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Journal articles on the topic 'Tin(II) and tin(IV)'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 5 June 2025

Last updated: 1 August 2025

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1

(MISS), PRAJNA KUMARI, and K. MISHRA L. "Structural Aspects of some Tin(II) and Tin(IV) Complexes with some Thiocarbohydrazones." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 72, Jul 1995 (1995): 463–65. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5905404.

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Department of Chemistry, Patna University. Patna-800 005 <em>Mmmscript received 3 December 1991, revised 17 December 1993, accepted 13 January 1994</em> Structural Aspects of some Tin(II) and Tin(IV) Complexes with some Thiocarbohydrazones

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2

Mohd Napi, Muhammad Luqman, Ng Kim Seng, and Mohd Khairul Ahmad. "Surface Morphology and Electrical Properties of FTO (Fluorine Doped Tin Oxide) with Different Precursor Solution for Transparent Conducting Oxide." Applied Mechanics and Materials 773-774 (July 2015): 682–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.773-774.682.

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Fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) thin film was prepared by using two different precursor solutions which are tin (ii) chloride dihydrate and tin (iv) chloride pentahydrate. These two precursors are used in spray pyrolysis process to prepare the fluorine doped tin oxide thin film. Surface Morphology of the thin film was characterized using field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM). FESEM image shows the particle distribution and the morphology of fluorine doped tin oxide thin film. Two point probe I-V measurement and UV-Vis spectroscopy were used to study the electrical and optical pro

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3

Piskunov, Alexandr V., Igor A. Aivaz’yan, Georgii K. Fukin, et al. "New tin(II) and tin(IV) amidophenolate complexes." Inorganic Chemistry Communications 9, no. 6 (2006): 612–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.inoche.2006.03.012.

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4

R., K. Dubey, and Pathak Sumit. "Synthesis and characterization of mixed ligand complexes of tin(II) and tin(IV)." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 85, Jan 2008 (2008): 53–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5808525.

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Synthetic Inorg. Metallo-Organic Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211 002, Uttar Pradesh <em>E-mail :</em> rajalkoxy@yahoo.com <em>Manuscript received 1 October 2007, accepted 12 October 2007</em> Some new and novel complexes of tin(II) and tin(IV) of the type [(sb)SnCI<sub>n-2</sub>(sb')] (where sb = Schiff bases; salicylidene-4-methyl-1-aminobenzene (<em>p</em>-smab<em>H</em>), salicylidene-3-nitro-1-amino benzene (snab<em>H</em>); sb' = Schiff bases; 4- nitrobenzylidene-2-aminophenol (nbaph<em>H</em>), salicylidene-2-aminopyridine (sap

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5

Soto-Tuero, L., E. Martinez-Tamayo, L. Perello, and J. Borras. "Thermal studies of tin(II) and tin(IV) dihydroxyphenolates." Thermochimica Acta 97 (January 1986): 257–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0040-6031(86)87025-3.

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6

Deacon, Paul R., Mary F. Mahon, Kieran C. Molloy, and Phillip C. Waterfield. "Synthesis and characterisation of tin(II) and tin(IV) citrates." Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, no. 20 (1997): 3705–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/a704511e.

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7

Khanderi, Jayaprakash, Lei Shi, and Alexander Rothenberger. "Hydrolysis of bis(dimethylamido)tin to tin (II) oxyhydroxide and its selective transformation into tin (II) or tin (IV) oxide." Inorganica Chimica Acta 427 (March 2015): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ica.2014.11.031.

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8

Suzuki, Kosuke, Takumi Hanaya, Rinta Sato, Takuo Minato, Kazuya Yamaguchi, and Noritaka Mizuno. "Hexanuclear tin(ii) and mixed valence tin(ii,iv) oxide clusters within polyoxometalates." Chemical Communications 52, no. 70 (2016): 10688–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cc05284c.

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A hexanuclear mixed valence tin oxide cluster [Sn<sub>3</sub><sup>2+</sup>Sn<sub>3</sub><sup>4+</sup>O<sub>15</sub>]<sup>12−</sup> was synthesized by selective oxidation of a tin oxide cluster within polyoxometalates.

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9

Klyamer, D. D., A. S. Sukhikh, D. V. Bonegardt, I. P. Asanov, and T. V. Basova. "STRUCTURAL DIVERSITY OF OCTA- AND HEXADECAFLUORINATED TIN (II) AND TIN (IV) PHTHALOCYANINES." Журнал структурной химии 65, no. 9 (2024): 131991. http://dx.doi.org/10.26902/jsc_id131991.

