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Статті в журналах з теми "Classical Arabic linguists":

1

Al-Azraqi, Munira. "The Ancient Dād in Southwest Saudi Arabia." Arabica 57, no. 1 (2010): 57–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/057053910x12625688929147.

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AbstractAl-dād is a unique sound in Arabic. It is believed that this sound is what makes Arabic a distinguished language. However, its description has confused the linguists for long time. Some modern linguists believe that al-dād described by the ancient linguists is not used in the present time. On the other hand, Arabic speakers may not know that the sound they use for the classical pronunciation of al-dād is not the one described by the ancient Arab linguists. This study records the existence of a sound that has the features of al-dād as described by the ancient Arab linguists. It is used among some speakers in Southwest Saudi Arabia.
2

Ni’mah, Ummi Nurun. "QIYĀS SEBAGAI SEBUAH METODE DALAM NAHWU." Adabiyyāt: Jurnal Bahasa dan Sastra 7, no. 1 (July 31, 2008): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/ajbs.2008.07103.

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Language is an inseparable reality in human culture. It develops as the human civilization does. According to the linguists, classical Arabic has at least five methods of language development. Those are (a) isytiqāq (derivasi), (b) majāz (alegori), (c) naht (abrivasi), (d) ta’rīb (loan) dan (e) qiyās. Qiyas is exclusively analyzed in this research because it is the most common method, which is used widely by the linguists through its al-simā’ stage. This paper finds the fact that qiyas method in Arabic linguistic traditions have evolved into the pre and post al Khalîl bin Ahmad al-Farāhidī period.
3

Arif, Jasim Muna. "Alternation of consonants in the Iraqi "Baghdad" dialect." LAPLAGE EM REVISTA 7, no. 3A (September 10, 2021): 440–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24115/s2446-6220202173a1430p.440-445.

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This article discusses the most beloved and creative dialect of the Arabs - the Iraqi dialect, despite its complexity, but it has a lot of beautiful foreign vocabulary. We followed a descriptive and historical approach, also tracked phonetic changes in this dialect, and then gave phonological explanations for these phenomena, trying to connect most of the phenomena with their historical roots in the standard Arabic "al-Fussha" and in ancient Arabic dialects. Most modern linguists have realized the need to study these dialects, since many of the modern dialect characteristics are only extensions of some ancient Arabic dialects, and do not refer them to the classical language. The study of modern Arabic dialects may be faced with a number of obstacles being in this important area of linguistic investigations, including the feeling that the study of modern dialects is a kind of encouragement and the desire to demonstrate and replace them with Classical Arabic.
4

Aisyah, Devy. "Bahts Naqd 'An al-Jumlah 'Ind al-Nuhat wa Atsaruh Fi al-Ta'lim." Arabiyatuna : Jurnal Bahasa Arab 4, no. 2 (November 17, 2020): 301. http://dx.doi.org/10.29240/jba.v4i2.1802.

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This study aims to critic the concepts of classical and modern Arabic linguists about sentences which they term differently including: number, kalam, tarkib (sentence, phrase). Their differences are inseparable from polemics, especially in providing boundaries and terms used, both in the classical and modern eras. For example the polemic on the use of terminology and the number and meaning of both, whether synonymous or not, which then affects the elements that build it. This study uses a literature study (library research) with content analysis and hermeneutic approaches. This research found that basically the differences in Arabic experts both in the classical and modern eras were not substantive, but rather as editorial debates, technical terminology, and partial.The old grammarian tended to be complicated in providing a definition of sentence compared to contemporary Islamic scholar, it was easier to explain about this sentence.
5

Versteegh, Kees. "The Notion of ‘Underlying Levels’ in the Arabic Grammatical Tradition." Historiographia Linguistica 21, no. 3 (January 1, 1994): 271–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.21.3.02ver.

