Relevant bibliographies by topics / Top – Spraying

Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Top – Spraying'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 2 June 2025
Last updated: 31 July 2025

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Journal articles on the topic "Top – Spraying"

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Han, Hong Zhi, Yan Song An, Da Wei Zhang, and Wei Zhu. "Spraying Pattern Overlap and Movement Design of Automatic Electrostatic Top Spraying Machine." Applied Mechanics and Materials 365-366 (August 2013): 37–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.365-366.37.

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The high-speed spinning bell electrostatic automatic machine is the key equipment of the automotive coating line. A simplified mathematical model of the process of spraying aggradation was proposed by analyzing the working principle of electrostatic spray. Furthermore, the relationships among spraying distance, spraying speed and number of spraying pattern overlap were investigated and revealed. And the expressions for the velocities of both side spraying machine and top spraying machine are derived. This work provides an important theoretical basis for the spraying trajectory planning .
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Gan, Jiandong, Sihua Shao, Xueyou Su, Zhongru Zhang, Zhimeng Sun, and Biao Zhang. "Study on Influence Law of Key Factors of New Composite Slurry Spraying Technology." Sustainability 14, no. 16 (2022): 10297. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141610297.

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In this paper, a new type of water pressure and air pressure composite slurry is proposed to ensure the safety of spraying. Firstly, the air tightness, bending resistance and viscosity of the spraying material were measured in the laboratory. Secondly, the two-fluid VOF model was used to analyze the influence laws of the spraying process, the spraying area formed on the wall, the thickness of the spraying layer and the pressure at the nozzle (or initial flow rate), the spraying distance, the spraying time, and the spraying direction. The research shows that (1) the new composite slurry sprayin
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Moskal, Grzegorz, Aleksander Iwaniak, and Bartosz Witala. "Characterization of Microstructure and Properties of Plasma Sprayed Ceramic Coatings on AZ91 Magnesium Alloy." Defect and Diffusion Forum 312-315 (April 2011): 571–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.312-315.571.

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The paper presents the microstructure test results of carbide layers with bond coat obtained on the magnesium alloy with WC/Co – NiCr – AZ91D type thermal spraying method. Layers were sprayed with the APS method on the sandblasted surfaces of approx. 5 mm thick elements manufactured with high pressure die casting (HPDC). The standard process parameters were used for the powders sprayed. The scope of the tests included characteristics of the AZ91D alloy top surface after HPDC process and after sandblasting. The stereometric analysis of surface was performed by using the laser profilometer. The
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Souza, Felipe G., Marcelo F. Portes, Marcus V. Silva, Mauri M. Teixeira, and Marconi R. Furtado Júnior. "Impact of sprayer drone flight height on droplet spectrum in mountainous coffee plantation." Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental 26, no. 12 (2022): 901–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v26n12p901-906.

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ABSTRACT Weather conditions and sprayer operating parameters influence spray quality. Unmanned aerial vehicles are considered a modern, useful, and very efficient technological tool in the application of pesticides, as they carry out punctual spraying, and reduce environmental and public health problems. The objective of this study was to characterize the spraying quality carried out with an unmanned aerial vehicle as a function of flight height and target position in a coffee plantation in a mountainous region. Three flight heights (2.5, 3.0, and 4.0 m) were used, and the targets were placed
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Cui, Shiyu, Qiang Miao, Wenping Liang, Yi Xu, and Baiqiang Li. "Comparative analysis of tribological behavior of plasma- and high-velocity oxygen fuel-sprayed WC-10Co-4Cr coatings." Industrial Lubrication and Tribology 69, no. 2 (2017): 325–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ilt-09-2015-0129.

