Книги з теми "Connecting shaft"
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1
Ramsey, Jo. Reality shift: Connection. Grimes, IA: Jupiter Gardens Press, 2010.
2
McLean, David I. Noncontact lap splices in bridge column-shaft connections. [Olympia]: Washington State Dept. of Transportation, 1997.
3
Milianowicz, S. A. Redshift connection: Concerning the gravitational interaction of mass with electromagnetic radiation. Trafford, PA: Arysutt AMS, 1995.
4
Cinquegrani, Alessandro, Francesca Pangallo, and Federico Rigamonti. Romance e Shoah Pratiche di narrazione sulla tragedia indicibile. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-492-9.
Анотація:
Over the last 70 years, Holocaust representations increased significantly as cultural objects distributed on a large scale: fictional books, museum sites, artworks, documentaries, and films are only a few samples of those echoes the Holocaust produced in contemporary Western culture. There are some specific patterns in the way the Holocaust has been represented that, however, contrast with the survivors’ account of the same event: for example, the dichotomy between bad and good characters so essential within Holocaust-based media – especially on television and film - does not really match with the testimony’s experience. While storytelling strategies may help to involve the public by emotionally engaging with the story, the risks of altering the real meaning of the Holocaust are quite high: what we often label as a “story” is actually been an outrageous, documented mass-genocide. Furthermore, as the age gap between the present and the past generation progresses, also the collective awareness of Nazi crimes as a real fact gets compromised. This volume explores selected Holocaust narrations by contextualizing the historical, literary, and social influences those texts had in their unique points of view. Starting with some recent examples of Holocaust exploitation through social media, the first chapter explores the paradigm shift when the Holocaust became a cultural, fictional trend rather than a historical massacre. In the second chapter, the analysis examines postmodern representations of Holocaust and Nazi semantics through relevant examples taken from both American and European literature. The third chapter analyses Europe Central by William T. Vollman, as all the narratological and cultural issues considered in the previous two chapters are well outlined in this articulated novel, where the relationship between reality and its representation after the postmodernist period is largely investigated. In chapter four, an account is given of the connections and differences between the narratological category romance, as understood by Northrop Frye, and Holocaust narration features. In chapter five, those elements are used to consider the work of Italian Holocaust survivor and Jewish writer Primo Levi, as his narration around Auschwitz adopts some fictional tools and still refuses undemanding storytelling mechanisms. The sixth and final chapter examines the relevant novel Les Benviellants by Jonathan Littell, considering its Nazi genocide account through the antagonist’s perspective.
5
Doering, James M. The War Years and a Shift to a New Era. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037412.003.0009.
Анотація:
This chapter demonstrates how Judson's management empire began to plateau in the 1940s. The Depression had rattled music's funding structures. Technology had spawned greater competition for live musical experiences. Jazz had supplanted classical music on the pages of many newspapers and trade magazines. But particularly relevant for Judson was an emerging concern about the connection between music and big business. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) first raised this issue in 1938, when it launched an investigation into the chain-broadcasting practices of the NBC, CBS, and mutual radio networks. The commission also became concerned about the possibility of monopolistic behavior, specifically in the practice of networks representing artists and also buying artists for their radio programs.
6
T, Stocke John, Penton Steve, and United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Intergalactic hydrogen clouds at low redshift: Connections to voids and dwarf galaxies. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1996.
7
Wójcik, Dariusz. The Global Financial Networks. Edited by Gordon L. Clark, Maryann P. Feldman, Meric S. Gertler, and Dariusz Wójcik. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198755609.013.27.
Анотація:
The chapter outlines the concept of the global financial networks, defined as networks of the financial and business services firms, and their activities linking financial centres, offshore jurisdictions, and the rest of the world. It is a concept that helps to map finance, place it on the map of the world economy, and analyse the latter in a dynamic framework accounting for the forces of globalization and financialization. At the core of the global financial networks lies the global network of securities centres, focused on the creation, distribution, and circulation of securities, which contributed to the recent global financial crisis. Major trends reshaping the global financial networks include the rise of regulation and public finance, technologies connecting investors, borrowers and lenders with each other, and a potential geo-financial shift towards Asia.
8
Mauldin, Erin Stewart. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190865177.003.0001.
