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1

Irfan, Mohammad. "GENDER: INTEGRATING CRIMES AGAINST WOMEN INTO INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL LAW." Jurnal Pembaharuan Hukum 5, no. 1 (2018): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.26532/jph.v5i1.2998.

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The author identifies the major goals and achievements in the area of recognizing women as full subjects of human rights and eliminating impunity for gender crimes, highlighting the role of non-governmental organizations ("NGO's"). Until the 1990s sexual violence in war was largely invisible, a point illustrated by examples of the "comfort women" in Japan during the 1930s and 1940s and the initial failure to prosecute rape and sexual violence in the ad hoc international criminal tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. Due in a significant measure to the interventions by NGOs, the ad ho
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2

John, Gasasira Gasana, Margaret W. Gachihi, Herbert Misigo Amatsimbi, and Etienne Ruvebana. "Ending impunity for gender crimes: Access to justice for violence against women and its contribution to sustainable peace building in Rwanda." Rwanda Journal of Social Sciences, Humanities and Business 2, no. 2 (2021): 46–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/rjsshb.v2i2.4.

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This paper seeks to establish the contribution of Accessible justice to ending impunity for violence against women. Consequently, it investigates how far availing legal remedies to victims of violence against women leads to sustainable peace building in Rwanda. In doing so, the study adopts a case of Access to Justice Bureaus- a judicial service established by the government of Rwanda to help people have access to free legal remedies. Based on data collected from fifty five in-depth interviews and six focus group discussions in the four provinces and Kigali city, findings reveal that through f
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3

Das, Miranda, and Sukhdev Singh. "Crimes of Sexual Violence within International Criminal Law: A Historical Outline." Journal of Politics and Law 14, no. 1 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jpl.v14n1p1.

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This article will provide a synoptic historical outline of international criminal law (ICL) from a gender perspective. An effort is made to highlight the landmark stages in the evolution of the ICL, particularly in its treatment of rape and other sexual crimes perpetrated against women during armed conflict. For this purpose, a critical examination of Nuremberg and Tokyo tribunals, criminal tribunals for Yugoslavia and Rwanda as well as Special Court for Sierra Leone, and the International Criminal Court is attempted. Endeavour is to outline the gender and sexual crimes jurisprudence developed
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4

Trouille, Helen. "How Far Has the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda Really Come since Akayesu in the Prosecution and Investigation of Sexual Offences Committed against Women? An Analysis of Ndindiliyimana et al." International Criminal Law Review 13, no. 4 (2013): 747–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15718123-01304002.

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During the first trial before the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR), that of Jean-Paul Akayesu, it became evident that many Tutsi and moderate Hutu women had been raped, that “rape was the rule and its absence was the exception”.1 Although, initially, not a single charge of sexual violence was proffered against Akayesu, presiding Judge Navanethem Pillay interrupted the proceedings, allowing ICTR prosecutors to amend the indictment and include counts of rape and sexual violence. Akayesu subsequently became the first case to recognise the concept of genocidal rape. However, post-
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5

Fiske, Lucy, and Rita Shackel. "Ending Rape in War: How Far Have We Come?" Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 6, no. 3 (2015): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v6i3.4183.

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The rape of women has for centuries been an endemic feature of war, yet perpetrators largely go unpunished. Women were sanctioned as the spoils of war in biblical times and more recently it has been claimed that it is more dangerous to be a woman than a soldier in modern conflict. Nevertheless, until the establishment of the ad hoc International Criminal Tribunals for Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia – there was very little concern regarding the need to address the rape of women in conflict.This paper briefly maps historical attitudes towards rape in war, outlines some analyses and explanation
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Bopp, William J., and James J. Vardalis. "Crimes against Women." Family Relations 37, no. 1 (1988): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/584443.

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7

Forslund, Morris A., William J. Bopp, and James J. Vardalis. "Crimes Against Women." Contemporary Sociology 17, no. 1 (1988): 72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2069440.

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8

Brandt, Doug. "Crimes Against Women." AJN, American Journal of Nursing 107, no. 8 (2007): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.naj.0000282292.95817.14.