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Purpose The purpose of this study is to prepare WC-10Co-4Cr coatings using two processes of plasma spraying and high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) spraying. The decarburization behaviors of the different processes are analyzed individually. The microstructural characteristics of the as-sprayed coatings are presented and the wear mechanisms of the different WC–10Co–4Cr coatings are discussed in detail. Design/methodology/approach The WC–10Co–4Cr coatings were formed on the surface of Q235 steel by plasma and HVOF spraying. Findings Plasma spraying causes more decarburizing decomposition of the WC
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Myalska, Hanna, Jakub Wieczorek, Krzysztof Szymański, and Grzegorz Moskal. "The Influence of High Velocity Thermal Spraying Methods on Top Surface Topography of WC-Co Coatings." Solid State Phenomena 226 (January 2015): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.226.149.

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Characterization of top surfaces of WC-Co coatings obtained during deposition process of high velocity thermal spraying type was showed in this article. The feedstock powder was so called “superfine” powder of WC-17Co types produced by Inframat. In first part of article short characterization of powder was presented, especially characterization of it morphology including shape, internal microstructure and grain size description. The second part of article is dedicated to characterization of microstructure and topography of top surface of coatings deposited by two different methods of high velo
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Pluzhnikova, I. I., N. V. Kriushin, and I. V. Bakulova. "The influence of methods of protection against harmful organisms on the formation of morphometric indicators and economic traits of hemp plants." Agrarian science, no. 4 (May 21, 2022): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.32634/0869-8155-2022-358-4-77-84.

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Relevance. In order to optimize the methods of protecting the plant from the harmful organisms of hemp sowing, it seems significant to assess the effectiveness of modern pesticides and their effect on the physiological processes of plants.Methods. Studies were conducted on a variety of monoecious hemp of the Central Russian ecotype Nadezhda. The obtained results were analyzed in accordance with methodological recommendations for registration tests of fungicides and insecticides, methodological guidelines for conducting field and vegetation experiments with hemp.Results. Studies were carried ou
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Elekhtyar, Nehal M., Mamdouh M. A. Awad-Allah, Khalid S. Alshallash, Aishah Alatawi, Rana M. Alshegaihi, and Reem A. Alsalmi. "Impact of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi, Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria and Selected Chemical Phosphorus Fertilizers on Growth and Productivity of Rice." Agriculture 12, no. 10 (2022): 1596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture12101596.

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Phosphorus is the second most significant macro nutrient in rice productivity. Phosphorus fixation in Egyptian soil makes it unavailable for rice to absorb. The goal of this study was to examine the effects of microbial and chemical sources of phosphorus fertilizers on the Egyptian Sakha 106 rice cultivar by applying different sources of phosphorus to increase the bioavailability of soil phosphorus for plants and to allow it to be fixed biologically to change it from an insoluble form to a soluble and available form for rice to absorb. So, in the 2019 and 2020 seasons, a field experiment was c
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Čelko, Ladislav, David Jech, Karel Dvořák, Ivo Šulák, Lenka Klakurková, and Karel Obrtlík. "Durability of Amorphous and Crystalline BMAS Thermal Barrier Coatings Produced by Plasma Spraying." Solid State Phenomena 258 (December 2016): 383–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.258.383.

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Barium-Magnesium-Aluminium-Silicate (BMAS) powder was produced from a mixture of initial compounds BaO–MgO–Al2O3–SiO2 by means of solid state synthesis at the temperature of 1200 °C for 3 hours in a laboratory furnace. Synthetized powder was crushed into the fraction of 15-45 μm in a planetary ball mill. Thermal barrier coating system consisting of CoNiCrAlY (bond coat) and BMAS (top coat) was sprayed by atmospheric plasma spray technique onto the polycrystalline nickel-based superalloy substrate. During plasma spraying process, the BMAS underwent phase transformation and the amorphous phase w
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Alam, M., M. M. Huq, and M. D. Hussain. "Performance of a Hand Operated Rotary Sprayer." Journal of Agricultural Machinery and Bioresources Engineering 2, no. 1 (1995): 65–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.61361/jambe.v2i1.50.

