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Статті в журналах з теми "Benefit calculation"

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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 червня 2021

Оновлено: 12 лютого 2022

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1

Li, Yan Qing, Fang Yuan Wei, Fei Long Wang, and Kai Hang Sun. "Study on the Dynamic Benefits of Pumped Storage Power Station." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 2173–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.2173.

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Based on the full analysis of prior benefit estimation methods of pumped storage power station, from the perspective of pumped storage power station participating in actual operation, itemized analysis on the main dynamic benefits of pumped storage power station and further study of quantitative calculation methods of all the benefits have been down in this paper. When calculating emergency reserve benefit, it introduces a new method of quantitative evaluation of dynamic benefits in a accident, whose core is calculating the curves of load rising in two situations, which are with and without pumped storage units’ participation. With this method, three specific indicators for the evaluation of emergency reserve benefit can be achieved, namely the lack of supply of power consumption, the lack of electricity and accident duration difference. The calculation of black start benefit should be taken into account some of the cost compensation as a black start power. These studies can necessarily promote the healthy development of the pumped storage power station.

2

Vijaya Saradhi, T., Sk Ayesha Muskan, K. Janaki Ram, and T. Praveen Kumar. "Web service selection based on response time based on QOS." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.1 (December 21, 2017): 278. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.1.9485.

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Choosing an ideal web benefit among a summary of practically proportional web benefits is still a test problem. For the benefits of the Internet, the proximity of low performing servers, high inactivity or the general poor quality of the administration can turn into lost business, disappointment of the client and lost clients. Existing framework in view of Hidden Markov Models, which also proposes an ideal form for the execution of customer demands. Just calculate the reaction time. In this endeavor we propose three different calculations Ant Colony (- based) Optimization, hereditary calculation and Analytic Algorithm. The method we display may be used to compute and anticipate the behavior of internet services in phrases of costs, accessibility and reaction time could be used to classify administrations quantitatively instead of simply subjectively. Against the rationalization calculation of the province used to organize the reaction time. Hereditary calculation used to distinguish the specific cost of the web benefit and the research calculation used to verify the accessibility of web services. It shows the accessibility and manageability of our strategy by extracting probes of genuine information. The outcomes have proven how our proposed technique can allow the client to consistently choose almost all reliable Web To benefit from considering some measurements, among them, the consistency of the frame and the inconsistency of the reaction time.

3

Hope, Chris. "Nuclear Power and Global Warming: A First Cost-Benefit Calculation." Energy & Environment 5, no. 3 (September 1994): 195–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0958305x9400500303.

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This paper investigates the costs and benefits of a modest nuclear power programme in the European Union to combat the threat of global warming. The nuclear programme is found to bring a double benefit. The first and more obvious benefit is that the economic impacts of global warming are reduced. The second benefit is counter-intuitive; most people would expect it to be a cost. It comes from the stimulus to the economy from the construction of the nuclear plant, which, with the recycling of carbon tax revenues, offsets its construction and operating costs, and may even cause consumers' expenditure to rise. Calculations in this paper show that over the period to 2100 the mean net present value of the first benefit is 6 billion European Currency Units (ECU; 1 ECU is about $1), while the second benefit has a mean net present value of 158 billion ECU. However both benefits, particularly the second, are still very uncertain, to the extent that even their sign is not yet definitely established.

4

Riaman, Dwi Susanti, Agus Supriatna, and Budi Nurani Ruchjana. "Calculation of benefit reserves based on true m-thly benefit premiums." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 893 (October 2017): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/893/1/012029.

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5

Zhang, Kaiyu, Yuyao Feng, Lijia Ren, and Quanning Yuan. "Optimal Reconstruction of Power Distribution Network based on Reliability and Economy." E3S Web of Conferences 64 (2018): 04007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20186404007.

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Great significance shall be attached to the research on how to improve reliability of user-end power supply with limited expense by coordinating reliability and economic efficiency of power grid, so that to meet the increasing demand on reliability of electric power, and achieve considerable economic effectiveness. In this paper, process of power distribution network reliability calculation based on minimum-path failure mode and effect analysis mode is expounded, and a demonstration on calculation of power distribution network reliability is provided. Furthermore, cost-benefit analysis, which includes calculations of cost and benefit of reliability, is introduced to reflect reliability efficiency through power interruption cost calculation. At the end of this paper the cost-benefit Analyses is applied on the optimal reconstructed power distribution network.

6

HUTAPEA, ANGGIE EZRA JULIANDA, I. NYOMAN WIDANA, and LUH PUTU IDA HARINI. "PENENTUAN CADANGAN PREMI DENGAN PERHITUNGAN PROSPEKTIF UNTUK ASURANSI PENDIDIKAN." E-Jurnal Matematika 7, no. 2 (May 13, 2018): 122. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2018.v07.i02.p193.

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The purpose of this research is to get formula to calculate premium reserve value with prospective calculation for education insurance. This study examines the value of premium reserves for people aged 40 years with a coverage period of 17 years. In determining the value of premium reserve using the prospective calculation. It will be started by completing the value of the Indonesian Mortality Table 2011 using the interest rate of 6.5%, calculating the cash value of the benefit, the annuity value, the net annual premium value, and the net monthly premium value. The results of this study indicate that the value of premium reserves with a prospective calculation for benefits paid at the end of the year and the premium reserve value for benefits paid at the time the insured dies, its value with the value of the cash price set by the insurer at the end of year- 17 on the insurance contract.