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9

Anchan, Tanushri. "Crimes Against Women: A Statistical Analysis." Indian Journal of Applied Research 4, no. 2 (2011): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/feb2014/35.

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10

Graham, Nadine. "Cyber crimes against women in India." Asian Journal of Women's Studies 24, no. 3 (2018): 413–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/12259276.2018.1496783.

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11

Boukemidja, Nadjiba Badi. "Cyber Crimes against Women: Qualification and Means." European Journal of Social Sciences 1, no. 3 (2018): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejss.v1i3.p34-44.

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Crimes against women are constantly changing, especially with the emergence of electronic means to express them. Thus, violence against women using electronic means, has become a phenomenon with multifaceted manifestations and causes also multiple, it must be measured in all its aspects to combat it effectively. Of course, violence also takes place in the context of a relationship of power and domination, which explains why electronic violence predominates over female violence, which remains largely contained. This violence can be psychological, it consists in denigrating, humiliating, degradi
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12

Lau, Martin. "Honour. Crimes, paradigms and violence against women." Yearbook of Islamic and Middle Eastern Law Online 11, no. 1 (2004): 471–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22112987-91000118.

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13

Shah, Baharuddin, and Chingiz Khan. "Trend Analysis of Crime against Women in Manipur, India." Feminist Research 5, no. 1 (2021): 20–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.21523/gcj2.21050102.

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The issue of women in Manipur is ascribed to two points. One point relates to the positive aspects of women such as their responsible roles in economy, polity and socio-cultural affairs in the state. The other point is focused on the crimes against women in the state. There are many crimes against women in the state such as sexual harassment, rape, molestation, domestic crimes, intimidation, kidnapping, attempt to rape, attempt to molestation, etc. All the major indigenous communities in the state namely Meitei, Muslims locally known as Pangal, tribes such as Naga and some sections of Kuki are
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14

Alexander, Amanda. "New histories and new laws: Crimes against humanity at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda." Leiden Journal of International Law 32, no. 4 (2019): 801–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s092215651900044x.

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AbstractThis article looks at the development of the concept of crimes against humanity at the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR). It contends that the ICTR’s interpretation of crimes against humanity is generally seen by international lawyers as a commendable, but unsurprising, step in the historical development of this category. In much the same way, the ICTR’s historical account is considered to be a standard attempt by a war crimes court to relate a liberal history of crimes against humanity in a way that upholds civilized values. Yet, although the historical and legal work
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15

Askin, Kelly D. "Sexual Violence in Decisions and Indictments of the Yugoslav and Rwandan Tribunals: Current Status." American Journal of International Law 93, no. 1 (1999): 97–123. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2997957.

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The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) was established in 1993 to prosecute war crimes committed during the Yugoslav conflict; the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR) was established in 1994 to prosecute war crimes committed during the Rwandan civil war. The Yugoslav Tribunal has the competence to try alleged offenders for crimes enumerated in Articles 2-5 of its Statute, namely, grave breaches of the 1949 Geneva Conventions, violations of the laws or customs of war, genocide, and crimes against humanity. Similarly, the Rwandan Statute accords the Tr
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Rodríguez-Saavedra, Ángela María. "Similitudes y diferencias de los Tribunales Ad-Hoc para Ruanda y la ex -Yugoslavia desde una perspectiva feminista = Similarities and differences of the Ad-Hoc tribunals for Rwanda and the former Yugoslavia from a feminist perspective." UNIVERSITAS. Revista de Filosofía, Derecho y Política, no. 28 (July 11, 2018): 2. http://dx.doi.org/10.20318/universitas.2018.4308.

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RESUMEN: El presente artículo tiene por objetivo analizar desde una perspectiva feminista las similitudes y diferencias existentes entre los Tribunales Ad-hoc para Ruanda y la Antigua Yugoslavia relacionados con los crímenes relativos a violencia sexual y violación. Analizando los componentes que afectan la determinación de dichos crímenes como son el consentimiento y el contexto y su tipificación internacional: Genocidio y lesa humanidad. ABSTRACT: The present article aims to analyze from a feminist point of view the similarities and differences between the Ad-hoc Tribunals for Rwanda and the
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Frolich, Ruth. "Prosecutor v. Callixte Mbarushimana: Judgment on the Appeal of the Prosecutor Against the Decision of Pre-Trial Chamber I of 16 December 2011 Entitled “Decision on the Confirmation of Charges” (Int'l Crim. Ct.)." International Legal Materials 52, no. 2 (2013): 417–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5305/intelegamate.52.2.0417.

