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Books on the topic 'Work-related concerns'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 12 February 2022

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1

Carola, Eyber, Roundtable on the Demography of Forced Migration., and Joseph L. Mailman School of Public Health. Program on Forced Migration and Health., eds. Psychosocial concepts in humanitarian work with children: A review of the concepts and related literature. Washington, DC: National Academies Press, 2003.

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Boffo, Vanna, and Monica Fedeli, eds. Employability & Competences. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6453-672-9.

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The book is the final report of the researches, discussions, conversations around and about the Project PRIN Employability & Competences which took place on March 9th-&#8208;11th, 2017 within an International Conference at the University of Florence. It was the final event of the project PRIN2012LATR9N which aims were: «to design innovative programs for higher education, to promote personalized and learner-centered teaching and learning, to build on job competencies, to value talents to create new work opportunities, to support young adults during their employment emergency, as a resp

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Gvozdeva, Valentina. Intelligent technologies in unmanned systems. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1083296.

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The textbook discusses the work on the application of intelligent technologies in unmanned systems. A description of the research methodology is given, the results of the work carried out, as well as their interpretation are presented. The basics of managing intelligent unmanned systems are studied. The basic concepts and definitions, the history of development, and the basics of data management in unmanned systems are described. The main methods and models used in intelligent unmanned systems are presented. The issues of data management in unmanned systems of various types of activities are c

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Burmistrova, Lyudmila. Accounting. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1045886.

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the textbook reveals the basics of accounting and reporting. This knowledge will help economists and managers to better understand the work of accountants, quickly and carefully make management decisions based on the processes occurring in the organization's finances. It contains the most important concepts and definitions. Raises the main problems related to the organization and maintenance of accounting, reporting, financial management based on analysis and management accounting. In addition, the issues of taxes and tax accounting at the enterprise were touched upon. The material

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Schneider, Jörg, and Ton Vrouwenvelder. Introduction to safety and reliability of structures. 3rd ed. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/sed005.

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<p>Society expects that buildings and other structures are safe for the people who use them or who are near them. The failure of a building or structure is expected to be an extremely rare event. Thus, society implicitly relies on the expertise of the professionals involved in the planning, design, construction, operation and maintenance of the structures it uses.<p>Structural engineers devote all their effort to meeting society’s expectations effi ciently. Engineers and scientists work together to develop solutions to structural problems. Given that nothing is absolutely and etern

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Cevelev, Aleksandr. Strategic development of railway transport logistics. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1194747.

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The monograph is devoted to the methodology of material and technical support of railway transport. According to the types of activities, the nature of the material and technical resources used, technologies, means and management systems, Russian railways belong to the category of high-tech industries that must have high quality and technical level, reliability and technological efficiency in operation. For this reason, the logistics system itself, both in structure and in the algorithm of the functions performed as a whole, needs a serious improvement in the quality of its work. The economic

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Yahya, Khulida Kirana, Faridahwati Mohd Shamsudin, Zuraida Hassan, Md Lazim Mohd Zin, Hadziroh Ibrahim, and Mohd Rasul Mohammad Noor, eds. Book of readings issues on Quality of Work Life (QWL). UUM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/9789833827626.

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This book is a collection of articles related to themes, issues and concerns related to Quality of Work Life (QWL). This book is organized into two separate but related parts. Part A is a collection of articles on how QWL is examined from the perspective of Human Resource Management (HRM). HRM is a broad concept that entails the policies, practices, and systems that influence employees behaviour, attitudes and performance.Topics such as organizational citizenship behaviour, organizational politics, job stress, and interpersonal topics are some issues that are closely related to QWL. Part B, is

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Hansen, Esther, Jennifer Barsky Reese, and Justin Grayer. Body Image and Couples. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190655617.003.0015.

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Abstract: Body image concerns can create challenges in a cancer survivor’s partnered relationship, and aspects of this relationship can influence how a survivor copes with body image concerns. This chapter describes both research and clinical interventions focusing on couples experiencing body image distress associated with cancer and its treatment. First, the chapter reviews observational and couple-based intervention research relevant to the problem of body image distress and the partnered relationship. Next, it offers an overview of conceptual principles relevant to couple-based clinical ap

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Løgstrup, K. E., and Hans Fink. Ethical Concepts and Problems. Edited by Bjørn Rabjerg and Robert Stern. Translated by Kees van Kooten Niekerk and Kristian-Alberto Lykke Cobos. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859048.001.0001.