7

Huang, Dongliu, Jianluan Guo, and Wenjun Ouyang. "Economical research on optimizing heating parameters of steam heating condensate recovery in thermal power plants." Thermal Science 25, no. 4 Part B (2021): 3209–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci2104209h.

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The paper starts with calculating the share of heat of condensate in thermal power plants in the total heat of steam, expounds the purpose, significance, and principle requirements of condensate recovery. Introduces the composition and classification of condensate recovery system, proposes technical and economic indicators for condensate recovery, and derives them a simple algorithm for the benefit of condensate recovery is presented. Finally, two calculation examples are used to illustrate the considerable benefits of condensate recovery.

8

Arif, Arif Muhammad. "STRATEGI PEDAGANG MENGHADAPI PERSAINGAN (STUDI KASUS WARUNG SEMBAKO PAK RAHMAD DI DEPOK)." Jemasi: Jurnal Ekonomi Manajemen dan Akuntansi 17, no. 1 (June 8, 2021): 49–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35449/jemasi.v17i1.225.

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This study aims to find out more about the management of the basic food stall business so that it can compete with other basic food stalls. The method used in this research is a qualitative and quantitative analysis method. Qualitative analysis is used to determine the management process using management functions (Planning, Organizing, Actuating, Controlling), and quantitative analysis using the calculation of Cash Flow, Break Even Point (BEP), Payback Period, and B/C Ratio (Benefit Cost Ratio). ). From the results of the calculation of the financial aspect, it can be seen that the profit of Mr. Rahmad's food stall business using cash flow calculations is Rp. 7,670,000 per month, while the payback period is 4 months, the return on investment is acceptable. The calculation of the unit BEP is 143.36 kg. Meanwhile, the rupiah unit BEP is Rp. 3,442,959. According to the calculation of the Benefit Cash Ratio of 18.4 > 1, Pak Rahmad's basic food stall is feasible.

9

Margulies, Timothy S. "Simple cost risk-benefit calculation: nuclear plant backfit analysis." Reliability Engineering & System Safety 86, no. 3 (December 2004): 327–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ress.2004.02.010.

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10

Yaya, Sanni, and Xiaonan Li. "Guide to cost benefit analysis of community-based interventions." Journal of Hospital Administration 3, no. 5 (April 14, 2014): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/jha.v3n5p47.

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This paper offers a general guide on how to conduct a proper economic analysis for community-based intervention projects. Identification and quantification of costs and benefits are the focus of the cost benefit analysis. We categorize costs and benefits from human and physical perspectives and pay special attention to the measures of saving human lives accompanied by the proposed calculation methods. We recommend net present value and benefit-cost ratio as the criteria to assess projects and highlight some challenges remaining in the analysis.

11

Yu, Zhuo, Li Xiong, and Feng Shang. "Ocean Surface Rendering Method Based on Mild-Slope Equation." Advanced Materials Research 1064 (December 2014): 197–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1064.197.

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Mild-slope equation is usually used in many simulation applications. The equation has obviously benefit which based on physical method that can present the real status of water, but the shortcoming is also clearly that the calculations spending lots of times which not support some real-time applications. We use hyperbola to simple the equation calculation process, and use alternating directions implicit (ADI) way to solve this equation. The result shows that the ADI way can use less calculation and less time to accomplish the calculation. We also use the new features of GPU(graphics process unit) to speed up the calculation so that we can render the surface in real-time application.

12

KAZAMA, So, Hisayoshi MORISUGI, and Masaki SAWAMOTO. "INTEGRATED EVALUATION OF THE MEKONG RIVER FLOOD USING BENEFIT CALCULATION." PROCEEDINGS OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING 47 (2003): 367–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/prohe.47.367.

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13

Sun, Stephen, Suzanne Heske, Melanie Mercadel, and Jean Wimmer. "Predicting Regulatory Product Approvals Using a Proposed Quantitative Version of FDA’s Benefit–Risk Framework to Calculate Net-Benefit Score and Benefit–Risk Ratio." Therapeutic Innovation & Regulatory Science 55, no. 1 (July 8, 2020): 129–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s43441-020-00197-1.

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Abstract Background Approval of regulated medical products in the USA is based upon a rigorous review of the benefits and risks as performed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) staff of scientists and is summarized in a descriptive and qualitative format called the FDA’s Benefit–Risk Framework (BRF). This present method highlights the key factors in regulatory decision-making, but does not clearly define the reason for its final approval. Method This study proposes a quantitative version of FDA’s BRF to calculate a Net-Benefit Score and a Benefit–Risk Ratio as a method to define a single-value summary of the tradeoffs between benefits and risks and allow comparisons among other products. In this retrospective review of five years of new molecular entities and new biologic (N = 185 products) regulatory decision-making, this proposed scoring system codifies and quantitates the information about a product’s benefits, risks, and risk management information in a format that may predict why regulated medical products are approved in the USA. Results Simple calculation of codified benefits, risks, and risk mitigations with numerical limits is proposed to provide a repeatable process and transparency for documenting the net-benefit of regulatory product approval. Conclusion Use of a strict process of collecting, codifying, and analyzing public information to determine a Net-Benefit score and a Benefit–Risk Ratio is possible to anticipate regulatory product approval.