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Abstract Even ‘naive’ speakers use a distinction between actual, realized speech with its ‘literal’ meaning, and an underlying level of ‘what is actually meant’. Such a distinction is made because speakers instinctively feel that very often actual speech does not represent exactly what the speaker intends to say. In this paper it is claimed that this non-technical distinction lies at the basis of a technical distinction between a surface structure of speech and an underlying level. In the technical stage of Arabic grammar the emphasis shifts from an analysis of the underlying intention of the speaker towards an explanation of the syntactic form of actual speech, which is mapped onto an underlying representation. Both in the Classical Greek and the Arabic/Islamic tradition we find a development from an early stage of exegetical activity, in which the intention of the speaker or the text is elaborated by positing an underlying level of semantic representation, towards a technical distinction between a surface level and an underlying level. The difference between the two traditions lies in the fact that Greek linguistics was more semantically oriented, whereas in Arabic grammar the main tool of the grammarians, the taqdîr, was basically an instrument to explain the syntactic structure of speech, in line with the predominantly formal approach of the Arabic grammarians. Compared with modern linguistic theory, both traditions have in common that they do not look for an underlying level of meaning that is universal to all languages. The main reason for this difference is that neither Greek nor Arabic linguists were interested in the study of other languages.
6

Mardiah, Zaqiatul, Afdol Tharik Wastono та Abdul Muta’ali. "A COGNITIVE PERSPECTIVE ON THE ARABIC SPATIAL NOUN/ فَوْقَ /FAWQA/ APPLYING THE PRINCIPLE POLYSEMY MODEL". Paradigma: Jurnal Kajian Budaya 9, № 2 (28 серпня 2019): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.17510/paradigma.v9i2.286.

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<p class="TeksAbstrak">The present paper provides a cognitive linguistics (CL) framework for analyzing the semantic structure of Arabic spatial noun <em>fawqa</em> based on <em>Principled Polysemy Model </em>(PPM) of Tyler and Evans (2003). PPM approach can broaden the narrow view of classical cognitive linguists regarding the semantic variation in the concept of physical-geometry of a preposition. As a polysemous lexeme,<em> fawqa</em> used by Arabian native to express a broad range of meanings, not only spatial relation but also non-spatial relation. The substantial sense of the lexeme is investigated using a large amount of corpus data (<em>corpus.kacst.edu.sa</em>) and applying the five steps of PPM approach. Through this approach, we ascertain that every single usage of <em>fawqa </em>expressing extended senses is always in its semantic network. Our study reveals that the usages of this lexeme in many situations and many cases show non-up down spatial relation, and non-physical relation, but they essentially refer to the primary sense.</p>
7

Atabik, Ahmad. "Al-Naẓm Stylistic Discourse in I’jāz al-Qur’ān Based on Al-Jurjānī’s Perspective: Analysis of Arabic Literature Criticism on the Qur'an Studies". Ulumuna 25, № 1 (30 червня 2021): 57–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.20414/ujis.v25i1.425.

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This article discusses Arabic literature criticism during the classical period represented in al-Jurjāni’s naẓm (poetic) theory. It aims to analyze al-Jurjānī's thoughts in the field of balāgha (Arabic rhetoric) in revealing the miracles of the Qur'an in terms of its language beauty. Al-Jurjānī argues that one of the miraculous aspects of the Qur'an is concerned with its naẓm. Although the theory of naẓm had been previously proposed by Arabic literary scholars, such as al-Jāhiẓ, al-Baqillānī and al-Rummānī, al-Jurjānī, however, elaborated and developed the theory naẓm in great details. His theory contributes to the development of the meaning of balāgha and introduces it to public audience amongst scholars of the Qur’an. Al-Jurjānī concludes that naẓm is determined by the meaning of the Qur'anic verses as well as the structure in the discipline of naḥwu (grammar). The naḥwu and naẓm theory work together to generate meaning of the spoken sentence. Al-Jurjānī’s concept of naẓm supersedes later experts' and even modern Western linguists' discoveries and knowledge in the field of Arabic literary criticism.
8

Al-Matham, Rawan N., and Hend S. Al-Khalifa. "SynoExtractor: A Novel Pipeline for Arabic Synonym Extraction Using Word2Vec Word Embeddings." Complexity 2021 (February 16, 2021): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6627434.

