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Journal articles on the topic 'Translation shifts'
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1
Berman, Sidney. "TRANSLATION SHIFTS AND THE IMPROVEMENT OF BIBLE TRANSLATIONS: THE CASE OF RUTH 4:13 IN THE SETSWANA VERSIONS." Journal for Semitics 24, no. 2 (November 17, 2017): 470–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/1013-8471/3464.
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This article proposes that the starting point for the improvement of Bible translations in sub-Saharan Africa is the identification and analysis of translation shifts. Shifts are differences between the corresponding portions of a translation and the source text. The concept of shifts is motivated by the observation that differences between a Bible translation and its source text are inevitable. This article demonstrates that the demarcation and examination of a shift can greatly enlighten the hypothesis of circumstances that caused the shift. Consequently, the translator or reviewer can be alert to the influence of similar circumstances contemporarily and find possible ways to eliminate or modify the shift. The article uses the text of Ruth 4:13 from Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia. The three Setswana Bibles that are compared with Biblia Hebraica Stuttgartensia are the translations by Robert Moffat (1857), Alfred Wookey (1908) and Bible Society of South Africa (1970). After examination and comparison, the article hypothesizes on the circumstances that may have caused the shifts of Ruth 4:13. It ends with suggestions for translating the verse without causing shifts.
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Rezvani, Reza, and Peyman Nouraey. "A Comparative Study of Shifts in English Translations of The Quran: A Case Study on “Yusuf” Chapter." Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 17, no. 1 (April 2014): 70–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2014.17.1.70.
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Long since Translation Studies emerged as a nascent academic discipline, it has seen a considerable number of descriptive theories and models, among which, Catford’s (1965) translation ‘shift’ approach has garnered particular attention within the realm of translational comparative studies. Quranic texts have constantly been the center of attention, as the Quran has established itself as the most famous and sublime text in Arabic. As such, the present comparative study aimed at investigating the frequencies of different types of translation shifts occurring in translations form Arabic into English drawing on Catford’s (1956) shift typology. To this end, seven translations of the first thirty verses of the Chapter ‘Yusuf’ rendered by Sarwar, Arberry, Irring, Pickthall, Saffarzade, Shakir and Yusef Ali were selected to be studied. First, each element was compared for any probable shift(s). Then, the Chi-square procedure was applied in order to establish the existence of any statistically significant differences in shift frequencies. The results indicated that there was a statistically significant difference between five types of shifts. The results also revealed that the most frequent translation shifts from Arabic into Persian were Unit shifts and Level shifts with a mean of 83 and 49 respectively.
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van Leuven-Zwart, Kitty M. "Translation and Original." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 2, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 69–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.2.1.05leu.
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Abstract This article presents a method for the establishment and description of shifts in integral translations of narrative texts. The method is based on the premise that both micro- and macrostructural shifts in translation can furnish indications of the translational norms adopted by the translator, his interpretation of the original text and the strategy applied during the process of translation. In the first installment of the article (Target 1:2) the first component of the method was discussed, acomparative model for the classification of microstructural shifts. In addition, the theoretical basis of the second component, the descriptive model, was presented, focusing on the effects of microstructural shifts on the macrostructural level. The second installment gives a detailed explanation of the descriptive model (Section 4) and a brief account of the results which were obtained when the method was applied.
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Supriyatno, Iwan. "THE ANALYSIS OF STRUCTURE SHIFT IN THE ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THESIS ABSTRACTS FOUND AT TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY HALU OLEO UNIVERSITY." Journal of Teaching English 4, no. 1 (March 21, 2019): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.36709/jte.v4i1.13908.
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This study is an attempt to contribute in the study of translation shift. The goal is to find out and describe the structure shift that occurs in Indonesian-English translation. This study also analized the accuracy of translations that contain structure shifts. The analysis was specifically directed to the thesis abstracts and their English translation version that taken from the library of Teacher Training and Education Faculty, Halu Oleo University. This study employed qualitative design. The total abstracts involved as source of data in this study were 2 abstracts that came from one study program, that is, Early-childhood Education. The analysis of the structure shift was based on the theory of Catford (1965). The result revealed that the structure shifts do exist in the translation of the thesis abstracts. Specifically, there are 10 structure shifts found in this study. Furthermore from these data, 4 of them are considered inaccurate translation; 5 are considered accurate translation; and only 1 is considered very accurate translation. This study concluded that the translator‟s comprehension about the target language system is highly required in order to produce an accurate translation. This study also suggests that the translation shifts shoud be included as one topic to be discussed in translation class. Keywords: Structure shift, Accuracy, Thesis Abstract
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Leuven-Zwart, Kitty M. van. "Translation and Original." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 1, no. 2 (January 1, 1989): 151–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.1.2.03leu.
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Abstract This article presents a method for the establishment and description of shifts in integral translations of narrative texts. The method is based on the premise that both micro- and macrostructural shifts in translation can furnish indications of the translational norms adopted by the translator, his interpretation of the original text and the strategy applied during the process of translation. Further it is based on the assumption that research on the nature and frequency of microstructural shifts must precede research on macrostructural ones, in order to guarantee that findings are verifiable and the study repeatable. Thus, the method developed consists of two components: a comparative and a descriptive model. The comparative model is designed for the classification of microstructural shifts, i.e. semantic, stylistic and pragmatic shifts within sentences, clauses and phrases. The descriptive model focuses on the effects of microstructural shifts on the macrostructural level. With the aid of this model shifts with respect to characters, events, time, place and other meaningful components of the text can be determined and described.
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Chairina, Melyanda Agustin, Jufrizal Jufrizal, and M. Yusdi. "FORM SHIFTS IN TRANSLATING PASSIVE CLAUSES FOUND IN NOVEL HARRY POTTER: HARRY POTTER AND THE DEATHLY HALLOWS." Humanus 18, no. 2 (November 12, 2019): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.24036/humanus.v18i2.104342.
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Shift is one of the phenomena in translation to suit with the acceptability of translation product. This article aims at finding out the shifts of form in translating passive clauses found in the novel Harry Potter translated by Listiana Srisanti. This research used a qualitative method where the research analysis relied on linguistic description and employed meaning-based to reveal and describe how is the existence of shifts of form and meaning in the translation. The data of this research were passive clauses taken from the novel “Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows” as the source language (SL), and the passive clauses translation in the target language (TL) obtained from the translated Novel “Harry Potter dan Relikui Kematian.” Based on the data analysis, it shows that the translation shift of form comprised structure shifts 67 data (60%), class shifts 37 data (33 %), and unit shifts 8 data (7%). Even though the shifts found in the translation, there was an acceptable translation of passive clauses. Thus, it indicated that there are shifts in translation, but it was acceptable.
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Ghoreishi, Seyyed Mohammad Hossein, and Sirwan Aminzadeh. "The Effects of Translation Shifts on The Readability in Translation of Children’s Literature." Asian Social Science 12, no. 6 (May 20, 2016): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ass.v12n6p239.