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On May 30, 2012, the Appeals Chamber (Chamber) of the International Criminal Court (ICC) voted unanimously to dismiss the appeal of the Prosecution against the decision of the Pre-Trial Chamber not to confirm the charges against the alleged Congolese warlord Callixte Mbarushimana. The Prosecution had alleged Mbarushimana was criminally responsible under Article 25(3)(d) of the Rome Statute (Statute) for crimes against humanity and war crimes committed by members of the Forces Démocratiques de Libération du Rwanda (FDLR) in the Kivu provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. The Prosecu
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18

Robinson, Darryl. "Defining “Crimes Against Humanity” at the Rome Conference." American Journal of International Law 93, no. 1 (1999): 43–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2997955.

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On July 17, 1998, the UN Diplomatic Conference of Plenipotentiaries on the Establishment of an International Criminal Court (Rome Conference) adopted the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC). One of the many significant provisions of the ICC statute is Article 7, which defines “crimes against humanity” for the purpose of the ICC. A significant difference between the definition in the ICC statute and the major precedents on crimes against humanity is that the former definition was not imposed by victors (as were those in the Nuremberg and Tokyo Charters) or by the Security Cou
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19

MAHMUD, N. "Crimes Against Honour: Women in International Refugee Law." Journal of Refugee Studies 9, no. 4 (1996): 367–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jrs/9.4.367.

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20

Cusack, Simone, and Rebecca J. Cook. ""Honour": Crimes, Paradigms, and Violence against Women (review)." Human Rights Quarterly 29, no. 2 (2007): 524–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/hrq.2007.0015.

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21

Oxman, Bernard H., and Diane Marie Amann. "Prosecutor v. Akayesu." American Journal of International Law 93, no. 1 (1999): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2997961.

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Prosecutor v. Akayesu. Case ICTR-96-4-T.International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, September 2, 1998.This pioneering opinion marks the first time an international criminal tribunal has tried and convicted an individual for genocide and international crimes of sexual violence. The case arose out of the massacres of perhaps a million Tutsi in Rwanda in 1994. At least two thousand died in Taba, a rural commune where defendant Jean-Paul Akayesu was mayor. A trial chamber of the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda concluded that, although Akayesu may at first have tried to prevent killings,
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22

Mota, Jurema Corrêa da, Ana Gloria Godoi Vasconcelos, and Simone Gonçalves de Assis. "Correspondence analysis: a method for classifying similar patterns of violence against women." Cadernos de Saúde Pública 24, no. 6 (2008): 1397–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-311x2008000600020.

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Violence against woman has received relatively little debate in society. It includes physical, psychological, and sexual abuse that jeopardizes the victim's health. Multivariate correspondence analysis and cluster analysis were applied to crimes reported to the Integrated Women's Aid Center in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, to investigate associations between injury and define criteria for classifying the aggressions. Three groups of abuse were identified, differing according to the nature (physical, psychological, or sexual) and severity of the crimes. Less serious crimes consisted of threats and mo
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23

Kay, M. "India passes strict law to curb crimes against women." BMJ 346, apr18 3 (2013): f2531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.f2531.

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24

Manohar, W. Sandhya. "Sexual Crimes Against Women in India-A Critical Analysis." Indian Journal of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology 10, no. 2 (2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/0973-9130.2016.00051.7.

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25

Jones, Adam. "Gendercide: Examining gender-based crimes against women and men." Clinics in Dermatology 31, no. 2 (2013): 226–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2011.09.001.

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26

Popko, V. "THE "HAGUE" MODIFICATION OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRIME CONCEPT." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, no. 117 (2021): 66–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2021/2.117-13.

