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Journal articles on the topic 'Vertical diameter'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 2 June 2025

Last updated: 31 July 2025

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1

Akman, A., O. Oram, and P. Aydin. "Optic Disc Measurements with the 78 Diopter Lens, Zeiss 4-Mirror Contact Lens and Computerized Image Analysing System." European Journal of Ophthalmology 8, no. 1 (1998): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/112067219800800106.

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We evaluated the 78 diopter (D) lens and Zeiss 4-mirror lens for the measurement of vertical and horizontal optic disc diameters during slit-lamp biomicroscopy and compared the results with the measurements made with the computerized image analysing system (IMAGEnet 640, Topcon, Japan) in 30 eyes of 30 patients. The 78D lens and Zeiss 4-mirror lens measurements both correlated well with the computerized image analysis measurements (r=0.881 for vertical and r=0.895 for horizontal disc diameter measurements with the 78D lens and r=0.883 for vertical and r=0.891 for horizontal disc diameter measu

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Ma, Qiang, Chengda Pan, Yingxian Xue, et al. "Plasmon Enhanced Second Harmonic Generation from ZnO Nanofilms on Vertical Au Nanorod Arrays." Nanomaterials 11, no. 10 (2021): 2597. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11102597.

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Vertically aligned gold nanorod arrays have attracted much attention for their fascinating optical properties. Different from longitudinal surface plasmon wavelength (LSPW) and edge-to-edge spacing of gold nanorods, the role of gold nanorod diameter in plasmonic enhancement ability of vertical gold nanorod arrays has rarely been explored. In this work, we selected gold nanorods with similar LSPW but two different diameters (22 and 41 nm), the optical properties of which are dominated by absorption and scattering cross sections, respectively. The vertically aligned arrays of these gold nanorods

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Sapountzaki, Olga E., Andreas E. Kampitsis, and Nikos D. Lagaros. "Modelling of Inelastic Pentamode-Based Bridge Bearings Using Beam Elements." Journal of Civil Engineering and Construction 12, no. 3 (2023): 126–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.32732/jcec.2023.12.3.126.

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Metameterials have unique properties, which are mostly attributed to their geometrical configuration. Pentamodes, a subcategory of metamaterials, exhibit an almost zero shear elastic modulus while maintaining high compression stiffness, offering a behavior similar to that of a liquid, suggesting the potential application of pentamodes in seismic isolation. In this paper a real-life bridge bearing, composed of repetitive layers of pentamode unit cells in the horizontal and vertical axes is studied. The lattices are modelled using beam finite elements with an equivalent uniform diameter to ensur

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Mirza Gheitaghy, Amir, René H. Poelma, Leandro Sacco, Sten Vollebregt, and Guo Qi Zhang. "Vertically-Aligned Multi-Walled Carbon Nano Tube Pillars with Various Diameters under Compression: Pristine and NbTiN Coated." Nanomaterials 10, no. 6 (2020): 1189. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10061189.

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In this paper, the compressive stress of pristine and coated vertically-aligned (VA) multi-walled (MW) carbon nanotube (CNT) pillars were investigated using flat-punch nano-indentation. VA-MWCNT pillars of various diameters (30–150 µm) grown by low-pressure chemical vapor deposition on silicon wafer. A conformal brittle coating of niobium-titanium-nitride with high superconductivity temperature was deposited on the VA-MWCNT pillars using atomic layer deposition. The coating together with the pillars could form a superconductive vertical interconnect. The indentation tests showed foam-like beha

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Hu, Yongfang, Wei Sun, Yipeng Sun, and Qingan Huang. "Vertical Interconnection Technology for RF MicroSystem Packaging." Materials 17, no. 14 (2024): 3425. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma17143425.

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In this work, 1.5-level interconnections of RF microsystems with good RF performance, integration process compatibility, and high reliability are developed to meet the future demand for wireless communication microsystems in the millimeter wave band. Numerical models of 1.5-level interconnections based on solder balls with different diameters are established and analyzed using HFSS. The optimized structure parameters of 0.2 mm diameter Sn96.5Ag3Cu0.5 (SAC305) solder balls and 0.3 mm diameter Sn63Pb37 solder balls are selected for the interconnection between glass micro substrates and silicon m

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Abuel-Naga, Hossam, and Abdelmalek Bouazza. "Equivalent diameter of a prefabricated vertical drain." Geotextiles and Geomembranes 27, no. 3 (2009): 227–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geotexmem.2008.11.006.