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This book concerns the nature of ethics and the relation between ethics and politics in the philosophy of Danish philosopher and theologian K. E. Løgstrup. In the book, Løgstrup argues that apart from deontology and teleology, there is a third main tradition within philosophical ethics, which he calls ontological ethics. According to Løgstrup, ontological ethics is rooted in the fundamental conditions of human life and is closely related to Martin Luther’s natural law ethics. Løgstrup sees the fundamental ethical relationship between humans as one of interdependence based on mutual vulnerabili

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Christopher, Paul P., and Laura B. Dunn. Psychiatric Research Ethics. Edited by John Z. Sadler, K. W. M. Fulford, and Werdie (C W. ). van Staden. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732372.013.11.

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The nature of neuropsychiatric disorders raises questions and concerns that must be addressed for research on these disorders to proceed ethically. This chapter discusses the rationale for both conceptual and empirical ethics work related to psychiatric research, focusing in particular on informed consent, decision-making capacity, and voluntarism. The extant literature regarding the abilities of people with mental illness to provide informed consent to research is reviewed. Also discussed are the ethical implications of co-occurring problems frequently faced by people with mental illness. Fin

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Johnston, Josephine, and Naomi Scheinerman. Protecting Research, Preserving Trust. Edited by John Z. Sadler, K. W. M. Fulford, and Werdie (C W. ). van Staden. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198732372.013.12.

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This chapter reviews the two main concerns about financial relationships with industry: that they could conflict with research-related obligations leading to biased or flawed research and an incomplete research record, and that they could undermine trust in biomedical research, researchers, and research institutions. We show that these concerns are valid, and that they persist in the U.S., despite a gradual tightening over the past decade of rules and regulations regarding financial conflicts of interest in biomedical research. The threat that financial interests can pose to research integrity

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Newman, Jennifer, and Charles R. Marmar. Executive Function in Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Edited by Charles B. Nemeroff and Charles R. Marmar. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190259440.003.0015.

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This chapter discusses the role of executive function in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), which is far from fully understood. Deficits are subtle and findings are often inconsistent. Impairments have been related to worsening of psychological symptoms, functioning, and quality of life. They can also negatively impact treatment. Functional imaging shows that neurocognitive deficits in PTSD may be related to an imbalance in brain connectivity, where emotion processing is enhanced and control is reduced. Structural findings show abnormalities in brain regions involved in higher-level functi

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Bratman, Michael E. Intention, Practical Rationality, and Self-Governance. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190867850.003.0004.

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Planning agency involves characteristic norms of practical rationality—in particular, norms of consistency and of means-end coherence of intentions. This essay defends the idea that there is normally a normative reason of self-governance in favor of conformity to these norms in the particular case. I contrast this self-governance-based view of these norms of plan rationality with the myth theories of Joseph Raz and Niko Kolodny, and with the cognitivism of Kieran Setiya. I explain how this view responds to concerns (including an argument from Setiya that focuses on nonmodifiable intentions) ab

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McCrea, Michael A., and Lindsay D. Nelson. Effects of Multiple Concussions. Edited by Ruben Echemendia and Grant L. Iverson. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199896585.013.10.

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There is growing concern that suffering multiple sport-related concussions may increase an athlete’s risk of cumulative neurocognitive and neurobehavioral impairment. Many concerns have not been well-validated, however, owing to limited samples of repeatedly concussed players. In this article, we review the theoretical risks and current evidence regarding the extent to which repeat concussions impact players’ experience of and recovery following successive injuries. Concussion effects are considered at multiple levels (e.g., self-reported physical and psychiatric symptoms, neuropsychological p

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Roskes, Erik J., and Donna Vanderpool. Forensic issues. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0061.