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<p>This study examines the effects of translation shifts on the level of readability in translating children’s literature. It conducts this study on three Persian translations of “<em>Alice’s Adventures in the Wonderland</em>” to rank Catford’s shifts based on their effects on the readability of translation. To do that, in this study, the typology of Catford’s shifts will be extended, and the way to measure text readability will be modulated to include the effects of these shifts on the translation readability.</p><p>Thus, Ranking 14 types of shifts, the study reveals that complex shifts (represented as clauses and groups in the texts) are more effective than simple shifts (which are symbolized as single word -nouns and adjective, determiners- in the text) on the readability of translations. This means the complex shifts are more recognizable for children. Of course, verbs, although are mostly the representatives of simple shifts, are very effective on readability of text. Since, they, along with clause and group segments, are will recognizable for them. Therefore children cannot determine the place of single words in the text, but are expert in realizing word clusters in form of clauses and groups.</p>
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Károly, Krisztina. "Shifts in repetition vs. shifts in text meaning." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 22, no. 1 (June 30, 2010): 40–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.22.1.04kar.
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This study focuses on the discoursal role of repetition, exploring the way shifts in repetition patterns in text trigger coherence shifts, altering the meaning potential of translations. As repetition in translation has been hypothesized to be affected by certain universals of translation, the paper also offers initial data to support the universals of explicitation and avoiding repetition. Lexical repetitions are investigated using Hoey’s (1991) theory in a corpus of Hungarian—English news texts. Analyses reveal considerable shifts in repetition in translations; however, these differences are not statistically significant. The corpus also provides evidence for repetition shifts affecting the macropropositional structure of target texts, leading to macropropositional shifts, which alter the global meaning of translations compared to sources.
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Astari, Nyoman Yuli. "THE SHIFT OF LEXICAL COHESION IN TRANSLATION OF THE NOVEL THE ADVENTURES OF SHERLOCK HOLMES." Lingual: Journal of Language and Culture 7, no. 1 (June 2, 2019): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ljlc.2019.v07.i01.p07.
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This paper aims to describe the translation equivalent of the lexical cohesion found in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes; and to identify the effects of shift of cohesion in translation of “The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes “ and its translation. In this paper qualitative descriptive method is used to describe or analyze the data of shift of cohesion in translation. The finding shows that the lexical cohesion in the text is built by a number of repetition, synonymy, near-synonymy, superordinate, general word and collocation. Shifts of cohesion found in the novel are shifts in the level of explicitness and shifts in the textual meaning(s). Shifts in the level of explicitness; i.e. the general level of the target texts’ textual explicitness is higher or lower than that of the source text and Shifts in the textual meaning(s); i.e. the explicit and implicit meaning potential of the source text changes through translations.
Key words: lexical cohesion, translation strategy, and shift of cohesion.
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Mabruroh, Mabruroh. "An Analysis on Indonesian English Translation Shifts Found in Two Short Stories of Bilingual Children Book Series Published by “Gema Insani”." LUNAR 2, no. 02 (November 5, 2018): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36526/ln.v2i02.532.
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English is international language which everyone should understand even a little. In this research, the researcher deals about translation shift especially in the bilingual children books. Indonesian is the source language while English as the target language. The objective of this research are to find out kinds of translations shift and to know how are the translation shift applied in translating two of short stories there are “Cerita Si Lebah and Cerita Si kupu-kupu”. This book very interesting, many children like to read this book, because this book makes children easy to learn English. In book Cerita Si Lebah and Si Kupu-Kupu translating Indonesian into English there are a shifting. Shift is departures from formal correspondence in the process of going from SL into the TL. There are two types Translation shift they are Level Shift and Category Shift.
The method of this research uses descriptive qualitative method. The data analysis used by the researcher is content analysis. The researcher read and compares both Indonesian as the source language and English as the target language. The researcher took the entire sentence from the Indonesian text and English text, check whether there are shifts in translations which are taken the valid data. Then, analyze the types of translation shifts occurred and draw conclusion based on the analysis.
The objects being analyzed are books entitle Cerita Si Lebah and Cerita Si Kupu-Kupu. The researcher takes the data from that’s book found 22 data there are 1 data is Level Shift and 21 data is category shift. Then, from Cerita si Lebah was found 9 data, they are level shift and category shift. The category shifts found are unit shift, structure shift and class shift. From Cerita Si Kupu-Kupu book found 13 data they are category shift, they are structure shift and Intra system shift. So, it can be concluded that the translation shift found in two short are mostly category shift.
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Ghateolbahr, Abdolrahman, and Ehsan Mohammadinejad. "An investigation into the use of Catford's shifts in translating short stories: translating english grammatical sentences into persian in focus." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, Extra-C (June 19, 2021): 153–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-622020217extra-c998p.153-162.
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The present study investigated the use of Catford's shifts in the Persian translation. To achieve the research objectives, the researcher used a qualitative research design to examine Catford’s Translation Shifts category (1965). The research corpus was 50 English sentences of Introductory Steps to Understanding book and its Persian translation by 100 elementary EFL learners. The findings showed that shift structure, unit shift, class shift, and in-system shifts were used by learners. Also, the most shift used by learners was a structural shift. The findings achieved in this study indicated the applicability of shifts in translating grammatical sentences in Persian. Due to the complexity and variety of languages and their structure, the role of translation is very important. The researcher tried to prove that although education in the SL can be practical, finding equivalences for the grammatical sentences will complete it.
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Al-Kharabsheh, Aladdin, and Nadeen Hamadeh. "Shifts of Cohesion and Coherence in the Translation of Political Speeches." Advances in Language and Literary Studies 8, no. 3 (June 30, 2017): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.8n.3p.100.
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Discourse Markers (DMs) are central to maintaining cohesive and coherent translations. Drawing on Halliday and Hassan’s (1976) model to investigate the translation of DMs in political speeches, the study has verified the premise that tampering with the SLT's cohesion grid can adversely affect its relevant undergirding coherence grid. The study has revealed that any incurred cohesion shift in the act of translating would necessarily inscribe a parallel coherence shift, which fuse together to procure a noticeable translation loss. Analysis has isolated three major problems pertinent to translating English DMs into Arabic: (a) mistranslating explicit SL DMs, (b) no translation is given for implicit SL DMs, and (c) no translation is given for explicit SL DMs.
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Arif Fudiyartanto, Fuad. "Perubahan Struktur Tematik dalam Penerjemahan." Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 4, no. 2 (December 17, 2020): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ajbs.2020.04204.
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Every translator seeks to find the equivalence of the source text in terms of meaning and style. In practice, translators often need to change the structure of their translations. This kind of techniques or methods of translation is often called shift. Shift can occur in different levels, which can include a clause, sentence, or paragraph level. By analyzing students’ translation using the perspective of Systemic Functional Linguistics by Halliday, this study finds several shifts in terms of theme-rheme classification and theme constituents. Shifts in theme-rheme classification can be categorized into: a) a change from rheme into theme, b) from theme into rheme, c) addition of textual theme, and d) deletion or omission of textual theme. In terms of theme constituents, shifts were found in four categories, namely a) shifts from a morpheme into a word, b) from a word into a phrase, c) from a phrase into a word, and d) from a clause into a word. These shifts have impacts on the meaning of the target texts as opposed to the source texts, at sentence or paragraph level.