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A hand operated rotary sprayer was fabricated by using locally available materials such as G.I. sheet, wood, rope and plastic tube. Performance studies were carried out at different throughputs and spraying heights at normal walking speed. The field capacity of the sprayer was 0.49 ha/hr or 16.6 l/ha at spraying height of 50 cm, nozzle speed of 2000 rpm, working speed of 2 km/hr, and spray discharge was 133.5 ml/min. The lateral distributions of the spray liquid from the rotary sparyer were measured. It was observed that about 65% of the total spray output was deposited within the radius of 50
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Top – Spraying"

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Valena, Martin. "Konstrukce stacionární jednotky pro mazání hlavy kolejnice." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402512.

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This master’s thesis describes design and realization of a wayside unit for top-of-rail lubrication (TOR). TOR lubricant application causes wear reduction and lower noise emission. Firstly, patent analysis was provided and critically evaluated according to which requirements for developed device were specified – accurate dosage of small lubricant volume and high repeatability. On the basis of concept design, an experimental rig was created and used for lubricant application verification and spray lubrication parameter identification. Acquired results are considered in the final design of waysi
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Ferrer, Pablo Gustavo Silva. "SISTEMA DE APOIO À DECISÃO EM TECNOLOGIA DE APLICAÇÃO DE PRECISÃO (SISD-TAP) PARA A OTIMIZAÇÃO DA GESTÃO DE PRAGAS NAS CULTURAS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2014. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/3626.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>Due to the large number and complexity of factors influencing the study of efficiency and efficacy of pesticide application technology, it becomes difficult to develop multivariate methods, to define indicators of interdisciplinary and integrative manner, to control phytosanitary crops. This work conducted with the objective to develop a Decision Support System in Precision Application Technology (SISD-TAP). Which can form simple, practical and effective, providing alternatives and / or scenarios: Normalized (application volume P
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Books on the topic "Top – Spraying"

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New Brunswick. Dept. of Agriculture., ed. The renovation of old orchards. Top grafting old trees. The orchard spraying campaign. Dept. of Agriculture?], 1997.

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Kravchenko, Igor', Maksim Glinskiy, Sergey Karcev, Viktor Korneev, and Diana Abdumuminova. Resource-saving plasma technology in the repair of processing equipment. INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1083289.

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In the monograph methodological bases of selection of method of coating, design of technological processes of hardening and recovery of the wearing surfaces of parts using a systems engineering analysis and information support technologist. The mathematical model of plasma spraying of materials with different thermal conductivity and methods criteria for evaluation of technical and technological opportunities of a plasma coating method. Describes the methods and results of experimental studies, the analysis of the conditions and causes of loss of efficiency of processing equipment APK. The pro
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Karter, Antonio. Top 101 Guide to Common HVAC Noises Explained: Pretty a Great Deal All Domestic Structures Make Some Noises at Positive Times--The Dishwasher Spraying Water on Dishes, Your Fridge Running, and So On. Independently Published, 2022.

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Gould, E. A. Mosquito-borne arboviruses. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198570028.003.0039.

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The arboviruses are all single-stranded RNA viruses, although they belong to four different viral families. Several important human pathogens belong to the mosquito-borne arboviruses including yellow fever, Japanese encephalitis and Rift Valley Fever. They cause a wide range of illnesses from unrecognised infection to severe systemic disease with hemorrhagic complications and encephalitis with a high mortality similar range of illnesses is seen in infected animals.Arboviruses have several unique characteristics, these include; an ability to infect and be transmitted by mosquitos, ticks, midges
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Mavhunga, Clapperton Chakanetsa. The Mobile Workshop. The MIT Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262535021.001.0001.

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The tsetse fly is a pan-African insect that bites an infective forest animal and ingests blood filled with invisible parasites, which it carries and transmits into cattle and people as it bites them, leading to n'gana (animal trypanosomiasis) and sleeping sickness. This book examines how the presence of the tsetse fly turned the forests of Zimbabwe and southern Africa into an open laboratory where African knowledge formed the basis of colonial tsetse control policies. The book traces the pestiferous work that an indefatigable, mobile insect does through its movements, and the work done by huma
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Kaplan, Gisela. Tawny Frogmouth. CSIRO Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9781486308170.