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Bishop, Jeffrey J., Patricia R. Nance, Aleksander S. Popel, Marcos Intaglietta, and Paul C. Johnson. "Diameter changes in skeletal muscle venules during arterial pressure reduction." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 279, no. 1 (2000): H47—H57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.2000.279.1.h47.

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Previous studies in skeletal muscle have shown a substantial (>100%) increase in venous vascular resistance with arterial pressure reduction to 40 mmHg, but a microcirculatory study showed no significant venular diameter changes in the horizontal direction during this procedure. To examine the possibility of venular collapse in the vertical direction, a microscope was placed horizontally to view a vertically mounted rat spinotrapezius muscle preparation. We monitored the diameters of venules (mean diameter 73.8 ± 37.0 μm, range 13–185 μm) oriented horizontally and vertically with a video sy

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Firmansyah, V., K. Ahmad, P. Nugroho, D. A. Firmansyah, and M. D. Kuntawati. "Low-Cost Prototype Multidiameter Measurement for Vertical Cylinder Tank." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2376, no. 1 (2022): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2376/1/012016.

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Abstract The vertical cylinder tank can serve as a measuring tool and as a storage device. When the vertical cylinder tank is used as a measuring instrument, it needs to be calibrated. In this process, measuring the diameter of the vertical cylinder tank is the most important step. The diameter of the tank is divided into several parts, the first part is referred to as a reference, where the results of the reference measurement will be used in the measurement of other parts. To conduct this measurement, a prototype consisting of two sensors, namely, laser distance and rotary encoder, is build.

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kamdi, Ashish, Ashita Kaore, and S. Saritha. "STUDY OF VERTICAL DIAMETER OF HEAD OF FEMUR IN SOUTH INDIAN CADAVERS." International Journal of Anatomy and Research 4, no. 3.2 (2016): 2730–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.16965/ijar.2016.318.

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Peng, Bin, Xing Yun Wang, Yu Wang, and He Huang. "Geometry Optimization and Engineering Applications of Transmission Tower Foundation in the Slope." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 1243–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.1243.

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Combining with practical engineering, geometry optimization and engineering applications of transmission tower foundation in the slope is researched by using the finite-difference software FLAC3D. The variation of the pullout, vertical and horizontal ultimate bearing capacity with the diameter and length of the pile is analyzed. And optimization program of actual project is given. Research shows that when the pile length is constant, the variation of the pullout and vertical ultimate bearing capacity is increasing with the diameter increasing significantly and the horizontal ultimate bearing c

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Shu, Jiaqing, Xiaoqing Gu, Tengfei Wang, Xiaojuan Li, and Mingxing Zhu. "Influence of the Internal Friction Resistance on the Vertical Compressive Bearing Capacity of Large-Diameter Steel Pipe Piles." Buildings 14, no. 11 (2024): 3481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14113481.

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Current calculation methods for the vertical bearing capacity of steel pipe piles are predominantly designed for smaller diameters and do not account for the soil inside the pile. This necessitates an evaluation of their applicability to piles with diameters exceeding 2.0 m. This study aims to refine the existing formula for calculating vertical bearing capacity, as outlined in the Port Engineering Foundation Code of China, by investigating the vertical bearing capacity of large-diameter steel pipe piles through numerical simulations. By analyzing the relationship between the internal friction

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Oliveira Filho, Renato Santos de, Daniel Arcuschin de Oliveira, Murilo Costa Souza, Mariane da Silva, and Mireille Darc Cavalcanti Brandão. "Suspected melanoma only when the lesion is greater than 6mm may harm patients." Einstein (São Paulo) 13, no. 4 (2015): 506–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1679-45082015ao3436.

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ABSTRACT Objective To analyze the distribution of larger diameter in the pathological report of cutaneous melanoma patients. Methods Data were obtained from patients seen from 1994 to 2015. Date, sex, age, maximum diameter, histological subtype, primary site, microscopic thickness, mitoses, ulceration, vertical growth phase, and regression were the variables studied. This study was approved by the National Ethics Committee - Brazil Platform. Patients were grouped into smaller diameter (≤6mm) and larger diameter (>6mm). The statistical analysis used the χ2test (p<0.05). Results Of the 292

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Chama, Christopher C. "Room Temperature Creep of a Tin-Lead Solder Wire under Self-Weight." Advanced Engineering Forum 36 (June 2020): 76–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.36.76.