Анотація:
The American Civil War marked a watershed moment in the history of southern agriculture. Throughout the antebellum period, the Cotton Kingdom’s geographic boundaries remained relatively limited. After the war, however, the diversity of the antebellum agricultural landscape disappeared. Landowners, yeomen, and recently freed slaves in all areas of the South invested heavily in cotton cultivation, often accruing enormous debts to do so. But why did postwar southern farmers rely on continuous cotton cultivation? What caused such a fundamental shift in attitudes toward self-sufficiency in farming areas known for their relative crop diversity? Why did poor whites and emancipated blacks grow cotton at the expense of everything else despite shrinking financial incentives? The introduction surveys the way this book answers those questions: by connecting postwar agricultural shifts to the ecological legacies of the Civil War and emancipation.
9
Pak, G. Sujin. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190866921.003.0001.
Анотація:
This introduction surveys views of the prophet and prophecy from patristic and early medieval teachings to the eve of the Protestant reformations. Christian leaders across the church’s history simultaneously affirmed understandings of prophecy as foretelling and prophecy as interpretation of Scripture, with a growing emphasis on the latter and a continued emphasis on the role of revelation in both forms. Whereas Augustine’s teachings concerning prophecy tended to restrain apocalyptic expectation, the teachings of Joachim of Fiore introduced a radical shift in connecting biblical prophecy directly with human history. Consequently, on the eve of the Protestant reformations, late medieval conceptions of prophecy paved the way for increasing expectation of a figure who would usher in a new age. All the while early-modern Catholic leaders continued to affirm the ongoing contemporary function of prophecy, even as they sought to constrain such apocalyptic fervor.
10
Arras, John D., James Childress, and Matthew Adams. Nice Story, but So What? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190665982.003.0004.
Анотація:
This chapter explores the recent shift that has occurred in bioethics away from the pursuit of objectivity or truth. Instead, the emphasis has increasingly been on narrative ethics, an approach that argues for a view of ethics as being primarily local and contingent. The chapter begins by outlining the central features of narrative ethics, explaining both the conception of narrative as the grounds for moral principles and the connections between narrative ethics and postmodernism. The chapter then outlines some problems that arise for the method of narrative ethics, such as the threat of subjectivism and the dangers of fetishizing “little narratives” at the expense of broader social understanding and critique.
11
Kenny, Paul D. Broker Autonomy and the End of Indian National Congress Party Dominance. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198807872.003.0005.
Анотація:
This chapter examines how India’s patronage-based system became unstable, connecting the increase in broker autonomy that followed Nehru’s death in 1964 to a shift in partisan control away from the Congress at the subnational level. The increase in broker autonomy following Nehru’s death was subtle but highly significant. With the separation of the dual government and party authority that had allowed Nehru to arbitrate between competing factions at the state level, Congress factions could compete more openly and prosper as distinct parties, resulting in the fragmentation of the patronage network between center and periphery. This left the Congress party in control at the center but in opposition in several of India’s most populous states. The chapter argues that the crisis of the Congress system was driven by the de facto removal of central control over the subnational units of the party that followed Nehru’s death rather than economic decline.
12
Harris, Andrea. Edwin Denby’s Objectivist Modernism and the New York School. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199342235.003.0006.
Анотація:
Whereas chapter 2 examines the emergence of a social modernist theory of ballet in the 1930s, chapter 3 illustrates a new ballet modernism arising in the 1940s through the contributions of Edwin Denby. Denby’s primary innovation to American ballet theory was to reassign dance meaning from social or political themes to the intrinsic properties of the movement itself. This chapter takes a biographical approach to Denby’s criticism to situate this theoretical shift in ballet within the interdisciplinary New York School, in which he was extensively involved, and in which similar challenges to the relation of art and politics were being made by painters, photographers, and composers. This chapter demonstrates that Denby was the architect of a new objectivist theory of dance, which relocates the emergence of objectivism to a much earlier point in dance history, and in a different genre, than previously acknowledged. More than any other critic, Denby was responsible for connecting this objectivist theory of dance to Balanchine’s American neoclassicism, formulating the set of aesthetic principles that still shapes our idea of American ballet to date.
13
Cappelen, Herman. Externalist Conceptual Engineering. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198814719.003.0006.
Анотація:
This chapter continues to consider some foundational semantic issues important for the author’s theory, and for conceptual engineering in general. It argues that conceptual engineering is not—despite the nomenclature—concerned with concepts, but rather with the intensions and extensions of words. It introduces externalism about meaning, which is a key component of the Austerity Framework, and draws connections between meaning change and externalist discussions of reference shift. It responds to the objection that externalism makes changing meaning either impossible or extremely difficult by denying the first—it’s built into externalism that meaning change is possible—and frankly accepting the latter. It then argues that not only semantic values but also metasemantics can change over time, draws out some consequences, and discusses expressions that do not have intensions or extensions.