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The tawny frogmouth is one of Australia’s most intriguing and endearing birds. Written by award-winning author Gisela Kaplan, one of Australia’s leading authorities on animal behaviour and native birds, this second edition of Tawny Frogmouth presents an easy-to-read account of these unique nocturnal birds, which can be found across almost the entire continent. Fully revised and updated throughout, this book combines 20 years of systematic observation with published research and information from regional surveys, and represents the most comprehensive single study ever conducted on tawny frogmou
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Kaplan, Gisela. Tawny Frogmouth. CSIRO Publishing, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643095090.

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The tawny frogmouth is both intriguing and endearing. In this new book, well-known author Gisela Kaplan presents us with an easy-to-read account of these unique nocturnal birds of the Australian bush. &#x0D; This detailed account of life, behaviour and biology of tawny frogmouths is based on the most comprehensive single study ever conducted on tawny frogmouths, including wild and hand-raised birds. It combines ten years of systematic observation with published research to take us across a surprising range of characteristics and special features of this unusual bird. This book also notes insig
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Gleń-Karolczyk, Katarzyna. Zabiegi ochronne kształtujące plonowanie zdrowotność oraz różnorodność mikroorganizmów związanych z czernieniem pierścieniowym korzeni chrzanu (Atmoracia rusticana Gaertn.). Publishing House of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15576/978-83-66602-39-7.

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Horseradish roots, due to the content of many valuable nutrients and substances with healing and pro-health properties, are used more and more in medicine, food industry and cosmetics. In Poland, the cultivation of horseradish is considered minor crops. In addition, its limited size causes horseradish producers to encounter a number of unresolved agrotechnical problems. Infectious diseases developing on the leaves and roots during the long growing season reduce the size and quality of root crops. The small range of protection products intended for use in the cultivation of horseradish generate
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Book chapters on the topic "Top – Spraying"

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Su, Yunsheng, Xihan Cheng, and Jiaxing Li. "Membrane-Based Modularization in Prefabrication System Design as a Strategy in Emergency Buildings." In Computational Design and Robotic Fabrication. Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-8405-3_35.

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AbstractThis article is about the application of air film-based modular prefabrication system design strategy in emergency buildings. To determine the typical and essential behavior of membrane structures, this paper reviews and compares relevant theories, experiments, and simulations on architectural performance, mechanical properties of membrane materials, and membrane structure performance. In addition, this project tries to use the robotic arm spraying technology to study the strategy of trajectory generation. First, import the model shape into the software for multiple trajectory simulati
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Ohba, K., P. R. Son, and Y. Dakemoto. "Some Aspects of Electrohydrodynamic Spraying in Cone-Jet Mode." In Laser Techniques Applied to Fluid Mechanics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-56963-0_36.

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Zeller, R., J. Domnick, E. Schubert, H. W. Bergmann, and F. Durst. "Phase-Doppler Anemometry (PDA) a New Tool for Monitoring Thermal Spraying." In Developments in Laser Techniques and Applications to Fluid Mechanics. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79965-5_10.

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Bakshi, Suman, Johar Singh, and Sanjay J. Jambhulkar. "Isolation and characterization of yellow rust resistant mutants in wheat." In Mutation breeding, genetic diversity and crop adaptation to climate change. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249095.0010.