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A range of forensic psychiatry issues frequently present themselves in correctional settings. Incompetency to stand trial is one such concern. In some states, defendants found incompetent to stand trial must be managed in jail. Litigation is another important issue. Psychiatrists working in correctional settings often have increased litigation risks regarding professional negligence and other forms of liability. Especially important is understanding whether their insurer covers correctional work. One common form of litigation is habeas corpus. For example, a habeas petition could be brought to

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Epstein-Lubow, Gary, and Elizabeth Tobin-Tyler. Forensic Issues and Caregivers of the Elderly. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199374656.003.0011.

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Providing patient-centered care for an elderly individual with a mental health condition requires clinicians and family caregivers to work together. This chapter provides a description of a mental health treatment model, the triadic model of caregiving, in which service delivery for a patient includes clinicians communicating with family members or caregivers. Description of the mental health workforce to support patient-centered care is provided along with laws and policies that support family caregivers in their aid of patients. The associated legal responsibilities and ethical issues relate

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Broome, Matthew, Paolo Fusar-Poli, and Philippe Wuyts. Conceptual and Ethical Issues in the Prodromal Phase of Psychosis. Edited by K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini, and Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0046.

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Our focus in this chapter is to address some of the philosophical issues that arise in the scientific and clinical study of the prodromal phase of psychosis. We discuss issues from both metaphysics and philosophy of science as we all as those related to phenomenological approaches and clinical ethics. A clear challenge arises in considering how models of a continuum of psychosis and of schizophrenia as a neurodevelopmental disorder can be reconciled with a scientific understanding of the prodrome as a discrete constellation of signs and symptoms. Clinical and research work on the prodromal sta

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Mele, Alfred R., ed. Surrounding Self-Control. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197500941.001.0001.

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This book is one of the fruits of the Philosophy and Science of Self-Control project, a three-year project designed to explore the topic of self-control from a variety of angles: neuroscience; social, cognitive, and developmental psychology; decision theory; and philosophy. The book is divided into four main parts: “What is self-control and how does it work?”; “Temptation and goal pursuit”; “Self-control, morality, and law”; and “Extending self-control.” Part I explores conceptual and empirical questions about the nature of self-control and how self-control functions. Questions featured here i

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Unger, Herwig, ed. Autonomous Systems 2019: An Almanac. VDI Verlag, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783186864109.

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Since 2010 it became a good tradition that colleagues from different research areas publish articles about their unsolved scientific problems, on-going work or research results in a joint book with the title “Autonomous Systems”. Those systems exist in several areas of science, describing self-contained and self-controlled groups of possibly interacting or interrelated entities that form unified ensembles acting in given environment without outer control of any higher instances, leaders or managers. In this year, three major topics are presented, which are valiant, strongly interfering with po

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Marques, Teresa, and Åsa Wikforss, eds. Shifting Concepts. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803331.001.0001.

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Concepts stand at the centre of human cognition. We use concepts in categorizing objects and events in the world, in reasoning and action, and in social interaction. It is therefore not surprising that the study of concepts constitutes a central area of research in philosophy and psychology. Since the 1970s, psychologists have carried out intriguing experiments testing the role of concepts in categorizing and reasoning, and have found a great deal of variation in categorization behaviour across individuals and cultures. During the same period, philosophers of language and mind did important wo

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Kronsell, Annica. Gender and Governance. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.186.

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Gender has been conceptualized in various ways in the mainstream governance literature and critical feminist work. The relationship between the concepts of gender and governance can be viewed as governance of gender and gender governance. The governance of gender is related to the way in which the values that permeate governance reflect traditional gender regimes. On the other hand, gender governance concerns governance in policy areas that, in the first instance, directly deal with women's issues. Gender governance is about the attempts to change gender regimes by inserting new policies, proc

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Misra, Girishwar, ed. Psychology: Volume 3. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199498864.001.0001.

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This survey of research on psychology in five volumes is a part of a series undertaken by the ICSSR since 1969, which covers various disciplines under social science. Volume Three of the survey, Psychology of Organizations, focusses on some of the important facets of organizational behaviour. Research in the work setting has observed that factors like family responsibilities, non-work events, and employment-related legislation also influence work behaviour. Today, technology is increasingly playing greater role in organizational settings and workplaces are becoming more and more diverse in the

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Ferraro, Kenneth F. The Gerontological Imagination. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190665340.001.0001.