14

Jüttner, Matthias, Sebastian Grabmaier, Jonas Rohloff, Desirée Vögeli, Wolfgang Rucker, Peter Göhner, and Michael Weyrich. "A DISTRIBUTED METHOD FOR TRANSIENT SIMULATIONS THAT DYNAMICALLY CONSIDERS SUPPLEMENTARY RESULTS FROM AUTONOMOUS SOFTWARE AGENTS." Informatyka Automatyka Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 8, no. 2 (May 30, 2018): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.0701.

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Based on autonomous software agents capable of calculating individual numerical field problems, a distributed method for solving transient field problems is presented. The software agents are running on distributed resources connected via a network and represent a dynamic calculation environment. Communication and data exchange between multiple agents enables their collaboration and allows decisions based on distributed overall knowledge. As unique characteristics, no central unit influences the solution process at any time. The presented simulation example and its evaluated calculation process proves the method to benefit from redundant resources.

15

Wan, Xiaoming, Mei Lei, and Tongbin Chen. "Cost–benefit calculation of phytoremediation technology for heavy-metal-contaminated soil." Science of The Total Environment 563-564 (September 2016): 796–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.12.080.

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16

Nasution, Mahliza, Dedi Rahmad, and Rusyanto Rusyanto. "Financial and Economic Analysis Irrigation Area Development Bajayu – Serdang Bedagai." SPECTA Journal of Technology 2, no. 1 (November 27, 2019): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.35718/specta.v2i1.95.

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Serdang Bedagai is one of the rice granaries in North Sumatera Province, but its agricultural potential has not been well managed due to lack of water for irrigation, especially in the dry season.With bajayu weir construction, is expected to improve water demand forclean water and irrigation for agricultural processes can be developed and managed bygood.The cost of construction of the dam construction is very large, so it needs to be reviewed if the benefits and income generated are proportional to the costs and losses incurred.The final goal of this research is to conduct financial and economic analysis in the construction of bajayu weir.This study uses financial and economic analysis using Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), Benefit cost Ratio (BCR) indicators and also analyzes sensitivity due to cost changes.Optimal handling is estimated after 10 years, so within that time the benefit increases linearly until the 13th year and will remain from year 13 to the next.From the calculation of finance development of bajau irrigation area obtained NPV = Rp.1.778.603.070.507,62-, IRR = 27%, BCR = 4.6.And from the economic calculation of the area of irrigation bajayu obtained NPV = Rp.1.235.038.404.979,95-, IRR = 32% BCR = 6.92.And calculation of sensitivity analysis has also been done to change of cost and benefit equal to ± 5% and ± 10% for financial and economic analysis indicate that project plan still very feasible.

17

Ding, Kun, You Yong Su, Yan Xia Wang, and Wu Di Zhang. "Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation of Rural Household Biogas Based on Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Method." Advanced Materials Research 663 (February 2013): 801–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.663.801.

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The comprehensive benefit evaluation is the key of reasonable development for the rural household biogas. The evaluation index was established according to the economic efficiency, energy efficiency, ecological benefit and social benefits and so on, which was used to resolve the problem that the effect factors of comprehensive benefit evaluation of rural household biogas are more and the quantitative evaluation can't completely be finished. The secondary mathematical model of fuzzy comprehensive evaluation for comprehensive benefit evaluation of rural household biogas was established by fuzzy mathematical method. The case calculation shows that this method is simple and practical, which not only convenient for experts to compare, selection and score, but also has the effect of quantification. It is integrated between the qualitative analysis and quantitative evaluation and the result is satisfactory through.

18

de Vries, Henk J., and Joey L. Veurink. "Cost-Benefit Analysis of Participation in Standardization." International Journal of Standardization Research 15, no. 1 (January 2017): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsr.2017010101.

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Participation in standardization costs time and thus money and additionally there are out of pocket costs. Is it worth this investment? This paper seeks to develop and test a method to calculate cost and benefits of participation. Companies can use such a calculation to prepare a decision whether or not to join, during the process whether or not to continue, and afterwards to evaluate if the overall benefits outweigh the cost. Academic researchers can use the same method to analyze impacts of standardization projects.

19

Pepe, Margaret S., Holly Janes, Christopher I. Li, Patrick M. Bossuyt, Ziding Feng, and Jørgen Hilden. "Early-Phase Studies of Biomarkers: What Target Sensitivity and Specificity Values Might Confer Clinical Utility?" Clinical Chemistry 62, no. 5 (May 1, 2016): 737–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2015.252163.