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Abstract Stripe rust, also known as yellow rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici (Pst), is a major threat to wheat production leading to yield losses up to 84%. Due to climate change, new races of the yellow rust pathogen are appearing for which no durable source of resistance has been observed in the present high-yielding varieties. A mutation breeding programme was initiated in two popular varieties, namely PBW343 and HD2967, using gamma-ray and electron beam irradiation. Gamma-ray doses of 250, 300 and 350 Gy and electron beam doses of 150, 200 and 250 Gy were used for seed ir
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Sadri, Ehsan, and Fakhreddin Ashrafizadeh. "High Temperature Nanocomposite Coatings by Plasma Spraying for Friction and Wear Applications." In Production, Properties, and Applications of High Temperature Coatings. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-4194-3.ch009.

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In conventional high temperature solid lubricants, during thermal cycling, a reduction of lubrication performance results in fluctuating friction coefficient and formation of abrasive wear debris. Moreover, the demand for high temperature solid lubrication in the range 300-1000 °C has led to development of self-lubricating wear resistant coatings of desired characteristics at high temperatures. This chapter introduces typical nanostructured ceramic matrix coatings produced by plasma spraying for self-lubricating wear resistance purposes in a wide temperature range. Production and properties of
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G, Bharath, and Dr Devaraj E. "THERMAL BARRIER COATINGS TECHNIQUES AND MATERIALS." In Futuristic Trends in Mechanical Engineering Volume 3 Book 7. Iterative International Publisher, Selfypage Developers Pvt Ltd, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.58532/v3bfme7p3ch4.

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Enhancing combustion energy utilization is the main focus in order to reduce energy waste and fuel consumption, which would ultimately aid in lowering pollution levels. The review of the study is about the thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) as a critical method for minimizing combustion energy losses in ICEs. TBCs, which have multiple layers, are used to protect engine parts from the heat. It is explained in detail how the primary layers' bond coats and top coatings boost engine performance. Two different forms of TBCs, fast heat response coatings and low heat rejection coatings, each have unique
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Nelson, William M. "Green Solvents: Ecology and Economics." In Green Solvents for Chemistry. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195157369.003.0009.

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Abstract The use of solvents in the chemical industry and chemical-related industries is ubiquitous. In 1991, the production of the 25 most commonly used solvents was more than 26 million tons per year. According to EPCRA section 313 data, of the chemicals and chemical categories tracked by the program in 1994, five of the top 10 chemicals released or disposed of were solvents, and included methanol, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, and dichloromethane. The total quantity of these chemicals released or disposed of was over 687 million pounds, which accounts for 27 per cent of the total qu
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Atesmen, M. Kemal. "Solidification of Molten Surface Coating on a Semi-Infinite Solid Substrate." In Case Studies in Transient Heat Transfer With Sensitivities to Governing Variables. ASME, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.886786_ch18.

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In this chapter, we will investigate surface coating by thermal spraying of molten material on a semi-infinite solid substrate. Wire or powder flame spraying on the surface of a solid substrate is a very reliable and cost-effective process used for corrosion, erosion and wear resistance in automotive and aerospace industries and on bridges, ships and other structures. Aluminum oxide and zinc alloys are most widely used molten materials for flame spraying on iron and steel.
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Kuroyama, Y., M. Higashikata, S. Nakamura, M. Ohgaki, M. Akao, and H. Aoki. "Crystal Chemistry and Biocompatibility of α-TCP produced from β-TCP by a Plasma Spraying Technique." In Bioceramics. Elsevier, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7506-0269-3.50013-x.

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Haffenden, John. "Ménage à Trois." In William Empson. Oxford University PressOxford, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199276608.003.0013.

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Abstract one occasion he wrote for her (in 1971) a letter to The Times suggesting that research might be done on a possible connection between the spraying of tobacco with pesticides and an increase in the risk of chronic bronchitis and lung cancer. Is it not possible, she suggested through his words, that trace compounds of pesticide origin might add to the number of carcinogenic substances in tobacco smoke or else introduce a poisonous element into the situation by altering the way in which the tobacco burns ‘I think there was a sigh of relief all round when Hetta went to, ‘ Alice Stewart re
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Conference papers on the topic "Top – Spraying"

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Saffarzade, Peyman, Amit Roy, Fadhel Ben Ettouil, Martin Pugh, Christian Moreau, and Rogerio S. Lima. "Laser Treatment of Columnar YSZ Coatings Produced by Suspension Plasma Spraying." In ITSC 2025. ASM International, 2025. https://doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2025p0477.