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The article analyses the development of the concept of international crime in the "Hague" period, which covers the last decades of the last century and is closely related to the establishment of ad hoc international tribunals in the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. The article reveals the legal grounds for the establishment of these tribunals, the features of their activities, jurisdiction and principles of responsibility of persons who committed crimes in the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda. The establishment of international justice bodies by UN Security Council decisions has provoked a number of
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27

Gabriele, Chiara, Kelly Matheson, and Raquel Vazquez Llorente. "The Role of Mobile Technology in Documenting International Crimes." Journal of International Criminal Justice 19, no. 1 (2021): 107–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jicj/mqab026.

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Abstract This article reflects on the landmark use of photo and video evidence in the Affaire Castro et Kizito. In 2018, a mobile military court in Kalehe, South Kivu, in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) tried two members of the Forces Démocratiques de Libération du Rwanda (FDLR) for crimes against humanity and war crimes. This case broke new ground not only in the DRC, but also globally. For the first time, a court of law admitted digital photography that had been captured with the eyeWitness app, a ready-for-court technology developed to streamline the documentation of international cr
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Kachaeva, M., and S. Shport. "Psychological and psychiatric consequences of violence against Women." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (2017): s904. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.1851.

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IntroductionDomestic violence against women has increasingly been recognized nationally and internationally as a serious problem. Violence against women is a troubling phenomenon in Russia. Meanwhile domestic abuse against women often results in long-term mental health problems.ObjectivesThe main aim of the study was to find out the psychological and psychiatric consequences of violence against women and to determine the origins of crimes committed by abused females.Materials and methodsA cohort of 18 females was examined by forensic psychiatrists. All women had committed crimes of violence (m
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Olusanya, Olaoluwa. "The Statute of the Iraqi Special Tribunal for Crimes Against Humanity– Progressive or Regressive?" German Law Journal 5, no. 7 (2004): 859–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s207183220001289x.

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The global effort to establish an effective system of international justice is at an important phase in its history. After close to 50 years of relative stagnation following the Nuremberg trials at the end of World War II, the field of international criminal law has been revitalised. The establishment of the International Criminal Court, the ad hoc tribunals for the former Yugoslavia and for Rwanda, “hybrid” or “internationalised” processes such as the Special Court in Sierra Leone, and national criminal justice systems exercising universal jurisdiction, have all lent substance and credibility
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Holá, Barbora, Catrien Bijleveld, and Alette Smeulers. "Consistency of international sentencing: ICTY and ICTR case study." European Journal of Criminology 9, no. 5 (2012): 539–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477370812453112.

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The International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia and the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda are the first, post Cold War international criminal tribunals convicting perpetrators of genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes. Their sentencing practice has been largely criticized as inconsistent. This quantitative study addresses the criticism and empirically investigates the consistency of international sentencing. The extent to which the selected factors predict sentence length is tested in a multiple regression analysis. The analysis suggests that similar, legally r
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Franceschet, Antonio. "The International Criminal Court's Provisional Authority to Coerce." Ethics & International Affairs 26, no. 1 (2012): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0892679412000056.

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The United Nations ad hoc tribunals in the former Yugoslavia and Rwanda had primacy over national judicial agents for crimes committed in these countries during the most notorious civil wars and genocide of the 1990s. The UN Charter granted the Security Council the right to establish a tribunal for Yugoslavia in the context of ongoing civil war and against the will of recalcitrant national agents. The Council used that same right to punish individuals responsible for a genocide that it failed earlier to prevent in Rwanda. In both cases the Council delegated a portion of its coercive title to i
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Himabindu, B. L., Radhika Arora, and N. S. Prashanth. "Whose problem is it anyway? Crimes against women in India." Global Health Action 7, no. 1 (2014): 23718. http://dx.doi.org/10.3402/gha.v7.23718.

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Shahed, Sarah, and Aniqa Akram. "Trends of Violent Crimes against Men and Women in Pakistan." International Journal of Social and Economic Research 3, no. 3 (2013): 249. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/j.2249-6270.3.3.033.

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34

Abakumova, O. N. "VICTIMOLOGICAL PREVENTION OF SOME VIOLANT CRIMES COMMITTED AGAINST ELDERLY WOMEN." Вестник Алтайской академии экономики и права 2, no. 8 2019 (2019): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.17513/vaael.690.