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In this work crystal structures of octa- and hexadecafluoro-substituted tin(II) and tin(IV) phthalocyanines are shown. Complexes were obtained by fusing of fluorinated phthalonitriles with SnCl2 (Method 1) and refluxing the initial reagents in 1-chloronaphthalene (Method 2). In the case of octafluorosubstituted tin complexes it has been shown that during synthesis by the Method 1, Sn(II)PcF8 complexes are formed. At the same time, during the synthesis by the Method 2, Sn(IV)Cl2PcF8 complexes are obtained. It was demonstrated that not only the synthesis method but also the number of fluorine su

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10

Webb, Simon J., and Jeremy K. M. Sanders. "A Tin(IV)−Ruthenium(II)−Tin(IV) Cyclic Porphyrin Trimer with Replaceable Chiral Linings." Inorganic Chemistry 39, no. 26 (2000): 5920–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic0004129.

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11

Erickson, Karla A., Dominic S. Wright, and Rory Waterman. "Dehydrocoupling of amine boranes via tin(IV) and tin(II) catalysts." Journal of Organometallic Chemistry 751 (February 2014): 541–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.11.012.

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12

Klyamer, D. D., A. S. Sukhikh, D. V. Bonegardt, I. P. Asanov, and T. V. Basova. "Structural Diversity of Octa- and Hexadecafluorinated Tin(II) and Tin(IV) Phthalocyanines." Journal of Structural Chemistry 65, no. 9 (2024): 1720–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s002247662409004x.

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13

Bekaert, Emilie, Lionel Montagne, Laurent Delevoye, Gérard Palavit, and Alain Wattiaux. "NMR and Mössbauer characterization of tin(II)–tin(IV)–sodium phosphate glasses." Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids 345-346 (October 2004): 70–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2004.07.070.

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14

KURAYASU, Hirofumi, and Yasuo INOKUMA. "Voltammetric determination of tin(II), tin(IV) and hydrolyzed tin in iron-zinc alloy plating solutions." Bunseki kagaku 42, no. 6 (1993): 337–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.2116/bunsekikagaku.42.6_337.

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15

Dong, Yixin, Gangri Cai, Qi Zhang, et al. "Solution-phase deposition of SnS thin films via thermo-reduction of SnS2." Chemical Communications 54, no. 16 (2018): 1992–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cc09198b.

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Here, we demonstrate a novel solution-based route for deposition of tin monosulfide (SnS) thin films, which are emerging, non-toxic absorber materials for low-cost and large-scale PV applications, via thermo-reducing Sn(iv) to Sn(ii).

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16

Kricheldorf, Hans R., and Steffen M. Weidner. "Syntheses of polylactides by means of tin catalysts." Polymer Chemistry 13, no. 12 (2022): 1618–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d2py00092j.

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17

Jain, Asha, Sanjiv Saxena, Audhesh K. Rai та Prabhu N. Saxena. "Assessment of Toxicity of Some Penta- and Hexacoordinated Organotin(IV) and Tetracoordinated Tin(II) Complexes of Heterocyclicβ-Diketones". Bioinorganic Chemistry and Applications 2006 (2006): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/bca/2006/60140.

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A number of penta- and hexacoordinated organotin(IV) complexes and tetracoordinated tin(II) complexes of compositionsMe2SnCl[RCOC:CON(C6H5)N:C︹CH3](whereR=−CH3,−p−ClC6H4, and−C6H5),Me2Sn[RCOC:CON(C6H5)N:C︹CH3](whereR=−CH3, and−C6H5), and Sn(II)[RCOC:CON(C6H5)N:C︹CH3](whereR=−p−ClC6H4and−C6H5) were screened for their toxicity againstMusca domestica(house fly). In general, organotin(IV) complexes contribute more to the activity than tin(II) complexes.

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18

Park, Joo-Hyun, Seong Gu Kang, Young Kuk Lee, Taek-Mo Chung, Bo Keun Park, and Chang Gyoun Kim. "Tin(II) Aminothiolate and Tin(IV) Aminothiolate Selenide Compounds as Single-Source Precursors for Tin Chalcogenide Materials." Inorganic Chemistry 59, no. 6 (2020): 3513–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03369.

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19

Edwin Suresh Raj, A. M., C. Mallika, O. M. Sreedharan, and K. S. Nagaraja. "Electrical and humidity sensing properties of tin(IV) oxide-tin(II) molybdate composites." Materials Research Bulletin 36, no. 5-6 (2001): 837–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-5408(01)00570-0.

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20

Semenov, S. Georg, and M. E. Bedrina. "Tin(II) Phthalocyaninate and Tin(IV) bis-Phthaloc Yaninate: A Quantum Chemical Study." Journal of Structural Chemistry 51, no. 4 (2010): 758–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10947-010-0111-2.