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Rois, Amadea Anna, Alvina Janice Kirana, Lilis Setyowati, and Siska Dewi Arum. "THE IMPACT OF TRANSLATION TECHNIQUES ON ASSERTIVE SPEECH ACT OF INEZ PRODUCT PAKAGING." Kajian Linguistik dan Sastra 5, no. 2 (January 12, 2021): 123–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/kls.v5i2.10984.
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This article aims to: 1) find the translation techniques used by translators in translating assertive speech acts in Inez product packaging, 2) finding the speech act shifts, 3) knowing the impact of translation techniques on the quality of translations. The method used in this research is a descriptive qualitative research method. The data source of this research is product packaging and translation. The data is in the form of informational text in the Inez packaging and translation. We found seven speech act shifts from ten data related to assertive speech acts. In addition, the translators use nine translation techniques when translating.Keywords: Translation technique, assertive, shifting, quality
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Wang, Vincent X. "Pragmatic shifts in two translations of Fusheng Liuji." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 21, no. 2 (December 15, 2009): 209–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.21.2.01wan.
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This study focuses on translation shifts in speech act realisation patterns in two English translations of the Chinese work Fusheng Liuji. It employs analytical tools from cross-cultural pragmatics to describe speech act behaviour in the original and its translations. Lin uses more translation shifts—including significant shifts in strategy use, and moderate shifts in information sequencing—than Pratt … Chiang, who mainly retain the original pragmatic features. Both the translators and the original author make frequent use of request formulae. The two translations also show marked shifts from lexical to syntactic modification of requests. The article further examines the translators’ approaches to translation in terms of their concept of translation and the historical and social contexts of their translations.
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Goethals, Patrick, and July De Wilde. "Deictic Center Shifts in Literary Translation: the Spanish Translation of Nooteboom’s Het Volgende Verhaal." Meta 54, no. 4 (February 1, 2010): 770–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038903ar.
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Abstract In this article, we explore the phenomenon of deictic center shifts in literary translation, concentrating on the Spanish translation (La historia siguiente, 1992) of the Dutch novel Het volgende verhaal (1991 [The Following Story, 1993]). The empirical description focuses on lexical spatiotemporal markers and verbal tenses. We compare the source text and the target text in order to identify the translational shifts: we consider these shifts as textual traces of the translator’s interpretive process of resetting the spatiotemporal coordinates of the discourse. We will argue that the deictic shifts between source and target text are related to occasional hesitations of the translator, who tends to emphasize the most salient deictic center. On a methodological level, we hope to show that a close reading of a translated text, taking into account its thematic and structural peculiarities, can contribute both to Translation and Literary Studies.
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Sipayung, Kammer Tuahman. "Translation Shifts on Reference by Machine Translation in Descriptive Text." Indonesian Journal of EFL and Linguistics 6, no. 1 (May 19, 2021): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.21462/ijefl.v6i1.362.
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Translation shifts are one of strategy to get a high-quality translation. It’s also used to solve the absent meaning on the target text. The objectives of this research are to describe the translation shifts (based on the theory of Blum-Kulka about kinds of shift and Halliday and Matthiesen on cohesion theory), which are done by machine translation in descriptive texts. The researcher used a descriptive qualitative research design to achieve the aims of this research. The source of data in this research is descriptive text. The data of this research are pair of words in source and target text. The form of words (pair of words in source and target) are in reference form based on the theory of Halliday about lexical devices. The researcher used interactive data analysis (data condensation, data display, and verifying/conclusion) to get the research findings. This research shows that Yandex translation made translation shifts more (35 times) often than the others. From the whole types of translation shifts (cohesion shifts: implicitation, explicitation, and meaning change), implicitation shift placed a high frequency among machines translation, however explicitation shift placed in the low frequency, and the medium frequency is placed by meaning change. It is to indicate that machine translation still lacks to produce a high level in the target than a source.
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Becher, Viktor. "When and why do translators add connectives?" Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 23, no. 1 (August 10, 2011): 26–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.23.1.02bec.
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Additions and omissions of connectives (e.g. conjunctions, connective adverbs, etc.) are a frequent phenomenon in translation. The present article reports on a study whose aim was to elucidate translators’ motivations for performing such shifts, focusing on the addition of connectives. The study was carried out on a bidirectional parallel corpus containing translations of business texts between English and German. Connective additions and omissions were identified, counted and analyzed taking into account the surrounding linguistic context of the shift in question, possibly associated shifts performed by the translator, alternative translation options, etc. It was found that the vast majority of identified shifts were attributable to previously established English-German contrasts in terms of syntax, lexis, and communicative norms. The findings suggest that it is unnecessary to assume that translators follow a “universal strategy” of explicitation, as it has often been done in the literature (cf. e.g. Blum-Kulka’s Explicitation Hypothesis).
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Trupej, Janko. "The ‘Negro’ in John Steinbeck’s Of Mice and Men: A Comparison of Socialist and Post-Socialist Strategies for Translating Racial Elements." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 12, no. 1 (June 22, 2015): 119–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.12.1.119-133.
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The present article examines the translation of racial elements in John Steinbeck’s novel and play Of Mice and Men into Slovenian. Using the basic concepts of Kitty van Leuven-Zwart’s comparative and descriptive models for the analysis of literary translations (1989, 1990), we examine strategies for translating terms referring to African Americans along with strategies for translating the discourse of the only African American character in Of Mice and Men. After the microstructural analysis, the effects of the shifts on the perception of this literary work are discussed, and its reception in Slovenia is examined. Although shifts are established in translations from both the socialist and the postsocialist period, in the first translation of the novel, from 1952, the macrostructure of the text was affected to a greater extent than in the modern translations of the novel and the play, both published in 2007. Because translation strategies differ substantially, possible reasons for the differences are also discussed, taking into consideration relevant historical and contemporary socio-political factors.
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Algifari, Rizki, and Riski Lestiono. "Translation Shifts in English-Indonesian Versions of Holy Quran Surah Az-Zalzalah." JURNAL SCHEMATA Pascasarjana UIN Mataram 9, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 73–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/schemata.v9i1.1818.
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Translation shift is a part that is not far from what is referred to the notion of translation and constitutes a process in translating which aims to find the equivalent meaning between SL and TL. It is caused by the rules that every language has. Translation shifts are divided into 2 types that are category shift and level shift. Furthermore, category shifts fall into 4 categories which are structure shift, unit shift, class shift, and intra system shift. This current study aimed 1) to investigate the types of translation shift which are found in the English and Indonesian translation versions of the Holy Quran of Surah Az-Zalzalah and 2) to discover the most dominant shift appearing in the English and Indonesian translation versions of the Holy Quran of Surah Az-Zalzalah. To answer the quest, the design used in this study was qualitative. This study has affirmed that, except structure shift, there are 3 types of shifts belonging to the category shift found namely: class shift, unit shift, and intra-system shift. To wrap up, this study has revealed that not all category shifts and level shift are found in the Indonesian-English translation version of surah Az-Zalzalah.
