Книги: "Benefit calculation"

1

Services, Illinois Dept of Human. Quarterly reporting/quarterly benefit calculation. Springfield, Ill.]: Illinois Dept. of Human Services, 2002.

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2

Office, General Accounting. [Rural Telephone Bank--review of RTB's 1991 loan interest rate calculation]. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1992.

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3

Hufbauer, Gary Clyde. The benefits of price convergence: Speculative calculations. Washington, DC: Institute for International Economics, 2002.

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4

Phillips, Patricia Pulliam. Data conversion: Calculating the monetary benefits. San Francisco, CA: Pfeiffer, 2008.

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5

Rainer, Leo. Energy savings estimates and cost benefit calculations for high performance relocatable classrooms. Davis, CA: Davis Energy Group, Inc., 2003.

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6

Spencer, Lyle M. Calculating human resource costs and benefits: Cutting costs and improving productivity. New York: J. Wiley, 1986.

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7

Link, Albert N. Public goods, public gains: Calculating the social benefits of public R&D. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.

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8

Colvin, Phyllis. The economic ideal in British Government: Calculating costs and benefits in the 1970s. Manchester, UK: Manchester University Press, 1985.

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9

Colvin, Phyllis. The Economic ideal in British government: Calculating costs and benefits in the 1970s. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1985.

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10

Office, General Accounting. Private pensions: Process needed to monitor the mandated interest rate for pension calculations : report to Congressional Requesters. Washington, D.C: GAO, 2003.

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11

Lukanin, Aleksandr. Engineering ecology: processes and devices sewage treatment and recycling of precipitation. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/22139.

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The book describes the composition and properties of wastewater, shows the main methods of sewage treatment, the basic techniques of sludge treatment, as well as hardware design of these processes. Also in the manual covers the methods, processes and devices for mechanical and biological wastewater treatment, as well as processing and recycling of sludge, are the methods of calculations related equipment. Compliant with the Federal state educational standard of the latest generation of higher education. The publication is intended for students directions "Technosphere safety" (20.03.01, 20.04.01), "Ecology and Nature" (05.03.06, 05.04.06), as well as the "Industrial Ecology and Biotechnology» (19.00.00). Also, the benefit will be useful to professionals working in the field of environmental engineering.

12

Jansen, Jan Theo Maria. Monte Carlo calculations in diagnostic radiology: Dose conversion factors and risk benefit analyses = Monte Carlo berekeningen in de radiodiagnostiek : dosis conversiefactoren en risico baten analyses. [Leiden: Rijkuniversiteit te Leiden, 1998.

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13

Michigan. Department of Human Services. Performance audit of bridges decision tables and benefit calculations for selected public assistance programs: Department of Human Services and Department of Technology, Management, and Budget. Lansing, Michigan]: Michigan Office of the Auditor General, 2014.

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14

O'Malley, Michael. Are you paid what you're worth?: The complete guide to calculating and negotiating the salary, benefits, bonus, and raise you deserve. New York: Broadway Books, 1998.

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15

Miner, J. Ronald. MAC: Manure application calculator (pilot) : application of animal manure and other waste materials to cropland in order to obtain maximum economic benefit while protecting the surface and groundwater quality. Corvallis, OR: Dept. of Bioresource Engineering, Oregon State University, 1992.

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16

House, United States Congress. A bill to amend title XVIII of the Social Security Act to impose a moratorium on the implementation of the per beneficiary limits under the interim payment system for home health agencies, and to modify the standards for calculating the per visit cost limits and the rates for prospective payment systems under the Medicare home health benefit to achieve fair reimbursement payment rates, and for other purposes. [Washington, D.C.?]: [United States Government Printing Office], 1998.

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17

United, States Congress Senate Committee on Banking Housing and Urban Affairs. The First Republicbank of Texas assisted merger: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundredth Congress, second session, on the merger of the North Carolina National Bank and the First Republicbank of Texas, the role of tax benefits and the assumption used for calculating the ultimate cost to the FDIC, August 11, 1988. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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18

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. The First Republicbank of Texas assisted merger: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundredth Congress, second session, on the merger of the North Carolina National Bank and the First Republicbank of Texas, the role of tax benefits and the assumption used for calculating the ultimate cost to the FDIC, August 11, 1988. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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19

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. The First Republicbank of Texas assisted merger: Hearing before the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs, United States Senate, One Hundredth Congress, second session, on the merger of the North Carolina National Bank and the First Republicbank of Texas, the role of tax benefits and the assumption used for calculating the ultimate cost to the FDIC, August 11, 1988. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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20

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Government Operations. Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations Subcommittee. H.R. 1873, reparations: Does inclusion in federal eligibility calculations destroy their restitutionary character? : hearing before the Human Resources and Intergovernmental Relations Subcommittee of the Committee on Government Operations, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, on H.R. 1873, to require certain payments made to victims of Nazi persecution to be disregarded in determining eligibility for and the amount of benefits or services based on need, November 10, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1997.