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Automatic synonym extraction plays an important role in many natural language processing systems, such as those involving information retrieval and question answering. Recently, research has focused on extracting semantic relations from word embeddings since they capture relatedness and similarity between words. However, using word embeddings alone poses problems for synonym extraction because it cannot determine whether the relation between words is synonymy or some other semantic relation. In this paper, we present a novel solution for this problem by proposing the SynoExtractor pipeline, which can be used to filter similar word embeddings to retain synonyms based on specified linguistic rules. Our experiments were conducted using KSUCCA and Gigaword embeddings and trained with CBOW and SG models. We evaluated automatically extracted synonyms by comparing them with Alma’any Arabic synonym thesauri. We also arranged for a manual evaluation by two Arabic linguists. The results of experiments we conducted show that using the SynoExtractor pipeline enhances the precision of synonym extraction compared to using the cosine similarity measure alone. SynoExtractor obtained a 0.605 mean average precision (MAP) for the King Saud University Corpus of Classical Arabic with 21% improvement over the baseline and a 0.748 MAP for the Gigaword corpus with 25% improvement. SynoExtractor outperformed the Sketch Engine thesaurus for synonym extraction by 32% in terms of MAP. Our work shows promising results for synonym extraction suggesting that our method can also be used with other languages.
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Mohamed, Entesar Alsir Abu-ALgasim. "Semantic Problems of the Usage of Archaic Morphological Features: Surat Al-Humza (Traducer) as a Model." International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 4, no. 2 (February 27, 2021): 138–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2021.4.2.17.

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This study presents a comparative analysis of the translation of the holy Qur'anic verses by Pickthall and Yusuf Ali from one hand, and the translation of Sahih International from the other. By tracing the first translation style, it had been found that they tend to use archaism or old words to a large extent as they trying to make their translation sound like 'scripture' to an English- speaking audience, and this results in loss of meaning pose semantic difficulty in translating the Holy verses. Abdalati M. Ali in his paper (Lexical and Semantic Problems in Translating Quran) proves that Pickthall and Yusuf Ali tend to use archaism in their translation, as he puts that ‘'the translations of Pickthall and Ali appear to be written in an archaic form of English''. In contrast to the first style the Sahih International translation aims to provide a literal rendering of the Arabic of the Qur’an into “plain” English. It has become popular as a more contemporary translation, but focuses more on providing a literal meaning of the Arabic than on providing smooth English. This makes it a useful resource for students who are seeking to learn the literal meaning of the Arabic of the Qur’an. Being a text at the highest degree of eloquence, the Qur’ān, as a whole, poses a serious challenge for translators and linguists alike. The challenging areas within the Qur'anic text are indeed too numerous to count. This paper investigates one of the major problem areas when translating the Qur’ān, namely, archaic words. This linguistic feature is intrinsic to the Qur'anic text and, in turn, has an impact on its translation leading to ambiguity. In this regards the rendition of qur'anic verses is considered as a difficult mission, this is due to Quran is written in a highly symbolic and classical form of the Arabic language, therefore, rendering it requires a deep knowledge and grasping of its meanings in addition to that translators should be able to reflect those meanings into the target language. Based on the mentioned facts usage of archaic and old words will constitute obstacle because it increases the complexities of target text, thus, it will distort the implicit meaning, and confuse target readers. Analytical descriptive method of data collection has been followed which comprises tools, samples, procedures.
10

Owens, Jonathan. "Pre-diaspora Arabic." Diachronica 22, no. 2 (December 7, 2005): 271–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/dia.22.2.03owe.