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21

Jain, Asha, Sanjiv Saxena, Audhesh K. Rai, Prabhu N. Saxena та J. Venkateshwara Rao. "Toxicity of Certain Penta-Coordinated Organotin(IV) and Tetra-Coordinated Tin(II) Complexes of Heterocyclic β–Diketones Against the Larvae of Aedes Aegypti (Liston)". Metal-Based Drugs 6, № 3 (1999): 183–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/mbd.1999.183.

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Some organotin(IV) and tin(II) complexes of composition R3Sn[ R′ COC:CON¯(C¯6¯H¯5¯)N:C¯CH3] (where R=C4H9, R′=CH3 , C3H5 ,p-Cl C6H4 ; R=C6H5 , R′=C6H5 and p-ClC6H4 ) and Sn[p-ClC6H4COC:CON¯(C¯6¯H¯5¯)N:C¯CH3]2 were screened for their toxicity against Aedes aegypti larvae. Organotin(IV) complexes were more active than tin(II) complexes.

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22

Chang, J. H., and J. Köhler. "Crystal structure of tin(II)dioxodecafluorostannate(IV), Sn4O2F10." Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - New Crystal Structures 214, no. 2 (1999): 147–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ncrs-1999-0204.

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23

Bouška, Marek, Libor Dostál, Aleš Růžička, Ludvík Beneš, and Roman Jambor. "Oxidation of Intramolecularly Coordinated Distannyne by S8: From Tin(I) to Tin(IV) Polysulfide Via Tin(II) Sulfide." Chemistry - A European Journal 17, no. 2 (2010): 450–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chem.201002584.

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24

Ikekwere, P. O., R. M. Fadamiro, O. A. Odunola, and K. S. Patel. "Complexes of Tin(II) and Tin(IV) Halides with p-Nitrosodimethylaniline and p-Nitrosodiethylaniline." Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry 20, no. 9 (1990): 1213–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00945719008048628.

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25

Taŝtekin, Mustafa, Adnan Kenar, Orhan Atakol, M. Nawaz Tahir, and Dinqer Ülkü. "Some Complexes of Tin(II) and Tin(IV) with Ono-Type Dihydroxy Schiff Bases." Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry 28, no. 10 (1998): 1727–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00945719809349426.

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26

Sargar, B. M., M. M. Rajmane, and M. A. Anuse. "Selective liquid-liquid extraction of antimony(III) from hydrochloric acid media by N-n-octylaniline in xylene." Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society 69, no. 4 (2004): 283–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jsc0404283s.

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N-n-Octylaniline in xylene was used for the extraction separation of antimony( III) from hydrochloric acid media. Antimony(III) was extracted quantitatively with 10 mL4%N-n-octylaniline in xylene. It was stripped from the organic phase with 0.5 M ammonia and estimated photometrically by the iodide method. The effect of metal ion, acid, reagent concentration and various foreign ions was investigated. The method affords binary and ternary separation of antimony(III) from tellurium(IV), selenium( IV), lead(II) bismuth(III), tin(IV), germanium(IV), copper(II), gold(III), iron(III) and zinc(II). Th

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27

Gun’ko, Yurii K., László Nagy, Wolfgang Brüser, et al. "Silsesquioxane Chemistry II. Tin(IV) and Hafnium(IV) Compounds of Silsesquioxanes." Monatshefte für Chemie / Chemical Monthly 130, no. 1 (1999): 45–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/pl00010174.

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28

Kovala-Demertzi, D., N. Kourkoumelis, P. Tavridou, A. Moukarika, P. D. Akrivos, and U. Russo. "Spectroscopic studies for adducts of 2-aminopyrimidine with tin(IV) halides and tin(II) chloride. Cis–trans isomerism in tetrabromobis(2-aminopyrimidine)tin(IV)." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 54, no. 12 (1998): 1801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1386-1425(98)00055-9.

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29

Levitskaia, Tatiana G., Sayandev Chatterjee, Natasha K. Pence, et al. "Inorganic tin aluminophosphate nanocomposite for reductive separation of pertechnetate." Environmental Science: Nano 3, no. 5 (2016): 1003–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6en00130k.

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30

Ghani, Hassan, and Emad Yousif. "Chemistry of Some Organotin Compounds." Al-Nahrain Journal of Science 24, no. 3 (2021): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22401/anjs.24.3.02.