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21

Division, Oregon Audits, ed. Oregon Public Employees Retirement System: Benefit calculation audit. Salem, Or: Secretary of State, Audits Division, 2002.

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22

Washington (State). Air Quality Program., ed. Technical appendix for benefit calculation for estimates of the benefits and costs from reductions in grass seed field burning: Project report. Olympia, WA: Air Quality Program, Washington Dept. of Ecology, 1996.

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23

[Rural Telephone Bank--review of RTB's 1991 loan interest rate calculation]. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1992.

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24

Group, Child Poverty Action, ed. Benefits rates and calculations: April 1989-1990. Bradford: Child Poverty Action Group, 1989.

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25

Phillips, Patricia Pulliam, and Holly Burkett. Data Conversion: Calculating the Monetary Benefits. Center for Creative Leadership, 2008.

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26

Phillips, Patricia Pulliam, and Holly Burkett. Data Conversion: Calculating the Monetary Benefits. Center for Creative Leadership, 2016.

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27

Paddon, Grace. Social Security Benefits: Calculation, Taxation, Offsets and the Special Minimum. Nova Science Publishers, Incorporated, 2014.

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28

Phillips, Jack J., and Patricia Pullian Phillips. Data Conversion: Calculating the Monetary Benefits (Measurement in Action). Pfeiffer, 2008.

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29

Heath, Joseph. Philosophical Foundations of Climate Change Policy. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197567982.001.0001.

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Although the task of formulating an appropriate policy response to the problem of anthropogenic climate change is one that raises a number of very difficult normative issues, environmental ethicists have not played an influential role in government deliberations. This is primarily due to their rejection of many of the assumptions that structure the debates over policy. This book offers a philosophical defense of these assumptions in order to overcome the major conceptual barriers to the participation of philosophers in these debates. There are five important barriers: First, the policy debate presupposes a stance of liberal neutrality, as a result of which it does not privilege any particular set of environmental values over other concerns. Second, it assumes ongoing economic growth, along with a commitment to what is sometimes called a weak sustainability framework when analyzing the value of the bequest being made to future generations. Third, it treats climate change as fundamentally a collective action problem, not an issue of distributive justice. Fourth, there is the acceptance of cost-benefit analysis, or more precisely, the view that a carbon-pricing regime should be guided by our best estimate of the social cost of carbon. And finally, there is the view that when this calculation is undertaken, it is permissible to discount costs and benefits, depending on how far removed they are from the present. This book attempts to make explicit and defend these presuppositions, and in so doing offer philosophical foundations for the debate over climate change policy.

30

Bethke, Craig M. Geochemical Reaction Modeling. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195094756.001.0001.

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Geochemical reaction modeling plays an increasingly vital role in several areas of geoscience, from environmental geochemistry and petroleum geology to the study of geothermal and hydrothermal fluids. This book provides an up-to-date overview of the use of numerical methods to model reaction processes in the Earth's crust and on its surface. Early chapters develop the theoretical foundations of the field, derive a set of governing equations, and show how numerical methods can be used to solve these equations. Other chapters discuss the distribution of species in natural waters; methods for computing activity coefficients in dilute solutions and in brines; the complexation of ions into mineral surfaces; the kinetics of precipitation and dissolution reactions; and the fractionation of stable isotopes. Later chapters provide a large number of fully worked calculation examples and case studies demonstrating the modeling techniques that can be applied to scientific and practical problems. Students in a variety of specialties from low-temperature geochemistry to groundwater hydrology will benefit from the wealth of information and practical applications this book has to offer.

31

Sapse, Anne-Marie, ed. Molecular Orbital Calculations for Biological Systems. Oxford University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195098730.001.0001.

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Molecular Orbital Calculations for Biological Systems is a hands-on guide to computational quantum chemistry and its applications in organic chemistry, biochemistry, and molecular biology. With improvements in software, molecular modeling techniques are now becoming widely available; they are increasingly used to complement experimental results, saving significant amounts of lab time. Common applications include pharmaceutical research and development; for example, ab initio and semi-empirical methods are playing important roles in peptide investigations and in drug design. The opening chapters provide an introduction for the non-quantum chemist to the basic quantum chemistry methods, ab initio, semi-empirical, and density functionals, as well as to one of the main families of computer programs, the Gaussian series. The second part then describes current research which applies quantum chemistry methods to such biological systems as amino acids, peptides, and anti-cancer drugs. Throughout the authors seek to encourage biochemists to discover aspects of their own research which might benefit from computational work. They also show that the methods are accessible to researchers from a wide range of mathematical backgrounds. Combining concise introductions with practical advice, this volume will be an invaluable tool for research on biological systems.

