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Relevant bibliographies by topics / Tempered iron

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Academic literature on the topic 'Tempered iron'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 3 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Tempered iron"

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Stolypinsky, V. "Tempered iron in gynecology." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 5, no. 4 (2020): 247–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd54247-267.

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Mm. Gg. Modern surgeons in general, and in particular, gynecological surgeons strive to simplify as much as possible, both the methods of operation, the very instruments and postoperative care of patients, based on the point of view that the success of the principle of deprivation most of depends on strict observance.

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Hu, Zhitao, Chen Liu, Yuzhou Du, Xin Wang, Xinyu Zhu, and Bailing Jiang. "Effects of Tempering Temperature on Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of Ductile Iron." Lubricants 10, no. 12 (2022): 326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/lubricants10120326.

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The mechanical properties and tribological behavior of ductile iron tempered at different temperatures were investigated. The tempered sample was composed of spheroidal graphite, α phase, and carbides. The strength and hardness decreased near-linearly but the plasticity increased with the increase of tempering temperature, which was mainly because carbon atoms precipitated from martensite and thus reduced the distortion of martensite. Wear tests indicated that the friction coefficient of the sample tempered at 420 °C decreased first and then increased with the increasing loads and exhibited th

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Abdullah, Bulan, Siti Khadijah Alias, Ahmed Jaffar, Abdul Hakim Abdullah, Syazuan Abdul Latip, and Mohd Faizul Idham. "Mechanical Properties of Tempered Ti-Nb Alloyed Ductile Iron." Applied Mechanics and Materials 393 (September 2013): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.393.126.

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The applications of ductile iron in numerous engineering applications require continuous effort in properties enhancement due to the necessity of product sustainability and performance. The studies highlighted the effect of 0.5 wt% titanium and niobium addition the mechanical properties of tempered ductile iron. The samples were prepared through conventional CO2 sand casting process. Heat treatment was conducted by austenitizing at 900°C for 1 hour and subsequently oil quenching before tempered at three different temperatures which are 500°C, 600°C and 700°C at 1 hour holding time. The mechani

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Wang, Bingxu, Gary C. Barber, Rui Wang, and Yuming Pan. "Comparison of Wear Performance of Austempered and Quench-Tempered Gray Cast Irons Enhanced by Laser Hardening Treatment." Applied Sciences 10, no. 9 (2020): 3049. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10093049.

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The current research studied the effects of laser surface hardening treatment on the phase transformation and wear properties of gray cast irons heat treated by austempering or quench-tempering, respectively. Three austempering temperatures of 232 °C, 288 °C, and 343 °C with a constant holding duration of 120 min and three tempering temperatures of 316 °C, 399 °C, and 482 °C with a constant holding duration of 60 min were utilized to prepare austempered and quench-tempered gray cast iron specimens with equivalent macro-hardness values. A ball-on-flat reciprocating wear test configuration was u

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Santos, H., A. Duarte, and J. Seabra. "Austempered ductile iron with tempered martensite." International Journal of Cast Metals Research 15, no. 2 (2002): 117–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13640461.2002.11819470.

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Yang, Chen, Xi Xi Cui, Zhen Bo Zhao, Gao Hua, and Cheng Liu. "Role of Bulky Retained Austenite in Austempered Ductile Iron." Advanced Materials Research 1142 (January 2017): 19–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1142.19.

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In this investigation, the characteristics of bulky retained austenite in an austempered ductile iron are evaluated in two tempered conditions. which were intially tempered at 200oC for 1h before cooling to room temperature, and then tempered at 350oC for 1h. The result shows that the hardness within retained austenite areas is distributed unevenly with a range from 423 HV to 897 HV, which is attributed to the transformation from austenite to martensite during austempering. Also, the mechanism regarding the quenched marteniste formation is discussed. The poor fatigue resistance of ADI is hypot

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Kayali, Y., A. Büyüksağiş, and Y. Yalçin. "Corrosion behavior of boro-tempered ductile iron." Protection of Metals and Physical Chemistry of Surfaces 46, no. 3 (2010): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s2070205110030093.

