planning and management of the transportation system. In this paper, we use MSD to analyze subway passengers’ travel behavior and extract their complete travel trajectories. The complete travel trajectories of subway passengers include their trajectories, both inside and outside the subway system. In the first stage

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Li, Zhiyu. "Short-term Passenger Flow Prediction for Hangzhou Metro based on Machine Learning Algorithms." Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 78 (December 26, 2023): 32–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/fzedhe98.

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Subways have now reached an irreplaceable position in urban rail transportation. The aggregation of people choosing subway travel at the same time can easily lead to passenger congestion, so predicting passenger flow in advance is crucial. This study used LSTM (Long Short-Term Memory) as the data prediction model to forecast the card-swiping data of the Hangzhou subway for 10 consecutive days. The historical data was divided into intervals of 3 minutes, and the random forest was used to compare the correlation among features. The final prediction results showed that both the inbound and outbou

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Baysal Türkölmez, Gökçe, and Mustafa Güneş. "Emergency evacuation models in subway service systems: An application on Izmir (Turkey) subway system." Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences 22, no. 4 (2016): 324–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/pajes.2015.57855.

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Baysal Türkölmez, Gökçe, and Mustafa Güneş. "Emergency evacuation models in subway service systems: An application on Izmir (Turkey) subway system." Pamukkale University Journal of Engineering Sciences 22, no. 4 (2016): 324–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/pajes.2016.57855.

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Chai, Zhi, Jin Rui Nan, and Jun Kui Huang. "Research on Subway Air-Conditioning System Design." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 3039–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.3039.

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The design of subway air-conditioning system accounts for not only the general characteristic, but also the following factors the different working circumstances and the big passengers density. In order to provide sufficient refrigerating capacity to offset the heat quantity of subway carriage, it is indispensable to install a reasonable air-conditioning, heating and aeration system to improve the comfort. In this paper the research object is the velocity and temperature change of the airflow inside the subway, and the research method is computer simulation. We study the performance and temper

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Chang, Li, Chen Hui Tang, and Zheng Li. "The Analysis of Tianjin Subway Environmental Control System." Advanced Materials Research 535-537 (June 2012): 2135–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.535-537.2135.

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The paper takes Tianjin subway as an example, and use the Subway Environment Simulation (SES) program to establish subway system with platform screen doors or different characteristics of two systems to carry out the simulate computation in summer, transition season and winter of the two systems; by analyzing the difference between two environment control modes, get the chart of the temperature distribution characteristic. The table result showed that it has more advantages using closed system than PSD system in Tianjin by using the primary invests and saving energy consumption.

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Duszek, Roman. "The Warsaw subway signage system." Information Design Journal 12, no. 3 (2004): 181–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/idjdd.12.3.02dus.

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Vatcharindr, Vichitr, Chukiat Photayanuvat, and Ekasit Limsuwan. "Subway System in Greater Bangkok." IABSE Symposium Report 87, no. 1 (2003): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/222137803796330338.

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Jia, Bei, Zhan Min Liu, and Jian Yu Wei. "Design of Subway Intelligent Environment Monitoring System Based on ZigBee." Advanced Materials Research 503-504 (April 2012): 1334–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.503-504.1334.

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Wang, Guangpeng, Yong Liu, Ziying Hu, et al. "Flood Risk Assessment of Subway Systems in Metropolitan Areas under Land Subsidence Scenario: A Case Study of Beijing." Remote Sensing 13, no. 4 (2021): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13040637.

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Flooding is one of the most destructive natural events that severely damage the ground and inundate underground infrastructure. Subway systems in metropolitan areas are susceptible to flooding, which may be exacerbated when land subsidence occurs. However, previous studies have focused on flood risk evaluation on regional/watershed-scales and land subsidence monitoring in plains, instead of on subway flood risk evaluation and how land subsidence aggravates the flood risk in subway systems. Using the proposed risk indicators and field survey data, we present a method assessing the flood risk of

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Zhang, Wei Ya, and Jun Wei. "The Experimental Research on Beijing Subway Air-Conditioning System Energy-Saving." Applied Mechanics and Materials 170-173 (May 2012): 2494–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.170-173.2494.

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The subway is the major means of transportation in Beijing, and it also takes huge energy consumption. Now the consumption of a subway station is 9500 kWh every day, and the proportion of the air-conditioning system energy dissipation is about 64%, in which, a big part of that can be saved down to save and make full use of the energy. The key to the air-conditioning system energy saving is to put forward reasonable energy-saving schemes and feasible method. In this paper, with a subway station in Beijing as a test location，the measurement and data analysis are carried out, and the schemes put

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Liu, Ping, Yu Wang, Tongze Han, Jiaming Xu, and Qiangnian Li. "Safety Evaluation of Subway Tunnel Construction under Extreme Rainfall Weather Conditions Based on Combination Weighting–Set Pair Analysis Model." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (2022): 9886. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14169886.

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Regional extreme rainfall events have occurred frequently in China, and subway tunnel construction faces possible threats under extreme weather conditions. Thus, in this study, we used the set pair analysis (SPA) approach to the construction safety evaluation of subway tunnels and developed a construction safety evaluation model under extreme rainfall circumstances. Firstly, based on careful consideration of the complex construction environment of subway tunnels under extreme rainfall weather conditions, a construction safety evaluation system of subway tunnels was developed considering four a

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Yang, Hao, Linshuang Zhao, and Jun Chen. "Metro System Inundation in Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (2022): 9292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159292.

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In this study, we investigated the flooding accident that occurred on Metro Line 5 in the capital city of Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China. On 20 July 2021, owing to an extreme rainstorm, serious inundation occurred in the Wulongkou parking lot of Zhengzhou Metro Line 5 and its surrounding area. Flooding forced a train to stop during operation, resulting in 14 deaths. Based on our preliminary investigation and analysis of this accident, we designed three main control measures to reduce the occurrence of similar accidents and mitigate the impact of similar accidents in the future, given the inc

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Zhang, Xiao Ke. "Environmental Art Design of Subway Station." Advanced Materials Research 926-930 (May 2014): 1340–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.926-930.1340.

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This paper presents the city subway system environment space requirements and principles of art and design.Then through the study of urban design elements, space systems metro subway environmental art design elements and methods to make specific implementation strategies for Environmental Art Space City of subway system design.

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Xu, Xiaojun, Sen Xiong, Yifeng Huang, and Rong Qin. "Prediction of Epidemic Transmission Path and Risk Management Method in Urban Subway." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2022 (May 31, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/7555251.

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With the development of COVID-19, the epidemic prevention requirements of city subway system have become stricter. This study studies the transmission path of epidemic disease in city subway system. Using FLUENT software and AnyLogic software, the simulation models of subway platform ventilation structure and crowd behavior mode in subway system are constructed, respectively, and SEIR (vulnerable exposed affected recovered) is used as the general infection model of epidemic disease. According to the actual situation, the parameters such as shoulder width, flow, and moving speed of crowd are de

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Wang, Ruo Jun, Bin Jiang, and Yan Ying Xu. "Subway Station Fire Prevention System Safety Analysis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 405-408 (September 2013): 1861–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.405-408.1861.

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Fire prevention system of subway station plays an important role in ensuring passenger safety. The Shenyang Youth Street subway station fire prevention system safety was studied, applying performance-based fire protection design analysis method, using of FDS simulation software on the station fire prevention safety system for the calculation and analysis. Three working conditions were set when subway fire happens. Fire smoke flow characteristics and the distribution of temperature, CO concentration and visibility were analyzed and compared. The results show that the automatic sprinkler system

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