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Creep tests using a simple jig have been performed on 63 wt.% tin-37 wt.% lead solder wires of diameters 1 mm and 2 mm at room temperature (23°C). Coils containing 5 or 10 rings were allowed to creep under their own weight for 60 minutes. It was noted that for either of these diameter wires, the coil with 10 rings had significantly large vertical displacements as compared to those with 5 rings. In each particular coil, the highest vertical displacements were in the bottom rings. The overall maximum vertical displacement was 76.5 mm and this was in a bottom ring of the 2 mm diameter wire with 1

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Hagoort, Jacques. "The Productivity of a Well Completed With a Vertical Penny-Shaped Fracture." SPE Journal 16, no. 02 (2011): 401–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/104385-pa.

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Summary In this work, we present a simple polynomial relationship for the effective well radius of a well completed with a vertical, infinite-conductivity, penny-shaped hydraulic fracture as a function of fracture diameter. It is based on an analytical solution for steady-state, single-phase flow to a circular, constant-pressure surface in an infinite porous medium. This solution is extended to a vertical, penny-shaped fracture in the center of a plane circular reservoir. The effective well radius increases with increasing fracture diameter to approximately 0.2 times the fracture diameter for

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Elrashidy, Hadeer A. E. I., Ali M. EL-Sheikh, and Zainab M. Abdelaal. "Stress analysis of short implants assisting partial overdenture with two types of attachment for maxillary kennedy class I." Tanta Dental Journal 21, no. 2 (2024): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/tdj.tdj_39_23.

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Purpose This study’s goal was to figure out how much stress is placed on nearby short implants using two types of attachment for assisting partial overdenture for maxillary Kennedy Class I. Materials and methods To assess the microstrains caused by the short implant, this in-vitro study employed strain gauge technology using two types of attachment for assisting partial overdenture for maxillary Kennedy Class I. Five epoxy resin models in each group in the position of the first molar in both sides was implanted into different groups, group A: one implant 5 mm length with 4.8 mm diameter, group

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Clausen, Helle V., Hans Jørgen G. Gundersen, and Lise G. Larsen. "STEREOLOGICAL ESTIMATION OF TUBULAR LENGTH FROM THIN VERTICAL SECTIONS." Image Analysis & Stereology 19, no. 3 (2011): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.5566/ias.v19.p205-208.

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In this study tubular structures are represented by stem villous arteries of the human placenta. The architecture of the vascular tree in the human placenta makes it appropriate to use vertical histological sections. Describing tubules, estimates of total length and diameter are informative. The aim of the study was to derive a new stereological estimator of the total length of circular tubules observed in thin vertical sections. Design: Dual perfusion fixed human placentas. Systematic, uniformly random sampling of vertical sections. Five-μm-sections were stained by haematoxylin and eosin (H&a

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Vahidi, Dara, and Fernando Porté-Agel. "Potential of Wake Scaling Techniques for Vertical-Axis Wind Turbine Wake Prediction." Energies 17, no. 17 (2024): 4527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en17174527.

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Analytical wake models are widely used to predict wind turbine wakes. While these models are well-established for horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWTs), the analytical wake models for vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWTs) remain under-explored in the wind energy community. In this study, the accuracy of two wake scaling techniques is evaluated to predict the change in the normalized maximum wake velocity deficit behind VAWTs by re-scaling the maximum wake velocity deficit behind an actuator disk with the same thrust coefficient. The wake scaling is defined in terms of equivalent diameter, consid

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Yang, Chunli, Yinqing Wang, Yan Liu, and Xiangchun Li. "Simulation of the Gas Distribution Law and Operational Risk Analysis of a Vertical Gas Tank in a Ventilation State." Energies 16, no. 19 (2023): 6855. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16196855.

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As a type of airtight equipment, vertical gas tanks are prone to accumulations of toxic and harmful gases due to their poor ventilation and narrow space. This poses many safety hazards. Therefore, we conducted a FLUENT simulation for vertical gas tanks with different diameters. The results indicated that the larger the diameter, the longer the required ventilation time. It was necessary to monitor the gas concentration after ventilation for at least 6 h when the tank diameter was 2.6 m, after ventilation for at least 24 h when the tank diameter was 5.2 m, and after ventilation for at least 80

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Oleksik, Valentin, Adrian Pascu, Eugen Avrigean, and Ioan Bondrea. "Theoretical and Experimental Studies on the Influence of Process Parameters on Strains and Forces of Single Point Incremental Forming." Advanced Materials Research 939 (May 2014): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.939.367.