14
Heine, Steven. Transitions. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190637491.003.0002.
Анотація:
Chapter 2 examines political factors and social influences that contributed to the construction of the Legend of Living Buddhas, a benchmark for the institutional and artistic shift from Chinese Chan to Japanese Zen. It aims to answer the question of how the Zen monastic institution managed to gain a wide following of religious leaders and their disciples as well as lay followers, especially Song-dynasty literati, after struggling for centuries to grow in China beginning with the historical background of the Tang dynasty. Stressing the commercial network of maritime routes linking China and Japan, along with cultural as well as commercial connections that inspired monks to make the daring trip across the waters, the chapter shows how transnational relationships formed between creative priests from both countries, particularly in regard to the mythology of Living Buddhas.
15
Yukich, Grace. Religion, Race, and Immigration in Contemporary America. Edited by Paul Harvey and Kathryn Gin Lum. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190221171.013.3.
Анотація:
Due in part to immigration, religion in contemporary America is more religiously and racially diverse than ever before. Much of this diversity remains hidden, since many American congregations remain racially and ethnically segregated. Multiracial congregations are becoming more common, but they often adopt the beliefs and practices of majority-white religious traditions and embrace narratives of color-blindness while leaving structural racism unchallenged. Transnational religious connections forged through immigration have the potential to shift America’s historical religio-racial patterns. Ongoing encounters with religio-racial “others” from abroad can transform individual and collective religious identities, beliefs, and practices in profound ways. As immigration to the United States continues in the coming years, scholars should pay attention to how religion, race, and immigration intersect, including how color-blind theologies may block the potential of immigration to dismantle entrenched racial and ethnic divides in American religion.
16
d'Hubert, Thibaut. New Beginnings. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190860332.003.0004.
Анотація:
Chapter 3 looks at Ālāol’s early literary career and the evolution of his concerns and style during a period that stretches over ten years, between 1651 and 1661. It is the occasion to highlight connections between themes treated in his poems and contemporary events that marked the end of the Golden Age of Arakan. To keep track of his aesthetic and poetic choices, I translate and analyze short lyric poems inserted in his otherwise narrative texts. This allows us to follow the themes and stylistic features that characterize each period of his literary career to offer both textual and contextual motivations to interpret the orientation of his oeuvre. The overarching argument that ties together Chapters 3 and 4 lies in the shift from lyricism and cultural polyphony to didacticism and the exclusive recourse to Persian literary models.
17
Mukherjee, Joia S. Reversing the Tide. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190662455.003.0002.
Анотація:
This chapter focuses on the emergence of the AIDS pandemic. It covers the emergence of symptoms associated with HIV, the discovery of the virus, and the understanding of its transmission. It emphasizes the importance of AIDS activists in acceleration of the development of drugs that changed the disease from a terminal to chronic disease. AIDS activists throughout the world then worked together to fight for equitable distribution of AIDS treatment. The movement drew an explicit connection between the AIDS pandemic and the right to health and succeeded in garnering novel funding for global health delivery. AIDS changed many things in global health, from patient-led activism to drug discovery to the long-term provision of care. In this book, the global health era is defined as the period after 2000, when AIDS activism helped shift the health paradigm in impoverished countries from prevention only to the delivery of health care.
18
Weiss‐Wendt, Anton. The State and Genocide. Edited by Donald Bloxham and A. Dirk Moses. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199232116.013.0005.
Анотація:
This article explores the connection between the state and genocide. It argues that no form of mass violence, and least of all genocide, erupts spontaneously. It requires premeditation, usually by a government with a record of gross human rights violations. Indeed, the discussion contends that genocide is intricately linked to the idea of the modern state, despite a body of scholarship that questions that link. Non-state agents such as radical political parties or armed militias are usually incorporated into the governing structure and therefore rarely perform on their own. The state may deliberately use them as proxies to obscure the decision-making process and thus to shift responsibility for the crimes committed. Even though the ruling body may not always emphasize state interests in genocide, the painstaking reconstruction of the chain of command, where possible, inevitably points to the upper echelons of power as the original source of mass violence.
19
Abbott, Helen. Baudelaire’s Musical Contexts. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794691.003.0001.
Анотація:
This chapter interrogates the ‘musical’ aspects of Baudelaire’s poetry, including the music that inspired Baudelaire, the technical properties of his poetic texts which might be considered music-like, and the different music genres within which his poems have been set. It sets out a typology of song, examining how categorizations shift, particularly around the perceived boundaries between popular and classical music (such as chanson or mélodie). It addresses how the language we use to describe poetry’s relationship with music relies on extensive interart analogies, and explores whether recent developments in cognitive neuroscience can enhance our understanding of the connections between words and music through the model of shared resources. The chapter closes by proposing that scrutinizing the role of listeners’ imaginative capabilities in response to musical settings of poetry affords us a fresh way to understand how and why we use shared language to talk about both poetry and music.