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Abstract BACKGROUND Many cancer biomarker research studies seek to develop markers that can accurately detect or predict future onset of disease. To design and evaluate these studies, one must specify the levels of accuracy sought. However, justified target levels are rarely available. METHODS We describe a way to calculate target levels of sensitivity and specificity for a biomarker intended to be applied in a defined clinical context. The calculation requires knowledge of the prevalence or incidence of cases in the clinical population and the ratio of benefit associated with the clinical consequences of a positive biomarker test in cases (true positive) to cost associated with a positive biomarker test in controls (false positive). Guidance is offered on soliciting the cost/benefit ratio. The calculations are based on the longstanding decision theory concept of providing a net benefit on average in the population, and they rely on some assumptions about uniformity of costs and benefits to those tested. RESULTS Calculations are illustrated with 3 applications: predicting colon cancer recurrence in stage 1 patients; predicting interval breast cancer (between mammography screenings); and screening for ovarian cancer. CONCLUSIONS It is feasible to specify target levels of biomarker performance that enable evaluation of the potential clinical impact of biomarkers in early-phase studies. Nevertheless, biomarkers meeting the criteria should still be tested rigorously in studies that measure the actual impact on patient outcomes of using the biomarker to make clinical decisions.

20

Shinkareva, Olga. "Peculiarities of calculation and payment of transport tax by medical organizations." Buhuchet v zdravoohranenii (Accounting in Healthcare), no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 38–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-17-2004-05.

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The article is devoted to the peculiarities of calculation and payment of transport tax by medical organizations. The benefits under this tax which can be applied by these organizations are considered. It has been revealed that the federal benefit can be applied only to helicopters and aircraft of sanitary aviation and medical service, and the regions can supplement this list. Aspects of determination of tax amount, including using increasing factors, were analyzed. Aspects of the new format of interaction of organizations-payers of transport tax with tax authorities, which comes into force in the beginning of 2021, are disclosed. Practical examples of defining both individual tax elements and its calculation are considered.

21

Liu, Da Wei, Pei Lin Huang, and Jin Zu Ji. "The Prediction and Analysis of Helicopter Rotor Rotation Noise in Hover." Applied Mechanics and Materials 397-400 (September 2013): 291–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.397-400.291.

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A prediction program for analysis of helicopter rotor rotation noise was developed based on Farassat1A formulation. The acoustic prediction program was validated by the comparison with the WOPWOP program results in the literature.The loads input for the acoustic calculation are obtained from CFD calculation. The directional characteristic analysis was conducted by this program. Some calculations were conducted for evaluating the influence of rotor parameters including rotor speed , blade pitch ,and blade dihedral for the helicopter rotor rotation noise in hover. The results show that some proper changes of rotor parameters can bring benefit in thickness and loading noise of helicopter rotor. Several conductive conclusions were summarized for the helicopter rotor noise reduction.

22

McNally, Bridget, Anne M. Garvey, and Thomas O’Connor. "Valuation of defined benefit pension schemes in IAS 19 employee benefits - true and fair?" Journal of Financial Regulation and Compliance 27, no. 1 (February 11, 2019): 31–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jfrc-03-2018-0048.

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PurposeThis paper aims to argue that the accounting standards’ requirements for the valuation of defined benefit pension schemes in the financial statements of scheme sponsoring companies potentially produce an artificial result which is at odds with the “faithful representation” and “relevance” objectives of these standards.Design/methodology/approachThe approach is a theoretical analysis of the relevant reporting standards with the use of a practical example to demonstrate the impact where trustees adopt a hedged approach to portfolio investment.FindingsWhere a pension fund engages in asset liability matching and invests in “risk-free” assets, the term, quantity and duration/maturity of which is intended to match some or all of its scheme liabilities, the required accounting treatment potentially results in the sponsoring company’s financial statements reporting fluctuating surpluses or deficits each year which are potentially ill informed and misleading.Originality/valuePension scheme surpluses or deficits reported in the financial statements of listed companies are potentially very significant numbers; however, the dangers posed by theoretical nature of the calculation have largely gone unreported.

23

Martens, P., P. Calle, and O. Vanhaute. "Theoretical calculation of maximum attainable benefit of public access defibrillation in Belgium." Resuscitation 36, no. 3 (March 1998): 161–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0300-9572(98)00014-8.

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24

Nelson, Lewis S., Peter E. Gordon, Marc D. Simmons, William L. Goldberg, Mary Ann Howland, and Robert S. Hoffman. "The Benefit of Houseofficer Education on Proper Medication Dose Calculation and Ordering." Academic Emergency Medicine 7, no. 11 (November 2000): 1311–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1553-2712.2000.tb00481.x.

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25

Wang, Sen, Yingtian Zhang, Zhiyong Gan, Liansheng Zhou, Qingbo Hu, Guilin Wang, Yigang Zhou, and Changzhi Zhang. "Application and Benefit Calculation of Waste Heat Recovery of Power Plant Boiler." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 677 (December 10, 2019): 032007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/677/3/032007.

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26

Cahyadi, Hery Sigit, Herlan Suherlan, and Muhammad Aldo Dewantara. "Cost and Benefit Analysis of Sports Tourism in Downhill Trek, Cikole Lembang, Bandung Barat District, West Java Province." Jurnal Kepariwisataan: Destinasi, Hospitalitas dan Perjalanan 5, no. 1 (June 10, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.34013/jk.v5i1.293.