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The Gerontological Imagination provides an integrative overview of the scientific study of aging. Although investigators from many disciplines study aging, concerns have been raised about the intellectual coherence of gerontology precisely because it draws from and contributes to a wide array of disciplines. Biologists, psychologists, and sociologists may claim an interest in gerontology, but do they have a common image of aging or a set of principles to guide their research? This book develops a paradigm for the study of aging by articulating and integrating six axioms related to causality, l

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Southwell, Brian G. Promoting Popular Understanding of Science and Health Through Social Networks. Edited by Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Dan M. Kahan, and Dietram A. Scheufele. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190497620.013.25.

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To explore how interpersonal interactions affect popular understanding of science, this chapter discusses the ways in which social interaction affects understanding of science among individuals outside of scientific institutions, the emergence of scientists as important social network hubs and nodes, dimensions of social networks that affect discussion of science, and message and context factors that appear to facilitate or temper the diffusion of information related to science, including rumor. Interpersonal communication concepts and evidence offer much to science communication scholars and

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Maltzman, Sara, ed. The Oxford Handbook of Treatment Processes and Outcomes in Psychology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199739134.001.0001.

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TheOxford Handbook of Treatment Processes and Outcomes in Psychologypresents a multidisciplinary approach to a biopsychosocial, translational model of psychological treatment across the life span. It describes cutting edge research across developmental, clinical, counseling, and school psychology; social work; neuroscience; and psychopharmacology. TheHandbookemphasizes the development of individual differences in resilience and mental health concerns, including social, environmental, and epigenetic influences across the life span, particularly during childhood. TheHandbookis a primer for pract

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Avramides, Anita, and Matthew Parrott, eds. Knowing Other Minds. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794400.001.0001.

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The essays in this volume are concerned with the question of how we are to understand the foundations of our capacity to know and understand others. While the essays address issues that have long puzzled philosophers, they also engage with more contemporary issues generated by recent empirical work in the cognitive sciences. The first two essays focus on more general concerns. They tease out various questions that have been asked in connection with others, and consider how they may be thought to be related to one another. The three chapters that follow explore some of the issues that arise whe

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Segal, Gabriel. Truth and Meaning. Edited by Ernest Lepore and Barry C. Smith. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199552238.003.0009.

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This article says something about previous work related to truth and meaning, goes on to discuss Davidson (1967) and related papers of his, and then discusses some issues arising. It begins with the work of Gottlob Frege. Much work in the twentieth century developed Frege's ideas. A great deal of that work continued with the assumption that semantics is fundamentally concerned with the assignments of entities (objects, sets, functions, and truth-values) to expressions. So, for example, those who tried to develop a formal account of sense did so by treating senses as functions of various kinds;

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Ahlstrom-Vij, H. Kristoffer, and Jeffrey Dunn, eds. Epistemic Consequentialism. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198779681.001.0001.

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An important issue in epistemology concerns the source of epistemic normativity. Epistemic consequentialism maintains that epistemic norms are genuine norms in virtue of the way in which they are conducive to epistemic value, whatever epistemic value may be. So, for example, the epistemic consequentialist might say that it is a norm that beliefs should be consistent in virtue of the fact that holding consistent beliefs is the best way to achieve the epistemic value of accuracy. Thus epistemic consequentialism is structurally similar to the familiar family of consequentialist views in ethics. R

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NDONGO-KELLER, Justine, Évariste NTAKIRUTIMANA, Mame THIERNO CISSE, and Marc VAN CAMPENHOUDT, eds. La traduction et l’interprétation en Afrique subsaharienne : les nouveaux défis d’un espace multilingue. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.9782813003898.

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Cet ouvrage collectif rassemble quatorze contributions scientifiques consacrées à La traduction et l’interprétation en Afrique subsaharienne. Le sous-titre Les nouveaux défis d’un espace multilingue se situe au cœur des préoccupations des auteurs, qui allient souvent une expérience professionnelle indéniable à leur statut universitaire. Rédigées en français et en anglais, leurs analyses couvrent au moins sept pays différents, lorsqu’elles ne décrivent pas des réalités et des défis qui transcendent largement les frontières. Les problématiques abordées sont nombreuses et étroitement imbriquées :

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Pollack, Howard. Radio and Patriotic Work, 1940–1945. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190458294.003.0007.