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Aristizabal, R., R. Foley, and A. Druschitz. "Intercritically Austenitized Quenched and Tempered Ductile Iron." International Journal of Metalcasting 6, no. 4 (2012): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03355534.

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Wang, Bingxu, Gary C. Barber, Chuanlin Tao, Xue Han, and Xichen Sun. "Tribological Performance of Austempered and Tempered Ductile Iron." Metallurgical and Materials Transactions B 49, no. 5 (2018): 2261–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11663-018-1338-0.

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Hu, Guyue, Yi Ge, Tong Wu, et al. "Influence of Materials on Dry Friction and Wear Performance of Harmonic Reducer Circular Spline." Metals 13, no. 2 (2023): 378. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met13020378.

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Ductile iron and alloy steel are mostly used as the circular spline materials of harmonic reducers. The study of the differences in wear resistance of different circular spline materials is a strong basis for the design of high-precision and long-life harmonic reducers. The dry friction behaviors under room temperature of two ductile iron (low-load SHF and high-load SHG) alloys and steel (40Cr) circular spline materials were studied with a quantitative analysis of the alloy composition, microstructure, hardness and wear resistance. The results showed that the microstructures of SHF, SHG and 40

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Tempered iron"

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Al-Asadi, Akram A. "Iron Carbide Development and its Effect on Inhibitor Performance." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1416422709.

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Kasonde, Maweja. "Optimising the mechanical properties and microstructure of armoured steel plate in the quenched and tempered condition." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11022006-192139.

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Akeer, Emad S. "Effect of Carbon Steel Composition and Microstructure on CO2 Corrosion." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1399315460.

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ORTIZ, MIRANDA ANNETTE. "Development of analytical methods for the characterization of tempera paintings at micro- and nano-scale and their deterioration and biodeterioration processes." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/90571.

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Egg (the whole, the yolk or the white) is a natural product used since ancient times as tempera painting medium mainly in Europe and the Mediterranean Basin countries. In addition, egg is a complex multicomponent microstructured system susceptible of being influenced by the pigments that compose the paints, as well as a source of nutrient susceptible of biodeterioration. Modifying effect of artists' pigments on the binding medium as well as, the microbial biodeterioration are responsible for changes in the structure and composition of the binding medium and, consequently, on the physico-chemic

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Santana, Débora Betânia de. "Ironia: O tempero da crônica (estudo de textos cronísticos de Luís Fernando Verissimo)." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2006. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/14795.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T19:59:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LCL - Debora Betania de Santana.pdf: 193181 bytes, checksum: 4c1406b1dbff36954314754bbe4f3191 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-10-03<br>The purpose of this research was to study the use of the chronicle in the history of Brazilian literature and also the different facets of irony in the chronicles of Luís Fernando Verissimo. The origin of chronicle and the theory about it as a literary genre is also studied. Besides, we discuss the opinion of some literature critics - Portella, Antonio Candido and Arrigucci - on this

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Behera, Litu. "Mechanical property investigation of hardened and tempered ductile iron." Thesis, 2014. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/6374/1/E-31.pdf.

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In their attempt to develop a particular type of cast iron having better mechanical properties than the malleable iron, the scientists ultimately discovered the spheroidal graphite (S.G) Iron. In this type of cast iron, graphite is present in the form of nodules so it doesn’t break the continuity of structure. Moreover due to the regular shape of graphite, it provides ample amount of plasticity unlike gray cast iron where the flake of graphite acts of sharp notches and thus destroy plasticity. Due to its excellent combination of strength, ductility and toughness the S.G Iron is now being widel

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Books on the topic "Tempered iron"

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Upham, Martin. Tempered not quenched. Lawrence and Wishart, 1997.

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Tempered iron. Walker, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Tempered iron"

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Weidner, Anja, Ruben Wagner, Mikhail Seleznev, and Horst Biermann. "Analysis of Detrimental Inclusions in Steel and Aluminum." In Multifunctional Ceramic Filter Systems for Metal Melt Filtration. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-40930-1_25.