20
Gordon, Colette. Open and Closed. Edited by James C. Bulman. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199687169.013.12.
Анотація:
The force of ‘Shakespeare’ as a source of cultural authority in South Africa has been extensively discussed. This chapter looks at a phenomenon that is less often acknowledged: the persistence of directorial power in post-apartheid Shakespearean performance. Renewed ties with British theatre after apartheid brought actors and directors trained in a more actor-centred approach into dialogue with local theatre practitioners, but this did little to shift South African Shakespeare away from dependence on spectacle and on directors as inheritors of institutional power. Focusing on South African performances in 2011 and 2012 across the different institutional spaces in which Shakespeare is made to work (theatres, schools, and prisons), in productions that promise to create democratic, liberating, ‘open’ Shakespeare, one finds both defiance and a striking restatement of the status quo. While connections with British theatre give authority and legitimacy to post-apartheid performances, the potential for ‘open Shakespeare’ has been squelched.
21
George, Robert Saint. Material Culture in Folklife Studies. Edited by Dan Hicks and Mary C. Beaudry. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199218714.013.0004.
Анотація:
The essence of this article is material culture in folklife studies. The meaning of ‘material culture’ seems clear. According to archaeologist James Deetz, it included that sector of our physical environment that we modify through culturally determined behavior. Material culture reveals human intrusion into the environment. It is the way we imagine', he continues, ‘a distinction between nature and culture, and then rebuild nature to our desire, shaping, reshaping, and arranging things during life’. This article argues that the anthropological study of folklife has had a long series of connections with, and influences upon, the investigation of material culture. Folklife has brought to the analysis of landscapes, archaeology, and vernacular objects an integrative methodology. This article discusses the key features of the folklife studies movement, including the ways it differed from ‘folklore’. The Pennsylvania folklife society is given much emphasis. The gradual shift from folklore to folklorism is explained in details followed by poetics of commodities.
22
Wetzel, James. Augustine. Edited by John Corrigan. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195170214.003.0020.
Анотація:
The dazzling display of emotional intelligence that gives the Confessions, Augustine's most famous work, its resonance for students of the inner life is evident, albeit in more muted hues, in nearly everything that he wrote: sermons, letters, scriptural commentaries, polemical and apologetic works, and theological meditations. This essay examines Augustine's theology of the emotions. First, it takes a closer look at Stoicism in City of God and Augustine's eventual rejection of its theory and practice of emotion. Augustine's rejection of Stoicism is importantly symptomatic of a shift in his notion of will, from a facility for consent to a focus of internal conflict and incoherence. This essay also discusses the connection between sin and self-undoing by entering into Augustine's fascination with a first or original will to sin. The primary resources used are his psychological analysis in City of God of the Adam and Eve of Genesis and his parallel analysis of himself in Confessions, where he describes a fall of his own.
23
Nelson, Margaret C., and Patricia A. Gilman. Mimbres Archaeology. Edited by Barbara Mills and Severin Fowles. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199978427.013.14.
Анотація:
The Mimbres cultural tradition once dominated southwestern New Mexico and adjacent areas, and is best known for intricate and beautiful pottery with black designs painted on a white background. The apex of population and tradition—1000–1130 ce—is labeled the Mimbres Classic period. Several major changes distinguish this period from earlier Pithouse periods, including the appearance of the first pueblos in the southern Southwest, increased population, change from enclosed to open ritual spaces, elaboration of black-on-white pottery, and a shift in pan-regional connections from west with the people of the Hohokam region to south into Mesoamerica. This chapter describes these trends and their implications. It then explores three research themes that have contributed to this cultural tradition and to broader understandings of society, ecology, and worldview: human-environment interactions; organizational variation of large pueblos, room layouts, ritual practices, and ceramic production; and the representational and geometric black-on-white pottery.
24
Boudou, Alain, and Yves Romain. On Product Measures Associated with Stationary Processes. Edited by Frédéric Ferraty and Yves Romain. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199568444.013.15.