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Abstract In this study, columnar yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) topcoats were deposited by suspension plasma spraying (SPS). A laser treatment was used to create a remelted layer at the surface of the SPS coatings. The influence of key laser parameters, such as scanning speed and laser power, on the microstructure of the remelted top layer of the columns in the SPS coatings was investigated. It is hypothesized that such a process could significantly improve the durability and performance of SPS-deposited TBCs by minimizing calcium-magnesium-alumino-silicate (CMAS) penetration.
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Nam, Jingak, and William H. Hartt. "Effects of Relative Humidity and Temperature on Chloride Diffusion and Time-To-Corrosion of Reinforcing Steel in Concrete." In CORROSION 2005. NACE International, 2005. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2005-05257.

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Abstract A series of reinforced G109 type specimens was exposed to different combinations of relative humidity (RH) and temperature while ponded with a 15 weight percent (w/o) NaCl solution. Potential and macro-cell current between top and bottom bars were monitored as indicators of the time at which corrosion initiated. Companion non-reinforced cylinders were exposed both to these same temperatures at about 80 percent RH while continuously ponded with 15 w/o NaCl and to constant relative humidities at ambient temperature while subjected to intermittent spraying with the same solution. In addi
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Neale, Douglas H., and David Butler. "Lifetime General-Purpose Bomb Renovation Using Wire Arc Spray at the Blue Grass Army Depot." In CORROSION 2004. NACE International, 2004. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2004-04724.

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Abstract The Blue Grass Army Depot (BGAD) has modified its bomb renovation facility system to incorporate the thermal wire-arc spray (“metallizing”) process for “lifetime” corrosion protection on general-purpose bomb casings. Along with upgrades to existing abrasive blast and conventional painting systems, BGAD retrofitted and integrated a dedicated booth and dust filtration/collection system for spraying 85/15 zinc/aluminum sacrificial alloy in the production renovation conveyor line. Bombs are now brought in from field storage, inspected and grit-blasted to remove existing coatings and corro
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Chung, Kevin, Robert Gill, Thomas E. Pizanowski, Fred Lo, Maurice Leblon, and Albert Chung. "Field Applicable PVDF Protection Coating for Corrosion and Carbonation Protection of Reinforced Concrete Structure." In CONFERENCE 2024. AMPP, 2024. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2024-20849.

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Abstract The sudden and unforeseen 2021 collapse of the 12-story beachfront condominium in the Miami suburb of Surfside, Florida, United States is a wakeup call for building safety particularly to those older buildings facing the same seaside environment. In this paper, the authors provide test data and proven evidences in related fields for a surface, field applicable PVDF coating solution that arguably can arrest and stop further concrete degradation and rebar corrosion of reinforced concrete structures and buildings. A field applicable (by brushing, roller coating, or spraying) patent-pendi
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Persson, C., P. Bengtsson, J. Wigren, and D. Greving. "Modeling and Characterization of Residual Stresses and Microstructure in Thermal Barrier Coatings after Plasma Spraying." In ITSC 1996, edited by C. C. Berndt. ASM International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1996p0941.

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Abstract Thermal barrier coatings with a zirconia top coating and a NiCoCrAlY bond coating were plasma sprayed onto a nickelbase alloy. The pre-heating of the bond coated substrates and the cooling during the top coating spraying were varied to produce five different spray sets. A finite element model was developed to predict the heat transfer and the resulting thermal stresses during the spraying. A layer removal technique was used to measure the residual stresses in the as-sprayed samples. The measurements revealed low residual stresses in the top coatings and tensile stresses in the order o
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Thompson, J. A., and T. W. Clyne. "The Stiffness of Plasma Sprayed Zirconia Top Coats in TBCS." In ITSC 1999, edited by E. Lugscheider and P. A. Kammer. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1999p0835.