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35

Hackett, Michelle. "Domestic Violence against Women: Statistical Analysis of Crimes across India." Journal of Comparative Family Studies 42, no. 2 (2011): 267–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.42.2.267.

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36

Ceccato, Vania, and Yuri Paz. "Crime in São Paulo’s metro system: sexual crimes against women." Crime Prevention and Community Safety 19, no. 3-4 (2017): 211–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/s41300-017-0027-2.

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37

Bansal, Kiron, and Gita Bamezai. "Crimes Against Women and the Role of the Indian Press." Media Asia 18, no. 4 (1991): 204–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01296612.1991.11727072.

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38

Gill, Aisha. "'Crimes of Honour’ and Violence against Women in the UK." International Journal of Comparative and Applied Criminal Justice 32, no. 2 (2008): 243–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01924036.2008.9678788.

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39

Danner, Allison Marston. "Enhancing the Legitimacy and Accountability of Prosecutorial Discretion at the International Criminal Court." American Journal of International Law 97, no. 3 (2003): 510–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3109838.

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The rapid ratification of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (ICC) and the orderly election of its judges and prosecutor belie the radical nature of the new institution. The Court has jurisdiction over genocide, aggression, crimes against humanity, and war crimes—crimes of the utmost seriousness often committed by governments themselves, or with their tacit approval. The ICC has the formal authority to adjudge the actions of high state officials as criminal and to send them to jail, no matter how lofty the accused’s position or undisputed the legality of those acts under dome
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40

Jessee, Erin. "Rwandan Women No More." Conflict and Society 1, no. 1 (2015): 60–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/arcs.2015.010106.

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Since the 1994 Rwandan genocide, the current government has arrested approximately 130,000 civilians who were suspected of criminal responsibility. An estimated 2,000 were women, a cohort that remains rarely researched through an ethnographic lens. This article begins to address this oversight by analyzing ethnographic encounters with 8 confessed or convicted female génocidaires from around Rwanda. These encounters reveal that female génocidaires believe they endure gender-based discrimination for having violated taboos that determine appropriate conduct for Rwandan women. However, only female
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Sharma, Visha, Mohammad Ishtiaque, and Dimple Kumar. "Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Crimes Against Women in Uttar Pradesh (2001-2018)." National Geographical Journal of India 66, no. 4 (2020): 371–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.48008/ngji.1755.

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The crime against women is a subject of great concern globally but in the Indian context it much alarming especially in Uttar Pradesh. According to the National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB) report 2018, 378277 cases of crime against women were reported in India up from 359849 in 2017 and Uttar Pradesh topped the list with 59445 cases. The present paper is an attempt to show a Spatio-temporal analysis of crimes against women in Uttar Pradesh. The analysis is based on the secondary data that was collected from the National Crime Record Bureau (NCRB)and the Census of India. The main objective of th
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Iyer, Lakshmi, Anandi Mani, Prachi Mishra, and Petia Topalova. "The Power of Political Voice: Women's Political Representation and Crime in India." American Economic Journal: Applied Economics 4, no. 4 (2012): 165–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/app.4.4.165.

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Using state-level variation in the timing of political reforms, we find that an increase in female representation in local government induces a large and significant rise in documented crimes against women in India. Our evidence suggests that this increase is good news, driven primarily by greater reporting rather than greater incidence of such crimes. In contrast, we find no increase in crimes against men or in gender-neutral crimes. We also examine the effectiveness of alternative forms of political representation. Large scale membership of women in local councils affects crime against them
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Aravindh, R. Venkatesh, and R. Subramani. "Crimes against Women: An Inherent Study on Crime Portrayal against Women by Tamil Dailies of Tamil Nadu." Research Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 9, no. 1 (2018): 225. http://dx.doi.org/10.5958/2321-5828.2018.00040.2.

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44

Luca, Dara Lee, Emily Owens, and Gunjan Sharma. "Can Alcohol Prohibition Reduce Violence Against Women?" American Economic Review 105, no. 5 (2015): 625–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.p20151120.