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These paper aims to determine the influence of the most important geometrical parameters (vertical step and punch diameter) on the main strains, thickness reduction and the forces along two directions during the single point incremental forming process (SPIF). The paper comprises a comparative numericalexperimental study, for a simple geometry part obtained by incremental forming. In fact, in the first stage, the punch has a vertical motion with the value of one vertical step. In the second stage, the punch follows a linear trajectory along one side of the die. After each linear trajectory the

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Mukherjee, Sandipan, Shobha Rodrigues, Mahesh M, et al. "Biomechanical Stress Analysis of Platform Switch Implants of Varying Diameters on Different Densities of Bone." International Journal of Dentistry 2022 (February 24, 2022): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5972259.

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Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the strain developed in D2 and D3 types of bones on vertical loading by platform switch implants of different diameters. Materials and Methods. Implants of diameters 3.25 mm, 4.2 mm, and 5.0 mm and of length 11.5 mm were taken and placed each on D2 and D3 bone models. Strain gauges were attached on the buccal and the lingual sides on each of these samples, and a vertical load of 190N was placed on the samples. The strain was recorded using a data logger. The data obtained was analysed using one-way ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test. Re

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Öğün, Tunç Cevat, Mehmet Erkan Üstün, and Mustafa Büyükmumcu. "CEPHALOCAUDAL VARIATIONS IN THE HORIZONTAL AND VERTICAL DIAMETERS OF THE PEDICLES OF THE LUMBAR SPINE IN THE TURKISH POPULATION." Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 05, no. 01 (2001): 61–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957701000416.

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Purpose: Racial morphometric differences in the pedicular structure of the vertebrae must be taken into account when using international transpedicular screw systems. In this study, we tried to figure out the differences, if any, in the size of the pedicles in a sample of the Turkish population. Methods: The horizontal and vertical diameters of the pedicles of the lumbar vertebrae were measured from the standardized anteroposterior radiographs of the lumbar spine in 100 subjects, aged from 20 to 40 years. Results: The mean horizontal width of the pedicles in our sample of the Turkish populatio

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Murase, Michio, Koji Nishida, Toshihide Torige, Toshiya Takaki, Raito Goda, and Akio Tomiyama. "Effects of Diameters on Countercurrent Flow Limitation at a Square Top End in Vertical Pipes." Science and Technology of Nuclear Installations 2018 (December 2, 2018): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1426718.

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The falling liquid flow rate under flooding conditions is limited at a square top end of a vertical pipe in the pressurizer surge line with the diameter of about 300 mm that consists of a vertical pipe, a vertical elbow, and a slightly inclined pipe with elbows. In this study, therefore, we evaluated effects of diameters on countercurrent flow limitation (CCFL) at the square top end in vertical pipes by using existing air-water data in the diameter range of D = 19-250 mm. As a result, we found that there was a strong relationship between the constant CK and the slope m in the Wallis-type corre

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Yang, Xueying, Weiming Gong, and Qian Yin. "Numerical Simulation Study of Bearing Characteristics of Large-Diameter Flexible Piles Under Complex Loads." Buildings 14, no. 11 (2024): 3651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14113651.

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The majority of the existing calculation methods for determining the ultimate bearing capacity of steel-pipe piles using Chinese criteria are designed for piles with diameters smaller than 2 m. To investigate the bearing capacity of flexible steel-pipe piles with diameters larger than 2 m under combined loading conditions, reveal nonlinear interactions between vertical and horizontal loads, and propose bearing capacity envelopes, in this paper, a numerical method was used to study the bearing capacity of a flexible pile with a diameter of 2.8 m and an embedment length of 72 m under vertical an

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Ozulken, Kemal, and Cagri Ilhan. "Comparison of 9.0 and 9.2 mm Flap Diameter Options of Femtosecond Laser In-Situ Keratomileusis for Hypermetropia and Hypermetropic Astigmatism." Journal of Ophthalmology 2019 (November 6, 2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/5907645.

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Aim. To compare the postoperative one-year outcomes of asphericity (Q) and high order aberration (HOA) values of 9.0 and 9.2 mm diameter flap groups in hypermetropia and hypermetropic astigmatism subjects who underwent femtosecond laser in-situ keratomileusis (LASIK). Materials and Methods. The study included 68 eyes of 34 patients. A femtosecond laser platform (Allegrato Wave, Wavelight AG, Erlangen, Germany) was used for flap cutting. Corneal stroma was ablated using Wavelight EX500 with wavefront-optimized profile (WaveLight GmbH, Erlangen, Germany). 9.0 mm flap diameter was randomly chosen

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Abdulkareem, Hikmat N., and Kifah H. Hilal. "Convection Heat Transfer Analysis in A Vertical Porous Tube." Wasit Journal of Engineering Sciences 8, no. 1 (2020): 31–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.31185/ejuow.vol8.iss1.153.