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The purpose of the research is to analyze the cost and benefit analysis and find out the feasibility of sport tourism development at Cikole, Lembang in support the lacal community income. This research was conducted at the Downhill Track Cikole Bike Park in Lembang District and is a tourist attraction in the form of downhill bicycle track facilities. The number obtained is the result of calculating the comparison between benefits and costs and shows the value that can be defined as a feasible activity, because the numbers obtained have a value of more than 1 which is an indication of eligibility with a results in the form of> 1 declared feasible and if <1 (less of) is declared ineligible. Based on the calculation results of the Cost-Benefit Ratio (CBR) analysis with the final result in the form of a comparison value of 3,3128528. With the increase in the number of visits and opening of new jobs, the results of the analysis in the form of downhill activities have been declared feasible.

27

Singh, Saurabh, Praveen Kumar Shukla, Rashmi Ranjan, and Anurag Kumar. "Developing a Genetic Fuzzy System Model for Cost-Benefit Analysis." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTERS & TECHNOLOGY 13, no. 4 (April 30, 2014): 4416–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/ijct.v13i4.2857.

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Cost benefit analysis is a systematic approach for calculation and analyzing the cost of a project. Soft computing approaches are also applicable to deal with cost benefit analysis. In this paper Mamdani fuzzy system has been developed for cost benefit analysis. The genetic optimization of the model is carried out. The interpretability and accuracy features are also analyzed.

28

Andrianto, Andrianto. "Perencanaan Pajak ( Tax Planning ) Dalam Upaya Meminimalisasi Pajak Terhutang Pph Pasal 21." Journal of Accounting Science 3, no. 1 (November 16, 2019): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21070/jas.v3i1.2677.

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This study aimed to obtain evidence about tax planning (tax planning) in an effort to minimize the tax payable on the income tax section 21 PT. Telkom Kandatel East Surabaya.The data used in this study are primary data and Primary sekunder.Data obtained directlyfrom interviews with management directly related to this study, while secondary dataobtained from both sources other than primary data. Analysis data technique using decisiontheory, which is associated with the policy management in decision making.Theresults of the analysis in this study was obtained in the calculation of income tax article21 methods covered employee / employer, income tax article 21 is not given in theform of benefits for employees, so that section 21 income tax paid can not be treatedas expenses in calculating the lab / fiscal loss. Methods of tax allowances, income taxarticle 21 permanent employees paid by the company but granted in the form of incometax benefit of article 21, so it can be financed by the company in the calculation of theprofit / loss fiscal. If this method raises margin Article 21 Income tax article 21 Income taxallowances that can reduce the take home pay of employees. So that income tax maybe applied as a deduction in the calculation of the profit / loss tax gross-up method isused, whereby if the terms of the tax saving and take home pay is a better method

29

SAEFULOH, SANI, I. NYOMAN WIDANA, and LUH PUTU IDA HARINI. "PERHITUNGAN PREMI TAHUNAN TIDAK KONSTAN DAN CADANGAN BENEFIT ASURANSI LAST SURVIVOR DWIGUNA." E-Jurnal Matematika 9, no. 2 (May 26, 2020): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mtk.2020.v09.i02.p286.

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Last Survivor Insurance is life insurance for two or more participants with premiums paid until the death of the last participant. This study discusses last survivor endowment insurance for two participants in a married couple. Compensation is paid after the second person dies or both stills alive after the end of a contract. The purpose of this study is to determine the value of non-constant annual premium and benefits reserves in the last survivor endowment insurance. The equivalence principle is used for calculation of premiums. Furthermore, the benefit reserve formula is determined using a prospective method. The value of the benefit reserve will continue to increase as long as premium payments are still being made.

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Hayat, Abdul, and Esa Rizki Hari Utama. "RANCANGAN APLIKASI KALKULATOR ILMU FALAK BERBASIS SMARTPHONE." CCIT Journal 11, no. 2 (August 18, 2018): 201–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/ccit.v11i2.588.

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In practice, astronomy studies about how to calculate the direction of qibla, the beginning of prayer time, the beginning of the month of Hijri and the possibility of eclipses. Usually people who are studying astronomy do calculations by manual. Performing calculations manually has a risk in terms of calculation accuracy. Therefore, the presence of this application of astronomy calculators is expected to benefit people, especially Moslems who want to know the position of the Qibla for prayer, to estimate the beginning of the Hijri month, the Hijri calendar, and so forth. This article is an idea how to design a mobile smart phone-based astronomy calculator application. The method begins with literature studies from books and articles on astronomy that have been developed by some previous researchers; then the design is used to describe how the application model of the calculator of astronomy according to smart phone format as a mobile application, either Android or iOS. It is expected that with this mobile application can spread as widely as possible for the utilization of astronomy to all people who need, especially when doing the activities of reckoning and sighting of moon

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Padash, Rahman, Abdol Hamid Jafari, and Effat Jamalizadeh. "Experimental and theoretical study of aluminium corrosion in NaOH, NaCl and HCl solutions." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 65, no. 4 (June 4, 2018): 350–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-04-2017-1785.