Pergeseran bentuk (translation shift) merupakan bagian tidak terpisahkan dari proses penerjemahan dan bertujuan untuk menemukan bentuk yang paling sesuai untuk memadankan makna dari bahasa sumber ke bahasa sasaran. Fenomena pergeseran ini disebabkan adanya perbedaan tata bahasa. Translation shift dibagi menjadi dua tipe, yaitu pergeseran kategori (category shift) dan pergeseran tingkat (level shift). Lebih lanjut, pergeseran kategori dibagi menjadi 4, yaitu pergeseran struktur (structure shift), pergeseran unit (unit shift), pergeseran kelas kata (class shift), dan pergeseran intrasistem (intra system shift). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk 1) menemukan bentuk-bentuk translation shift dalam versi dwibahasa (Bahasa Inggris dan Bahasa Indonesia) Al-Quran Surat Az-Zalzalah, serta 2) menemukan pergeseran yang paling dominan dalam proses penerjemahan versi dwibahasa Al-Quran Surat Az-Zalzalah. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain penelitian kualitatif. Temuan penelitian ini adalah 3 bentuk pergeseran kategori yaitu: class shift, unit shift, dan intra system shift. Tidak ditemukan adanya pergeseran kategori berjenis pergeseran struktur. Kesimpulan penelitian ini adalah bahwa tidak semua bentuk translation shift ditemukan dalam versi dwibahasa Al-Quran Surat Az-Zalzalah.
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Miranti, Ira. "TRANSLATION SHIFTS IN INDONESIAN VERSION OF SHELDON’S WINDMILLS OF THE GODS." LEKSEMA: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 2, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.22515/ljbs.v2i1.764.
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This article discusses one of the linguistic challenges discovered in a translation product, namely shifts. The shifts in translation product are inevitable due to numbers of factors, such as cultural differences and unique language systems. The approach used to describe the findings is descriptive-qualitative by having textual data from the source language in English and target language in Indonesian. Having these comparisons will assist to focusing on the analysis of shifts happened in the translation. The data source is one of Sidney Sheldon’s famous novel Windmills of the Gods and its translation in Indonesian language Kincir Angin Para Dewa. There are 112 shifts found in the Indonesian translation, yet this article focuses on ten most representative translation shifts based on Catford’s (1974) translation shifts’ concepts, that is shift of level and shift of category. In this case, the article will take more portion to describe the clause shifts in particular.
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Finsen, Harvin Thedeolin, and Ida Ayu Made Puspani. "Shifts in Translation of English Noun Phrases into Indonesian with Reference to the Short Story A Scandal in Bohemia." Humanis 23, no. 3 (September 26, 2019): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2019.v23.i03.p01.
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Shifts in translation of English noun phrases into Indonesian with reference to a short story A Scandal in Bohemia is a study of how to transfer a message, information from one to another language to overcome its language barrier. Due to the systematical difference of every language, the occurrence of the translation shift is unavoidable in order to make the translation result natural. Translation shift and meaning equivalent are two core elements in translation that are correlated and inseparable, this study is conducted to find out the types of translation shifts and their implication towards the meaning equivalents found in the short story “A Scandal in Bohemia”. The data was taken from a short story entitled “A Scandal of Bohemia” using documentation and note-taking technique. In addition, the data was analyzed qualitatively and comparatively. It was classified based on the types of shifts and the analysis of its implication towards the meaning equivalent under the theory of Translation Shift proposed by Catford (1965) about translation shift and Theory of Meaning-Based Translation proposed by Larson (1998).This study revealed that the occurrence of the translation shift can be classified into four types of shift namely structure shift, class shift, unit shift and intra-system shift in which all of them belong to the category shift. None of the data shown level shift occurrence. This study also revelaed that as what Catford (1965) has stated in his theory that the most frequent shift is the structure shift, meanwhile the least one is the class shift. Multiple shifts are also occurred in some of the NPs, there are a few pairs namely unit and class shifts, class and intra-system shifts, unit and intra-system shifts and structure and intra-system shifts are occurred. Furthermore the implication of translation shift towards the meaning equivalent is also the core aspect in this study; it is shown that the occurrence of the shift is obligatory in order to make an equivalent and natural translation which the meaning that is carried from the SL to the TL is held constant and relevant to the feature of substance.
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Jones, Francis R. "Partisanship or Loyalty? Seeking Textual Traces of Poetry Translators' Ideologies." Translation and Literature 25, no. 1 (March 2016): 58–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/tal.2016.0237.
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Earlier studies have revealed how the ideological stances of teams publishing translations of Bosnian and Serbian poetry into English during and after the 1990s’ conflict are often reflected in translation projects’ ‘structural features’: which poems are selected, the host publication's or website's title, and paratextual comments. This study analyses the ideological implications of textual (semantic and stylistic) “shifts” between source and target in 143 poems from 43 Serbian-to-English poetry translation projects examined previously. It shows much less evidence of translator ideology at textual-shift than at structural level, probably because of the translator's professional ethic of source-poet loyalty.
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Hadi Sasmito, Rakhmad Yanuar. "Translation Analysis of Category Shift in Short Story “The Call of Cthulhu”." ENLIT Journal 1, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 120–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.33654/enlit.v1i2.1404.
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Translation activity have a huge impact on developing knowledge by sharing and implement information from around the world. This study used qualitative method. The research subject is firstly, the short story “The Call of Cthulhu” and the second version which translated into Indonesian “Seruan Cthulhu” by Shinta Dewi from Noura Book Publisher. The aims of this study are to identify what types of category shifts found in the short story and how the information loss, acquisition and skew occur during translation process. In this study, the researcher uses observation technique to collecting the data and documentation to support the data. After conduct the study, the researcher found that the translator used the all type of Category shift when translating the short story: Intra-system shift, Structure shift, Unit shift, and Class shift. From the data collected, it was found that the Intra-system shift was the most dominant shift. This shift occurs because of the need to obtain translation equivalent from both languages. As the result, systematic shifting is unavoidable and has become the most common shift done by translator.
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I Gusti Bagus Narabhumi, I Nyoman Sedeng, and Putu Sutama. "The Translation of English Activity Verbs Found in Turtle and Dolphin Story." RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa 7, no. 1 (April 30, 2021): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jr.7.1.2893.85-91.
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In trilingual kids’ story book entitled “Turtle and Dolphin” by Dunkle et al (2012), the English text has both Indonesian and Balinese equivalences. This study aims at revealing the translation procedures applied to the English text especially the activity verbs and also the correlation between the translation procedures and the translation shifts that happen as the result of translations. The English activity verbs as the data in this study are collected using documentation method, the analysis is done by applying descriptive qualitative method and the result is shown using the combination of informal and formal methods. The result shows that literal translation is the most frequent translation procedure applied to translate ST into Indonesian (91%) and Balinese (77%). However, there are several English activity verbs transferred into mental verbs, nouns, and prepositions in the TT. Furthermore, when literal translations are applied the shifts that appear are intra-system shifts (36%). When transpositions are applied, the shifts that appear are class shifts (100%). When modulations are applied the shifts that appear are intra-system shifts (60%). Lastly, when adaptations are applied, the shifts that appear are intra-system shifts (37, 5%).
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Utami, Made Verayanti, and Putu Desi Anggerina Hikmaharyanti. "Translation shifts of pronoun in the novel Twilight." Journal of Applied Studies in Language 3, no. 2 (December 8, 2019): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.31940/jasl.v3i2.1527.