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Forced convective heat transfer in a vertical channel symmetrically heated with a constant heat flux, and packed with saturated porous media, has been investigated experimentally in the present work. The channel was padded with spherical glass of three diameter (1, 3 and 10 mm) in a range 0.0416 < (particle diameter / inner channel radius) <0.416. The experimental setup, using a copper tube as a packed bed assembly with (48 mm) inside diameter and (1150 mm) heated length with a constant heat flux boundary condition. The test section was vertically oriented with water flowing against grav

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Kanchan, Rajeev Kumar, Sonali Subhadarsini, Dharma Niranjan Mishra, and Chinmayi Mohapatra. "Sexual Dimorphism of Femoral Head - An Observational Study in the Population of Odisha." Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences 10, no. 33 (2021): 2765–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14260/jemds/2021/564.

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BACKGROUND Femur is the longest and strongest bone of the human body. It also takes relatively longer time to disintegrate after death, hence morphometric analysis of skeletal remains of femoral head can be considered for the determination of age and sex for forensic expert, anthropologist as well as anatomist. The present study was an attempt to establish sex of a skeleton by the help of femoral head diameters which will be of great help in medico-legal and anthropometric studies. METHODS The present study was carried out in the S C B Medical College Cuttack from May 2019 to June 2020 by taki

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Zimmermann, Jeannette, Anna Brunner, Julius Underberg, and Simona Vincenti. "CT measurements of tracheal diameter and length in normocephalic cats." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 25, no. 3 (2023): 1098612X2311585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x231158578.

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Objectives The aim of this study was to measure the tracheal dimensions of normocephalic cats using CT. Methods CT images of 15 client-owned normocephalic cats were retrospectively evaluated to measure the length of the feline trachea. Transverse and vertical inner diameters were measured in five different tracheal regions, and the cross-sectional area of the tracheal lumen was calculated for each point of measurement. Descriptive statistics were applied using a two-tailed t-test. Results The mean ± SD length of the trachea was 125.13 ± 14.41 mm. Male cats had significantly larger tracheas tha

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Qi, Tengfei, Haifeng Li, Yongjie Zhang, and Lei Shao. "Influence of Variable-Diameter Structure on Gas–Solid Heat Transfer in Vertical Shaft Cooler." Metals 12, no. 7 (2022): 1187. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met12071187.

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In order to improve the heat transfer between high-temperature sinter and cooling gas in a vertical shaft cooler, a new furnace type with variable-diameter structure was proposed, and the influence of variable-diameter structure on gas–solid heat transfer in vertical-shaft cooler was studied by CFD-DEM coupling method in the current work. The results show that variable-diameter structure can increase the quantity of low-temperature sinter as well as the outlet cooling gas temperature, and can improve the uniformity of sinter and cooling gas temperature along the width, at the cost of significa

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Marini, Richard P., James R. Schupp, Tara Auxt Baugher, and Robert Crassweller. "Sampling Apple Trees to Accurately Estimate Mean Fruit Weight and Fruit Size Distribution." HortScience 54, no. 6 (2019): 1017–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13956-19.

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Canopies of ‘Gala’ and ‘Fuji’ trees, trained to the vertical axis, were divided into eight vertical sections, each representing 12.5% of the tree canopy. The diameter of all ‘Gala’ fruit and fruit weight for all ‘Fuji’ fruit were recorded for each canopy section. Fruit size from most canopy sections was normally distributed and distributions were similar for most sections. Therefore, fruit size distribution for a tree can be estimated by harvesting fruit from two sections of a tree, representing 25% of the canopy. For small trees in intensive plantings, with canopy diameters less than 2.0 m, a

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Chen, Huanhuan, XiangLong Li, Nan Li, and Bin Yang. "Electrostatic-assisted centrifugal spinning for continuous collection of submicron fibers." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 19 (2016): 2349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516671121.

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Non-uniformity of the fiber diameter and difficulty in continuous web collection have limited the development and further application of centrifugal spinning (CS). Here, we present a feasible method for fibers' continuous collection and morphology optimization by utilizing vertical electrostatic-assisted centrifugal spinning (E-CS). The effects of spinning parameters, such as applied voltage, nozzle size, and rotational speed on fiber morphology have been evaluated systematically. We find that vertical voltage is strongly correlated with the formation of bead defects, and nozzle size is the mo

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Kolosky, Taylor D., Anusha U. Saga, Donald F. Dariano, et al. "Comparison of angle-to-angle distance and corneal diameter in pediatric eyes using ultrasound biomicroscopy." PLOS ONE 19, no. 6 (2024): e0305624. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305624.