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Arabic dialects, the native spoken Arabic of about 250 million people, are spread over an immense, contiguous geographical area from Iran to Lake Chad, from Morocco to Yemen. Corresponding to this geographical spread is considerable linguistic diversity. An explanation for this diversity has proved elusive. The existence of variants found either in the modern dialects or in the Classical literature (or both), which are not self-evidently derivable from a normalized Classical Arabic (largely standardized by the ninth century), argues for a more diverse set of inputs into the Arabic which spread outwards from the Arabian Peninsula beginning in the seventh century. I elucidate this problem by comparing four varieties of Arabic located in widely separated areas and settled at different times. To account for the internal diversity of the areas compared, a dataset is established with 49 phonological and morphological features, which, using simple statistical procedures, permits a normalized comparison of the varieties. From this set of variables, two specific linguistic features are discussed in detail and reconstructions proposed, which place their origins in a pre-diaspora variety. I conclude that the Arabic which preceded the Arabic diaspora of the seventh century was considerably more diverse than interpretations of the history of Arabic traditionally allow for. Additional information and data: http://german.lss.wisc.edu/Diachronica/Owens/pdfs.htm

Дисертації з теми "Classical Arabic linguists":

1

Mutawali, Male Farouk Ali. "An examination of the correspondence between sound and meaning in certain chapters of the holy Qur'an." University of the Western Cape, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8439.

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Philosophiae Doctor - PhD
The study of sound symbolism, phonetics and semantics has been of major concern for linguists since the Greeks and the Romans in the fifth century before AD. The idea of sound symbolism - the existence of correspondence between the sound of letters (or linguists, such as Ibn Jinni (942-1002 AD), and modern Arabic linguists, including al- Badráwi (1999), and Na'aim Alwia (1984), have attempted to elucidate this phenomenon, providing detailed description and some examples from Arabic and the Holy Qur'an. Modern Western linguists such as Magnus (1999) have discussed the correspondence between the sounds of letters and the sense in Western languages. Jespersen (1962) and Badráwi (1999) have recommended that this phenomenon needs further detailed study and have indicated the need of more examples to be used as reference theory. Using Ibn Jinni's model, this study is an attempt to build on the theory of the correspondence between sound and meaning using the Holy Qur'an as an example. While Jinni's focus was on the correspondence of sound and meaning at the word level, this study will focus on the individual sound segments within the word, and the effect of the word within the Surat. The argument is that it is the individual distinctive features of each phoneme in a word that give the word its distinctive sound quality, and also has have an impact on the meaning of the word. Any correspondence between sound and meaning in a word should therefore be assigned to a particular significant distinctive feature. Given that the focus on the presumed direct relationship between sound and meaning, recourse will be made to the principal of onomatopoeia. Therefore, the objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between the distinctive features of the sounds that form Arabic words and the meaning of such words as used in the Holy Qur'an. In particular, the study will analyze the distinctive features, such as a sound being a consonant or a vowel, voicing, manner and place of articulation, airstream mechanism, among others (singly or combined) of the sounds in Arabic words, and relate this to the meaning of the words. This phenomenon will be investigated using descriptive methods and the Holy Qur' an as the object of study.
2

Eterji, Sami Mohammed Ghalib. "Improvements in the contents and arrangement of monolingual classical Arabic dictionaries within a linguistic framework." Thesis, Bangor University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296180.

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3

Safa, F. I. R. "Syntactic agreement in standard classical arabic : a study in the light of a new look at the linguistic sources material and modern approaches." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356242.

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4

Stroumsa, Rachel. "People and Identities in Nessana." Diss., 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10161/619.

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Книги з теми "Classical Arabic linguists":

1

ʻAbd al-Munʻim Muḥammad al-Ḥasan Kārūrī. The inflectional morphology of verb in classical Arabic: A formalized application of the WP linguistic model. Khartoum: Khartoum University Press, 1996.

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2

Holes, Clive, ed. Arabic Historical Dialectology. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198701378.001.0001.