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Vanderbauwhede, Gudrun, Piet Desmet, and Peter Lauwers. "The Shifting of the Demonstrative Determiner in French and Dutch in Parallel Corpora: From Translation Mechanisms to Structural Differences." Meta 56, no. 2 (October 14, 2011): 443–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1006186ar.
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This paper focuses on translational shifts with respect to the demonstrative determiner in French and Dutch in parallel corpora. The paper aims to identify the types of translation shifts that occur systematically, and to explore the underlying mechanisms and semantic effects of this process. For this purpose, a well-balanced sub-corpus of the Dutch Parallel Corpus is used, making it possible to analyze both directions (French – Dutch and Dutch – French). In this corpus, 50% of the demonstrative determiners are translated by a demonstrative in the target text (in both directions). In 20% of the cases, the demonstrative is translated by a definite article, or vice versa, while 30% are translated by another grammatical element (e.g., indefinite determiner, adverb, personal pronoun) or vice versa. The parallel corpus study reveals that translational shifts with respect to French and Dutch demonstratives can be attributed to three different mechanisms: (1) translator preference related to translation universals at the level of the noun phrase (omissions, additions and reformulations of the noun phrase), (2) specific manifestations of translation universals within the noun phrase (syntagmatic and paradigmatic explicitation and implicitation involving demonstrative shifting) and (3) structural divergences between the French and Dutch demonstrative determiner systems (fixed expressions and semantic differences). This analysis demonstrates the usefulness of a detailed parallel corpus study, which clearly distinguishes between changes occurring at different levels, in accounting for divergent translations of the demonstrative determiner in different languages. To this end, several types of explanation drawn from various fields (such as translation studies and contrastive linguistics), must be considered.
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Aliurridha, Aliurridha, and Teguh Setiawan. "Shifts and equivalencies of idiomatic expressions in novel “The Name of Rose”." Journal on English as a Foreign Language 9, no. 2 (September 29, 2019): 163–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v9i2.1329.
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This research aims to find the translation shifts and the equivalencies of idiomatic expressions. Data in this research were idiomatic expressions found in the novel “The Name of the Rose” and its translation. The method of data collection used reading and recording technique with researchers as the instrument along with some parameters of idiomatic expressions that were proposed by experts. In analyzing the data, this research used the referential and translational method with structural and componential analysis. The result found that there was another category shift that cannot be explained by the contemporary theory of translation shift. It happens because the contemporary theory of translation shift only focuses on the micro-linguistic level. This type of shift occurred in idiomatic expression due to the lack of equivalencies of the source text (ST) and target text (TT) whether in the grammatical system or the cultural difference. This research suggests that the theory translation shifts should be provided by semantic, pragmatic, discourse, and intercultural knowledge to bridge a gap between the two languages.
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Ewart, Rebecca. "Living on in Translation: Fin de siècle Operatic Adaptations of Pierre Loti's Le Mariage de Loti." Irish Journal of French Studies 15, no. 1 (December 1, 2015): 41–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7173/164913315817039289.
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This article focuses on two operatic adaptations of Pierre Loti's Le Mariage de Loti: Léo Delibes' Lakmé (1883) and Reynaldo Hahn's L'Île du rêve (1898). It will analyse these operas as translations that initiate afterlives for the original text by transforming and adapting it in new contexts of production and reception. These translations will also be considered as afterlives of Polynesian culture as it is represented in Loti's text. The article will look at the shifts, or changes, enacted upon the original text by the translator, as well as the extent to which the translations adhere to or shift away from exoticist norms. It will argue that Lakmé reinforces such norms, while also at times enacting shifts which call them into question. L'Île du rêve offers a close translation of Le Mariage that only deviates from the original in order to reinstate the exoticist norms that Loti attempted to challenge.
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Sayani, Sayani. "Translation Shift From Balinese Into English in the Puppet Shadow Script Lubdaka." Linguistika: Buletin Ilmiah Program Magister Linguistik Universitas Udayana 25, no. 1 (March 5, 2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/ling.2018.v25.i01.p02.
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Balinese and English have different grammatical structure and English does not have speech level like Balinese. The condition may cause both linguistic and cultural shifts to make the translation equivalent. This difference becomes a challenge for translators in finding the closest natural equivalent of Balinese terms of address in English or vice versa.
This study analyzed types of shifts in translation occurred in the translation of the terms of address from Balinese into English in puppet shadow script ‘Lubdaka’. This study belonged to qualitative study approach and used descriptive method. The primary data is the translation of terms of address from Balinese into English directly taken from puppet shadow script and its translation into English of the Lubdaka story in the book The Invisible Mirror of Siwaratri Kalpa (2008). Shifts in translation in the data occurred in grammatical (transposition) and in point of view (modulation). There are four types of shifts that belong to the grammatical: structure shift, class shift, unit shift, and intra-system shift. Meanwhile, there are three types of shifts found that belongs to the shift in point of view: lexical dense shift, lexical loose shift, and emphasizing on 2nd person.
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Zupan, Simon. "Repetition and Translation Shifts." ELOPE: English Language Overseas Perspectives and Enquiries 3, no. 1-2 (June 20, 2006): 257–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/elope.3.1-2.257-268.
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Repetition manifests itself in different ways and at different levels of the text. The first basic type of repetition involves complete recurrences; in which a particular textual feature repeats in its entirety. The second type involves partial recurrences; in which the second repetition of the same textual feature includes certain modifications to the first occurrence. In the article; repetitive patterns in Edgar Allan Poe’s short story “The Fall of the House of Usher” and its Slovene translation; “Konec Usherjeve hiše”; are compared. The author examines different kinds of repetitive patterns. Repetitions are compared at both the micro- and macrostructural levels. As detailed analyses have shown; considerable microstructural translation shifts occur in certain types of repetitive patterns. Since these are not only occasional; sporadic phenomena; but are of a relatively high frequency; they reduce the translated text’s potential for achieving some of the gothic effects. The macrostructural textual property particularly affected by these shifts is the narrator’s experience as described by the narrative; which suffers a reduction in intensity.
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Dinari, Irene, Mangatur Nababan, and Djatmika Djatmika. "ANALISIS TEKNIK PENERJEMAHAN MAJAS IRONI DAN SARKASME DALAM NOVEL THE RETURN OF SHERLOCK HOLMES SERTA DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP KUALITAS TERJEMAHAN." PRASASTI: Journal of Linguistics 2, no. 1 (May 18, 2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/prasasti.v2i1.1392.