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Purpose Study of corrosion behaviour could benefit from quantum chemical calculation to investigate the role of adsorption of main anions such as OH− and Cl− on metallic surfaces. The purpose of this study is to report the quantum chemical study of aluminium immersed in NaOH, NaCl and HCl solutions and verifying the calculations by potentiodynamic and open-circuit potential (OCP) measurements. Design/methodology/approach The electrochemical evaluations based on potentiodynamic polarization and OCP experiments were carried out. For theoretical investigations, the quantum chemical calculation was performed. In this regard, the adsorption of Cl−, OH− and H+ on aluminium surface was investigated. Furthermore, the natural bond orbital for the direction and magnitude of charge transfer interactions was calculated. Findings The calculations indicate that higher interaction energy between ions with the metallic cluster being modelled together with natural bond orbital calculations of direction and magnitude of charge transfer accurately predicts corrosion. Originality/value This paper shows that ions such as Cl−, OH− and H+ cause the corrosion of aluminium in NaOH, NaCl and HCl environments. The overall theoretical data corroborate with experimental results.

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Sutarman, Sutarman, Yuni Setya Hartati, and Puteri Anggita Dewi. "Measurement of Educational Feasibility Using Cost and Benefit Analysis at STAINU Temanggung." IJECA (International Journal of Education and Curriculum Application) 3, no. 1 (April 15, 2020): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.31764/ijeca.v3i1.2062.

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Current social reality produces a conclusion that the purpose of education is inseparable from employment. Therefore, the feasibility of Indonesian education needs to be considered in terms of the benefits obtained by its graduates. Management Discipline has a formula regarding profit and loss. This formula can be adopted in education management. Furthermore, in this study this formula is referred to as a cost and benefit analysis. Adoption of this formula requires a reinterpretation of all the components in it. Net benefit (NB) is the result of reduction and direct benefit and indirect benefits with costs (C) and depreciation (D). This research uses research and development methods Data collection was carried out by interview method and questionnaire. Sampling is carried out by random sampling technique The results of this calculation are then consulted with the range that has been made in the form of a percentage. The trial conducted on the feasibility of education at STAINU Temanggung University showed that the educational feasibility level at the faculty was 29.72%. This means that the university has an enough feasible meaning in implementing education if analyzed from a cost and benefit analysis

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ITO, Hiroyuki, Katsuhiko DEMURA, and Kazuo SATO. "Cost benefit analysis of farm road improvement project-Calculation of internal rate of return, net present value and benefit ratio." JOURNAL OF RURAL PLANNING ASSOCIATION 19 (2000): 61–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.2750/arp.19.19-suppl_61.

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이종연. "Calculation of Total Benefit by the Contingent Valuation Method for Cost-Benefit Analysis: Focusing on Income and Distance-Decay Effects." KDI Journal of Economic Policy 36, no. 1 (February 2014): 43–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.23895/kdijep.2014.36.1.43.

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Schwartz, Barry. "The Limits of Cost-Benefit Calculation: Commentary on Bennis, Medin, & Bartels (2010)." Perspectives on Psychological Science 5, no. 2 (March 2010): 203–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1745691610362355.

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Goodpasture, James Earl. "Calculation of foregone taxes and community benefit for Florida not-for-profit hospitals." International Journal of Healthcare Management 12, no. 2 (July 20, 2017): 137–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20479700.2017.1353775.

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尹, 立明. "Industrial Water Characteristics in Xingtai City and Analytical Calculation of Water Saving Benefit." Journal of Water Resources Research 04, no. 01 (2015): 39–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/jwrr.2015.41005.

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Bebić, Dragan, Ladislav Stazić, Antonija Mišura, and Ivan Komar. "EDD – Economic Benefit Analysis of Extending Dry Docking Interval." Transactions on Maritime Science 7, no. 02 (October 22, 2018): 164–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.7225/toms.v07.n02.006.

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The possibility of interval extension between two dry docking is alternatively offered to the shipowners by classification societies. Although, for now, such a possibility is limited only to certain types of ships, a significant shift has been accomplished in accordance with today's technical and technological capacities. It is quite clear that not all shipowners will accept this option, as either five-year or even mid-interval might suit them well. The option introduces an economic benefit, but requires additional preparation to withstand the full interval without negative consequences, primarily related to the protection of underwater part of the hull. The relationship of economic benefits and the cost of investment to successfully pass the complete period gives a clear view to the shipowner for the decision of accepting an extended dry docking period between two consecutive dry dockings. This paper is presenting one of the approaches to calculate feasibility of prolonging dry docking interval. Calculation example represents an economic indicator, crucial for shipowner’s decision to accept prolonged dry docking interval. The paper presents an analysis of underwater hull condition for the vessel with a composite coating. It is based on a collection of actual data registered in the period of seven years. Significant data have been derived from the analysis, allowing basic set up for theoretical assessment as well as the real justification of extended dry docking period between two consecutive dry dockings of the vessel. Some of the presented facts, related to underwater composite coating, might be used for similar calculations.

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Christiaens, Tim. "The entrepreneur of the self beyond Foucault’s neoliberal homo oeconomicus." European Journal of Social Theory 23, no. 4 (July 25, 2019): 493–511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1368431019857998.