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This book, by a group of leading international scholars, outlines the history of the spoken dialects of Arabic from the Arab conquests of the seventh century up to the present day. It specifically investigates the evolution of Arabic as a spoken language, in contrast to the many existing studies that focus on written Classical or Modern Standard Arabic. The volume begins with a discursive introduction that deals with important issues in the general scholarly context, including the indigenous myth and probable reality of the history of Arabic; Arabic dialect geography and typology; types of internally and externally motivated linguistic change; social indexicalization; and pidginization and creolization in Arabic-speaking communities. Most chapters then focus on developments in a specific region—Mauritania, the Maghreb, Egypt, the Levant, the Northern Fertile Crescent, the Gulf, and South Arabia—with one exploring Judaeo-Arabic, a group of varieties historically spread over a wider area. The remaining two chapters in the volume examine individual linguistic features of particular historical interest and controversy, specifically the origin and evolution of the b- verbal prefix, and the adnominal linker –an/–in. The volume will be of interest to scholars and students of the linguistic and social history of Arabic as well as to comparative linguists interested in topics such as linguistic typology and language change.
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Khan, Geoffrey. Judaeo-Arabic and Judaeo-Persian. Edited by Martin Goodman. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199280322.013.0024.

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The term ‘Judaeo-Arabic’ refers to a type of Arabic that was used by Jews and was distinct in some way from other types of Arabic. The Arabic language was used by Jews in Arabia before the rise of Islam. From the point of view of linguistic form, the following characteristic features of written Judaeo-Arabic can be identified: it is written in Hebrew script; it exhibits deviations from Classical Arabic; and it contains Hebrew and Aramaic elements. ‘Judaeo-Persian’ refers to Persian used by Jews. Like Judaeo-Arabic, Judaeo-Persian is not a uniform linguistic entity. The term is used to refer to both a written and a spoken form of language. The geographical area in which it was used extended beyond the boundaries of Iran and included Afghanistan, part of the Caucasus, and much of Central Asia. Judaeo-Persian in its written form is represented in Hebrew script.
4

Suleiman, Yasir. Arabic Folk Linguistics. Edited by Jonathan Owens. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764136.013.0011.

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This article addresses some long-standing issues in Arabic sociolinguistics. The starting point is the concept of diglossia, which has become the port of entry for any discussion of the semiliquid language situation in the Arabic-speaking world. It first outlines the most abiding criticisms against diglossia and then offers thoughts on these as a prelude to discussing Arabic folk linguistics. It is argued that a folk linguistic perspective should be incorporated in studying Arabic in the social world. This perspective is important in developing an insider understanding of the language that may be at odds with the findings of modern linguistics. To aid the process of developing this perspective, the article adopts the terminology and conceptual frameworks Arabic speakers use in describing their language situation wherever possible—hence, the choice of fusha and ‘ammiyya instead of any of their translations into English, including Classical Arabic and vernacular, which Haeri uses.
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Kinberg. Studies in the Linguistic Structure of Classical Arabic. Edited by Kinberg and Versteegh. BRILL, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/9789047400486.

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Kinberg, L., K. Versteegh, and N. Kinberg. Studies in the Linguistic Structure of Classical Arabic. BRILL, 2001.

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7

Versteegh, C. H. M., and Naphtali Kinberg. Studies in the Linguistic Structure of Classical Arabic (Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics). Brill Academic Publishers, 2000.

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Sara, Solomon. The Classical Arabic Lexicographical Tradition. Edited by Jonathan Owens. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764136.013.0023.

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This article discusses three basic paradigmatic models that Arabic lexicographers adopted over time: (I) al-Khaliil’s model in Kitaab al-ʕayn; (II) al-Jawharii’s model in alhaah; and (III) al-Bustaanii’s model in Kitaab muħiiṭ al-muħiiṭ. Though the three approaches are procedurally opposed, all account for the lexical data of Arabic, offer justifiable procedures of how to account for the complexity of the data, and are maximally different from each other. The article presents a biographical sketch of these selected lexicographers, followed by a discussion of the design and composition of their dictionaries and where they fit in the historical flow of Arabic linguistic activity of their time.
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Bateson, Mary Catherine. Arabic Language Handbook (Georgetown Classics in Arabic Language and Linguistics). Georgetown University Press, 2003.