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This chapter explores Latouche’s extensive work in radio during the war years, including notable efforts on behalf of the Allied cause. He began his association with radio writing experimental radio dramas for The Listener’s Playhouse. He subsequently began to write radio shows covering such war-related topics as Russian and Chinese relief. Other shows concerned the principles for which the war was being waged—a topic that also informed continuing work with Earl Robinson. His involvement with radio left its mark on his other work.

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Crescenzi, Mark J. C., Rebecca H. Best, and Bo Ram Kwon. Reciprocity in International Studies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.414.

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Reciprocity refers to the character of the actions and reactions between two or more actors. This character is commonly one of responding in kind to the actions of another. As such, reciprocity is considered one of the fundamental processes observed by scholars in the study of international relations (IR). In the realm of international politics, the study of reciprocity typically encompasses formal/experimental and empirical research. Some scholars look at ethical dimensions and the propagation of norms such as the Golden Rule, while others undertake empirical analysis of patterns of reciproci

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Feldman, Seymour. Gersonides. Liverpool University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781904113447.001.0001.

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Gersonides (1288–1344) was a philosopher as well as an astronomer and biblical exegete. This book is a comprehensive picture of Gersonides' philosophy that is both descriptive and evaluative. Unusually for a Jewish scholar, Gersonides had contacts with several Christian notables and scholars. It is known that these related to mathematical and astronomical matters; the extent to which these contacts also influenced his philosophical thought is a matter of some controversy. Unquestionably, he wrote a library of philosophical, scientific, and exegetical works that testify not only to the range of

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Rantanen, Jorma H. A Global Perspective on Occupational Health and Safety. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662677.003.0040.

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Occupational hazards as well as occupational injuries and diseases are frequent and serious problems not only in industrialized high-income countries, but also in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In high-income countries, the occurrence of occupational injuries and chemically-related disorders has decreased while psychosocial problems and issues for disabled, aging, and other vulnerable workers have increased. In the LMICs, “traditional” occupational hazards and related injuries and diseases are still a major concern. Globalization, while providing some benefits to workers, has presen

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Anderson, James A. Brain Theory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199357789.003.0013.

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The elementary particles of cognition are concepts. Simple, accurate association alone can be misleading. Cognitive concepts work as valuable cognitive data compression, for example, giving a set of related items the same class name: tables, chairs, birds. Cognitive concepts also contain internal structure with good and bad examples and have fuzzy edges. Concepts can be associatively linked in semantic networks to store and retrieve information. Cognition using networks is an active search process and need not require further learning to be useful. Low-level concepts can lead to the formation

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King, Patricia M., and Karen Strohm Kitchener. Cognitive Development in the Emerging Adult. Edited by Jeffrey Jensen Arnett. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199795574.013.14.

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This chapter examines cognitive development in emerging adulthood by focusing on two concepts: cognitive complexity and development. More specifically, it explores how complex cognitive abilities enable emerging adults to better cope with the demands of adult life through the aid of complex thinking that results from cognitive development. To understand cognitive development, the chapter first outlines several conditions that make a cognitive change developmental in nature. It then discusses three cognitive processes, namely, cognition, metacognition, and epistemic cognition, with emphasis on

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Smedley, Julia, Finlay Dick, and Steven Sadhra. Occupational hygiene overview. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199651627.003.0029.

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Role and function of occupational hygienists 598Classification of occupational hazards 599Use of occupational hygiene exposure data 600Epidemiological study 601Occupational hygienists have a role in identification, evaluation, and management of work-related hazards, as part of an OH team.The BOHS defines occupational hygiene as ‘The applied science concerned with the identification, measurement, appraisal of risk and control to acceptable standards of physical, chemical, and biological factors arising in or from the workplace, which may affect the health or wellbeing of those at work, or in th

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Huang, Yan. Implicature. Edited by Yan Huang. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199697960.013.7.