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Organotin compounds (OTCs) are characterized as having at minimum one covalent bond between carbon and tin atoms, and are usually denoted by the formula RnSnX4-n (n =1-3, R =aryl or alkyl, X =halogen ion or a carboxylate, etc.). There are several methods to synthesis organotin compounds, they are Grignard and Kocheshkov reactions, Wurtz reaction and alkylation method. The tin has two stable state,(II) and (IV). Sn(II) forms pyramidal sp3complexes as well as trigonal bipyramidal sp3d complexes, whereas Sn(IV) forms trigonal bipyramidal sp3d complexes or octahedral sp3d2complexes.

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31

Wrackmeyer, Bernd, Klaus Horchler, and Hong Zhou. "Silylmethyl and silylamino groups as ligands in tin(II), tin(IV), lead(II) and lead(IV) compounds—a multinuclear magnetic resonance study." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular Spectroscopy 46, no. 5 (1990): 809–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0584-8539(90)80039-2.

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32

Varshney, A. K., Sarita Varshney, and Har Lal Singh. "Synthesis and Spectral Studies of Some Tin(II) and Tin(IV) Macrocyclic Schiff Base Complexes." Synthesis and Reactivity in Inorganic and Metal-Organic Chemistry 29, no. 2 (1999): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00945719909349447.

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33

Mallela, S. P., S. T. Tomic, K. Lee, J. R. Sams, and F. Aubke. "Synthesis and tin-119 Moessbauer spectra of novel cationic tin(II) and dimethyltin(IV) compounds." Inorganic Chemistry 25, no. 17 (1986): 2939–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic00237a005.

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34

Kalinowski, K., and Z. Marczenko. "Flotation separation of tin(II) from tin(IV) matrix using Rhodamine 6G and diisopropyl ether." Microchemical Journal 39, no. 2 (1989): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0026-265x(89)90031-3.

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35

Varshney, Anil, and J. P. Tandon. "Synthesis and characteristic studies of tin(II) and tin(IV) complexes of macrocyclic schiff bases." Polyhedron 5, no. 11 (1986): 1853–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0277-5387(00)84867-6.

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36

Sadeek, Sadeek A., Moamen S. Refat, and Hassan A. Hashem. "Complexation and thermogravimetric investigation on tin(II) and tin(IV) with norfloxacin as antibacterial agent." Journal of Coordination Chemistry 59, no. 7 (2006): 759–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00958970500404534.

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37

Wrackmeyer, Bernd, Gerald Kehr, Zhou Hong, and Saqib Ali. "Routes to bis(amino)tin dichlorides: exchange reactions between tin(IV) chloride and tin(II) and tin(IV) amides, and the synthesis of a cyclic bis(amino)tin dichloride from tin(IV) chloride and N,N′-di-tert-butyl-1,3-diaminopropane via HCl elimination." Inorganica Chimica Acta 197, no. 2 (1992): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0020-1693(00)84955-5.

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38

WRACKMEYER, B., G. KEHR, H. ZHOU, and S. ALI. "ChemInform Abstract: Routes to Bis(amino)tin Dichlorides: Exchange Reactions Between Tin(IV) Chloride and Tin(II) and Tin(IV) Amides, and the Synthesis of a Cyclic Bis(amino)tin Dichloride from Tin(IV) Chloride and N,N′-Di-tert- butyl-1,3-diaminopropane v." ChemInform 24, no. 4 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199304217.

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39

Ahmet, Ibrahim Y., Michael S. Hill, Paul R. Raithby, and Andrew L. Johnson. "Tin guanidinato complexes: oxidative control of Sn, SnS, SnSe and SnTe thin film deposition." Dalton Transactions 47, no. 14 (2018): 5031–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c8dt00773j.

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SnS, SnSe and SnTe are potentially important semiconductor materials. We report for the first time the oxidative controlled Aerosol assisted chemical vapor deposition (AA-CVD) of phase pure Sn(ii) chalcogenide thin films, using chalcogenide Sn(iv) guanidinate precursors, containing SnCh bonds (Ch = S, Se and Te).

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40

Pascual, Jorge, Giuseppe Nasti, Mahmoud H. Aldamasy, et al. "Origin of Sn(ii) oxidation in tin halide perovskites." Materials Advances 1, no. 5 (2020): 1066–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0ma00245c.

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41

Zöller, Thomas, Ljuba Iovkova-Berends, Thorsten Berends, Christina Dietz, Gerrit Bradtmöller, and Klaus Jurkschat. "Intramolecular N→Sn Coordination in Tin(II) and Tin(IV) Compounds Based on Enantiopure Ephedrine Derivatives." Inorganic Chemistry 50, no. 17 (2011): 8645–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ic201203u.