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Abstract Thermal barrier coatings systems are composed of a zirconium dioxide-(6 to 8 wt.%) yttrium oxide ceramic top coat about 300-500 micrometer in thickness, deposited either by air plasma spraying or electron beam assisted physical vapour deposition, over an MCrAlY (M = Ni, Co or NiCo) bond coat, about 100 micrometer thick, deposited by vacuum plasma spraying. In this paper, the stiffness of as-sprayed zirconia is measured using three different techniques, namely cantilever beam bending, ultrasonic resonance and nanoindentation. The paper explores the effect of post-deposition heat treatm
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Ulianitsky, V., A. Shtertser, S. Zlobin, and I. Smurov. "Metallization of Plastics by Detonation Spraying." In ITSC2008, edited by B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima, and G. Montavon. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2008p0975.

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Abstract Metallization of plastics by thermal spraying is studied. The possibility to obtain high adhesion of metal particles to the surface of a wide range of plastic materials is shown. Powders are sprayed with a new generation detonation gun “Dragon” designed at Lavrentyev Institute of Hydrodynamics SB RAS. The apparatus is characterized by a high-precision gas supply system and a dosed localized powder feeding system. Computer control provides a flexible programmed readjustment of the detonation gases energy impact on powder particles which is a key factor in precision control of spraying
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Tillmann, W., E. Vogli, and M. Abdulgader. "Functionally Graded Coatings Produced by Means of Twin Wire Arc Spraying." In ITSC2010, edited by B. R. Marple, A. Agarwal, M. M. Hyland, et al. DVS Media GmbH, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2010p0613.

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Abstract Functionally graded coatings (FGC), in which the composition and properties vary gradually from the bond layer to the top layer, are introduced in this study. Using a mixing nozzle, a graded coating was generated employing twin wire spraying (TWAS) process. The deposition started with a base layer of massive metallic wires for better adhesion to the substrate. At following top layers hard material, in form of powders, was injected to the massive wires to enhance the wear protection. The results show that microstructure, porosity, and compositions are gradually varied in the coatings.
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Yang, H., H. G. Wang, and X. P. Cao. "Thermal Shock Resistance of Thick Graded Nanostructured Zirconia-NiCoCrAlY Composite Coatings by Plasma Spraying." In ITSC2005, edited by E. Lugscheider. Verlag für Schweißen und verwandte Verfahren DVS-Verlag GmbH, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2005p0499.

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Abstract Thick Nanostructured PSZ- NiCoCrAlY graded TBCs were got by air plasma spraying. The results reveal the morphology and phase transformation of TBCs by means of SEM and XRD. The plasma spray process results in a characteristic layered structure consisting of lamellae, unmelted nano-particles and an inter-lamellar porosity. The test results of thermal shock show that the graded coatings have different failure behavior, which caused by thermal stress, radial cracks penetrating and substrate oxidation. The failure mode was the spallation of top coat due to thermal stress. The improved str
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Wei, G., M. Zhang, W. Zhang, H. Zhang, L. Zhang, and S. Sampath. "To Achieve Epitaxy Thermal Spraying by Substrate Melting." In ITSC2007, edited by B. R. Marple, M. M. Hyland, Y. C. Lau, C. J. Li, R. S. Lima, and G. Montavon. ASM International, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc2007p0738.

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Abstract There have been recent efforts to expand the thermal spraying capabilities for novel corrosion resistant coatings for metal bipolar plates were produced by thermal spraying for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell applications. Recently, substrate heated by plasma gun or by external laser beam has been proposed to enhance the mechanical and thermal properties of the coatings. Studies were found that with sufficient substrate heating, substrate melting may happen. When droplets solidified on a thin liquid layer on the top of the substrate, conditions will be similar to crystal grow
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Reports on the topic "Top – Spraying"

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Arnold, Joshua, and Harold Winnie. DTPH56-15-H-CAAP06 Mitigating Pipeline Corrosion using a Smart Thermal Spraying Coating System. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011767.