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The concept of implicature (both conversational and conventional) has its origin in the work of the late English philosopher H. P. Grice, though some proto-Gricean ideas can be traced back to classical times. Since its inception, the notion of conversational implicature has become one of the single most important pragmatic ideas in linguistics and the philosophy of language. It has spurred numerous new concepts such as explicature, the ‘pragmatically enriched said’, and impliciture in various neo- and post-Gricean enterprises. This chapter provides a critical overview of the current state of p

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Todorović, Dejan. The Geometric-Optical Illusions of J. J. Oppel. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0034.

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J. J. Oppel is usually credited for initiating the scientific study of illusions in the mid-nineteenth century. However, his actual work remains largely unknown. This chapter presents a number of his designs and argues that they are precursors of several later published and now classical illusions. Oppel’s related works include papers published in Jahresbericht des physikalischen Vereins zu Frankfurt am Main in the 1850s and 1860s, as well as in Annalen der Physik in 1871. Concepts discussed include geometrical-optical illusions; the Müller-Lyer illusion; position illusions of Thiéry, Wundt, a

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Dame Rosalyn, DBE, QC, Higgins, Webb Philippa, Akande Dapo, Sivakumaran Sandesh, and Sloan James. Part 3 The United Nations: What it Does, 17 Improving Social Conditions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198808312.003.0017.

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The concern of the United Nations (UN) with improving social conditions is expressed in the various parts of the UN Charter. Improving social conditions is seen not only as a goal in its own right, but as related to the aim of achieving international peace. This chapter discusses the types of activities for the purpose of improving social conditions; the ‘social’ issues addressed by the UN; major summits and conferences; social issues in the work of the principal UN organs; the General Assembly and social issues; the Economic and Social Council; social issues in the work of the Security Counci

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Spinrad, Tracy L., and Nancy Eisenberg. Compassion in Children. Edited by Emma M. Seppälä, Emiliana Simon-Thomas, Stephanie L. Brown, Monica C. Worline, C. Daryl Cameron, and James R. Doty. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190464684.013.5.

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Developmental psychologists have been increasingly interested in studying children’s “prosocial behavior,” defined as voluntary acts to benefit another. We begin this chapter by differentiating between empathy, sympathy, and personal distress reactions, arguing that compassion overlaps considerably with the construct of sympathy. Next, we focus on the normative development of children’s prosocial behavior and children’s empathy-related responses. Our empirical work also is reviewed, highlighting the differential associations of empathy, sympathy, and personal distress with children’s prosocial

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Price, Marilyn. Disability Evaluations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199387106.003.0013.

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Mental health professionals frequently participate in the disability application process. Standards and requirements for a finding of disability may vary considerably from one context to another. A disability carrier may request that a mental health professional perform an independent medical examination. This chapter discusses the concepts of work capacity, functional impairment, and disability as they apply to disability evaluations performed for the most common types of disability insurers (Social Security, workers’ compensation, and private insurers), as well as work-related evaluations in

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Merrills, John G. Introductory Note. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190923846.003.0014.

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In 2016 the ICJ gave five judgments and made two significant orders. All five judgments concerned various issues of jurisdiction, while the orders concerned respectively the appointment of experts and provisional measures of protection. Three new cases were begun in 2016. These related to the status and use of a river, the alleged immunity of a minister and the legal status of an embassy building, and the alleged violation of a treaty between Iran and the United States. The Court was also able to hold public hearings on the preliminary objections in one case with a view to giving judgment in 2

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Abraham, William J., and Frederick D. Aquino, eds. The Oxford Handbook of the Epistemology of Theology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199662241.001.0001.

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This Handbook examines and articulates what counts as appropriate epistemic evaluation in theology. Part I focuses on some of the epistemic concepts that have been traditionally employed in theology (e.g. knowledge of God, revelation and scripture, reason and faith, experience, and tradition). Part I also considers concepts that have not received sufficient epistemological attention in theology (e.g. saints, authority, ecclesial practices, spiritual formation, and discernment). Part II concentrates on epistemic concepts that have received significant attention in contemporary epistemology and

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Neeleman, Ad, and Hans van de Koot. Word Order and Information Structure. Edited by Caroline Féry and Shinichiro Ishihara. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199642670.013.20.