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In his lectures on neoliberalism, Michel Foucault argues that neoliberalism produces subjects as ‘entrepreneurs of themselves’. He bases this claim on Gary Becker’s conception of the utility-maximizing agent who solely acts upon cost/benefit-calculations. Not all neoliberalized subjects, however, are encouraged to maximize their utility through mere calculation. This article argues that Foucault’s description of neoliberal subjectivity obscures a non-calculative, more audacious side to neoliberal subjectivity. Precarious workers in the creative industries, for example, are encouraged not merely to rationally manage their human capital, but also to take a leap of faith to acquire unpredictable successes. It is this latter risk-loving, extra-calculative side to neoliberal subjectivity that economists usually designate as ‘entrepreneurial’. By confronting Foucault with the theories of entrepreneurship of the Austrian School of Economics, Frank Knight, and Joseph Schumpeter, the Foucauldian analytical framework is enriched. Neoliberal subjectivation is not the monolithic promotion of utility-maximizing agents, but the generation of a multiplicity of modes for entrepreneurs to relate to oneself and the market.

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Schaff, Jeffery E., and Michele L. Schaff. "Debunking the $17 billion myth: the mathemagics behind the fiduciary rule." Journal of Investment Compliance 18, no. 2 (July 3, 2017): 46–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/joic-04-2017-0027.

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Purpose Identifies fundamental errors, both mathematical and methodological, in the purported $17 billion annual benefit from the U.S. Department of Labor’s Conflict of Interest Rule, commonly known as the Fiduciary Rule. Design/methodology/approach Examines the methodologies and data used by the Council of Economic Advisers (CEA) in calculating the estimated $17 billion benefit of the Fiduciary Rule, and then recalculates the benefit according to the CEA’s stated methodologies and data descriptions. The approach is non-partisan, the review apolitical. Findings The article concludes that the estimated $17 benefit from the DOL’s Fiduciary Rule was grossly exaggerated and that other data suggests the Rule may not provide meaningful new protections for investors. Originality/value From the perspective of staunch fiduciary advocates, the calculation of the benefit to IRA investors from the DOL’s Fiduciary Rule is examined. The current measures that protect individual investors are also noted. The information may provide a turning point in the discussion of the Rule’s delay and potential rescission. It may also provide relevant points for the DOL to consider as it carries out its task of re-evaluating the Rule.

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Zhou, Xiao Cheng, Li Deng, and Jian Gang Yan. "Task Assigned Algorithmic for Multi-UCAV Based on Auction Mechanism." Advanced Materials Research 490-495 (March 2012): 1792–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.490-495.1792.

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Under the uncertain battle environment, the key to completing battle task of UCAV is that whether the dynamic task could be assigned in real-time and effective method. Dynamic task assigned arithmetic of UCAV is put forward based on auction mechanism principle in this paper. Arithmetic flow is shown, benefit calculation function is constructed and algorithmic efficiency is analyzed in this paper. Simulation experiments indicate that this algorithmic reduces more calculating quantity and has better real time character compared with traditional method.

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Niu, Xiao Yu, and Yun Fei Xing. "Design and Calculation of a Large Self-Anchored Ecological Block Retaining Wall." Applied Mechanics and Materials 253-255 (December 2012): 789–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.253-255.789.

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Designed the large self-anchored ecology block retaining wall program using high strength filter concrete, analyzed and calculated the bottom stability against sliding and overturning, used the finite element to analyze and to calculate the strength and deformation of the retaining wall. This retaining wall can improve the long-term stability of dam body, achieve sustainability, multi-level green, improve the water environment, water purification, protect, recover and improve the original riparian ecosystems, it has a perfect combination of safety, environment, landscape. The self-anchored ecology block retaining wall can produce a good social benefit and ecological benefit. This conclusion is available for future study and design.

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Jiang, Yi, Yu Xia, Xinyue Cheng, and Yuntao Xu. "A Mutual Selection Mechanism of Ride-Hailing Based on Hidden Points." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2020 (July 15, 2020): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/9520384.

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As a new way to travel, ride-hailing has brought great convenience to the public. However, the demand expression ability of passengers in the existing ride-hailing platforms is weak, and the accuracy of the matching results is low, resulting in a large number of transaction losses and the loss of platform revenue. In this paper, we propose a kind of mutual selection mechanism of ride-hailing based on hidden points, which is composed of platform benefit calculation algorithm and driver assignment algorithm. The platform benefit calculation algorithm mainly calculates the benefits obtained by the platform after the order is completed, while the driver allocation algorithm meets the mutual selection needs of passengers and drivers. Through experiments and theoretical analysis, the mutual selection mechanism proposed in this paper has improved user satisfaction by 5%-21% compared to the traditional methods of order-snatching mechanism and order-sending mechanism, which has significantly improved passenger satisfaction and solved the problem that the existing platform cannot meet the passengers’ individual travel needs and the problem that the passengers’ choice is not fair. The issue of platform revenue was discussed in the context of improved passenger satisfaction.

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Dourel, Laurent, Thierry Pasquerault, Emmanuel Gaudry, and Benoît Vincent. "Using Estimated On-Site Ambient Temperature Has Uncertain Benefit When Estimating Postmortem Interval." Psyche: A Journal of Entomology 2010 (2010): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/610639.

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The forensic entomologist uses weather station data as part of the calculation when estimating the postmortem interval (PMI). To reduce the potential inaccuracies of this method caused by the distance between the crime scene and the meteorological station, temperature correlation data from the site of the corpse may be used. This experiment simulated the impact of retrospective weather data correction using linear regression between seven stations and sites in three climatic exposure groups during three different seasons as part of the accumulated degree days calculation for three necrophagous species (Diptera: Calliphoridae). No consistent benefit in the use of correlation or the original data from the meteorological stations was observed. In nine cases out of 12, the data from the weather station network limited the risk of a deviation from reality. The forensic entomologist should be cautious when using this correlation model.