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<p><strong>Background</strong>: This research is conducted by analyzing figurative language as irony and sarcasm in the novel entitled The Return of Sherlock Holmes (TROSH) and its translation in <em>Bahasa</em> Indonesia. The aims of this research are to (1) identify such types of figurative language as irony and sarcasm in the novel TROSH<em> </em>and its translation in <em>Bahasa Indonesia</em>, (2) identify translation techniques used when translating the irony and sarcasm, (3) find out the translation shifts appearing as effects of the application of the translation techniques, and (4) find out the effects of the translation shifts of irony and sarcasm on translation quality considering accuracy, acceptability, and readability.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Method</strong>: The method of this study is descriptive qualitative. The source of data is a novel entitled The Return of Sherlock Holmes and its translation. The result of questionnaires from the raters that asses the translations quality also belong to the source of data in this study. The data in this study are phrase, clause, or sentence that contain irony or sarcasm in the novel The Return of Sherlock Holmes. Beside that, the information about the quality of the translation from the raters and informants is also belonged to the data. The technique in conducting the data is done by analysing the document and the questionnaires.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Result</strong>: The research findings reveal that (1) 67 data of irony and sarcasm are found in the novel The Return of Sherlock Holmes and are divided into 6 subcategories consisting of ironical understatement, non-ironical falsehood, ironical interjections, illocutionary sarcasm, propositional sarcasm, and lexical sarcasm, (2) Several translation techniques employed are established equivalence, modulation, amplification, variation, transposition, linguistic compression, borrowing, reduction, linguistic amplification, compensation, adaptation, and particularization, while some others are couplets, triplets, and quadruplets, (3) the application of the aforementioned translation techniques leads to three possibilities such as the absence of translation shifts of irony and sarcasm, translation shifts to another figurative language, and translation shifts to nonfigurative language, (4) the translation shifts give moderate positive effects on the translation quality of irony and sarcasm found in the novel The Return of Sherlock Holmes with average score of 2.64.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Conclustion</strong>: <strong>Conclusion</strong>: The result of this study shows that established equivalence is often used in translating irony and sarcasm. The application of this technique gives a good quality in the translation of irony and sarcasm because that technique can be applied based on the context of situations in the target texts. Meanwhile, established equivalence may give a poor result of the translation quality if it is combined with another technique, for examples: reduction, transposition, and modulation. The impact of the quality is caused by the translation shifting of irony and sarcasm into another figurative language or denotative form. From the analysis of this study, it can be cncluded that the translation shifting of figurative language is one of the important thing in figurative language’s translation and translation quality assessment.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: irony and sarcasm, translation techniques, shift, translation quality</p>
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Sipayung, Kammer Tuahman. "The Impact of Translation Method and Shift on Translation Quality at Bilingual Textbooks of Physics, Mathematics and History." Lingua Cultura 14, no. 1 (July 31, 2020): 79–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/lc.v14i1.6387.
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The first goal of the research was to figure out translation methods and shifts applied in translating bilingual textbooks of History, Mathematics, and Physics, Those bilingual textbooks were published by Quadra, Yramawidia, and Yudhisthira, used for grade seven in Medan. The second was to figure out the impact of translation methods and shifts which dominant on translation quality. The third was to recommend better bilingual textbooks to use based on the translation quality point of view. The research used a descriptive qualitative research method with a questionnaire, depth-interview, and observation on a pair of translation to collect the data. The data were analyzed with interactively and non-interactively. Based on the data analysis, the research finds that (1) the dominant shift on History textbook is unit shift while the dominant method is a free translation, the dominant shift on Physics is a unit shift and dominant method is a communicative translation, the dominant shift on Mathematics is structure shift and dominant method is communicative translation. The second finding is that the impact of the dominant translation shift and method on the History textbook is negative. At the same time, in Mathematics and Physics are positive. Third, the research; the researcher recommends bilingual textbooks of Mathematics and Physics to use based on translation quality point of view. The well bilingual textbooks can improve students’ language skills, while low translation quality influences bad development to students on learning the language.
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Bernaerts, Lars, Liesbeth De Bleeker, and July De Wilde. "Narration and translation." Language and Literature: International Journal of Stylistics 23, no. 3 (July 31, 2014): 203–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0963947014536504.
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This opening essay of the special issue on ‘Narration and Translation’ discusses the overlaps between the fields of narratology and translation studies. The fact that translation scholars have merely skimmed the surface of narratological issues relevant for the study of translation can be understood within the context of early developments in translation studies. The first explicit use of narratological models in this discipline has grown out of unease with the extant focus on the macrostructural level of translations. In recent decades, translation scholars have begun to include narrative approaches in their research. Some conceptualize the translator’s discursive presence by referring to a model of narrative communication, or borrow concepts from narratology in order to analyse observed shifts in literary translations. Outside the domain of literary translation studies, scholars have looked into the way translation can refashion narratives in the real world. Conversely, narrative theories have rarely dealt with translational issues, even though they often rely on translations of literary texts. The issue as a whole wants to enhance the dialogue between narratology and translation studies. Each essay explores aspects of the relation between narration and translation.
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Ardliansyah, Muhammad, and I. Nyoman Tri Ediwan. "Category Shift of Noun Phrases in the Movie “Avengers: Infinity War”." Humanis 23, no. 4 (November 29, 2019): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jh.2019.v23.i04.p01.
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The translation of the film “Avengers: Infinity War” from English into Indonesian has many category shifts occurrences. This study with the title “Category Shift of Noun Phrases in the Movie “Avengers: Infinity War” has two research problems: (a) what kinds of category shifts can be found in the translation of the film “Avengers: Infinity War” from English into Indonesian, and (b) how do category shifts applied in the translation of the film “Avengers: Infinity War” from English into Indonesian. The purposes of this study are to find and describe and analyse the kinds of category shifts occurred in the translation of the film “Avengers: Infinity War” from English into Indonesian, and to describe how the category shifts occurred in the translation of the film “Avengers: Infinity War” from English into Indonesian. The data were collected from the film “Avengers: Infinity War” itself with its Indonesian subtitle. The data were in form of noun phrases, in which category shifts occurred. They were collected using observation and documentation methods. The data were then analysed using descriptive and qualitative method. This study is limited to the analysis of the category shift occurrences of noun phrases in the English-Indonesian subtitle using the theory of translation shift proposed by Catford. The result of this study is that all kinds of category shifts were found in the data, such as shift of structure, shift of class, unit shift and intra-system shift. Category shifts occurred in the English-Indonesian subtitle due to the different grammatical structure, the different word classes, the different ranks, and the different internal systems of a source language and a target language.
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Muryati, Sri, and Bekti Setio Astuti. "PENGGUNAAN STRATEGI PENERJEMAHAN KOSAKATA BUDAYA JAWA TENGAH BERBAHASA INDONESIA KE DALAM BAHASA JEPANG DALAM MEDIA INFORMASI PARIWISATA." Jurnal CULTURE (Culture, Language, and Literature Review) 7, no. 2 (November 1, 2020): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.53873/culture.v7i2.224.
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This research is a study on cultural word translation strategies from Indonesian into Japanese. The purposes of the study are: firstly, identifying cultural words that do not have any equivalence between the source language (TSu) secondly, investigating the translation strategies used for those words with no equivalence; and thirdly, finding out the meaning shift occurring in the process of translation. The research employs a descriptive qualitative method. The strategies used by the translator include: 1) translation using more general terms, 2) translation using loan words or loan words with explanation, 3) translation using paraphrase. Two meaning shifts are found: 1) shift from generic to more specific or vice versa, and 2) shift because of different cultural point of view.
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Swarniti, Ni Wayan. "The Translation Procedures of Bible Translation." RETORIKA: Jurnal Ilmu Bahasa 5, no. 2 (October 15, 2019): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jr.5.2.1277.187-196.