Анотація:
This article considers the connections between product measures and stationary processes. It first provides an overview of historical facts and relevant terminology, basic concepts and the mathematical approach. In particular, it discusses random measures, the projection-valued spectral measure (PVSM), convolution products, and the association between shift operators and PVSMs. It then presents the main results and their first potential applications, focusing on stochastic integrals, the image of a random measure under measurable mapping, the existence of a transport-type theorem, and the transpose of a continuous homomorphism between groups. It also describes the PVSM associated with a unitary operator, the convolution product of two PVSMs, the unitary operators generated by a PVSM, extension of the convolution product of two PVSMs, an equation where the unknown quantity is a PVSM, and the convolution product of two random measures. The article concludes with an analysis of mathematical developments related to the previous results.
25
Barry, John. Citizenship and (Un)Sustainability. Edited by Stephen M. Gardiner and Allen Thompson. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199941339.013.30.
Анотація:
This chapter explores some of the connections (causal and other) between the decline in active citizenship, the displacement of citizenship by consumer identities and interests, and the shift to a transactional mode of democratic politics and how and in what ways these are connected with “actually existing unsustainability.” It proposes an account of “green republican citizenship” as an appropriate theory and practice of establishing a link between the practices of democracy and the processes of democratization in the transition from unsustainability. The chapter begins from the (not uncontroversial) position that debt-based consumer capitalism (and especially its more recent neoliberal incarnation) is incompatible with a version of democratic politics and associated norms and practices of green citizenship required for a transition from unsustainable development. It outlines an explicitly “green republican” conception of citizenship as an appropriate way to integrate democratic citizenship and creation of a more sustainable political and socio-ecological order.
26
van, José. Urban Transport. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190889760.003.0005.
Анотація:
Platformization affects the entire urban transport sector, effectively blurring the division between private and public transport modalities; existing public–private arrangements have started to shift as a result. This chapter analyzes and discusses the emergence of a platform ecology for urban transport, focusing on two central public values: the quality of urban transport and the organization of labor and workers’ rights. Using the prism of platform mechanisms, it analyzes how the sector of urban transport is changing societal organization in various urban areas across the world. Datafication has allowed numerous new actors to offer their bike-, car-, or ride-sharing services online; selection mechanisms help match old and new complementors with passengers. Similarly, new connective platforms are emerging, most prominently transport network companies such as Uber and Lyft that offer public and private transport options, as well as new platforms offering integrated transport services, often referred to as “mobility as a service.”
27
Yunhwa Rao, Nancy. Aesthetics, Repertoire, Roles, and Playbills. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040566.003.0005.
Анотація:
This chapter provides a survey of Cantonese opera, its connection to other genres of Chinese opera, its music, repertoire, vocal style, accompanying instruments, etc. Because the performance practice changed over time, this chapter draws from a wealth of primary and secondary documents to offer a working knowledge of Cantonese opera as it was practiced in North American during the 1920s. Over 1000 Chinese playbills from San Francisco, New York City, Vancouver, Seattle and Havana between 1917 and 1929 provide the foundation for understanding the popular repertoire during the time. In addition, commentaries in Chinese newspapers, as well as memoirs and oral histories from veteran performers reveal much about the historical performance practice. Taken together, these resources form the basis of an understanding of the Cantonese opera in this period ranging from the increased usage of stage backdrops and stage props, a gradual shift of popular role types and vocal styles, and popular novel repertoire types. A reflection on the significance of daily opera playbill closes the chapter.
28
Messner, Michael A. Unconventional Combat. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197573631.001.0001.
Анотація:
Unconventional Combat illuminates the generational transformation of the U.S. veterans’ peace movement, from one grounded mostly in the experiences of White men of the Vietnam War era, to one increasingly driven by a younger and much more diverse cohort of “post-9/11” veterans. Participant observation with two organizations (Veterans For Peace and About Face) and interviews with older men veterans form the backdrop for the book’s main focus, life-history interviews with six younger veterans—all people of color, three of them women, one a Native Two-Spirit person, one a genderqueer non-binary person. The book traces these veterans’ experiences of sexual and gender harassment, sexual assault, racist and homophobic abuse during their military service (some of it in combat zones), centering on their “situated knowledge” of intersecting oppressions. As veterans, this knowledge shapes their intersectional praxis, which promises to transform the veterans’ peace movement, and provides a connective language through which veterans’ anti-militarism work links with movements for racial justice, stopping gender and sexual violence, addressing climate change, and building anti-colonial coalitions. This promise is sometimes thwarted by older veterans, whose commitment to “diversity” often falls short of creating organizational space for full inclusion of previously marginalized “others.” Intersectionality is the analytic coin of today’s emergent movement field, and the connective tissue of a growing coalitional politics. The veterans that are the focus of this book are part of this larger shift in the social movement ecology, and they contribute a critical understanding of war and militarism to progressive coalitions.