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This chapter is concerned with the question to what extent free word order phenomena are regulated by information-structural (IS) constraints. Progress on this question must combine detailed empirical study with bold theoretical work that aims to test restrictive hypotheses about available syntactic operations, available IS-primitives, and their mapping. The present chapter evaluates four cross-cutting word order generalizations on the basis of a rough classification of syntactic operations and IS-primitives. Operations will be divided into those that are A-related (A-scrambling, passive), tho

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Dutton, William H. Internet Studies: The Foundations of a Transformative Field. Edited by William H. Dutton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199589074.013.0001.

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This chapter offers a broad overview of Internet Studies. The key challenge of Internet Studies research focuses on the discovery of concepts, models, theories, and related frameworks that give a more empirically valid understanding of the factors influencing the Internet and its societal implications. The Internet can be used in everyday life and work, and in a converging media world. The study of Internet policy and regulation has focused on issues of freedom of expression, privacy, and ‘Internet governance’. Then, the chapter briefly discusses the issue on the definition of the Internet, an

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Santos, Frederico Rios C. dos. A Retórica da guerra cultural e o parlamento brasileiro: A argumentação no impeachment de Dilma Rousseff. Brazil Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.31012/978-65-86854-47-3.

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The origin of the term “culture wars” is controversial. It was in the United States, however, that the expression became popularized, through the publication of Culture Wars, by James Davison Hunter, in 1991. It was a description of the clash between two antagonistic world views, a conservative one, often associated with political right, and a progressive one, predominantly related to the left, but not only. Cultural war brings with it social and moral problems that concern, for example, sexuality, behavior, race, religiosity, etc., but which may also involve political and economic issues. Fro

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Verstraten, Frans A. J., and Peter J. Bex. The Motion Aftereffect. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199794607.003.0082.

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The aftereffect of motion is one of the oldest known illusions. It refers to the illusory motion of a stationary scene after some time of adaptation to real motion. While it is still unknown whether this adaptation effect has any functional value, it surely has served well as a tool to investigate the functional organization of the visual system. In this chapter some of the classic findings are discussed. More recent work using complex stimuli, attentional modulation, higher order motion, as well as modern neuro-imaging techniques has provided vision scientists with surprising new insights. Di

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Stephens, Keri K. Theoretical Notions of Control—A Mobile Tug-of-War. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190625504.003.0004.

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Communication, information, and organizational control are tightly entwined; this chapter explores the theoretical literature that elaborates on these concepts. The early years of car phones and cell phones were a time when people used their devices to reach others. But that changed as smartphones—those with Internet access—started diffusing into organizations and throughout society. Now, people with those same devices could access data and share information in addition to communicating. This chapter focuses on a process perspective on organizational control and links the data from Chapters 1

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Nyquist Potter, Nancy. Empathic Foundations of Clinical Knowledge. Edited by K. W. M. Fulford, Martin Davies, Richard G. T. Gipps, George Graham, John Z. Sadler, Giovanni Stanghellini, and Tim Thornton. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199579563.013.0021.

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This chapter sets out several views of empathy that draw not only on psychology's literature but on philosophical and psychiatric writings. Empathy is a set of complex concepts involving perception, emotion, attitudinal orientation, and other cognitive processes as well as an activity that expresses character traits and, hence, one of the virtues. In other words, an examination of the philosophical and clinical literature reveals empathy to be not one unified concept but instead a set of related characteristics and qualities needed to be an ethical and therapeutically effective clinician. To t

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Waltham-Smith, Naomi. Mozart’s Uselessness. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662004.003.0003.

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Humanity has oftentimes been defined as a laboring being. This chapter looks at how musical play undoes this determination. Using Deleuze, Guillaume, and Malabou, it revisits the relation between repetition and variation in musical form, focusing on the refrain cadences in Mozart’s piano concertos. The analyses reveal that repetition, far from being static, restores musical material to its potentiality. They show how repetition is related to virtuosic play and hence how repetition challenges the privilege of productivity and labor. To this end, this chapter reexamines what is at stake in recne

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