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Objective To investigate the relationship between corneal diameter and internal corneal span determined from angle-to-angle distance using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in an observational cross-sectional patient population comprised of 54 eyes (28 healthy control eyes, ages 0.1 to 11.3 years; 26 eyes with primary congenital glaucoma, ages 0.1 to 3.5 years) from 41 pediatric participants ages 0.1 to 11.3 years (mean age: 3±3 years, median age: 2 years). Methods Forty cornea photographs with reference ruler and 110 UBM images were obtained. Three observers measured horizontal and vertical corn

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Jin, Ying, Yan Wang, Lulu Xu, et al. "Comparison of the Optical Quality between Small Incision Lenticule Extraction and Femtosecond Laser LASIK." Journal of Ophthalmology 2016 (2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2507973.

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Purpose.To investigate the visual quality after SMILE and Femto-LASIK.Methods.About 123 eyes from 63 patients were enrolled in this study. The parameters were measured preoperatively and 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months postoperatively using Sirius System.Results.The MTF curve increase slightly from low to high frequency at 3 mm and 6 mm pupil diameter after SMILE surgery (P<0.05) during the follow-up time comparing with the preoperative values. And the SR has a significant increase at various pupil diameters as well (P<0.05). However, there was little increase for MTF at intermediate to hi

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Chun, Moon-Hyun, and Myeong-Gie Kang. "Effects of Heat Exchanger Tube Parameters on Nucleate Pool Boiling Heat Transfer." Journal of Heat Transfer 120, no. 2 (1998): 468–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2824272.

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In an effort to determine the combined effects of major parameters of heat exchanger tubes on the nucleate pool boiling heat transfer in the scaled in-containment refueling water storage tank (IRWST) of advanced light water reactors (ALWRs), a total of 1966 data points for q″ versus ΔT have been obtained using various combinations of tube diameters, surface roughness, and tube orientations. The experimental results show that: (1) increased surface roughness increases the heat transfer coefficient for both horizontal and vertical tubes, and the effect of surface roughness is more pronounced for

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Ayasrah, Mo’men. "Behavior of Micropile (Type D) Subjected to Vertical Load: Parametric Numerical Studies." Applied Mechanics 6, no. 1 (2025): 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/applmech6010004.

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Micropiles, small-diameter-drilled and grouted piles, are often used to provide foundation support in challenging ground conditions. This research seeks to understand the behavior of Type D micropiles (pressure-grouted) within layered soil profiles. Layered soils frequently create complexity because of differences in stiffness, strength, and permeability, which impact load transfer and the interaction between the micropiles and the surrounding soil. Type D micropiles use pressure injection, which results in enhanced skin friction, better grout–soil contact, and a greater capacity to carry load

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Sonnenberg, K., and E. Küssel. "Developments in vertical Bridgman growth of large diameter GaAs." III-Vs Review 10, no. 5 (1997): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0961-1290(97)81284-7.

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Wölk, G., M. Dreyer, and H. J. Rath. "Flow patterns in small diameter vertical non-circular channels." International Journal of Multiphase Flow 26, no. 6 (2000): 1037–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0301-9322(99)00069-5.

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Ali, Shazia F., and Hoi Yeung. "Two-phase flow patterns in large diameter vertical pipes." Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering 9, no. 1 (2013): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/apj.1750.

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Xiao, Fukun, Renhe Li, and Le Xing. "Research on the Impact of Different Force Directions on the Mechanical Properties and Damage Evolution Law of Sandstone with Different Hole Diameters." Advances in Civil Engineering 2021 (August 24, 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4247027.

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In this research, a uniaxial acoustic emission experiment was conducted on rock samples with different positions and diameters of the hole, and an analysis was made on the impact of different hole positions and diameters on the mechanical properties, failure, energy conversion, and acoustic emission-caused damage characteristics and laws of the rock samples. The results reveal as follows: first, due to the existence of holes in rocks, the stress-strain curve changes at each stage, accompanied by multiple stress drops. And the peak strength gradually reduces with the increase in hole diameter.

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Black, J., V. Sivakumar, and J. D. McKinley. "Performance of clay samples reinforced with vertical granular columns." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 44, no. 1 (2007): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t06-081.

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This paper reports an experimental study in which samples of soft kaolin clay (100 mm in diameter and 200 mm in height) were reinforced with vertical columns of sand and tested under triaxial conditions. Samples were reinforced with either a single column of sand of 32 mm diameter or three columns of sand, each of 20 mm diameter. The replacement method was used to form the columns. The columns were installed in the clay to depths of 120 and 200 mm. Tests were also carried out on samples that were not reinforced with sand columns. The samples were compressed under both drained and undrained con

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Susmiati, Yuana, Bambang Purwantana, Nursigit Bintoro, and Sri Rahayoe. "Kinerja Internal Reboiler Tipe Vertical Tubular Baffle pada Proses Distilasi Etanol secara Batch." Jurnal Rekayasa Proses 15, no. 1 (2021): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jrekpros.65483.