29
Helmut, Tuerk. 15 Landlocked and Geographically Disadvantaged States. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198715481.003.0015.
Анотація:
The growing realization of the enormous resources and economic potential of the seas along with concerns over the impact of long-distance fishing fleets on coastal fish stocks and the threats posed by pollution from ships to coastal communities and ocean life have caused a major shift towards more national authority over maritime areas, leading to a diminution of the extent of the high seas and an attenuation of its freedoms. This development has directly affected the landlocked States as well as other States in a less favourable geographical position with respect to the seas and their resources. This chapter analyzes how landlocked and geographically disadvantaged States sought to safeguard their rights and interests in connection with the emergence of a new law of the sea; the rights granted to them under the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC); how these rights have been realized in practice; and the role of these States in the further development of the law of the sea.
30
Newcomb, John Timberman. Gutter and Skyline. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252036798.003.0007.
Анотація:
This chapter examines the little magazines' shift to a poetry of modern life between 1910 and 1925 by discarding long-standing generic strictures of style and subject matter in favor of themes dealing with the industrialized metropolis. Soon after 1910, many poets such as T. S. Eliot, Claude McKay, and Carl Sandburg began to write verses about life in the modern city. This turn toward urban subject matter marked a decisive change in American poetry's relationship to modernity and an epochal departure from national traditions. This chapter considers the integral connection between verse and the visual arts as many American poets focused on investigating urban modernity as a subject. It also discusses the different ways that these poets learned to represent the machine-age metropolis after 1910 and challenged the aesthetic and ideological verities of class, ethnicity, and gender underlying their romantic-genteel inheritance; acts of observation in American cityscape verse that operate at both microscopic and panoramic levels; and poems of gutters, street pavements, and skylines that are complementary within an emerging poetics of urban materiality.
31
Mills, Simon. A Commerce of Knowledge. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198840336.001.0001.
Анотація:
A Commerce of Knowledge: Trade, Religion, and Scholarship between England and the Ottoman Empire, c.1600–1760 tells the story of three generations of Church of England chaplains who served the English Levant Company in Aleppo, Syria, during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The book reconstructs the careers of its protagonists in the cosmopolitan city of Ottoman Aleppo, and brings to light the links between English commercial and diplomatic expansion and English scholarly and missionary interests: the study of Middle-Eastern languages; the exploration of biblical and Greco-Roman antiquities; and the early dissemination of Protestant literature in Arabic. Early modern Orientalism is usually conceived as an episode in the history of scholarship. By shifting the focus to Aleppo, A Commerce of Knowledge draws attention to connections between the seemingly aloof world of the early modern university and spheres of commercial and diplomatic life, tracing the emergence of new kinds of philological and archaeological enquiry in England back to a series of real-world encounters between the chaplains and the scribes, booksellers, priests, rabbis, and sheikhs whom they encountered in the Ottoman Empire. Setting the careers of its protagonists against a background of broader developments across Protestant and Catholic Europe, the book shows how the institutionalization of English scholarship, and the later English attempt to influence the Eastern Christian churches, were bound up with the international struggle to establish a commercial foothold in the Levant. It then argues that these connections would endure until the shift of British commercial and imperial interests to the Indian subcontinent in the second half of the eighteenth century fostered new currents of intellectual life at home.
32
Eltis, David. Africa, Slavery, and the Slave Trade, Mid-Seventeenth to Mid-Eighteenth Centuries. Edited by Nicholas Canny and Philip Morgan. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199210879.013.0016.
Анотація:
Which of the major components of the Atlantic world — the Americas, Africa, and Europe — was most immediately affected by the integration of the Old and New Worlds that Columbian contact triggered? On epidemiological grounds alone the Americas would be the choice of most scholars, with Europe, at least prior to the eighteenth century, the least affected. In terms of dramatic economic, demographic, and social consequences of the early stages of Atlantic integration, Africa lies somewhere between the two. Yet if we shift the focus to changes in the nature and size of connections between the continents as opposed to changes within them, the most striking developments between the 1640s and the 1770s relate to Africa, not Europe or the Americas. The Slave Coast was a major supplier of slaves to transatlantic markets. West Central Africa, by far the largest supplier of slaves to the Americas, experienced two diasporas. Captives from the northern ports went to the colonies of northern Europeans, those from Luanda and Benguela in the south went to Brazil. By the end of the third quarter of the eighteenth century, the transatlantic slave trade was close to the highest level it was ever to attain.
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Levinson, Marjorie. Thinking Through Poetry. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198810315.001.0001.