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Violence against women is a critical problem across the world. In this paper, we exploit state and temporal variation in alcohol control in India to examine the impact of prohibition on alcohol consumption and violent crimes against women. We first use detailed household survey data to show that prohibition policies are associated with substantially lower rates of drinking among men and domestic violence. Next, we provide evidence that alcohol prohibition reduces aggregate violence against women in officially reported crime data. The results suggest that policies that restrict access to alcoho
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Ragunathan, Aarthee, and Ezhilmaran Devarasan. "Data hiding the truth for the last few years: a panel data analysis of crimes against women." Journal of Criminological Research, Policy and Practice 5, no. 2 (2019): 132–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcrpp-01-2019-0007.

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PurposeThe offence against femininity has not only destroyed India’s development but also its future. When it comes down to the most important factor like sex, the social evils like “sati” and “dowry” that had been plaguing our country have been banned in India. India is the most dangerous nation in regard to sexual violence against women, according to the summary of the Thomson Reuters Foundation, 2018. The purpose of this paper is to determine the relationship between the total populations of women with other different types of women crime in all states in India.Design/methodology/approachTh
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46

GALBRAITH, JEAN. "The Good Deeds of International Criminal Defendants." Leiden Journal of International Law 25, no. 3 (2012): 799–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0922156512000398.

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AbstractInternational criminal tribunals try defendants for horrific acts: genocide, war crimes, and crimes against humanity. At sentencing, however, evidence often arises of what I will call defendants’ ‘good deeds’ – humanitarian behaviour by the defendants towards those on the other side of the conflict that is conscientious relative to the culture in which the defendants are operating. This article examines the treatment of good deeds in the sentencing practices of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia and International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda. I show that the
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First, Anat, and Michal Agmon-Gonnen. "Is a Man's Car More Important than a Battered Woman's Body? Human Rights and Punishment for Violent Crimes against Female Spouses." New Criminal Law Review 12, no. 2 (2009): 135–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nclr.2009.12.2.135.

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The study examines, through textual analysis, the narrative of verdicts in violent crimes of men against their female spouses in Israel, and compares them with vehicle-related crimes through an examination of human rights discourse. The comparison with vehicle-related crimes, taken from other legal discourse of property crimes, was selected in order to examine whether the rights to life and dignity include women, or whether women are perceived as property akin to a vehicle. Moreover, the article clarifies whether the position of women in legal discourse in Israel has changed from subject to ob
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48

Ochab, Ewelina U. "Daesh’ Atrocities Against Women and Girls and The Necessary Response." Chrześcijaństwo-Świat-Polityka, no. 24 (May 27, 2020): 142–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/csp.2020.24.1.24.

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Since 2014, Daesh has been perpetrating mass atrocities against the population of Syria and Iraq, and beyond, and especially, crimes targeting religious minorities in Syria and Iraq. These included atrocities specifically targeting women and girls, including, rape, sexual abuse, and sexual slavery, and many more. Nonetheless, Daesh fighters are not being prosecuted for such crimes against women and girls and their (few) prosecutions are being conducted for terror-related offences only. The paper explores the use by Daesh of rape and sexual violence against minority women and girls. It consider
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49

Susanti, Vinita. "Pembunuhan Suami oleh Istri dalam Konteks Kekerasan dalam Rumah Tangga dan Penghukuman yang Dialaminya." Sawwa: Jurnal Studi Gender 13, no. 2 (2018): 261. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/sa.v13i2.2991.

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This article discusses the experience of women accused of 'killing' their husbands, with the punishment they experienced. The type of research is feminist, with a qualitative approach. Women who commit killings against their own husbands, in criminology are said to be 'typical' crimes. In a positivist (normative) legal review, these women are said to be perpetrators of murder crimes. From a crimi­no­logical point of view, the perpetrator actually shows his position as a victim of domestic violence. The crimes com­mitted by them are gender-based crimes. The focus of this paper is about punishme
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50

Motwani, Mayank, Pratha Purwar, Rachit Mathur, and Aatif Jamshed. "An Efficient Approach towards Crimes against Women using Time Series Algorithm." International Journal of Computer Applications 179, no. 34 (2018): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5120/ijca2018916730.

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