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AbstractThis chapter presents results on the analysis of nonmetallic as well as intermetallic inclusions within a metal matrix. In both, steel and aluminum matrix these impurities cause detrimental effects during production as well as in service, e.g. under mechanical load. In steel, nonmetallic inclusions originate from the steelmaking process and range in the magnitude of ppm. In recycled aluminum alloys, iron-rich intermetallic phases exhibit a volume fraction in the range of percent caused by insufficient scrap separation. Both types of detrimental inclusions/precipitates were investigated

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Kulkova, Marianna A., Maya T. Kashuba, Alexander M. Kulkov, et al. "The Crushed Carbonate Temper from Ceramic Pastes of the Bronze–Early Iron Age Pottery in the Northern Black Sea Region: A Technological Reception or A Traditional Approach." In Springer Proceedings in Earth and Environmental Sciences. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-46424-9_18.

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Forsik, Stéphane A. J., and Pedro E. J. Rivera-Diaz-del-Castillo. "Martensitic Steels: Epsilon Carbides in Tempered." In Encyclopedia of Iron, Steel, and Their Alloys. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1081/e-eisa-120052026.

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Prada, Manuel González, and Frederick H. Fornoff. "Speech at the Politeama Theater." In Free Pages And Other Essays, edited by David Sobrevilla. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195116878.003.0004.

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Abstract Those who have barely stepped across life’s threshold come together today to teach a lesson to those who are approaching death’s doorway. The celebration we are attending is replete with patriotism but also touched with irony: the child wants to ransom with gold what the man could not defend with iron. Old men ought to tremble before children because the rising generation always accuses and judges the declining generation. From these happy, boisterous groups we’ll witness the emergence of the austere and taciturn thinker, the poet who gives voice in stanzas of tempered steel, the hist

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"The Late Iron Age and Early Roman Background." In Late Roman Handmade Grog-Tempered Ware Producing Industries in South East Britain. Archaeopress Publishing Ltd, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvxw3ns8.5.

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"Corrosion of Martensitic Stainless Steel Weldments." In Corrosion of Weldments. ASM International, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.cw.t51820115.

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Abstract Martensitic stainless steels are essentially iron-chromium-carbon alloys that possess a body-centered tetragonal crystal structure (martensitic) in the hardened condition. Martensitic stainless steels are similar to plain carbon or low-alloy steels that are austenitized, hardened by quenching, and then tempered for increased ductility and toughness. This chapter provides a basic understanding of grade designations, properties, corrosion resistance, and general welding considerations of martensitic stainless steels. It also discusses the causes for hydrogen-induced cracking in martensi

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"Temper Colors for Steels." In Heat Treating of Irons and Steels. ASM International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.hb.v04d.a0005997.

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"Engineering Austempered Ductile Iron Castings." In Iron and Steel Castings Engineering Guide. ASM International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.isceg.t59320195.

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Abstract Unlike conventional quench and temper heat treatment, austempering is an iron and steel heat-treatment process that enhances mechanical properties through the isothermal transformation of austenite with a minimum amount of quenching stresses. This chapter begins with a discussion of austemperability requirements. Then outlines of austenitizing and austempering cycles and resultant microstructures are presented. This is followed by sections discussing the mechanical properties, advantages, limitations, machinability, process variants, and applications of austempered ductile iron (ADI).

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"Heat Treatment." In Metals Fabrication. ASM International, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.tb.mfub.t53740271.

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Abstract This chapter discusses the processes used in manufacturing to thermally alter the properties of metals and alloys. It begins with a review of the iron-carbon system, the factors that affect hardenability, and the use of continuous cooling transformation diagrams. It then explains how various steels respond to heat treatments, such as annealing, normalizing, spheroidizing, tempering, and direct and interrupted quenching, and surface-hardening processes, such as flame and induction hardening, carburizing, nitriding, and carbonitriding. It also addresses the issue of temper embrittlement

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Fuller, Christopher J. "“We Have to Find a Better Way to Send a Message”: The CIA’s Counterterrorism Center, from the Eagle Program to the Predator Drone, 1986–2001." In See It/Shoot It. Yale University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300218541.003.0005.