Анотація:
This is a work of and about literary criticism. Its title signals a contribution to debates about reading. We think “through”—“by means of,” “with”—poems, sympathetically elaborating their surfaces. We “think through” poems to their end—solving a problem, getting to their roots. And we “think through” to “go beyond,” in a philosophical, speculative criticism to which the poem carries us. All three meanings of “through” are in play throughout. The subtitle applies “field” first to Romantic studies—offering new readings of canonical British Romantic poems to address contemporary topics (depth vs. surface, formalism’s return, materialism, theory vs. history of lyric), and narrating, enacting, and conceptualizing the arc of the field’s scholarship since the 1980s. Examples are drawn especially from Wordsworth, but also from Coleridge and, for Romanticism’s afterlife, from Stevens. In addition, “field” indicates the shift during that time-span from a unitary to a field-concept of form, a concept that synthesizes form and history, privileges analytic scale, and displaces entity (text) by “relation” as object of investigation. Connecting early 19th-century intellectual trends to antecedents in Spinoza and related 20th/21st-century revolutions in the postclassical sciences, the book introduces new models to literary study. Unlike accounts of science’s influence on literature, or various “literature + X” approaches (literature and ecology, literature and cognitive science), it constructs its object in a way cognate with work in non-humanities disciplines, thus highlighting a certain unity to knowledge. The claim is that literary critics can renew understanding of their own field by studying the thinking of certain scientific communities.
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Farnham, Nicholas H., and Adam Yarmolinsky, eds. Rethinking Liberal Education. Oxford University Press, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195097726.001.0001.
Анотація:
Liberal education has always had its share of theorists, believers, and detractors, both inside and outside the academy. The best of these have been responsible for the development of the concept, and of its changing tradition. Drawn from a symposium jointly sponsored by the Educational Leadership program and the American Council of Learned Societies, this work looks at the requirements of liberal education for the next century and the strategies for getting there. With contributions from Leon Botstein, Ernest Boyer, Howard Gardner, Stanley Katz, Bruce Kimball, Peter Lyman, Susan Resneck Pierce, Adam Yarmolinsky and Frank Wong, Rethinking Liberal Education proposes better ways of connecting the curriculum and organization of liberal arts colleges with today's challenging economic and social realities. The authors push for greater flexibility in the organizational structure of academic departments, and argue that faculty should play a greater role in the hard discussions that shape their institutions. Through the implementation of interdisciplinary and collaborative approaches to learning, along with better integration of the curriculum with the professional and vocational aspects of the institution, this work proposes to restore vitality to the curriculum. The concept of rethinking liberal education does not mean the same thing to every educator. To one, it may mean a strategic shift in requirements, to another the reformulation of the underlying philosophy to meet changing times. Any significant reform in education needs careful thought and discussion. Rethinking Liberal Education makes a substantial contribution to such debates. It will be of interest to scholars and students, administrators, and anyone concerned with the issues of modern education.
35
Heiss, Mary Ann. Fulfilling the Sacred Trust. Cornell University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501752704.001.0001.
Анотація:
This book explores the implementation of international accountability for dependent territories under the United Nations during the early Cold War era. Although the Western nations that drafted the UN Charter saw the organization as a means of maintaining the international status quo they controlled, newly independent nations saw the UN as an instrument of decolonization and an agent of change disrupting global political norms. The book documents the unprecedented process through which these new nations came to wrest control of the United Nations from the World War II victors that founded it, allowing the UN to become a vehicle for global reform. It examines the consequences of these early changes on the global political landscape in the midst of heightened international tensions playing out in Europe, the developing world, and the UN General Assembly. The book puts this anti-colonial advocacy for accountability into perspective by making connections between the campaign for international accountability in the United Nations and other postwar international reform efforts such as the anti-apartheid movement, Pan-Africanism, the Non-Aligned Movement, and the drive for global human rights. Chronicling the combative history of this campaign, the book details the global impact of the larger UN reformist effort. It demonstrates the unintended impact of decolonization on the United Nations and its agenda, as well as the shift in global influence from the developed to the developing world.
36
Baym, Nancy K. Playing to the Crowd. NYU Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479896165.001.0001.