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Kwon, Yongjae, Myungho Park, and Jeongsun Yun. "Risk Margin Calculation for Lapse Risk in Guaranteed Minimum Accumulation Benefit of Variable Annuities-A Market-Consistent Approach." Journal of Derivatives and Quantitative Studies 22, no. 1 (February 28, 2014): 71–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jdqs-01-2014-b0004.

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In 2002, variable annuities were introduced in South Korea and have shown enormous success since then. They are life-insurance products with investment guarantees. Variable annuities allow policyholders to allocate premiums into a wide range of investment vehicles such as stocks, bonds, money market instruments, or some combinations of them. Due to the investment guarantee which is called guaranteed living benefits (GLBs), the benefit is always the greater of (1) the account value of the policyholder investment and (2) the guaranteed amount. Life insurance companies set aside reserves for the guarantees in the general account. Just as the account value depends on the performance of investments, VA lapses also rely on the performance of investments. For example, policyholders will not terminate the contracts when account value is way lower than the guaranteed amount. Considering that lapses determine the total benefit of VAs that a insurance company should pay, calculating risk margin for lapse is a key issue in the VA business. In this study, risk margin for VA lapses is estimated with Wang transform suggested by Wang (2000, 2002).

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Shafiee, Katayoun. "Cost-benefit analysis at the floodgates: Governing democratic futures through the reassembly of Iran’s waterways." Social Studies of Science 50, no. 1 (November 25, 2019): 94–120. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0306312719891564.

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A burgeoning scholarship has taken seriously the use and management of the world’s fresh water as a site of critical investigation, highlighting the contribution of science and technology studies in making the infrastructural life of water visible. However, studies say little about the calculative terms of the decision-making process involved in infrastructural appraisal which are often taken for granted as something inevitable. This article examines the unexpected and remarkable role that cost-benefit analysis played in governing Iran’s democratic future through the assembling of a dam in the mid-20th century. Indeed, cost-benefit analysis traveled the world via flows of water. I investigate the ways in which the calculation of risk generated by the device of cost-benefit analysis of neoclassical economics became over several decades the most influential language for explaining and organizing the relationship between humans and nature in southwest Iran. The waters of the Dez River and other major rivers of the world shaped the building of large-scale infrastructural projects around dams, but they were simultaneously entangled with the production of economic information about the costs and benefits to local areas, making possible the development of new methods of governing democracies in terms of risk. US-based government aid agencies, institutions of global economic governance, private American investors, engineers, and agricultural scientists converged in a small corner of Iran to transform the region, its water, and its farmers into a laboratory of grass-roots democracy for a profit.

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Qi, Zheng, Zhi Rao, Shou Kui Zhang, and Zhi Li. "Asymmetric Fault Current Distribution on OPGW in Overhead Transmission System." Advanced Materials Research 1092-1093 (March 2015): 244–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1092-1093.244.

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This paper discusses a phase component calculation model of current distribution on OPGWs when asymmetric fault occurs. The calculation is based on analysis of electric and magnetic environment and experience of actual engineering projects. Influences of some factors such as the operation mode of OPGW and resistance of power tower are mentioned to find out their influence on fault current distribution. These are applied in an actual engineer project. The calculation method is benefit for the verifying and selecting of OPGW.

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Li, Rui, Yue Li, and Hai Tao Liu. "Economics Reasearch for Photovoltaic Power Generation Project Based on Different Business Model." Applied Mechanics and Materials 291-294 (February 2013): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.291-294.61.

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This paper presents an in-depth economic analysis on Photovoltaic power generation (PV) project. The research is based on nine business and technical proposals which with different investment operational pattern and different distributed generation (DG) integration technology of PV project. An all-life-cycle benefit/cost (B/C) assessment methods was used to assess the feasibility of the project. Through the accurately simulate of an annual PV output and load curves from typical time, received electric power and energy balance calculations and revenue forecast results. And then different operators’ electricity price benefits based on china’s complex tariff mechanism was estimated in this paper, while the initial PV panel investment, operation and maintenance, distribution network investment and losses of PV projects were calculated. Finally, through the PI value come to the best business model. Calculation results show that if power grid enterprise as the PV power producer, and use of virtual power plant technology for DG integration means more investment value than other business mode.

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Mohammed, Olatunji Obalowu, Mohd Wazir Mustafa, and Muhammad Naveed Aman. "A Graph-Theoretic Approach to Capacity Benefit Margin Calculation for Large Multiarea Power Systems." IEEE Systems Journal 14, no. 1 (March 2020): 1230–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jsyst.2019.2910554.

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Schrijver, L. H., M. A. Rookus, T. M. Mooij, A. Pijpe, and F. E. van Leeuwen. "120 BRCA1 Carriers and Oral Contraceptives – Risk-benefit Calculation on Breast and Ovarian Cancer." European Journal of Cancer 48 (March 2012): S75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0959-8049(12)70188-0.

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