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This chapter explores how the CIA's Counterterrorist Center (CTC) was established to function as a war room against terrorists, under the leadership of its first director, Duane Clarridge. Though the consequences of the Iran-Contra affair initially tempered the CTC's aggression, the foundations of the agency's post-9/11 role in the War on Terror were laid during this time, and its aggressive pursuit of al-Qaeda today owes much to the approach Clarridge sought to instill in his new department. The origins of the agency's involvement with drones as tools of counterterrorism are also traced back

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Conference papers on the topic "Tempered iron"

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Farelas, F., B. Brown, and S. Nesic. "Iron Carbide and Its Influence on the Formation of Protective Iron Carbonate in CO2 Corrosion of Mild Steel." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02291.

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Abstract The present research studied the role porous iron carbide layers (Fe3C) on the formation of protective iron carbonate (FeCO3). Two mild steels with similar carbon content and different microstructure were chosen. API(1) 5L X65 and UNS(2) G10180 steels with tempered martensite and ferrite - pearlite microstructures, respectively, were exposed to a 3 wt.% NaCl-CO2 saturated solution at pH 6 and 80°C in laminar flow. The corrosion behavior was monitored by linear polarization resistance (LPR) during long term experiments. Electrochemical measurements were supported by surface analytical

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Gavanluei, Arshad Bajvani, David L. Olson, and Brajendra Mishra. "Corrosion Rate Measurement of a Downhole Tubular Steel at Different CO2 Partial Pressures and Temperatures and Calculation of the Activation Energy of the Corrosion Process." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02298.

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Abstract Corrosion rate of a low alloy tempered martensite downhole tubular steel was studied at different temperatures and CO2 partial pressures using direct weight loss measurement. Experiments were carried out in a high pressure high temperature autoclave. CO2 partial pressures of 40 (276), 80 (552), 160 (1103), and 320 (2206) psi (kPa) were examined at temperatures 25, 40, 50, and 75 °C. A linear trend between corrosion rate and CO2 partial pressure was observed at different temperatures and increasing CO2 partial pressure increased the slope of the lines. In addition, at constant CO2 part

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Futas, Peter, Alena Pribulova, Jozef Petrik, Peter Peter Blasko, and Marcin Brzezinski. "IMPROVEMENT OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF AUSTEMPERED DUCTILE IRON (ADI) BY MAGNETIC FIELD." In 24th SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 24. STEF92 Technology, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5593/sgem2024/1.1/s04.55.

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Austempered Ductile Iron (ADI) is a promising material whose structure is obtained by isothermal processing, i.e. isothermal decomposition of austenite in the bainitic range. It is used in various industrial fields. It is characterized by an excellent combination of tensile strength and ductility, exceeding the properties of quenched and tempered steels in the strength range of 800 - 1500 MPa. Its production is problematic because the ferritic or ferritic-pearlitic ductile iron (SGI), which is the basis for the production of ADI cast iron, must meet demanding metallurgical properties. These ar

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Akeer, Emad, Bruce Brown, and Srdjan Nesic. "The Influence of Mild Steel Metallurgy on the Initiation of Localized CO2 Corrosion in Flowing Conditions." In CORROSION 2013. NACE International, 2013. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2013-02383.

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Abstract The environmental conditions encountered in oil and gas wells can cause severe corrosion to mild steel tubing and pipelines and the microstructure and chemical composition of steel are considered to be important variables that affect the resistance of steel to corrosion. Five different pipeline steels with different chemical composition and microstructure were chosen to investigate the effect of their metallurgy on the properties of iron carbonate and related corrosion phenomena that could lead to localized corrosion. The effect of a high liquid flow rate on a pre-formed iron carbonat

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Di Bonaventura, M., B. Brown, M. Singer, and S. Nesic. "Effect of Flow and Steel Microstructure on the Formation of Iron Carbonate." In CORROSION 2018. NACE International, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2018-11179.