Анотація:
In Playing to the Crowd, Nancy K. Baym examines the shift toward more personal connections with audiences, offering an entirely new approach to media cultures and industries as she does. The book argues that workers in many fields are under increased pressure get online and connect with others to further their careers, a trend that musicians have long led. Using a dialectical framework, the book draws on in depth-interviews with a range of professional musicians and other qualitative methods to show how the rise of digital communication platforms transformed artist-fan relationships into something that can feel personal. Part I explores music as a means of communication and as a commodity, drawing out the tension between its social and commercial values. Part II looks at audiences, showing how they developed fandoms in the 20th century, how those fandoms came online, and the tension between participation and control musicians experience when they encounter online audiences. Part III looks at relationships, examining how, in contrast to the concert hall environment in which musicians and audiences may one have met, social media create a new potential and pressure for everyday, intimate relating and how musicians manage the tensions between closeness and distance this creates. Ultimately, the book argues that the relational labor musicians do is a significant mode of work, one which requires resources, skills, and strategies we must all understand.
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McLaren, Margaret A. Women's Activism, Feminism, and Social Justice. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190947705.001.0001.
Анотація:
Informed by practices of women’s activism in India, this book proposes a feminist social justice framework to address the wide range of issues women face globally, including economic exploitation; sexist oppression; racial, ethnic, and caste oppression; and cultural imperialism. The feminist social justice framework provides an alternative to mainstream philosophical frameworks that analyze and promote gender justice globally: universal human rights, economic projects such as microfinance, and cosmopolitanism. These frameworks share a commitment to individualism and abstract universalism that underlie certain liberal and neoliberal approaches to justice. Arguing that these frameworks emphasize individualism over interdependence, similarity over diversity, and individual success over collective capacity, McLaren draws on the work of Rabindranath Tagore to develop the concept of relational cosmopolitanism. Relational cosmopolitanism prioritizes our connections, while acknowledging power differences. Extending Iris Young’s theory of political responsibility, McLaren shows how Fair Trade connects to the economic solidarity movement. The Self-Employed Women’s Association and MarketPlace India empower women through access to livelihoods as well as fostering leadership capabilities that allow them to challenge structural injustice through political and social activism. Their struggles to resist economic exploitation and gender oppression through collective action show the importance of challenging individualist approaches to achieving gender justice. The book concludes with a call for a shift in our thinking and practice toward reimagining the possibilities for justice from a relational framework, from independence to interdependence, from identity to intersectionality, and from interest to sociopolitical imagination.
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Morgan, D. Densil. Spirituality, Worship, and Congregational Life. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199683710.003.0022.
Анотація:
The chapters in this volume concentrate on the Dissenting traditions of the United Kingdom, the British Empire, and the United States. The Introduction weaves together their arguments, giving an overview of the historiography on Dissent while making the case for seeing Dissenters in different Anglophone connections as interconnected and conscious of their genealogical connections. The nineteenth century saw the creation of a vast Anglo-world which also brought Anglophone Dissent to its apogee. Yet any treatment of the subject must begin by recognizing the difficulties of spotting ‘Dissent’ outside the British Isles, where church–state relations were different from those that had originally produced Dissent. The chapter starts by emphasizing that if Dissent was a political and constitutional identity, then it was a relative and tactical one, which was often only strong where a strong Church of England existed to dissent against. It also suggests that in most parts of the world the later nineteenth century saw a growing enthusiasm for the moral and educational activism of the state, which plays against the idea of Dissent as a static, purely negative identity. The second section of the Introduction suggests identifying a fixation on the Bible as the watermark of Dissent. This did not mean there was agreement on what the Bible said or how to read it: the emphasis in Dissenting traditions on private judgement meant that conflict over Scripture was always endemic to them. The third section identifies a radical insistence on human spiritual equality as a persistent characteristic of Dissenters throughout the nineteenth century while also suggesting it was hard to maintain as they became aligned with social hierarchies and imperial authorities. Yet it also argues that transnational connections kept Dissenters from subsiding into acquiescence in the powers that were. The fourth section suggests that the defence and revival of a gospel faith also worked best when it was most transnational. The final section asks how far members of Dissenting traditions reconciled their allegiance to them with participation in high, national, and imperial cultures. It suggests that Dissenters could be seen as belonging to a robust subculture, one particularly marked by its domestication of the sacred and sacralization of the domestic. At the same time, however, both ‘Dissenting Gothic’ architecture and the embrace by Dissenters of denominational and national history writing illustrate that their identity was compatible with a confident grasp of national and imperial identities. That confidence was undercut in some quarters by the spread of pessimism among evangelicals and the turn to premillennial eschatology which injected a new urgency into the world mission. The itinerant holiness evangelists who turned away from the institutions built by mainstream denominations fostered Pentecostal movements, which in the twentieth century would decisively shift the balance of global Christianity from north to south. They indicate that the strength and global reach of Anglophone Dissenting traditions still lay in their dynamic heterogeneity.