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The performance of ethanol distillation is determined by the type of reboiler used in the distillation column. This study aims to determine the effect of differences in diameter and height of internal reboiler tubes, as well as feed content on ethanol distillate concentration and distillation yield. The research was conducted on a batch ethanol distillation process using a rectified distillation device with an internal vertical tubular baffle reboiler using different diameters and tube height, namely 1.5, 1, and 0.5 inches of diameter, and 8, 6, and 4 cm of tube heights. Materials or feeds in

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Lu, Jian Dong, Lu Hai Li, and Gai Mei Zhang. "The Influence of the Diameter Ratio between Rigid Body and Particle on the Impact Strength Exerted on the Rigid Body Impacting Particles." Advanced Materials Research 937 (May 2014): 357–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.937.357.

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Granular particles exist widely in the nature. The purpose of this paper is to research the impact interaction between rigid body and particles. The diameter ratio between rigid body and particle has the effect on the impact strength exerted on the rigid body impacting particles. In this paper, the same rigid body impacts respectively the particles with five different diameters. The effect of the diameter ratio is analyzed theoretically according to this simulation experiment. With diameter ratio increasing, the vertical velocity, mechanical energy and momentum of the rigid body increase, and

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Sojic, Ljiljana Tihacek, Aleksandra Milic Lemic, Aleksandar Subic, Jie Yang, and Dragan Grubor. "Finite Element Analysis of Vertically Loaded Cylindrical Ti Implants." Advanced Materials Research 633 (January 2013): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.633.255.

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The following study was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of height, width and design variations on the stress distribution of vertically loaded, cylindrical titanium implants using finite element analysis (FEA). Three groups of cylindrical titanium TPS surface implants (Premium, Sweden & Martina, Italy) inserted into mandible segments were analysed. The three Premium implants in the first group were of different length (10.0, 11.5 and 13.0 mm) but possessed the same diameter of 3.80 mm. The second group consisted of three Premium implants with the same length of 11.5 mm but with

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Firmansyah, Vera, Purwanto Nugroho, Herfin Yienda Prihensa, and Azis Muslim. "COMPARISON STUDY OF VERTICAL CYLINDER TANK DIAMETER MEASUREMENT BETWEEN STRAPPING AND OPTICAL METHOD." Spektra: Jurnal Fisika dan Aplikasinya 5, no. 3 (2020): 231–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21009/spektra.053.07.

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Vertical Cylinder Tank is used as a storage area or as a measuring tool. Liquids are used in the form of Fuel oil, Liquid Natural Gas, vegetable liquids, and other chemical liquids. The tank calibration results are in the form of a volume per height table that is used as a reference by Automatic Tank Gauging. There are two tank calibration methods, namely: the strapping method and the optical method. The process of measuring the inside or outside diameter of the tank becomes very important in the tank calibration process—the measurement of tank diameter by the strapping method using steel mete

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Lapos, B. M., R. W. I. Brachman, and I. D. Moore. "Response to overburden pressure of an HDPE pipe pulled in place by pipe bursting." Canadian Geotechnical Journal 44, no. 8 (2007): 957–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t07-036.

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Measurements of vertical and horizontal pipe deflections are reported for a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) pipe experiencing an increase in vertical pressure after being pulled in place using pipe bursting techniques. Three tests were conducted to measure the diameter change of a 165 mm outside diameter HDPE pipe after replacing an intact clay pipe with an external diameter of 184 mm backfilled with a poorly graded dense sand. A fourth test measured the response of the HDPE pipe after replacing an intact clay pipe with an external diameter of 128 mm. Variable pipe deflections were measured i

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Sharma, Chaman Lal, Madhubala Sharma, Dahunirikitre M. Lamare, Mahesh Wangkhem, and Govinda Pangging. "ANATOMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Cephalostachyum mannii (Gamble) STAPLETON – AN ENDEMIC SCRAMBLING BAMBOO OF NORTHEAST INDIA." Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research 8, no. 1 (2021): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.20886/ijfr.2021.8.1.99-110.