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Different procedures of translation are needed to analyze new testament bible of Mark’s gospel. The problems always come if new testament bible of Mark’s gospel from source language unknown in target language conceptly. The data sources of this research were taken from new testament of Mark’s gospel. The technique used in collecting the data was content analysis. The data were analyzed clearly based on the theory of translation procedures by Newmark (1988b). In presenting the data, it was used formal and informal method. According to the results, it can be concluded that found 11 procedures of translation, namely: Transference, Cultural Equivalent, Functional Equivalent, Descriptive Equivalent, Synonymy, Shifts or Transpositions, Modulation, Compensation, Paraphrase, Couplets, and Notes. Based on the results of the analysis, it was not found 4 procedures of translation, namely: Naturalization, Componential Analysis, Through-Translation, and Recognized Translation. The procedures of translation in new testament bible of Mark’s gospel mostly used were shifts or transposition, modulation, and synonymy. The data of shifts or transposition found were 136 of 636 data (21%). It can be concluded that actually holy text often applied shifts or transposition to make the process of translating text easily. In the other word, it was used different form from source text to translate into target text and it was applied also the words in target text that has similar meaning in source text,
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Deny, Deny. "THE TRANSLATION SHIFT AND ACCURACY ANALYSIS OF MUSEUM MACAN’S CAPTION." Lire Journal (Journal of Linguistics and Literature) 2, no. 2 (October 27, 2018): 83–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33019/lire.v2i2.32.
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Museum MACAN is the first museum that exhibit modern art. Museum MACAN has Indonesia-English caption in their Instagram account in order to promote their collection. This study investigates translation shift occurs in Museum MACAN’s Instagram caption and the accuracy of their translation. The translation shift is used to produces accurate translation. This study uses Catford’s theory about translation shift (1964) and the accuracy based on ATA Rubric Assessment. The data were twenty five Museum MACAN’s Instagram captions. The collected data were analysed, in order to fine the translation shift and accuracy of their caption. There are three evaluators to rate the accuracy of the captions. The first evaluator is the writer of this study; the second evaluator is a student of management from Universitas Negeri Jakarta who works as freelance translator more than two years, the third evaluator is a professional translator who has been in translation field for twenty five years. The result of the translation shift analysis is there are five shifts occur in Museum MACAN’s Instagram captions. The most used shift is structure shift. It shows that the use of shift helps writer or translator adjusts word into appropriate sentence from source text to target text.
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Juliarta, I. Made Juliarta. "Adverbial Phrase and Its Translation Found in the “Houseboy and Maid”." International Journal of English and Applied Linguistics (IJEAL) 1, no. 2 (August 3, 2021): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.47709/ijeal.v1i2.1022.
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This study intends to: (i) analyze the forms of adverbial phrases and their translation found in the data source, (ii) analyze the types of translation shifts of adverbial phrases in the translation process from the source language into the target language. This research study focuses on English adverbial phrase and their translations into Indonesian found in the story entitled “Houseboy and Maid.” This study aims to discover the forms of adverbial phrases found in the story “Houseboy and Maid” and the types of translation shifts in the translation process. In analyzing the data, the analysis uses the theory of adverbial phrase proposed by Brown and Miller (1991) and the theory of translation shift submitted by Catford (1965). Analyzing the data was started by reading the entire data source to understand the story and observe the possibility of the data source that it can take from the report entitled “Houseboy and Maid.” The method of collecting data is first; the data source is read to find out the forms of English adverbial phrases in syntactic structure. This research shows that most of the English adverbial phrase is translated into Indonesian using the theory of unit shifts and design proposed by Catford (1965). There are some forms of adverbial phrases found in the data source.
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Donatus, Darso. "CATEGORY SHIFTS IN TRANSLATION: A CASE STUDY ON THE TRANSLATION OF ENGLISH COMPLEX NOUN PHRASES INTO INDONESIAN." Lingua Scientia 25, no. 1 (June 30, 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/ls.v25i1.18818.
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This study aims at identifying the types of category shifts and explaining their occurrence in the translation of complex noun phrases from English into Indonesian in The Valley of Fear Novel. The data were collected using observation method which was supported by implementing note taking technique in order to find out, identify, and classify the data. The data were analyzed by applying the qualitative descriptive method. The theory applied in this study is the theory of translation proposed by Catford (1965) to identify the types of category shifts found and to explain their occurrence. The result shows that all types of category shifts proposed by Catford (1965) such as structure shift, class shift, intra-system shift, and unit shift are found in the translation. Structure shift occurs in the highest frequency of 339 cases or about 66,86% out of total 507 cases, class shift occurs 75 cases or 14,79 % out of total 507 cases, and intra-system shift occurs 48 cases or 9,46 % out of total 507 cases, and unit shift occurs 45 cases or 8,87 % out of total 507 cases. The occurrence of category shift is caused by the different characteristics of source language and target language.
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Lee, Chang-soo. "Differences in News Translation between Broadcasting and Newspapers: A Case Study of Korean-English Translation1." Meta 51, no. 2 (August 14, 2006): 317–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/013259ar.
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Abstract The aim of the study is to look into differences between broadcasting and newspaper news translation in their approaches to rendering the lead of the news report. For this purpose, the study analyzes shifts in English translations of Korean newspaper reports and compares them with the results of a previous study on broadcasting translation. The analysis suggests that while lead reduction is characteristic of broadcasting translation, lead expansion figures more prominently in newspaper translation. The paper gives a detailed account of these differences and offers some tentative explanations about what gives rise to them. It also discusses the differences in terms of the degree of latitude the translator exercises in editing the TT and their implications for different roles played by the translator in the two modes of translation.
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Krüger, Ralph. "Explicitation in Neural Machine Translation." Across Languages and Cultures 21, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 195–216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/084.2020.00012.
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This paper is concerned with the following question: to what extent does neural machine translation (NMT) – a relatively new approach to machine translation (MT), which can draw on richer contextual information than previous MT architectures – perform explicitation shifts in translation and how are these shifts realised in linguistic terms? In order to answer this question, the paper attempts to identify instances of explicitation in the machine-translated version of a research report on carbon dioxide capture and storage. The machine-translated text was created using the publicly available generic NMT system DeepL. The human translation of the research report was analysed in a prior research project for instances of explicitation and implicitation (Krüger 2015). After a brief quantitative di scussion of the frequency and distribution of explicitation shifts identified in the DeepL output as compared to the shifts identified in the human translation of the research report, the paper analyses in detail several examples in which DeepL performed explicitation shifts of various kinds. The quantitative and qualitative analyses are intended to yield a tentative picture of the capacity of state-of-the art neural machine translation systems to perform explicitation shifts in translation. As explicitation is understood in this article as an indicator of translational text–context interaction, the explicitation performance of NMT can – to some extent – be taken to be indicative of the “contextual awareness” of this new MT architecture.
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Robin, Edina. "Translation universals revisited." FORUM / Revue internationale d’interprétation et de traduction / International Journal of Interpretation and Translation 15, no. 1 (August 19, 2017): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/forum.15.1.03rob.