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Shtienberg, Dan, William Fry, Amos Dinoor, Thomas Zitter, and Uzi Kafkafi. Reduction in Pesticide Use in Plant Disease Control by Integration of Chemical and Non-Chemical Factors. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613027.bard.

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The long term goal of this research project was to improve control efficiency of Alternaria diseases while reducing fungicide use, by integration of chemical and non-chemical factors. Non-chemical factors were genotype resistance, age-related resistance and fertilizers. The Specific objectives were: 1) To quantify changes in resistance among genotypes and over time in terms of disease development and specific phases of the disease cycle; 2) To quantify the effects of fertilizers applied to the foliage alone, or in combination with a fungicide, on disease development; 3) To quantify the relativ
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Boesten, J. J. T. I., H. J. Holterman, L. Wipfler, M. M. S. ter Horst, J. C. van de Zande, and P. I. Adriaanse. Scenarios for exposure of aquatic organisms to plant protection products in the Netherlands : Part 2: Sideways and upward spraying in Dutch fruit crops (interim report). Wageningen Environmental Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/432049.

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Boesten, J. J. T. I., P. I. Adriaanse, H. J. Holterman, et al. Scenarios for exposure of aquatic organisms to plant protection products in the Netherlands : Part 2: Sideways and upward spraying in Dutch fruit crops (final report). Wageningen Environmental Research, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/549658.

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Miles, Gaines E., Yael Edan, F. Tom Turpin, et al. Expert Sensor for Site Specification Application of Agricultural Chemicals. United States Department of Agriculture, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570567.bard.

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In this work multispectral reflectance images are used in conjunction with a neural network classifier for the purpose of detecting and classifying weeds under real field conditions. Multispectral reflectance images which contained different combinations of weeds and crops were taken under actual field conditions. This multispectral reflectance information was used to develop algorithms that could segment the plants from the background as well as classify them into weeds or crops. In order to segment the plants from the background the multispectrial reflectance of plants and background were st
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Holterman, H. J., P. I. Adriaanse, M. M. S. ter Horst, A. Tiktak, L. Wipfler, and J. C. van de Zande. Scenarios for exposure of aquatic organisms to plant protection products in the Netherlands. Part 3, Spray applications in avenue tree nurseries and downward spraying underneath fruit trees. Stichting Wageningen Research, Wageningen Plant Research, Business Unit Agrosystems Research, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/551990.

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Sim, Sokcheng, Socheat Keo, and Molideth Sarom. Pesticide Use Practices in Cambodia’s Vegetable Farming. Cambodia Development Resource Institute, 2021. https://doi.org/10.64202/wp.128.202108.

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Pesticides are agricultural technologies that farmers use to control pests and weeds and remain an important modern input for crop production including vegetable farming. There are many types of pesticides, such as insecticides, fungicides, rodenticides and herbicides, that target different threats to crops. While the potential production benefits of chemical pesticides are undeniable, people are becoming more aware of their risks. There is an array of dangers associated with inappropriate pesticide use. As pesticides are a poison, they pose inherent health risks to the farmers exposed to them
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Lindow, Steven E., Shulamit Manulis, Dan Zutra, and Dan Gaash. Evaluation of Strategies and Implementation of Biological Control of Fire Blight. United States Department of Agriculture, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568106.bard.

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The main objective of this study was to develop data that would facilitate a consistently effective method of biological control of fire blight disease to be developed and to enable its implementation for disease control by ensuring its compatibility with variations in the biological, environmental, and chemical conditions present in pear orchards. As considerable information on the pathogen and biological control of fire blight was already gathered from studies in California and elsewhere, an emphasis was placed on investigating the genetics and ecology of Erwinia amylovora, the causal agent
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