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42

IKEKWERE, P. O., R. M. FADAMIRO, O. A. ODUNOLA, and K. S. PATEL. "ChemInform Abstract: Complexes of Tin(II) and Tin(IV) Halides with p-Nitrosodimethylaniline and p-Nitrosodiethylaniline." ChemInform 22, no. 51 (2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199151256.

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43

Day, Roberta O., Robert R. Holmes, Alfred Schmidpeter, Karl Stoll, and Lori Howe. "Bis(tetraphenylimidodiphosphinato)tin(II) and -tin(IV) Dihalides. Conversion of Pseudo Trigonal Bipyramidal to Octahedral Geometry." Chemische Berichte 124, no. 11 (1991): 2443–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19911241112.

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44

P., Vinisha Valsaraj, and Janardanan C. "Analytical application of newly synthesized composite ion exchanger : Tin(IV) molybdosulphosalicylotungstate." Journal of Indian Chemical Society Vol. 91, Mar 2014 (2014): 553–58. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5717744.

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Post Graduate and Research Department of Chemistry, Sree Narayana College, Kannur-670 007, Kerala, India <em>E-mail </em>: vinipunep@gmail.com, jeeje_dianthus@yahoo.com <em>Manuscript received online 22 February 2013, revised 01 June 2013, accepted 01 June 2013</em> A novel composite cation-exchanger has been synthesized via sol-gel method. It was characterized on the basis of FTIR, XRD, TGA and SEM. The structural studies reveal semi-crystalline nature of the material. The effect of temperature on the ion exchange capacity was studied. The hybrid material exhibits improved thermal stability,

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45

YU, XIANG, CHENGBIAO WANG, MENG HUA, PUILAM TAM, YANG LIU, and DEYANG YU. "ADHERENT NANO-SUPERHARD TITANIUM NITRIDE FILM AND ITS FORMING MECHANISM IN MULTI-ARC ION-PLATING SYSTEM." Surface Review and Letters 14, no. 04 (2007): 789–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x07010275.

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An adherent nano-superhard titanium nitride ( TiN ) film on the substrate of Cr 12 Mo 4 V high speed steel was prefabricated in a vacuum cathode multi-arc ion-plating system. Microhardness, film-to-substrate adhesion, and microstructure of the film were investigated typically using Vickers hardometer, scratch tester, and X-ray diffractometer. Results show that: (i) the achievable film microhardness is in the range of 35–45 GPa; (ii) the critical load (Lc) of the superhard TiN film is approximately 64 N; (iii) the nm scale mean main grain sizes of the film are approximately of 12.7 nm for TiN 1

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46

Titi, Hatem M., Ranjan Patra, and Israel Goldberg. "Intermolecular iodine–iodine interactions in bis(pyridine-3-carboxylato)[tetrakis(4-iodophenyl)porphyrinato]tin(IV) and bis(pyrimidine-5-carboxylato)[tetrakis(4-iodophenyl)porphyrinato]tin(IV)." Acta Crystallographica Section C Crystal Structure Communications 69, no. 9 (2013): 1013–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108270113020209.

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Crystals of bis(pyridine-3-carboxylato)[tetrakis(4-iodophenyl)porphyrinato]tin(IV) dimethylformamide sesquisolvate, [Sn(C44H24I4N4)(C6H4NO2)2]·1.5C3H7NO, (I), and bis(pyrimidine-5-carboxylato)[tetrakis(4-iodophenyl)porphyrinato]tin(IV) dimethylformamide sesquisolvate, [Sn(C44H24I4N4)(C5H3N2O2)2]·1.5C3H7NO, (II), exhibit interporphyrin iodine–iodine halogen bonds, which direct the supramolecular assembly of the porphyrin entities into halogen-bonded layers. Each molecule interacts with its four nearest neighbours within the layerviaeight I...I interactions at approximately 3.8 and 4.0 Å. The tw

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47

Szirtes, L., J. Megyeri, E. Kuzmann, and A. Beck. "Organic derivatives of tin (II/IV): Investigation of their structure." Radiation Physics and Chemistry 80, no. 7 (2011): 786–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2010.12.009.

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48

Arslan, H., and E. Hasdemir. "Polarographic investigation of tin(II), thiosemicarbazide and selenium(IV) interaction." Trace Elements and Electrolytes 22, no. 10 (2005): 243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5414/tep22243.

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49

Indelli, M. Teresa, Claudio Chiorboli, Marco Ghirotti, et al. "Photoinduced Electron Transfer in Ruthenium(II)/Tin(IV) Multiporphyrin Arrays†." Journal of Physical Chemistry B 114, no. 45 (2010): 14273–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jp9107798.

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