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Abstract Iron carbonate (FeCO3) is a protective layer that can form on the surface of the steel as a by-product of CO2 corrosion. This layer acts as a barrier, thus slowing down further corrosion. Temperature, CO2 partial pressure and pH are the main environmental parameters controlling FeCO3 properties. However, the combined effects of flow and material microstructure on the formation of FeCO3 have not been well documented. In this research, two materials were used to determine the effect of microstructure on the formation of iron carbonate: an annealed low alloy carbon steel (0.05 wt.% C), f

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Gavanluei, Arshad Bajvani, Faisal Al-Abbas, Brajendra Mishra, and David L. Olson. "Effects of Carbon Dioxide Partial Pressure and Strain Rate on the SCC Susceptibility of Low Alloy Tempered Martensite Tubular Steels Used in Downhole Environments." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01264.

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Abstract Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) susceptibility of a tempered martensite downhole tubular steel were evaluated in CO2 partial pressures from 500-3000 kPa and different strain rates from 5×10-7 −2 ×10-6 S-1 at 175°C in carbonate-bicarbonate environments. Constant extension rate tests coupled with a high temperature/high pressure autoclave were used. Results revealed the occurrence of SCC at CO2 partial pressure from 500-1500 kPa. However, at CO2 partial pressures greater than 1500 kPa, SCC susceptibility decreased and uniform corrosion was observed without cracking. In addition, increas

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Gavanluei, Arshad Bajvani, Brajendra Mishra, Faisal Al-Abbas, David L. Olson, and Alyaa Elramady. "Electrochemical Investigation of the Evolution of Interfacial Electrodic Processes for Downhole Tubular Steels in CO2 Saturated Environments." In CORROSION 2012. NACE International, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2012-01685.

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Abstract CO2 corrosion behavior and atomic processes at the corroding interface of a high strength low alloy tempered martensite tubular steel were investigated for 177 h at 70 and 80 °C using electrochemical and surface evaluation techniques. Linear polarization resistance (LPR) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were applied to assess the corrosion rate and evolution of atomic processes and interfacial phenomena. The corrosion rate increased at the beginning to a maximum, then, it declined with time at both temperatures. Variation of pH was monitored for the test duration, and

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Moroz, Peter J. "Factors Affecting the Wear of Grinding Media During Wet Ore Grinding When the Corrosive Component of Wear Is Small." In CORROSION 1985. NACE International, 1985. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1985-85366.

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Abstract A marked ball wear test (MBWT) was conducted in wet copper ore on a series of quenched, quenched and tempered, and normalized 0.90 C low alloy grinding balls. In the same test, three sets of high chromium white cast iron (WCI) alloys with similar volume fractions carbide, similar hardnesses but different Cr in solution levels (and thus different corrosion characteristics) were also tested. The wear characteristics of these WCI alloys were virtually identical, thus demonstrating that the corrosive contribution to the total wear process was small. When the corrosive component is small r

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Meyer, Jason, and Zhichao (Charlie) Li. "Modeling Alloy Carbide Formation and Coarsening during High-Temperature Tempering of Ferrium C64 Steel." In IFHTSE 2024. ASM International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ifhtse2024p0281.

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Abstract High-alloy steels, like Ferrium C64, are used in powertrain components due to their corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance properties. These steels undergo a tempering temperature that is well above traditional steel, and during this process alloy carbides or compounds form, increasing the materials hardness, mechanical strength, and high temperature resistance properties. In the early stages of tempering, softening occurs due to the formation and coarsening of iron carbide, followed by a hardening as the alloy elements combine to form nano-scale dispersoids. These alloy

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LeClair, M. J., J. T. Orr, M. C. Burrell, and P. C. Sander. "General Corrosion versus Temperature Trends for Austenitic Stainless Steels with Various Surface Finishes." In CORROSION 2019. NACE International, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2019-12914.

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Abstract The corrosion behavior of austenitic stainless steels (UNS S30400/S30403, S30800) with machined, electropolished, or temper filmed surfaces was tested in deaerated, pH adjusted water at 500 °F (260 °C), 550 °F (288 °C) and 620 °F (327 °C) for up to 10,000 hours. Test specimens were subsequently analyzed by X-Ray Diffraction, Auger Electron Spectroscopy, and Electron Spectroscopy for Chemical Analysis to determine oxide composition, thickness and structure. The resultant corrosion rate of the machined specimens exhibited an inverse temperature dependency, with the rates decreasing by a

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