32

Calculation of Environmental Costs and Benefits Associated with Hydropower Development in the Pacific Northwest. Bonneville Power Administration, 1986.

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33

How Much Is Clean Air Worth Calculating The Benefits Of Pollution Control. Cambridge University Press, 2014.

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34

Colvin, Phyllis. The Economic Ideal in British Government: Calculating Costs and Benefits in the 1970's. Manchester Univ Pr, 1987.

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35

Wada, Erika, Tony Warren, and Gary Clyde Hufbauer. The Benefits of Price Convergence: Speculative Calculations (Policy Analyses in International Economics) (Policy Analyses in International Economics). Peterson Institute, 2002.

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36

Shambaugh, David, ed. China and the World. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190062316.001.0001.

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China and the World is the most comprehensive, up-to-date scholarly assessment of China’s foreign relations and roles in international affairs. Students, scholars, practitioners, and publics worldwide will benefit from the information and insights contained herein. Written by sixteen leading international specialists, it covers China’s contemporary position in all regions of the world, with all major powers, and across multiple arenas of China’s international interactions. It also explores the sources of China’s grand strategy, how the past shapes the present, and the impact of domestic factors that shape China’s external behavior. As the world evolves in increasingly unpredictable directions, the impact of China will be one of the key determinants of the future global order. No country or society can escape China’s reach—indeed, many seek its embrace. China brings benefits to many but is also a problematic interlocutor for others. Overall, public opinion surveys indicate that China’s reputation around the world is mixed, with as many societies viewing China favorably as unfavorably. This volume explores the sources of this ambivalence. As China becomes a leading global power, and its footprint continually expands on different continents, understanding the parameters of its international presence, and what motivates China, is imperative for others. This volume digs deep inside China’s multidimensional “toolbox” to explore the instruments that Beijing uses around the world: economic, diplomatic, cultural, military, media, and other elements. China and the World provides many insights into China’s calculations and behavior and identifies a number of challenges China will face in the future.

37

Veatch, Robert M., Amy Haddad, and E. J. Last. Experimentation on Human Subjects. Edited by Robert M. Veatch, Amy Haddad, and E. J. Last. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190277000.003.0016.

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This chapter examines ethical issues in research involving human subjects. The Nuremberg trials, which exposed to all humankind the outrageous things that could be done in the name of medical science, led to the Nuremberg Code, the first international document from public sources setting out an ethic for research on human subjects. Basic differences are outlined between the goals of therapy for the good of a patient and those of research that focus on attainment of knowledge and the good of society. To protect the interests of human subjects who take part in research, guidelines such as the Declaration of Helsinki have been established for assessing risks and benefits, voluntary consent, protection of privacy and confidentiality, and equity in subject selection. The chapter focuses on the difficulty in calculating harms and benefits to subjects and challenges of obtaining informed consent for participation in research.

38

Council of Europe. Directorate of Social and Economic Affairs., Towards a Child-Friendly Society (Conference) (1999 : Stockholm), and Conference of European Ministers Responsible for Family Affairs, (26th : 1999 : Stockholm), eds. Family benefits and the family situation as a factor in the calculation of income tax in Council of Europe member states: 1999 update : Sectretariat memorandum. Strasbourg: Council of Europe, 1999.

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39

Moran, John. Tropical Dairy Farming. CSIRO Publishing, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643093133.

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Tropical Dairy Farming is a manual designed for use by dairy production advisors working in tropical areas, especially in South-East Asia. It aims to increase the productivity of small holder dairy farmers in the humid tropics by improving the feeding management of their livestock. It shows how to provide dairy cows with cost-effective feeds that match small holder farming systems and discusses the major obstacles to improving feeding management in the humid tropics. The author shows the benefits and drawbacks of various feed components and the calculation of balanced diets based mainly on forages combined with some supplementary feeding. Diseases and problems associated with unbalanced diets are also covered, as well as important information on growing and conserving quality forages as silage. The book draws on examples from a variety of countries including Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, Vietnam, China, East Timor and the Philippines.

40

Brennan, Iain R. High Stakes. Edited by Wim Bernasco, Jean-Louis van Gelder, and Henk Elffers. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199338801.013.17.

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This chapter describes the contradictory roles that weapons play in offender decision making as mechanisms that can both increase the physical harm to a victim of violence and also reduce the need for physical harm in victims of robbery. Because weapons serve simultaneously offensive and defensive purposes, the way in which offenders carry and use weapons is subject to a complex decision-making process. This process is presented and interpreted from a rational perspective, incorporating an offender’s calculation of potential benefits and costs as well as the uncertainty of a victim’s response. A rational analysis of weapon carrying and use is presented along with research evidence suggesting that culture and availability are important influences on weapon of choice and weapon-related behavior. The chapter concludes with a review of the effectiveness of weapons in reducing victim resistance and retaliation showing that weapon use is a high-reward/high-cost activity.