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Abstract According to the results of translation-based empirical research within the descriptive paradigm, transfer operations and the shifts that occur as a result of translators’ interventions are governed by norms, which represent general, standard practices built on informal social consensus (Toury 1995). Based on the scientific analysis of norms and general rules, the so-called translation universals were formulated describing the factors and qualities that distinguish translations from source texts and from authentic texts not produced through translation but originally written in the target language (Baker 1993). In the present study, I aim to summarise the theoretical conclusions drawn so far from the description of these observed translational features, as well as the results of the research into linguistic phenomena and laws that characterise translations in general, then I will synthesise and graphically represent the lessons learned in a theoretical model. Hopefully, it will provide help to understand and process the research data gained so far and in the future.
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Károly, Krisztina. "Referential cohesion and news content." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 26, no. 3 (September 22, 2014): 406–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.26.3.04kar.
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This study explores the (re)creation of referential cohesion in Hungarian-English translation and examines the extent to which shifts of reference are motivated by the differences between the languages, the characteristics of the translation type (news translation) and the genre (news story). As referential cohesion is hypothesized to be affected by certain universals of translation, the explicitation and the repetition avoidance hypotheses are also tested. Analyses show considerable shifts of reference in translations, but these are not statistically significant. The corpus also fails to provide evidence for the universals of translation investigated; however, the in-depth analysis of optional shifts suggests that they are conditioned by the discursive features of the genre and contribute to a more explicit presentation of news content.
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Subagia, I. Ketut, and I. Made Astu Mahayana. "STRUCTURE SHIFT IN INDONESIAN – ENGLISH TRANSLATION." KULTURISTIK: Jurnal Bahasa dan Budaya 2, no. 1 (January 12, 2018): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/kulturistik.2.1.491.
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Structure shift is one of the problems in translations. This problem is important to be dealt with because it is the most frequent category occurring at all rank in translation. Besides, in grammar structure shift can occur at all ranks. The discussion about structure shift only covers structure shift in phrase, clause, and sentence level. This research used the translation theory proposed by J.C. Catford (1965). He states that shift is departure from formal correspondence in the process of going form the SL to the TL. He also states that there are two kinds of shift in translating, namely level-shift and category-shift. Category shift means the change of formal structure of the SL, in process of translating into the TL. The data source is taken from four bilingual folklores. Data collecting used observation method and descriptive method was employed in analyzing the data. The findings show that in phrase level structure shift found only in noun and adjective phrase. The shifts in noun phrase are: H PostM PostM into PreM PreM H, H PostM into PreM H, and PreM H PostM Post M, into PreM PreM PreM H. In adjective phrase structure shift is found only one i.e. PreM H into H PostM. The structure shift in clause level is: SC into SVC, SV into SVA, and SV into SVO. In sentence level structure shift occur from simple sentence in SL into simple sentence in TL, simple sentence in SL into complex sentence in TL, complex sentence in SL into simple sentence in TL, and complec sentence in SL into complex sentence in TL.
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Kaveyaninia, Zeinab, Dianoosh Sanei, and Reza Hajimohammadi. "Evaluation of Cultural and Ideological Manipulations in Four Persian Translations of Jhumpa Lahiri’s Hell-Heaven." International Journal of Comparative Literature and Translation Studies 5, no. 4 (October 31, 2017): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijclts.v.5n.4p.53.
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The present paper examined cultural and ideological implications in translation studies. For this purpose, four Persian translations of Hell-Heaven were chosen. Hell-Heaven is a story adopted from “Unaccustomed Earth” (2008), written by the Indian-American writer, Jhumpa Lahiri. Therefore, the translations were explored to detect translators’ ideological shifts; in the way that all components of translations were pondered to detect translational adaptations chosen by four translators. The result showed that translators had adopted translational strategies such as addition, deletion and substitution to deal with American and Indian’s cultural and ideological differences.
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Serbina, Tatiana. "Construction shifts in translations." Constructions and Frames 5, no. 2 (December 31, 2013): 168–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cf.5.2.03ser.
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In the present paper the phenomenon of translation shifts is discussed within the theoretical framework of Construction Grammar. It is suggested that viewing linguistic structures of various sizes and levels of abstractness as constructions allows us to better grasp the complexities of the phenomenon of translation shifts. The methodology of studying construction shifts is applied to the analysis of the construction [Subject Verb Direct Object] for the translation direction English-German. The quantitative results have been obtained using the parallel CroCo corpus.
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Hendrastuti, Retno. "PERGESERAN RIMA DALAM PUISI TERJEMAHAN TAUFIQ ISMAIL (Rhyme Shift in Poems Translated by Taufiq Ismail)." Kandai 13, no. 1 (August 24, 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/jk.v13i1.154.
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One of indications of the success in poetry translation is source language (SL) rhyme and meaning can be transferred into target language (TL) simultaneously. However, sometimes rhyme translation shift cannot be avoided to keep the meaning of SL. This is a qualitative descriptive research that aims to explore rhyme shift and its effect toward translation meaning accuracy. The data were SL-TL rhymes pairs found in eight poems translated by Taufiq Ismail. The analysis result showed that there were various rhyme shifts, including fixed rhymes, partial shift rhymes, and full shift rhymes. Accurate rhyme shifts (without any type rhyme shift) happens on more than a half of entire data. The shifts found were not influence the accuracy of poem meaning. Basically, those were developed as an effort to preserve poems message as a part of universal literature piece.
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Hyun, Theresa. "Translation Policy and Literary/Cultural Changes in Early Modern Korea (1895-1921)." Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 4, no. 2 (January 1, 1992): 191–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.4.2.04hyu.
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Abstract This article gives an overview of the relationship between the establishment of translation policy and literary/cultural shifts during the first two decades of the twentieth century in Korea. During the Kae Hwa ("Enlightenment") period, 1895-1910, translations were undertaken primarily for didactic purposes. Next followed a period when foreign texts were imported with the aim of developing modern Korean literature. The concept of "translational norms", as proposed by Toury, is used to explain the changing practices of individual translators as well as the general evolution of translation within the Korean literary system.
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Fikri, Muhammad Rizalul, and Riski Lestiono. "Translation Shift in Indonesian-English Versions of Holy Quran Sura An Nas." Jurnal Linguistik Terapan 9, no. 2 (November 30, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.33795/jlt.v9i2.91.
Full textAbstract:
Translation shift has turned into an appealing and intriguing topic to depart from. Shift cannot be avoided when it comes to transferring one language into another language. It is caused by the rules that each language has. Translation shifts are divided into 2 kinds which are category shifts and level shift. Category shifts fall into 4 categories which are structure shit, unit shift, class shift, and intra system shift. The objectives of this current study are to 1) discover types of translation shift which appear in the Indonesian and English translation versions of Holy Quran Sura An Nas and 2) find out the most dominant shift occurring in the Indonesian and English translation versions of Holy Quran Sura An Nas. Qualitative design was employed to arrive at the answers to the quest. This current study has revealed that three kinds of category shift, which are unit shift, class shift, and intra system shift, are found except structure shift. Holy Quran is divine Scripture. We seek refuge min syarril-waswāsil-khannās from setan yang bersembunyi (the evil of the retreating whisper) – detecting unit shift from adjective clause into prepositional phrase. This sort of investigation is mainly human inquiry to interpret the Source Language (SL) into Target Language (TL) in various versions within the limitation of human imperfection.