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A Dictionary of Iraqi Arabic: English, Arabic/Arabic, English (Georgetown Classics in Arabic Language and Linguistics). Georgetown University Press, 2003.

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Частини книг з теми "Classical Arabic linguists":

1

Belnap, R. Kirk, and John Gee. "Classical Arabic in contact." In Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics, 121. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.115.11bel.

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Atwell, Eric Steven. "Classical and modern Arabic corpora." In Studies in Corpus Linguistics, 65–91. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/scl.85.04atw.

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Kamel, Salwa A. "The Textual Component in Classical Arabic." In Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics, 103–30. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.266.08kam.

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Stepanov, Arthur. "Case Properties of Nominalization DPs in Classical Arabic." In Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics, 69. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.153.06ste.

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Majdi, Basim. "Word order and proper government in classical Arabic." In Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics, 127. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.63.08maj.

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Abd-Rabbo, Mohamad Z. "Sound plural and broken plural assignment in classical Arabic." In Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics, 55. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.63.06abd.

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Belnap, R. Kirk, and Osama Shabaneh. "Variable agreement with nonhuman controllers in classical and modern standard Arabic." In Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics, 245. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.85.15bel.

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Walkow, Martin. "Cyclic AGREE derives restrictions on cliticization in classical Arabic." In Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics XXVI, 135–60. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sal.2.09wal.

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Walkow, Martin. "Syntactic parallels between verbal and nominal φ-morphology in Classical Arabic." In Perspectives on Arabic Linguistics XXX, 133–56. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sal.7.08wal.

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Guerssel, M. Masten. "The metathesis effect in Classical Arabic and the representation of geminates." In Current Issues in Linguistic Theory, 215–40. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/cilt.241.12gue.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Classical Arabic linguists":

1

Nakae, Kazuhiko. "Standardization in Multiglossic Arabic 〜 from Classical based to Colloquial based approach 〜." In 2nd Annual International Conference on Language, Literature and Linguistics (L3 2013). Global Science and Technology Forum Pte Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-3566_l313.114.

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Abdullah, Md Abu Shahid. "“Indeed, the King has a Cunt! What a Wonder!”: Sex, Eroticism and Language in One Thousand and One Nights." In GLOCAL Conference on Asian Linguistic Anthropology 2019. The GLOCAL Unit, SOAS University of London, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47298/cala2019.1-1.

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Анотація:
One Thousand and One Nights, which can be traced back to as early as the 9th century, is probably the greatest introduction to Arabic culture through literature. This colossal and diverse book has drawn the attention of scholars, researchers and students to classic Arabic literature as well as influenced many prominent authors and filmmakers. It is not just a book of careless and unconnected stories but rather a piece of esteemed literature which has been read and analysed in many countries all over the world. However, it is also true that this book has been criticised for its sexual promiscuity and degraded portrayal of women. The aim of the presentation is to prove that underneath the clumsy and seemingly funny structures of One Thousand and One Nights, there is a description of overflowing sexuality. Through the sexualised or erotic description of female bodies, the book gives agency to women but at the same time depicts them derogatively, and thus fulfils the naked desire of the then patriarchal society. The presentation will highlight how sexual promiscuity or fathomless female sexual craving is portrayed through figurative and grammatical language, which objectifies the female characters but at the same time enables them to be playful with the male characters, and thus motivates them to become more powerful than the males. Finally. the presentation will focus on language or narrative as an act of survival from the perspectives of the female characters, which is most evident in the case of Scheherazade who saved not only her life but also lives of countless maidens by her mesmerizing storytelling talent.

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