41

Wiffen, Philip, Marc Mitchell, Melanie Snelling, and Nicola Stoner. Patient management issues. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198735823.003.0010.

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This chapter outlines information relevant to pharmacists and other healthcare professionals on patient management issues related to special populations. It covers management of patients with liver impairment, including drug use, drug dosing, and hepatorenal syndrome. Drug use and dosing in renal impairment is discussed and the various methods of assessing or calculating glomerular filtration rate are reviewed. The use of drugs in pregnancy and breastfeeding is discussed with guidance given on assessing the risks versus benefits of drug use in these situations. Drugs and dietary considerations (including cultural considerations, food allergy and intolerance, and metabolic disorders), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency and porphyria are discussed.

42

Willumsen, David M. The Acceptance of Party Unity in Parliamentary Democracies. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805434.001.0001.

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The central argument of this book is that voting unity in European legislatures is not primarily the result of the ‘disciplining’ power of the leadership of parliamentary parties, but rather the result of a combination of ideological homogeneity through self-selection into political parties and the calculations of individual legislators about their own long-term benefits. Despite the central role of policy preferences in the subsequent behaviour of legislators, preferences at the level of the individual legislator have been almost entirely neglected in the study of parliaments and legislative behaviour. The book measures these using an until now under-utilized resource: parliamentary surveys. Building on these, the book develops measures of policy incentives of legislators to dissent from their parliamentary parties, and show that preference similarity amongst legislators explains a very substantial proportion of party unity, yet alone cannot explain all of it. Analysing the attitudes of legislators to the demands of party unity, and what drives these attitudes, the book argues that what explains the observed unity (beyond what preference similarity would explain) is the conscious acceptance by MPs that the long-term benefits of belonging to a united party (such as increased influence on legislation, lower transaction costs, and better chances of gaining office) outweigh the short-terms benefits of always voting for their ideal policy outcome. The book buttresses this argument through the analysis of both open-ended survey questions as well as survey questions on the costs and benefits of belonging to a political party in a legislature.

43

Tir, Jaroslav, and Johannes Karreth. The Interplay Between Civil War Development and Highly Structured Intergovernmental Organizations. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190699512.003.0003.

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This chapter defines highly structured intergovernmental organizations (IGOs) and examines their temporal and spatial evolution. It then describes the role that these organizations can play during civil war development. We argue that highly structured IGOs have an inherent, vested self-interest in the domestic peace and stability of member-states; the institutional structure and substantial resources that allow them both to act quickly and to be able to alter the cost-benefit calculations of both the government and rebel sides; and an enduring preference for member-states’ internal peace and stability. These features of highly structured IGOs satisfy all three conditions for successful civil war prevention identified in Chapter 2. The chapter further elaborates on why and how highly structured IGOs sanction member-states at risk of civil war and develops our main hypothesis: states’ memberships in highly structured IGOs decrease the risk that low-level armed conflicts escalate to full-scale civil wars.

44

Ullmann-Margalit, Edna. Second-Order Decisions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802433.003.0003.

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People are often reluctant to make decisions by calculating the costs and benefits of alternative courses of action in particular cases. Knowing, in addition, that they may err, people and institutions often resort to second order strategies for reducing the burdens of, and risk of error in, first order decisions. They make a second order decision when they choose one from among such possible strategies. They adopt rules or presumptions; they create standards; they delegate authority to others; they take small steps; they pick rather than choose. Some of these strategies impose high costs before decision but low costs at the time of ultimate decision; others impose low costs both before and at the time of ultimate decision; still others impose low costs before decision while exporting to others the high costs at the time of decision.

45

Greaves, Ian, and Sir Keith Porter. Oxford Handbook of Pre-hospital Care. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198734949.001.0001.

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This handbook is the invaluable guide to providing high-quality care in a pre-hospital environment. Evidence-based and reflecting new developments in regulation and practice, this second edition is designed to provide key information for all immediate care practitioners, including doctors, paramedics, emergency medical technicians, and community responders. The text has been cross-referenced with the Joint Royal Colleges Ambulance Liaison Committee (JRCALC) handbook and appropriate national clinical guidelines to ensure full clinical relevance. Reflecting the major advances in delivery of pre-hospital care, including the greater survival benefits for heart attacks and major trauma when delivering patients directly to higher levels of care, the evolution of the paramedic role into critical care paramedics, roadside rapid sequence induction of anaesthesia, and the introduction of mechanical chest compression devices, this new edition is the ideal companion for those involved in delivering pre-hospital care. It also links to relevant online databases and mobile apps that can assist with calculations, and contains key algorithms and formulae to ensure good care.

Книги з теми "Benefit calculation"

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