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Cephalostachyum mannii is a tall, graceful scandent bamboo with solid culms. It is distributed in Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland states of Northeast India. The present study was carried out to investigate radial and vertical variations in anatomical and physical properties in the culms of this bamboo species. The mature culms (3-4 years old) were selected from forests of Amkassar Amlarem village, West Jaintia Hills District, Meghalaya, India. The selected internodes of culms were radially divided into outer, middle and inner zones, and vertically bottom, middle and top pos

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Lal Sharma, Chaman, Madhubala Sharma, Dahunirikitre M. Lamare, Mahesh Wangkhem, and Govinda Pangging. "ANATOMICAL AND PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF Cephalostachyum mannii (Gamble) STAPLETON – AN ENDEMIC SCRAMBLING BAMBOO OF NORTHEAST INDIA." Indonesian Journal of Forestry Research 8, no. 1 (2021): 99–110. https://doi.org/10.59465/ijfr.2021.8.1.99-110.

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Cephalostachyum mannii is a tall, graceful scandent bamboo with solid culms. It is distributed in Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Nagaland states of Northeast India. The present study was carried out to investigate radial and vertical variations in anatomical and physical properties in the culms of this bamboo species. The mature culms (3-4 years old) were selected from forests of Amkassar Amlarem village, West Jaintia Hills District, Meghalaya, India. The selected internodes of culms were radially divided into outer, middle and inner zones, and vertically bottom, middle and top pos

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Moore, Ian D., and Fuping Hu. "Linear viscoelastic modelling of profiled high density polyethylene pipe." Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 23, no. 2 (1996): 395–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l96-044.

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Rheological model parameters for a linear viscoelastic finite element analysis are developed for corrugated polyethylene pipes. Relaxation test data from parallel plate load tests on lined corrugated high density polyethylene pipes are used, for pipes deflected to 5% and 10% vertical diameter decrease. Three-dimensional time-dependent finite element analysis is then used to estimate the time-dependent response of a 610 mm diameter pipe subjected to a constant rate of vertical diameter decrease with time. Predictions are obtained for deflection rates varying over three orders of magnitude, for

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Ferreira, Cleiton. "ANÁLISE EXPERIMENTAL DE ESTAMPABILIDADE DA CHAPA DE AÇO ASTM A653 DURANTE O PROCESSO DE ESTAMPAGEM INCREMENTAL POR PONTO ÚNICO E AVALIAÇÃO DA RUGOSIDADE IMPRESSA NA SUPERFÍCIE CONFORMADA." Revista Científica Semana Acadêmica 9, no. 209 (2021): 1–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.35265/2236-6717-206-9136.

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This study aims to evaluate the behavior of ASTM A653 CS-A G90 steel in the process of Incremental Sheet Forming – ISF, based on the following parameters: diameter of the tool (Dt in mm) and the vertical step size between consecutive contours (∆z in mm). The experiments were based on a variation of the ISF process, called Single Point Incremental Forming - SPIF. In this study, seventeen tests were conducted using a punching tool with diameters (Dt ) of 5, 6 and 8 mm and vertical steps (∆z) of 0.4, 0.6 and 0.8 mm, intending to evaluate the true strain to the ISF process and the surface finishin

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Bai, Lichao, Shangwei Gong, Lina Xu, Xiaohong Bai, and Zhanfang Huang. "Finite element simulation study on vertical bearing characteristics of single pile with ram-compacted bearing sphere." PLOS ONE 18, no. 9 (2023): e0291719. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0291719.

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The pile with ram-compacted bearing sphere (PRBS)is a kind of special-shaped pile, the calculation formula of single pile bearing capacity stipulated in Chinese Standards JGJ/T 135–2018 is relatively simple, and the factors considered are not comprehensive enough. This article uses the finite element simulation software ABAQUS to simulate and calculate the compressive bearing characteristics of PRBS, and studies the changes in the vertical bearing characteristics of PRBS under different factors and working conditions (different pile lengths, pile diameters, and the diameters of ram-compacted b

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Huot, Chanthy, Joshua N. M. Philp, Yi Zhou, and Matthew D. Denton. "Root Penetration Is Associated with Root Diameter and Root Growth Rate in Tropical Forage Grasses." Grasses 4, no. 1 (2025): 4. https://doi.org/10.3390/grasses4010004.

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Soil compaction impedes root exploration by plants, which limits access to nutrients and water, ultimately compromising survival. The capability of roots to penetrate hard soils is therefore advantageous. While root penetration has been studied in various annual crops, the relationships between root growth and root penetration are poorly understood in tropical perennial grasses. This study aimed to compare root penetration capability in 10 tropical perennial forage grasses and identify relationships between root penetration, root diameter and vertical root growth. Root penetration of each spec

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